仪陇县2024年5月高中二年级教学质量监测
英语试卷
注意事项：
(1)答题前将姓名、考号等填在答题卡指定位置.
(2)所有解答内容均需涂、写在答题卡上.
(3)选择题须用2B铅笔将答题卡相应题号对应选项涂黑，若需改动，须擦净另涂.
(4)填空题、解答题在答题卡对应题号位置用0.5毫米黑色字迹笔书写.
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the man’s job
A. A doctor. B. An engineer. C. A salesman.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a shop. B. In a hotel. C. In an office.
3. How did the man get the news about the earthquake in San Diego
A. On TV. B. Online. C. From the woman.
4. What’s the man trying to do
A. Introduce a game. B. Comfort the woman. C. Share a story.
5. How did the man get here today
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bike.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the man need to do first if he wants to borrow books
A. Pay 50 pence a day. B. Have a library card. C. Fill in the application form.
7. What’s the woman doing
A. Introducing the library. B. Giving tips on reading. C. Explaining library rules.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where is the man from
A. Leeds. B. Glasgow. C. London.
9. What subject are the speakers both interested in
A. Maths. B. History. C. French.
10. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Schoolmates. C. Teacher and student.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why are the speakers going to meet
A. To plan a project. B. To share some news. C. To help the man.
12. What time is suitable for the man on Wednesday
A. At 3 pm. B. At 4 pm. C. At 5 pm.
13. Where are they going to meet
A. In the cafe. B. In the library. C. On the playground.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How many strong applicants are selected
A. 2. B. 12. C. 200.
15. What does the man especially want to know about the applicants
A. Personal information. B. Problem-solving abilities. C. Presentation skills.
16. How does the man sound about the coming presentation
A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Surprised.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What do we know about Buy Nothing Day
A. It’s popular world wide. B. It’s held on Black Friday. C. It was formed in the 21st century.
18. What’s the aim of Buy Nothing Day
A. To reject fast fashion. B. To protest Black Friday. C. To help people spend wisely.
19. What are people advised to do on Buy Nothing Day
A. Donate coats. B. Upgrade the phone. C. Exchange gifts.
20. What’s the purpose of the talk
A. To compare two festivals. B. To help people make decisions. C. To introduce Buy Nothing Day.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Walled Cities Of The World
There are numerous historical walled cities across the world, whose walls date back several centuries. These walls were fortification (碉堡), a necessity throughout medieval eras for defense. They have been preserved as historical monuments and popular tourist attractions in the modern time.
York, England
The city of York is a medieval city situated in the north of England. Historically, the city was ruled by the Romans, Angles, and the Vikings before being incorporated as part of the Kingdom of England in 954. Located in the city are walls built in 71 AD which have been restored and extended with time.
Xi’an, China
The city of Xian is one of the oldest cities in China. It prospered economically as the eastern last station of the Silk Road. The existing walls were originally built in 770 BC and reconstructed in the 14th century under the Ming Dynasty. The walls are well preserved and are a major tourist attraction in the city.
Quebec City, Canada
Quebec City was a colonial (殖民地的) town which was fortified by the settling Europeans. The walls began to be built in 1608 under both British and French regimes (政权). A fort was constructed by the British as an additional defensive measure and remains undamaged to date. The city’s fortifications were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.
Mexico City, Mexico
Historically, the City of Mexico gained importance as the Aztec Capital. The Spanish then drove out the Aztecs and rebuilt it as the Spanish Capital. The walls protecting the city were built in 1521. Mexico City is also home to numerous colonial-era buildings which together with the walls are major tourist attractions in the city.
1. Which city has walls of the longest history
A. York, England. B. Xi’an, China.
C. Quebec City, Canada. D. Mexico City, Mexico.
2. What do Quebec city and Mexico city have in common
A. They were once colonies of other countries.
B. They were once the capital of the Aztec empire.
C. Their walls were once built under British regime.
D. Their walls were once damaged after construction.
3. In which section of a magazine may this text appear
A. Culture. B. Entertainment. C. Science. D. Society
B
Had she been a singer, she might have been an American star. But Clora Bryant played the trumpet, and reputation came slowly. Bryant, a barrier breaker who stood firm in her determination to be a respected jazz trumpet player despite the open sexism (性别歧视) that shadowed her, died on August 25, in 2019, in Los Angeles, when she was 92. Life as a jazz trumpeter was an uphill battle, said her son Darrin. “It was a man’s world, and that made it hard for her. But that only fueled her fire, and made her more resolved.”
Bryant played the trumpet with such passion and she became a mainstay in the growing jazz scene in the 1940s. Dizzy Gillespie once told Times jazz critic Leonard Feather that Bryant was the most underrated (低估) trumpet player in L.A.
But by 1992, she was living on Social Security, staying at a son’s Long Beach, in California, apartment, and two of her trumpets were in the pawnshop (典当铺). “A lot of clubs have closed.” she told the Times. “And how many female trumpet players do you see working ”
Bryant and her brothers were raised by their father, a patient man who encouraged his children to think big. She wanted to be in the high school marching band, but Charles Bryant warned his daughter she’d likely face resistance. “But anything you want to do, I’m behind you,” she recalled. It was her father who encouraged her to do whatever she wanted to do that made her stronger and stronger.
4. What does the underlined word “resolved” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Adventurous. B. Unique. C. Emotional. D. Determined.
5. Why is “Social Security” mentioned in paragraph 3
A. To show people’s acts of kindness.
B. To prove Bryant’s struggle through life.
C. To explain how Bryant earned his living.
D. To stress the importance of the pawnshop.
6. What’s the key reason for Bryant’s being underrated
A. The open sexism from society.
B The poor family background.
C. The terrible financial situation.
D. The mental pressure from colleagues.
7. What played an important role for Bryant to stick to her dream
A. Her son’s support. B. Her brothers’ company.
C Her strict family education. D. Her father’s encouragement.
C
Amazon recently announced its latest launch, a robot called Astro. Small in size, but with impressive technology, Astro is seemingly similar to Amazon’s popular virtual assistant. With all the same capabilities as Alexa, many critics are asking why there’s a need for Astro.
Answering this question, Amazon’s Vice-President of Products, Charlie Tritschler, highlights some unique features of Astro that make it a different kind of robot. Astro can move on its own and follow people, offering consumers a far broader range of options. Besides, it can monitor home security. Astro uses Artificial Intelligence to learn more about household members by interacting with users. Users can also register themselves and others into its recognition system. When they leave home, they can make an away mode, which means “Sentry (哨兵) Mode”, or “Patrol Mode” start working. If someone who is not recognized enters the house, Astro will follow and record them. Astro’s mobility seems to be the key feature in its technological enhancement, but what appeals to people most is its “unique persona”. Its big, circular, blinking “eyes” displayed on its screen-like head making it look rather cute are a big reason for this.
Years of research show that humans often experience positive emotional connections with robots. According to MIT’s technology review of Astro, it may not fall far from this observation. People have come to love robotic pets, though they are fully aware that the pets are lifeless. Robots at home can play a useful role in helping elderly patients fight loneliness or young children face social anxiety.
Amazon is offering people interested in Astro the chance to sign up for Day 1 Editions, a program giving invitations to Astro as soon as it goes on the market later this year. Tritschler is encouraging people to personalize the robot when it becomes available, and he is confident that users will come up with more ideas and features they will want to see in the robot in the near future to make it even better.
8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The convenient operation of Astro. B. The essential functions of Astro.
C The increasing popularity of Astro. D. The distinctive capabilities of Astro.
9. Which aspect of Astro attracts people most
A. Its recognition system. B. Its ability to move on its own.
C. Its adorable appearance. D. Its ability to monitor home security.
10. What is Tritschler’s attitude to the future of Astro
A. Critical. B. Positive. C. Uncertain. D. Doubtful.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. Astro: A Robot Assistant B. The New Revolution of AI
C. Astro: An Emotional Relief D. The Great Potential of Robots
D
Nocturnal (夜间的) exposure to blue light containing short wavelength emissions (450-500 nm) — the kind of light produced by the screens of many devices raises blood sugar levels and increases sugar intake, according to a study performed on Sudanian grass rats.
“Much of the artificial light we are exposed to comes from LED lights and screens, which emit high levels of blue light,” said Anayanci Masis-Vargas from the Universities of Strasbourg and Amsterdam and his colleagues. According to their study, retinal (网膜的) cells of the eye are sensitive to this blue light and directly convey information to areas of the brain that control appetite.
In the study, the scientists exposed diurnal Sudanian grass rats to nighttime blue light (490 nm) and measured their food consumption and glucose (葡萄糖) tolerance the following day. “In order to better model human light exposure, the rats were diurnal, meaning awake during the day and asleep at night, rather than the typical nocturnal laboratory rats which are awake during nighttime hours,” the researchers explained. They found that after only one hour of nocturnal blue light exposure, glucose tolerance was changed in the rats, a warning sign of pre-diabetes.
To investigate what happens with appetite control and food choice after exposure to blue light at night, in the follow-up study, the rats were given the option to choose among a nutritionally balanced food, water, pig fat, and sugar water. After the exposure to blue light, the study authors observed that the rats preferred sugar water and drank more of it that night than during the nights with no blue light exposure. As the experiment continued, the researchers noticed more exposure to blue light caused rats’ heavier bodies as well.
“Limiting the amount of time that we spend in front of screens at night is, for now, the best measure to protect ourselves from the harmful effects of blue light,” Masis-Vargas said. “In case it is necessary to be exposed to device s at night, I would recommend the night mode features on the devices, which turn the screens more orange and less blue or the use of blue light filtering glasses that are already available in the market.”
12. According to the study,nocturnal exposure to blue light will ________.
A. affect blood pressure B. influence appetite
C. disturb the delivery of information D. decrease retinal cells of the eye
13. Why were diurnal rats used instead of nocturnal rats in the study
A. Their sleep model is simpler to follow.
B. Their sugar intake is easier to measure.
C. Their light contact is similar to that of humans.
D. Their glucose tolerance is close to that of humans.
14. Which was NOT considered in the follow-up study
A. Food choice. B. Animal weight.
C. Food consumption. D. Animal gender.
15. Which is the most effective way to lessen the harm of blue light according to Masis-Vargas
A. Upgrading phone mode. B. Changing the color of the screen.
C. Restricting night screen time. D. Wearing blue light filtering glasses.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
By thinking and using habits like great scientists, we can learn how to change our way of thinking and come up with new ideas.___16___
Constantly ask questions. One thing that curious young children always do with their parents is ask questions. “Why is the sky blue ” “Why does a dog bark ”___17___ Scientists also constantly ask questions. You have to continue asking questions if you want to keep learning.
Share your results.___18___ Scientists often find solutions after knowing the findings of other scientists' experiments. In study, share your results with your classmates and you can learn from others' results.
___19___ You're rarely ever going to get something perfect on the first try. When you don't get it right, learn from it. To a scientist, failures or any negative result is not a bad thing.
Challenge assumptions(设想). Scientists like to challenge conventional thoughts. They do it by experimenting with the assumption and then test it to see if the results are true.___20___ Make basic assumptions about your work or personal life and then find a way to experiment with them to see if your assumptions are really true.
A. Work with others.
B. We all should do the same thing.
C. Accept failure and then learn from it.
D. Kids do this because they want to learn.
E. Here are some habits that can help you think like a scientist.
F. For scientists, it’s important to share the results of their findings.
G. Proving something is wrong is just as useful as proving something is right.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management. As she____21____a glass of water, everyone in the class____22____they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question. However, that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she asked the students, “How much do you think this glass of water weighs ”
Answers called out____23____from eight to twenty ounces(盎司).
She quieted the students down and then responded, “The absolute weight doesn’t____24____. But it matters how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my ____25____. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the weight of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the____26____I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why ”
Lost in thought, all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully. “Our stresses and____27____in life are like that glass of water. If we____28____our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted, even unable to____29____.”
_____30_____you have to do is put all your burdens down, as_____31_____ in the evening as possible. Don’t carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get_____32_____next morning and are able to move forward.
More often than not, life gets terrible when we think too much. And the moment you_____33_____your burdens, you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.
So rather than being upset and feeling_____34_____for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to_____35_____yourself to anything that is not making you happy.
21. A. raised B. indicated C. pulled D. stressed
22. A. wondered B. agreed C. expected D. argued
23. A. read B. ranged C. replied D. seized
24 A. fade B. exist C. increase D. matter
25. A. stomach B. toe C. fingernail D. arm
26. A. longer B. deeper C. fewer D. further
27. A. doubts B. joys C. surprises D. worries
28. A. cover B. hide C. carry D. show
29. A. pick up B. carry on C. work out D. take in
30. A. Anything B. Nothing C. All D. Something
31. A. early B. eagerly C. quickly D. naturally
32. A. depressed B. entertained C. refreshed D. amazed
33. A. put up with B. catch up with C. look down on D. let go of
34. A. greedy B. confused C. sorry D. happy
35. A. treat B. abandon C. drive D. help
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Delicate, bright, and soft to the touch, the silk has passed the way throughout China’s history. No one can be ____36____ (exact) certain of its origin. But the humble ancient Chinese people credited their own wisdom to Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor (the legendary ancestor of Chinese people), as ____37____ inventor of sericulture (养蚕).
Like all kinds of art on the vast land of China, the style and texture (质地) of silk are also various. Hangluo from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, is known ____38____ its airy and thin texture, while Yunjin from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, an expensive cloth, ____39____ (represent) China’s silk technique at its peak.
Yunjin is best made by hand on large machines, in a complex procedure ____40____ contains more than a hundred steps. Even the most ____41____ (experience) workers can only make a few centimeters a day. Time, patience and skill all play an important role in its beauty.
In the Western Han Dynasty, with Zhang Qian ____42____ (open) up the routes to the western regions, silk was highly praised in countries of Central Asia, later extending ____43____ (it) reach to other parts.
In the hands of Chinese artists, the thinnest string can make pictures of great possibilities and the ____44____ (soft) material can pass through thousands of years. As one of the many _____45_____ (wonder) of ancient China, silk is not only a type of cloth, but also a cultural symbol and a representation of elegance and grace.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你校将要举办一场以“The Power of a Role Model”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请结合一位对你有影响的中国杰出人物，写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1.你对“榜样”的理解；
2.该人物对你的影响。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your listening.
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in high school, I had a dream: to appear in a television program. I was too shy to share my dream with my teacher, however, or anyone else—except my parents. To me, it sounded like a dream that could never come true.
People often told me I could be a nurse, a teacher, or a hairdresser, which I thought were all great careers. But that was not what I wanted. Thankfully, my parents had raised me and my siblings to have lots of confidence. Both my parents, especially my dad, often said, “You can do anything you want to.”
With his encouragement, I applied to the radio and television arts program at Ryerson University in Toronto. I was overjoyed when I was admitted. I really loved the program and worked hard —and I was named the most outstanding graduate of the year. Just by getting into Ryerson and graduating at the top of the class, I began to think that maybe my dream could come true.
After I graduated, I applied to the CBC and CTV for a job. They both said the same thing: “We love your education, but you don’t have any e back when you get some!” And I kept saying, “How can I get this experience I’ve been busy getting an education.” They both turned me down.
Luckily, Global Television had just started broadcasting in Canada that year. I thought to myself, “I’m new and they’re new. Why not give it a try ” I didn’t know anyone there, so if I was going to get to know one person at Global, it might as well be the president. I found out who the president was and decided to call him directly. What could I lose I was scared, but I knew deep down inside that this was what I wanted. When I called my dad and told him my plan, he said, “Good! That’s exactly what you should do.”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
With excitement, I called the president of Global Television.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A week later, my big day for the stage came.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力1~5 CACBC 6~10 CCABB 11~15 ABABB 16~20 ABCAC仪陇县2024年5月高中二年级教学质量监测
英语试卷
注意事项：
(1)答题前将姓名、考号等填在答题卡指定位置.
(2)所有解答内容均需涂、写在答题卡上.
(3)选择题须用2B铅笔将答题卡相应题号对应选项涂黑，若需改动，须擦净另涂.
(4)填空题、解答题在答题卡对应题号位置用0.5毫米黑色字迹笔书写.
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the man’s job
A. A doctor. B. An engineer. C. A salesman.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a shop. B. In a hotel. C. In an office.
3. How did the man get the news about the earthquake in San Diego
A. On TV. B. Online. C. From the woman.
4. What’s the man trying to do
A. Introduce a game. B. Comfort the woman. C. Share a story.
5. How did the man get here today
A. On foot. B. By car. C. By bike.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the man need to do first if he wants to borrow books
A. Pay 50 pence a day. B. Have a library card. C. Fill in the application form.
7. What’s the woman doing
A. Introducing the library. B. Giving tips on reading. C. Explaining library rules.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where is the man from
A. Leeds. B. Glasgow. C. London.
9. What subject are the speakers both interested in
A. Maths. B. History. C. French.
10. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Schoolmates. C. Teacher and student.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why are the speakers going to meet
A. To plan a project. B. To share some news. C. To help the man.
12. What time is suitable for the man on Wednesday
A. At 3 pm. B. At 4 pm. C. At 5 pm.
13. Where are they going to meet
A. In the cafe. B. In the library. C. On the playground.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How many strong applicants are selected
A. 2. B. 12. C. 200.
15. What does the man especially want to know about the applicants
A. Personal information. B. Problem-solving abilities. C. Presentation skills.
16. How does the man sound about the coming presentation
A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Surprised.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What do we know about Buy Nothing Day
A. It’s popular world wide. B. It’s held on Black Friday. C. It was formed in the 21st century.
18. What’s the aim of Buy Nothing Day
A. To reject fast fashion. B. To protest Black Friday. C. To help people spend wisely.
19. What are people advised to do on Buy Nothing Day
A. Donate coats. B. Upgrade the phone. C. Exchange gifts.
20. What’s the purpose of the talk
A. To compare two festivals. B. To help people make decisions. C. To introduce Buy Nothing Day.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
Walled Cities Of The World
There are numerous historical walled cities across the world, whose walls date back several centuries. These walls were fortification (碉堡), a necessity throughout medieval eras for defense. They have been preserved as historical monuments and popular tourist attractions in the modern time.
York, England
The city of York is a medieval city situated in the north of England. Historically, the city was ruled by the Romans, Angles, and the Vikings before being incorporated as part of the Kingdom of England in 954. Located in the city are walls built in 71 AD which have been restored and extended with time.
Xi’an, China
The city of Xian is one of the oldest cities in China. It prospered economically as the eastern last station of the Silk Road. The existing walls were originally built in 770 BC and reconstructed in the 14th century under the Ming Dynasty. The walls are well preserved and are a major tourist attraction in the city.
Quebec City, Canada
Quebec City was a colonial (殖民地的) town which was fortified by the settling Europeans. The walls began to be built in 1608 under both British and French regimes (政权). A fort was constructed by the British as an additional defensive measure and remains undamaged to date. The city’s fortifications were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985.
Mexico City, Mexico
Historically, the City of Mexico gained importance as the Aztec Capital. The Spanish then drove out the Aztecs and rebuilt it as the Spanish Capital. The walls protecting the city were built in 1521. Mexico City is also home to numerous colonial-era buildings which together with the walls are major tourist attractions in the city.
1. Which city has walls of the longest history
A. York, England. B. Xi’an, China.
C. Quebec City, Canada. D. Mexico City, Mexico.
2. What do Quebec city and Mexico city have in common
A. They were once colonies of other countries.
B. They were once the capital of the Aztec empire.
C. Their walls were once built under British regime.
D. Their walls were once damaged after construction.
3. In which section of a magazine may this text appear
A. Culture. B. Entertainment. C. Science. D. Society
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是世界上有城墙的四座城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据York, England部分中的“Located in the city are walls built in 71 AD which have been restored and extended with time.(城中有建于公元71年的城墙，随着时间的推移，城墙得到了修复和扩展。)”可知，英国的约克郡建于公元71年；根据Xi’an, China部分中的“The existing walls were originally built in 770 BC and reconstructed in the 14th century under the Ming Dynasty.(现存的城墙最初建于公元前770年，在明朝时期于14世纪重建。)”可知，西安现存的城墙最初建于公元前770年；根据Quebec City, Canada部分中的“The walls began to be built in 1608 under both British and French regimes (政权).(1608年，在英法两国的统治下，长城开始修建。)”可知，加拿大的魁北克城墙始建于1608年；根据Mexico City, Mexico部分中的“The walls protecting the city were built in 1521.(保护这座城市的城墙建于1521年。)”可知，保护这座城的城墙建于1521年，综合以上信息可知，中国西安的城墙修建历史是最悠久的。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Quebec City, Canada部分中的“Quebec City was a colonial (殖民地的) town which was fortified by the settling Europeans.(魁北克城是一个殖民地城镇，由定居的欧洲人加强了防御。)”可知，魁北克城是一个殖民地城镇，结合Mexico City, Mexico部分中的“Mexico City is also home to numerous colonial-era buildings which together with the walls are major tourist attractions in the city.(墨西哥城也是许多殖民时代建筑的所在地，这些建筑和城墙一起成为该市的主要旅游景点。)”可知，墨西哥城是许多殖民地时代建筑的所在地，由此可知，这两座城市的共同点是他们曾经是其他国家的殖民地。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“There are numerous historical walled cities across the world, whose walls date back several centuries.(世界上有许多历史悠久的城墙城市，它们的城墙可以追溯到几个世纪以前。)”以及下文中的“They have been preserved as historical monuments and popular tourist attractions in the modern time.(它们在现代被保存为历史遗迹和热门旅游景点。)”可知，本文介绍的是有许多历史悠久的城墙城市，他们被保存为历史遗迹和热门旅游景点，由此可知，本文应是出自于杂志的文化部分。故选A项。
B
Had she been a singer, she might have been an American star. But Clora Bryant played the trumpet, and reputation came slowly. Bryant, a barrier breaker who stood firm in her determination to be a respected jazz trumpet player despite the open sexism (性别歧视) that shadowed her, died on August 25, in 2019, in Los Angeles, when she was 92. Life as a jazz trumpeter was an uphill battle, said her son Darrin. “It was a man’s world, and that made it hard for her. But that only fueled her fire, and made her more resolved.”
Bryant played the trumpet with such passion and she became a mainstay in the growing jazz scene in the 1940s. Dizzy Gillespie once told Times jazz critic Leonard Feather that Bryant was the most underrated (低估) trumpet player in L.A.
But by 1992, she was living on Social Security, staying at a son’s Long Beach, in California, apartment, and two of her trumpets were in the pawnshop (典当铺). “A lot of clubs have closed.” she told the Times. “And how many female trumpet players do you see working ”
Bryant and her brothers were raised by their father, a patient man who encouraged his children to think big. She wanted to be in the high school marching band, but Charles Bryant warned his daughter she’d likely face resistance. “But anything you want to do, I’m behind you,” she recalled. It was her father who encouraged her to do whatever she wanted to do that made her stronger and stronger.
4. What does the underlined word “resolved” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Adventurous. B. Unique. C. Emotional. D. Determined.
5. Why is “Social Security” mentioned in paragraph 3
A. To show people’s acts of kindness.
B. To prove Bryant’s struggle through life.
C. To explain how Bryant earned his living.
D. To stress the importance of the pawnshop.
6. What’s the key reason for Bryant’s being underrated
A. The open sexism from society.
B. The poor family background.
C. The terrible financial situation.
D. The mental pressure from colleagues.
7. What played an important role for Bryant to stick to her dream
A. Her son’s support. B. Her brothers’ company.
C. Her strict family education. D. Her father’s encouragement.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了小号乐手Bryant成名的过程很缓慢，得到的赞誉远不及她应得到的那么多，但是她越过人生的障碍，最终获得了成功。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Bryant, a barrier breaker who stood firm in her determination to be a respected jazz trumpet player despite the open sexism (性别歧视) that shadowed her”(Bryant虽然一辈子都被公然的性别歧视所困扰，但她突破屏障，下定决心要成为一名备受尊敬的爵士小号手)可知，Bryant虽然她一辈子都被公然的性别歧视所困扰，但她决心成为一名受尊敬的爵士小号手。结合划线词前“It was a man’s world, and that made it hard for her. But that only fueled her fire, and made her more resolved”(那是男人的世界，这让她很为难。但那只能点燃她的斗志，让她更加resolved)可知，性别歧视并未能阻挡Bryant成为一名爵士小号手，反而使她更加下定决心成为一名爵士小号手，所以可以推断出画线单词“resolved”意思是“下定决心的”，与“determined”意思一致。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But by 1992, she was living on Social Security, staying at a son’s Long Beach, in California, apartment, and two of her trumpets were in the pawnshop (典当铺).”(到了1992年，她却只能靠社会保险金生活，住在儿子位于加州长滩的公寓，两把小号都被送进了典当铺。)可推知，作者提及“社会保险金”是为了证实她当时经济状况的窘迫，从侧面反应她成名过程中的奋斗与艰辛。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Bryant, a barrier breaker who stood firm in her determination to be a respected jazz trumpet player despite the open sexism (性别歧视) that shadowed her, died on August 25, in 2019, in Los Angeles, when she was 92. Life as a jazz trumpeter was an uphill battle, said her son Darrin. “It was a man’s world, and that made it hard for her. But that only fueled her fire, and made her more resolved.””(Bryant虽然一辈子都被公然的性别歧视所困扰，但她突破屏障，下定决心要成为一名备受尊敬的爵士小号手。她的儿子Darrin说，爵士乐小号手的生活是一场艰苦的战斗。“那是个男人的世界，这让她很为难。但那只能点燃她的斗志，让她更加坚定要成为一名，爵士乐小号手。”)可推知，公然的性别歧视使得Bryant的成长历程充满艰辛，这也是她被低估的关键原因。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It was her father who encouraged her to do whatever she wanted to do that made her stronger and stronger.”(正是她的父亲鼓励她去做任何她想做的事情，这使她变得越来越强大。)可知，父亲的鼓励是她坚持自己的梦想的关键，起到重要作用。故选D项。
C
Amazon recently announced its latest launch, a robot called Astro. Small in size, but with impressive technology, Astro is seemingly similar to Amazon’s popular virtual assistant. With all the same capabilities as Alexa, many critics are asking why there’s a need for Astro.
Answering this question, Amazon’s Vice-President of Products, Charlie Tritschler, highlights some unique features of Astro that make it a different kind of robot. Astro can move on its own and follow people, offering consumers a far broader range of options. Besides, it can monitor home security. Astro uses Artificial Intelligence to learn more about household members by interacting with users. Users can also register themselves and others into its recognition system. When they leave home, they can make an away mode, which means “Sentry (哨兵) Mode”, or “Patrol Mode” start working. If someone who is not recognized enters the house, Astro will follow and record them. Astro’s mobility seems to be the key feature in its technological enhancement, but what appeals to people most is its “unique persona”. Its big, circular, blinking “eyes” displayed on its screen-like head making it look rather cute are a big reason for this.
Years of research show that humans often experience positive emotional connections with robots. According to MIT’s technology review of Astro, it may not fall far from this observation. People have come to love robotic pets, though they are fully aware that the pets are lifeless. Robots at home can play a useful role in helping elderly patients fight loneliness or young children face social anxiety.
Amazon is offering people interested in Astro the chance to sign up for Day 1 Editions, a program giving invitations to Astro as soon as it goes on the market later this year. Tritschler is encouraging people to personalize the robot when it becomes available, and he is confident that users will come up with more ideas and features they will want to see in the robot in the near future to make it even better.
8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A. The convenient operation of Astro. B. The essential functions of Astro.
C. The increasing popularity of Astro. D. The distinctive capabilities of Astro.
9. Which aspect of Astro attracts people most
A. Its recognition system. B. Its ability to move on its own.
C. Its adorable appearance. D. Its ability to monitor home security.
10. What is Tritschler’s attitude to the future of Astro
A. Critical. B. Positive. C. Uncertain. D. Doubtful.
11. What is the best title for the text
A. Astro: A Robot Assistant B. The New Revolution of AI
C. Astro: An Emotional Relief D. The Great Potential of Robots
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是亚马逊最近发布的一款名为Astro的机器人。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Answering this question, Amazon’s Vice-President of Products, Charlie Tritschler, highlights some unique features of Astro that make it a different kind of robot.(在回答这个问题时，亚马逊产品副总裁Charlie Tritschler强调了Astro的一些独特功能，使其成为一种不同的机器人。)”结合下文中介绍的Astro的一些独特的功能可知，本段主要介绍的是Astro的一些独特的功能。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的：“Its big, circular, blinking “eyes” displayed on its screen-like head making it look rather cute are a big reason for this.(它像屏幕一样的头上长着大大的、圆形的、闪烁的“眼睛”，这让它看起来相当可爱，这是一个重要的原因。)”可知，Astro头上长着的大大的、圆形的、闪烁的“眼睛”让他看起来很可爱，由此可知，Astro最吸引人的是它可爱的外表。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Tritschler is encouraging people to personalize the robot when it becomes available, and he is confident that users will come up with more ideas and features they will want to see in the robot in the near future to make it even better.(特里奇勒鼓励人们在机器人可用时对其进行个性化设计，他相信在不久的将来，用户会提出更多的想法和功能，让机器人变得更好。)”可知，Tritschler相信在不久的将来，用户会提出更多的想法和功能，让机器人变得更好，由此可知，Tritschler对Astro的未来持乐观的态度。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Amazon recently announced its latest launch, a robot called Astro. Small in size, but with impressive technology, Astro is seemingly similar to Amazon’s popular virtual assistant.(亚马逊最近发布了一款名为Astro的机器人。Astro体积小，但技术令人印象深刻，看起来与亚马逊流行的虚拟助手类似。)”结合下文中的介绍的Astro的独特的功能以及对机器人未来发展情况的介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是亚马逊推出的一款称为Astro的机器人，所以题目“Astro：机器人助手”与本文的内容吻合，且可以概括本文的主题，适合作为本文的最佳题目。故选A项。
D
Nocturnal (夜间的) exposure to blue light containing short wavelength emissions (450-500 nm) — the kind of light produced by the screens of many devices raises blood sugar levels and increases sugar intake, according to a study performed on Sudanian grass rats.
“Much of the artificial light we are exposed to comes from LED lights and screens, which emit high levels of blue light,” said Anayanci Masis-Vargas from the Universities of Strasbourg and Amsterdam and his colleagues. According to their study, retinal (网膜的) cells of the eye are sensitive to this blue light and directly convey information to areas of the brain that control appetite.
In the study, the scientists exposed diurnal Sudanian grass rats to nighttime blue light (490 nm) and measured their food consumption and glucose (葡萄糖) tolerance the following day. “In order to better model human light exposure, the rats were diurnal, meaning awake during the day and asleep at night, rather than the typical nocturnal laboratory rats which are awake during nighttime hours,” the researchers explained. They found that after only one hour of nocturnal blue light exposure, glucose tolerance was changed in the rats, a warning sign of pre-diabetes.
To investigate what happens with appetite control and food choice after exposure to blue light at night, in the follow-up study, the rats were given the option to choose among a nutritionally balanced food, water, pig fat, and sugar water. After the exposure to blue light, the study authors observed that the rats preferred sugar water and drank more of it that night than during the nights with no blue light exposure. As the experiment continued, the researchers noticed more exposure to blue light caused rats’ heavier bodies as well.
“Limiting the amount of time that we spend in front of screens at night is, for now, the best measure to protect ourselves from the harmful effects of blue light,” Masis-Vargas said. “In case it is necessary to be exposed to device s at night, I would recommend the night mode features on the devices, which turn the screens more orange and less blue or the use of blue light filtering glasses that are already available in the market.”
12. According to the study,nocturnal exposure to blue light will ________.
A. affect blood pressure B. influence appetite
C. disturb the delivery of information D. decrease retinal cells of the eye
13. Why were diurnal rats used instead of nocturnal rats in the study
A. Their sleep model is simpler to follow.
B. Their sugar intake is easier to measure.
C. Their light contact is similar to that of humans.
D Their glucose tolerance is close to that of humans.
14. Which was NOT considered in the follow-up study
A. Food choice. B. Animal weight.
C. Food consumption. D. Animal gender.
15. Which is the most effective way to lessen the harm of blue light according to Masis-Vargas
A. Upgrading phone mode. B. Changing the color of the screen.
C. Restricting night screen time. D. Wearing blue light filtering glasses.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，一项研究表明，夜间暴露在蓝光下会提高血糖水平，增加糖的摄入量，研究人员建议限制晚上的屏幕使用时间，或者在电子设备上安装夜间模式功能或者使用蓝光过滤眼镜。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to their study, retinal (网膜的) cells of the eye are sensitive to this blue light and directly convey information to areas of the brain that control appetite.(根据他们的研究，眼睛的视网膜细胞对这种蓝光很敏感，并直接将信息传递给控制食欲的大脑区域)”可知，根据研究显示，夜间暴露在蓝光下会影响食欲，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘In order to better model human light exposure, the rats were diurnal, meaning awake during the day and asleep at night, rather than the typical nocturnal laboratory rats which are awake during nighttime hours,’ the researchers explained.(研究人员解释说：“为了更好地模拟人类的光暴露，这些老鼠是昼行性的，也就是说白天醒着，晚上睡觉，而不是典型的夜间活动的实验室老鼠，在夜间醒着。”)”可知，研究中使用昼行性老鼠是因为它们的光接触与人类相似。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“To investigate what happens with appetite control and food choice after exposure to blue light at night, in the follow-up study, the rats were given the option to choose among a nutritionally balanced food, water, pig fat, and sugar water. After the exposure to blue light, the study authors observed that the rats preferred sugar water and drank more of it that night than during the nights with no blue light exposure. As the experiment continued, the researchers noticed more exposure to blue light caused rats’ heavier bodies as well.(为了研究夜间暴露在蓝光下后食欲控制和食物选择的变化，在后续研究中，让大鼠选择营养均衡的食物、水、猪脂肪和糖水。在暴露在蓝光下后，研究作者观察到老鼠更喜欢糖水，并且当晚喝的糖水比没有蓝光的夜晚要多。随着实验的继续，研究人员注意到更多的蓝光照射也会导致老鼠的体重增加)”可知，后续研究考虑到了食物选择、动物的体重和食物消耗，D项“动物性别”不符合题意，故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Limiting the amount of time that we spend in front of screens at night is, for now, the best measure to protect ourselves from the harmful effects of blue light,’ Masis-Vargas said.(Masis-Vargas说：“目前，限制我们晚上在屏幕前的时间是保护我们免受蓝光有害影响的最佳措施。”)”可知，Masis-Vargas认为限制晚上的屏幕使用时间是减轻蓝光危害的最有效方法，故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
By thinking and using habits like great scientists, we can learn how to change our way of thinking and come up with new ideas.___16___
Constantly ask questions. One thing that curious young children always do with their parents is ask questions. “Why is the sky blue ” “Why does a dog bark ”___17___ Scientists also constantly ask questions. You have to continue asking questions if you want to keep learning.
Share your results.___18___ Scientists often find solutions after knowing the findings of other scientists' experiments. In study, share your results with your classmates and you can learn from others' results.
___19___ You're rarely ever going to get something perfect on the first try. When you don't get it right, learn from it. To a scientist, failures or any negative result is not a bad thing.
Challenge assumptions(设想). Scientists like to challenge conventional thoughts. They do it by experimenting with the assumption and then test it to see if the results are true.___20___ Make basic assumptions about your work or personal life and then find a way to experiment with them to see if your assumptions are really true.
A. Work with others.
B. We all should do the same thing.
C. Accept failure and then learn from it.
D. Kids do this because they want to learn.
E. Here are some habits that can help you think like a scientist.
F. For scientists, it’s important to share the results of their findings.
G. Proving something is wrong is just as useful as proving something is right.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. F 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了如何培养像科学家一样的思维。
【16题详解】
根据上文“By thinking and using habits like great scientists, we can learn how to change our way of thinking and come up with new ideas.”（通过像伟大的科学家一样思考和使用习惯，我们可以学会如何改变我们的思维方式，提出新的想法。）可知，本文想要介绍如何改变我们的思维方式。再根据第二段“Constantly ask questions.”（不断地问问题。）和第三段“Share your results.”（分享你的结果。）可知，设空处起到引出下文的作用。故E选项“这里有一些习惯可以帮助你像科学家一样思考”切题。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“One thing that curious young children always do with their parents is ask questions. “Why is the sky blue ” “Why does a dog bark ””（好奇的孩子们经常对父母做的一件事就是问问题。“为什么天空是蓝色的？”“为什么狗会吠叫？”）以及后文“Scientists also constantly ask questions. You have to continue asking questions if you want to keep learning.”（科学家也不断地提出问题。如果你想继续学习，你必须继续问问题。）可推知，孩子们问问题表明他们想要学习的愿望。故D项“孩子们这样做是因为他们想学习。”符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Share your results.”（分享你的结果。）可知，此段描写的是“分享你的结果”这一方法。根据后文“Scientists often find solutions after knowing the findings of other scientists' experiments.”（科学家通常在了解其他科学家的实验结果后才能找到解决方案。）可知，设空处描写有关科学家分享结果的信息，故F项“对于科学家来说，分享他们的研究结果很重要。”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
设空处位于段首，起到概括总结的作用。根据后文“You're rarely ever going to get something perfect on the first try. When you don't get it right，learn from it. To a scientist, failures or any negative result is not a bad thing.”（你很少能在第一次尝试时得到完美的东西。当你做得不对的时候，从中学习。对于科学家来说，失败或任何负面结果都不是坏事。）可知，本段主要讲了第一次尝试很少会成功,但是要从失败中吸取教训。故C项“接受失败，然后从中吸取教训。”能概括本段的内容。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Scientists like to challenge conventional thoughts. They do it by experimenting with the assumption and then test it to see if the results are true.”（科学家喜欢挑战传统思维。他们通过对假设进行实验，然后对其进行测试，看看结果是否属实。）可知，科学家喜欢挑战传统思想。再根据后文“ Make basic assumptions about your work or personal life and then find a way to experiment with them to see if your assumptions are really true.”（对你的工作或个人生活做出基本的假设，然后找到一种方法来进行实验，看看你的假设是否真实。）可知，后文写的是对个人的工作和生活做假设。根据前后文可推知，个人要像科学家学习。故B项“我们都应该做同样的事。”符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management. As she____21____a glass of water, everyone in the class____22____they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question. However, that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she asked the students, “How much do you think this glass of water weighs ”
Answers called out____23____from eight to twenty ounces(盎司).
She quieted the students down and then responded, “The absolute weight doesn’t____24____. But it matters how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my ____25____. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the weight of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the____26____I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why ”
Lost in thought, all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully. “Our stresses and____27____in life are like that glass of water. If we____28____our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted, even unable to____29____.”
_____30_____you have to do is put all your burdens down, as_____31_____ in the evening as possible. Don’t carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get_____32_____next morning and are able to move forward.
More often than not, life gets terrible when we think too much. And the moment you_____33_____your burdens, you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.
So rather than being upset and feeling_____34_____for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to_____35_____yourself to anything that is not making you happy.
21. A. raised B. indicated C. pulled D. stressed
22. A. wondered B. agreed C. expected D. argued
23. A. read B. ranged C. replied D. seized
24. A. fade B. exist C. increase D. matter
25. A. stomach B. toe C. fingernail D. arm
26. A. longer B. deeper C. fewer D. further
27. A. doubts B. joys C. surprises D. worries
28. A. cover B. hide C. carry D. show
29. A. pick up B. carry on C. work out D. take in
30. A. Anything B. Nothing C. All D. Something
31. A. early B. eagerly C. quickly D. naturally
32. A. depressed B. entertained C. refreshed D. amazed
33. A. put up with B. catch up with C. look down on D. let go of
34. A. greedy B. confused C. sorry D. happy
35 A. treat B. abandon C. drive D. help
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过女教授让学生观察一杯水的重量的事例告诉读者：我们只有卸下压力和负担，才能活得更轻松。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她举起一杯水时，班上的每个人都认为他们会被问到“半空还是半满”的问题。A. raised筹集，举起；B. indicated表明；C. pulled拉；D. stressed强调。根据下文第三段“But it matters how long you hold it.”可知，老师举起一杯水。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她举起一杯水时，班上的每个人都认为他们会被问到“半空还是半满”的问题。A. wondered想知道；B. agreed同意；C. expected期待，预期；D. argued争论。根据“they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question.”可知，学生们预期老师会问的问题。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：答案从8盎司到20盎司不等。A. read阅读；B. ranged（在一定范围内）变化，变动；C. replied回复；D. seized抓住。range from…to…为固定短语，意为“从……到……的范围”。根据“from eight to twenty ounces(盎司).”可知，喊出的答案在8盎司到20盎司之间变动。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她让学生们安静下来，然后回答说：“绝对重量不重要。”A. fade逐渐消失；B. exist存在；C. increase增长；D. matter重要。根据“But it matters how long you hold it.”可知，女教授认为这杯水绝对重量不重要。空处和后句中的“matters”原词复现。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我拿着它一个小时，我的手臂就会疼。A. stomach胃；B. toe脚趾；C. fingernail指甲；D. arm手臂。根据“If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb.”可知，此处是信息词arm的词汇复现。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我拿着它一个小时，我的手臂就会疼。A. longer更长的；B. deeper更深的；C. fewer更少的；D. further更进一步的。根据“If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my 5 . If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb.”可知，举起杯子的时间越长，它就变得越重。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们生活中的压力和担忧就像那杯水。A. doubts怀疑；B. joys快乐；C. surprises惊喜；D. worries担心。根据“Our stresses”可知，此空处和“stresses”并列，表示“担心”。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们一直背负着负担，迟早会感到筋疲力尽，甚至无法继续下去。A. cover覆盖；B. hide隐藏；C. carry携带；担负；D. show展示。根据“burdens all the time,”可知，如果一致背负着负担，迟早会筋疲力尽。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析句意：如果我们一直背负着负担，迟早会感到筋疲力尽，甚至无法继续下去。A. pick up捡起，开车接送；B. carry on继续；C. work out计算出，锻炼；D. take in吸收，理解。根据“sooner or later, we will feel exhausted”和“even”可知，此处表示甚至生活都无法继续。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：你所要做的就是把你所有的负担都放下，越早越好。A. Anything任何事情；B. Nothing没有什么；C. All一切；D. Something一些事情。根据“put all your burdens down,”可知，你所要做的就是把你所有的负担都放下。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你所要做的就是把你所有的负担都放下，越早越好。A. early早地；B. eagerly渴望地；C. quickly迅速地；D. naturally自然地。根据“Don’t carry them through the evening into the night;”可知，要尽早放下负担。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要把它们从晚上带到夜里；这样做，我们第二天早上就能精神焕发，继续前进。A. depressed沮丧的；B. entertained娱乐的；C. refreshed神清气爽的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据“Don’t carry them through the evening into the night;”可知，这样做以后第二天会神清气爽。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当你卸下负担的那一刻，你会发现自己感到轻松多了。A. put up with忍受；B. catch up with追上，赶上；C. look down on轻视，看不起；D. let go of释放。根据“you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.”可知，放下负担，就会变得轻松。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，与其为自己感到难过和抱歉，不如开始做点什么。A. greedy贪婪的；B. confused困惑的；C. sorry抱歉的；D. happy高兴的。feel sorry for为固定短语，表示“为……难过，遗憾”。根据“start doing something about it.”可知，不要为自己感到难过和抱歉。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，生命太短，不要把自己沉溺在那些不让自己快乐的事情上。A. treat对待，治疗；B. abandon废弃；C. drive驾驶；D. help帮助。abandon oneself to为固定短语，意为“沉溺于”。根据“anything that is not making you happy.”可知，不要让自己沉溺于不开心的事情。故选B。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Delicate, bright, and soft to the touch, the silk has passed the way throughout China’s history. No one can be ____36____ (exact) certain of its origin. But the humble ancient Chinese people credited their own wisdom to Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor (the legendary ancestor of Chinese people), as ____37____ inventor of sericulture (养蚕).
Like all kinds of art on the vast land of China, the style and texture (质地) of silk are also various. Hangluo from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, is known ____38____ its airy and thin texture, while Yunjin from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, an expensive cloth, ____39____ (represent) China’s silk technique at its peak.
Yunjin is best made by hand on large machines, in a complex procedure ____40____ contains more than a hundred steps. Even the most ____41____ (experience) workers can only make a few centimeters a day. Time, patience and skill all play an important role in its beauty.
In the Western Han Dynasty, with Zhang Qian ____42____ (open) up the routes to the western regions, silk was highly praised in countries of Central Asia, later extending ____43____ (it) reach to other parts.
In the hands of Chinese artists, the thinnest string can make pictures of great possibilities and the ____44____ (soft) material can pass through thousands of years. As one of the many _____45_____ (wonder) of ancient China, silk is not only a type of cloth, but also a cultural symbol and a representation of elegance and grace.
【答案】36. exactly
37. the 38. for
39. represents
40. which##that
41. experienced
42. opening
43. its 44. softest
45. wonders
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了丝绸的发展历史。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：没有人能确切地确定它的起源。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词exactly修饰动词短语be certain of。故填exactly。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但谦逊的古代中国人把自己的智慧归功于黄帝(传说中中国人的祖先)的妻子雷祖，她是养蚕业的发明者。根据句意以及空后inventor of sericulture (养蚕)为名词可知，此处应为特指“养蚕业的发明者”为特指概念，所以为定冠词the的填入。故填the。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：来自浙江杭州的杭珞以其轻盈的质地而闻名，而来自江苏南京的云锦是一种昂贵的布料，代表了中国丝绸技术的巅峰。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be known for“以……闻名”，满足句意要求。故填for。
39题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：来自浙江杭州的杭珞以其轻盈的质地而闻名，而来自江苏南京的云锦是一种昂贵的布料，代表了中国丝绸技术的巅峰。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由上下文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语Yunjin为单数意义名词，所以为动词三单形式。故填represents。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：云锦最好是在大型机器上手工制作，要经过一百多个步骤的复杂程序。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which/that引导的限制性定语从句，先行词procedure在从句中作主语成分。故填which/that。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：即使是最有经验的工人一天也只能做几厘米。由空后workers为名词可知，此处为形容词experienced“有经验的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填experienced。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：西汉时期，随着张骞开辟西域之路，丝绸在中亚各国受到高度推崇，后来丝绸的触角延伸到其他地区。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，所以此处动词应为非谓语形式，open和逻辑主语Zhang Qian为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填opening。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：西汉时期，随着张骞开辟西域之路，丝绸在中亚各国受到高度推崇，后来丝绸的触角延伸到其他地区。由空后reach为名词可知，此处为形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【44题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在中国艺术家的手中，最细的弦可以创造出无限的可能性，最柔软的材料可以穿越数千年。由空前the为定冠词以及提示词为形容词可知，此处为形容词最高级形式。故填softest。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数形式。句意：丝绸作为中国古代的诸多奇观之一，不仅是一种布料，而且是一种文化符号，是优雅和优雅的代表。由空前one of the many可知，此处应为名词复数形式，表示“许多……的其中之一”。故填wonders。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你校将要举办一场以“The Power of a Role Model”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请结合一位对你有影响的中国杰出人物，写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1.你对“榜样”的理解；
2.该人物对你的影响。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your listening.
【答案】Good morning, everyone!
In my opinion, a role model is someone or something worth learning from and someone or something who inspires and guides others.
The most influential role model for me is Quan Hong Chan, who is a 14-year-old girl. She began to receive diving training in 2014, and won the gold medal in the 10-meter platform competition on August 5, 2021. It is her hard training that makes her so successful. She also has a strong will.
I think I should learn from her. She never gives up however hard the life is. And at the same time, she is also filial. Through her hard work and effort, she looks after her mother well.
Thank you for your listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生结合一位对你有影响的中国杰出人物，写一篇演讲稿参加你校将要举办的一场以“The Power of a Role Model”为主题的英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
指导：guide→direct
无论多么：however→no matter how
同时：at the same time→in the meantime
照顾：look after→take care of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my opinion, a role model is someone or something worth learning from and someone or something who inspires and guides others.
拓展句：I hold the belief that a role model is someone or something worth learning from and someone or something who inspires and guides others.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In my opinion, a role model is someone or something worth learning from and someone or something who inspires and guides others. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The most influential role model for me is Quan Hong Chan, who is a 14-year-old girl. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in high school, I had a dream: to appear in a television program. I was too shy to share my dream with my teacher, however, or anyone else—except my parents. To me, it sounded like a dream that could never come true.
People often told me I could be a nurse, a teacher, or a hairdresser, which I thought were all great careers. But that was not what I wanted. Thankfully, my parents had raised me and my siblings to have lots of confidence. Both my parents, especially my dad, often said, “You can do anything you want to.”
With his encouragement, I applied to the radio and television arts program at Ryerson University in Toronto. I was overjoyed when I was admitted. I really loved the program and worked hard —and I was named the most outstanding graduate of the year. Just by getting into Ryerson and graduating at the top of the class, I began to think that maybe my dream could come true.
After I graduated, I applied to the CBC and CTV for a job. They both said the same thing: “We love your education, but you don’t have any e back when you get some!” And I kept saying, “How can I get this experience I’ve been busy getting an education.” They both turned me down.
Luckily, Global Television had just started broadcasting in Canada that year. I thought to myself, “I’m new and they’re new. Why not give it a try ” I didn’t know anyone there, so if I was going to get to know one person at Global, it might as well be the president. I found out who the president was and decided to call him directly. What could I lose I was scared, but I knew deep down inside that this was what I wanted. When I called my dad and told him my plan, he said, “Good! That’s exactly what you should do.”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With excitement, I called the president of Global Television.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A week later, my big day for the stage came.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
With excitement, I called the president of Global Television. It wasn’t long before Mr. Slaight was on the phone. I had practiced what I was going to say for thousands of times. After a brief introduction, I said, “ heard that your studio is actively seeking for quality individuals for your new show. I want to be an addition to your studio.” To my delight, Mr. Slaight offered me a chance to try out for the show. At the studio, everything went beautifully and they hired me on the spot.
A week later, my big day for the stage came. I was about to get on the stage when negative thoughts flooded into my mind. “What if the audience don’t like me ” Then with my father’s words echoing in my mind, I replaced the negative thoughts with positive ones. “This is going to be the best show ever. You are going to just shine!” I told myself. My positive thinking worked. Soon I restored my confidence. It turned out a good show and was the beginning of my hundreds of television shows. And my success came from picking up the courage to make that phone call.
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索。讲述作者在高中时想在一个电视节目中出现，但是很害羞，但是他的父母尤其是父亲经常鼓励他，所以大学的时候他选择了广播电视艺术专业，毕业后因为没有经验，找不到工作，但是作者想起父亲的鼓励，鼓起勇气给一个新进入加拿大的环球电视的主席打电话，获得表演机会，最后被录取，并成功主持了一个节目。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我兴奋地给总统全球电视台打电话。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓起勇气给环球电视的主席打电话，并获得一个参加演出的机会，最后被雇佣。
②由第二段首句内容“一周后，我在舞台上的重要日子到来了。”可知，第二段可描写作者开始主持电视节目，但是有些紧张，最后克服紧张，成功主持了节目。
2.续写线索：高中确定梦想，但是害羞——在父亲的鼓励下，大学选择相关专业——毕业找工作遭拒——环球电视进入加拿大——鼓起勇气给主席打电话寻求机会——被录用成功主持节目。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①打电话：call/phone/ring
②寻找：seek for/search for/look for
③证明：turn out/prove
情绪类
①高兴：delight/pleasure/enjoyment
②兴奋：excitement/enthusiasm/exhilaration
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I had practiced what I was going to say for thousands of times.(what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. Then with my father’s words echoing in my mind, I replaced the negative thoughts with positive ones.(with复合结构)
听力1~5 CACBC 6~10 CCABB 11~15 ABABB 16~20 ABCAC
