人教新课标高考英语一轮复习选修6 Unit 5 The power of nature

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．precious /′pre s/ adj.贵重的；珍贵的
2．panic /′p nIk/ vi.& vt.惊慌；n.惊慌；恐慌
3．bathe /beI / vi.洗澡；游泳
4．diagram /′daI ɡr m/ n．图解；图表；示意图
5．wave /weIv/ n．波浪；波涛；vi.波动；起伏；挥手
6．potential /p ′ten l/ n．潜在性；可能性；潜能；adj.可能的；潜在的
7．tremble /′trembl/ vi.摇晃；摇动；颤抖
8．guarantee / ɡ r n′ti / vt.保证；担保
9．equipment /I′kwIpm nt/ n．设备；装备→equip vt.装备于；配备于
10．actual /′ kt l/ adj.实在的；实际的→actually adv.说实在的；实际上
11．uncomfortable / n′k mft bl/ adj.不舒服的；不舒适的→comfortable_ (反义词) adj.舒服的
12．unconscious / n′k n s/ adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的→conscious(反义词) adj.有意识的
13．appoint / ′p Int/ vt.任命；委派→appointment n．约定；任命
14．evaluate /I′v lj eIt/ vt.评估；评价；估计→evaluation n．评估
15．absolute /′ bs lu t/ adj.绝对的；完全的→absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地
16．suit /sju t/ n．一套外衣；套装；vt.适合；使适宜→suitable adj.合适的
17．shoot / u t/ vt.射中；射伤→shot n．射击；枪炮声
18．anxious /′ k s/ adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望
19．diverse /daI′v s/ adj.多种多样的；不同的→diversity n．多种多样；多样性
20．appreciation / prI I′eI n/ n．欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciate vt.欣赏；感激
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．be_compared_with与……相比
2．protect...from...保护……免受……伤害
3．be_appointed_as被委派为……
4．burn_to_the_ground全部焚毁
5．be_about_to_do_sth.即将做某事；马上就要做某事
6．make_one’s_way前往
7．glance_through匆匆看一遍
8．vary_from...to...由……到……不等
9．give_birth_to生产；产生
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．However_weak_we_are，we are not completely powerless.
无论我们多么脆弱，我们不是一点力量都没有的。
2．Having_collected_and_evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.
收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少。
3．I was_about_to_go_back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
4．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this_being_my_first_experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.
另外两人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
5．It_is_said_that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服能力。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Compared(compare) with natural forces，humans are sometimes weak.
2．All the children listened to his adventures(adventure) in the mountains.
3．Unfortunately(unfortunate)，in spite of great efforts we made，we failed to carry out our project.
4．The excited look on his face showed the news was very exciting(excite)．
5．“How long am I going to stay？” she whispered anxiously(anxious)．
6．The view from the top of the mountain was most impressive(impress)．
7．They had a long discussion(discuss) about the problem.
8．Tianshan is home to a great diversity(diverse) of plants and animals.
1 alive adj.活着；有生气；意识到
be alive to意识到
come alive生动起来；热闹起来；有精神起来
be buried alive活埋
keep sth.alive保持……；让……活着
She does not know whether he is alive or dead.
她不知道他是生是死。
Our relationship made me feel more alive.
我们的关系使我感到更有活力。
词义辨析　alive，living，live，lively
(1)alive作表语、后置定语或宾补，既可指人，也可指物，指相对死亡而言的，不可用very修饰，应用much或very much。
(2)living作表语或定语，修饰有生命的人或物，指“某某时候是活着的”。
(3)live作定语，意为“活的；现场直播的”，多修饰物。
(4)lively作定语或表语，意为“活泼的；活跃的；热闹的”，可指人或物。
夯实基础
用alive，living，live，lively填空
(1)He is regarded as one of the best living writers at present.
(2)Let’s keep the fish alive.
(3)They are having a lively discussion.
(4)Have you seen a live whale
2 appoint vt.任命；委任 choose sb. for ；安排，确定 时间、地点 arrange；decide on
appoint sb. as/to be...任命某人为……
appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事
by appointment 按照约定
have an appointment with sb.与某人有约
make an appointment with sb.与某人预约/约会
They appointed him (as) captain of the English team.
他们任命他为英格兰队队长。
Could I change my appointment from one to two
我能不能把一点的约会改到两点？
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)I’ve been_appointed_to run the overseas section.
我被指派经营海外部。
(2)I have made_an_appointment_with Doctor Smith.
我已经和史密斯医生约好了。
3 evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计
evaluate sb./sth.评估/评价某人/某事
evaluate value/importance/quality评估价值/重要性/质量
evaluation n．评估；评价
We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.
我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评价。
夯实基础
(1)用evaluate的适当形式填空
①Evaluation is standard practice for all training arranged through the school.
②“You need humility when evaluating the impact of globalization，” he says.
(2)翻译句子
①市场状况难以评估。
The_market_situation_is_difficult_to_evaluate.
②他们对产品作了抽样以备评估。
They_took_some_samples_of_products_for_evaluation.
4 suit v.适合； 使 适宜 be right for ；n.诉讼；恳求；套装 a set of clothes
suit sth.to sb.使某物适合某人
suit one’s needs适合某人的需要
be suited to/for适合于……；适宜于……
be suitable for适合于……
be suitable to do sth.适合做……
a suit of clothes一套衣服
That color doesn’t suit her.那种颜色不适合她。
He can suit his conversation to whoever he’s with.
无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块。
词义辨析　match，suit，fit
(1)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
(2)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等。
(3)fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。
夯实基础
用match，suit，fit的适当形式填空
The size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me.
5 anxious adj.担忧的，忧虑的；不安的；令人焦虑的 nervous；worried ；渴望的 eager
be anxious about sth.为某事忧虑，担心
be anxious for sth.渴望某事
be anxious to do...渴望做……；急于做……
with anxiety焦虑地
He is very anxious about the results of the exam.
他很担心考试的结果。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)I’m anxious for mother’s return.
(2)I am very anxious about my son’s health.
(3)He was waiting with anxiety.
6 guarantee vt.保证；担保 promise ；n.保证；担保；保修单
guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事
guarantee to do sth.保证去做某事
be guaranteed to do...肯定会……
under guarantee在保修期内
give sb.a guarantee that...向某人担保……
All students are guaranteed campus accommodation for their first year.
保证安排所有的学生第一年在校内住宿。
Even if you complete your training，I can’t guarantee you a job.
即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)My watch is still under_guarantee(在保修期内)．
(2)Under exceptional conditions，the method is_guaranteed_to_succeed(肯定会成功)．
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．It wasn’t a recorded show；it was ________.
A．living B．lively C．alive D．live
答案　D
解析　句意为：它不是录制节目，而是现场直播。live现场的，直播的，符合句意。
2．They appointed him ________ Ambassador ________ the United Nation.
A．to be；of B．as；to C．to；in D．to；to
答案　A
解析　第一个空可为to be或as；但第二个空必须是of，意为“联合国大使”，应为所属关系。故选A项。
3．Before he got the project started，I asked for a(n) ________ of the cost of doing so.
A．permission B．announcement
C．evaluation D．explanation
答案　C
解析　句意为：在他开始工程之前，我要求对费用进行评估。evaluation评估，符合句意。
4．The color and style ________ me but the size doesn’t ________ me.
A．fit；suit B．suit；fit C．fit；fit D．suit；suit
答案　B
解析　“花色、款式”适合应用suit；“尺寸、大小”适合应用fit。
5．—My teacher told me that we should consider how to solve some ________ problems first before we take action.
—I quite agree with him.
A．precious B．absolute C．anxious D．potential
答案　D
解析　考查形容词辨析。句意为：——我的老师告诉我，在采取行动之前，我们首先应考虑怎样解决一些潜在的问题。——我非常同意他的观点。precious贵重的，珍贵的；absolute绝对的，完全的；anxious忧虑的，不安的；potential可能的，潜在的。根据句意选D项。
6．He was frightened to ________on seeing the wolf.
A．tremble B．shake C．guarantee D．panic
答案　A
解析　句意为：他一看到狼就吓得发抖。tremble颤抖，符合句意。
7．The parents will be ________ unless they know that their children are safe and sound.
A．eager B．nervous
C．anxious D．conscious
答案　C
解析　句意为：除非父母知道孩子们安然无恙，否则他们会担心。anxious担心的，符合题意。eager渴望的，热切的；nervous紧张的；conscious意识到的。
8.Can you ________ me a job when I get there？You know，I have to work in order to pay for my schooling.
A．apply B．arrange
C．provide D．guarantee
答案　D
解析　根据本题中的“I have to work in order to pay for my schooling”可知，说话者必须支付学费，在这种情况下，其最想问的应当是能不能保证给他找到一个工作，所以D项最符合题意。guarantee sb.sth.向某人保证某事。
9．When________thief caught sight of a policeman in the street，he got into________panic.
A．the；a B．the；/ C．a；the D．a；/
答案　A
解析　句意为：当那个小偷看见街上有个警察时，他陷入了恐慌。thief在句中表特指，故第一空用the；get into a panic陷入恐慌，是固定短语。故答案为A项。
10．I would like to speak for our group to express our________for your valuable help.
A．agreement B．attention
C．appreciation D．anxiety
答案　C
解析　考查名词辨析。句意为：我代表我们小组对您宝贵的帮助表示感谢。appreciation欣赏，感激，感谢，符合句意。agreement同意，一致；attention注意，专心；anxiety担心，焦虑，渴望。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．对学生来说，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。(suit) (2011·四川·书面表达)
To students, you’d better choose the activities which interest you and suit you.
2．让你感到困惑的问题实际上也是困惑着很多中国父母的问题。(actually)
(2011·陕西·书面表达)
What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China.
3．我被告知学习中心给学生提供帮助，现在我急于获得你们的帮助。(anxious)
(2011·新课标全国 Ⅰ·书面表达)
I_was_told_the_Learning_Center_provides_help_for_students_and_I’m_anxious_to_get_help_from_you.
4．我被任命负责安排那天的所有活动。(appoint)(2011·天津·书面表达)
I_was_appointed_to_take_charge_of_arranging_all_the_activities_on_that_day.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Nowadays many young couples have volunteered to give_birth_to only one child.
2．Women make_up over 65 percent of the workforce in that country.
3．He carelessly glanced_through the notice on the bulletin board and went away.
4．She said she picked_up some Japanese while she was in Japan for a visit.
5．Zhongguancun is_home_to the Chinese Academy of Science and more than ten famous universities.
1 burn to the ground全部焚毁
burn to death烧死
burn up烧得更旺；烧掉；发烧
burn down把……烧毁； 火势 减弱
get burned烧伤；烫伤；晒黑
The house was burnt to the ground by people.
那所房子被人们彻底烧毁了。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)Ten people burned_to_death(被烧死) in the hotel.
(2)His house was_burnt_to_the_ground(被烧毁) due to the big fire，which made him homeless.
2 make one’s way前往；到……地方去 head for ； 在事业上 有所起步
make one’s way to朝……走去
feel one’s way摸索着前进
lose one’s way迷路
push one’s way推着前进
fight one’s way奋斗着前进
wind one’s way蜿蜒前进
force one’s way挤出去
We made our way directly to the recreation room.
我们直接向娱乐室走去。
They made their way through the crowd.
他们从人群中挤了过去。
夯实基础
用fight，force，wind，feel的适当形式填空
(1)There was no light，so we had to feel our way in the dark.
(2)She gradually fought her way to the top of the company.
(3)Try and force your way through the crowd.
(4)The bus is winding its way up the mountain.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Don’t be exposed to the sun for so long，or you might get ________.
A．burning B．burned
C．to burn D．being burnt
答案　B
解析　句意为：不要在阳光下呆的太久，否则的话你会被晒黑的。get burned被晒黑。
2．If you want to ________ in the world，you must learn to work hard while you are still young.
A．make much of yourself
B．make the way out
C．make you out
D．make your way
答案　D
解析　根据语境应是“如果你想成功”，故选D项。make one’s way除了可表示“到(某地)，(向某地)走去”之外，还可表示“成功；有出息”。make much of sb./sth.重视；make sth.out看清，辨认清楚；make sb.out看透，弄懂某人。
3．I kept silent in the backseat of the car as we made our ________ to Grandma’s.
A．decision B．way
C．plan D．path
答案　B
解析　make one’s way to前往……。
4．After a successful operation，Catherine is beginning to________ and will soon come back to school.
A．pick up B．wake up
C．grow up D．show up
答案　A
解析　句意为：手术成功后，Catherine正慢慢康复，将很快重返校园。pick up恢复，好起来，符合句意。wake up唤醒；grow up长大，成熟；show up出现，变得明显。
Ⅱ.汉译英
那房子在1895年烧毁了。(burn down)
The_house_(was)_burned_down_in_1895.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．It_being_fine_yesterday(因为昨天天气很好)，we climbed the hill.
2．We waited for the news with a_growing_sense_of_anxiety(越来越焦急)．
3．The crowd panicked_at_the_sound_of_the_guns(听到枪声惊慌失措)．
4．The smoke finds_its_way_out_of(飞出了) the cave.
5．For_various_reasons(因种种原因)，he didn’t attend the meeting.
It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。
It is said that...据说……
It is thought that...大家认为……
It is believed that...人们相信……
It is hoped that...人们希望……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is well known that...众所周知……
It is supposed that...据说……
It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
经常听人说人类天生就有说话的能力。
特别提醒
上述结构可改为sb./sth.be said/thought/believed/hoped...to do/to be doing/to have done，根据动词不定式和said动作之间的时间关系来断定使用不定式的一般式、进行式还是完成式。
夯实基础
同义句改写(用he作主语改写下列句子)
(1)It is supposed that he is working in that big company.
He_is_supposed_to_be_working_in_that_big_company.
(2)It is said that he has written a new book about workers.
He_is_said_to_have_written_a_new_book_about_workers.
(3)It is thought that he often helps the people in need.
He_is_often_thought_to_help_people_in_need.
用动词的 ing形式改写下列句子
(1)As I came out of my house，I saw the volcano erupting.
→Coming_out_of_my_house，I saw the volcano erupting.
(2)When she woke up in the middle of the night，she saw her room was as bright as day.
→Waking_up_in_the_middle_of_the_night，she saw her room was as bright as day.
(3)She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.
→She sat at the desk reading_a_newspaper.
(4)As I had never seen a volcano erupting before，I was very excited.
→Never_having_seen_a_volcano_erupting_before，I was very excited.
(5)It rained heavily so that it caused severe flooding in the area.
→It rained heavily，causing_severe_flooding_in_the_area.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．AIDS is said ________ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.
A．that it is B．to be
C．that it has been D．to have been
答案　D
解析　It is said that从句可转为sb./sth.be said to do/to be doing/to have done的形式。由此可排除A、C两项；由句子中的时间状语over the past few years可知要用完成时，所以排除B项。
2．I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ________ I heard the steps.
A．while B．when C．since D．after
答案　B
解析　句意为：我刚从浴室出来，正忙着用毛巾擦干自己，这时我听到了脚步声。此题考查．..be doing...when...“正在做……这时……”。
3．I’ll spend half of my holiday practising English and________half learning drawing.
A．another B．the other C．other’s D．other
答案　B
解析　句意为：我将用假期的一半时间来练习英语，用另一半时间学习绘画。another指不定数目中的另一个；other作代词用时，除习惯用语外，一般不单独使用，但others可单独使用；other’s本身形式不对；the other指两个人或两个事物中的另一个，复数形式指其余的人或事物。
4．The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons________for the day.
A．finishing B．finished
C．had finished D．were finished
答案　B
解析　考查独立主格结构。their lessons和finish之间是被动、完成关系，故用过去分词finished。
5．Linda acts as if she were the boss，________people around.
A．ordered B．ordering
C．to order D．having ordered
答案　B
解析　考查非谓语动词。本句的后半句中应用现在分词短语作状语，Linda和order之间是主谓关系，并且order和谓语动词act之间没有先后关系，因此排除D项选B项。
Ⅱ.汉译英
据报道约翰是这个学校最好的老师之一。(It is reported that...)
It_is_reported_that_John_is_one_of_the_best_teachers_in_the_school.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．I have an appointment ________ Dr.Smith，but I need to change it. (2013·北京，26)
A．to B．off C．with D．from
答案　C
解析　考查介词用法。句意为：我与史密斯博士有约，但我需要做出调整。have an appointment with...与……有约，为固定搭配。
2．Pressed from his parents，and ________ that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games. (2012·福建，34)
A．realizing B．realized
C．to realize D．being realized
答案　A
解析　分析句子结构可判断，and在句中连接了两个并列的表示原因的状语，即Pressed from his parents和________that he has wasted too much time，它们的逻辑主语都是句子的主语the boy，而the boy和realize之间构成了逻辑上的主谓关系，故用realize的现在分词形式作状语，表示原因。B项为被动形式；C项为动词不定式，表示动作还未发生；D项为现在分词的被动式，均不符合句意。
3．Sit down，Emma.You will only make yourself more tired，________ on your feet.
(2011·北京，33)
A．to keep B．keeping
C．having kept D．to have kept
答案　B
解析　句意为：埃玛，坐下。一直站立着，你将只会使你自己更加疲劳。从题干中可知，这里是非谓语动词用作条件状语。keeping on your feet＝if you keep on your feet；having kept表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，不符合语境，故排除C项。动词不定式不能作条件状语，故排除A、D两项。选项B正确。
4．“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！” the mother shouted，with ________ clearly in her voice. (2011·湖北，21)
A．anger B．rudeness
C．regret D．panic
答案　D
解析　句意为：“Tommy，快跑！快点！房子着火了！”母亲大声喊着，声音中明显透着恐慌。anger生气；rudeness粗鲁；regret后悔；panic恐慌。根据句意可知应选D项。