人教新课标高考英语一轮复习选修7 Unit 3 Under the sea

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．pause /p z/ vi.& n．暂停；中止
2．witness /′wItnIs/ vt.当场见到；目击；n.目击者；证人；证据
3．flee /fli / vi.(fled，fled)逃避；逃跑；vt.逃离
4．drag /dr ɡ/ vt.拖；拉；扯
5．tasty /′teIstI/ adj.好吃的；可口的
6．shallow /′ l / adj.浅的；肤浅的；浅显的
7．boundary /′ba nd rI/ n．界限；分界线
8．awesome /′ s m/ adj.使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的
9．teamwork /′ti mw k/ n．协作；配合
10．dive /daIv/ vi.& n．跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲
11．target /′tɑ ɡIt/ n．目标；靶；受批评的对象
12．vivid /′vIvId/ adj.生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的
13．sharp / ɑ p/ adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的
14．shore / / n．岸；海滨→offshore adv.& adj.近海(的)；离岸(的)
15．annual /′ nj l/ adj.每年的；按年度计算的；n.年刊；年鉴→annually adv.年度地；每年地
16．opposite /′ p zIt/ prep.在……对面；adj.相对的；相反的→opposition n．反对，敌对；抵抗
17．depth /depθ/ n．深(度)；深处→deep adj.深的；深刻的→deeply adv.深深地；强烈地；非常地
18．urge / d / vt.催促；极力主张；驱策→urgency n．紧急；迫切→urgent adj.急迫的；迫切的，紧急的
19．abandon / ′b nd n/ vt.放弃；抛弃；遗弃→abandoned adj.放纵的；堕落的→abandonment n．放弃
20．relationship /rI′leI n Ip/ n．关系；血缘关系；交往→relation n．关系；关联→relative adj.与……有关系的；相对的
21．conservation / k ns ′veI n/ n．保护；保存→conserve vt.保存；保护
22．reflect /rI′flekt/ vt.思考；映射；反射；vi.思考→reflection n．反射；回响
23．aware / ′we / adj.意识到的；知道的→awareness n．觉察；自觉；觉悟
24．neat /ni t/ adj.好的；整齐的；匀称的→neatly adv.整洁地；干净地
25．narrow /′n r / adj.狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的→narrowly adv.仅仅；勉强地
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．upside_down上下翻转
2．help_(...)_out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
3．be/become_aware_of对……知道、明白；意识到……
4．(be)_scared_to_death吓死了
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．It_was_a_time_when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
2．This was the call that announced there_was_about_to_be_a_whale_hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始。
3．As we drew closer，I could see_a_whale_being_attacked by a pack of about six other killers.
随着我们的逼近，我能看见一条鲸鱼正在被其他6条虎鲸袭击。
4．The sea was rough that day and it_was_difficult_to_handle the boat.
那天海面上风大浪高，很难操纵船只。
5．It_took_over_half_an_hour_to_get the boat back to James，...
我们花了半个多小时才把船调过头来，回到詹姆斯落水的地方，……
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．The final score of the basketball match was 93 94.We were narrowly(narrow) beaten.
2．The meeting aimed at strengthening safety awareness(aware) of the employees.
3．The report called for urgent(urge) action to reduce lead(铅) in petrol.
4．Congress continues to oppose(opposite) the President’s healthcare budget.
5．The island is used to accommodate(accommodation) child refugees.
6．People need to realize the depth(deep) of the problem.
7．Some birds have a highly developed sense of taste(tasty)．
8．Can you see your reflection(reflect) in the glass
1 witness v.当场看到，目击；见证 see sth. happen ；为……的证据；n.目击者；证人 a person who sees sth. happen ；证据 evidence
ness to doing...为……作证；出庭证明；证实
a witness to...……的证人 证据
bear/give witness to/against为……作证；证明
a witness for作证，为……辩护
Police are appealing to any driver who may have witnessed the accident.
警方正呼吁曾目睹这事故的司机协助。
No witnesses have come forward.
没有目击证人站出来。
夯实基础
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
He witnessed to having_seen(see) the man enter the room.
(2)翻译句子
①他亲眼目睹了那场战斗。
He_witnessed_the_battle.
②一位证人声称见过这枝枪。
One_witness_claimed_to_have_seen_the_gun.
2 urge v.催促；力劝 persuade ；竭力主张 recommend ；驱赶；鞭策 force ；n.强烈的欲望，冲动 desire
urge sb.to do...催促某人做……
It is/was urged that... should do...有人主张……
have an urge to do...渴望做……
urgent adj.紧急的
urgency n.紧急的事
They urged parliament to approve plans for their reform programme.他们敦促议会批准他们的改革方案。
He had an urge to open a shop of his own.
他很想自己开一家店。
夯实基础
用urge的适当形式填空
(1)There is an urgent need for food and water.
(2)The urgency of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in medical science.
3 abandon v.放弃 stop doing ；遗弃，抛弃 leave ；沉湎于；n.放任；放纵 an uncontrolled way of behaving
abandon oneself to...纵情；沉溺于……
abandon sth.to sb.把某事遗弃给某人
abandon doing...放弃做……
with abandon放纵地；尽情地
abandoned adj.被抛弃的；废弃的
an abandoned child弃儿
The authorities have abandoned any attempt to distribute food.当局中止了分发食物的尝试。
We are scared to abandon ourselves to our feelings in case we seem weak or out of control.
我们不敢放纵自己的情感，以免显得太过软弱或缺乏自制。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)Soon they reached an abandoned(abandon) building，where there once lived an old monk.
(2)My doctor advised me to abandon smoking(smoke)．
4 reflect v.映射；反射；仔细思考
reflect on/upon思考某事
reflect well/badly on sb./sth.使给人以好的/坏的印象
reflection n．映像；反射；思考；深思
be lost in reflection陷入深思中
His face was reflected in the mirror.
他的脸映照在镜子里。
The glass appears to reflect light naturally.
玻璃似乎可以自然反射光线。
图解助记
夯实基础
用reflect的适当形式填空
(1)She was left to reflect on the implications(可能的影响) of her decision.
(2)She could see her face reflected in the water.
(3)After long reflection we decided to buy that house.
5 aware adj.知道的 knowing ；意识到的；察觉到的 conscious
be/become aware of sth./that...知道；明白；意识到……
make sb.aware of sth.让某人注意到……
so/as far as I’m aware就我所知
Are you aware that you are sitting on my hat
你知道你坐在我的帽子上了吗？
So far as I’m aware，this is the first time a British rider has won the competition.
就我所知，这是英国骑师第一次赢得这项竞赛。
夯实基础
Ordinary woman though she is，she tries every means to make people ________ of the importance of the environment conservation.
A．aware B．careful
C．sensible D．awesome
答案　A
解析　make sb.aware of使某人意识到……。
6 sharp adj.锋利的；急剧的；鲜明的；敏锐的；严厉的；adv. 几点 整
have a sharp eye/ear/nose for...对……有灵敏的视/听/嗅觉
keep a sharp watch for严密监视……
at six o’clock sharp在六点整
He was rather sharp with his secretary when she got back late from lunch.
他的秘书出去吃午饭回来迟了，他对她表现得相当不客气。
Please be here at seven o’clock sharp.
请七点整到这里。
夯实基础
Many car accidents happened at this ________ turn of the road.
A．sharp B．urgent
C．immediate D．quick
答案　A
解析　英文的sharp有很多中文的“尖锐”没有的含义，如本句的急转弯，用sharp，而不用urgent。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Many people ________ the car accident，so it was not difficult to investigate.
A．witnessed B．harnessed
C．swallowed D．drugged
答案　A
解析　句意为：许多人看到了那起车祸，所以不难调查。witness目睹，符合句意。 harness治理；swallow淹没，吞下；drug使服毒品，均不合题意。
2．The new apartment is large enough to ________ over two hundred people.
A．provide B．accommodate
C．contain D．treat
答案　B
解析　句意为：这所新公寓足够大能容纳200多人。accommodate容纳，符合题意。
3．If he fails again，he will ________ us all ________ with him.
A．drag；down B．drag；in
C．drag；out D．drag；up
答案　A
解析　句意为：如果他再次失败，他会使我们大家连同他一起毁掉。drag down此处意为“使社会地位下降”。
4．They urged that the library ________ open during the vacation.
A．must be kept B．is kept
C．would be kept D．be kept
答案　D
解析　urge后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气，即(should＋) do。故选D项。
5．The lost car of the Les was found ________ in the woods off the highway.
A．abolished B．abandoned
C．deserted D．rejected
答案　B
解析　句意为：莱斯丢失的车被发现遗弃在远离公路的树林里。abandon遗弃，符合句意。
6．The likely reactions of the market need to be ________ before we act.
A．considered on B．based on
C．relied on D．reflected on
答案　D
解析　句意为：在我们采取行动前要仔细考虑市场上可能出现的反应。reflect on/upon仔细考虑，沉思，符合句意。
7．She slipped away without him being ________ of it.
A．possible B．aware
C．casual D．visual
答案　B
解析　句意为：她悄悄离开，没有让他发觉。(be) aware of意识到，符合题意。
8．There is a ________ increase in the number of the cars in my neighborhood.
A．sharp B．quick
C．aware D．slow
答案　A
解析　句意为：小区里汽车的数量急剧上升。sharp急剧的，符合句意。
9．Seeing the ________ flood，the woman doctor was ________ to take the small boat.
A．scaring；scaring B．scared；scared
C．scaring；scared D．scared；scaring
答案　C
解析　句意为：看到令人害怕的洪水，那位女医生不敢乘坐小船。scaring令人害怕的；be scared to do sth.不敢做某事。
Ⅱ.汉译英
1．我还需要反思我的粗心。(reflect) (2012·湖南·书面表达)
I_also_need_to_reflect_on_my_carelessness._
2．多年的学校生活让我明白了很多事情，其中团队合作对我来说最重要。(teamwork) (2011·湖北·短文写作)
Years_of_school_life_has_taught_me_a_lot_of_things,_of_which_teamwork_is_the_most_important_for_me.
3．总之，全世界的人们应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。(aware)(2010·福建·书面表达)
In_conclusion，people_around_the_world_should_be_aware_of_the_real_situation_of_
water_shortage.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
reflect on　be aware of　be about to　in the meantime,upside down
1．He said that the manager had already been_aware_of the problem.
2．You have hung that picture upside_down.Look，the clouds are at the bottom.
3．He reflected_on the likely result of this action.
4．The manager has gone abroad for a two weeks’ meeting；in_the_meantime Mr.Wang has been in charge of the company.
5．I was_about_to go out when suddenly it began to rain.
1 call out大声叫喊；出动；召集
call on/upon sb.to do...恳求某人做……
call sb.up给某人打电话；征召某人入伍
call sth.up回忆起；使想起
call at拜访 某地
call on 拜访 某人 ,call off取消
call for呼吁；要求
The injured soldiers called out in pain.
受伤的士兵疼得大叫。
Why didn’t you come when I called out your name
我喊你名字的时候，你为什么不来？
夯实基础
用call短语的适当形式填空
(1)Their recent protest was called_off on account of tightened security.
(2)This work called_for more care and patience.
(3)I was called_up three months after the war broke out.
(4)He called_at her house but was refused admittance.
2 help...out帮助 某人 摆脱困境或危难)
help oneself to...自用/自取所需 食物等
can’t help/choose but do...不得不做……
can’t help doing...情不自禁做……
can’t help to do...帮不上忙做……
I can’t help it.没有办法
All these presents came to more money than I had，and my mother had to help me out.
我的钱不够买所有这些礼物，我母亲只好借给了我一些钱。
He thought you’d been brought in from Toronto to help out the local police.
他认为你是从多伦多调过来协助当地警方工作的。
夯实基础
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)You can’t help but start(start) moving when you hear this song.
(2)I can’t help to_clean(clean) the room，because I have to do my homework.
(3)I think everybody can’t help laughing(laugh) if they see it.
3 be scared to death吓死了，吓得要死
scared adj.害怕的；吓坏了的
be scared of害怕……
be scared to do...不敢做……
be scared stiff at sth. 被吓呆了的
scare v.使恐惧；受惊吓；n.惊恐，惊吓
scare sb.into/out of doing...恐吓某人做/不做……
scare...away/off把……吓跑
give sb.a scare吓某人一跳
What scares me most is that I’m going to end up not being married.
最让我担心的是我会一辈子嫁不出去。
We got a bit of scare.我们受了点惊吓。
夯实基础
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.
(2)We lit fires to scare away the wolves.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The beautiful scenery ________ my sweet memories.
A．called up B．called out
C．called on D．called in
答案　A
解析　call up使想起，符合句意。
2．While shopping，people sometimes can’t help ________ into buying something they don’t really need.
A．to persuade B．persuading
C．being persuaded D．be persuaded
答案　C
解析　can’t help doing...情不自禁地做……；persuade和主语之间为动宾关系，故用being persuaded形式。
3．He was ________ to death on seeing the frightening scene.
A．scared B．scaring
C．scare D．to scare
答案　A
解析　考查固定短语。be scared to death吓死了，吓得要死。
4．We are now enjoying the cool air in the room.________，the farmers are harvesting crops in the hot sun.
A．Therefore B．Besides
C．As a result D．In the meantime
答案　D
解析　题中前后两句表达不同的意思，没有因果关系，故可排除A、C两项。第二句话也不是对第一句话的补充，故可排除B项。in the meantime与此同时，符合题意。
5．Do you know how much time and effort they devoted________such a complicated project
A．to complete B．completed
C．completing D．to completing
答案　D
解析　句意为：你知道他们在这么复杂的工程上付出了多少时间和努力吗？devote...to...意思是“把……致力于……”，to是介词。
6．—I’m dead tired. I can’t walk any farther, Jenny.
—________，Tommy. You can do it!
A．No problem B．No hurry
C．Come on D．That’s OK
答案　C
解析　Come on.“加油”表示激励。No problem. 没问题；No hurry.别着急；That’s OK.没关系。
Ⅱ.汉译英
我一直怕狗。(be scared of)
I_have_always_been_scared_of_dogs.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Jack’s_not_getting_to_the_station_on_time(杰克没准时到车站) made all of us worried.
2．It_was_a_time_when(那段时间) no one could understand my plan and ambition.
3．Do you mind Jack(’s)_leaving_now(杰克现在离开)
4．When I was a child，I used to watch_bicycles_being_repaired(观看修理自行车)．
5．Don’t go out now；we are_about_to_have_supper(马上就要吃晚饭了)．
1 It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期，虎鲸 当时被称为“杀手” 帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
a time表示“一段时间”，相当于a period of time，后接when引导的定语从句。
It/This/That/There was a time when...曾经一度 那时
I still remember a time when I lived in Germany.
我仍记得在德国住过的那一段时间。
It was a time when motorcars were rare.
那时汽车是很罕见的。
夯实基础
翻译句子
(1)她曾经一度无法忍受病痛，想结束自己的生命。
It_was_a_time_when_she_could_not_bear_the_pain_and_wanted_to_kill_herself.
(2)他那时梦想着做一名宇航员。
It_was_a_time_when_he_dreamed_of_being_an_astronaut.
2 It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James，...我们花了半个多小时才把船调转过头来，回到詹姆斯落水的地方，……
It takes/took sb. some time to do...花了 某人 多少时间做……
表达“花费”的其他句型：
1 sb.＋spend...on sth./in doing...
2 sth.＋cost sb....
3 sb.＋pay...for sth.
4 sb.＋buy...for＋钱
It took me years to get back on my feet.
我花了好几年才重新找到自己。
It’s going to cost me over $100,000 to buy new trucks.
买几辆新卡车将花掉我10万多美元。
夯实基础
选词填空　
(1)It takes the boy most of his free time to learn drawing.
(2)I spent $120 on the books.
(3)She pays ￡200 a week for this apartment.
(4)Good words cost nothing，but are worth much.
(5)He bought the bag for ten dollars.
3 The fish didn’t seem to mind me swimming among them.我在这些鱼中间游泳，它们似乎并不在意。
mind表示“介意，反对”，常用于下列句型：
Would/Do you mind doing...？请你做……好吗？
Would/Do you mind one’s doing...？某人做……你反对吗？
Would you mind if...did...？某人做……你介意吗？
Do you mind if...do...？某人做……你介意吗？
应注意该句型的答语：表示不介意多使用：Of course not./Certainly not./No，not at all./No.Go ahead./No，please do./No，I don’t.；如果表示介意、反对，常用下列说法回答：I’m sorry，you’d better not./I’m sorry，it’s not allowed./Sorry，but I do.。
Do you mind if I use your phone
介意我用一下你的电话吗？
Would you mind if I went ahead of you
你介意我走在你前头吗？
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
Do you mind me using your pen？(改为复合句)
Do_you_mind_if_I_use_your_pen
(2)翻译句子
①我抽烟你反对吗？
Do/Would_you_mind_my_smoking
②请你把窗子打开好吗？
Do/Would_you_mind_opening_the_window
用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)I heard an English song being_sung(sing) by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday.
(2)Afraid of being_attacked(attack) by sharks，people dare not go swimming in the sea.
(3)The question being_discussed(discuss) at present has something important to do with nature.
(4)Having_been_told(tell) many times，he still made the same mistake.
(5)Being kept(keep) waiting made Bill so angry.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．There was ________ time ________ I lived on the farm happily.
A．a；that B．a；when
C．/；when D．/；that
答案　B
解析　考查固定句型：There was a time when...。
2．—Would you mind if I opened the door
—________.It’s a bit cold.
A．I’d rather you didn’t B．Of course not
C．Not at all D．I’d rather you don’t
答案　A
解析　由It’s a bit cold可知，应是“介意”，故选A项，“我宁愿你不开门”。
3．Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing...but we seem________the art of communicating face to face.
A．losing B．to be losing
C．to be lost D．having lost
答案　B
解析　考查seem的用法。seem to do为固定用法，这里表示的是正在进行的动作，所以用seem to be doing。
4．________by the whole class for what he did wrong，Tony finally cheered up.
A．Being forgiven B．To forgive
C．Having forgiven D．Having been forgiven
答案　D
解析　句意为：他做的错事得到了全班同学的原谅，所以托尼最终高兴了起来。因为Tony与forgive之间为被动关系，故用被动形式，又因为forgive表示的动作发生在cheer up之前，故用完成式。
5．________into a famous university made his parents happy.
A．Tom was admitted B．Tom be admitted
C．If Tom was admitted D．Tom’s being admitted
答案　D
解析　句意为：汤姆被一所著名大学录取，这使他父
母非常高兴。此处为动名词作主语，Tom与admit之间为被动关系，故选D项。
Ⅱ.汉译英
我花了20分钟才找到邮局。(It takes sb.some time to do...)
It_took_me_20_minutes_to_find_the_post_office.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Try not to cough more than you can________since it may cause problems to your lungs.
(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ，23)
A．check B．allow
C．stop D．help
答案　D
解析　考查动词辨析。句意为：尽量不要咳嗽除非忍不住，因为那样会给你的肺带来问题。help在这里不表示“帮助”，而是表示“control it or stop it happening”。more than you can help除非忍不住，尽量控制……。check核查；allow允许；stop停止。
2．On Monday mornings it usually ________ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles. (2013·陕西，11)
A．takes B．is taking
C．took D．will take
答案　A
解析　句意为：我通常在周一早上要开一个小时的车去上班，尽管实际上只有二十英里的路程。由usually可知应用一般现在时。
3．—Would you mind answering some questions on shopping habits
—________. (2013·福建，33)
A．Yes，with great pleasure
B．No，I am afraid I can’t make it
C．Yes，it is worth the time
D．No，as long as it doesn’t take long
答案　D
解析　问句句意为：你介意回答关于购物习惯的一些问题吗？A项意为“介意，非常高兴”，前后矛盾；B项意为“不介意，我害怕不能成功”；C项意为“介意，它是值得花时间的”；D项意为“不介意，只要不花很长时间”。由问句可知，只有D项符合语境。
4．________ to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film. (2012·重庆，23)
A．Having been asked B．To ask
C．Having asked D．To be asked
答案　A
解析　句意为：那天晚上被要求加班，我错过了一场好电影。分析题意可知说话者是被要求加班的，需用被动结构，故可排除表主动的B、C两项；D项to be asked表“将被要求”，不合句意。只有A项表示“已被要求”。
5．Parents and children should communicate more to________the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. (2012·天津，13)
A．open B．narrow C．widen D．leave
答案　B
解析　open开(放)；narrow使变狭窄，缩小；widen使变宽，拓宽；leave离开。根据句意“父母和孩子应该多沟通交流，消除彼此之间的代沟，以便能够更好地理解彼此。”可知答案为B项。
6．Nowadays，there is a________increase in children’s creativity，for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents. (2011·福建，30)
A．sharp B．slight C．natural D．modest
答案　A
解析　句意为：现在，孩子的创造力剧增，因为我们都非常鼓励他们发展自己的天赋。sharp急剧的；slight稍微的，极小的；natural自然的；modest谦逊的。由语境greatly encouraged(极力被鼓励)可知应是a sharp increase in children’s creativity(孩子创造力的剧增)，故A项正确。
7．Just as the clothes a person wears，the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time，his house________his personality. (2010·湖北，28)
A．resembles B．strengthens
C．reflects D．shapes
答案　C
解析　句意为：对于一个人来说，就像他的穿衣、吃饭以及与之度过时光的朋友一样，他的房子代表了他的个性。resemble类似，像，强调外形的“像”；strengthen加强，巩固；reflect反射，映出，反映，显示(事物的自然属性或人们的态度、情态等)；shape塑造，(使)成形。根据语境及词语的意思，reflects是最佳选项。
8．The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct________. (2010·浙江，16)
A．solution B．target
C．measure D．function
答案　A
解析　句意为：学校顾问帮助你谈透你的问题但他们不会给你任何直接的(解决问题的)办法。solution(解决问题的)办法；target目标，靶子；measure尺度；措施；function功能，作用。由语意可知，solution为最佳选项。