人教新课标高考英语一轮复习选修8 Unit 4 Pygmalion

Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．outcome /′a tk m/ n．结果；效果
2．upper /′ p / adj.(位置或地位)较高的；级别较高的
3．extraordinary /Ik′str dnrI/ adj.不同寻常的；非凡的
4．properly /′pr p lI/ adv.适当地；恰当地
5．handful /′h ndf l/ n．一把；少量
6．compromise /′k mpr maIz/ n．& vi.妥协；折中
7．overlook/ v ′l k/ vt.俯视；忽视；不理会
8．classic /′kl sIk/ adj.经典的；第一流的；n.经典著作
9．troublesome /′tr bls m/ adj.带来麻烦的；使人心烦的
10．brilliant /′brIlI nt/ adj.光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的
11．remark /rI′mɑ k/ n．谈论；言论；评述；vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起
12．condemn /k n′dem/ vt.谴责；使……注定
13．authentic / ′θentIk/ adj.真实的；真正的；可信的；可靠的
14．status /′steIt s/ n．身份；地位；职位
15．superior /su ′pI rI / adj.优秀的；较高的；上级的；n.上级；长官
16．antique / n′ti k/ adj.古时的；(因古老、稀少而)珍贵的；n.文物；古董；古玩
17．musical /′mju zIkl/ adj.音乐的；喜爱音乐的；n.音乐喜剧
18．fade /feId/ vi.& vt.(使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失
19．adaptation / d p′teI n/ n．适应(性)；改编本
20．hesitate /′hezIteIt/ vi.犹豫；踌躇→hesitation n．犹豫；踌躇
21．uncomfortable / n′k mft b l/ adj.不舒服的；不安的；不自在的→uncomfortably adv.不舒服地；不自在地→comfort n．舒适，舒服；vt.安慰
22．mistaken /mIs′teIk n/ adj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的→mistake n．错误；vt.误解；弄错
23．betray /bI′treI/ vt.显露出(本来面目)；背叛→betrayal n．背叛；泄露
24．acquaintance / ′kweInt ns/ n．相识；了解；熟人→acquaint vt.使认识；使了解；使熟悉
25．fortune /′f t u n/ n．机会；运气；大笔的钱→fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的→fortunately adv.幸运地；幸亏
26．disgusting /dIs′ɡ stI / adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的→disgusted adj.感到厌恶的→disgust vt.厌恶；嫌恶
27．classify /′kl sIfaI/ vt.编排；分类；归类→classification n．分类；归类
28．rob /r b/ vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺→robbery n．抢劫(行为)
29．horrible /′h r bl/ adj.可怕的；恐怖的→horror n．恐怖
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．pass...off_as...(把某人)改变或冒充成……
2．make_one’s_acquaintance结识；与……相见
3．generally_speaking一般来说
4．in_terms_of...就……来说，从……角度
5．show...in带或领……进来
6．the_other_day几天前
7．once_more再一次
8．in_need_of...需要……
9．fade_out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．While_watching，he makes notes.
他边看边做笔记。
2．What_if I was
如果我是那又怎样？
3．But，sir，(proudly)once_educated_to_speak_properly，that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party.
但是，先生，一旦被教以恰当的谈吐方式，这个女孩在三个月后就可以冒充大使花园聚会上的贵妇人。
4．Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep_in_conversation.
亨利·希金斯正与皮克林上校坐着进行深入的交谈。
5．I’d_never_have_come_if_I’d_known_about this disgusting thing you want me to do...
要是我知道你们想让我做这样令人厌恶的事情，我绝不会来……
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．This play is an adaptation(adapt) of a short novel.
2．The temple has been considered an example of classic(classical) design.
3．There is a beautiful antique(antique) screen in their living room.
4．I was late in getting to the station，but fortunately(fortune) for me the train was late，too.
5．The boy felt uncomfortable(uncomfortably) with his new classmates.
6．I would have no hesitation(hesitate) in declining the position.
7．Yesterday her old mother mistook me for her daughter.That means I was mistaken for her daughter.In fact she often makes the same mistake.(mistake)
8．It was at a wedding that I first made the acquaintance(acquaint) of him.
1 hesitate v.犹豫，迟疑不决 be slow to act or do ；顾虑；疑虑 be worried about
hesitate to do sth.迟疑做……；不愿做……
hesitate about/in/at/over doing sth. 做 某事犹豫不决
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
She hesitated a long time and then she said “Yes”．
她犹豫了很长时间，然后才说“行”。
I will not hesitate to take unpopular decisions.
我会毫不犹豫地作出并不受欢迎的决定。
夯实基础
同义句改写
I would decline the post without hesitation.(用have no hesitation in...改写句子)
I_would_have_no_hesitation_in_declining_the_post.
2 mistaken adj. 见解或判断上 错误的；不正确的
be mistaken about误解……；对……持有错误的见解
be mistaken in doing sth.做某事是错误的
mistake...for...把……错当作……
by mistake错误地；弄错
I had a mistaken view of what was happening.
我对当时发生的事情曾有一种错误的认识。
I see I was mistaken about you.
我明白我以前错怪你了。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)I think she is mistaken about you.
(2)She is mistaken in thinking that the report was written last year.
(3)I took your umbrella by mistake.
(4)I mistook you for Tom.
3 classify vt.编排；分类；归类
classify sb./sth.by/according to sth.根据……划分……
classify sb./sth.into sth.把……分为……
classify sth.as...把……归类为……
It is necessary initially to classify the headaches into certain types.
首先，必须将头痛分为几个类型。
These cows are now classified as a rare breed.
这些奶牛现在被归为稀有动物。
夯实基础
用适当的介词填空
(1)Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.
(2)Our class was then classified into four groups.
(3)In the study families are classified by their income.
4 remark n.谈论；言论；评述；v.评论；谈论；说起
make a remark on/upon/about就……发表意见
remark on/upon sth.评论/谈论某事
remark that...谈到/说起……
She has made outspoken remarks about the legalization of cannabis in Britain.
她对英国关于大麻的立法进行了大胆评论。
I remarked that I would go shopping that afternoon.
我说过我那天下午要去购物。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
Don’t remark on her appearance rudely.(用mark的名词短语改写句子)
Don’t_make_rude_remarks_on_her_appearance.
(2)翻译句子
她父亲说该走了。
Her_father_remarked_that_it_was_time_to_leave.
5 betray v.出卖；泄露；背叛；显露出 本来面目
betray a secret to sb.向某人泄露秘密
betray one’s trust辜负某人的信任
betray sb./sth. to sb. 向某人 出卖/泄漏……
betray oneself暴露本来面目，原形毕露
He betrayed the news to all his friends.
他向所有的朋友透露了这个消息。
He betrayed his country to the enemy.
他背叛祖国，向敌人投降了。
夯实基础
同义句改写
His voice betrayed the worry he was trying to hide.
(1)His_voice_let_out_the_worry_he_was_trying_to_hide.(用let out改写句子)
(2)His_voice_gave_away_the_worry_he_was_trying_to_hide.(用give away改写句子)
6 acquaintance n.认识的人；泛泛之交；熟人 a person one knows but not a close friend ； 对某事物的 了解 knowledge of
make one’s acquaintance＝make the acquaintance of sb.结识某人
have an/some acquaintance with sth.对某事有了解
have a nodding/passing acquaintance with sb./sth.与某人有点头之交；对……知之甚少
acquaint oneself with sth.使熟悉，使了解
be acquainted with了解……，认识……
I made his acquaintance/made the acquaintance of him two years ago.
我是两年前认识他的。
He was my closest acquaintance.
他是我的老相识。
夯实基础
(1)同义句改写
I’ve been acquainted with their customs.(用含有反身代词的短语改写句子)
I have acquainted myself with their customs.
(2)翻译句子
他懂一点法语。
He_has_some_acquaintance_with_French.
7 compromise n．& vi.妥协；折中
make a compromise with与……妥协
compromise with sb.on...与某人就……妥协
by compromise通过妥协
reach a compromise达成妥协
Be ready and willing to make compromises between your needs and those of your partner.
时刻准备好并乐意在自己与伴侣的需求之间作出让步。
After much argument，the judges finally compromised on the 18 year old pianist.
经过激烈争论，评委终于同意那个18岁的钢琴手获奖。
夯实基础
用合适的介词填空
(1)The dispute was settled by compromise.
(2)We managed to compromise with the seller on the price for the car.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．We are at your service.Don’t ________ to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A．beg B．hesitate
C．desire D．seek
答案　B
解析　句意为：我们愿意为您效劳。如果您还有什么问题尽管找我们。beg祈求；desire希望得到；seek to do sth.努力做某事。hesitate to do...迟疑/不情愿做……，符合句意。
2．He is ________ about what I said.
A．mistaken B．scared
C．argued D．taken
答案　A
解析　句意为：他误解了我说的话。be mistaken about误解……。
3．Patients are classified ________ three categories.
A．to B．in
C．at D．into
答案　D
解析　考查固定短语classify sb./sth.into“把……分为……”的被动形式。
4．It was the ________ he made at the conference that left me wondering about his real purpose.
A．marks B．remarks
C．symbols D．signs
答案　B
解析　句意为：他在会上作出的评论让我思考他的真实意图。remark评论，符合句意。
5．He betrayed his friends ________ the enemy，which surprised us all.
A．to B．for
C．with D．by
答案　A
解析　把……“出卖给……”，应用betray...to...结构。
6．Her lack of knowledge ________ her to do the kind of work that needs strength.
A．condemns B．makes
C．orders D．conducts
答案　A
解析　句意为：缺乏知识使她不得不做这种需要力气的活。condemn sb.to do sth.迫使某人做……。
7. We have been acquainted ________ each other for a long time.
A．over B．for
C．by D．with
答案　D
解析　be acquainted with表示“熟悉……”，为固定搭配。
8．The robber robbed ________.
A．him of his gold ring
B．his gold ring
C．his gold ring from him
D．him his gold ring
答案　A
解析　考查固定短语rob sb./sp.of sth.“抢了某人(某地)的……”。
9．We had so many disagreements，but we compromised ________ the last point.
A．at B．of
C．on D．for
答案　C
解析　compromise on就……妥协。
10．—Any good tips for me，Sir
—Never ________ your shortcomings and try to improve yourself in every way.
A．forget B．overlook
C．undertake D．mistake
答案　B
解析　答句句意为：不要忽视你的缺点并尽力在每一方面提升自己。overlook忽视，符合句意。
Ⅱ.汉译英
与此同时，我发现很难正确使用英语。(properly)(2011·山东·写作)
Meanwhile, I find it hard to use English properly.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．He looked like a farmer，but he was really a policeman in_disguise.
2．That man was arrested by the police because he passed himself off_as a doctor.
3．Generally_speaking，they might make some contributions to the struggle.
4．We should consider problems in_terms_of people’s interest.
5．Take it easy；now I will give some tablets to take_away_ the pain.
1 take for认为；以为；误以为
take sb.for把某人看作……；把某人误认为是……
take it for granted that 想当然地认 为……；认为……理所当然
take after 面貌、言行等 像……
take to喜欢；亲近
What do you take me for
你把我当什么了？
We now take it for granted that science gives us otherwise invisible worlds.
现在，我们都想当然地认为科学带给我们不一样的隐藏的世界。
夯实基础
用take短语的适当形式填空
(1)I take_it for_granted_that he will succeed.
(2)I took_to John immediately I got to know him.
(3)Jane seems to take_after her grandmother more than her mother.
2 hand over把……移交；交出
hand down传给 后代 ；把某事物传下去；正式宣布
hand in上交
hand out颁发；分发；施舍
hand on传递下去
at hand 时间或空间上 尽在手边，在附近，即将到来 常与close，near等连用
on hand在近处 的 ，现有 的 ，在手头
He also handed over a letter of apology from the Prime Minister.
他还递交了一封首相写的道歉信。
They would just catch the robbers and hand them over to the police.
他们会抓住抢劫犯，并把他们交给警方。
夯实基础
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)I wouldn’t dare hand this project over to anyone else.
(2)We have plenty of bread on hand so we can make sandwiches.
(3)He handed out the books to everyone in the class.
3 pass...off as... 把某人 改变或冒充成……
pass away消失；去世
pass by 时间 流逝
pass...down to sb.把……传给……；把……往下传
pass through经历；体验
She passed herself off as an experienced actress.
她冒充有经验的演员。
He passed himself off as a senior psychologist.
他冒充成资深心理学家。
夯实基础
选词填空　
(1)She passed_away peacefully in her sleep at the age of 96.
(2)Old people pass_down tradition to the younger generation.
(3)Ten years passed_by before I knew it.
4 in terms of就……来说；从……角度
in the long/short term从长远/短期来看
in one’s terms在某人看来；根据某人的观点
be on good/bad terms with与……关系好/坏
come to terms with达成协议；和好；接受
on equal terms在平等的条件下
Sometimes the whole is best understood in terms of the whole.
有些时候，按照整体来理解整体是最好的方法。
In terms of living standards，the country has a long way to go.
就生活水平而言，中国还有很长的路要走。
夯实基础
完成句子
(1)We are on_good_terms_with(和……关系很好) all our neighbors.
(2)This plan is of great benefit in_the_long_term(从长远来看)．
(3)In_terms_of_health(从健康的角度来看)，eating less is quite necessary.
5 show...in带或领……进来 lead/guide...in
show...out领……出去
show sb.around/round领某人参观
show off炫耀
show up出席；到场
on show在展出
Show the visitors in，will you
请你把参观者领进来，好吗？
Peter is keen to show off his new car.
彼得喜欢炫耀他的新车。
夯实基础
用show off，show up的适当形式填空
(1)He promised to come but did not show_up in the end.
(2)Mary was showing_off her engagement ring.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Tony is outgoing and open minded.He must ________ his father rather than his mother.
A．look like B．agree with
C．take after D．depend on
答案　C
解析　take after指“面貌、言行等方面像……”，符合句意。look like指表面上看起来像……，强调视觉上给人的感觉。
2．UK forces in Iraq are set to ________ authority in a southern province to the Iraqi government，a military spokesman said.
A．take over B．hand out
C．hand over D．get over
答案　C
解析　hand over authority移交权力。
3．He passed himself off ________ a businessman in the war.
A．as B．by C．at D．with
答案　A
解析　考查固定短语：pass...off as...冒充……。
4．—Professor Li is a learned man.
—But it’s unwise for him to ________ his knowledge in front of the leaders.
A．turn off B．come off
C．put off D．show off
答案　D
解析　答语句意为：但是在领导面前炫耀他的知识是不明智的。show off炫耀，符合句意。
Ⅱ.汉译英
我过去走到哪儿都带着我的表，可是不久前的一天，我怎么也找不到它了。(the other day)
(2012·湖南·书面表达)
I_used_to_go_everywhere_in_the_company_of_my_watch_but_the_other_day_I_could_go_nowhere_for_it.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．While_waiting_for_a_bus(在等车时)，I met Tom.
2．The book is of_great_help/very_helpful(很有帮助)．
3．We didn’t know what we would do next once_the_money_had_run_out(一旦钱花光了)．
4．What_if(如果……怎么办) it rains tomorrow
5．He was deep_in_thought(正陷入沉思) when I saw him.
1 While watching，he makes notes.他一边观察，一边做笔记。
while watching...相当于while he is watching...。在while，when，if，as if，even if/though，t hough，although，until，once，unless等引导的状语从句中，当状语从句的主语同主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句中含有be时，可以省略状语从句的主语和动词be。
I have proved that friendship can help while in a different country.
我已经证明当你处在一个不同的国家时，友谊会对你有所帮助。
夯实基础
把下列句中的斜体部分补充完整
(1)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise，if carried out regularly，can improve our health.if_they_are_carried_out_regularly_
(2)Every evening after dinner，if not tired from work，I will spend some time walking my dog.if_I_am_not_tired_from_work
(3)You can’t be too careful while crossing the street.while_you_are_crossing_the_street
2 How about beginning with the alphabet？先从字母教起怎么样？
How/What about...？是常用句型，意为“……怎么样？”介词about后可接名词、代词、动名词，多用于征求意见。征求对方对某事或某人的看法时还可用下列句型：
1 What do you think of...？
2 How do you like/find...？
3 What is/are...like？
How about going for a walk？去散步好吗？
What’s the weather like in London
伦敦的天气怎么样？
夯实基础
翻译句子
再来一杯咖啡怎么样？
How_about_another_cup_of_coffee
用分词改写下列从句
(1)While he was watching TV，he heard a knock at the door.
→While watching_TV，he heard a knock at the door.
(2)If the town is seen from the top of the hill，it looks more beautiful.
→Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill，the town looks more beautiful.
(3)As the watch is used for a long time，it needs repairing.
→Used_for_a_long_time，the watch needs repairing.
(4)The boy will be blind in both eyes unless he is treated on time.
→The boy will be blind in both eyes unless_treated_on_time.
(5)Though he had been told many times，he couldn’t understand it.
→Having_been_told_many_times，he couldn’t understand it.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．________ going to the cinema tonight
A．How about B．How
C．What D．So how
答案　A
解析　句意为：今晚去看电影怎么样？How about doing...？用于征求意见的句型。
2．The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day.
A．watered B．watering C．water D．to water
答案　A
解析　句意为：如果不每天浇水的话，朋友送他的那些花就会枯萎。本题考查unless引导的条件状语从句的省略问题。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省去。其完整形式为：unless the flowers are watered every day。
3．I made friends with Tom during his stay in Beijing，________he was studying Chinese in a university there.
A．which B．that C．when D．where
答案　C
解析　考查定语从句的关系词。引导一个非限制性定语从句，代替指时间的先行词during his stay in Beijing，在从句中作时间状语，所以用when，相当于in which。句意为：在汤姆逗留北京期间我们交上了朋友，那个时候他正在北京的一所大学学习中文。
4．________several times, but he still doesn’t know how to do it properly.
A．Being shown B．Having shown
C．Having been shown D．I’ve shown him
答案　D
解析　后半句有个but，前面应是一个完整的句子，而不是一个分词结构，由此可以看出，只有D项符合要求，如果去掉句中的but，应该选C项。
5．—Do you allow smoking in the office
—No.________smoking here will be fined.
A．Whoever B．Anyone
C．Who D．Anyone who
答案　B
解析　空格后的smoking 作定语，相当于who smokes，所以只能用anyone。答语句意为：任何一个在这里吸烟的人都要被罚款。
6．Mrs.Green wants to buy that kind of cloth because she________that the cloth________very well.
A．has been told；washes
B．has told；washes
C．has been told；is washed
D．is told；is washed
答案　A
解析　she与tell之间存在动宾关系，且根据语境可知，tell这一动作已经发生，故第一空用现在完成时的被动语态；wash在此用主动形式表示被动意义。故选A项。
7．A warm thought came to me________I might help wash my mom’s feet on Thanksgiving Day.
A．if B．when
C．which D．that
答案　D
解析　考查同位语从句。引导一个同位语从句，解释说明thought的具体内容，用that。
Ⅱ.汉译英
过马路时要小心。(状语从句的省略)
Look_out_for_cars_when_crossing_the_street.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．________small，the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.(2013·天津，5)
A．As B．If
C．Although D．Once
答案　C
解析　考查省略句中的连词选择。句意为：尽管很小，但是这个公司已经在30多个国家有1 000名左右的客户。as意为“因为”；if意为“如果”；although意为“尽管”；
once意为“一旦”。
2．________ an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.
(2011·四川，16)
A．Offer B．Offering
C．Offered D．To offer
答案　C
解析　句意为：因为安迪在一部新电影中被分给一个重要角色，她得到了一个成名的机会。根据句意可判断状语中的动作offer与句子主语“安迪”之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词offered作原因状语。offer是动词原形，不能作状语；offering作状语体现了与句子主语间的主动关系；to offer是动词不定式结构，放在句首常作目的状语，不符合句意。
3．You can’t predict everything.Often things don’t ________ as you expect.(2011·江西，35)
A．run out B．break out
C．work out D．put out
答案　C
解析　句意为：你不能预料一切，事情常常不按你预期的那样发展。run out用完，用尽；break out爆发；work out算出，做出，制订出，发生，发展；put out熄灭。根据句意知选C项。
4．________into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
(2011·天津，12)
A．Translating B．Translated
C．To translate D．Having translated
答案　B
解析　句意为：被翻译成英语时，这个句子的语序完全不同。本题考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。translate与句子主语the sentence之间为被动关系，故选B项。
5．The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune________.
(2010·大纲全国Ⅰ，32)
A．is made B．would make
C．was to be made D．had made
答案　C
解析　句意为：在澳大利亚发现黄金这件事情使成千上万的人相信要发财了。thousands在此处指代成千上万的人，由led的时态可知A项不符合句意；而had made为过去完成时，发生在led动作之前，不符合语境；would make应该为would be made；故只有was to be made正确。