A组 三年模拟精选(2015～2013)(改编)
1.(2015·济宁期末)She remembered how difficult was to choose a suitable
Christmas present for her father.
解析 考查代词it。根据句子结构可知，it在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to choose...。
答案 it
2.(2015·九江期末)I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn't find a manufacture
who could deliver what I wanted，so I did it by .
解析 考查反身代词。没有生产商愿意将我的想法生产出来，所以我就自己做了。by oneself独自，依靠自己。
答案 myself
3.(2015·石家庄期中)It is said that a short－tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960
－1279) was very anxious to help rice crop grow up quickly.
解析 考查形容词性物主代词。根据常识和主语a short－tempered man可知，这个性急的人希望帮助“他的”秧苗长得快。此处用the特指“他自己的庄稼”也可以。
答案 his/the
4.(2015·四川宜宾高中月考)Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of
friendship.This does not mean that have to write or call our friends every day.
解析 考查人称代词。这并不意味着我们每天都必须给朋友写信或打电话。that引导的宾语从句中缺少主语，再结合our friends可知，此处要用主格we。
答案 we
5.(2015·清流一中阶段)Some like to call their friends.Others prefer to e－mail their
friends.Still prefer writing letters.
解析 考查不定代词。由still可判断出答案对应前面的others；此处构成some...others...and still others...结构，意为“一些……另一些……还有一些……”。
答案 others
6.(2015·四川成都高新区统考)Do you find that is difficult to find a
suitable job this year?
解析 考查代词it。固定句式it's ＋adj.＋ to do...，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to find a suitable job。
答案 it
7.(2015·内蒙古包钢一中月考)Daisy：Well，first of all，I found my wallet gone...
Travel agency：Hmm，I apologize.Did you find wallet?
解析 考查物主代词。根据前面的my wallet gone可知，这里表示“你找到你的钱包了吗”。
答案 your
8.(2015·河南洛阳一高月考)Chopsticks originated in China，but are widely
used in many Asian countries.
解析 考查人称代词。筷子起源于中国，但在许多亚洲国家广泛使用。此处代替前面的chopsticks。
答案 they
9.(2015·乌鲁木齐一中月考)He was very proud of her and always wanted to show
off to his friends.
解析 考查人称代词。根据前面的He was very proud of her可知要用her，作show off的宾语。
答案 her
10.(2015·广东揭阳一中、潮州金山中学联考)A large variety of languages exist in
the world.Every language has own special words and expressions.
解析 考查物主代词。此处指代主语every language，修饰名词应该用形容词性物主代词。
答案 its
11.(2015·山东青岛一模)Scott is of the top students in the college.
解析 考查代词it。指代前面的tea picked in March要用it。
答案 one
12.(2015·甘肃嘉峪关一中月考)The price of tea picked in March is extremely high
because is fresh，tender and contains multiple trace elements.
解析 考查代词it。指代前面的tea picked in March要用it。
答案 it
13.(2015·海南三校联考)I am terribly sorry to hear the accident.I will look into
immediately and give you a satisfactory reply.
解析 考查代词it。it代替前面的the accident。
答案 it
14.(2015·河南开封联考)Some pour the remains of a meal when there is still much
left； simply walk away after washing hands，leaving the water running.
解析 考查不定代词。根据前面的some可知，此处要用others。some...others...一些人……另外一些人……。
答案 others
15.(2015·黑龙江哈三中二模)When a person is curious about something，it means he
is interested in it and wishes to know something about it.There is wrong with curiosity in itself.
解析 考查不定代词。当一个人对某些东西感到好奇，那意味着他对它产生了兴趣并且想知道关于它的一些情况。好奇本身并没有错。There is nothing wrong with sth 某事物没有问题。
答案 nothing
16.(2014·辽宁瓦房店高级中学考前模拟)Tom：I'll go with you.
Mary：OK. can go there by bus.
解析 考查人称代词。根据I'll go with you.可知，这里表示“我们可以乘坐公共汽车去”。
答案 We
17.(2014·宁夏大学附属中学二模)We sang songs and played games with the old
people and had tea together.Some of were in poor health and were very unhappy.
解析 考查人称代词。他们中的一些人身体状况不好，也不幸福。指代the old people作介词of的宾语要用them。
答案 them
18.(2014·黑龙江大庆一中段考二)But I think he works too hard.I hope he'll go out
and enjoy for a change.
解析 考查反身代词。我希望他能够出去，放松下心情。根据works too hard和后面的for a change 可知，此处要用enjoy oneself过得快活，玩得开心。
答案 himself
19.(2014·甘肃张掖市诊断三)A Boeing 777 took off from Malaysia's largest city of
Kuala Lumpur at 0：41 am on March 8. destination was Beijing.
解析 考查形容词性物主代词。它的目的地是北京。作名词destination的定语要用代词its代指Boeing 777's。
答案 Its
20.(2014·河南开封二模)I will go to Liverpool on business tomorrow morning and
now I have to buy in the supermarket.
解析 考查不定代词。明天出差，现在我要去超市买些东西。something某物，一些东西。
答案 something
21.(2014·河北衡水中学一模)I'm so glad to see you，David. has been such
a long time.How are you?
解析 考查代词it。已经有很长时间没见面了。这里表示“时间”要用It。
答案 It
22.(2014·宁夏大学附属中学一模)The difference between a man who succeeds and
who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities.
解析 考查替代词的用法。这里要用one代指前面的a man，以避免重复。
答案 one
23.(2014·广州六校质检)When the young are feeling that they're not dealing properly，
they turn to that they can control and food is accessible for them to control.
解析 考查不定代词。当年轻人觉得他们情况不太好的时候，往往会求助于他们能控制的东西。something是先行词，后面that引导的定语从句修饰something。
答案 something
24.(2013·佛山模拟)Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some
of my friends who had been there before said was a wonderful holiday destination.
解析 考查代词it。以前去过那里的朋友说它是一个很好的度假之地。前面提到了Miami，这里为了避免重复，而用代词it代替迈阿密这个地方。it可以代替的是同一事物或同一个地方。
答案 it
25.(2013·湛江一模) was rich in metaphor(隐喻) and character
development，while the other was humorous but too shallow.
解析 考查不定代词。根据后面的the other可知，此处为one...the other...结构，表示“一个……另外一个……”。
答案 One
B组 一年创新导向
1.(关注one，that，it，those的指代内容)A scientist who can speak English is in closer
touch with those of other countries than who doesn't.
解析 句意：一位能讲英语的科学家跟其他国家的科学家的联系要紧密得多，而不能用讲英语的科学家做不到。这句话中代表前面出现过的可数名词单数，泛指用one，这里的one代指前面的 a scientist。
答案 one
2.(关注nothing，none, nobody的区别)John has tried many ways to solve the physics
problems, but works.
解析 根据语境可知，此题应填代词none指代not any way。句意：约翰已经尝试了许多解决这些物理难题的方法，但是没有一种方法有效。
答案 none
3.(关注固定搭配中的it) You may depend on that they will look after
your daughter when you are away.
解析 考查形式宾语it的用法。句意：当你外出时他们可以照看你的女儿。这里depend on不能直接跟宾语，需在宾语从句前加it。
答案 it
4.(关注人称代词作同位语)To save class time，our teacher has students do
half the exercise in class and complete the other half for our homework.
解析 根据句意可知题干中的has为使役动词，后面需要代词宾格与students一起作宾语，us与students为同位关系。句意：为了节省时间，老师让我们学生在课堂上做完一半练习，另一半作为家庭作业。
答案 us
5.(关注指示代词的指代问题)—He got his first book published.It turned out to be a
bestseller.
—When was ?
— was in 2000 when he was still in college.
解析 第一个空用that指代上文的内容；第二个空是强调句型，只保留了前半部分It was in 2000 when he was still in college，省掉了that he got his first book published。句意：——他的第一本书出版了，非常畅销。——是什么时候的事？——是在2000年，当时他还在上大学。
答案 that；It
C组 语境对点演练
Ⅰ.语篇填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求在空格处填入一个适当的代词。
A
An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market.The man rode the donkey and the son walked behind 1 .A man saw them and asked the son why 2 wasn't riding the donkey.Then the father let 3 ride it. 4 man saw them and told 5 that they should 6 ride the donkey.So 7 both got on it.A woman who saw them said，“Tell 8 ，why are you both riding that poor animal？ 9 looks so weak and tired. 10 are so cruel！”Then，the father and son got off the donkey and started carrying it across a bridge.When they were halfway across the bridge，the donkey struggled loose and fell into the river.
答案 1.it 2.he 3.him 4.Another 5.them 6.both 7.they 8.me 9.It 10.You
B
My Name is Li Kang.I live in Shijiazhuang，a city not far from Beijing.Today is my first day at Senior High school and I'm writing down my thoughts about 11 .
12 new school is very good and the classrooms are amazing.Every room has a computer with a special screen，almost as big as a cinema screen.The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen，whose method of teaching is nothing like 13 of the teachers at my Junior High school. 14 thinks that reading comprehension is important，but 15 speak a lot in class，too.I don't think I will be bored in Ms Shen's class!
Today we introduced 16 to each other in groups. 17 were embarrassed at first but everyone was very friendly and 18 was really nice.Ms Shen gave 19 instructions and then we worked by ourselves.Ms Shen wants to help us improve our spelling and handwriting with spelling games and other activities. 20 of us like her attitude very much.
There are sixty－five students in my class，forty－nine of whom are girls.In other words，there are three times as many girls as boys. 21 say that girls are usually more hard－working than boys，but in this class， 22 is hard－working!
答案 11.it 12.My 13.that 14.She 15.we 16.ourselves 17.Some 18.it 19.us 20.All 21.They 22.everyone
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·石家庄质检)On Oct. 6th, 2011, a piece of breaking news hit the world: Steve Jobs, the founder of the Apple Company, 1 (pass) away after years of battle against pancreatic cancer. I as well as many people 2 (be) sad at the news. We saw him make miracles again and again, and we hoped that he would always give us a surprise. We enjoy 3 (use) an iPod to listen to music and we like to play games with an iPad. We love to communicate with our friends by iPhone. 4 seemed that Jobs always understood what we really wanted. So he could devote himself to his career by creating the amazing products constantly. But now he quietly left, 5 (leave) us a great pity.
U.S. President Barack Obama called Jobs a visionary 6 (lead) and one of the greatest U.S. innovators. He said in a statement, “Steve was brave enough to think differently, bold enough to believe he could change the world, and 7 (talent) enough to do it.”
Steve Jobs' family said in a statement, “Steve died 8 (peace) today surrounded by his family. We are grateful for the support and kindness of those 9 share our feelings for Steve. We know many of you will mourn with us, and we ask that you respect our privacy during our time 10 grief.”
答案 1.passed 2.was 3.using 4.It 5.leaving 6.leader 7.talented 8.peacefully 9.who 10.of
课件85张PPT。不定代词一、either，both，neither，all，none，any的常见用法：例如：
Both of us are fond of music.我们两个都喜欢音乐。
If you keep still, you can sit on either end of the boat.
如果你不动的话，坐在船的哪边都可以。
Neither of these two words is correct.
这两个词都不对。
All (the) girls are out.
所有的女孩都出去了。—When shall we meet again?
——我们什么时候再见面？
—Any time you like.
——任何时间都可以。
None of these three words are (is) correct.
这三个词一个都不对。选用上述不定代词填空，体会其含义
(1)Look! of his hands is covered with muddy.What a naughty boy!
(2) Look! of his hands are covered with muddy.What a naughty boy!
(3) of his parents is from Hawaii.They come from San Francisco.
(4) of the answers are not right.Some of them are apparently wrong.
(5)—Would you like coffee or tea?
— will do.EitherBothNeitherbothAllEither二、none，nothing，nobody(no one)的用法1.no one无任何人；nothing无任何物；none 可指代人或物
2.none作主语时，如果侧重所有人的情况，动词多用复数；如果侧重每个人的情况，动词用单数。
None of us are perfect.我们都不是完人。
None of us has got a bike.我们谁都没有自行车。
【温馨提示】 none与no one都作“没有人”解，但略有区别。none往往有固定范围，而no one没有这种限制。试比较：None of the men answered.
No one knows what will happen next.
No matter what I did, no one paid any attention.
[辨析] ——我不在家时有人找我吗？
——没有。
—Did anyone ask for me when I was out?
—None.(×)
—Did anyone ask for me when I was out?
—No one.(√)(6)John has tried many ways to solve the physics problems, but
works.
解析 根据语境可知，此题应填代词none指代not any way。句意：约翰已经尝试了许多解决这些物理难题的方法，但是没有一种方法有效。none三、another, other, the other, others, the others的用法选用上述不定代词填空，体会其含义
(7)Some people think playing computer games benefits children a lot while hold the opposite view.
(8)—Can I help you?
—This radio doesn‘t work.Please show me .othersanother(9)I am just familiar with one of the two visitors to our school.
is strange to me.
(10)Helping people in danger is a good virtue.
(11)—Have you finished delivering the 108 letters of invitation?
—Not yet.I have just delivered 60 of them and I am to deliver
this afternoon.The otherotherthe others四、one/ones, it/them，that/ those/the ones的用法
1.one代替与前面事物同属一类但非同一个的可数名词，表示泛指意义，复数为ones。the one用来替代前面特指的单数名词，有时可用that替代，相当于the＋单数名词。
例如：
—Do you have a camera?
——你有相机吗？
—No, but my father has one.
——没有，但是我父亲有一架。My coats are too small.I need some big ones.
我的外套太小了，我需要一些大的(外套)。
The film is not as good as the one/that I saw yesterday.
这部影片不如我昨天看的那部好。2.that 用来代替前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，可以指同一类；它的复数形式是those，用来替代前面特指的复数名词，相当于the ones。
例如：
The weather in Beijing is colder than that of Fujian in winter.
北京的冬天要比福建的冬天冷。
The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.
桌子上的书要比桌子下面的书好。3.it 是用来代替前文出现的同一事物，即指同类同物，代替可数或不可数名词。复数是they(主格)，them(宾格)。
例如：
There is a tall tree in front of the house and it is about 500 years old.
房前有一棵大树，它已经有500年的历史了。用one, it或that填空
(12)A desk made of wood lasts longer than made of plastics.
(13) This news is less exciting than .
(14)There is only one dictionary left in the bookstore.Please go to buy .onethatit(15)Some of these problems, similar to of living in outer space, are pressure, lack of oxygen and weightlessness.
解析 考查代词。空格后有of短语作定语，而且指代的是复数名词problems，所以用those。those(16)The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper.
解析 句意：网上的信息比报纸上的信息传播得要快得多。根据句意，前后比较的都是“information”，但指代不同的内容，information是不可数名词，因此填that。that五、复合不定代词：somebody, anybody, nobody, someone, anyone, no one, something, anything, nothing, everybody, everyone, everything
1.作主语时，谓语动词一律用单数。
Everything is ready for the meeting.
Is anybody absent?
注意：其反意疑问句，指物时，一律用单数
Everything is ready, isn't it?
指人时： Somebody was here yesterday, wasn't he?
Nobody came here yesterday, did they?
(看不出单复数时，表泛指)2.当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，应放在其后，作后置定语。
He said nothing new.
My mother cooked something nice for dinner.
注意：复合不定代词可与else 连用。
Nobody else but Robert could ever say this thing.
除了罗伯特，其他人未曾说过这件事。
Ask somebody else to help you.
请别人帮你吧。3.复合不定代词后不可接of 短语，但分开写的some one, every one, any one 之后可接of 短语。
Every one of the students can speak good English.
这些学生中每个人都能说一口流利的英语。
You may tell any one of us.
你可以告诉我们中的任何一个人。
(no one 后不可接of 短语，但none可以)4.与复合不定代词构成的习惯句型：
(1)He is nothing but a clerk.
他只是一个职员。
(2)He is anything but a clerk.
他绝对不是一名职员。
(3)John looks something like his mother.
约翰看上去有点像他的妈妈。
(4)Our professor is something of an eccentric.
我们教授的性情多少有点古怪。六、其他不定代词
1.each，every的区别
(1)each 表示两者或两者以上的“每一个”，强调“个体”，倾向于把整体分开来考虑，作代词或形容词，可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。
Each of them has a mobile phone.(作主语)
他们每一个都有一部手机。
From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.(作宾语)
各尽所能，各取所需。Each room can seat at least fifty people.(作定语)
每个房间至少能坐50人。
We each have a textbook.(作同位语)
我们每个人有一本教科书。
代词each作同位语，谓语动词与主语we保持一致。
(2)every指三者或三者以上的“每一个”，强调“全体”，暗示无一例外，在句中只能作定语。
Every student went to the Great Wall with their teachers last Sunday.
上周日全体师生去爬的长城。 1.each of 后跟可数名词或代词复数，every不与of 连用。
Each of the houses here is painted a different color.
这里每幢房子都漆成不同的颜色。
2.“every ＋基数词＋名词复数”
“ every ＋序数词 ＋ 名词单数” 表示“每……， 每隔……”
He went to see his grandpa every five days/every fifth day.
他每五天去看一次爷爷。3.every 与not 连用，表示部分否定。
Every man is not honest.＝ Not every man is honest.
并非每个人都诚实。
each 与not 连用，表示全部否定。
Each man is not honest.
每个人都不诚实。
4.在下列短语中，用each和every 均可。
each/every day; each/every year; each/every time
但：every now and then “时常，不时”为固定结构，不能用each。 【温馨提示】 名词在each of之后，前面要加定冠词。
[辨析] 每个学生都有一本英汉词典。
Each of students has an English－Chinese dictionary.(×)
Each of the students has an English－Chinese dictionary.(√)
2.few, a few, little, a little的区别
few 几乎没有，表否定，代替或修饰可数名词。
a few 几个，一些，表肯定，代替或修饰可数名词。
little 几乎没有，表否定，代替或修饰不可数名词。
a little 一点儿，表肯定，代替或修饰不可数名词。
1)few, a few 作主语修饰名词时，谓语动词用复数；
little, a little 作主语修饰名词时，谓语动词用单数。 根据句意填空
(17) of them have been to London.
他们中几乎没人去过伦敦。
(18)There are mistakes in his composition.
他的作文中有几处错误。
(19)Hurry up.There is time left.
快点，快没时间了。Fewa fewlittle2)little 可作状语，修饰形容词、副词或形容词、副词的比较级形式，相当于a bit，意为“有点”。
not a little ＝ very 非常，很
not a bit ＝ not in the least/not at all 一点也不根据句意填空
(20)He is taller than his brother.
他比他的兄弟稍高一点。
(21) He is not a tired.
他很累。
(22) He is not a tired.
他一点也不累。a little/a bitlittlebit3) quite a few ＝ many 很多；
quite a little ＝ much 很多根据句意填空
(23)Quite a people knew about it.
很多人了解此事。
(24)He was very thirsty and drank quite a water.他很渴，喝了很多水。fewlittle4) 有关的固定搭配
not a few 相当多的 only a few 仅少数，只有几个
little or no 几乎没有 little by little 逐渐地
3.some, any的区别
some 常用在肯定句中，接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
Some people work to live, and some live to work.
一些人工作是为了活着，一些人活着是为了工作。any 多用于疑问句、否定句、或条件句中，表示“一些”，既可以指可数名词复数，也可指不可数名词。
Have you got any money with you?
你身上带钱了吗？
If you have any books, please give me some.
如果你有书，请给我一些。
注意：(1)some 有时也用于疑问句中，表示说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答。
Would you like some tea?
你想喝点茶吗？ (2)any 有时也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个”。
Any normal child can learn a language very quickly.
任何正常的儿童学习一门语言都非常快。
Tom is taller than any other student in my class.
汤姆比班里的其他任何一个同学都高。(汤姆是班里个儿最高的一位同学)
(3)“some/any of ＋...”结构作主语时，谓语动词需要根据of 后面的名词单复数而定。
Some of the food has gone bad.
有些食品变质了。 Some of them agree, and some of them don't.
他们中有些人同意，有些不同意。
I don't think any of them are coming.
我认为他们没人会来。
(4)some 还可指某一个，此时常修饰可数名词的单数形式，some的这种用法暗含不认识，不知道，不感兴趣，不重视等意思。
Some person parked his car here.
有人把车停在了这里。根据句意填空
(25)There won't be trouble.
不会有麻烦。
(26) day I'm going to take a long motor trip.
某一天我要骑摩托车做一次长途旅行。
(27) of your time is to be made full use of.
应该充分利用你的任何时间。
(28)I'd like coffee with milk.
我想要点加奶的咖啡。anySomeAnysome4.全部否定和部分否定
(1)all, both, everyone, everybody, everything 和every加名词都表示全部肯定，no one, none, nobody, nothing, not...any 和no ＋名词都表示全部否定；但当not出现在含有表示全部肯定的不定代词的句子中，不管not在他们之前还是之后都表示部分否定；
Both of them haven't read this story.＝Only one of them has read this story.
他们两人并没有都看过这个故事。
All bamboo doesn't grow tall＝Not all bamboo grows tall.
并非所有竹子都长得高。全部否定：All of the boys are clever, but none of them can work out this problem.
这些男孩都很聪明，但没有一个人能解出这道题。
(2)总括性副词如everywhere, always, altogether, wholly和not连用时，也表示部分否定。如：
Such a thing can't be found everywhere.
这种事并非到处可见。(部分否定)
Such a thing can be found nowhere.
这种事什么地方也见不到。(全部否定) (29)—Wow！You've got so many clothes.
—But of them are in fashion now.
解析 句意：——哇！你有那么多衣服啊。——但是现在没有一件跟得上潮流的了。根据句意，空格处应用否定代词none。noneit的用法1.指刚提到过的事物，以避免重复。
A：When did the letter come?
这封信什么时候送来的？
B：It came this morning.
今天早上送来的。
2.指未知性别的婴儿或孩子。
What a beautiful baby, is it a boy?
多漂亮的宝宝呀，是男孩吗？3.指不明身份的人。
A：Who is it knocking at the door?
谁在敲门？
B：It might be the postman.
可能是邮递员。
4.指时间或季节。
It is ten o'clock.
现在是十点钟。
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
她回来时已快到午夜了。
It is late autumn.
现在已是深秋了。5.指天气，环境。
It's raining hard outside.
外面正下大雨。
It is noisy in here.
这里很嘈杂。
6.指距离。
It is half an hour's walk to the city centre.
走到市中心只需半小时。 7.用于形式主语或形式宾语。
简单句：It is hard to learn English well.
形式主语 真正主语
I find it hard to learn English well.
形式宾语 真正宾语
(hard为宾语补足语，语义上的补充)
8.用来代替上文提到过的句子。
You saved my life; I'll never forget it.【温馨提示】 this 上文发生过的，下文要说的事。that 只能指代上文说过的一个名词。
it 通常指代上文的一句话。
对比：He bought me a shirt.I like it.
He bought me a shirt.I like that.9.用于强调结构中。
It is/was...that/who...
The students are learning grammar in the classroom now.
→It is the students who are learning grammar in the classroom now.(强调主语)
→It is grammar that the students are learning in the classroom now.(强调宾语)
→It is in the classroom that the students are learning grammar now.(强调状语)
→It is now that the students are learning grammar in the classroom.(强调状语)
注意：在强调结构中，不能强调谓语部分。10.it常用的固定句型
(1)It takes sb...to do...
某人用多长时间做某事
It took the men a week to mend our roof.
这些人花了一周时间修好我们的屋顶。
(2)It's (about/high) time that...should do/动词的过去式
是该做某事的时候了
It's (about/high) time that we should take/took action.
该是采取行动的时候了。(3)It's/was the＋序数词＋time (that)...have/had＋v.－ed
第几次做某事了
It is the third time that he has failed the driving test.
这是他第三次没能通过驾驶考试。
(4)It's...since...从……已(多长时间了)
It is five years since he stopped smoking.
他戒烟五年了。
It is five years since we last met.
从我们上次见面到现在已有五年了。(5)It was not...before...；It won't be long before...
用不了多长时间某动作发生了； 过不了多久某动作将要发生
It was not long before they arrived.
没过多久他就到了。
It won't be long before he returns from abroad.
不久以后他就要回国。
(6)it用在一些固定搭配中。
I take it that you don't agree with me.
我的理解是你不同意我的见解。
I hate it when I am interrupted.
当有人打断我时，我会感到很讨厌。Put your heart into what you are struggling for and you'll make it.
全心投入你奋斗的事业中，你一定会成功。
Please see to it that you bring enough money when you go out.
出门时请务必带够钱。
As someone puts it: Practice makes perfect.
像某人说的那样，熟能生巧。
When it comes to my hobby, I like reading best.
当谈及我的爱好时，我最喜欢读书。【温馨提示】 I would appreciate it if ...意为“如果……我将不胜感激”，其中it不能省略。
[辨析] 如果你把音乐关小一些，我将非常感激。
I would appreciate if you would turn the music down.(×)
I would appreciate it if you would turn the music down.(√)it用法可以归纳为三点：
1.纯粹指代意义
2.平衡句式指代
3.固定搭配非指代(1)The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
解析 此处it would be good for you to have a holiday是宾语从句作thought的宾语。it在这个宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。句意：医生认为去度假对你是有益的。it(2)The fact that she was foreign made difficult for her to get a job in that country.
解析 句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。用it做made的形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾补之后，其他词没有这种用法。it人称代词、指示代词和反身代词及其他一、人称代词人称代词做主语时用主格，做宾语时用宾格。
在作表语时，用宾格较多，例如：
—Who is knocking at the door?
—It's me.
但在强调结构中却常用主格：
It was he who did it.
It is she who wants these clothes.在使用人称代词时有下面几点值得注意：
(1)she可以用来代指国家，船只，大地，月亮等。
I think England will do what she promised to do.
(2)在并列的主语中，I总放在最后。
Mary and I will be in charge of the case.
(3)第三人称，男女两性并用时，男先女后。
He and she still don't agree to the plan.二、物主代词1.形容词性物主代词只能作定语，如my brother；名词性物主代词可以作：
(1)表语 —Whose dictionary is this?
—It's mine.
(2)主语 Ours is a big family.
(3) 宾语Let's clean their room first and ours later.
2.“of ＋名词性物主代词”可用作定语
That car of hers is always breaking down.
＝ Her car is always breaking down. 三、反身代词1.这些词可用来：
(1)作宾语I can't express myself in English.
(2)作表语I am not quite myself these days.
(3)作主语或宾语的同位语The theory itself is all right.
在作同位语时，反身代词常译作“本人”或“亲自”They must make investigation themselves.
他们必须亲自做调查。
与by oneself较难区分，by oneself 译为“一个人干(不要别人帮助)”
They made the machine all by themselves.
这机器完全是他们自己制造的。
2.常用的反身代词短语
(1)devote oneself to 致力于
(2)enjoy oneself 玩得高兴
(3)dress oneself 自己穿衣 (4)come to oneself 恢复知觉
(5)help oneself to 随便吃，随便用
(6)hide oneself 把自己藏起来
(7)teach oneself 自学
(8)lose oneself 迷路
(9)by oneself 亲自(独自地)
(10)talk to oneself 自言自语
(11)excuse oneself 自我辩解
(12)be not oneself 身体不舒服
(13)for oneself 替自己，为自己
(14)in oneself 本身(15)between ourselves 私下说的话(不可告诉别人)
(16)among themselves 他们之间
(17)to oneself 供自己使用
【温馨提示】 汉语中表示“所有的”人称代词往往在句中省略，但在英语中一般不可省略。
[辨析] 他右手拿着书。
He held a book in right hand.(×)
He held a book in his right hand.(√)四、指示代词
1.this, that, these, those的用法
(1)表示近指和远指
this, these往往指时间或空间较近的人或物。
that, those可指时间或空间较远的人或物。
This gift is for you and that one is for your brother.
这件礼物是你的，那件是你弟弟的。
I love these books but I don't like those ones.
我喜欢这些书，但不喜欢那些。英国人打电话时，this指自己，that指对方。
Hello, this is Allan.Who is that speaking?
喂，你好！我是艾伦，你是哪位？(2) 指刚提到过的或将要提到的事
指刚提到过的事情或已经完成的事情用that。
Little George broke the vase, but he didn't admit it and that was very annoying.
小乔治打碎了花瓶，自己还不承认，真是太气人了。
指即将要发生或将要提到的事情用this.
I want to know this: Was Miss Jones here the whole morning?
我想知道的是，琼斯小姐整个上午都在这里吗？(3) that, those常常用来代替上文提到过的名词，以避免重复。
that 指代不可数名词或可数名词的单数。
Life today is much better than that in the old days.(that指代life)
现在的生活比过去好多了。
those 指代可数名词复数。
The days in summer are longer than those in winter.(those指代the days)
夏天的白天比冬天的白天长。(4) this, that还可用作副词，意为“这么”“那么”。修饰形容词或副词，其用法与so类似。
She has never been this late for school before.
她以前上学从没有这么晚过。
She is too young to walk that far.
她太小，走不了那么远。
(5) 与表示时间的名词搭配。
this 与有些名词连用表示“目前的具体时间”。
this morning 今天早晨
this month 这个月
this spring 今年春天that 与某些名词连用表示“过去的具体时间”。
that morning 那天早上
that month 那个月
that spring 那年春天
these 与某些名词连用表示“与目前相关的一段时间”。
these days 如今，目前，这些天
these years 这些年
these months 这些月
those 与某些名词连用表示“与过去相关的一段时间”。
those days 那些日子
those years 那些年
those months 那些月用括号中所给代词的适当形式填空
(1)If you would like some fish, do help (you).
(2)I don't think these jackets are John's and Tom's. (they) must be in the next room.
(3)Everybody is doing (they) best for the four modernizations.
(4)—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
—Why (I)？John is sitting there doing nothing.
(5)My grandpa still treats me like a child.He can't imagine _____
(I)grown up.yourself/yourselvesTheirstheirmeme(6)Sorry, it's (I)who am impolite to you, so I apologize to you.
(7)All the materials here belong to our company and (you) were destroyed because of poor quality.
(8) (he) not finishing the task makes his boss unsatisfied.
(9)We'll have to separate his from (you).Otherwise you may mix them.
(10)We all introduced (we)before the meeting started.IyoursHisyoursourselves易错点1 it用作形式主语和形式宾语时的易错点用适当代词填空
(2015·西安模拟)I would appreciate ，to be frank，if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.
解析 句意：坦率地说，货物如果能尽快送到，我将不胜感激。此处it作形式宾语，代替后面的“if goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank为插入语。故填it。it【即时小练】
(1)He didn't make clear when and where the meeting would be held.
解析 make ...clear为一个固定短语，意为“把……弄清楚”，it为形式宾语，指代句中的when and where ...从句。
(2) felt funny watching myself on TV.
解析 本题是对英语中it作形式主语的考查。“watching myself on TV”为真正的主语。itIt以题说法
为了避免句子出现“头重脚轻”的现象，通常用it作形式宾语，指代动词不定式、动名词短语或从句，其中it指代从句的用法是最常用的。it用作形式宾语指代从句时，通常与like, dislike, appreciate, hate等连用。
I'd appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
如果你愿意教我如何使用计算机，我将不胜感激。突破指南
做代词类题时，首先在一定语境中分析代词的指代意义，以及句子结构，找出所设空白处在整个句子中所作的成分，如主语、宾语、同位语等，最后再根据所给选项的基本用法得出答案。易错点2 代词的指代意义不清用适当代词填空
Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, I will always treasure.
解析 此句中用one替代a moment，作an unforgettable moment的同位语，泛指值得我珍惜的那样一个时刻。又如：Cook was a strict but good captain, one who took good care of the sailors on his ship.one【即时小练】
I just choose a simpler lifestyle， where I can ride my bike all over and do not have to make a great living to survive.
解析 句意：我只是选择了一种更简单的生活方式，一种可以骑自行车到处跑，不必为生活而奔波的生活方式。用one作a simpler lifestyle的同位语。one以题说法
“代词作同位语”的考点剖析
将同位语与代词用法放在一起考查是各种测试题中常见的一种现象，常涉及it, that, one, this, that, as, what及something, anything, nothing等，而其中对one，it, that, what等代词的考查尤其多见， 针对one在句中用于代替“a/an＋单数名词”充当同位语的这一考查角度在数年高考题中曾经多次呈现，通过比较我们可以发现这些高考题的相似之处。突破指南
这类题目首先要明确句子成分并能正确翻译出句子的汉语意思，才能对代词one作同位语的这个考点熟悉。能够多背诵几个类似的题目更好，熟悉程度够了，还能做不对题目吗？Botheitherothereachsomething完成短文后，你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇80词左右的小短文？
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2015～2011年各省市高考题(改编)
用适当的不定代词填空
1.(2015·浙江，12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite
TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?
解析 句意：如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目，这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了，你会怎么想。固定表达how would you like it if...，在此结构中it代替后面if句的内容。
答案 it
2.(2015·重庆，2)The meeting will be held in September, but knows the
date for sure.
解析 句意：会议将在九月召开，但是没人知道具体日期。句中的关键词为but，表转折，故nobody没有人，符合句意。
答案 nobody
3.(2015·陕西，13)To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare
foot against the .
解析 句意：为了让自己暖和起来，这个水手坐在火堆旁，光着脚，用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示两者中的一个，另一个，用one...the other...。
答案 other
4.(2015·四川，10)Niki is always full of ideas，but is useful to my knowledge.
解析 句意：Niki总是有很多想法，但是没有一个想法对我的知识有用。三者或三者否定以上用none，可指人也可指物。
答案 none
5.(2015·天津，2)The quality of education in this small school is better than
in some larger schools.
解析 句意：这所规模较小的学校的教育质量比一些规模较大的学校的教育质量好得多。表示比较时，指代前面的quality of education要用that，为了避免重复，可以代替前面提到的不可数名词。
答案 that
6.(2015·福建，21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but
contained any useful suggestions.
解析 句意：这个研究组发布了以调查为基础的两个报道，但是都没有有用的建议。考查代词。根据句意，两者都不用neither。
答案 neither
7.(2014·安徽，24)You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a
hand.
解析 考查不定代词。句意：你可以向任何一个人求助。在这里的每一个人都会给予你帮助。根据前句中的anyone，可知填everyone。
答案 Everyone
8.(2014·江西，32)—When shall I call，in the morning or afternoon?
— .I'll be in all day.
解析 根据“in the morning or afternoon”“我全天都在家里。”可知答案应填Either。
答案 Either
9.(2014·四川，1)She'd lived in London and Manchester，but she liked and
moved to Cambridge.
解析 题干的意思是“她在伦敦和曼彻斯特都住过，可是这两座城市她都不喜欢，就搬到剑桥去了。”由此意可知要用neither(两者都不)。
答案 neither
10.(2014·重庆，1)A smile costs ，but gives much.
解析 考查不定代词用法。句意：微笑虽然不用花费什么，但意义却是巨大的。
答案 nothing
11.(2014·山东，4)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new
life for herself.
解析 句意：苏珊向我清楚地表达了她希望过自己的新生活。此处用it作形式宾语，that从句作真正的宾语。
答案 it
12.(2014·陕西，21)I'd appreciate if you could let me know in advance
whether or not you will come.
解析 句意：如果你能提前告诉我你来不来，我将非常感激。I'd appreciate it if you could...为固定句型，it代指if引导的从句。
答案 it
13.(2013·辽宁，29)To her joy，Della earned first the trust of her students and then
of her colleagues.
解析 句意：Della先赢得了学生的信任，然后赢得了同事的信任，此处用于替代单数可数名词或不可数名词trust，故用that。如果代替可数复数名词用those或the ones。
答案 that
14.(2013·山东，21)I've lived in New York and Chicago，but don't like of
them very much.
解析 句意：我在纽约和芝加哥都居住过，但这两个地方我都不喜欢。短语not...either＝neither(两者都不)。
答案 either
15.(2013·天津，12)At our factory there are a few machines similar to
described in this magazine.
解析 句意：在我们工厂有一些与这份杂志中描述相似的机器。those替代可数名词复数。
答案 those
16.(2013·四川，2)The traffic on the main street has a longer green signal than
on the small ones.
解析 通常可以用that替代单数可数名词或不可数名词。此处the traffic为不可数名词，故用that来替代。
答案 that
17.(2012·大纲全国Ⅰ，31)Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but
of them wants to，because they have work to do.
解析 句意：Larry让Bill和Peter跟他一起去野餐，但是他们俩都不想去，因为他们都有工作要做。根据表转折关系的but及后面的内容可知，空格处应该表示否定，用neither指“两者都不”
答案 neither
18.(2011·全国Ⅱ，11)I got this bicycle for ； My friend gave it to me when
she bought a new one.
解析 考查复合不定代词的用法。句意：我没花钱就得了这辆自行车；我的朋友买了一辆新车，就把这辆给了我。根据后面“gave it to me”可判断没花钱，nothing表否定。
答案 nothing
近5年来，高考重点考查不定代词，所考题量占所考代词总量的50%左右，其次是it的用法和替代词。试题的设计注重语境设置，要求考生将句子意思和句子结构联系起来选出正确的代词。
