2024届 高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解 强化训练（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届 高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解 强化训练（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 180.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-26 18:35:06 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Passage 1
Every holiday season，Patricia Gallagher fills her car with stuffed animals and drives around Philadelphia.She gives them not to kids but to seniors.
Patricia's holiday tradition started in 2009.“I just got this idea of calling two nursing homes at random and asking if I could come and read books on New Year's day，”she said.She brought some of her kids' stuffed animals for the seniors to hold while she read.“But when I went to gather them and take them back to go to the next nursing home，nobody wanted to give up their stuffed animals，” she added.It was then and there that she realized the power of a simple holiday gift.
Patricia wanted to continue her tradition of giving，so she put an ad online，asking for gently used stuffed animals.In her first two years of collecting，she received more than 11，000 donated stuffed animals.She said sometimes local schools would hold stuffed animal collections on her behalf，or a child who outgrew their toys would donate.After receiving too many，Patricia started capping how many she would collect at a time，and said she could only take in about 250 stuffed animals each week during the holiday season.Then，she took them to nursing homes.
“The elderly want stuffed animals not only for comfort，but also because they were conversation starters and reminded them of their childhood，”she said.And she recalled one man said，“You know，I never wanted to go to school.And my father said if I would go that day，he would take me to the Brooklyn Zoo.And you know what？This was the first animal I saw there and it looked just like this giraffe.”
Spreading joy isn't just a holiday pastime for Patricia.She is also known as the “Happy Flower Lady”around Philadelphia，because she collects old flowers from stores and gives them to anyone who needs a pick me up.
“When you give，you really do get more back，”Patricia said.“Every morning，whether it's the flowers or the stuffed animals，I have a purpose.”
1．Why did Patricia go to the nursing homes in 2009
A．To send gifts to the seniors.
B．To read stories to the elderly.
C．To get over her loneliness.
D．To get rid of her kids' toys.
2．What does the underlined word“capping”in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Limiting. B．Recording.
C．Identifying. D．Doubling.
3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．Seniors love good old days.
B．Cute animals have healing effects on seniors.
C．Giving makes seniors happy.
D．Stuffed animals have more than one function.
4．What does Patricia think of her giving experiences
A．Rewarding. B．Entertaining.
C．Timely. D．Tough.
Passage 2
A British woman，Dr.Mantri，growing up in India started to notice her son，Dhruv，was struggling with simple arithmetic when he was in fifth grade.After noticing this，she started employing an abacus(算盘)to help her son visually comprehend mathematics.
“I would ask him something like 35 minus 13 and he couldn't do it，”said Dhruv's mum Dr.Mantri.“I decided to change the way he looked at numbers，” she said.“An abacus is a tried and tested method，and the Egyptians used them for building the pyramid.” In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus and would go on to become a whizz kid with numbers，with even his classmates' parents reaching out for help.
She never thought she would teach her son using an abacus，which she used as a child in India and it was always helpful.Within six days she started to notice a difference and see results.So dramatic was the turnaround that school staff asked him to perform with the abacus at an assembly，where some parents even came to ask for advice on using it for their kids.
IT specialist Dr.Mantri said the humble abacus can be used for calculations into the trillions and kids enjoy learning on it because it's like a game.“ It becomes a playing tool for younger children，for it feels like a game.I think the success comes because children can touch and feel an abacus and visualize them，” she added.
By the age of 12，Dhruv was giving online cyber security seminars and is now pursuing a career in data science and analytics.Dhruv has now landed an apprenticeship(实习)at an international firm.During the four year apprenticeship，he will spend one day a week studying Data Science and Artificial Intelligence at Glasgow Caledonian University.“He is so confident now and I am so proud，” she said，with Dhruv adding “I don't think my teachers would have guessed that I would be following a career in data science at that time.”
5．Why did Dhrnv have difficulty in learning mathematics
A．He was faced with language barrier.
B．He didn't find a proper way.
C．He suffered from eyesight problems.
D．He lacked academic support from the family.
6．What does the underlined word“whizz”in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Careful. B．Diligent.
C．Outstanding. D．Struggling.
7．Why do kids like learning on abacus according to the text
A．They find it appealing.
B．They can calculate faster.
C．They enjoy playing games.
D．They are eager for success.
8. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Dhruv was addicted to the Internet at 12.
B．Dhruv is teaching data science and analytics now.
C．Dhruv is a full time student at Glasgow Caledonian University.
D．Dhruv's career choice was beyond his teachers' expectations.
Passage 3
In southeastern Brazil，local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet(鲻鱼)．On their own，it would be tricky to find the silvery fish.But the humans get help from an unusual partner：wild bottlenose dolphins.
With nets in hand，the fishers patiently wait as their cetacean(鲸类的)partners drive the fish toward the shore.A signal from the dolphins—usually a deep dive—indicates when they should cast their nets.This fishing partnership has passed down through the generations，lasting for more than a century.
While researchers knew humans profited from this pairing，they couldn't confirm whether it benefited the dolphins.Now，in a new study in ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences，researchers suggest cetaceans that hunt with humans have more chances to live than those that don't.
“Human wildlife cooperation in general is a rare phenomenon at a global scale，”says Mauricio Cantor，a biologist at Oregon State University and leader of the study.“Usually humans gain the benefit，and nature pays the cost.But this interaction has been happening for over 150 years.”
Fishers were more successful when they worked with the dolphins.When dolphins were present，the fishers were 17 times more likely to catch prey(猎物)and netted nearly four times more mullet when they timed their casting with the cetaceans' signals.Eighty six percent of all 4，955 mullet caught during the study period came from“synchronous(同时发生的)interactions”—when the allies organized their actions perfectly with one another.
The study also revealed dolphins hunting with humans had a 13 percent increase in the survival rate over other dolphins.These cooperative dolphins are more likely to stay near the shore，reducing their chance of entanglement(缠住)in illegal fishing equipment.Besides，the dolphins can take some fish directly from the fishers' harvest.
9．What do the first two paragraphs talk about concerning Brazilian fishers
A．They trick dolphins into fishing for them.
B．They harvest more fish with dolphins' help.
C．They have been training dolphins over a century.
D．They cast the fishing nets when dolphins surface.
10．What does Mauricio Cantor's research show
A．Nature favors human beings at a huge cost.
B．Fishers benefit from cooperating with cetaceans.
C．Human wildlife interactions are a new global trend.
D．Dolphins working with man have a higher survival rate.
11．What does the underlined word“allies”refer to in Paragraph 5
A．Prey. B．Mullet.
C．Partners. D．Researchers.
12．What's the author's main purpose in writing the text
A．To appeal for the protection of sea creatures.
B．To show a unique human dolphin relationship.
C．To applaud for development in fishing research.
D．To encourage fishers to better draw on dolphins.
Passage 4
Going against the tide of flocking(蜂拥)to well known yet generally jam packed tourist destinations on vacation，a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser known resorts to seek unique，relaxing holiday experiences.Reverse Tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.
Besides crowds，some vacationers chose less traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations，which often require pricey tickets，meals and hotel stays.“Tourism used to be about sightseeing.Now it is about experiences，”said Dai Bin，president of the China Tourism Academy.He said popular tourist spots are always packed and often raise their prices during holidays.As people become more mature travelers，they are increasingly unwilling to followtheherd．Some of them are simply looking to take a rest somewhere quiet for a couple of days，which is a good way to vacation.
In addition，lesser known attractions are not as “commercial”and“standardized”as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters，according to social media posts.And unlike popular destinations，some under explored places with little online exposure can offer more surprises.Besides，as precautionary measures continue，traveling has an unpredictable quality.A traveler has no way of knowing what lies ahead before departure，be it a perfect holiday or one interrupted by a sudden outbreak.
“The rise of Reverse Tourism is not a bad thing，”said an opinion piece in ZhengzhouDaily.It means that vacationers now have more options，which brings more possibilities to the tourism market，the article explains.More importantly，the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their achievements，it notes.
13．What is the feature of Reverse Tourism according to the passage
A．Popular destinations often raise their prices during holidays.
B．Less traveled places offer relaxing holiday experiences.
C．Popular destinations are not welcomed by people nowadays.
D．Less traveled places are increasingly valued among young people.
14．What does the underlined expression“follow the herd”mean in Paragraph 2
A．Do just what most people do.
B．Be particular about vacations.
C．Behave like the best visitors.
D．Seek unique travel experiences.
15．Why do people choose lesser known attractions based on social media posts
A．To create surprises on their own.
B．To explore the original beauty.
C．To promote the local tourism.
D．To escape the uncertainty in life.
16．What is the text mainly about
A．The promising future of Chinese tourism.
B．The challenges popular tourist spots are facing.
C．The way to explore the lesser known attractions.
D．The reason why people prefer Reverse Tourism.
Passage 5
From cottages surrounded by impressive gardens to days spent exploring sandy beaches and deep woods filled with wildlife，in MyFamilyandOtherAnimals，English writer Gerald Durrell provided a vivid account of his family's time on the Greek island of Corfu in the 1930s.
Come for the arresting descriptions of Corfu landscapes and stay for Durrell's laugh out loud tales of his unusual family.This book，Durrell wrote humorously in the introduction，“was intended to be a nostalgic(怀旧的)account of natural history，but in the first few pages，Imadethemistakeofintroducingmyfamily.”
Durrell，later known for his zoo keeping and the preservation of wildlife，was just a child during his family's five year stay in Corfu.He is the 10 year old Gerry in the book—curious，passionate about animals and a detailed storyteller of his strange family：his imaginative elder brother Larry with his literary ambitions，lovestruck sister Margo，sporty brother Leslie and his ever calm，loving mother.
Durrell's attention to detail is what makes the book so attractive，with every sight，sound and smell of the island brought to life.One minute you'll be laughing as Larry's clever literary friends walk down to the daffodil yellow cottage，and the next minute you'll be catching your breath as Durrell describes swimming at night in the Ionian Sea：“Lying on my back in the silky water，staring at the sky，only moving my hands and feet slightly，I was looking at the Milky Way stretching like a silk scarf across the sky and wondering how many stars it.”
MyFamilyandOtherAnimals is quite difficult to classify，being one part travel，one part autobiography，one part natural history，and one part comedy，with a thread of descriptive language running throughout that sometimes raises it nearly to poetry.
As a real delight to read，it's the perfect literary escapism for any adult or older teenager who is currently walking down a tough road in life.
17．Which word best describes Durrell's life in Corfu
A．Risky. B．Busy.
C．Tough. D．Diverse.
18．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 2
A．I introduced my family by mistake.
B．I shouldn't have introduced my family.
C．I couldn't help introducing my family.
D．I gave wrong information about my family.
19．What are Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about
A．The book's writing feature.
B．Durrell's rich imagination.
C．Some interesting plots of the book.
D．Some vivid descriptions of the island.
20．What is the purpose of this text
A．To share an experience.
B．To recommend a book.
C．To introduce a writing style.
D．To describe an unusual place.
Passage 6
The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949，I was a nine year old war refugee，who had lost the mother and was coming to live with the father I did not know.
I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High School.Shortly after I arrived，I was told to select a hobby to pursue during“club hours”．Theideaofhobbiesandclubsmadenosensetomyimmigrantears，but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class.She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd，the school newspaper adviser and English teacher.
A tough woman with salt and pepper hair and determined eyes，Miss Hurd had no patience with lazy bones.She drilled us in grammar，assigned stories for us to read and discuss，and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper.Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war torn homeland，making me proud of my origins.Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language.Owing to her inspiration，during my next twenty five years，I became a journalist by profession.
Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62.By then，she had taught for a total of 41 years.Even after her retirement，she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential.The students were mainly from the most troubled homes，yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love，until the spark caught fire.
Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing.But for Miss Hurd，I wouldn't have become a reporter.She was the one who sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.
21．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Hobbies and clubs did not interest the author.
B．The author turned a deaf ear to joining clubs.
C．Hobbies and clubs were inaccessible to immigrants like the author.
D．The author had no idea what hobbies and clubs were about.
22．Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently
A．Stepping on the American soil for the first time.
B．Being exposed to Greek literary works.
C．His mother's death.
D．Following the prettiest girl in his class.
23．It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that ________．
A．Miss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these students
B．Miss Hurd's contribution was recognized across the nation
C．students from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurd's teaching style
D．the students Miss Hurd taught were all finally fired
24．What is the text mainly about
A．How the author became a journalist.
B．The importance of inspiration in one's life.
C．The teacher who shaped the author's life.
D．Factors contributing to a successful career.
Passage 7
Cities have been described as essential to climate change solutions，but they can also raise the kinds of ecologists that will bring us into a more comprehensive biological future.
As a black wildlife biologist from Philadelphia，I stood out among my coworkers.My presence in ecology has challenged assumptions about not only what a biologist looks like，but also where a biologist comes from.In the U．S.，ecology was conducted in rural landscapes，but I had no history of camping，fishing，hunting or hiking.I had yet to recognize that Philadelphia，with its four seasons and the richness of squirrels(松鼠)，row houses and festivals，was actually my first ecological classroom.There I witnessed wild cats eating birds and rats，people shooting bats from their homes and snakes being killed by lawnmowers(割草机)．This is as much ecology in action as anything we witness in fields and forests.
Urban wild animals exhibit many features and behaviors that set them apart from their rural twins：They may be bigger，eat more diverse food，are active at different times of the day，move differently and have different personalities.Some biologists argue they are even“smarter”．Besides，urban wildlife balances more risks—such as road chemical poisons and diseases from domestic animals—with rewards.Some of those rewards come from humans providing food and some from the distribution of our parks and water bodies.
In our professional lives as biologists，living with such wild animals can make us more tolerant of species diversity，which can benefit the natural world.Nature is no longer only primitive wilderness but includes sounds of human laughter and garbage trucks.We expect more biologists from urban settings because urban environments naturally train keen observers who are the future of ecology.
25．Which made the author stand out among his coworkers
A．His nationality.
B．His city background.
C．His interest in outdoor activities.
D．His love for animals.
26．What does the underlined “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Urban wild animals. B．Rural animals.
C．Domestic animals. D．Wildlife biologists.
27．What do we know about urban wild animals
A．They have trouble in getting food.
B．They enjoy safer living conditions.
C．They do better in fighting diseases.
D．They are more adaptable to environment.
28．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Urban Wild Animals Survive
B．Benefits of City Conservation
C．Cities Build Better Biologists
D．A Black Biologist from Philadelphia
Passage 8
Does your life ever feel as if you're pushing a heavy car—one on which you've spent much money and that has now broken down？You've done everything right：you haven't invested heavily in a new business or quit your job to pursue your childhood dream of becoming a professional athlete.You have been a sensible adult living your sensible life.So why does it feel like such hard work
This has been me for the past few months.Earlier this year，I took a long hard look at my sources of income and decided to focus on the ones that provided the most money.I'm lucky enough to have had a good financial year.But despite doing the right thing，it has used up my energy and I've worked out why.
Years ago，I realized that I disliked hard work.Don't get me wrong.I don't mind working hard，but hard work isn't for me.What's the difference？For a start，hard work feels as if it never really gets going.You can push hard work and it might move a little but there's no celebratory moment when it gets done.Most importantly，hard work lacks joy.Working hard on a project you feel excited and moved by can be tiring and difficult，but it's ultimately joyful and that is what I've been missing.
So I asked myself what would feel scary but joyful and this is the answer.I'm going to write a romance.Of course，being a middle aged journalist who suddenly decides to write a book is nothing novel.However，for me，it hits the sweet spot between being joyful enough to make me want to do it and scary enough to make me feel it's worthwhile.
As with all good middle aged changes，this one hasn't really been thought through.I know little about writing fiction and even less about what makes a good book.I have the thinnest ideas for a plot but，for the first time in a while，I'm excited，I will be another Jane Austen with my fantasies which give me life.So now，I have to go and sharpen my pencil.
29．What can best describe the author's current feeling about life
A．A new business makes her feet fresh.
B．She has got everything under her control.
C．She is conflicted about living a sensible life.
D．A childhood dream inspires her to make more efforts.
30．What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Living a rather sensible life.
B．Identifying income sources.
C．Discovering new life goals.
D．Sorting out the author's jobs.
31．What's the author's understanding of hard work and working hard
A．Journalism is a career worth working hard.
B．Hard work is something either sweet or tiring.
C．Writing a romance is difficult but rewarding.
D．Working hard rarely brings about satisfaction.
32．What is probably the best title for the text
A．Dare to attempt
B．Middle aged job crisis
C．The celebratory moment
D．A future Jane Austen
Passage 9
Virtual reality can improve the brain activity that may be crucial for learning，memory and even treating Alzheimer's disease，a study on rats has found.
After monitoring the rats' brain activity，researchers from the University of California Los Angeles discovered the electrical activity in a region known as the hippocampus neurons differed depending on whether the rats were placed in real world or VR environments.The new findings are significant as the hippocampus is a primary driver of learning and memory in the brain.
When rats walk around in real life，the electrical activity in the hippocampus appears to synchronize(使同步)at a rate of eight heartbeats per second.Heartbeats at this frequency are generally known as“theta(Θ)waves”，with stronger Θ waves seeming to improve the brain's ability to learn and keep sensory information.When placed in a VR environment，the rats'Θ waves become stronger.
“It turns out that amazing things happen when the rats are in virtual reality，”said Prof Mayank Mehta from UCLA.The scientists also found that VR environments could change different electrical rhythms(节律)in different parts of the neurons，which indicates that scientists may be able to control human brain rhythms.
“This is a new technology that has great potential，”Mehta said.The study also indicates why VR may stimulate these unique brain waves.A big part of it，Mehta puts，may be down to the very different set of stimuli presented in VR.
Imagine that you're approaching a doorway in real life.Your eyes see the door getting larger.But how do you know that you're moving forward and the door isn't coming to you？The answer is that your brain uses information such as the acceleration of your head through space or the shift of weight from one foot to the other—information that may not be present during a VR experience.
33．According to the passage，why are the new findings important
A．VR's contributions to learning have finally been identified.
B．VR can affect the electrical activity in the hippocampus neurons.
C．VR produces the same effects on brains as real environments.
D．VR is likely to become another driver of learning and memory.
34．What can we learn about theta waves
A．They don't respond to different brain rhythms.
B．They remain stable in different environments.
C．They affect how human perceive knowledge.
D．They have little to do with the rate of heartbeats.
35．What does the underlined word“it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A．The potential of the new technology.
B．The control of human brain rhythms.
C．The change in different parts of neurons.
D．The stimulation of the unique brain waves.
36．How does the author introduce VR's different set of stimuli
A．By conducting further tests on rats.
B．By comparing different environments.
C．By providing a detailed analysis.
D．By explaining the theory of VR.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Patricia Gallagher收集毛绒玩具或者花，送给老人或者需要提神的人。
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Patricia Gallagher的话“I just got this idea of calling
two nursing homes at random and asking if I could come and read books on New Year's day”可知，Patricia Gallagher有了个主意，想随便给两家养老院打电话，问问她能不能在新年那天去给老人们读书。由此可知，2009年Patricia去养老院的目的是给老人们读书。
答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段画线词后的内容“she could only take in about 250 stuffed animals each week during the holiday season”可知，在收到太多毛绒玩具后，Patricia开始限制每次收集的毛绒玩具的数量。故画线词的意思是“限制”，与A项意义一致。
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The elderly want stuffed animals not only for comfort，but also because they were conversation starters”可知，老年人想要毛绒玩具不仅是为了得到安慰，而且还因为它们能成为聊天的话题。由此可知，毛绒玩具有不止一种功能。
答案：D
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段Patricia说的话“When you give，you really do get more back”可知，当付出的时候，真的会得到更多的回报。由此可知，Patricia认为她的捐赠经历是有意义的。故选A项。entertaining“有趣的”；timely“及时的”；tough“艰难的”。
答案：A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Mantri博士在儿子Dhruv上五年级时发现他数学很 差，她用算盘帮助儿子取得了很大的进步，现在Dhruv在学习数据科学和分析。
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I decided to change the way he looked at numbers”可知，Mantri博士决定改变儿子看待数字的方式。由此可以推断，Mantri博士的儿子学习数学的方法可能有问题，故B项正确。
答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。明题意：本题问“第二段中画线词‘whizz’是什么意思？”→寻线索：根据画线词所在句中的“In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus...with even his classmates' parents reaching out for help”可知，Mantri博士的儿子在6天内就用算盘取得了进步，他的同班同学的家长都开始来寻求帮助→定答案：由此可以推断，Mantri博士的儿子在数学上成了一个出色的孩子，故C项与画线词的意思最为接近。
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“kids enjoy learning on it because it's like a game”和“It becomes a playing tool for younger children，for it feels like a game”可知，孩子们喜欢用算盘学习是因为他们把算盘看作一种玩具，一种游戏，故C项正确。appealing“吸引人的”。
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I don't think my teachers would have guessed that I would be following a career in data science at that time”可以推断，Dhruv的职业选择可能超出了老师们的预期，故D项正确。
答案：D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。在巴西东南部，当地渔民和不寻常的伙伴——野生宽吻海豚合作捕鱼，这种习惯代代相传。这种合作带来的影响是渔民捕捉到猎物的可能性是原来的17倍，同时海豚的生存机会也增加了，这揭示了一种罕见的、独特的人与海豚和谐共处的共生关系。
解析：细节理解题。明题意：本题问“关于巴西渔民前两段说了什么？”→寻线索：根据第一段内容可知，渔民们自己捕鱼比较困难，但他们得到了海豚的帮助。再根据第二段中的“A signal from the dolphins...lasting for more than a century”可知，海豚会发出捕猎信号，暗示渔民何时撒网→定答案：由此可知，前两段主要讲述了渔民们在海豚的帮助下，
捕捉到了更多的鱼。
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now，in a new study...have more chances to live than those that don't”和第六段首句可知，Mauricio Cantor的研究表明了与人类一起捕猎的海豚比那些不和人类合作捕猎的海豚存活率高。
答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Fishers were more successful when they worked with the dolphins”“Eighty six percent of all...‘synchronous(同时发生的)interactions’”可知，渔民和海豚合作捕猎，效果更成功。在捕获的鱼中，86%的收获是和海豚们完美配合实现的。故此处表示渔民和海豚是盟友关系，画线词与C项意思最相近。
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段以及最后一段内容可知，文章介绍了渔民和海豚合作捕猎的传统现象。人类在海豚的帮助下收获更多鱼，而海豚也通过合作提高了生存几率。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是展示一种有着悠久历史的人与海豚相互依赖、相互帮助的独特合作关系。
答案：B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了“逆向旅行”的现象和造成此现象的原因。
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，在中国，越来越多的度假者倾向于把闲暇时间
花在不太知名的度假胜地，以寻求独特、轻松的度假体验，这与人们在度假时蜂拥前往知名但普遍拥挤的旅游目的地的潮流相反。“逆向旅游”已成为中国年轻度假者中流行的一种新趋势。由此可知，“逆向旅游”的特点是游客较少的地方越来越受到年轻人的重视。
答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Some of them are simply looking...to vacation”可知，他们中的一些人只是想找个安静的地方休息几天，这是一个很好的度假方式。由此可知，画线短语所在句的意思是“随着人们变为更成熟的旅行者，他们越来越不愿意随波逐流”。故画线短语的意思应是“跟随大多数人的做法”。
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“In addition，lesser known attractions...according to social media posts”可知，据一些社交媒体的帖子所说，不太知名的景点不像成熟景点那样“商业化”和“标准化”，能够提供更多真实的体验和自然的邂逅。由此可知，人们根据社交媒体上的帖子选择不太知名的景点为的是探索景点的原始美。
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。浏览全文可知，文章介绍了“逆向旅行”的现象，并重点分析了造成此现象的原因。
答案：D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要向读者推荐了英国作家Gerald Durrell的作
品《我的家人和其他动物》，并介绍了其内容、写作风格等。
解析：推理判断题。明题意：本题问“以下哪个词最好地描述了Durrell在科孚岛的生活？”→寻线索：根据第一段中的“From cottages surrounded...filled with wildlife”可知，书中记录了被花园包围的小屋、沙滩、充满野生生物的树林深处→定答案：据此可以推断，Durrell在科孚岛的生活丰富多彩。
答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。结合画线句前面的“was intended to be a nostalgic(怀旧的)account of natural history”可知，Durrell的原计划是记录自然历史，实际情况却是写了家人；根据画线句前面的“Durrell wrote humorously”可知，画线句的意思并非其字面意思。因此，Durrell在前面几页描写家人应是故意而为之，故C项与画线句的意义最为接近。
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Durrell's attention to detail is what makes the book...One minute you'll be laughing...the next minute...Durrell describes swimming”和第五段中的“being one part travel，one part autobiography，one part natural history，and one part comedy，with a thread of descriptive language”可知，第四、五段主要讲的是这本书的写作特点。
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据本文内容，尤其是最后一段“As a real delight to read...tough road in life”可知，本文的写作目的在于向读者推荐《我的家人和其他动物》这本书。
答案：B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的老师Marjorie Hurd对他的人生道路产生了重要影响。作者通过她了解了希腊文学这一宝贵财富，使得自己对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国刮目相看；也通过她了解了英语的逻辑与结构；同时多亏了她的鼓励，作者成了一名专业记者。
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线部分后的“but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class”这一意义上的转折可推知，作者对那些兴趣小组和俱乐部并不了解，因此就跟着班里最漂亮的女生做了选择，故D项正确。
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war torn homeland，making me proud of my origins.”可知，Hurd老师对希腊文学财富的介绍让作者对自己饱受战争蹂躏的祖国有了新的认识，并为它感到自豪，故B项正确。
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The students were...until the spark caught fire.”可知，Hurd老师用她独特的严厉的爱来“吓”和“吸引住”学生，直到他们“潜质的火花”成为“火”，故可推知A项正确。
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.”和最后一段中的“But for Miss Hurd，I wouldn't have become a reporter.”可知，本文主要介绍了一位对作者影响深远的老师。
答案：C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”是一位来自费城的黑人野生动物生物学家，在同事中脱颖而出。“我”观察到费城的野生动物不仅更能适应环境，还使得生物学家对生物多样性更加包容。
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a black wildlife...where a biologist comes from”
可知，作者是来自费城的黑人野生动物生物学家。由此可知，作者的城市背景让其在同事中脱颖而出。
答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句话的内容可知，城市野生动物有不同于农村野生动物的特征和行为，它们的体形可能更大，吃的食物更多样化，在一天中的不同时间活动，行动方式不同，性格也不同。结合画线词所在句可知，“they”指代上句的主语“Urban wild animals”。
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。各选项分析如下：
A 主观臆断——根据第三段中的“eat more diverse food”可知，城市野生动物吃的食物更多样，故A项与文意相反
B 主观臆断——根据第三段中的“urban wildlife balances more risks—such as road chemical poisons and diseases from domestic animals”可知，城市野生动物还要平衡更多的风险，例如道路化学毒物和家畜疾病，故B项与文意相反
C 无中生有——第三段中并没有提及城市野生动物对抗疾病的情况，实际描述的是它们更能适应城市生活的环境
D 根据第三段中的“urban wildlife...animals—with rewards”可知，城市野生动物还要平衡更多的风险，例如道路化学毒物和家畜疾病，由此可知，城市野生动物更能适应环境
答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段的尾句“We expect more...the future of ecology”，
再结合全文内容可知，本文从一位来自费城的黑人野生动物生物学家的角度阐述了城市环境能培养更好的野生动物生物学家的道理。
答案：C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者发现在一个让自己感到兴奋和感动的项目上努力工作可能会很累、很困难，但最终是快乐的，这是作者一直错过的工作和生活，后来，作者决定尝试写一本书，虽然这不是什么新鲜事，却让作者第一次感受到了兴奋。
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“You have been a sensible adult living your sensible life.So why does it feel like such hard work？”可知，作者对理智的生活感到矛盾。
答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段的“You have been a sensible adult...such hard work？”以及第二段的“This has been me...decided to focus on the ones that provided the most money...despite doing the right thing”可知，第二段画线词it指的是过着理智的生活，故A项正确。
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“However，for me，it hits the sweet spot between being joyful enough to make me want to do it and scary enough to make me feel it's worthwhile”可知，作者认为写浪漫小说很难，但是非常值得。
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。作者感到生活不如意，在勇取尝试写小说后，找到了人生的乐趣，与A项“Dare to attempt”意义一致。
答案：A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究员将老鼠置于真实世界和虚拟现实环境中，监测老鼠的海马体神经元的脑电活动。研究员发现，虚拟现实环境能够增强对学习、记忆力甚至治愈老年痴呆症至关重要的脑部活动。
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，当老鼠在真实世界走动时，其海马体的电活动以
每秒8个脉冲的速度同步活动，这个频率的心跳被称为Θ波。更强的Θ波似乎能提高大脑学习和保留感觉信息的能力，而在虚拟现实环境中，老鼠的Θ波变得更强。由此可见，新发现的重要性在于VR可以影响海马神经元的电活动。
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Heartbeats at this...keep sensory information”可知，此频率的心跳被称为“Θ波”，它可提高大脑的学习能力和保留感觉信息的能力。由此可推知，“Θ波”影响人类认知知识的程度。
答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“The study also...unique brain waves”可知，这项研究还表明了为什么虚拟现实可能刺激这些独特的脑波。由此可推知，Mehta发现，一大部分“对脑波的刺激”可能依赖于虚拟现实中的刺激物。故it指代“对脑波的刺激”。
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，在真实世界中，人的肉眼看到大门越来越大，知道自己是在向前走去，而非大门向自己走来。这种情况是靠人脑使用了头在空中的加速度信息，或者通过一只脚到另一只脚重量的转换信息。由此可推知．作者是通过比较不同的环境来介绍虚拟现实的不同刺激物。
答案：B
Every holiday season，Patricia Gallagher fills her car with stuffed animals and drives around Philadelphia.She gives them not to kids but to seniors.
Patricia's holiday tradition started in 2009.“I just got this idea of calling two nursing homes at random and asking if I could come and read books on New Year's day，”she said.She brought some of her kids' stuffed animals for the seniors to hold while she read.“But when I went to gather them and take them back to go to the next nursing home，nobody wanted to give up their stuffed animals，” she added.It was then and there that she realized the power of a simple holiday gift.
Patricia wanted to continue her tradition of giving，so she put an ad online，asking for gently used stuffed animals.In her first two years of collecting，she received more than 11，000 donated stuffed animals.She said sometimes local schools would hold stuffed animal collections on her behalf，or a child who outgrew their toys would donate.After receiving too many，Patricia started capping how many she would collect at a time，and said she could only take in about 250 stuffed animals each week during the holiday season.Then，she took them to nursing homes.
“The elderly want stuffed animals not only for comfort，but also because they were conversation starters and reminded them of their childhood，”she said.And she recalled one man said，“You know，I never wanted to go to school.And my father said if I would go that day，he would take me to the Brooklyn Zoo.And you know what？This was the first animal I saw there and it looked just like this giraffe.”
Spreading joy isn't just a holiday pastime for Patricia.She is also known as the “Happy Flower Lady”around Philadelphia，because she collects old flowers from stores and gives them to anyone who needs a pick me up.
“When you give，you really do get more back，”Patricia said.“Every morning，whether it's the flowers or the stuffed animals，I have a purpose.”
1．Why did Patricia go to the nursing homes in 2009
A．To send gifts to the seniors.
B．To read stories to the elderly.
C．To get over her loneliness.
D．To get rid of her kids' toys.
2．What does the underlined word“capping”in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Limiting. B．Recording.
C．Identifying. D．Doubling.
3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．Seniors love good old days.
B．Cute animals have healing effects on seniors.
C．Giving makes seniors happy.
D．Stuffed animals have more than one function.
4．What does Patricia think of her giving experiences
A．Rewarding. B．Entertaining.
C．Timely. D．Tough.
Passage 2
A British woman，Dr.Mantri，growing up in India started to notice her son，Dhruv，was struggling with simple arithmetic when he was in fifth grade.After noticing this，she started employing an abacus(算盘)to help her son visually comprehend mathematics.
“I would ask him something like 35 minus 13 and he couldn't do it，”said Dhruv's mum Dr.Mantri.“I decided to change the way he looked at numbers，” she said.“An abacus is a tried and tested method，and the Egyptians used them for building the pyramid.” In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus and would go on to become a whizz kid with numbers，with even his classmates' parents reaching out for help.
She never thought she would teach her son using an abacus，which she used as a child in India and it was always helpful.Within six days she started to notice a difference and see results.So dramatic was the turnaround that school staff asked him to perform with the abacus at an assembly，where some parents even came to ask for advice on using it for their kids.
IT specialist Dr.Mantri said the humble abacus can be used for calculations into the trillions and kids enjoy learning on it because it's like a game.“ It becomes a playing tool for younger children，for it feels like a game.I think the success comes because children can touch and feel an abacus and visualize them，” she added.
By the age of 12，Dhruv was giving online cyber security seminars and is now pursuing a career in data science and analytics.Dhruv has now landed an apprenticeship(实习)at an international firm.During the four year apprenticeship，he will spend one day a week studying Data Science and Artificial Intelligence at Glasgow Caledonian University.“He is so confident now and I am so proud，” she said，with Dhruv adding “I don't think my teachers would have guessed that I would be following a career in data science at that time.”
5．Why did Dhrnv have difficulty in learning mathematics
A．He was faced with language barrier.
B．He didn't find a proper way.
C．He suffered from eyesight problems.
D．He lacked academic support from the family.
6．What does the underlined word“whizz”in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Careful. B．Diligent.
C．Outstanding. D．Struggling.
7．Why do kids like learning on abacus according to the text
A．They find it appealing.
B．They can calculate faster.
C．They enjoy playing games.
D．They are eager for success.
8. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Dhruv was addicted to the Internet at 12.
B．Dhruv is teaching data science and analytics now.
C．Dhruv is a full time student at Glasgow Caledonian University.
D．Dhruv's career choice was beyond his teachers' expectations.
Passage 3
In southeastern Brazil，local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet(鲻鱼)．On their own，it would be tricky to find the silvery fish.But the humans get help from an unusual partner：wild bottlenose dolphins.
With nets in hand，the fishers patiently wait as their cetacean(鲸类的)partners drive the fish toward the shore.A signal from the dolphins—usually a deep dive—indicates when they should cast their nets.This fishing partnership has passed down through the generations，lasting for more than a century.
While researchers knew humans profited from this pairing，they couldn't confirm whether it benefited the dolphins.Now，in a new study in ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences，researchers suggest cetaceans that hunt with humans have more chances to live than those that don't.
“Human wildlife cooperation in general is a rare phenomenon at a global scale，”says Mauricio Cantor，a biologist at Oregon State University and leader of the study.“Usually humans gain the benefit，and nature pays the cost.But this interaction has been happening for over 150 years.”
Fishers were more successful when they worked with the dolphins.When dolphins were present，the fishers were 17 times more likely to catch prey(猎物)and netted nearly four times more mullet when they timed their casting with the cetaceans' signals.Eighty six percent of all 4，955 mullet caught during the study period came from“synchronous(同时发生的)interactions”—when the allies organized their actions perfectly with one another.
The study also revealed dolphins hunting with humans had a 13 percent increase in the survival rate over other dolphins.These cooperative dolphins are more likely to stay near the shore，reducing their chance of entanglement(缠住)in illegal fishing equipment.Besides，the dolphins can take some fish directly from the fishers' harvest.
9．What do the first two paragraphs talk about concerning Brazilian fishers
A．They trick dolphins into fishing for them.
B．They harvest more fish with dolphins' help.
C．They have been training dolphins over a century.
D．They cast the fishing nets when dolphins surface.
10．What does Mauricio Cantor's research show
A．Nature favors human beings at a huge cost.
B．Fishers benefit from cooperating with cetaceans.
C．Human wildlife interactions are a new global trend.
D．Dolphins working with man have a higher survival rate.
11．What does the underlined word“allies”refer to in Paragraph 5
A．Prey. B．Mullet.
C．Partners. D．Researchers.
12．What's the author's main purpose in writing the text
A．To appeal for the protection of sea creatures.
B．To show a unique human dolphin relationship.
C．To applaud for development in fishing research.
D．To encourage fishers to better draw on dolphins.
Passage 4
Going against the tide of flocking(蜂拥)to well known yet generally jam packed tourist destinations on vacation，a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser known resorts to seek unique，relaxing holiday experiences.Reverse Tourism has emerged as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.
Besides crowds，some vacationers chose less traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations，which often require pricey tickets，meals and hotel stays.“Tourism used to be about sightseeing.Now it is about experiences，”said Dai Bin，president of the China Tourism Academy.He said popular tourist spots are always packed and often raise their prices during holidays.As people become more mature travelers，they are increasingly unwilling to followtheherd．Some of them are simply looking to take a rest somewhere quiet for a couple of days，which is a good way to vacation.
In addition，lesser known attractions are not as “commercial”and“standardized”as developed ones and are able to offer more genuine experiences and natural encounters，according to social media posts.And unlike popular destinations，some under explored places with little online exposure can offer more surprises.Besides，as precautionary measures continue，traveling has an unpredictable quality.A traveler has no way of knowing what lies ahead before departure，be it a perfect holiday or one interrupted by a sudden outbreak.
“The rise of Reverse Tourism is not a bad thing，”said an opinion piece in ZhengzhouDaily.It means that vacationers now have more options，which brings more possibilities to the tourism market，the article explains.More importantly，the trend is set to force popular destinations to improve themselves instead of resting on their achievements，it notes.
13．What is the feature of Reverse Tourism according to the passage
A．Popular destinations often raise their prices during holidays.
B．Less traveled places offer relaxing holiday experiences.
C．Popular destinations are not welcomed by people nowadays.
D．Less traveled places are increasingly valued among young people.
14．What does the underlined expression“follow the herd”mean in Paragraph 2
A．Do just what most people do.
B．Be particular about vacations.
C．Behave like the best visitors.
D．Seek unique travel experiences.
15．Why do people choose lesser known attractions based on social media posts
A．To create surprises on their own.
B．To explore the original beauty.
C．To promote the local tourism.
D．To escape the uncertainty in life.
16．What is the text mainly about
A．The promising future of Chinese tourism.
B．The challenges popular tourist spots are facing.
C．The way to explore the lesser known attractions.
D．The reason why people prefer Reverse Tourism.
Passage 5
From cottages surrounded by impressive gardens to days spent exploring sandy beaches and deep woods filled with wildlife，in MyFamilyandOtherAnimals，English writer Gerald Durrell provided a vivid account of his family's time on the Greek island of Corfu in the 1930s.
Come for the arresting descriptions of Corfu landscapes and stay for Durrell's laugh out loud tales of his unusual family.This book，Durrell wrote humorously in the introduction，“was intended to be a nostalgic(怀旧的)account of natural history，but in the first few pages，Imadethemistakeofintroducingmyfamily.”
Durrell，later known for his zoo keeping and the preservation of wildlife，was just a child during his family's five year stay in Corfu.He is the 10 year old Gerry in the book—curious，passionate about animals and a detailed storyteller of his strange family：his imaginative elder brother Larry with his literary ambitions，lovestruck sister Margo，sporty brother Leslie and his ever calm，loving mother.
Durrell's attention to detail is what makes the book so attractive，with every sight，sound and smell of the island brought to life.One minute you'll be laughing as Larry's clever literary friends walk down to the daffodil yellow cottage，and the next minute you'll be catching your breath as Durrell describes swimming at night in the Ionian Sea：“Lying on my back in the silky water，staring at the sky，only moving my hands and feet slightly，I was looking at the Milky Way stretching like a silk scarf across the sky and wondering how many stars it.”
MyFamilyandOtherAnimals is quite difficult to classify，being one part travel，one part autobiography，one part natural history，and one part comedy，with a thread of descriptive language running throughout that sometimes raises it nearly to poetry.
As a real delight to read，it's the perfect literary escapism for any adult or older teenager who is currently walking down a tough road in life.
17．Which word best describes Durrell's life in Corfu
A．Risky. B．Busy.
C．Tough. D．Diverse.
18．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 2
A．I introduced my family by mistake.
B．I shouldn't have introduced my family.
C．I couldn't help introducing my family.
D．I gave wrong information about my family.
19．What are Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about
A．The book's writing feature.
B．Durrell's rich imagination.
C．Some interesting plots of the book.
D．Some vivid descriptions of the island.
20．What is the purpose of this text
A．To share an experience.
B．To recommend a book.
C．To introduce a writing style.
D．To describe an unusual place.
Passage 6
The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949，I was a nine year old war refugee，who had lost the mother and was coming to live with the father I did not know.
I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High School.Shortly after I arrived，I was told to select a hobby to pursue during“club hours”．Theideaofhobbiesandclubsmadenosensetomyimmigrantears，but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class.She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd，the school newspaper adviser and English teacher.
A tough woman with salt and pepper hair and determined eyes，Miss Hurd had no patience with lazy bones.She drilled us in grammar，assigned stories for us to read and discuss，and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper.Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war torn homeland，making me proud of my origins.Her efforts inspired me to understand the logic and structure of the English language.Owing to her inspiration，during my next twenty five years，I became a journalist by profession.
Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62.By then，she had taught for a total of 41 years.Even after her retirement，she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential.The students were mainly from the most troubled homes，yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love，until the spark caught fire.
Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing.But for Miss Hurd，I wouldn't have become a reporter.She was the one who sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.
21．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Hobbies and clubs did not interest the author.
B．The author turned a deaf ear to joining clubs.
C．Hobbies and clubs were inaccessible to immigrants like the author.
D．The author had no idea what hobbies and clubs were about.
22．Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently
A．Stepping on the American soil for the first time.
B．Being exposed to Greek literary works.
C．His mother's death.
D．Following the prettiest girl in his class.
23．It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that ________．
A．Miss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these students
B．Miss Hurd's contribution was recognized across the nation
C．students from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurd's teaching style
D．the students Miss Hurd taught were all finally fired
24．What is the text mainly about
A．How the author became a journalist.
B．The importance of inspiration in one's life.
C．The teacher who shaped the author's life.
D．Factors contributing to a successful career.
Passage 7
Cities have been described as essential to climate change solutions，but they can also raise the kinds of ecologists that will bring us into a more comprehensive biological future.
As a black wildlife biologist from Philadelphia，I stood out among my coworkers.My presence in ecology has challenged assumptions about not only what a biologist looks like，but also where a biologist comes from.In the U．S.，ecology was conducted in rural landscapes，but I had no history of camping，fishing，hunting or hiking.I had yet to recognize that Philadelphia，with its four seasons and the richness of squirrels(松鼠)，row houses and festivals，was actually my first ecological classroom.There I witnessed wild cats eating birds and rats，people shooting bats from their homes and snakes being killed by lawnmowers(割草机)．This is as much ecology in action as anything we witness in fields and forests.
Urban wild animals exhibit many features and behaviors that set them apart from their rural twins：They may be bigger，eat more diverse food，are active at different times of the day，move differently and have different personalities.Some biologists argue they are even“smarter”．Besides，urban wildlife balances more risks—such as road chemical poisons and diseases from domestic animals—with rewards.Some of those rewards come from humans providing food and some from the distribution of our parks and water bodies.
In our professional lives as biologists，living with such wild animals can make us more tolerant of species diversity，which can benefit the natural world.Nature is no longer only primitive wilderness but includes sounds of human laughter and garbage trucks.We expect more biologists from urban settings because urban environments naturally train keen observers who are the future of ecology.
25．Which made the author stand out among his coworkers
A．His nationality.
B．His city background.
C．His interest in outdoor activities.
D．His love for animals.
26．What does the underlined “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Urban wild animals. B．Rural animals.
C．Domestic animals. D．Wildlife biologists.
27．What do we know about urban wild animals
A．They have trouble in getting food.
B．They enjoy safer living conditions.
C．They do better in fighting diseases.
D．They are more adaptable to environment.
28．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Urban Wild Animals Survive
B．Benefits of City Conservation
C．Cities Build Better Biologists
D．A Black Biologist from Philadelphia
Passage 8
Does your life ever feel as if you're pushing a heavy car—one on which you've spent much money and that has now broken down？You've done everything right：you haven't invested heavily in a new business or quit your job to pursue your childhood dream of becoming a professional athlete.You have been a sensible adult living your sensible life.So why does it feel like such hard work
This has been me for the past few months.Earlier this year，I took a long hard look at my sources of income and decided to focus on the ones that provided the most money.I'm lucky enough to have had a good financial year.But despite doing the right thing，it has used up my energy and I've worked out why.
Years ago，I realized that I disliked hard work.Don't get me wrong.I don't mind working hard，but hard work isn't for me.What's the difference？For a start，hard work feels as if it never really gets going.You can push hard work and it might move a little but there's no celebratory moment when it gets done.Most importantly，hard work lacks joy.Working hard on a project you feel excited and moved by can be tiring and difficult，but it's ultimately joyful and that is what I've been missing.
So I asked myself what would feel scary but joyful and this is the answer.I'm going to write a romance.Of course，being a middle aged journalist who suddenly decides to write a book is nothing novel.However，for me，it hits the sweet spot between being joyful enough to make me want to do it and scary enough to make me feel it's worthwhile.
As with all good middle aged changes，this one hasn't really been thought through.I know little about writing fiction and even less about what makes a good book.I have the thinnest ideas for a plot but，for the first time in a while，I'm excited，I will be another Jane Austen with my fantasies which give me life.So now，I have to go and sharpen my pencil.
29．What can best describe the author's current feeling about life
A．A new business makes her feet fresh.
B．She has got everything under her control.
C．She is conflicted about living a sensible life.
D．A childhood dream inspires her to make more efforts.
30．What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Living a rather sensible life.
B．Identifying income sources.
C．Discovering new life goals.
D．Sorting out the author's jobs.
31．What's the author's understanding of hard work and working hard
A．Journalism is a career worth working hard.
B．Hard work is something either sweet or tiring.
C．Writing a romance is difficult but rewarding.
D．Working hard rarely brings about satisfaction.
32．What is probably the best title for the text
A．Dare to attempt
B．Middle aged job crisis
C．The celebratory moment
D．A future Jane Austen
Passage 9
Virtual reality can improve the brain activity that may be crucial for learning，memory and even treating Alzheimer's disease，a study on rats has found.
After monitoring the rats' brain activity，researchers from the University of California Los Angeles discovered the electrical activity in a region known as the hippocampus neurons differed depending on whether the rats were placed in real world or VR environments.The new findings are significant as the hippocampus is a primary driver of learning and memory in the brain.
When rats walk around in real life，the electrical activity in the hippocampus appears to synchronize(使同步)at a rate of eight heartbeats per second.Heartbeats at this frequency are generally known as“theta(Θ)waves”，with stronger Θ waves seeming to improve the brain's ability to learn and keep sensory information.When placed in a VR environment，the rats'Θ waves become stronger.
“It turns out that amazing things happen when the rats are in virtual reality，”said Prof Mayank Mehta from UCLA.The scientists also found that VR environments could change different electrical rhythms(节律)in different parts of the neurons，which indicates that scientists may be able to control human brain rhythms.
“This is a new technology that has great potential，”Mehta said.The study also indicates why VR may stimulate these unique brain waves.A big part of it，Mehta puts，may be down to the very different set of stimuli presented in VR.
Imagine that you're approaching a doorway in real life.Your eyes see the door getting larger.But how do you know that you're moving forward and the door isn't coming to you？The answer is that your brain uses information such as the acceleration of your head through space or the shift of weight from one foot to the other—information that may not be present during a VR experience.
33．According to the passage，why are the new findings important
A．VR's contributions to learning have finally been identified.
B．VR can affect the electrical activity in the hippocampus neurons.
C．VR produces the same effects on brains as real environments.
D．VR is likely to become another driver of learning and memory.
34．What can we learn about theta waves
A．They don't respond to different brain rhythms.
B．They remain stable in different environments.
C．They affect how human perceive knowledge.
D．They have little to do with the rate of heartbeats.
35．What does the underlined word“it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A．The potential of the new technology.
B．The control of human brain rhythms.
C．The change in different parts of neurons.
D．The stimulation of the unique brain waves.
36．How does the author introduce VR's different set of stimuli
A．By conducting further tests on rats.
B．By comparing different environments.
C．By providing a detailed analysis.
D．By explaining the theory of VR.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Patricia Gallagher收集毛绒玩具或者花，送给老人或者需要提神的人。
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Patricia Gallagher的话“I just got this idea of calling
two nursing homes at random and asking if I could come and read books on New Year's day”可知，Patricia Gallagher有了个主意，想随便给两家养老院打电话，问问她能不能在新年那天去给老人们读书。由此可知，2009年Patricia去养老院的目的是给老人们读书。
答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段画线词后的内容“she could only take in about 250 stuffed animals each week during the holiday season”可知，在收到太多毛绒玩具后，Patricia开始限制每次收集的毛绒玩具的数量。故画线词的意思是“限制”，与A项意义一致。
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The elderly want stuffed animals not only for comfort，but also because they were conversation starters”可知，老年人想要毛绒玩具不仅是为了得到安慰，而且还因为它们能成为聊天的话题。由此可知，毛绒玩具有不止一种功能。
答案：D
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段Patricia说的话“When you give，you really do get more back”可知，当付出的时候，真的会得到更多的回报。由此可知，Patricia认为她的捐赠经历是有意义的。故选A项。entertaining“有趣的”；timely“及时的”；tough“艰难的”。
答案：A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Mantri博士在儿子Dhruv上五年级时发现他数学很 差，她用算盘帮助儿子取得了很大的进步，现在Dhruv在学习数据科学和分析。
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I decided to change the way he looked at numbers”可知，Mantri博士决定改变儿子看待数字的方式。由此可以推断，Mantri博士的儿子学习数学的方法可能有问题，故B项正确。
答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。明题意：本题问“第二段中画线词‘whizz’是什么意思？”→寻线索：根据画线词所在句中的“In just six days he started to show progress with the abacus...with even his classmates' parents reaching out for help”可知，Mantri博士的儿子在6天内就用算盘取得了进步，他的同班同学的家长都开始来寻求帮助→定答案：由此可以推断，Mantri博士的儿子在数学上成了一个出色的孩子，故C项与画线词的意思最为接近。
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“kids enjoy learning on it because it's like a game”和“It becomes a playing tool for younger children，for it feels like a game”可知，孩子们喜欢用算盘学习是因为他们把算盘看作一种玩具，一种游戏，故C项正确。appealing“吸引人的”。
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I don't think my teachers would have guessed that I would be following a career in data science at that time”可以推断，Dhruv的职业选择可能超出了老师们的预期，故D项正确。
答案：D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。在巴西东南部，当地渔民和不寻常的伙伴——野生宽吻海豚合作捕鱼，这种习惯代代相传。这种合作带来的影响是渔民捕捉到猎物的可能性是原来的17倍，同时海豚的生存机会也增加了，这揭示了一种罕见的、独特的人与海豚和谐共处的共生关系。
解析：细节理解题。明题意：本题问“关于巴西渔民前两段说了什么？”→寻线索：根据第一段内容可知，渔民们自己捕鱼比较困难，但他们得到了海豚的帮助。再根据第二段中的“A signal from the dolphins...lasting for more than a century”可知，海豚会发出捕猎信号，暗示渔民何时撒网→定答案：由此可知，前两段主要讲述了渔民们在海豚的帮助下，
捕捉到了更多的鱼。
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Now，in a new study...have more chances to live than those that don't”和第六段首句可知，Mauricio Cantor的研究表明了与人类一起捕猎的海豚比那些不和人类合作捕猎的海豚存活率高。
答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Fishers were more successful when they worked with the dolphins”“Eighty six percent of all...‘synchronous(同时发生的)interactions’”可知，渔民和海豚合作捕猎，效果更成功。在捕获的鱼中，86%的收获是和海豚们完美配合实现的。故此处表示渔民和海豚是盟友关系，画线词与C项意思最相近。
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段以及最后一段内容可知，文章介绍了渔民和海豚合作捕猎的传统现象。人类在海豚的帮助下收获更多鱼，而海豚也通过合作提高了生存几率。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是展示一种有着悠久历史的人与海豚相互依赖、相互帮助的独特合作关系。
答案：B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了“逆向旅行”的现象和造成此现象的原因。
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，在中国，越来越多的度假者倾向于把闲暇时间
花在不太知名的度假胜地，以寻求独特、轻松的度假体验，这与人们在度假时蜂拥前往知名但普遍拥挤的旅游目的地的潮流相反。“逆向旅游”已成为中国年轻度假者中流行的一种新趋势。由此可知，“逆向旅游”的特点是游客较少的地方越来越受到年轻人的重视。
答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Some of them are simply looking...to vacation”可知，他们中的一些人只是想找个安静的地方休息几天，这是一个很好的度假方式。由此可知，画线短语所在句的意思是“随着人们变为更成熟的旅行者，他们越来越不愿意随波逐流”。故画线短语的意思应是“跟随大多数人的做法”。
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“In addition，lesser known attractions...according to social media posts”可知，据一些社交媒体的帖子所说，不太知名的景点不像成熟景点那样“商业化”和“标准化”，能够提供更多真实的体验和自然的邂逅。由此可知，人们根据社交媒体上的帖子选择不太知名的景点为的是探索景点的原始美。
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。浏览全文可知，文章介绍了“逆向旅行”的现象，并重点分析了造成此现象的原因。
答案：D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要向读者推荐了英国作家Gerald Durrell的作
品《我的家人和其他动物》，并介绍了其内容、写作风格等。
解析：推理判断题。明题意：本题问“以下哪个词最好地描述了Durrell在科孚岛的生活？”→寻线索：根据第一段中的“From cottages surrounded...filled with wildlife”可知，书中记录了被花园包围的小屋、沙滩、充满野生生物的树林深处→定答案：据此可以推断，Durrell在科孚岛的生活丰富多彩。
答案：D
解析：词句猜测题。结合画线句前面的“was intended to be a nostalgic(怀旧的)account of natural history”可知，Durrell的原计划是记录自然历史，实际情况却是写了家人；根据画线句前面的“Durrell wrote humorously”可知，画线句的意思并非其字面意思。因此，Durrell在前面几页描写家人应是故意而为之，故C项与画线句的意义最为接近。
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Durrell's attention to detail is what makes the book...One minute you'll be laughing...the next minute...Durrell describes swimming”和第五段中的“being one part travel，one part autobiography，one part natural history，and one part comedy，with a thread of descriptive language”可知，第四、五段主要讲的是这本书的写作特点。
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据本文内容，尤其是最后一段“As a real delight to read...tough road in life”可知，本文的写作目的在于向读者推荐《我的家人和其他动物》这本书。
答案：B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的老师Marjorie Hurd对他的人生道路产生了重要影响。作者通过她了解了希腊文学这一宝贵财富，使得自己对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国刮目相看；也通过她了解了英语的逻辑与结构；同时多亏了她的鼓励，作者成了一名专业记者。
解析：词句猜测题。根据画线部分后的“but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class”这一意义上的转折可推知，作者对那些兴趣小组和俱乐部并不了解，因此就跟着班里最漂亮的女生做了选择，故D项正确。
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my war torn homeland，making me proud of my origins.”可知，Hurd老师对希腊文学财富的介绍让作者对自己饱受战争蹂躏的祖国有了新的认识，并为它感到自豪，故B项正确。
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The students were...until the spark caught fire.”可知，Hurd老师用她独特的严厉的爱来“吓”和“吸引住”学生，直到他们“潜质的火花”成为“火”，故可推知A项正确。
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.”和最后一段中的“But for Miss Hurd，I wouldn't have become a reporter.”可知，本文主要介绍了一位对作者影响深远的老师。
答案：C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”是一位来自费城的黑人野生动物生物学家，在同事中脱颖而出。“我”观察到费城的野生动物不仅更能适应环境，还使得生物学家对生物多样性更加包容。
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a black wildlife...where a biologist comes from”
可知，作者是来自费城的黑人野生动物生物学家。由此可知，作者的城市背景让其在同事中脱颖而出。
答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句话的内容可知，城市野生动物有不同于农村野生动物的特征和行为，它们的体形可能更大，吃的食物更多样化，在一天中的不同时间活动，行动方式不同，性格也不同。结合画线词所在句可知，“they”指代上句的主语“Urban wild animals”。
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。各选项分析如下：
A 主观臆断——根据第三段中的“eat more diverse food”可知，城市野生动物吃的食物更多样，故A项与文意相反
B 主观臆断——根据第三段中的“urban wildlife balances more risks—such as road chemical poisons and diseases from domestic animals”可知，城市野生动物还要平衡更多的风险，例如道路化学毒物和家畜疾病，故B项与文意相反
C 无中生有——第三段中并没有提及城市野生动物对抗疾病的情况，实际描述的是它们更能适应城市生活的环境
D 根据第三段中的“urban wildlife...animals—with rewards”可知，城市野生动物还要平衡更多的风险，例如道路化学毒物和家畜疾病，由此可知，城市野生动物更能适应环境
答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段的尾句“We expect more...the future of ecology”，
再结合全文内容可知，本文从一位来自费城的黑人野生动物生物学家的角度阐述了城市环境能培养更好的野生动物生物学家的道理。
答案：C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者发现在一个让自己感到兴奋和感动的项目上努力工作可能会很累、很困难，但最终是快乐的，这是作者一直错过的工作和生活，后来，作者决定尝试写一本书，虽然这不是什么新鲜事，却让作者第一次感受到了兴奋。
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“You have been a sensible adult living your sensible life.So why does it feel like such hard work？”可知，作者对理智的生活感到矛盾。
答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段的“You have been a sensible adult...such hard work？”以及第二段的“This has been me...decided to focus on the ones that provided the most money...despite doing the right thing”可知，第二段画线词it指的是过着理智的生活，故A项正确。
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“However，for me，it hits the sweet spot between being joyful enough to make me want to do it and scary enough to make me feel it's worthwhile”可知，作者认为写浪漫小说很难，但是非常值得。
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。作者感到生活不如意，在勇取尝试写小说后，找到了人生的乐趣，与A项“Dare to attempt”意义一致。
答案：A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究员将老鼠置于真实世界和虚拟现实环境中，监测老鼠的海马体神经元的脑电活动。研究员发现，虚拟现实环境能够增强对学习、记忆力甚至治愈老年痴呆症至关重要的脑部活动。
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，当老鼠在真实世界走动时，其海马体的电活动以
每秒8个脉冲的速度同步活动，这个频率的心跳被称为Θ波。更强的Θ波似乎能提高大脑学习和保留感觉信息的能力，而在虚拟现实环境中，老鼠的Θ波变得更强。由此可见，新发现的重要性在于VR可以影响海马神经元的电活动。
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Heartbeats at this...keep sensory information”可知，此频率的心跳被称为“Θ波”，它可提高大脑的学习能力和保留感觉信息的能力。由此可推知，“Θ波”影响人类认知知识的程度。
答案：C
解析：词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“The study also...unique brain waves”可知，这项研究还表明了为什么虚拟现实可能刺激这些独特的脑波。由此可推知，Mehta发现，一大部分“对脑波的刺激”可能依赖于虚拟现实中的刺激物。故it指代“对脑波的刺激”。
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，在真实世界中，人的肉眼看到大门越来越大，知道自己是在向前走去，而非大门向自己走来。这种情况是靠人脑使用了头在空中的加速度信息，或者通过一只脚到另一只脚重量的转换信息。由此可推知．作者是通过比较不同的环境来介绍虚拟现实的不同刺激物。
答案：B