2016年牛津版必修一Unit 2 Growing pains Grammar 教案

The Fifth Period Language Study
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target language 目标语言
重点词汇和短语
nursery, rhythm, recite, run out of
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable the students to learn to use the subjunctive mood.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to use the subjunctive mood.
Teaching important & difficult points 教学重难点
The subjunctive mood.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Task-based activities.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A computer and a projector.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
Step ⅠGrammar Focus
Talk about “subjunctive mood”.
T: During the previo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )us periods, we learned a lot about nursery rhymes for which we practiced a lot on the “if I ...” pattern. The “If I ...” poem works so well because it allows you to follow one of the first rules of writing: Write about the things you know. Write about something that you feel very strongly about. Next we are going to talk about the “if” pattern.
Show the following to the students.
虚拟情况 条件句 结果主句
(1)与过去事实相反 If +主语 + had + 过去分词 主语 + would (should, could, might) + have + 过去分词
(2)与现在事实相反 If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 用were） 主语 + would (should, could, might) + 动词原形
(3)与将来事实相反 If +主语+should / were to 主语 + would （should, could, might）+ 动词原形
(4)错综时间条件句（即主从句表示不同时间的动作） 根据句义采用不同时态
Ask the students to read the following examples repeatedly.
(1) If anything had happened, he would have let her know.
I should have talked to mother if I had thought of it.
If I had been less cautious I might have been wiser.
If it had not been for Margaret, I might not have understood.
No doubt I could have earned something if I had really meant to.
He did everything for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) me that my father could have done if he had lived.
(2) If wishes were horses, beggars would ride.
If I were you, I’d go to night school.
If we were men, we’d be doing something decent now.
I tell you, you wouldn’t be anywhere at all if it weren’t for Ruth.
Indeed, if there were anything to tell, I would tell it to you.
If you had your choice, where would you go
Would you mind very much if I asked you to do something
If he went, would you go too
I think it would be much better if you got a job.
Wouldn’t it be better ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) if you made an appointment to see him at the office
(3) I thought ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) if you were to speak to him, it would carry more weight.
But if she were to lose her place they would be ruined.
I’m sure you’d be t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he first to be sorry if anything was to happen to him.
If they were to h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ear you talking, they’d think you were a school teacher.
I should be most ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )happy to go down with you if I should not be in the way.
If it should be necessary, I could come at six.
(4) If it hadn’t been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )for the doctor’s care, I should not be speaking to you now.
I think we should have been told if there was anything up.
If you’d listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.
Then ask the students to do the exercises in the workbook.
T: As for the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) subjunctive mood, we usually have the above structures. The only thing to do is to decide which pattern we should use. Now do Exercises 2, 3 and 4 on page 51.
Step II Homework
Ask the students to do the task in PROJECT.
附 件
1. 虚拟语气
主要用于条件状语从句，其它从句或口语中。
1) 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中
情况 从句动词形式 主句中动词形式
与现在相反 were过去式动词过去式助动词 + v. would / should / could / might + v.
If he were rich, he would buy the house. If Mary found the book, she would bring it to you. We could ask her if she were here.
与过去事实相反 had + pp would / should / could / might + have + pp
If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.If you had come earlier, you might have caught the train. I should have called you if I had known your telephone number.
与将来事实相反 should / were to would / should / could / might + v.
If I should fail, I would do it again.If the sun were to rise in the west, I would not marry him.
2) 虚拟语气在主语从句中
句型（1）： 表“做某事是必要的或重要的”(should应该，将要)It is necess ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ary / natural / imperative / important / proper / urgent that + S + should + v / v / be + ppIt is necessary that he take the examination. It is proper that she refuse the offer.
句型（2）：表“情绪活动方面的主观看法” (should居然，竟然)It is a pity / stra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nge / surprising / wonderful / no wonder / funny / a matter of regret that + S+ should + v / vIt is strange that she should marry such a man. It is a pity that the boy should be so proud.
句型（3）：It is desired / ord ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ered / requested / suggested / proposed / arranged / has been decided that + S + should + v / vIt is suggested that a meeting should be held. It was arranged that they leave the following week.It has been decided that the meeting be put off till next Saturday.
3）虚拟语气在宾语从句中
句型（1）： wish + 宾语从句（不可能实现的愿望）wish + S + 过去式（现在）wish + S + had + pp（过去）wish + S + could / would / should / might + v（将来）I wish I were rich. I wish I had been in Hong Kong last year. We wish he would speak English.
句型（2）：表“建议、要求、坚持、命令”等动词后的宾语从句中 (should将做，该做)S + require / req ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uest / recommend / propose / order / command / insist / suggest / demand / ask + that + S + should + v / vThe officer ordered ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that all the soldiers get ready. They insisted that we begin the work at once. 注：1）insist“坚持，坚持主张（认为）” 强调事实或经验，用陈述语气。 I insisted that it was an accident. 2）suggest“暗示，启发” 用陈述语气。The look on his face suggested that he was unhappy.
4）虚拟语气在表语从句或同位语从句中
Suggestion, plan, i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dea, order, advice, requirement, request, motion, proposal, recommendation 等后的表语从句或同位语从句中用should + v / vMy suggestion is that we visit Paris.Her idea is that they discuss the report. What do you think of the plan that our classes be ended at the end of this month
5）虚拟语气在定语从句中
It is / was about / high time (that) + S + 过去式动词 / should + vIt is time we went home. It is time we should go.It is time for us to go home.
6）在as if / though, even if / though 从句中，或目的状语从句和让步状语从句中
情 况 例 句
as if It seems as if it were a fine day.He speaks as if he were a professor.
so thatin order that We study hard s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o that we may work well. The teacher spoke slowly in order that the students could hear clearly.
whateverwhoeverno matter what no matter how Whatever be the difficulties, we must go on with the work. No matter what you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )may say, I am determined to do what I think is right. You mustn’t be proud, however much you may achieved.
7）其它情况
But for = With ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out / I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f it were not for / But that + S + 现在式 v + n, S + should / could / would / might + vBut for your help / Without your help, / If it were not for your help, / But that you help him, he would fail.
2. 文化背景知识
Narrative, lyric, dramatic
As an art form, poe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )try is thousands of years old. There are three basic types of poem: the narrative poem, the lyric poem, and the dramatic poem. Of course any poem may contain elements of all three, but essentially you will find that anything you read falls into one of these categories.
The narrative poem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tells a story. This might, for example, be a rhyming ballad or an epic like Homer’s Odyssey, or it might be a much shorter poem which tells a tale.
The lyric poem is of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ten short, and tends to be written in the first person about an intense private experience.
The dramatic poem assu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mes a voice (often the voice of someone who is clearly not the poet) or voices.
3. 读小诗学英语
If
If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you;
If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,
But make allowance for their doubting too;
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or, being lied about, don’t deal in lies,
Or, being hated, don’t give way to hating,
And yet don’t look too good, nor talk too wise;
If you can dream-and not make dreams your master;
If you can think-and not make thoughts your aim;
If you can meet with triumph and disaster
And treat those two impostors just the same;
If you can bear to hear the truth you’ve spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools,
Or watch the things you gave your life to broken,
And stoop and build ‘em up with wornout tools;
If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings
And never breathe a word about your loss;
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them “Hold on!”;
If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with Kings-nor lose the common touch;
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you;
If all men count with you, but none too much;
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds’ worth of distance run
Yours is the Earth and everything that’s in it,
And-which is more-you’ll be a Man my son!
The Pride of Youth
Proud Maisie is in the wood,
Walking so early;
Sweet Robin sits on the bush,
Singing so rarely.
“tell me, thou bonny bird,
when shall I marry me ”
“when six braw gentlemen
kirkward shall carry ye.”
“Who makes the bridal bed,
birdie, say truly ”
“The gray-headed sexton
That delves the grave duly.”
“The glowworm o’er grave and stone
Shall light thee steady;
The owl from the steeple sing,
Welcome, proud lady.”
Saying Goodbye to Cambridge Again
Very quietly I take my leave,
As quietly as I came here;
Quietly I wave goodbye
To the rosy clouds in the western sky.
The golden willows by the riverside
Are young bridges in the setting sun;
Their reflections on the shimmering waves
Always linger in the depth of my heart.
The floating heart growing in the sludge
Sways leisurely under the water,
In the gentle waves of Cambridge,
I would be a water plant
That pool under the shade of elm trees
Holds not water but the rainbow from the sky;
Shattered to pieces among the duck weeds
Is the sediment of a rainbow-like dream.
To seek a dream Just to pole a boat upstream
To where the green grass is more verdant;
Or to have the boat fully loaded with starlight
And sing aloud in the splendor of starlight.
But I cannot sing aloud:
Quietness is my farewell music;
Even summer in sects keep silence for me;
Silent is Cambridge tonight!
Very quietly I take my leave,
As quietly as I came here;
Gently I flick my sleeves,
Not even a wisp of cloud will I bring away.