Unit 8 A green world 单元核心语法讲解与训练（含答案） 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册
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| 名称 | Unit 8 A green world 单元核心语法讲解与训练（含答案） 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-05-27 15:08:47 | ||
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8B Unit8 A green world
单元语法讲解与训练
【一般将来时的被动语态用法讲解】
1. 被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作。例:
(1)He will be / is going to be taken to hospital in a few minutes. 他几分钟之内就会被送至医院。
(2)The food will be/is going to be eaten by the dog soon. 这些食物马上就会被狗吃掉。
2.被动语态一般将来时的构成：
主语 will be/be going to be 过去分词
一般将来时 I will be/am going to be helped
You/We/They will be/are going to be
He/She/It will be/is going to be
【注意】
主语是第一人称时，被动语态的一般将来时也可以用shall be+动词的过去分词来表达，例：
I will be / shall be punished if I cut down a tree. 如果我砍了树将会受到惩罚。
2.主动表被动的几种情形。
(1)系动词，如look， sound， smell，taste , feel 等，要用主动表示被动。例：
①The dish smells good.这道菜闻起来很香。
②The music sounds nice.这段音乐听起来不错。
(2)当wash、cook， clean，sell， grow，write等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性，常与well ,easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用，此时用主动表被动含义。例:
①The books Sell well.这些书很畅销。
② The pen writes Smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。
（3）某些表示开始或结束的动词，如begin, start, finish , end等，当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者，可用主动表被动。例：
The TV play ended at ten last night. 这部电视剧昨晚10点结束了。
3.感官动词(see, hear , watch , feel ,notice 等)和使役动词（make, let, have 等）的主动语态句式中，动词不定式的to常省去，但是在被动语态中要加上to 。例：
主动语态 主语 The teacher I 谓语(主动式) made saw 宾语 him him 不带to的不定式 retell the story play football.
被动语态 原宾语(改为主格) He/ He 谓语(被动式) was made/was seen 带to的不定式 to retell the story/to play football by 原主语(改为宾格) the teacher./ I
阶梯训练
一、将下列主动句变为被动句
1.We will hold a sport meeting next week.
A sport meeting _______ _______ ________ neat week.
2.He will help me with my homework tonight.
I will ______ _______ with my homework .
3.The students will plant trees in the park this Sunday.
Trees _______ _______ ______ by the students in the park this Sunday.
4.Mr Green will make his son learn English at home this Saturday.
Mr Green’s son will be ________ _______ ______English at home this Saturday.
5.We will save water if we can’t protect it.
The water will ______ _______ _______ by ______ if we can’t protect it.
6.The students will not discuss the show after lunch.
The show______ _______ _______ by the students after lunch.
7. Will the teacher give us a talk about how to learn English well
______ the talk about how to learn English well ______ _______ by the teacher
8. They will invite Jay Chou to the charity show.
Jay Chou will _______ _______ to the charity show by ________.
9. The chairman will ask us to donate money to the poor students.
We will be _________ _______ donate money to the poor students by the chairman.
10. If we obey the traffic rules , the policemen will punish us.
We will ______ ________ by the policemen if we obey the traffic rules.
二、句型转换(1-5改为主动句,6-8改为被动句,9-10对划线部分提问)
1.The building will be finished next month by the workers.
The workers ______ ______ the building next month.
2.The floor won’t be cleaned by Mum because she is very busy.
Mum_______ ______ the floor because she is very busy
3.Will her homework be handed in on time in a moment
____ ________ ________ in her homework on time in a moment
4. The sports meeting was held by the students yesterday.
The students _________ sports meeting yesterday.
5.Mum makes breakfast for me every day.
Breakfast ______ _______ for me by Mum every day.
6. Do you often hear her sing songs
_____ she often _______ _________ sing songs
7.Did she make you work for a long time
______ you _______ _______ _______ by her for a long time
8.I spend 20 minutes doing my homework every day.
20 minutes ________ __________doing my homework by _______ every day.
9. A lot of money was donated to the children in poor areas .
_____ _________ donated to the children in poor areas
10. Timmy will be invited to the Xuan Wu Lake Park tomorrow.
________ _______ Timmy _______ _______ to tomorrow
三、单项选择
1. Hundreds of jobs ______ if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose
2. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment (实验器材)______.
A. is damaged（损坏） B. had damaged
C. will be damaged D. was damaged
3. I need one more stamp before my collection ______.
A. has completed B. completes
C. is completed D. will be completed
4. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ______ to arrive.
A. is expecting B. expects C. is expected D. will be expected
5. My bike ______so I had to take a taxi to school.
A. is broken B. was broken C. broke D. broken
6. —Oh, this is really a big shop . Do you know when it ________
A. built B. was built C. has built D. has been built
7.I know she won’t come to join us unless she ________ to do.
A. tells B. has told C. is told D. told
8. The pizza _________by my mother . Would you like to have some
A. was made B. is made C. will be made D. made
9. Today computers ______ in both cities and towns.
A. were using B. are used C. were used D. are using
10. —These bananas look good and they are sweet.
— Right. They _______ here form Taiwan yesterday.
A. was brought B. were brought C. bring D. are brought
四、用合适的时态和语态成下面的短文。
Pollution _________(become) a serious problem for a long time all around the world. In many places , rubbish __________(throw) into lakes and rivers , so some of them _____(pollute). And because the cars are becoming more and more, the air is also _________(fill) with pollution. So we should try our best to protect our environment. We can learn from Switzerland. In Switzerland, plastic and paper __________(separate) into different groups and then _______(recycle). Old clothes ________(collect) from all over the country and then _______(sell) in charity shows , some ________(give) to the poor , and the others _______(send) to factories for recycling.
Our government _________(do) something to protect the environment in the past few years. We believe more better actions __________ (take) in the future. Luckily , a talk on how to make our environment better __________(give) to our students yesterday. More students and teachers decide to try our best to protect our environment.
参考答案
阶梯训练
一.将下列主动句变为被动句
1.will be held 2.be helped 3.will be planted 4.made to learn 5.be run 6.won’t be discussed 7.will be given 8.be invited them 9.asked to 10.be punished
二.句型转换
1.will finish 2.won’t clean 3.Will she hand 4.held 5.was made 6.Is heard to 7.Were made to work 8.are spent me 9.What was 10.Where will be invited
三、 单项选择
1-5 BCCCB 6-10 BCABB
四、用合适的时态和语态成下面的短文
has become is thrown are polluted filled are separated recycled are collected are sold are given are sent has done will be taken was given
单元语法讲解与训练
【一般将来时的被动语态用法讲解】
1. 被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作。例:
(1)He will be / is going to be taken to hospital in a few minutes. 他几分钟之内就会被送至医院。
(2)The food will be/is going to be eaten by the dog soon. 这些食物马上就会被狗吃掉。
2.被动语态一般将来时的构成：
主语 will be/be going to be 过去分词
一般将来时 I will be/am going to be helped
You/We/They will be/are going to be
He/She/It will be/is going to be
【注意】
主语是第一人称时，被动语态的一般将来时也可以用shall be+动词的过去分词来表达，例：
I will be / shall be punished if I cut down a tree. 如果我砍了树将会受到惩罚。
2.主动表被动的几种情形。
(1)系动词，如look， sound， smell，taste , feel 等，要用主动表示被动。例：
①The dish smells good.这道菜闻起来很香。
②The music sounds nice.这段音乐听起来不错。
(2)当wash、cook， clean，sell， grow，write等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性，常与well ,easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用，此时用主动表被动含义。例:
①The books Sell well.这些书很畅销。
② The pen writes Smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。
（3）某些表示开始或结束的动词，如begin, start, finish , end等，当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者，可用主动表被动。例：
The TV play ended at ten last night. 这部电视剧昨晚10点结束了。
3.感官动词(see, hear , watch , feel ,notice 等)和使役动词（make, let, have 等）的主动语态句式中，动词不定式的to常省去，但是在被动语态中要加上to 。例：
主动语态 主语 The teacher I 谓语(主动式) made saw 宾语 him him 不带to的不定式 retell the story play football.
被动语态 原宾语(改为主格) He/ He 谓语(被动式) was made/was seen 带to的不定式 to retell the story/to play football by 原主语(改为宾格) the teacher./ I
阶梯训练
一、将下列主动句变为被动句
1.We will hold a sport meeting next week.
A sport meeting _______ _______ ________ neat week.
2.He will help me with my homework tonight.
I will ______ _______ with my homework .
3.The students will plant trees in the park this Sunday.
Trees _______ _______ ______ by the students in the park this Sunday.
4.Mr Green will make his son learn English at home this Saturday.
Mr Green’s son will be ________ _______ ______English at home this Saturday.
5.We will save water if we can’t protect it.
The water will ______ _______ _______ by ______ if we can’t protect it.
6.The students will not discuss the show after lunch.
The show______ _______ _______ by the students after lunch.
7. Will the teacher give us a talk about how to learn English well
______ the talk about how to learn English well ______ _______ by the teacher
8. They will invite Jay Chou to the charity show.
Jay Chou will _______ _______ to the charity show by ________.
9. The chairman will ask us to donate money to the poor students.
We will be _________ _______ donate money to the poor students by the chairman.
10. If we obey the traffic rules , the policemen will punish us.
We will ______ ________ by the policemen if we obey the traffic rules.
二、句型转换(1-5改为主动句,6-8改为被动句,9-10对划线部分提问)
1.The building will be finished next month by the workers.
The workers ______ ______ the building next month.
2.The floor won’t be cleaned by Mum because she is very busy.
Mum_______ ______ the floor because she is very busy
3.Will her homework be handed in on time in a moment
____ ________ ________ in her homework on time in a moment
4. The sports meeting was held by the students yesterday.
The students _________ sports meeting yesterday.
5.Mum makes breakfast for me every day.
Breakfast ______ _______ for me by Mum every day.
6. Do you often hear her sing songs
_____ she often _______ _________ sing songs
7.Did she make you work for a long time
______ you _______ _______ _______ by her for a long time
8.I spend 20 minutes doing my homework every day.
20 minutes ________ __________doing my homework by _______ every day.
9. A lot of money was donated to the children in poor areas .
_____ _________ donated to the children in poor areas
10. Timmy will be invited to the Xuan Wu Lake Park tomorrow.
________ _______ Timmy _______ _______ to tomorrow
三、单项选择
1. Hundreds of jobs ______ if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose
2. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment (实验器材)______.
A. is damaged（损坏） B. had damaged
C. will be damaged D. was damaged
3. I need one more stamp before my collection ______.
A. has completed B. completes
C. is completed D. will be completed
4. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front ______ to arrive.
A. is expecting B. expects C. is expected D. will be expected
5. My bike ______so I had to take a taxi to school.
A. is broken B. was broken C. broke D. broken
6. —Oh, this is really a big shop . Do you know when it ________
A. built B. was built C. has built D. has been built
7.I know she won’t come to join us unless she ________ to do.
A. tells B. has told C. is told D. told
8. The pizza _________by my mother . Would you like to have some
A. was made B. is made C. will be made D. made
9. Today computers ______ in both cities and towns.
A. were using B. are used C. were used D. are using
10. —These bananas look good and they are sweet.
— Right. They _______ here form Taiwan yesterday.
A. was brought B. were brought C. bring D. are brought
四、用合适的时态和语态成下面的短文。
Pollution _________(become) a serious problem for a long time all around the world. In many places , rubbish __________(throw) into lakes and rivers , so some of them _____(pollute). And because the cars are becoming more and more, the air is also _________(fill) with pollution. So we should try our best to protect our environment. We can learn from Switzerland. In Switzerland, plastic and paper __________(separate) into different groups and then _______(recycle). Old clothes ________(collect) from all over the country and then _______(sell) in charity shows , some ________(give) to the poor , and the others _______(send) to factories for recycling.
Our government _________(do) something to protect the environment in the past few years. We believe more better actions __________ (take) in the future. Luckily , a talk on how to make our environment better __________(give) to our students yesterday. More students and teachers decide to try our best to protect our environment.
参考答案
阶梯训练
一.将下列主动句变为被动句
1.will be held 2.be helped 3.will be planted 4.made to learn 5.be run 6.won’t be discussed 7.will be given 8.be invited them 9.asked to 10.be punished
二.句型转换
1.will finish 2.won’t clean 3.Will she hand 4.held 5.was made 6.Is heard to 7.Were made to work 8.are spent me 9.What was 10.Where will be invited
三、 单项选择
1-5 BCCCB 6-10 BCABB
四、用合适的时态和语态成下面的短文
has become is thrown are polluted filled are separated recycled are collected are sold are given are sent has done will be taken was given