余姚中学 2023 学年第二学期高二期中检测
英语试题卷
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节：（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Places to Visit in Canada
Thinking about exploring Canada Here is the perfect list of the great places that are worthy of being visited in Canada on your trip.
Niagara Falls
Have a great time enjoying the views and taking pictures of the cascading (倾泄) falls. You’ll have a matchless sightseeing experience when you visit it at night.
Best time to visit: June - August
How to reach: The nearest airport is just 30-40 minutes away. You can take a cab and reach the falls easily.
Things to do: Witness the excellent waterfalls Spend time at the MarineLand
Whistler
Home to one of the largest ski resorts in North America, it’s one of the best places in Canada for winter holidays. Skiing and snowshoeing are two thrilling sports to indulge (沉迷) in. You can enjoy yourself in this fascinating snow land!
Best time to visit: June - August, December - March
How to reach: The nearest airport is 2.5 hours away from Whistler. You can take a cab and reach Whistler easily.
Things to do: Take part in snowmobiling Visit dozens of art museums and cultural centers
Quebec City
Have an amazing time with your partner in the magical city. It is one of the most charming places to see in Canada because of art and cultural scenes.
Best time to visit: June, September - December
How to reach: You can take a cab from the airport to reach the city easily.
Things to do: Visit the historic attractions Walk along the scenic Terrasse Dufferin
Butchart Gardens
It’s the best place to explore with a camera in hand. With a charming display of flowers around and fun boat tours, there’s a lot to see and do!
Best time to visit: July & August
How to reach: The best way is by taking bus number 75.
Things to do: Capture the excellent flowers around Witness the fireworks show
21. According to the text, what can NOT be done while visiting the Niagara Falls
A. See the stunning waterfalls. B. Visit a charming flower display.
C. Enjoy a matchless night view. D. Tour around the MarineLand.
22. What do Whistler and Quebec City have in common
A. They are open in the same months. B. They are both accessible by boat.
C. They both appeal to culture lovers. D. They both offer a hot air balloon ride.
23. Where can we probably find this text
A. A newspaper. B. A leaflet.
C. An application. D. A website.
B
I’m in a coffee shop in Manhattan and I’m about to become the most disliked person in the room. First, I’m going to interrupt the man reading quietly near the window and ask for a drink of his latte. Next, I’m going to ask the line of people waiting to pay if I can cut to the front of the queue. This is how I chose to spend my last vacation. Here’s why.
Growing up all I ever heard about was “EQ.” It was the mid-1990s, and psychologist Daniel Goleman had just popularized the concept of emotional intelligence. Unlike IQ, which tracked conventional measures of intelligence like reasoning and recall, EQ measured the ability to understand other people — to listen, to empathize (共情), and to appreciate.
My mother, an elementary school principal, prized brains and hard work, but she placed a special emphasis on Goleman’s new idea. To her, EQ was the elixir (万能药) that separated the good students from the great after they left school. She was determined to send me into the adult world with as much of this elixir as possible.
But when I finally began my first job, I noticed a second elixir in the pockets of some of my colleagues. It gave their opinions extra weight and their decisions added impact. Strangest of all, it seemed like the anti-EQ: Instead of knowing how to make others feel good, this elixir gave people the courage to do the opposite — to say things others didn’t want to hear.
This was assertiveness (魄力). It boiled down to the command of a single skill: the ability to have uncomfortable conversations. Assertive people — those with high “AQ”— ask for things they want, decline things they don’t, provide constructive feedback, and engage in direct confrontation (对峙) and debate.
A lifetime improving my EQ helped me empathize with others, but it also left me overly sensitive to situations where I had to say or do things that might make others unhappy. While I didn’t avoid conflict, I was always frustrated by my powerlessness when I had to say or do something that could upset someone. This is my problem and I’m working on it.
24. Why did the author act that way in the coffee shop
A. To improve a skill. B. To test a concept.
C. To advocate a new idea. D. To have a unique vacation.
25. What do we know about the author’s mother
A. She thought little of IQ.
B. She popularized Goleman’s idea.
C. She was a strict mother and principal.
D. She valued EQ as the key to greatness.
26. What does the word “it” underlined in the fourth paragraph refer to
A. EQ. B. AQ. C. Empathy. D. Courage.
27. According to the passage, those with high EQ but low AQ are likely to be ______.
A. successful leaders B. people pleasers
C. terrible complainers D. pleasure seekers
C
Long believed to have little social structure, giraffes actually are socially complex, University of Bristol scientists suggest. Their social organization is comparable to that of elephants, dolphins and whales.
Lead author Zoe Miller started research work on giraffes in 2005. “I had noticed that giraffe population numbers were decreasing, and I realized that the tallest of all land animals had hardly had any scientific work done on them, which I just found unbelievable. I decided to devote my career to understanding this species better,” said Muller.
Muller and her team looked at research work done in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. Researchers then considered giraffes very unsociable and that they formed no long-lasting relationships. “However, this was not what I saw in Africa, and I started to question why they were described as having ‘little or no social structure’ when I could clearly observe them always together,” Muller said.
Muller was based in Kenya for five years, conducting research on giraffes and their social organization. She and her team found that giraffes are actually a highly complex social species that may live in matriarchal (母系的) social systems and include shared care of their young.
“Giraffes may take part in shared parenting of the young, and remain in groups of related females. These types of social organization are well-known in other species, for example elephants and whales, but nobody has ever before suggested that the same could be true for giraffes,” Muller said.
The grandmother giraffes stay in their family groups passing on survival benefits in tough times to the younger members of the group. For example, they may know where there is water or where they can find food. “This is important information, as this means we should focus on protecting the older adult females, since they are important members to aid the survival of younger generations,” explained Muller.
28. What did Zoe Muller think of researchers’ work done in the 1950s-1970s
A. Questionable. B. Inspiring. C. Reliable. D. Creative.
29. In what way are giraffes similar to elephants according to the text
A. Their population numbers are dropping.
B. They remain in groups of related males.
C. They have been well protected in the wild.
D. They take part in shared raising of the young.
30. Why are older female giraffes particularly worthy of protection
A. They can help keep the balance of nature.
B. They can help researchers learn about giraffes.
C. They can pass on life skills to the younger generations.
D. They can help younger giraffes get on well with each other.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Secrets of Giraffes: The Older, The Smarter
B. Social Structure: A Gap in Animal Research
C. Giraffes: More Socially Complex than Imagined
D. Survival of Giraffes: The Role of Older Members
D
Is forgiveness against our human nature To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity.
The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.
The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony
From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hate and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged (不和的) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.
As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, in real situations, develops with practice.
32. What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness
A. People should offer mercy to others.
B. Aggressive people should learn to forgive.
C. Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity.
D. People who forgive can have their own welfare affected.
33. What does the example in Paragraph 3 illustrate
A. To fight is to grow. B. To give is to receive.
C. To forgive is to abuse. D. To dominate is to harm.
34. What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness
A. Favorable. B. Reserved. C. Objective. D. Skeptical.
35. What message does the last paragraph convey
A. Forgiveness is in our nature. B. Forgiveness grows with time.
C. It takes practice to forgive. D. Actuality is based on potentiality.
第二节：（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever wondered why you want to do something, or what causes people to go through extraordinary pain or personal investment just to achieve a particular outcome ____36____ Motivation.
Motivation is the reason for people’s actions, goals, and willingness to pursue the goals. Sometimes it seems difficult to find, but we all have that spark at our core. Here are some ways you can turn that spark back into a flame.
____37____ If your motivation is fading, notice when this starts to happen and what events could have driven it. You’ll find that you’re more likely to feel bored when you’re in certain environments. As you become more aware of this, you can put yourself in situations where you’re more likely to thrive.
Keep a thankfulness journal. ____38____ When they’re aware of what they’re thankful for, it drives them in specific areas of their lives. Considering this, you may find value in keeping a thankfulness journal where you regularly list blessings.
Design an accomplishment book. Creative people may do well to design an accomplishment book with images of past work and accomplishments as a form of encouragement. It can be as informal or formal as you’d like. It might be a simple scrapbook you keep at your desk, or a professionally printed booklet that you keep by your bed. ____39____
Get out of the house. If your life consists of going to work, coming home, watching Netflix, and going to sleep, you shouldn’t be surprised that you’re unmotivated. ____40____ Stretching yourself will expose you to new ideas, activities, and people, which will either strike up new motivation or rekindle things you have forgotten about.
A. What’s the possible solution
B. Identify when motivation slips.
C. What’s at the heart of this issue
D. Decide what works best for you and give it a try.
E. A thankfulness journal is a perfect way to show your gratitude to others.
F. Some people find that thankfulness and motivation are directly connected.
G. Make it a point to go outdoors and try new things even when you don’t want to.
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节：（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My wife and I parked by a rough path the same time as a young man covered in tattoos (纹身). I ___41___ he was unfriendly，so we tried to ___42___ ourselves from him. But he struggled hard to ___43___ and wanted to talk some. We slowed down. He said he was recovering from a bad time in his life. We ___44___ left him in the dust，heading up the river.
Hours later we turned back ___45___ a flash flood had taken out the bridge. There he was again, following to ___46___ us. He shared a little more of his ___47___. He lost his mother and sister in a car accident and he was permanently ___48___ too. We slowed down to the pace he could ___49___ for the whole way back.
He continued, “During much surgery and ___50___ I came to hate life...” Then he pulled up his shirt to show us a ___51___ life size tattoo from neck to waist. It was two ladies in a ___52___ light waving to him. “This is my mom and this is my sister,” he pointed, “They told me to stop hating everything. They loved me just as they always had and ___53___ me to live in love too!” He explained the brightly colored tattoo was the exact dream he had that day.
My ___54___ went away. It had painted a wrong picture of this wonderful person with a beautiful ___55___ . I learned more than he hoped to tell.
41 A. assumed B. remembered C. admitted D. confirmed
42. A. tell B. distance C. save D. free
43. A. turn away B. set out C. catch up D. settle down
44. A. politely B. secretly C. carelessly D. accidentally
45. A. though B. unless C. because D. before
46. A. impress B. interrupt C. persuade D. engage
47. A. target B. story C. plan D. journey
48. A. confused B. discouraged C. ignored D. injured
49. A. observe B. judge C. manage D. challenge
50. A. silence B. pain C. failure D. guilt
51. A. massive B. funny C. random D. popular
52 A. brilliant B. gentle C. weak D. sensitive
53. A. allowed B. begged C. forced D. expected
54. A. doubt B. sympathy C. prejudice D. resistance
55. A. reputation B. message C. appearance D. insight
第Ⅱ卷
第二节：（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over the last decade, China ____56____ (witness) tremendous changes, which could not have been achieved ____57____ the hard work of its people. There are many ways ____58____ (record) the past time, but the story that, at times, leaves a mark on each person is surely the most vivid.
Recently, a man named Zou Yi, ____59____ has recorded Beiing’s blue sky, shared his observations on the improvement of air quality in China’s capital, as well as his understanding of the efforts behind the brilliant blue skies. His first photo ____60____ (take) on January 27, 2013. He did the same the next day, and the day after that. He continued for nine more years and, ____61____ (natural), has the most direct amateur observations ever captured of the changes above the heart of Beijing. ____62____ took more than 50 years for London and Los Angeles to deal with air pollution, ____63____ (compare) with just a decade for Beijing. The battle against air pollution has claimed some major stepwise victories over the years, which perfectly shows the Chinese administration’s ____64____ (determine) and action in building _____65_____ prosperous and beautiful country.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节：（满分 15 分）
66. 目前，很多学生苦恼学习效率低，觉得时间不够用。学校组织班会，以“How to Spend Time Properly”为题，让同学们进行讨论。请你从以下方面准备发言稿。
1. 恰当管理时间的意义；
2. 如何恰当管理时间，给出建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to Spend Time Properly
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：（满分 25 分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Music has always been an essential part of my family. As a little girl, I often watched my mom singing with others in the church. As I grew older, she and I would sing while we did the dishes or hung clothes. My brother Dean was also a musical soul. In good time or in bad, there was always music in our house. It shaped us, comforted us, and gave us a way to express feelings that might otherwise have gone unspoken.
After Dean became a father, we learned that his oldest son was on the autism spectrum. My nephew Dj did not handle social situation well, and sometimes even for him to speak aloud outside the family was a struggle. He worked very hard to overcome his fears, so much so that the year he was eight, he decided he wanted to be part of the Christmas music program with the other children in his Sunday school class. The part he had been offered was one that required him to sing a verse all on his own - a solo.
My brother carefully explained to him that this would mean singing in front of the audience; there would be no one singing with him. Dj considered this very carefully. After a couple of days, he decided that he would accept the part. He explained to us that he believed he could do it because it was a very special occasion, and lie would practice until he was as perfect as he could be. He said he knew his daddy would help him to be the best singer possible.
For over a month, he and his father practiced together. Every evening would find them locked away in the music room, my brother on guitar, and my nephew’s small voice coming from somewhere deep down inside his little body. He gained confidence, and when the day of the concert arrived, he was certain all would go well. My brother waited backstage, giving Dj double thumbs-up, and he came out lo sit with the rest of the family to watch and take photos.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When it was finally time for Dj to sing, the music played on, and he froze.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Everyone turned to see who was singing, while I knew it was my brother.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________余姚中学 2023 学年第二学期高二期中检测
英语试题卷
第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节：（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Best Places to Visit in Canada
Thinking about exploring Canada Here is the perfect list of the great places that are worthy of being visited in Canada on your trip.
Niagara Falls
Have a great time enjoying the views and taking pictures of the cascading (倾泄) falls. You’ll have a matchless sightseeing experience when you visit it at night.
Best time to visit: June - August
How to reach: The nearest airport is just 30-40 minutes away. You can take a cab and reach the falls easily.
Things to do: Witness the excellent waterfalls Spend time at the MarineLand
Whistler
Home to one of the largest ski resorts in North America, it’s one of the best places in Canada for winter holidays. Skiing and snowshoeing are two thrilling sports to indulge (沉迷) in. You can enjoy yourself in this fascinating snow land!
Best time to visit: June - August, December - March
How to reach: The nearest airport is 2.5 hours away from Whistler. You can take a cab and reach Whistler easily.
Things to do: Take part in snowmobiling Visit dozens of art museums and cultural centers
Quebec City
Have an amazing time with your partner in the magical city. It is one of the most charming places to see in Canada because of art and cultural scenes.
Best time to visit: June, September - December
How to reach: You can take a cab from the airport to reach the city easily.
Things to do: Visit the historic attractions Walk along the scenic Terrasse Dufferin
Butchart Gardens
It’s the best place to explore with a camera in hand. With a charming display of flowers around and fun boat tours, there’s a lot to see and do!
Best time to visit: July & August
How to reach: The best way is by taking bus number 75.
Things to do: Capture the excellent flowers around Witness the fireworks show
21. According to the text, what can NOT be done while visiting the Niagara Falls
A. See the stunning waterfalls. B. Visit a charming flower display.
C. Enjoy a matchless night view. D. Tour around the MarineLand.
22. What do Whistler and Quebec City have in common
A. They are open in the same months. B. They are both accessible by boat.
C. They both appeal to culture lovers. D. They both offer a hot air balloon ride.
23. Where can we probably find this text
A. A newspaper. B. A leaflet.
C. An application. D. A website.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在加拿大旅行中值得参观的几个景点。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Niagara Falls部分中“Have a great time enjoying the views and taking pictures of the cascading (倾泄) falls. You’ll have a matchless sightseeing experience when you visit it at night. (享受美景，并为瀑布拍照。当你在晚上参观它时，你会有无与伦比的观光体验。)”和“Things to do: Witness the excellent waterfalls Spend time at the MarineLand (必做事项： 观赏壮观的瀑布 在海洋乐园消磨时光)”可知，在尼亚加拉大瀑布可以看令人惊叹的瀑布、欣赏无与伦比的夜景、在海洋乐园消磨时光，但没有提及参观花卉展览。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Whistler部分中“Home to one of the largest ski resorts in North America, it’s one of the best places in Canada for winter holidays. (这里是北美最大的滑雪胜地之一，也是加拿大冬季度假的最佳地点之一。)”和Quebec City部分中“It is one of the most charming places to see in Canada because of art and cultural scenes. (它是加拿大最迷人的地方之一，因为它的艺术和文化场景。)”可知，Whistler有滑雪文化而Quebec City具有艺术文化魅力，它们都吸引着文化爱好者。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Thinking about exploring Canada Here is the perfect list of the great places that are worthy of being visited in Canada on your trip. (想去加拿大探险吗？这里有一张完美的清单，列出了加拿大值得一游的好地方。)”可知，文本内容为旅游推荐信息，格式简洁明了，最有可能出现在旅游小册子上。故选B。
B
I’m in a coffee shop in Manhattan and I’m about to become the most disliked person in the room. First, I’m going to interrupt the man reading quietly near the window and ask for a drink of his latte. Next, I’m going to ask the line of people waiting to pay if I can cut to the front of the queue. This is how I chose to spend my last vacation. Here’s why.
Growing up, all I ever heard about was “EQ.” It was the mid-1990s, and psychologist Daniel Goleman had just popularized the concept of emotional intelligence. Unlike IQ, which tracked conventional measures of intelligence like reasoning and recall, EQ measured the ability to understand other people — to listen, to empathize (共情), and to appreciate.
My mother, an elementary school principal, prized brains and hard work, but she placed a special emphasis on Goleman’s new idea. To her, EQ was the elixir (万能药) that separated the good students from the great after they left school. She was determined to send me into the adult world with as much of this elixir as possible.
But when I finally began my first job, I noticed a second elixir in the pockets of some of my colleagues. It gave their opinions extra weight and their decisions added impact. Strangest of all, it seemed like the anti-EQ: Instead of knowing how to make others feel good, this elixir gave people the courage to do the opposite — to say things others didn’t want to hear.
This was assertiveness (魄力). It boiled down to the command of a single skill: the ability to have uncomfortable conversations. Assertive people — those with high “AQ”— ask for things they want, decline things they don’t, provide constructive feedback, and engage in direct confrontation (对峙) and debate.
A lifetime improving my EQ helped me empathize with others, but it also left me overly sensitive to situations where I had to say or do things that might make others unhappy. While I didn’t avoid conflict, I was always frustrated by my powerlessness when I had to say or do something that could upset someone. This is my problem and I’m working on it.
24. Why did the author act that way in the coffee shop
A. To improve a skill. B. To test a concept.
C. To advocate a new idea. D. To have a unique vacation.
25. What do we know about the author’s mother
A. She thought little of IQ.
B. She popularized Goleman’s idea.
C. She was a strict mother and principal.
D. She valued EQ as the key to greatness.
26. What does the word “it” underlined in the fourth paragraph refer to
A. EQ. B. AQ. C. Empathy. D. Courage.
27. According to the passage, those with high EQ but low AQ are likely to be ______.
A. successful leaders B. people pleasers
C. terrible complainers D. pleasure seekers
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智商、情商的区别并结合作者自身情况说明了反情商的重要性。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“This was assertiveness (魄力). It boiled down to the command of a single skill: the ability to have uncomfortable conversations.(这就是魄力。这可以归结为对一项技能的掌握：进行令人不舒服的对话的能力)”和最后一段“While I didn’t avoid conflict, I was always frustrated by my powerlessness when I had to say or do something that could upset someone. This is my problem and I’m working on it.(虽然我没有避免冲突，但当我不得不说或做一些可能会让别人不安的事情时，我总是因为自己的无能为力而感到沮丧。这是我的问题，我正在努力解决)”可知，提高情商使作者过于敏感，缺乏魄力，且作者正在努力解决这一问题。由此推知，作者在咖啡店里那样做是为了提高一项技能。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“My mother, an elementary school principal, prized brains and hard work, but she placed a special emphasis on Goleman’s new idea. To her, EQ was the elixir (万能药) that separated the good students from the great after they left school.(我的母亲是一所小学的校长，她珍视聪明和努力，但她特别重视戈尔曼的新想法。对她来说，情商是一种万能药，在他们离开学校后，将好学生与优秀学生区分开来)”可知，作者母亲认为情商是一种万能药，即情商是成功的关键。故选D项。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“But when I finally began my first job, I noticed a second elixir in the pockets of some of my colleagues.(但当我终于开始我的第一份工作时，我注意到我的一些同事口袋里有另一种万能药)”和“Strangest of all, it seemed like the anti-EQ: Instead of knowing how to make others feel good, this elixir gave people the courage to do the opposite — to say things others didn’t want to hear.(最奇怪的是，这似乎是反情商：不知道如何让别人感觉良好，这个长生不老药给了人们做相反事情的勇气——说别人不想听的话)”可知，it指代“另一种万能药”，而且这种药是反情商的，所以这种万能药就是下文第五段中提到的“AQ”，所以划线词it指代的是AQ。故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Unlike IQ, which tracked conventional measures of intelligence like reasoning and recall, EQ measured the ability to understand other people — to listen, to empathize (共情), and to appreciate.(与IQ不同的是，EQ衡量的是理解他人的能力——倾听、移情(共情)和欣赏的能力。IQ追踪的是推理和回忆等传统智力指标)”和第五段“Assertive people — those with high “AQ”— ask for things they want, decline things they don’t, provide constructive feedback, and engage in direct confrontation (对峙) and debate.(自信的人——那些“AQ”高的人——要求他们想要的东西，拒绝他们不想要的东西，提供建设性的反馈，参与直接对峙和辩论)”可推知，那些EQ高AQ低的人很可能是取悦别人的人。故选B项。
C
Long believed to have little social structure, giraffes actually are socially complex, University of Bristol scientists suggest. Their social organization is comparable to that of elephants, dolphins and whales.
Lead author Zoe Miller started research work on giraffes in 2005. “I had noticed that giraffe population numbers were decreasing, and I realized that the tallest of all land animals had hardly had any scientific work done on them, which I just found unbelievable. I decided to devote my career to understanding this species better,” said Muller.
Muller and her team looked at research work done in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. Researchers then considered giraffes very unsociable and that they formed no long-lasting relationships. “However, this was not what I saw in Africa, and I started to question why they were described as having ‘little or no social structure’ when I could clearly observe them always together,” Muller said.
Muller was based in Kenya for five years, conducting research on giraffes and their social organization. She and her team found that giraffes are actually a highly complex social species that may live in matriarchal (母系的) social systems and include shared care of their young.
“Giraffes may take part in shared parenting of the young, and remain in groups of related females. These types of social organization are well-known in other species, for example elephants and whales, but nobody has ever before suggested that the same could be true for giraffes,” Muller said.
The grandmother giraffes stay in their family groups, passing on survival benefits in tough times to the younger members of the group. For example, they may know where there is water or where they can find food. “This is important information, as this means we should focus on protecting the older adult females, since they are important members to aid the survival of younger generations,” explained Muller.
28. What did Zoe Muller think of researchers’ work done in the 1950s-1970s
A. Questionable. B. Inspiring. C. Reliable. D. Creative.
29. In what way are giraffes similar to elephants according to the text
A. Their population numbers are dropping.
B. They remain in groups of related males.
C. They have been well protected in the wild.
D. They take part in shared raising of the young.
30 Why are older female giraffes particularly worthy of protection
A. They can help keep the balance of nature.
B. They can help researchers learn about giraffes.
C. They can pass on life skills to the younger generations.
D. They can help younger giraffes get on well with each other.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Secrets of Giraffes: The Older, The Smarter
B. Social Structure: A Gap in Animal Research
C. Giraffes: More Socially Complex than Imagined
D. Survival of Giraffes: The Role of Older Members
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了长颈鹿实际上有着复杂的社会结构，这与人们之前普遍认为的长颈鹿社交结构简单大相径庭。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Muller and her team looked at research work done in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. Researchers then considered giraffes very unsociable and that they formed no long-lasting relationships. “However, this was not what I saw in Africa, and I started to question why they were described as having ‘little or no social structure’ when I could clearly observe them always together,” Muller said.(穆勒和她的团队研究了20世纪50年代、60年代和70年代的研究工作。研究人员认为长颈鹿非常不爱交际，它们不会形成长期的关系。“然而，这不是我在非洲看到的，我开始质疑为什么他们被描述为‘很少或没有社会结构’，而我可以清楚地看到他们总是在一起，”穆勒说)”可知，佐伊·穆勒质疑研究人员在20世纪50年代至70年代所做的工作。故选A项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Giraffes may take part in shared parenting of the young, and remain in groups of related females. These types of social organization are well-known in other species, for example elephants and whales, but nobody has ever before suggested that the same could be true for giraffes,” Muller said.(“长颈鹿可能会参与共同抚养幼崽，并留在有关系的雌性群体中。穆勒说：“这些类型的社会组织在其他物种中是众所周知的，例如大象和鲸鱼，但以前没有人认为长颈鹿也可能如此。”)”可知，长颈鹿和大象的相似处在于它们共同抚养孩子。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The grandmother giraffes stay in their family groups, passing on survival benefits in tough times to the younger members of the group. For example, they may know where there is water or where they can find food. “This is important information, as this means we should focus on protecting the older adult females, since they are important members to aid the survival of younger generations,” explained Muller.(雌性长颈鹿会留在自己的家庭中，在艰难时期将生存利益传递给群体中的年轻成员。例如，她们可能知道哪里有水或哪里可以找到食物。穆勒解释说：“这是重要的信息，因为这意味着我们应该把重点放在保护年长的成年雌性上，因为她们是帮助年轻一代生存的重要成员。”)”可知，年长的雌性长颈鹿可以把生活技能传授给年轻一代，所以特别值得保护。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Long believed to have little social structure, giraffes actually are socially complex, University of Bristol scientists suggest. Their social organization is comparable to that of elephants, dolphins and whales.(布里斯托尔大学的科学家们认为，长颈鹿长期以来被认为没有什么社会结构，实际上它们的社会结构很复杂。它们的社会组织与大象、海豚和鲸鱼相当)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了长颈鹿实际上有着复杂的社会结构，所以C项“Giraffes: More Socially Complex than Imagined(长颈鹿：比想象中更复杂的社会)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
D
Is forgiveness against our human nature To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity.
The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.
The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony
From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hate and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged (不和的) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.
As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, in real situations, develops with practice.
32. What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness
A. People should offer mercy to others.
B. Aggressive people should learn to forgive.
C. Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity.
D. People who forgive can have their own welfare affected.
33. What does the example in Paragraph 3 illustrate
A. To fight is to grow. B. To give is to receive.
C. To forgive is to abuse. D. To dominate is to harm.
34. What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness
A. Favorable. B. Reserved. C. Objective. D. Skeptical.
35. What message does the last paragraph convey
A. Forgiveness is in our nature. B. Forgiveness grows with time.
C. It takes practice to forgive. D. Actuality is based on potentiality.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.(那些宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。在他看来，宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福，而这些人可能会利用他们)”可知，Droll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.(没有爱，我们与生活中各种各样的人的联系就会破裂。甚至常识也强烈表明，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动。)”可知，没有爱，我们与他人的联系就会破裂，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动；结合下文“For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony (例如，奴隶制作为社会和谐的一种模式发挥了多大的作用？)”可知，奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度，它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦，此处通过以奴隶社会举例，以反问的方式，来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.(我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长)”可知，作者对于宽恕持支持的态度。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“As an important note, when we take a classical philosophical perspective, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, in real situations, develops with practice.(值得注意的是，当我们从古典哲学的角度来看，我们看到了潜能和现实性之间的区别。我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长。在现实生活中，宽恕的现实是随着实践而发展的)”可知，最后一段主要传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此，原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选C。
第二节：（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever wondered why you want to do something, or what causes people to go through extraordinary pain or personal investment just to achieve a particular outcome ____36____ Motivation.
Motivation is the reason for people’s actions, goals, and willingness to pursue the goals. Sometimes it seems difficult to find, but we all have that spark at our core. Here are some ways you can turn that spark back into a flame.
____37____ If your motivation is fading, notice when this starts to happen and what events could have driven it. You’ll find that you’re more likely to feel bored when you’re in certain environments. As you become more aware of this, you can put yourself in situations where you’re more likely to thrive.
Keep a thankfulness journal. ____38____ When they’re aware of what they’re thankful for, it drives them in specific areas of their lives. Considering this, you may find value in keeping a thankfulness journal where you regularly list blessings.
Design an accomplishment book. Creative people may do well to design an accomplishment book with images of past work and accomplishments as a form of encouragement. It can be as informal or formal as you’d like. It might be a simple scrapbook you keep at your desk, or a professionally printed booklet that you keep by your bed. ____39____
Get out of the house. If your life consists of going to work, coming home, watching Netflix, and going to sleep, you shouldn’t be surprised that you’re unmotivated. ____40____ Stretching yourself will expose you to new ideas, activities, and people, which will either strike up new motivation or rekindle things you have forgotten about.
A. What’s the possible solution
B. Identify when motivation slips.
C. What’s at the heart of this issue
D. Decide what works best for you and give it a try.
E. A thankfulness journal is a perfect way to show your gratitude to others.
F. Some people find that thankfulness and motivation are directly connected.
G. Make it a point to go outdoors and try new things even when you don’t want to.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. F 39. D 40. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了获得动机的几个方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Have you ever wondered why you want to do something, or what causes people to go through extraordinary pain or personal investment just to achieve a particular outcome ”（ 你有没有想过为什么你想做某事，或者是什么让人们经历了巨大的痛苦或个人投资，只是为了达到一个特定的结果？）根据下文“Motivation”（动力）可知，选项在问一个问题，而下文是对上文的回答。故C选项“这个问题的核心是什么 ”切题。故选C项。
【37题详解】
根据下文“If your motivation is fading, notice when this starts to happen and what events could have driven it.”（ 如果你的动力正在消退，注意这种情况何时开始发生，以及是什么事件导致了这种情况。）可知，要确定动机何时消失。故B选项“确定动机何时消失。”切题，为本段的标题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
根据下文“When they’re aware of what they’re thankful for, it drives them in specific areas of their lives.”（当他们意识到他们要感恩的东西时，它会驱使他们在生活的特定领域中前进。）可知，动机和感恩是相关联的。故F选项“有些人发现感恩和动机是直接相关的。”切题。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“It might be a simple scrapbook you keep at your desk, or a professionally printed booklet that you keep by your bed.”（ 它可能是你放在桌子上的一个简单的剪贴簿，或者是你放在床边的一本专业印刷的小册子。）可知，选项总结上文，说明要找到合适自己的，尝试一下。故D选项“决定什么最适合你，然后试一试。”切题。故选D项。
【40题详解】
根据下文“Stretching yourself will expose you to new ideas, activities, and people, which will either strike up new motivation or rekindle things you have forgotten about.”（ 伸展自己会让你接触到新的想法、活动和人，这要么会激发新的动力，要么会重新点燃你已经忘记的东西。）可知，选项鼓励人们要到户外尝试新的事物和想法。故G选项“即使你不想去，也要去户外尝试新事物。”切题。故选G项。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节：（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My wife and I parked by a rough path the same time as a young man covered in tattoos (纹身). I ___41___ he was unfriendly，so we tried to ___42___ ourselves from him. But he struggled hard to ___43___ and wanted to talk some. We slowed down. He said he was recovering from a bad time in his life. We ___44___ left him in the dust，heading up the river.
Hours later we turned back ___45___ a flash flood had taken out the bridge. There he was again, following to ___46___ us. He shared a little more of his ___47___. He lost his mother and sister in a car accident and he was permanently ___48___ too. We slowed down to the pace he could ___49___ for the whole way back.
He continued, “During much surgery and ___50___ I came to hate life...” Then he pulled up his shirt to show us a ___51___ life size tattoo from neck to waist. It was two ladies in a ___52___ light waving to him. “This is my mom and this is my sister,” he pointed, “They told me to stop hating everything. They loved me just as they always had and ___53___ me to live in love too!” He explained the brightly colored tattoo was the exact dream he had that day.
My ___54___ went away. It had painted a wrong picture of this wonderful person with a beautiful ___55___ . I learned more than he hoped to tell.
41. A. assumed B. remembered C. admitted D. confirmed
42. A. tell B. distance C. save D. free
43. A. turn away B. set out C. catch up D. settle down
44. A. politely B. secretly C. carelessly D. accidentally
45. A. though B. unless C. because D. before
46. A. impress B. interrupt C. persuade D. engage
47. A. target B. story C. plan D. journey
48. A. confused B. discouraged C. ignored D. injured
49. A. observe B. judge C. manage D. challenge
50. A. silence B. pain C. failure D. guilt
51. A. massive B. funny C. random D. popular
52. A. brilliant B. gentle C. weak D. sensitive
53. A. allowed B. begged C. forced D. expected
54. A. doubt B. sympathy C. prejudice D. resistance
55. A. reputation B. message C. appearance D. insight
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. A 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与一位有纹身的年轻人的相遇和交流，通过年轻人的故事和纹身，作者领悟到了爱与宽容的重要性，并消除了自己的偏见。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为他不友好，所以我们尽量与他保持距离。A. assumed认为；B. remembered记得；C. admitted承认；D. confirmed确认。根据前文“a young man covered in tattoos”可知，这个年轻人浑身是纹身，所以作者认为他不友好。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为他不友好，所以我们尽量与他保持距离。A. tell告诉；B. distance拉开距离；C. save保存；D. free释放。根据前文“I 1 he was unfriendly”可知，作者认为年轻人不友好，所以应是尽量与他保持距离。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是他努力地挣扎着赶上我们，并想说话。A. turn away拒绝…进入；B. set out动身；C. catch up追上；D. settle down定居。根据后文“wanted to talk some”可知，年轻人想要和作者说话，所以应是赶上他们。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们礼貌地把他抛在了后面，溯河而上。A. politely礼貌地；B. secretly秘密地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. accidentally意外地。根据后文“left him in the dust，heading up the river.”可知，作者没有听年轻人倾诉，所以应是礼貌地把他抛在了后面。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，我们折返，因为一场山洪冲毁了桥。A. though虽然；B. unless除非；C. because因为；D. before在……以前。根据前文后文“Hours later we turned back”以及后文“a flash flood had taken out the bridge.”可知，前后文是因果关系，应用because连接。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他又在那儿，继续来找我们说话。A. impress给…留下深刻印象；B. interrupt打断；C. persuade说服；D. engage参加。根据前文“wanted to talk some”可知，之前年轻人就想和作者一行谈话，现在应是加入他们中。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他又分享了一些他的故事。A. target目标；B. story故事；C. plan计划；D. journey旅行。根据后文“He lost his mother and sister in a car accident and he was permanently 8 too.”可知，年轻人是和作者分享了他的故事。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在一场车祸中失去了母亲和妹妹，他也永远受伤了。A. confused困惑的；B. discouraged泄气的；C. ignored忽视；D. injured受伤的。根据前文“He lost his mother and sister in a car accident”可知，年轻人一家遇到车祸，所以他永远受伤了。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们放慢了速度，使他能走完全程。A. observe观察；B. judge判断；C. manage设法做到；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“he was permanently 8 too.”可知，年轻人在车祸中永远受伤了，所以作者一行放慢了速度，使他能走完全程。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他继续说道：“在经历了多次手术和痛苦之后，我开始讨厌生活……”A. silence沉默；B. pain痛苦；C. failure失败；D. guilt内疚。根据前文“He lost his mother and sister in a car accident”以及“During much surgery”可知，年轻人失去了亲人，自己又经历了多次手术，所以是痛苦的。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他撩起衬衫，给我们看一个从脖子到腰部的巨大的真人大小的纹身。A. massive巨大的；B. funny滑稽的；C. random随机的；D. popular受喜爱的。根据后文“from neck to waist”可知，从脖子到腰部，应是巨大的纹身。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是两位女士在灿烂的灯光下向他招手。A. brilliant明亮的；B. gentle温柔的；C. weak虚弱的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据后文“He explained the brightly colored tattoo was the exact dream he had that day.”可知，纹身颜色明亮，所以是在灿烂的灯光下向他招手。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们一如既往地爱着我，希望我也生活在爱中!A. allowed允许；B. begged恳求；C. forced强迫；D. expected预期。根据前文“They loved me just as they always had”以及后文“me to live in love too”结合选项可知，应是希望年轻人也生活在爱中，符合语境。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的偏见消失了。A. doubt怀疑；B. sympathy同情；C. prejudice偏见；D. resistance反对。根据前文“I 1 he was unfriendly”可知，作者认为年轻人满身纹身，是不友好的，这是他的偏见。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它错误地描绘了这位有着美好信息的了不起的人。A. reputation名誉；B. message信息；C. appearance外貌；D. insight洞察力。根据前文“This is my mom and this is my sister”可知，年轻人把去世的妈妈和妹妹纹在身上，用以纪念她们，所以是有美好信息。故选B项。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节：（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over the last decade, China ____56____ (witness) tremendous changes, which could not have been achieved ____57____ the hard work of its people. There are many ways ____58____ (record) the past time, but the story that, at times, leaves a mark on each person is surely the most vivid.
Recently, a man named Zou Yi, ____59____ has recorded Beiing’s blue sky, shared his observations on the improvement of air quality in China’s capital, as well as his understanding of the efforts behind the brilliant blue skies. His first photo ____60____ (take) on January 27, 2013. He did the same the next day, and the day after that. He continued for nine more years and, ____61____ (natural), has the most direct amateur observations ever captured of the changes above the heart of Beijing. ____62____ took more than 50 years for London and Los Angeles to deal with air pollution, ____63____ (compare) with just a decade for Beijing. The battle against air pollution has claimed some major stepwise victories over the years, which perfectly shows the Chinese administration’s ____64____ (determine) and action in building _____65_____ prosperous and beautiful country.
【答案】56. has witnessed
57. without
58. to record
59. who 60. was taken
61. naturally
62. It pared
64. determination
65. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了一位男士用自己的方式记录了首都北京的蓝天，也向世人展示了中国在治理空气污染工作中的巨大成就。
【56题详解】
考查时态。句意：过去10年，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化，这是中国人民艰苦奋斗的结果。根据上文Over the last decade可知为现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has witnessed。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意：过去10年，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化，这是中国人民艰苦奋斗的结果。后跟名词作宾语，表示“没有艰苦奋斗就无法取得成就”应用介词without，构成双重否定表肯定。故填without。
58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：记录过去时光的方式有很多种，但有时在每个人身上留下印记的故事肯定是最生动的。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to record。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最近，一位名叫邹毅的人记录了北京的蓝天，分享了他对中国首都空气质量改善的观察，以及他对灿烂蓝天背后的努力的理解。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Zou Yi，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。
【60题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他的第一张照片拍摄于2013年1月27日。主语photo与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文on January 27, 2013可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was taken。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：他又持续了9年，自然地，他获得了迄今为止对北京中心上空变化的最直接的业余观测。修饰后文句子，应用副词naturally。故填naturally。
【62题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：伦敦和洛杉矶用了50多年的时间来解决空气污染问题，而北京只用了10年。此处为句型it takes/took+一段时间+for sb. to do sth.表示“做某事花费多少时间”。首字母大写。故填It。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：伦敦和洛杉矶用了50多年的时间来解决空气污染问题，而北京只用了10年。短语be compared with表示“和……比较”，过去分词作状语。故填compared。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：多年来，治理空气污染的斗争取得了一些重大的阶段性胜利，这充分显示了中国政府建设繁荣美丽国家的决心和行动。作动词的宾语，应用名词determination，不可数。故填determination。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：多年来，治理空气污染的斗争取得了一些重大的阶段性胜利，这充分显示了中国政府建设繁荣美丽国家的决心和行动。此处country为泛指，且prosperous是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节：（满分 15 分）
66. 目前，很多学生苦恼学习效率低，觉得时间不够用。学校组织班会，以“How to Spend Time Properly”为题，让同学们进行讨论。请你从以下方面准备发言稿。
1. 恰当管理时间的意义；
2. 如何恰当管理时间，给出建议。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to Spend Time Properly
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】How to Spend Time Properly
Time is more precious than any possessions. It is equal to everyone. How you spend that valuable time determines the quality of your life.
There are three rules for effective time management. Firstly, don’t try to work full-time and take a full load. Be reasonable about how much work you can do. Secondly, make a list of all the things that you need to get done in a given time. Put the tasks in order of importance and delete any unimportant items. Thirdly, avoid lack of focus. Personal phone calls and emails can easily disturb your workday progress.
Let’s make good use of time to make our life colorful and meaningful.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“How to Spend Time Properly”为题，写一篇发言稿，说明恰当管理时间的意义，就如何恰当管理时间给出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
规则：rule→regulation
任务：task→assignment
删除：delete→remove
利用：make use of→take advantage of
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Time is more precious than any possessions. It is equal to everyone.
拓展句：Time, which is equal to everyone, is more precious than any possessions.
【点睛】【高分句型1】How you spend that valuable time determines the quality of your life.（运用了how引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】Secondly, make a list of all the things that you need to get done in a given time.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
第二节：（满分 25 分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Music has always been an essential part of my family. As a little girl, I often watched my mom singing with others in the church. As I grew older, she and I would sing while we did the dishes or hung clothes. My brother Dean was also a musical soul. In good time or in bad, there was always music in our house. It shaped us, comforted us, and gave us a way to express feelings that might otherwise have gone unspoken.
After Dean became a father, we learned that his oldest son was on the autism spectrum. My nephew Dj did not handle social situation well, and sometimes even for him to speak aloud outside the family was a struggle. He worked very hard to overcome his fears, so much so that the year he was eight, he decided he wanted to be part of the Christmas music program with the other children in his Sunday school class. The part he had been offered was one that required him to sing a verse all on his own - a solo.
My brother carefully explained to him that this would mean singing in front of the audience; there would be no one singing with him. Dj considered this very carefully. After a couple of days, he decided that he would accept the part. He explained to us that he believed he could do it because it was a very special occasion, and lie would practice until he was as perfect as he could be. He said he knew his daddy would help him to be the best singer possible.
For over a month he and his father practiced together. Every evening would find them locked away in the music room, my brother on guitar, and my nephew’s small voice coming from somewhere deep down inside his little body. He gained confidence, and when the day of the concert arrived, he was certain all would go well. My brother waited backstage, giving Dj double thumbs-up, and he came out lo sit with the rest of the family to watch and take photos.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When it was finally time for Dj to sing, the music played on, and he froze.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Everyone turned to see who was singing, while I knew it was my brother.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para. 1:
When it was finally time for Dj to sing, the music played on, and he froze. His little face grew pale, and we could see the panic in his eyes as the silence grew. The pianist started the music again but still nothing came out. The entire audience seemed to lean forward in expectation. The silence seemed enormous. The whole family of us were all staring at our little boy, hoping he would cheer up and act out his part. Then the pianist started over again, and a low voice filled the air, singing the song.
Para. 2:
Everyone turned to see who was singing, while I knew it was my mother. My mother and I were fixed on the little angel on stage. The color came back to his face, and his eyes began to sparkle. He opened his mouth and began to sing along, his little voice growing stronger with each word. The show ended with thunderous applause, with the kids bowing dramatically, accepting their praise for a job well done. I turned to my brother with tears in my eyes. I knew at that time no words needed to be spoken; the understanding between us was louder than the applause that night.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的侄子Dj患有自闭症，不善于处理社交场合，有时甚至对他来说，在家庭之外大声说话都是一件困难的事情。但他努力地克服自己的恐惧，以至于在他八岁那年，他决定要和主日学校的其他孩子一起参加圣诞音乐项目。给他的角色要求他独唱一段。演出当天，Dj因为紧张无法发声，最后在作者母亲的带动下，顺利完成了演出。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当Dj终于该唱歌的时候，音乐响起，他愣住了。”可知，第一段可描写Dj因为紧张在舞台上无法发声，这时一个低沉的声音唱着这首歌。
②由第二段首句内容“每个人都转过身来看看是谁在唱歌，而我知道那是我的母亲。”可知，第二段可描写Dj在作者母亲的带动下完成演出。
2.续写线索：Dj恐慌——Dj无法演唱——母亲带领Dj——完成演出
3.词汇激活
行为类
看着：stare at/look at
希望：hope/in the hope of
结束：end with/end up with
情绪类
有力的：thunderous/powerful
赞美：praise/compliment
【点睛】[高分句型1] His little face grew pale, and we could see the panic in his eyes as the silence grew. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] The whole family of us were all staring at our little boy, hoping he would cheer up and act out his part. (运用了现在分词作状语)
