(共30张PPT)
Unit 7 The unknown world
Period 3 Grammar
牛津深圳版 八年级下
Content
Learning objectives
01
Lead-in
02
Presentation
03
Practice
04
Production
05
Summary
06
Assessment
07
Homework
08
Master the rules of because of.
Use adverbial clauses of reason to make sentences.
2
Learning objectives
1
Master the structure and usage of adverbial clauses of reason.
3
Lead in
Let’s enjoy a song.
Because You Loved Me - Céline Dio
1. I was blessed because I was loved by you.
2. Because you loved me.
3. My world is a better place because of you.
Please complete the three sentences when you are listening to the song.
Presentation
_________________________ tell us why things happen. We usually use because, as and since to start _________________________.
Adverbial clauses of reason
A Adverbial clauses of reason
adverbial clause of reason
adverbial clauses of reason
main clause
We form adverbial clauses of reason like this:
Presentation
Main clause
Adverbial clause of reason
Because
As
Since
no one else saw these aliens, I refuse to believe you.
We usually use because, as and since to start adverbial clauses of reason.
Presentation
We can also also put the ________________________ after the _____________.
adverbial clause of reason
main clause
Main clause
Adverbial clause of reason
because
as
vsince
no one else saw these aliens.
We alsof orm adverbial clauses of reason like this:
I refuse to believe you
Things to remember
When we put the adverbial clause of reason at the beginning of the sentence, we often separate it from the main clause with a comma (,).
comma [ k m ] n. the mark ( , ) used to separate the items in a list or to show where there is a slight pause in a sentence
Presentation
Because/As/Since no one else saw these aliens,
I refuse to believe you.
The police officer asked Tom some more questions about the aliens. Match the questions with the answers. Then use them to complete the police officer’s notes with as, since or because.
Practice
Police officer
Tom
1. Why was Tina sure that
something landed in the forest
near the hills
2. Why did you and Tina hide behind some bushes
3. Why did you run away
4. Why did your father refuse to believe you
a. We heard some voices speaking a strange language.
b. She heard a loud noise last
night.
c. No one else saw these
d. An alien saw us and made a
terrible noise
Practice
2. Why did you and Tina hide behind some bushes
a. We heard some voices speaking a strange language.
Tina and I hid behind some bushes as we heard some voices speaking a strange language.
Police officer
Tom
Practice
Police officer
Tom
3. Why did you run away
d. An alien saw us and made a
terrible noise
Because an alien saw us and made a terrible noise, we ran away.
4. Why did your father refuse to believe you
c. No one else saw these
Since no one else saw these aliens, our father refused to believe us.
在句中表示原因、理由的从句叫原因状语从句。
1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as。
2 表示语气的强弱顺序是:because﹥since﹥as。
3 这些连词都不能和so连用。
4 当原因状语从句放于句首时,通常要用逗号与主句隔开。
Production
Summary
Presentation
B because of
We can also use ___________ to give the reason for something.
because of
Work out the rule
We can use a noun, a noun phrase or a(n) (subject pronoun /
object pronoun) after because of.
I’m unhappy because of
your marks in the exam!
Presentation
B because of
We can also use ___________ to give the reason for something.
because of
Work out the rule
We can use a noun, a noun phrase or a(n) (subject pronoun /
object pronoun) after because of.
I’m unhappy because of
your marks in the exam!
They went to the forest because of their curiosity.
Tina woke up at midnight because of a loud noise.
She decided to explore the forest because of it.
Write sentences about the story on page 99 by using because of.
Practice
1. Tina was surprised / the yellow light in the sky
2. The aliens landed on this planet / an accident
Tina was surprised because of the yellow light in the sky.
The aliens landed on this planet because of an accident.
Write sentences about the story on page 99 by using because of.
Practice
3. The children ran away from the forest / the aliens
4. Their dad was not sure about the children’s story / the writing on the piece of paper
The children ran away from the forest because of the aliens.
Their dad was not sure about the children’s story because of the writing on the piece of paper.
密室逃脱
答题闯关游戏
为了检查同学们的学习情况,这一次把大家带到了一个封闭的房子里。只有答对所有的题目,才可以走出房子哦。
大家一起加油,逃出密室吧!
开始答题!
1. ________ this method doesn’t work, let’s try another.
A. though B. Although C. But D. Since
2. we are all here, let’s begin our meeting.
A. Because B. Since C. For D. unless
3. Patrick moved to Singapore he got a good job there.
A. but B. because of C. as D. for
4. --Did you call Sara back
--I didn’t need to, ______we’ll have a meeting together tonight.
A. though B. unless C. because D. if
掉落钥匙一把
进入下一关
进入下一关
掉落钥匙一把
进入下一关
Because
Aiko: Why do you like Martin
Momo: ______ he is so clever.
Aiko: Really ! Since you think so, I have nothing to say.
进入下一关
掉落钥匙一把
进入下一关
1. Mr Brown doesn’t have many friends here. He is a newcomer. (用because合并句子)
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Jim couldn’t walk because his leg was broken. (用because of 改写句子)
_______________________________________________
Mr Brown doesn’t have many friends here because he is a newcomer.
Jim couldn’t walk because of his broken leg.
3. It’s getting dark. Let’s go home now. (用as合并句子)
__________________________________________________4. Jack had to have breakfast quickly. He got up late. (用because合并句子)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. This is the last bus. We had better get on it. (用since合并句子)
__________________________________________________
As it’s getting dark, let’s go home now.
Jack had to have breakfast quickly because he got up late.
Since this is the last bus, we had better get on it.
恭喜过关!
Summary
The differences among
because, because of, for, since, as
直接原因(回答why)
众所周知的事实
表示推断的理由
Assessment
Self-assessment
How well do you know about this lesson Tick (√)the boxes.
I can use adverbial clauses of reason correctly. 口 口 口
I can use because of correctly. 口 口 口
I can analyze the structure and characteristics of
adverbial clauses of reason in English. 口 口 口
Homework
1. Make a mind map of the rules of adverbial clauses of reason (since, because, as) and because of, then make a sentence for each rule.
2. Finish the grammer exercise paper.
3. Make at least three sentences of each sentence type according to the structures of the adverbial clauses of reason (since, because, as) and because of.
谢谢
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Unit 7 The unknown world课时教学设计
本单元第3课时 Grammar 课型 语法课
语篇研读
What---语篇主题和主要内容 语法板块主要帮助学生学习because, since和as引导的原因状语从句,以及介词短语because of的用法。 Why---语篇传递的主题意义 通过本课的学习,学生能够在具体的语境中正确地使用because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of进行表达。 How---文体结构、语言特点及功能 本课时设计多种教学任务给学生练习语言知识以及体验because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of在写作中的运用,还能帮助学生复习表示原因的并列连词、从属连词等相关语言知识、提高学生在口头或书面表达中的语法运用能力。
学情分析
【已知】本单元的主阅读篇章中有使用because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和because of,这为because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of总结的学习做了很好的铺垫。并且学生从小学开始就有接触到与because和because of相关的用法,学生对此并不陌生。 【未知】这个阶段的学生对because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的语法知识有一定的理解和认识,但是对because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的结构、用法、区别以及具体使用规则了解不充分。同时学生也没有进行过系统的学习和归纳原因状语从句的用法和because of的用法规则。 【能知】这节课在已知语法的基础上进一步对because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和because of的构成进行归纳与提升,并设计多种教学任务给学生练习语言知识以及because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和because of在写作中的运用。
课时教学目标
通过本课学习,学生能够: 语言能力: 了解because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的结构、用法、区别等语用功能。 学习能力: 能够在具体语境中正确使用because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的基本结构。 思维品质: 主动探究,善于发现语言的规律并能运用规律举一反三。 文化意识: 能分析英语表示原因的相关句式和句型的结构和特点,培养根据实例运用其中的规律进行推理的意识。
教学重难点
教学重点: 了解并掌握because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的结构、用法和区别。 教学难点: 能够在具体语境中正确使用because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of。
教学方法
英语教学活动观,情境式教学,任务型教学法
教学工具
PPT课件,多功能白板,教案
教-学-评一体化教学过程
教学目标 学习活动 效果评价
学习理解:通过图片和回答问题,引出本单元目标语法because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的结构、用法和区别。 创设情境:通过视频,了解本节课的主题,引出主题“because, 引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of”的基本结构和用法。 任务一: Lead in 1.Let’s enjoy a song. 2.Please complete the three sentences when you are listening to the song. 任务二: Presentation 1.教师呈现示例,教师指导学生总结because, since和as引导的原因状语从句的句型结构、用法和区别。 2.教师呈现示例,教师指导学生总结介词短语because of的结构、用法和区别。 任务一:观察学生互动表现,判断学生能否清晰理解课时任务,鼓励学生积极参与本节课。 任务二:观察学生参与课堂的表现,判断学生能否真正地进入课堂,学习本节课是否有难度,及时给予指导和反馈。
设计意图 通过导入的内容,引出这节课的学习内容,为后面的教学做铺垫,同时让学生能够对本堂课的教学感兴趣。
教学目标 学习活动 效果评价
应用实践: 通过分析例句、图片配对以及练习,学生能够总结because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的结构、用法和区别,并造句,帮助学生在日常交际时正确运用because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of。 任务三: Practice The police officer asked Tom some more questions about the aliens. Match the questions with the answers. Then use them to complete the police officer’s notes with as, since or because. Write sentences about the story on page 99 by using because of. 任务三: 观察学生展示的表现,判断学生能准确掌握because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的结构、用法和区别写作,对学生表现给予及时反馈。根据学生的分析,判断学生发现规律的能力。
设计意图 通过课堂活动,训练学生发现规律的能力,帮助学生提高because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的运用能力,让学生能够顺其自然地学习教授的内容。
教学目标 学习活动 效果评价
迁移创新:通过归纳总结和点对点练习,学生能够正确使用because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of,通过拓展相关练习,发展学生的主动探究、发现语言规律并运用规律举一反三的学习能力。 任务四:Production 教师引导学生总结出现because, since和as引导的原因状语从句相关知识点。 Let's play. 任务五:Summary 任务四: 观察学生展示原因状语从句从属连词的提问和回答,判断学生能否准确掌握原因状语从句的常见引导词,对学生表现给予及时反馈。 任务五:从学生的总结和造句情况来看,判断学生对所教授的内容的掌握程度,并进行客观的评价和引导,及时调整教学。
设计意图 通过深入分析研究because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of的结构、基本用法和区别等,体会because, since和as引导的原因状语从句和介词短语because of在实际运用时灵活性,培养学生的中英思维。
课时教学板书设计
评价量表
课时作业设计
作业内容 作业目标 设计意图
基础题: 整理并制作原因状语从句(since, because, as)和because of的思维导图,然后为每个规则造一个句子。 对所学内容掌握情况做到心中有数。 查漏补缺,复习本课时所学内容。
提高题: 完成语法练习题。 复习和消化本节课所学内容。 巩固本节课所学内容。
拓展题: 根据原因状语从句(since, because, as)和because of的结构,每种句式至少造三个句子。 巩固本节课教学原因状语从句和because of,并描述实际生活中发生的事情。 培养学生在生活的真实场景中,对英语的运用能力和创造力。
课后反思(实施后填写)
本课为语法课,本课通过游戏、例句、标点符号,整理思维导图结合主课文内容的形式展开教学。通过归纳总结原因状语从句(since, because, as)和because of的结构。本节课主要内容是学会使用原因状语从句和because of来描述事物的原因和理由,结合图片和已给提示词进行表达,在归纳语法规则时,教师给的例句更好地呈现了实际生活中会运用到的场景,写作中呈现出来的原因状语从句(since, because, as)和because of能够正确运用。不但使本课更好地发挥其“承上启下”的单元教学功能,更重要的是,更好地实现了让语法学习真正为交际服务的目的、帮助学生实现“从语言知识到语言技能”的提升。
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Unit 7 The unknown world
Period 3 Grammar
牛津深圳版 八年级下
Homework 2
Homework2
1. Choose the right answer.
( )1. She won’t go to the cinema ______ she has already seen the film.
A. until B. if C. so D. because
( )2. ______ you’re tired, you’d better stay at home and have a rest.
A. Since B. Or C. Though D. Till
( )3. — Why didn’t you go to the party
— ______ I wasn’t invited.
A. As B. Since C. Because D. So
Homework2
( )4.— Did you call Jack back
— I didn’t need to ______ I’ll see him tomorrow.
A. though B. because C. unless D. when
( )5. ______ we have no money, we can’t buy it.
A. Until B. Unless C. As D. Although
( )6. ______ it was raining, _______ they stayed at home.
A. Because; so B. Because; /
C. Since; so D. As; so
Homework2
( )9. It rained last night, _______ the ground is wet.
A. or B. for C. but D. though
( )10. The baby is sleeping, _______ you’d better keep quiet.
A. but B. or C. because D. so
Homework2
2. Complete the sentences.
1. Merry had a stomachache _________ (because/so) she ate something bad.
2. I didn’t go to Mary’s party _________ (as/so) I was tired.
3. _________ (Although/Since) everyone is here, let’s start the meeting.
4. Glen and Henry didn't arrive there on time __________ (because/because of) the heavy snow.
5. I have to speak English with them, _________ (as/when) the guys I live with don’t know any Chinese.
Key
1. Choose the right answer.
1-5 DACBC 6-10 BACCD
1. because 2.as 3. since 4. because of 5. as
2. Complete the sentences.中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
单 元 整 体 教 学 设 计
学科 英语 年级 八年级下册
使用教材 牛津深圳版 教材页数 P 97 -112
单元名称 Unit 7 The unknown world
单元主题及主要内容分析
主题范畴:人与自然 主题群:宇宙探索 主题:地球与宇宙探秘,航天事业发展 单元话题:未知的世界 主题意义:通过学习外星人和地球人在外星球的相遇故事,激发学生对未知世界的兴趣,促进学生语言能力的发展,同时也拓展了学生对航空航天知识的认识。 以下是单元语篇内容分析图和基于单元主题和语篇内容分析形成的单元结构图: 表一:单元教学内容 语篇语篇类型语篇内容语篇主题意义一 Aliens arrive 记叙文(读)介绍外星人和地球人在外星球相遇的经历。了解科幻故事的基本特点。二 Rescuing the lost astronauts说明文(听)介绍如何帮助拯救迷路的宇航员。了解古代奥林匹克的四种常见体育项目。三 Meeting the people of Bird World记叙文(写)续写遇见鸟人世界。了解科幻故事的写作特点与方法。四 UFO记叙文(读)介绍不明飞行物的故事。了解不明飞行物的相关故事。五 Science fiction说明文(读)介绍科幻小说之父及其作品《世界的战争》。了解科幻小说和《世界的战争》的基本介绍。
表二:单元大观念:
学情分析
(一)自然情况 本单元围绕“未知的世界”这一话题,开展教学活动,学习《外星人到来》、《不明飞行物》、《科幻小说》等未知世界的故事。符合Module 4 Discovery这个话题的内容探究,以及八年级学生对知识的汲取需求。 (二)已有基础 (1)学生对“未知的世界”的话题比较熟悉,对外星人的故事着浓厚的兴趣,并愿意分享。 (2)学生已经基本掌握了课内词汇并能理解because,as,since引导的原因状语从句和用because of陈述理由。约有70%的学生可以准确表达含有because,as,since和because of的句子。 (三)存在问题
《外星人到来》属于The unknown world这个话题,涉及的知识面非常广,学生虽然在小学和七年级上册涉猎了一些,但是比较浅显,涉及的知识面也不够广泛。本单元的教学内容应该站在一个更高更宽广的角度去理解。 (四)解决措施 1.鼓励学生在课堂上积极踊跃发言,尊重每个学生的想法,并给予客观公正的评价,而不是期待唯一的标准答案。 2. 培养学生思考如何描述外星人和地球人相遇时的有趣故事。 3. 在教学过程中,以学生为中心。创设让学生合作交流的学习情境,一起探讨、讨论,共同完成学习任务。并鼓励学生将所学内容与家长进行分享。 4. 教学方式灵活多样,根据学生随堂掌握情况,及时做出调整和改进。 5. 从多角度多维度对学生进行多方位评价。
单元课标要求及学习目标
【单元课标要求】 通过单元词汇、短语、句式、语法的学习,使学生能够用目标语言描述外星人和宇航员相遇的故事,并且能够用原因状语从句和含有because of描述理由的故事过程。 【单元学习目标】学习本单元后,能够: 语言能力: 使学生掌握一些单词和短语的基本用法。 能够用含有because,as,since引导的原因状语从句和because of引导的句子描述故事。掌握相应的语用功能。 学习能力: 使学生对阅读技巧有很好的理解。 思维品质: 能够用目标语言准确、批判性和创造性地谈论他们对文章或故事看法。 文化意识: 了解外星人和地球人之间的有趣故事,激发学生探索宇宙和阅读科幻小说的兴趣。
单元课时安排
课时及教材板块 课型 课时对应的单元教学目标 评价的手段与方式
第一课时Reading 阅读课 通过观察标题和图片来预测阅读文章的主题。了解外星人和地球人在外星球相遇的故事,树立阅读科幻小说的意识。 通过《Aliens arrive!》的精读,完成P100-101的选择题和填空题,来评价掌握略读和扫读的阅读技巧,同时使用合适的目标语言和句式表达。
第二课时Listening& Speaking 听 力 对话课 掌握通过图片和提供的关键词信息,对篇章内容的整体推测,及抓住关键信息的听力技能;通过小组活动对讨论结果表达同意或不同意见。 通过完成P102 Rescuing the lost astronauts 这篇文章的填空,来评价掌握是否有效听力,获取关键信息的能力。
第三课时Grammar 语法课 掌握连词as,since和because的含义和用法,掌握用because of陈述理由。 通过写出正确的时间状语从句句式结构,评价是否正确掌握。
第四课时Writing & Study skills 写作课 通过图片、关键词提示,学会边听边做笔记。 通过图片和已给的关键词信息,评价是否能用所学词汇、句式、语法等正确边听边做听力笔记。
第五课时 More practice & Culture corner 阅 读 拓展课 能够用目标语言,理解短文《不明飞行物》,学习外星人的故事;通过短文《科幻小说》,了解科幻小说之父及其作品《世界的战争》。 通过P112 科幻小说介绍科幻小说之父,来评价是否阅读其他科幻小说。
单元评价设计
本单元课主要是基于主题意义进行单元整体教学的设计,以学生对于主题意义的理解和学习能力的发展为主线,设计体现关联性和递进性的学习活动,旨在向学生理解本单元的话题The unknown world以及相关背景知识,通过阅读记叙文“外星人到来”,把本单元各板块的学习内容主题引出并串联起来,引起学生学习本单元的兴趣。本单元教学紧密地跟语篇教学和文化意识教学结合在一起。在“听、说、读、写”的活动中,教师能引导学生逐步从导读、分析到理解文本的内容,并且根据文本内容进行深度思考,思考外星人与地球人相遇时的故事和对人类的影响,实现学生本人与文本的对话。在输出任务中,让学生综合单元所学的语篇知识和人文知识,以小组为单位,分别以说和写的形式,谈论自己想象或已知的外星故事并分享。在文化意识教学方面,通过阅读更多关于“外星人到来”的拓展阅读,引导学生思考科幻小说的写作特点,增强学生对航空航天事业的兴趣,使得整个单元教学内容和情感目标得以升华。
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