2024届高考英语复习阅读理解高频词汇整理 课件（共26张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语复习阅读理解高频词汇整理 课件（共26张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-27 21:26:45 | ||
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(共26张PPT)
高考英语阅读理解
高频词汇
知识梳理
01
时间匹配
1、每篇阅读作答10分钟
阅读理解考试时长是40分钟，其中包含1篇长篇阅读、2篇仔细阅读和1篇选词填空。
建议节奏:前两篇文章作答22分钟，后两篇文章作答18分钟。
2、“1+4+5”
带着问题去阅读，而不是靠通读全文找答案。
建议节奏: 1+4+5 (前1分钟看题干，中间4分钟看文章，后五分钟作答)。
题型分类技巧
1、细节题
1)我们应该先看题干再看文章，有目的性和方向感地看文章。
2)还要注意一类特殊的选项:符合常理但是不符合原文的选项。
注意：一定根据原文选择答案
推理题
推理题又可以根据提问方式分为两类，一类是用suggest, imply, indicate提问，这类推理题按照细节题的方法来处理即可。
真正有难度的是用conclude, infer提问的推理题。用conclude提问的题目,一般会涉及原文中结论性、观点性的语言，尤其是段落首末的句子。
而用infer提问的题目，如果题干信息比较具体，我们可以把它当作细节题来处理;如果题干信息比较少，一般就是考察原文观点、结论甚至是文章主题。
主旨题
（1）着重关注文章前两段中的结论性语言。
（2）转折性的语言通常也能体现作者的观点、倾向或偏好。
（3）干扰选项多是错在“以偏概全”。
问题及解决办法
1、主语拉长
解决方法:有效分解主谓成分，断开之后各个击破。
2、分词短语打头，句子呈现三段(或三段以上)的长句式，分词短语(现在分词和过去分词)做状语，这一句式比较常见，阅读时要区分短语和主语之间的逻辑关系，所以理解.上有难度。
解决方法:理清主动和被动关系。一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系;而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。
细节理解题
细节理解题主要考查原文中的具体信息，用who，when，where，which，how many和how much等进行发问，考查考生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节的理解能力。考生要注意忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系，不能主观臆断。
解题方法：
Step 1：阅读题干，抓取关键信息；
Step 2：根据关键信息定位文中信息点；
Step 3：结合信息区域上下文理解、比对。
解题点津：
1.在出现一些关键词，如however，but，moreover, therefore，thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折、递进、因果等关系。
2. 细节理解题的答案可能是原文的同义转换。
3. 注意选项中的副词、形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如:must, may, often，should, usually,might, most，more or less，likely，all, never, few等存在程度不同，经常被偷换,往往被忽视。
4. 注意干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同;叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及。
推理判断题
高考英语推理判断题的考查方向主要包括：推断隐含意义；推断文章出处或读者对象；推断人物性格；对文章内容进行预测；推断写作手法或篇章结构。
解题点津：
1. 推断隐含意义类题目的题干中常出现know about, learn from,infer（推断）,indicate（暗示）,imply（暗示）,suggest（表明，暗示）,conclude（得出结论）,assume（假定,认为）等短语或词。
2. 正确选项通常不是原文直接叙述的信息，一般没有表示绝对概念的字眼，通常含有usually,may，most likely，some, might,can, possibly等词语。
3. 可以根据文章内容来判断文章出处：介绍某产品性能的文章可能来自广告；介绍某人生平事迹的文章可能来自传记；介绍浅显的科学知识的文章可能选自学生用的教材或杂志；介绍新型交通工具的文章可能来自报纸上的科技版面；介绍某处名胜或景点的文章可能出自旅游杂志、休闲杂志等。
4. 可以根据文中关键信息判断文章出处：含有网址或click等字眼的文章可能出自网站；含有experiment,research等词的文章可能来自科学报告或研究论文；含有admission,routes等词的文章可能来自旅行指南；含有food,health等词的文章可能来自健康杂志或报纸的健康版块。
5. 做预测文章内容类题目时，要首先把握作者的写作思路（如文章可能按事件发展的顺序来写,也可能按因果关系、对比关系等来叙述）。作者往往先提出几个要解决或说明的问题,或提出几种观点,然后再一一解释说明。因此,考生可以先找出作者已经阐明的问题或观点,接下来文章将会如何发展便一目了然。
阅读理解必会词汇：
aside adv.在旁边，到旁边
aspect n.方面，样子，外表
assistant n.助手，助教
assume vt.假定，承担，呈现
astonish vt.使惊讶，使吃惊
athlete n.运动员
atmosphere n.大气，气氛
attach vt.缚，系，贴，附加
attack vt.vi.n.攻击，进攻
阅读理解必备词汇：
teenager n.青少年
telegram n.电报
telegraph n.电报(机) v.发电报
telescope n.望远镜
television n.电视，电视机
temple n.神殿，庙宇；太阳穴
temporary adj.暂时的，临时的
tend vi.走向，趋向
tendency n.趋向，趋势
badly adv.坏，差，严重地
badminton n.羽毛球
baggage n.行李
bake vt.烤，烘，烧硬
balance vt.使平衡，称n.天平
ban n. 禁令vt. 禁止，取缔
band n.乐队，带，波段
bar n.酒吧间，条，杆
阅读理解必备词汇：
teenager n.青少年
telegram n.电报
telegraph n.电报(机) v.发电报
telescope n.望远镜
television n.电视，电视机
temple n.神殿，庙宇；太阳穴
temporary adj.暂时的，临时的
tend vi.走向，趋向
tendency n.趋向，趋势
beard n.胡须，络腮胡子
beauty n.美，美丽，美人
beer n.啤酒
beg vt.vi.乞求，请求
beginning n.开始，开端，起源
behave vi.表现，举止
belly n.腹部，胃
belong vi.属于，附属
belt n.带，腰带，区
café n.咖啡馆，小餐厅
cage n.笼，鸟笼，囚笼
calculate vt.计算，估计，计划
calm adj.平静的
candidate n.候选人，投考者
carpet n.地毯，毡毯，毛毯
carrot n.胡萝卜
cart n.二轮运货马车
case n.情况，事实，病例
comrade n.同志
concentrate vt.集中，聚集，浓缩
concern n.关心，挂念，关系
conclusion n.结论，推论，结尾
concrete n.混凝土a.具体的，实在的
conduct n.举止，行为，指导
conductor n.售票员，(乐队)指挥
confident n.确信的，自信的
confirm vt.证实，肯定，批准
conflict n.争论，冲突，斗争
confuse vt.使混乱，混淆
congratulation n. 祝词，贺辞
consist vi.由…组成
constant adj.经常的，永恒的
construction n.建造，建筑物
consume vt.消耗，消费
contain vt.包含，容纳
content adj.满意的，满足的
continent n.大陆，洲
contribute vt.捐献，捐助，投稿
模拟练习
02
It’s the oldest trick in the book: threaten the kids with a piece of coal, and they’ll behave in the name of Santa Claus.Some people say that parents are purposely taking in their kids by lying to them about Santa. Is it purposely cheating or playing along with the fantasy There are always those stories about the kindergarten teacher or parent who would tell the kids there’s no Santa Claus, and they’d all start crying on the lost dreams.But if another teacher goes into a third-grade class and says there is a Santa Claus, they’ll all laugh at her.What I say is that if they’re at the age when they’re still believing,why bother to end it Then how long should parents pretend Studies indicate that after eight,75 percent of kids don’t believe.That’s the first “S” word that parents have to deal with—it’s not sex. It’s Santa.So the parent has to sit down and say it in a gentle way. “Listen,Santa did exist. He was a person who gave to others and now that you’re older, you can give to others and be Santa,too.”Do you think if a kid who believes in Santa walks into a third-or-fourth-grade class, his friends are going to tell him in a gentle way No.They’re going to make fun of him, and the kid is going to run home crying ,saying you lied to him. We all remember how the news is broken to us, so if we all remember, then there’s some significance or we would have forgotten it. And it’s better to have a memory if someone doing it nicely than some kids laughing at you.Santa is also used as an instrument of guilt, because Santa knows everything. So even if the kids did bad things and got away with them, Santa knew. Still. Santa alone is not a good behavioral tool. You can’t, in, say, January, play the Santa card to your child—because Christmas is too far away.
8. According to the first paragraph, parents should__________.A. telling the kids that Santa does not existB. lie to their children on the problem of Santa ClausC. not tell the truth if their children believe Santa Claus existsD. tell children in advance in case of being laughed at by classmates9. Why could your kid possibly be made fun of in the fourth grade A. He tells a lie that he believes in Santa.B. He says Santa does exist in this world.C. He expects gentle talks from his friends.D. He gives to others and acts as Santa does.10. The underlined part in the last paragraph most probably means to__________.A. play cards with children happilyB. talk the kids out of doing something badC. clarify the truth of Santa to the kids in a gentle wayD. let the children figure the problem out by themselves11. The author’s intention in writing this text is to__________.A. introduce the detailed story of Santa Claus in all aspectsB. prevent children from being laughed at by fellow classmatesC. help children to understand whether Santa Claus is real or notD. instruct parents how to explain the existence of Santa Claus to kids
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D【解析】文章目的是指导父母如何向孩子解释圣诞老人的存在。8. C推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句What I say is that if they’re at the age when they’re still believing, why bother to end it 可知，如果他们的孩子相信圣诞老人是存在的，那就不要说真话。故选C。9. B推理判断题。根据第二段中“Listen,Santa did exist. He was a person who gave to others and now that you’re older, you can give to others and be Santa,too.”Do you think if a kid who believes in Santa walks into a third-or-fourth-grade class, his friends are going to tell him in a gentle way No.They’re going to make fun of him,可知，在四年级的孩子如果说世界上确实存在圣诞老人是会被取笑的。故选B。10. B词义猜测题。根据最后一段中.Santa alone is not a good behavioral tool. 圣诞老人并不是一个好的行为工具You can’t,in,say, January, play the Santa card to your child—because Christmas is too far away. 你不能，比如说，一月，给你的孩子播放圣诞老人卡——因为圣诞节太遥远了。由此可知，最后一段划线部分的意思是“告诉孩子们做不好的事情”，故选B。11. D主旨大意题。根据第一段中It’s the oldest trick in the book: threaten the kids with a piece of coal, and they’ll behave in the name of Santa Claus.Some people say that parents are purposely taking in their kids by lying to them about Santa. Is it purposely cheating or playing along with the fantasy 作者写这篇文章的目的是指导父母如何向孩子解释圣诞老人的存在。故选D。
thanks
高考英语阅读理解
高频词汇
知识梳理
01
时间匹配
1、每篇阅读作答10分钟
阅读理解考试时长是40分钟，其中包含1篇长篇阅读、2篇仔细阅读和1篇选词填空。
建议节奏:前两篇文章作答22分钟，后两篇文章作答18分钟。
2、“1+4+5”
带着问题去阅读，而不是靠通读全文找答案。
建议节奏: 1+4+5 (前1分钟看题干，中间4分钟看文章，后五分钟作答)。
题型分类技巧
1、细节题
1)我们应该先看题干再看文章，有目的性和方向感地看文章。
2)还要注意一类特殊的选项:符合常理但是不符合原文的选项。
注意：一定根据原文选择答案
推理题
推理题又可以根据提问方式分为两类，一类是用suggest, imply, indicate提问，这类推理题按照细节题的方法来处理即可。
真正有难度的是用conclude, infer提问的推理题。用conclude提问的题目,一般会涉及原文中结论性、观点性的语言，尤其是段落首末的句子。
而用infer提问的题目，如果题干信息比较具体，我们可以把它当作细节题来处理;如果题干信息比较少，一般就是考察原文观点、结论甚至是文章主题。
主旨题
（1）着重关注文章前两段中的结论性语言。
（2）转折性的语言通常也能体现作者的观点、倾向或偏好。
（3）干扰选项多是错在“以偏概全”。
问题及解决办法
1、主语拉长
解决方法:有效分解主谓成分，断开之后各个击破。
2、分词短语打头，句子呈现三段(或三段以上)的长句式，分词短语(现在分词和过去分词)做状语，这一句式比较常见，阅读时要区分短语和主语之间的逻辑关系，所以理解.上有难度。
解决方法:理清主动和被动关系。一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系;而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。
细节理解题
细节理解题主要考查原文中的具体信息，用who，when，where，which，how many和how much等进行发问，考查考生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节的理解能力。考生要注意忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系，不能主观臆断。
解题方法：
Step 1：阅读题干，抓取关键信息；
Step 2：根据关键信息定位文中信息点；
Step 3：结合信息区域上下文理解、比对。
解题点津：
1.在出现一些关键词，如however，but，moreover, therefore，thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折、递进、因果等关系。
2. 细节理解题的答案可能是原文的同义转换。
3. 注意选项中的副词、形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如:must, may, often，should, usually,might, most，more or less，likely，all, never, few等存在程度不同，经常被偷换,往往被忽视。
4. 注意干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同;叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及。
推理判断题
高考英语推理判断题的考查方向主要包括：推断隐含意义；推断文章出处或读者对象；推断人物性格；对文章内容进行预测；推断写作手法或篇章结构。
解题点津：
1. 推断隐含意义类题目的题干中常出现know about, learn from,infer（推断）,indicate（暗示）,imply（暗示）,suggest（表明，暗示）,conclude（得出结论）,assume（假定,认为）等短语或词。
2. 正确选项通常不是原文直接叙述的信息，一般没有表示绝对概念的字眼，通常含有usually,may，most likely，some, might,can, possibly等词语。
3. 可以根据文章内容来判断文章出处：介绍某产品性能的文章可能来自广告；介绍某人生平事迹的文章可能来自传记；介绍浅显的科学知识的文章可能选自学生用的教材或杂志；介绍新型交通工具的文章可能来自报纸上的科技版面；介绍某处名胜或景点的文章可能出自旅游杂志、休闲杂志等。
4. 可以根据文中关键信息判断文章出处：含有网址或click等字眼的文章可能出自网站；含有experiment,research等词的文章可能来自科学报告或研究论文；含有admission,routes等词的文章可能来自旅行指南；含有food,health等词的文章可能来自健康杂志或报纸的健康版块。
5. 做预测文章内容类题目时，要首先把握作者的写作思路（如文章可能按事件发展的顺序来写,也可能按因果关系、对比关系等来叙述）。作者往往先提出几个要解决或说明的问题,或提出几种观点,然后再一一解释说明。因此,考生可以先找出作者已经阐明的问题或观点,接下来文章将会如何发展便一目了然。
阅读理解必会词汇：
aside adv.在旁边，到旁边
aspect n.方面，样子，外表
assistant n.助手，助教
assume vt.假定，承担，呈现
astonish vt.使惊讶，使吃惊
athlete n.运动员
atmosphere n.大气，气氛
attach vt.缚，系，贴，附加
attack vt.vi.n.攻击，进攻
阅读理解必备词汇：
teenager n.青少年
telegram n.电报
telegraph n.电报(机) v.发电报
telescope n.望远镜
television n.电视，电视机
temple n.神殿，庙宇；太阳穴
temporary adj.暂时的，临时的
tend vi.走向，趋向
tendency n.趋向，趋势
badly adv.坏，差，严重地
badminton n.羽毛球
baggage n.行李
bake vt.烤，烘，烧硬
balance vt.使平衡，称n.天平
ban n. 禁令vt. 禁止，取缔
band n.乐队，带，波段
bar n.酒吧间，条，杆
阅读理解必备词汇：
teenager n.青少年
telegram n.电报
telegraph n.电报(机) v.发电报
telescope n.望远镜
television n.电视，电视机
temple n.神殿，庙宇；太阳穴
temporary adj.暂时的，临时的
tend vi.走向，趋向
tendency n.趋向，趋势
beard n.胡须，络腮胡子
beauty n.美，美丽，美人
beer n.啤酒
beg vt.vi.乞求，请求
beginning n.开始，开端，起源
behave vi.表现，举止
belly n.腹部，胃
belong vi.属于，附属
belt n.带，腰带，区
café n.咖啡馆，小餐厅
cage n.笼，鸟笼，囚笼
calculate vt.计算，估计，计划
calm adj.平静的
candidate n.候选人，投考者
carpet n.地毯，毡毯，毛毯
carrot n.胡萝卜
cart n.二轮运货马车
case n.情况，事实，病例
comrade n.同志
concentrate vt.集中，聚集，浓缩
concern n.关心，挂念，关系
conclusion n.结论，推论，结尾
concrete n.混凝土a.具体的，实在的
conduct n.举止，行为，指导
conductor n.售票员，(乐队)指挥
confident n.确信的，自信的
confirm vt.证实，肯定，批准
conflict n.争论，冲突，斗争
confuse vt.使混乱，混淆
congratulation n. 祝词，贺辞
consist vi.由…组成
constant adj.经常的，永恒的
construction n.建造，建筑物
consume vt.消耗，消费
contain vt.包含，容纳
content adj.满意的，满足的
continent n.大陆，洲
contribute vt.捐献，捐助，投稿
模拟练习
02
It’s the oldest trick in the book: threaten the kids with a piece of coal, and they’ll behave in the name of Santa Claus.Some people say that parents are purposely taking in their kids by lying to them about Santa. Is it purposely cheating or playing along with the fantasy There are always those stories about the kindergarten teacher or parent who would tell the kids there’s no Santa Claus, and they’d all start crying on the lost dreams.But if another teacher goes into a third-grade class and says there is a Santa Claus, they’ll all laugh at her.What I say is that if they’re at the age when they’re still believing,why bother to end it Then how long should parents pretend Studies indicate that after eight,75 percent of kids don’t believe.That’s the first “S” word that parents have to deal with—it’s not sex. It’s Santa.So the parent has to sit down and say it in a gentle way. “Listen,Santa did exist. He was a person who gave to others and now that you’re older, you can give to others and be Santa,too.”Do you think if a kid who believes in Santa walks into a third-or-fourth-grade class, his friends are going to tell him in a gentle way No.They’re going to make fun of him, and the kid is going to run home crying ,saying you lied to him. We all remember how the news is broken to us, so if we all remember, then there’s some significance or we would have forgotten it. And it’s better to have a memory if someone doing it nicely than some kids laughing at you.Santa is also used as an instrument of guilt, because Santa knows everything. So even if the kids did bad things and got away with them, Santa knew. Still. Santa alone is not a good behavioral tool. You can’t, in, say, January, play the Santa card to your child—because Christmas is too far away.
8. According to the first paragraph, parents should__________.A. telling the kids that Santa does not existB. lie to their children on the problem of Santa ClausC. not tell the truth if their children believe Santa Claus existsD. tell children in advance in case of being laughed at by classmates9. Why could your kid possibly be made fun of in the fourth grade A. He tells a lie that he believes in Santa.B. He says Santa does exist in this world.C. He expects gentle talks from his friends.D. He gives to others and acts as Santa does.10. The underlined part in the last paragraph most probably means to__________.A. play cards with children happilyB. talk the kids out of doing something badC. clarify the truth of Santa to the kids in a gentle wayD. let the children figure the problem out by themselves11. The author’s intention in writing this text is to__________.A. introduce the detailed story of Santa Claus in all aspectsB. prevent children from being laughed at by fellow classmatesC. help children to understand whether Santa Claus is real or notD. instruct parents how to explain the existence of Santa Claus to kids
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D【解析】文章目的是指导父母如何向孩子解释圣诞老人的存在。8. C推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句What I say is that if they’re at the age when they’re still believing, why bother to end it 可知，如果他们的孩子相信圣诞老人是存在的，那就不要说真话。故选C。9. B推理判断题。根据第二段中“Listen,Santa did exist. He was a person who gave to others and now that you’re older, you can give to others and be Santa,too.”Do you think if a kid who believes in Santa walks into a third-or-fourth-grade class, his friends are going to tell him in a gentle way No.They’re going to make fun of him,可知，在四年级的孩子如果说世界上确实存在圣诞老人是会被取笑的。故选B。10. B词义猜测题。根据最后一段中.Santa alone is not a good behavioral tool. 圣诞老人并不是一个好的行为工具You can’t,in,say, January, play the Santa card to your child—because Christmas is too far away. 你不能，比如说，一月，给你的孩子播放圣诞老人卡——因为圣诞节太遥远了。由此可知，最后一段划线部分的意思是“告诉孩子们做不好的事情”，故选B。11. D主旨大意题。根据第一段中It’s the oldest trick in the book: threaten the kids with a piece of coal, and they’ll behave in the name of Santa Claus.Some people say that parents are purposely taking in their kids by lying to them about Santa. Is it purposely cheating or playing along with the fantasy 作者写这篇文章的目的是指导父母如何向孩子解释圣诞老人的存在。故选D。
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