中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
知识过关第3讲 短语一
1.be good for 对...有好处
要点精析 含good 的短语：
【对点训练】
Miss Li is good ___ music．She can be good ____ children in the music club.
A．at, at B．with, with C．at, with D．with, at
答案 C
2.either … or … 或者……或者……，要么……要么……
要点精析 either… or…表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分。either…or…连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。
如：Either you or she is wrong.不是你错就是她错。
【对点训练】
不是杰克要来，就是戴维要来。
______ Jack _______ David is coming.
答案 Either or
3.have time for/to do sth.有时间去做某事
要点精析 time 其后常跟介词for或者动词不定式to do，表示“做....的时间”。
Mary doesn’t have time to play because of too much homework.
因为作业太多了，玛丽没有时间玩耍。
I have to finish my work before lunch，so I don’t have time to go to the canteen.
我必须在午饭前完成我的工作，所以我没有时间去餐厅了。
【对点训练】
1.Mike spends too much time on computer games.So he______time ______homework.
A.doesn’t have；for B.has；to do
C.doesn’t has；to do D.has；for
答案 A
4.One 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩
要点精析 由“基数词＋连字符+ 可数名词单数形式＋连字符+ 形容词”构成的复合形容词，常用来作定语。
This is an 8-month-old baby. 这是一个八个月大的婴儿。
It’s a 300-meter-long bridge. 它是一座长300 米的桥。
辨析： 11-year-old 与11 years old
11-year-old 用连字符连接，中间的名词用单数，在句中作定语。
11 years old 不用连字符连接，中间的名词用复数，在句中作表语。
由“基数词+ 单数名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词的特点：
① 三个词之间要有连字符；② 中间的名词必须是单数；③ 只能作定语，不可作表语。
【对点训练】
—The _______ girl has won the prize of International Master of Memory.
—Wow, she’s great, isn’t she
A. ten-year-old B. ten-years-old
C. ten year old D. ten years old
答案A
5.leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen 把脏餐具留在厨房里
要点精析 leave及物动词，意为“留下；剩下”，常与表示地点的介词短语连用，构成“leave＋宾语＋地点状语”结构，表示“把某物落在某地”。
如：Don’t leave your pen in the classroom.不要把你的钢笔落在教室里。
6.kind of 稍微;有点儿
要点精析 kind of作程度副词,意为“稍微;有点儿”,修饰形容词或副词,相当于a little或a bit。
与kind有关的短语:
【对点训练】
—Do you know there are many ______animals in the zoo
—Yes,I do.And I also know that some of them are______ scary.
A.kinds of;kind of B.kinds of;kinds of
C.kind of;kinds of D.kind of;kind of
答案A
7.one of ……之一
要点精析 one of意为“……之一”,后接可数名词复数或复数代词的宾格,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
One of my pens is blue.
我其中的一支钢笔是蓝色的。
One of them is a doctor.
他们中有一个是医生。
【对点训练】
Liu Xin is one of the best basketball_______(star) in our school.
答案stars
8.be made of 由...制成
要点精析 辨析be made of与be made from
be made of 意为“由……制成的”,产品可以看出原材料 The old bridge is made of stones.这座古老的桥是由石头砌成的。
be made from 意为“由……制成的”,产品看不出原材料 The juice is made from oranges.这果汁是由橙子制成的。
【对点训练】
1.The paper cups are ______ paper and the paper is______ wood.
A.made from;made of
B.made of;made from
C.making of;making from
D.making from;making of
答案B
9.take the subway 乘坐地铁
要点精析 在英语中，表示“交通方式”的方法有：
① take/ride/drive+a/the/one’s...+交通工具名词；
② by+单数交通工具名词；
③ in/on+冠词/形容词性物主代词+交通工具名词。例如：
Dale rides a/his bike to school.
=Dale goes to school by bike.
=Dale goes to school on his bike. 戴尔骑自行车去上学。
注意：on foot 步行
【对点训练】
—Does your mother go to work _____ car or_____ foot？
—Neither（两者都不）. She often goes to work by bus.
A.by; on B.by; by C.on; by D.on; on
答案A
10.wear a hat 戴帽子
要点精析 wear是及物动词，意为“穿；戴”；表示穿着的状态，其宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰品、奖章等。
如：He wears a black T-shirt.他穿着一件黑色的T恤衫。
He wears a new watch.他戴着一块新手表。
辨析：wear，put on 和dress
①wear＋衣服（穿着……）
②be （dressed） in＋衣服/颜色（穿着……）
①put on＋衣服（穿上……）
②dress＋人（给……穿衣服）
【对点训练】
We can’t ______（戴） a hat in the classroom.
答案wear
11.have to必须；不得不
要点精析 have to具有情态动词的功能，后常接动词原形，但是有人称、数和时态的变化。
如：She has to go back home to get her homework.她不得不回家拿她的家庭作业。
【拓展】其否定形式是在have to前加don’t或doesn’t，意为“不必”，相当于needn’t；疑问句要借助助动词do或does来完成。
如：You don’t have to hand in your report today.你今天不必交你的报告。
Do you have to go back home today？ 你今天必须回家吗？
【对点训练】
We ________ be noisy in the library and we ________ keep the books clean.
A．have to；must B．must；can't C．can't；have to D．have to；can't
答案C
12. do the dishes 清洗餐具
dish n.碟；盘
要点精析 dish作可数名词，常用the dishes表示“（待清洗的）餐具”。dish还有“菜肴；一道菜”之意。
The glass dish is beautiful. 那个玻璃盘很漂亮。
This is an excellent hot main dish. 这是一道绝好的热主菜。
13.read a book 读书
read v. 读；阅读
要点精析 read在句中作及物动词，其过去式还是read，但读作/red/。
My father often reads newspapers in the morning. 我爸爸经常在早上读报。
【拓展延伸】read也可作不及物动词，意为“阅读；朗读”。
You read and I write. 你读我写。
【易混辨析】read, look, see与watch
read 强调看书、报纸、杂志等有文字的东西。
look 强调“看”的动作，不强调“看见”这个结果，是不及物动词，后接宾语时要与介词at连用。
see 强调“看”的结果，表示“看见；看到”。see也用于一些短语中，如：see a doctor“看医生”，see a movie“看电影”。
watch 强调“观看”正在运动或变化的事物，有时含有“欣赏”之意。
14.learn to play the piano 学会弹钢琴
learn v. 学习；学会
要点精析 learn在句中作动词，learn to do sth.“学做某事”。
He is learning to drive a car. 他在学开车。
【拓展延伸】learn的其他常见短语：
learn from 向......学习 learn about学习; 了解
We should learn from Jim. 我们应该向吉姆学习。
I want to learn about Chinese culture. 我想了解中国文化。
15. have fun 玩得开心；过得愉快
要点精析 have fun相当于have a good time或enjoy oneself。 have fun doing sth. 意为“做某事很高兴”。
The students are having fun speaking English now. 学生们现在正开心地说英语。
16. like tigers a lot 很喜欢老虎
要点精析 a lot 修饰动词“like”,意为“非常；很”。
【辨析】a lot, a lot of
a lot 非常 ；很 可修饰动词，位于其后。
a lot of 许多 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，相当于lots of。
【对点训练】
–Do you like tigers
-Yes, I like them ________.
A. a lot of B. a lot C. lots of D. many
答案 B
17.lots of 大量；许多
要点精析 既可以修饰可数名词复数，又可以修饰不可数名词，用于肯定句中，与a lot of 是同义短语。
There are lots of birds in the tree.
【辨析】lots of ,much,many
lots of 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，用于肯定句中
much 修饰不可数名词
many 修饰可数名词复数
I drank lots of water after running.
Do you have much money with you
Mike has many friends here.
【例题】
I have (lot) of things to do on weekends.
答案lots
18. taste good 尝起来很好
要点精析 taste此处为连系动词，意为“品尝”。后面跟形容词。
【拓展】类似的表示感觉的连系动词还有look(看起来），sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），feel（摸起来）。
【对点训练】
1.The salad good.I’d like to have more.
A.sounds B.tastes C.looks D.smells
2.Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what______ nice.
A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastes
答案 BC
19.help with sports for English -speaking students 在运动方面帮助英语国家的学生们
要点精析 help with... 意为“在某方面给与帮助”。with后接名词或名词短语。help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人。
I often help him with his English . 我经常帮助他学英语。
【对点训练】
完成句子
My friend Tina always ________________ (在……方面帮助我) English.
答案helps me with
20. play chess 下国际象棋
要点精析 play+球类/棋类，球类和棋类名词前不加任何冠词。play+the+乐器名词，表示“演奏某种乐器”，play the piano/violin/drums
The little girl can play the piano well． 这个小女孩钢琴弹得很好。
【对点训练】
— Can you play ______ piano
— No, I can’t. But I can play ______ basketball.
A. the, the B. the, a C. the, / D. a, the
答案C
一、 根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语，并用其正确形式填空。
A
1. Come on, Susan. Get up and ____________ now.
2. I don't like tigers because they are ___________ scary.
3. Mary wants to have a new house. Can her dream _________
4. Miss Brown ____________ these young students, and I think she can be a good teacher.
5. The elephants are in danger. To save them, we mustn't buy things ________ ivory.
6. Many animals are _______________ because some people kill them for money.
7. Tom is ___________ his family on the phone now.
8. The movie is on at 7：00 p. m. Please be here __________.
9. I never play computer games on school days, but I play them ____________.
10. Sally always helps her mom ________________ after dinner.
答案 1.get dressed 2.kind of 3.come true 4.is good with 5.made of 6.in danger 7talking to 8 on time 9 on weekends 10 do the dishes
二、根据句意及所给汉语提示，用相关短语填空。
1. Let's ____________ (下国际象棋)after school, Mike.
2. Lucy is good at _________________ (拉小提琴).
3.Tom wants to ____________ (交朋友) with Gina a lot.
4. We must _______________ (刷牙) every day.
5. I sometimes _____________ (骑自行车) to school.
6. My parents and I usually ________________ (散步) after dinner.
7. It's six o'clock now. My brother is ________________ (洗淋浴).
8. What about ________________ (乘地铁) to the library
9. My father __________ (开车) to work every day.
10. _______________(听) a piece of light music and you will feel relaxed.
11.Look! The man is _____________ (砍倒) the big tree.
三、完型填空
In July, little Helen always goes to see her grandfather. He lives on the farm. On the farm,there are many kinds of 1 ,such as cows, dogs, cats and sheep. She likes to play with them 2 they can make her happy.
On the farm, there is also a little 3 .It has no mother and it 4 plays with other animals. It often 5 around by itself. This is why Helen likes it. Helen likes it so much that many times she 6 the elephant how sorry she feels for it and she loves it very much. Gradually it became very 7 to Helen. When it sees Helen,it will 8 up to her like a dog. Sometimes Helen sits on the ground reading and the elephant stands by her. Her grandfather wonders (想知道) why the elephant likes her so much. Helen's answer is that she loves it.
Helen is 9 . We should love and protect animals. They are our good 10 .
1.A.birds B.animals C.people D.fish
2.A.because B.so C.unless D.or
3.A.cat B.panda C.cow D.elephant
4.A.often B.never C.sometimes D.usually
5.A.climbs B.jumps C.flies D.walks
6.A.asks B.speaks C.tells D.watches
7.A.cold B.quiet C.friendly D.sad
8.A.look B.run C.get D.find
9.A.right B.wrong C.true D.kind
10.A.teachers B.students C.enemies D.friends
三、BADBD BCBAD
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知识过关第3讲 短语一
1.be good for 对...有好处
要点精析 含good 的短语：
【对点训练】
Miss Li is good ___ music．She can be good ____ children in the music club.
A．at, at B．with, with C．at, with D．with, at
2.either … or … 或者……或者……，要么……要么……
要点精析 either… or…表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分。either…or…连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。
如：Either you or she is wrong.不是你错就是她错。
【对点训练】
不是杰克要来，就是戴维要来。
______ Jack _______ David is coming.
3.have time for/to do sth.有时间去做某事
要点精析 time 其后常跟介词for或者动词不定式to do，表示“做....的时间”。
Mary doesn’t have time to play because of too much homework.
因为作业太多了，玛丽没有时间玩耍。
I have to finish my work before lunch，so I don’t have time to go to the canteen.
我必须在午饭前完成我的工作，所以我没有时间去餐厅了。
【对点训练】
1.Mike spends too much time on computer games.So he______time ______homework.
A.doesn’t have；for B.has；to do
C.doesn’t has；to do D.has；for
4.One 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩
要点精析 由“基数词＋连字符+ 可数名词单数形式＋连字符+ 形容词”构成的复合形容词，常用来作定语。
This is an 8-month-old baby. 这是一个八个月大的婴儿。
It’s a 300-meter-long bridge. 它是一座长300 米的桥。
辨析： 11-year-old 与11 years old
11-year-old 用连字符连接，中间的名词用单数，在句中作定语。
11 years old 不用连字符连接，中间的名词用复数，在句中作表语。
由“基数词+ 单数名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词的特点：
① 三个词之间要有连字符；② 中间的名词必须是单数；③ 只能作定语，不可作表语。
【对点训练】
—The _______ girl has won the prize of International Master of Memory.
—Wow, she’s great, isn’t she
A. ten-year-old B. ten-years-old
C. ten year old D. ten years old
5.leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen 把脏餐具留在厨房里
要点精析 leave及物动词，意为“留下；剩下”，常与表示地点的介词短语连用，构成“leave＋宾语＋地点状语”结构，表示“把某物落在某地”。
如：Don’t leave your pen in the classroom.不要把你的钢笔落在教室里。
6.kind of 稍微;有点儿
要点精析 kind of作程度副词,意为“稍微;有点儿”,修饰形容词或副词,相当于a little或a bit。
与kind有关的短语:
【对点训练】
—Do you know there are many ______animals in the zoo
—Yes,I do.And I also know that some of them are______ scary.
A.kinds of;kind of B.kinds of;kinds of
C.kind of;kinds of D.kind of;kind of
7.one of ……之一
要点精析 one of意为“……之一”,后接可数名词复数或复数代词的宾格,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
One of my pens is blue.
我其中的一支钢笔是蓝色的。
One of them is a doctor.
他们中有一个是医生。
【对点训练】
Liu Xin is one of the best basketball_______(star) in our school.
8.be made of 由...制成
要点精析 辨析be made of与be made from
be made of 意为“由……制成的”,产品可以看出原材料 The old bridge is made of stones.这座古老的桥是由石头砌成的。
be made from 意为“由……制成的”,产品看不出原材料 The juice is made from oranges.这果汁是由橙子制成的。
【对点训练】
1.The paper cups are ______ paper and the paper is______ wood.
A.made from;made of
B.made of;made from
C.making of;making from
D.making from;making of
9.take the subway 乘坐地铁
要点精析 在英语中，表示“交通方式”的方法有：
① take/ride/drive+a/the/one’s...+交通工具名词；
② by+单数交通工具名词；
③ in/on+冠词/形容词性物主代词+交通工具名词。例如：
Dale rides a/his bike to school.
=Dale goes to school by bike.
=Dale goes to school on his bike. 戴尔骑自行车去上学。
注意：on foot 步行
【对点训练】
—Does your mother go to work _____ car or_____ foot？
—Neither（两者都不）. She often goes to work by bus.
A.by; on B.by; by C.on; by D.on; on
10.wear a hat 戴帽子
要点精析 wear是及物动词，意为“穿；戴”；表示穿着的状态，其宾语可以是衣帽，也可以是饰品、奖章等。
如：He wears a black T-shirt.他穿着一件黑色的T恤衫。
He wears a new watch.他戴着一块新手表。
辨析：wear，put on 和dress
①wear＋衣服（穿着……）
②be （dressed） in＋衣服/颜色（穿着……）
①put on＋衣服（穿上……）
②dress＋人（给……穿衣服）
【对点训练】
We can’t ______（戴） a hat in the classroom.
11.have to必须；不得不
要点精析 have to具有情态动词的功能，后常接动词原形，但是有人称、数和时态的变化。
如：She has to go back home to get her homework.她不得不回家拿她的家庭作业。
【拓展】其否定形式是在have to前加don’t或doesn’t，意为“不必”，相当于needn’t；疑问句要借助助动词do或does来完成。
如：You don’t have to hand in your report today.你今天不必交你的报告。
Do you have to go back home today？ 你今天必须回家吗？
【对点训练】
We ________ be noisy in the library and we ________ keep the books clean.
A．have to；must B．must；can't C．can't；have to D．have to；can't
12. do the dishes 清洗餐具
dish n.碟；盘
要点精析 dish作可数名词，常用the dishes表示“（待清洗的）餐具”。dish还有“菜肴；一道菜”之意。
The glass dish is beautiful. 那个玻璃盘很漂亮。
This is an excellent hot main dish. 这是一道绝好的热主菜。
13.read a book 读书
read v. 读；阅读
要点精析 read在句中作及物动词，其过去式还是read，但读作/red/。
My father often reads newspapers in the morning. 我爸爸经常在早上读报。
【拓展延伸】read也可作不及物动词，意为“阅读；朗读”。
You read and I write. 你读我写。
【易混辨析】read, look, see与watch
read 强调看书、报纸、杂志等有文字的东西。
look 强调“看”的动作，不强调“看见”这个结果，是不及物动词，后接宾语时要与介词at连用。
see 强调“看”的结果，表示“看见；看到”。see也用于一些短语中，如：see a doctor“看医生”，see a movie“看电影”。
watch 强调“观看”正在运动或变化的事物，有时含有“欣赏”之意。
14.learn to play the piano 学会弹钢琴
learn v. 学习；学会
要点精析 learn在句中作动词，learn to do sth.“学做某事”。
He is learning to drive a car. 他在学开车。
【拓展延伸】learn的其他常见短语：
learn from 向......学习 learn about学习; 了解
We should learn from Jim. 我们应该向吉姆学习。
I want to learn about Chinese culture. 我想了解中国文化。
15. have fun 玩得开心；过得愉快
要点精析 have fun相当于have a good time或enjoy oneself。 have fun doing sth. 意为“做某事很高兴”。
The students are having fun speaking English now. 学生们现在正开心地说英语。
16. like tigers a lot 很喜欢老虎
要点精析 a lot 修饰动词“like”,意为“非常；很”。
【辨析】a lot, a lot of
a lot 非常 ；很 可修饰动词，位于其后。
a lot of 许多 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，相当于lots of。
【对点训练】
–Do you like tigers
-Yes, I like them ________.
A. a lot of B. a lot C. lots of D. many
17.lots of 大量；许多
要点精析 既可以修饰可数名词复数，又可以修饰不可数名词，用于肯定句中，与a lot of 是同义短语。
There are lots of birds in the tree.
【辨析】lots of ,much,many
lots of 修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，用于肯定句中
much 修饰不可数名词
many 修饰可数名词复数
I drank lots of water after running.
Do you have much money with you
Mike has many friends here.
【例题】
I have (lot) of things to do on weekends.
18. taste good 尝起来很好
要点精析 taste此处为连系动词，意为“品尝”。后面跟形容词。
【拓展】类似的表示感觉的连系动词还有look(看起来），sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），feel（摸起来）。
【对点训练】
1.The salad good.I’d like to have more.
A.sounds B.tastes C.looks D.smells
2.Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what______ nice.
A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastes
19.help with sports for English -speaking students 在运动方面帮助英语国家的学生们
要点精析 help with... 意为“在某方面给与帮助”。with后接名词或名词短语。help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人。
I often help him with his English . 我经常帮助他学英语。
【对点训练】
完成句子
My friend Tina always ________________ (在……方面帮助我) English.
20. play chess 下国际象棋
要点精析 play+球类/棋类，球类和棋类名词前不加任何冠词。play+the+乐器名词，表示“演奏某种乐器”，play the piano/violin/drums
The little girl can play the piano well． 这个小女孩钢琴弹得很好。
【对点训练】
— Can you play ______ piano
— No, I can’t. But I can play ______ basketball.
A. the, the B. the, a C. the, / D. a, the
一、 根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语，并用其正确形式填空。
A
1. Come on, Susan. Get up and ____________ now.
2. I don't like tigers because they are ___________ scary.
3. Mary wants to have a new house. Can her dream _________
4. Miss Brown ____________ these young students, and I think she can be a good teacher.
5. The elephants are in danger. To save them, we mustn't buy things ________ ivory.
6. Many animals are _______________ because some people kill them for money.
7. Tom is ___________ his family on the phone now.
8. The movie is on at 7：00 p. m. Please be here __________.
9. I never play computer games on school days, but I play them ____________.
10. Sally always helps her mom ________________ after dinner.
二、根据句意及所给汉语提示，用相关短语填空。
1. Let's ____________ (下国际象棋)after school, Mike.
2. Lucy is good at _________________ (拉小提琴).
3.Tom wants to ____________ (交朋友) with Gina a lot.
4. We must _______________ (刷牙) every day.
5. I sometimes _____________ (骑自行车) to school.
6. My parents and I usually ________________ (散步) after dinner.
7. It's six o'clock now. My brother is ________________ (洗淋浴).
8. What about ________________ (乘地铁) to the library
9. My father __________ (开车) to work every day.
10. _______________(听) a piece of light music and you will feel relaxed.
11.Look! The man is _____________ (砍倒) the big tree.
三、完型填空
In July, little Helen always goes to see her grandfather. He lives on the farm. On the farm,there are many kinds of 1 ,such as cows, dogs, cats and sheep. She likes to play with them 2 they can make her happy.
On the farm, there is also a little 3 .It has no mother and it 4 plays with other animals. It often 5 around by itself. This is why Helen likes it. Helen likes it so much that many times she 6 the elephant how sorry she feels for it and she loves it very much. Gradually it became very 7 to Helen. When it sees Helen,it will 8 up to her like a dog. Sometimes Helen sits on the ground reading and the elephant stands by her. Her grandfather wonders (想知道) why the elephant likes her so much. Helen's answer is that she loves it.
Helen is 9 . We should love and protect animals. They are our good 10 .
1.A.birds B.animals C.people D.fish
2.A.because B.so C.unless D.or
3.A.cat B.panda C.cow D.elephant
4.A.often B.never C.sometimes D.usually
5.A.climbs B.jumps C.flies D.walks
6.A.asks B.speaks C.tells D.watches
7.A.cold B.quiet C.friendly D.sad
8.A.look B.run C.get D.find
9.A.right B.wrong C.true D.kind
10.A.teachers B.students C.enemies D.friends
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