中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
知识过关第7讲语法一
一、情态动词can的用法
can表示能力,could 表示过去的能力
例：①I can speak a little Japanese.（我会说一点儿日语。）
②She couldn’t speak Chinese when she came to our school last month.（上月她来我校时还不会说中文。）
can表示允许，准许，这时can与may可以互换
例：①---Can/May I borrow your bike tomorrow 明天我可以借你的自行车吗？
---Yes, of course. You can/may use my bike tomorrow. 当然可以。明天你可以用我的自行车。
3、can表示客观可能性，用在否定句和疑问句中表示猜测。can’t 用于否定猜测，表示“一定不”
例：①He cannot/can’t be there. 他不可能在那儿。
②Can this news be true 这消息可能真实吗？
4、could是can的过去式，在口语中经常代替can，表示非常委婉的请求。这时could和can没有时间上的差别。
例：①Could/Can you tell me if he will go tomorrow 你能告诉我他明天是否去吗？
②Could/Can I ask you something if you are not busy 如果您不太忙，我能否问您一些事情？
③Could/Can you show me the way to the nearest hospital 您能给我指一下去最近的医院的路吗？
【对点训练】
1.--______ you swim ---Yes, but I’m not a good swimmer.
A. Can B. May C. Need D. Must
2.Alan_______ sing, but he _____ dance.
A.can;can’t
B.can;can
C.can’t; can’t
D.can;must
3.Can Mary play the piano
______. She can play it well.
A.Yes, she can
B.No, she can’t
C.Yes, she does
D.No, she doesn’t
4.She can ______chess.She often ______ chess with her father.
A.play;play
B.plays;plays
C.play;plays
D.plays;play
答案ABAC
二、一般现在时态助动词do和does 的用法
实义动词一般现在时的句型
句型形式 句型结构 例句
肯定句 主语+动词原形/动词三单形式+其他 He likes English. We like English.
否定句 主语+don’t / doesn’t +动词原形 He doesn’t like English.
疑问句 一般疑问句 Do/Does+主语+动词原形+… Does he like English
特殊疑问句 疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+… What does he like
【对点训练】
按要求完成句子
1. They always do their homework at home at night. (改为一般疑问句)
________ they always ________ their homework at home at night
答案Do do
2. My father brushes his teeth at 7: 40 a. m. (改为否定句)
My father ________ ________ his teeth at 7: 40 a. m.
答案 doesn’t brush
3.A koala comes from Australia. (变否定句)
A koala ________ ________ from Australia.
答案 doesn’t come
4. He likes pandas very much. (变一般疑问句)
________ he ________ pandas very much
答案Does like
5. I like Tom because he is very friendly. (对划线部分提问)
________ do ________ like Tom
答案Why you
三、特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what, who, when, where, why, whose, when, which, how等。
意思 用法 例句
who 谁 问人的身份，姓名等 He is Li Lie. Who is he He is my brother. Who is he
whom 谁 问人的身份，姓名等（问宾语） I can ask him the question. Whom can you ask the question
what 什么 问人的职业或事物是什么 He is a worker. What is he He has a book. What does he have
which 哪一个 问一定范围内特指的人或物 The big box is mine. Which box is yours The girl at the door is Ann. Which girl is Ann
whose 谁的 问所属关系 This is her book. Whose book is this This book is hers. Whose is this book
what colour 什么颜色 问颜色（表语） My skirt is red. What color is your skirt
what time 几点 问点时间 We play games at five in the afternoon What time do you play games
when 什么时候 问时间 We play games in the afternoon When do you play games
where 什么地方 问地点（状语） We play games at home on Sunday Where do you play games on Sunday
why 为什么 问原因 He isn't at school today because he is ill. Why isn't he at school today
how 怎样 问健康状况、 做事的方式等 He is fine/strong. How is he I go home by bike. How do you go home
how old 多大岁数 问年龄 He is ten. How old is he
how many 多少 跟复数名词， 问数量 There are thirty boys in my class. How many boys are there in your class
how much 多远 跟不可数名词 问数量或价钱 There is some milk in the bottle. How much milk is there in the bottle
how far 多远 问路程 It's five kilometers away from here. How far is it from here
how soon 多久 问in+一段时间 He can finish it in half an hour. How soon can he finish it
how long 多久 问一段时间， 问物体的长短 He has lived here for a year. How long has he lived here The desk is one meter long. How long is the desk
how often 多久一次 问频率 I go to see my parents once a month. How often do you go to see your parents
【对点训练】
根据句意填写疑问词组, 完成下列句子
1. —___________ students are there in your class
—Sixty- three.
2. —___________ is your new coat
—One hundred and sixty yuan.
3. —___________ do you play basketball
—Every day.
4. —________ is it from your home to school
—About 15 minutes' walk.
5. —__________ is the longest river in China
—More than 6, 000 kilometers.
答案How many; How much; How often;How far; How long
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. I can't ________(play) chess with you. I have too much homework to do.
2. —Can your parents ________(speak) English
—Yes, they can.
3. What can your sister ________(do)
4. His parents are very strict with him. He ___________ (not watch) TV on school nights.
5. I have to ________(finish) the book before May 1st.
6. Mr. Li usually ________(get) up at six thirty.
7. She often ________(take) a shower in the morning.
8. Jim always ________(watch) sports games on TV on Sunday night.
9. My little brother never ________(do) exercise.
10. Sam is a lazy(懒惰的) boy. He ________(be) often late for school.
答案1 play 2speak 3 do 4doesn’t watch 5 finish 6 gets 7 takes 8 watches 9 does 10 is
二、根据汉语意思完成句子, 每空一词
1. 你能帮我学习英语吗
________ you ________ me with English
答案Can help
2. 凯特会做什么
________ can Kate ________
答案What do
3. All the students have to hand in their homework before the first class. (改为一般疑问句)
________ all the students ________ ________ hand in their homework before the first class
答案Do have to
4. Tom can swim very well. (改为否定句)
Tom ________ ________ very well.
答案can’t swim
5. Mr. Smith can play Chinese chess very well. (对画线部分进行提问)
________ ________ Mr. Smith ________ very well
答案What can do
6. Li Lei has to take a shower before going to bed. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ Li Lei ________ ________ ________ before going to bed
答案What does have to do
7. You can't run in the hallways. (同义句转换)
________ ________ in the hallways.
答案Don’t run
8. My sister usually gets up at 6: 30. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ does your sister usually get up
答案What time
9. We will go to the bookstore after school. (对画线部分提问)
________ will you go to the bookstore
答案When
10. My son is 6 years old this year.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ is your son this year
答案How old
11. We do some running every day. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ do you do some running
答案How often
12. Alice usually takes a bus to school every day. (对画线部分提问)
________ does Alice go to school every day
答案How
13. I bought six books yesterday.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ books did you buy yesterday
答案How many
14. It's about 15 minutes’ walk from my home to the park.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ is it from your home to the park
答案How far
15. The little dog is black and white. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ is the little dog
答案What color
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
知识过关第7讲语法一
一、情态动词can的用法
can表示能力,could 表示过去的能力
例：①I can speak a little Japanese.（我会说一点儿日语。）
②She couldn’t speak Chinese when she came to our school last month.（上月她来我校时还不会说中文。）
can表示允许，准许，这时can与may可以互换
例：①---Can/May I borrow your bike tomorrow 明天我可以借你的自行车吗？
---Yes, of course. You can/may use my bike tomorrow. 当然可以。明天你可以用我的自行车。
3、can表示客观可能性，用在否定句和疑问句中表示猜测。can’t 用于否定猜测，表示“一定不”
例：①He cannot/can’t be there. 他不可能在那儿。
②Can this news be true 这消息可能真实吗？
4、could是can的过去式，在口语中经常代替can，表示非常委婉的请求。这时could和can没有时间上的差别。
例：①Could/Can you tell me if he will go tomorrow 你能告诉我他明天是否去吗？
②Could/Can I ask you something if you are not busy 如果您不太忙，我能否问您一些事情？
③Could/Can you show me the way to the nearest hospital 您能给我指一下去最近的医院的路吗？
【对点训练】
1.--______ you swim ---Yes, but I’m not a good swimmer.
A. Can B. May C. Need D. Must
2.Alan_______ sing, but he _____ dance.
A.can;can’t
B.can;can
C.can’t; can’t
D.can;must
3.Can Mary play the piano
______. She can play it well.
A.Yes, she can
B.No, she can’t
C.Yes, she does
D.No, she doesn’t
4.She can ______chess.She often ______ chess with her father.
A.play;play
B.plays;plays
C.play;plays
D.plays;play
二、一般现在时态助动词do和does 的用法
实义动词一般现在时的句型
句型形式 句型结构 例句
肯定句 主语+动词原形/动词三单形式+其他 He likes English. We like English.
否定句 主语+don’t / doesn’t +动词原形 He doesn’t like English.
疑问句 一般疑问句 Do/Does+主语+动词原形+… Does he like English
特殊疑问句 疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+… What does he like
【对点训练】
按要求完成句子
1. They always do their homework at home at night. (改为一般疑问句)
________ they always ________ their homework at home at night
2. My father brushes his teeth at 7: 40 a. m. (改为否定句)
My father ________ ________ his teeth at 7: 40 a. m.
3.A koala comes from Australia. (变否定句)
A koala ________ ________ from Australia.
4. He likes pandas very much. (变一般疑问句)
________ he ________ pandas very much
5. I like Tom because he is very friendly. (对划线部分提问)
________ do ________ like Tom
三、特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what, who, when, where, why, whose, when, which, how等。
意思 用法 例句
who 谁 问人的身份，姓名等 He is Li Lie. Who is he He is my brother. Who is he
whom 谁 问人的身份，姓名等（问宾语） I can ask him the question. Whom can you ask the question
what 什么 问人的职业或事物是什么 He is a worker. What is he He has a book. What does he have
which 哪一个 问一定范围内特指的人或物 The big box is mine. Which box is yours The girl at the door is Ann. Which girl is Ann
whose 谁的 问所属关系 This is her book. Whose book is this This book is hers. Whose is this book
what colour 什么颜色 问颜色（表语） My skirt is red. What color is your skirt
what time 几点 问点时间 We play games at five in the afternoon What time do you play games
when 什么时候 问时间 We play games in the afternoon When do you play games
where 什么地方 问地点（状语） We play games at home on Sunday Where do you play games on Sunday
why 为什么 问原因 He isn't at school today because he is ill. Why isn't he at school today
how 怎样 问健康状况、 做事的方式等 He is fine/strong. How is he I go home by bike. How do you go home
how old 多大岁数 问年龄 He is ten. How old is he
how many 多少 跟复数名词， 问数量 There are thirty boys in my class. How many boys are there in your class
how much 多远 跟不可数名词 问数量或价钱 There is some milk in the bottle. How much milk is there in the bottle
how far 多远 问路程 It's five kilometers away from here. How far is it from here
how soon 多久 问in+一段时间 He can finish it in half an hour. How soon can he finish it
how long 多久 问一段时间， 问物体的长短 He has lived here for a year. How long has he lived here The desk is one meter long. How long is the desk
how often 多久一次 问频率 I go to see my parents once a month. How often do you go to see your parents
【对点训练】
根据句意填写疑问词组, 完成下列句子
1. —___________ students are there in your class
—Sixty- three.
2. —___________ is your new coat
—One hundred and sixty yuan.
3. —___________ do you play basketball
—Every day.
4. —________ is it from your home to school
—About 15 minutes' walk.
5. —__________ is the longest river in China
—More than 6, 000 kilometers.
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. I can't ________(play) chess with you. I have too much homework to do.
2. —Can your parents ________(speak) English
—Yes, they can.
3. What can your sister ________(do)
4. His parents are very strict with him. He ___________ (not watch) TV on school nights.
5. I have to ________(finish) the book before May 1st.
6. Mr. Li usually ________(get) up at six thirty.
7. She often ________(take) a shower in the morning.
8. Jim always ________(watch) sports games on TV on Sunday night.
9. My little brother never ________(do) exercise.
10. Sam is a lazy(懒惰的) boy. He ________(be) often late for school.
二、根据汉语意思完成句子, 每空一词
1. 你能帮我学习英语吗
________ you ________ me with English
2. 凯特会做什么
________ can Kate ________
3. All the students have to hand in their homework before the first class. (改为一般疑问句)
________ all the students ________ ________ hand in their homework before the first class
4. Tom can swim very well. (改为否定句)
Tom ________ ________ very well.
5. Mr. Smith can play Chinese chess very well. (对画线部分进行提问)
________ ________ Mr. Smith ________ very well
6. Li Lei has to take a shower before going to bed. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ Li Lei ________ ________ ________ before going to bed
7. You can't run in the hallways. (同义句转换)
________ ________ in the hallways.
8. My sister usually gets up at 6: 30. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ does your sister usually get up
9. We will go to the bookstore after school. (对画线部分提问)
________ will you go to the bookstore
10. My son is 6 years old this year.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ is your son this year
11. We do some running every day. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ do you do some running
12. Alice usually takes a bus to school every day. (对画线部分提问)
________ does Alice go to school every day
13. I bought six books yesterday.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ books did you buy yesterday
14. It's about 15 minutes’ walk from my home to the park.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ is it from your home to the park
15. The little dog is black and white. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ is the little dog
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