2024届高考英语仿真模拟卷05（新高考九省卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the man usually go to work
A．By car. B．By bike. C．By taxi.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Harry, where are you working In a steel factory
M: No, I serve as a secretary in a big company.
W: How do you go to work By car or by bus
M: Usually by bike, but I take a taxi when the weather is bad.
2．When will the train arrive
A．At 4:50. B．At 5:10. C．At 10:15.
【答案】B
【原文】M: The train should arrive now. What’s the time by your watch
W: Let me see. It’s ten to five. We’ll have to wait another twenty minutes before it arrives. Just be patient.
3．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a restaurant. B．In a class. C．In a family.
【答案】A
【原文】M: I’m afraid you’ve made a mistake. I haven’t ordered this course.
W: So sorry, I must have confused the orders. I’ll bring you a hot one right away and this course is for you without extra money.
4．Why does the woman congratulate the man
A．He’s getting married. B．He becomes a doctor. C．He’s just become a father.
【答案】C
【原文】M: How’s my wife
W: Congratulations! Your wife gave birth to a beautiful baby girl.
M: Thank God! Doctor, can I see my wife now
W: Sure. She’s a bit tired and stressed. But don’t worry, she is in good hands.
5．How does the man find the advice from the woman
A．Ridiculous. B．Helpful. C．Funny.
【答案】A
【原文】M: The loud noise is killing me.
W: Oh, we have no choice but to put up with it; the house next door is being decorated. Maybe you can work on your design in the evening.
M: Are you joking It is due tomorrow.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What will the woman do this Sunday
A．Review her lessons. B．Take a math exam. C．Tend to her cousins.
7．Who is expert at making pizzas
A．Alice. B．Peter. C．Mike.
【答案】6．A 7．B
【原文】M: Hi, Alice, I’m going to hold a party this Sunday. Would you like to come
W: Oh, I’d love to, but I have to study to prepare for a math exam on Monday. Thank you for inviting me. Who else will go to the party
M: Well, a number of people haven’t replied yet. But Peter and Mike are going to help out with the cooking.
W: Hey, I know Peter is skilled at making pizzas.
M: That sounds delicious! My Italian cousins are going to be there. I’m sure they will love it.
W: Really Hope you all have a good time!
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8．What did Sarah do almost every day during her trip
A．She played the piano. B．She went swimming. C．She did her homework.
9．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Schoolmates. B．Guide and tourist. C．Teacher and student.
【答案】8．B 9．A
【原文】M: Hey Sarah, welcome back! How was the trip
W: Fantastic. I got a high score in my piano exam. My mom was so proud that she let me have any souvenir I wanted.
M Cool, what did you get
W: I wanted something to remind me of all the breathtaking landscapes, so I got this glass bottle filled with sand from the different beaches we visited.
M: Wow, it’s so pretty. I hear the beaches there are fantastic. Did you do a lot of swimming
W: Absolutely. The water was so clean and clear. I went for a swim almost every day.
M: That’s so cool. I’m totally jealous. It rained here pretty much while you were gone.
W: At least you don’t have to catch up on homework like me.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
10．What do we know about the weather last week
A．It was dry. B．It was stormy. C．It was cold.
11．What does the speaker suggest doing
A．Driving slowly. B．Avoiding going out. C．Preparing enough food.
12．What can people expect next month
A．Heavy rainfall. B．Extreme cold. C．Strong winds.
13．Who is probably Dan
A．A weatherman. B．A sports journalist. C．A finance news host.
【答案】10．A 11．C 12．B 13．C
【原文】Good evening. This is Alan Rickman here with this week’s weather report. After a week of dry weather, there’s a huge storm coming from the west. We are expecting heavy snowfall and strong winds tomorrow morning. The temperatures might drop sharply with a low of minus ten degrees Celsius. I won’t be surprised if schools get closed. So be careful when going outside. If you have to go out, dress warmly and don’t stay outside for too long. Road conditions might be poor, so avoid driving if you can. You should store enough food and other necessary items quickly, just in case you’ll have to stay at home for a couple of days once the storm hits. On Wednesday, the temperature varies from minus five degrees Celsius to minus eight. It seems that the storm will leave on the weekend with light snow expected. Next month the dry weather will come back, but it won’t bring back the warmth we enjoyed last week, but the severe cold instead. Sorry for all the bad news to those who enjoy outdoor sports. And that’s your weather report. Have a great evening! Now, back to Dan with tonight’s business news.
听下面一段长材料，回答以下小题。
14．What is this competition about
A．Saving energy at home. B．Reducing noise pollution. C．Using technology creatively.
15．What is the stone used for
A．Starting the machine. B．Increasing air pressure. C．Producing carbon dioxide.
16．Why does the woman come to the man
A．To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B．To find the right material for a model.
C．To study the approach to detailed drawings.
【答案】14．C 15．A 16．B
【原文】W: Hello, Professor. Could you help me with my entry for the Design Competition
M: OK. Are there any requirements For example, saving energy or producing no noise
W: Actually that was the focus in former competitions. We have to adopt a creative approach to existing technology this year.
M: I see. What is your design
W: A dishwasher. Here is my drawing.
M: There’s a stone at the bottom. Is that for decoration
W: No. Instead of pushing a button to start, you turn the stone.
M: Good, but what makes your design creative
W: My idea is to give pressure to the carbon dioxide so that it becomes a liquid. The liquid is used to clean the dishes.
M: A brilliant idea!
W: Thank you. I have to give a presentation about the design. I’ve got detailed drawings and a 500-word paper on it, but I am not sure what material is suitable for a model of the machine.
M: I see.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What can Devil do
A．Play music. B．Carry luggage. C．Remove blocks.
18．Which aspect of Devil is particularly mentioned for improvement
A．Its steadiness. B．Its power. C．Its structure.
19．Why did Lin upload his video
A．To kill time. B．To record his life. C．To influence more youth.
20．When did Lin realize his inventions could benefit others
A．In 2018. B．In 2019. C．In 2021.
【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】 When Bilibili uploader Lin Xiao had too many bags to carry, he built a robot to address the problem. The robot’s name Devil!
The name comes from the background music Devil’s Swing. It looks like a suitcase, which can follow Lin everywhere and avoid blocks in its path. Besides carrying bags, it can be used for transport and even charge phones.
The robot has a steel structure and a 3D-printed plastic shell. The brain of the robot is powered by an electronics platform. Although it took eight months to make, Lin admits Devil is not good enough, particularly in its physical stability. Lin presented it in the video just to inspire more young people with the imagination and passion to create.
Lin’s passion for robotics began in his first year at high school in 2018, when a teacher discovered his talent for computers and advanced his skills. One year later, he developed a smart home system, which made him understand how his products could help others. As a university freshman now, Lin believes he and his products will make a difference in the future.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.
Her Trees Save Lives
Adeline Tiffanie Suwana was 12 when her family’s home flooded. Indonesia, her island nation, is often hit hard by floods and other natural disasters.
Adeline learned that mangrove trees play a key role in flood protection and rallied classmates to plant 200 trees during a school break. They started a group called Sahabat Alam or Friends of Nature, which works to conserve the region’s biodiversity and combat climate change.
Today. Adeline attends university, studying how businesses can help the environment.
Teens’ Two-Fold Invention
EPS—expanded polystyrene foam—is the white, lightweight stuff used to make things like takeout food containers, foam egg cartons, and packing “peanuts”. But it takes up a lot of space and is difficult to recycle. EPS breaks into small pieces as it floats down waterways into oceans, harming wildlife along the way.
Eighth-graders Julia Bray, Luke Clay, and Ashton Cofer looked at EPS’s chemical makeup and saw that it was mostly carbon. That sparked an idea. Could they turn it into activated carbon, a material that filters toxins from water
After 50 hours of experiments, including one that accidentally set the family grill fire, they succeeded!
Solar for Her School
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in seventh grade, she learned about plans to expand and modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to the project. The board liked the idea but said it could contribute just $25,000, one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and adults who set to work raising the rest.
They asked for donations, even going door-to-door for them. And they appealed to charitable foundations too. One even donated half the cost!
After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now supply one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs.
21．What do the three groups of teenagers have in common
A．They are Earth-helping heroes. B．They are from island countries.
C．They are high school students. D．They are keen on experiments.
22．How much did one of the charitable organizations donate for solar panels
A．$25,000. B．$50,000. C．$62,500. D．$125,000.
23．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To give models for colorful school activities.
B．To explore the ways to deal with plastic pollution.
C．To inspire people to act for environmental problems.
D．To display the amazing power of effective cooperation.
【答案】21．A 22．C 23．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。
21．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以本文中的青少年都是保护地球的英雄们。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。由文章Solar for Her School中“Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to the project. The board liked the idea but said it could contribute just $25,000, one-fifth of the cost. (克莱尔要求学校董事会为该项目增加太阳能电池板。董事会喜欢这个想法，但表示只能出资25000美元，即成本的五分之一。)”以及“They asked for donations, even going door-to-door for them. And they appealed to charitable foundations too. One even donated half the cost!(他们要求捐款，甚至挨家挨户地为他们募捐。他们也呼吁慈善基金会。其中一个慈善基金会甚至捐出了一半的费用！)”可知，总共费用需要25,000*5=125,000，其中一半是65,000。故选C项。
23．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以这篇文章举例展示有效合作的惊人力量。故选C项。
B
Parents often think that their kids should be good at studies and do well in sports. That’s usually the case because parents feel that could get their children admission to top colleges. However, Melissa and Mark Wimmer think differently.
Their 14-year-old son, Mike, is a prodigy. He is a member of Mensa, which is the world’s top IQ club. He completed his high school, associate’s and bachelor’s degrees all in three years. That’s not all. He also ran two tech companies, founded a third one that works towards controlling the population of lionfish, an invasive (入侵的) species.
But the parents are proud that they were able to help Mike with his social skills along with his intellectual skills. Melissa told CNBC that people expected “Young Sheldon” before they met her son. Young Sheldon is a television show about a child talent who is an indoor man and lacks social skills. “But once they talk to Mike, they understand that he’s just a normal 14-year-old that happens to be able to do amazing things,” said Melissa.
Mark and Melissa got to know about their child’s intelligence when he entered preschool. A child psychologist told them that their son would need a different course to support his fast-track development. Many parents aren’t comfortable with putting their children with 18-year-olds, but Mike’s parents saw the value in letting their child go through it. “I wanted him to be social and be able to deal with all the different personalities in the classrooms with older children,” said Melissa.
The parents shared that they were able to do this by letting Mike find his own voice and put it to use. “We let him order food when he’s 3 or 4 from the waiter or waitress and introduce himself to people. Those kinds of things are done to encourage him to engage with everyone else and be more comfortable talking to others outside of our environment,” said Melissa.
Thanks to his parents, Mike has learned to get along with young and old alike.
24．What do the underlined words “a prodigy” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．A gifted person. B．A famous student.
C．A brilliant biologist. D．A successful businessman.
25．What can we infer about the child in the show Young Sheldon
A．He likes to make friends. B．He is a well-rounded man.
C．He is a popular child actor. D．He is poor at dealing with people.
26．How did Mark and Melissa discover Mike’s high intelligence
A．Through a recommendation from a child psychologist.
B．Through observing Mike’s behavior in preschool.
C．Through participating in a special educational program.
D．Through the information provided by Mike’s school teachers.
27．What do Mike’s parents do to improve his social skills
A．Teach him some communication rules. B．Encourage him to speak in class.
C．Place him in social situations. D．Let him go to school alone.
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．A 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天才少年Mike的父母在助力儿子发展智力的同时，鼓励并帮助他发展社交技能的故事。
24．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“He is a member of Mensa, which is the world’s top IQ club. He completed his high school, associate’s and bachelor’s degrees all in three years. (他是全球顶尖的智商俱乐部门萨的成员。他在三年内完成了高中、副学士和学士学位)”可知，Mike的智商非常高，学习能力非常强，能迅速完成学业。由此可知，他应该是一个天才，a prodigy意思应该是“极具天赋的人”。故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Young Sheldon is a television show about a child talent who is an indoor man and lacks social skills. (《小谢尔顿》是一部关于一个天才少年的电视节目，他是一个宅在家里的男孩，缺乏社交能力)”可知，《小谢尔顿》这部剧中的天才少年宅在家里，缺乏社交能力。由此可知，他不善于与人打交道。故选D项。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Mark and Melissa got to know about their child’s intelligence when he entered preschool. A child psychologist told them that their son would need a different course to support his fast-track development. (Mark和Melissa在孩子上幼儿园的时候就开始了解他的智商了。一位儿童心理学家告诉他们，他们的儿子需要一个不同的处理方式来支持他的快速发展)”可知，通过一位儿童心理学家的建议，Mark和Melissa发现了Mike的高智商。故选A项。
27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Melissa所说的话“We let him order food when he’s 3 or 4 from the waiter or waitress and introduce himself to people. Those kinds of things are done to encourage him to engage with everyone else and be more comfortable talking to others outside of our environment (当他三四岁的时候，我们让他从服务员那里点餐，并向人们介绍自己。做这些事情是为了鼓励他和其他人交流，让他更愿意和我们环境之外的人交流)”可知，Mike的父母让他置身社交场合中，鼓励他和其他人交流，从而提高他的社交技能。故选C项。
C
Tonal languages use pitch (音调) to distinguish words that otherwise might sound the same. In Mandarin, for instance, m means horse whereas m means mother. Nontonal languages like Spanish sometimes include pitch changes to suggest emotion, for example, but not to change a word’s meaning.
As a Mandarin speaker and musician, Jingxuan Liu wondered about the crossover (融合) between language and music. While studying at Duke University, Liu helped analyze the musical abilities of nearly half a million people from 203 countries. Her colleagues had launched an online game in which participants completed several musical tasks, including identifying matching melodies at different pitches and finding beat tracks that fit songs’ rhythms.
On average, native speakers of the 19 represented tonal languages were better at the melody task compared with speakers of 29 nontonal languages. And the effect wasn’t small a tonal first language strengthened melodic understanding by about half the amount that music lessons did, which was also surveyed. But tonal languages speakers tended to be worse at the rhythm task.
Humans must be choosy about what they pay attention to. Pitch patterns are quite important in tonal languages, which might explain the balancing act in music. “You’ve got a finite resource of attention, and you’ve got to divide up that somehow,” says study coauthor Courtney Hilton, a scientist at the University of Auckland in New Zealand.
Prior research on language and music often compared just two tongues, usually English and Mandarin. But other cultural influences, such as Eastern and Western music styles, could have affected results. By examining a wide range of people, the new study included languages never estimated in this way and reached more generalizable conclusion.
“Our result here is showing that the language someone speaks which is an important part of culture — also shapes cognition,” Hilton says.
28．Why did Liu’s colleagues launch the online game
A．To attract more students to do the research.
B．To learn about different people’s musical abilities.
C．To confirm the role of music in people’s language learning.
D．To find the difference between tonal languages and nontonal ones.
29．What were native speakers of tonal languages better at than those of nontonal languages
A．Finding beat tracks. B．Suggesting emotion.
C．Distinguishing word meanings. D．Figuring out matching melodies.
30．What does the underlined word “finite” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Valued. B．Limited. C．Special. D．Potential.
31．Which of the following words can best describe Liu’s study
A．Ground-breaking. B．Brain-washing. C．Inefficient. D．Unreliable.
【答案】28．B 29．D 30．B 31．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了一项新的研究发现，声调语言的人比非声调语言的人在音乐旋律任务上表现得更好，在节奏任务中表现更差。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“As a Mandarin speaker and musician, Jingxuan Liu wondered about the crossover (融合) between language and music. While studying at Duke University, Liu helped analyze the musical abilities of nearly half a million people from 203 countries. Her colleagues had launched an online game in which participants completed several musical tasks, including identifying matching melodies at different pitches and finding beat tracks that fit songs’ rhythms.(作为一名讲普通话的音乐家，刘静轩对语言和音乐之间的交叉感到好奇。在杜克大学学习期间，刘帮助分析了来自203个国家的近50万人的音乐能力。她的同事们推出了一个在线游戏，参与者要完成几个音乐任务，包括识别不同音高的匹配旋律，找到适合歌曲节奏的节拍)”可知，刘的同事们为推出这款网络游戏是为了了解不同的人的音乐能力。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段中“On average, native speakers of the 19 represented tonal languages were better at the melody task compared with speakers of 29 nontonal languages. And the effect wasn’t small a tonal first language strengthened melodic understanding by about half the amount that music lessons did, which was also surveyed.(平均而言，19种声调语言的母语人士比29种非声调语言的母语人士在旋律任务上表现得更好。而且效果并不小，一门有音调的第一语言对旋律理解的增强效果大约是音乐课的一半，这也是调查的结果)”可知，母语为声调语言的人比母语为非声调语言的人更擅长找出匹配的旋律。故选D项。
30．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Humans must be choosy about what they pay attention to. Pitch patterns are quite important in tonal languages, which might explain the balancing act in music.(人类必须对自己关注的东西有所选择。音高模式在声调语言中非常重要，这也许可以解释音乐中的平衡行为)”说明，人类必须对他们所关注的东西有选择性，从而推知划线词句“You’ve got a finite resource of attention, and you’ve got to divide up that somehow(你的注意力资源是finite，你必须以某种方式分配它)”其中划线词应为“有限的”的意思，与B项Limited“有限的”同义。故选B项。
31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Prior research on language and music often compared just two tongues, usually English and Mandarin. But other cultural influences, such as Eastern and Western music styles, could have affected results. By examining a wide range of people, the new study included languages never estimated in this way and reached more generalizable conclusion.(之前关于语言和音乐的研究通常只比较两种语言，通常是英语和普通话。但其他文化影响，如东西方音乐风格，可能会影响结果。通过对大范围人群的调查，这项新研究包括了从未以这种方式估计过的语言，并得出了更普遍的结论)”可推知，刘的研究是开创性的。故选A项。
D
Professors at the University of California San Diego have developed microrobots, which can be a potential treatment for life-threatening cases of bacterial pneumonia, a serious disease affecting lungs and making breathing difficult. In mice, the microrobots safely removed pneumonia-causing bacteria in the lungs and resulted in 100% survival while untreated mice all died within three days after infection.
The microrobots are made of algae (藻类) cells whose surfaces are covered with substances that are filled with antibiotics (抗生素). The algae provides movement, which allows the microrobots to swim around and make antibiotics go directly to more bacteria in the lungs, helping absorb bacteria and clear them of infected cells. This give the microrobots the ability to reduce bacterial infection, which in turn makes them more effective at fighting lung infection.
The work is a joint effort by engineering professors Joseph and Zhang Liangfang. Together, they have pioneered the development of tiny drug-delivering robots that can be safely used in live animals to treat bacterial infections in the stomach and blood. Treating bacterial lung infection is the latest in their line of work.
“In the traditional treatment, sometimes only a very small number of antibiotics will get into the lungs. That’s why many current antibiotic treatments for pneumonia don’t work as well as needed,” said Victor Nizet, a co-worker of Joseph and Zhang “Based on these mouse data, we see that the microrobots could potentially improve the use of antibiotics to kill bacteria and save more patients’ lives.”
The work is still at the proof-of-concept stage. The team plans to do more basic research to understand exactly how the microrobots interact with the immune system (免疫系统). Next steps also include studies to confirm the effectiveness of the microrobot treatment before testing it in larger animals and eventually, in humans. “We’re pushing the boundary further in the field of targeted drug delivery,” said Zhang.
32．How do microrobots work
A．By doing targeted drug delivery.
B．By interacting with antibiotic-filled matter.
C．By producing algae cells in lungs.
D．By separating harmful cells from healthy ones.
33．What is Victor Nizet’s attitude towards the invention
A．Doubtful. B．Subjective. C．Cautious. D．Favorable.
34．What does the team expect of the microrobots
A．They’ll inspire a new line of research.
B．They’ll help strengthen the immune system.
C．They’ll have a wider range of application.
D．They’ll be a further proof of their concept.
35．What is the text mainly about
A．A scientific invention treating deadly cancers.
B．Tiny swimming robots helping treat pneumonia.
C．A major breakthrough made in antibiotic research.
D．Microrobots employed in the engineering field.
【答案】32．A 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种由藻类细胞制成的微型机器人，这种机器人可以在肺中四处游动并直接向细菌输送抗生素，从而达到消除肺部感染的目的。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段“The microrobots are made of algae (藻类) cells whose surfaces are covered with substances that are filled with antibiotics (抗生素). The algae provides movement, which allows the microrobots to swim around and make antibiotics go directly to more bacteria in the lungs, helping absorb bacteria and clear them of infected cells. (微型机器人是由藻类细胞制成的，藻类细胞的表面覆盖着充满抗生素的物质。藻类提供运动，使微型机器人可以四处游动，使抗生素直接作用于肺部的更多细菌，帮助吸收细菌并清除受感染的细胞。)”以及最后一段““We’re pushing the boundary further in the field of targeted drug delivery,” said Zhang.”（“我们正在进一步推动靶向药物递送领域的边界，”张说。）可知，微型机器人可以把抗生素直接输送到细菌那里，也就是说微型机器人是通过靶向给药的方式来起作用的。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段““In the traditional treatment, sometimes only a very small number of antibiotics will get into the lungs. That’s why many current antibiotic treatments for pneumonia don’t work as well as needed,” said Victor Nizet, a co-worker of Joseph and Zhang “Based on these mouse data, we see that the microrobots could potentially improve the use of antibiotics to kill bacteria and save more patients’ lives.”(“在传统治疗中，有时只有非常少量的抗生素会进入肺部。这就是为什么目前许多抗生素治疗肺炎的效果不如预期，”约瑟夫和张的同事维克多·尼泽特说，“基于这些小鼠身上的数据，我们看到微型机器人有可能改善抗生素的使用，杀死细菌，挽救更多病人的生命。”)”可推断，他对微型机器人持肯定的态度。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The work is still at the proof-of-concept stage. The team plans to do more basic research to understand exactly how the microrobots interact with the immune system (免疫系统). Next steps also include studies to confirm the effectiveness of the microrobot treatment before testing it in larger animals and eventually, in humans. “We’re pushing the boundary further in the field of targeted drug delivery,” said Zhang. (这项工作仍处于概念验证阶段。该团队计划进行更多的基础研究，以确切了解微型机器人如何与免疫系统相互作用。下一步的研究还包括确认微型机器人治疗的有效性，然后在更大的动物身上进行测试，最终在人类身上进行测试。“我们正在进一步推动靶向药物递送领域的边界，”张说。)”可知，该团队希望微型机器人能有更广泛的用途。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Professors at the University of California San Diego have developed microrobots, which can be a potential treatment for life-threatening cases of bacterial pneumonia, a serious disease affecting lungs and making breathing difficult. (加州大学圣地亚哥分校的教授们开发出了微型机器人，它们可能成为威胁生命的细菌性肺炎病例的潜在治疗方法。细菌性肺炎是一种影响肺部并使呼吸困难的严重疾病。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种由藻类细胞制成的微型机器人，这种机器人可以在肺中四处游动并直接把抗生素输送至细菌那里，从而达到消除肺部感染的目的，它可能会成为威胁生命的细菌性肺炎的潜在治疗方法。故选B。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Go on a 15-minute Tour
Didn’t someone say that life is about the journey, not the destination 36 when you are focused only on getting to the next meeting, starting your next class period, or hurrying to send an email, you’re missing all of the people between Points A and B．
To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. 37 Also, some of the smaller yet critical social clues that exist right under your nose will be concentrated on again.
38 Things to look for include the look and feel of people’s work spaces, the timing of when different people move around the office, and which people seek interaction versus those who stay at their desks all day.
After your first observation tour, select a different day to tour your workspace for moods. Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. 39 Focus on what you see, hear, and pick up on in other people.
Schedule 15 minutes to tour your workplace twice a week for a month and be sure to avoid making too many assumptions or conclusions — just simply observe. 40
A．You’ll be amazed at what you see along the way.
B．Spare a little time to closely monitor each person’s progress.
C．Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.
D．During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things.
E．You generally love the breathtaking landscape and people’s performances.
F．Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.
G．To become socially aware, remember to enjoy the journey and notice people along the way.
【答案】36．G 37．F 38．D 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个关于社交意识的建议，即在工作时间中抽出15分钟的时间，对自己所处的工作场所进行观察和考察，以便更好地了解周围人的情况、情绪和活动，并且享受旅程中的乐趣。文章同时也强调了观察过程中不要过于臆断或武断，而是保持客观的态度进行观察。
36．根据后文“when you are focused only on getting to the next meeting, starting your next class period, or hurrying to send an email, you’re missing all of the people between Points A and B.(当你只想着参加下一个会议，开始下一节课，或者赶着发邮件时，你就会错过A点和B点之间的所有人)”可知，此处强调在人生的旅途中，如果只想着参加下一个会议，开始下一节课，或者赶着发邮件，你会错过很多东西。前文应该指出要避免这样的行为应该怎样做。G选项“To become socially aware, remember to enjoy the journey and notice people along the way.(要有社会意识，记得享受旅程，注意沿途的人)”指出，避免错过人生旅途中的风景就要有社会意识，享受旅程，注意沿途的人，符合语境。故选G。
37．根据前文“To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. (为了在旅途中花点时间，花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境)”可知，此处强调在人生旅途中要花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境。后文应该指出这样做带来的好处。F选项“Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.(短暂的旅行将帮助你与他人和他们的情绪保持一致)”承接前文，指出花点时间在你工作的地方走走，注意一下周围的环境，将帮助你与他人和他们的情绪保持一致，符合语境。故选F。
38．根据后文“ Things to look for include the look and feel of people’s work spaces, the timing of when different people move around the office, and which people seek interaction versus those who stay at their desks all day.(需要注意的事项包括人们工作空间的外观和感觉，不同人在办公室走动的时间，以及哪些人寻求互动，而哪些人则整天坐在办公桌前)”可知，此处陈述的是拿出时间观看的具体事物。D选项“During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things.(在任何工作日，花15分钟观察被忽视的事情)”中的neglected things与后文中具体观察的事物形成呼应，即花15分钟观察被忽视的事情——人们工作空间的外观和感觉，不同人在办公室走动的时间，以及哪些人寻求互动，而哪些人则整天坐在办公桌前。D选项符合语境。故选D。
39．根据前文“Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. (别人的情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索)”可知，此处强调观察别人情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索。C选项“Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.(当你顺道拜访时，注意一下别人的感受)”承接前文，构成因果关系即因为观察别人情绪可以为你提供事情进展的关键线索，所以当你顺道拜访时，注意一下别人的感受。故选C。
40．根据前文“Schedule 15 minutes to tour your workplace twice a week for a month and be sure to avoid making too many assumptions or conclusions — just simply observe.(在一个月的时间里，每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，确保不要做太多的假设或结论——只是简单地观察)”可知，此处强调在一个月的时间里，每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，后文应该提出这样做的结果和影响。A选项“You’ll be amazed at what you see along the way.(你会惊讶于你一路上所看到的)”承接前文，指出每周安排两次15分钟参观你的工作场所，则你会惊讶于你一路上所看到的，A选项符合语境。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper. “You can’t go there,” the innkeeper 41 me. “The viewing platform has been closed due to 42 that too many visitors could cause geological damage.”
Despite our disappointment, we 43 an alternative: a seven-hour hike through the “funnel forest”. Initially, we were 44 to run the risk. However, I had 45 the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.” Three of our group 46 decided to venture into the forest. The innkeeper responded with a knowing 47 : “Great. Bear Grylls went there.”
The next morning, we set off with a local 48 . Rain came and went three times, and before I actually 49 to climb over the first mountain, I had already got wet to the skin. I was a walking 50 of mud and water.
Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist, introducing the locally specific plants to us, but I was hardly in the 51 . Every step sank into the muddy, sucking ground. Every log or rock in front of us was a physical 52 . “One can never reach those places without strong willpower,” I murmured, reciting that millennium-old 53 , over and over again.
Sinkholes and entrances to underground rivers kept popping up along our 54 . Thinking of them leading to an unknown world, I began to 55 the road that I can control even more.
Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking.
41．A．answered B．told C．followed D．favored
42．A．news B．matters C．concerns D．conclusions
43．A．worked out B．took in C．set down D．ruled out
44．A．unwilling B．surprised C．calm D．inspired
45．A．forgotten B．promoted C．interpreted D．noticed
46．A．shortly B．lately C．eventually D．suddenly
47．A．taste B．tone C．smile D．sigh
48．A．botanist B．keeper C．farmer D．guide
49．A．managed B．decided C．planned D．agreed
50．A．visitor B．mixture C．log D．stranger
51．A．eagerness B．mood C．humor D．pity
52．A．contact B．energy C．activity D．challenge
53．A．prediction B．line C．deal D．secret
54．A．route B．landmark C．platform D．rock
55．A．guarantee B．ignore C．doubt D．appreciate
【答案】
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．B 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和同伴在“漏斗森林”探险的经历。在探险的路上，作者多次遇到下雨的糟糕天气，体力不支，心情低落。但当想到不断冒出的水坑和地下河流的入口在通往一个未知的世界时，他开始更加欣赏沿途令人叹为观止的风景 。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你不能去那儿，”旅店老板告诉我。A. answered回答；B. told告诉；C. followed跟随；D. favored喜爱。根据前文的“I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper. “You can’t go there,” the innkeeper”可知，作者让客栈老板看旅游地茂兰喀斯特岩溶锥的精美照片，客栈老板在告知作者不能去那儿。故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“由于担心游客过多会造成地质破坏，观景台已经关闭。”A. news新闻；B. matters事项；C. concerns担心；D. conclusions结论。根据空后的“that too many visitors could cause geological damage”可知，太多的游客可能造成地质破坏，此空应表示“担忧”。故选C项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管我们很失望，但我们还是想出了另一个办法：在“漏斗森林”中徒步7个小时。A. worked out算出；B. took in理解；C. set down放下；D. ruled out排除。根据前文的“Despite our disappointment”和后文“ an alternative: a seven-hour hike through the “funnel forest””可知，作者尽管失望，但是事情有所转机，此处应该是想出了可替代的旅游方案：穿越“漏斗森林”的七小时徒步旅行。故选A项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我们不愿意冒这个险。A. unwilling不情愿；B. surprised吃惊的；C. calm冷静的；D. inspired受到启发的。根据下文“to run the risk”和“However, I had 5 the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.””可知，作者的旅游团队最终决定去森林探险，由“However”一词可知，本空所在句子应为:“我们本不愿意去冒险”。故选A项。
45． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我注意到自然保护区的旅游格言:“如果你现在不做，你这辈子就不会做了。”A. forgotten忘记；B. promoted促进；C. interpreted说明；D. noticed注意到。根据前文的“the tourism motto in the nature reserve”可知，“我”注意到自然保护区的旅游格言。故选D项。
46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们三人最终决定冒险进入森林。A. shortly很快；B. lately最近；C. eventually最终；D. suddenly突然。根据上文“Initially, we were 4 to run the risk. However, I had 5 the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.””可知，一开始作者的旅游团队对探秘“漏斗森林”存在为难情绪，此空应指在“旅游箴言”的激励下，作者团队中的三个人终于做出了选择。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：客栈老板会心一笑:“太好了。贝尔·格里尔斯去了那里。”A. taste品尝；B. tone音调；C. smile微笑；D. sigh叹气。根据下文“Great. Bear Grylls went there.”可知，客栈老板赞同作者团队的选择，所以此处应指客栈老板会意一笑。故选C项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我们和一位当地导游出发了。A. botanist植物学家；B. keeper守门员；C. farmer农民；D. guide指导。根据下文“Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist”可知，本空指作者团队在当地向导的带领下出发了。故选D项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨下了三次，在我真正爬过第一座山之前，我已经浑身湿透了。A. managed管理；B. decided决定；C. planned计划；D. agreed同意。根据前文的“The next morning, we set off with a local 8”和下文“to climb over the first mountain”可知，上文提到作者已经出发旅行，所以此处指作者在成功爬过第一座山前就已经浑身湿透。故选A项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是泥和水的混合体。A. visitor访客；B. mixture混合物；C. log日志；D. stranger陌生人。根据前文的“Rain came and went three times, and before I actually 9 to climb over the first mountain, I had already got wet to the skin.”可知，作者在森林探险中遇上糟糕的天气，还没爬过一座山时就已经浑身湿透，再根据空后“mud and water”可知，作者浑身都是泥和水，成了水和泥的混合体。故选B项。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的导游50多岁，表现得像个植物学家，向我们介绍当地特有的植物，但我并没有兴致。A. eagerness急切；B. mood情绪；C. humor幽默；D. pity同情。根据前文“I was a walking 10 of mud and water.”和“Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist, introducing the locally specific plants to us, but I was hardly”可知，导游兴致勃勃，但作者因为坏天气带来的不便而感到心情低落。故选B项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们面前的每一块木头或岩石都是对身体的挑战。A. contact联系；B. energy能量；C. activity活动；D. challenge挑战。 根据空前“Every step sank into the muddy, sucking ground. Every log or rock in front of us was a physica”可知，作者每走一步都陷在泥泞的地面中，由此可看出要跨越木头或岩石更是一种体力挑战。故选D项。
53． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喃喃地说，一遍又一遍地背诵着这句上千年的老话。A. prediction预测；B. line话，言语；C. deal交易；D. secret秘密。根据空前“One can never reach those places without strong willpower”可知，作者一遍又一遍用千年古语来鼓励自己继续探秘。故选B项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：天坑和地下河流的入口不断在我们的路线上出现。A. route路线；B. landmark地标；C. platform平台；D. rock岩石。根据前文的“The next morning, we set off with a local 8 ”可知，作者在向导的引领下探秘“漏斗森林”，因此他们会沿着一定的路线前行，因此本空所在句子应指沿着他们的路线看到的景象。故选A项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到它们通向一个未知的世界，我开始更加珍惜这条我可以掌控的路。A. guarantee担保；B. ignore忽略；C. doubt怀疑；D. appreciate欣赏。根据下文“Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking.”可知，在一片混乱的绿色中漫步，没有任何明显的地标也是令人惊叹的，这是作者开始欣赏沿途的美景的感受。故选D项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With less people 56 (choose) to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a distant memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, devotes himself to 57 (keep) the art of sugar painting alive.
Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 58 mine closed down, Li turned 59 housing decoration, until he 60 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in.
Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 61 (he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make 62 (vary) sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with 63 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman normally paint animals and flowers on a stone board 64 the syrup (糖浆). When the sugar cools down, 65 appears is a piece of sugar art.
【答案】
56．choosing 57．keeping 58．the 59．to 60．was forced 61．himself 62．various 63．melted 64．with 65．what
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统工艺“糖画”，并介绍了一位糖画手工艺人是如何学习糖画艺术的。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越少的人选择制作糖画，这个中国传统的民间工艺在某种程度上可能已经成为遥远的记忆。句中涉及“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，people与choose为逻辑上的主动关系，即人发出选择的动作，故应用现在分词作宾语补足语，choose的现在分词为choosing。故填choosing。
57．考查非谓语。句意：然而，38岁的手工艺人李江忠却致力于保持糖画艺术的生命力。句中涉及固定短语“devote oneself to doing”，意为“致力于做某事”，keep的动词ing形式为keeping。故填keeping。
58．考查冠词。句意：矿井关闭后，李转而从事房屋装修工作，直到他因为手指受伤而被迫放弃。空格后mine意为“矿井”，特指上文提到的李在做矿工时工作过的矿井，故应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
59．考查固定短语。句意：矿井关闭后，李转而从事房屋装修工作，直到他因为手指受伤而被迫放弃。句中涉及固定短语“turn to…”，意为“转向，变成”，句中指李转而从事房屋装修工作。故填to。
60．考查时态和语态。句意：矿井关闭后，李转而从事房屋装修工作，直到他因为手指受伤而被迫放弃。句子讲述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，he与force之间为被动关系，即他被迫放弃，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，句式为“主语+was/were+动词过去分词+其他”，主语he与was连用，force的过去分词为forced。故填was forced。
61．考查代词。句意：由于村里没有糖画艺人，他通过互联网上大量的视频和信息自学。句中涉及固定短语“by oneself”，意为“独自，靠自己”，句子主语为he，he的反身代词为himself，句中指“自学”。故填himself。
62．考查形容词。句意：他很快就掌握了这门技艺，能画出各种各样的糖画。句中sugar paintings意为“糖画”，为名词短语，前面应用形容词修饰，vary意为“变化”，动词词性，对应的形容词为various，意为“各种各样的”。故填various。
63．考查非谓语动词。句意：糖画是用融化的红糖或白糖制成的。句中有谓语动词is made with且句中无连词，故应用melt的非谓语动词形式，sugar与melt之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即糖被融化，故应用melt的过去分词melted作定语修饰sugar。故填melted。
64．考查介词。句意：手工艺人通常用糖浆在石板上画动物和花。空格处表示“用”糖浆在石板上画动物和花，故应用介词with，意为“用，使用”，表示用某种工具或手段。故填with。
65．考查主语从句。句意：当糖冷却下来，出现的是一件糖制的艺术品。根据句意和句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句中缺主语，指物，没有选择范围，指出现在眼前的东西，故应用what引导主语从句。故填what。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66．假设你是校学生会主席李华，下周是你校的体育周。请你给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，介绍体育周的活动内容，并邀请他参加其中一项运动。内容包括：1．介绍体育周；2．发出邀请。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Aiming to enhance our awarenss of participating in sports, our school will hold “Sports Week”. I’m writing to inform you of some related details and extend a sincere invitation to you.
The event is scheduled to be held next week on the playground. During this event, you will be introduced various sports events ranging from ball games to traditional Chinese sports, such as martial arts, Tai Chi as well as rope skipping. Knowing that you are an enthusiast of sports, I would like to invite you to join in rope skipping to show your talent and learn more about this traditional Chinese sport.
Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，介绍学校体育周的活动内容，并邀请他参加其中一项运动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提高：enhance→boost/strengthen
举办：hold→host
各种各样的：various→a variety of
参加：join in→take part in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Aiming to enhance our awarenss of participating in sports, our school will hold “Sports Week”.
拓展句：Our school will hold “Sports Week”, which aims to enhance our awarenss of participating in sports.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Aiming to enhance our awarenss of participating in sports, our school will hold “Sports Week”. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Knowing that you are an enthusiast of sports, I would like to invite you to join in rope skipping to show your talent and learn more about this traditional Chinese sport. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ali and his younger sister, Zahra, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their moth- er was very sick and their father was struggling to finda job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for sever al months, the landlord was breathing down their necks.
One day, Ali took Zahra's shoes to a shoe re pairman to be fixed, but he lost them on the way home. It wasn’t until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali’s running shoes. Zahra's school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Ali. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Ali often arrived late and was warned by the school.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city.When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived. Ali had a strong start, but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right be hind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided(碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Filled with delight, Ali walked home quickly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead. Refusing to give up at this point, he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. He dashed across the finish line and won the fourth prize. Thinking he would let her sister down, Ali couldn’t help sobbing. Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule. Holding the shoes close to his chest during the award ceremony, Ali felt overjoyed and relieved as he eventually won the shoes for his sister.
Filled with delight, Ali walked home quickly. He could not wait to see his sister and share the good news. On his arrival, Ali found Zahra was waiting outside. Nervous and anxious, Zahra wondered whether her brother had brought her what she was expecting. “Zahra, see what I have got for you.” Ali said excitedly, taking the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands. The instant Zahra saw the shoes, her face lit up. So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali. “Thank you!Ali.” Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged tightly together.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主角是生在穷苦家庭的一对兄妹，有一天哥哥阿里拿着妹妹扎赫拉的鞋去修，却在回家路上把鞋弄丢了，为了不让父母生气俩人约定保守秘密：哥哥早上穿鞋去学校，中午跑回家把鞋换给妹妹。城里举办了长途赛跑，第三名奖品是一双新鞋，阿里决定为了妹妹去参加。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“阿里抬起头来，看见其他男孩都冲在前面。”可知，第一段可描写阿里在为妹妹赢得新鞋的信念支持下，咬着牙坚持下来，最终赢得第三名的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“满心欢喜，阿里快步走回家。”可知，第二段可描写阿里回到家后，和妹妹一起分享了赢得新鞋的喜悦。。
2.续写线索：看见其他男孩都冲在前面——想到妹妹咬牙坚持——赢得比赛拿到新鞋——回家见到妹妹——和妹妹分享喜悦
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拒绝：refusing/turning down/reject
②.违反：breaking/ violating/ going against
③.拥抱：hugged / embraced
情绪类
①.激动的：thrilled /excited
②.喜悦：joy /delight/pleasure
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Thinking he would let her sister down, Ali couldn’t help sobbing.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]. Nervous and anxious, Zahra wondered whether her brother had brought her what she was expecting .（运用了whether引导的宾语从句以及what引导的宾语从句）2024届高考英语仿真模拟卷05（新高考九省卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How does the man usually go to work
A．By car. B．By bike. C．By taxi.
2．When will the train arrive
A．At 4:50. B．At 5:10. C．At 10:15.
3．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a restaurant. B．In a class. C．In a family.
4．Why does the woman congratulate the man
A．He’s getting married. B．He becomes a doctor. C．He’s just become a father.
5．How does the man find the advice from the woman
A．Ridiculous. B．Helpful. C．Funny.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What will the woman do this Sunday
A．Review her lessons. B．Take a math exam. C．Tend to her cousins.
7．Who is expert at making pizzas
A．Alice. B．Peter. C．Mike.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8．What did Sarah do almost every day during her trip
A．She played the piano. B．She went swimming. C．She did her homework.
9．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Schoolmates. B．Guide and tourist. C．Teacher and student.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
10．What do we know about the weather last week
A．It was dry. B．It was stormy. C．It was cold.
11．What does the speaker suggest doing
A．Driving slowly. B．Avoiding going out. C．Preparing enough food.
12．What can people expect next month
A．Heavy rainfall. B．Extreme cold. C．Strong winds.
13．Who is probably Dan
A．A weatherman. B．A sports journalist. C．A finance news host.
听下面一段长材料，回答以下小题。
14．What is this competition about
A．Saving energy at home. B．Reducing noise pollution. C．Using technology creatively.
15．What is the stone used for
A．Starting the machine. B．Increasing air pressure. C．Producing carbon dioxide.
16．Why does the woman come to the man
A．To discuss the way of writing a paper.
B．To find the right material for a model.
C．To study the approach to detailed drawings.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What can Devil do
A．Play music. B．Carry luggage. C．Remove blocks.
18．Which aspect of Devil is particularly mentioned for improvement
A．Its steadiness. B．Its power. C．Its structure.
19．Why did Lin upload his video
A．To kill time. B．To record his life. C．To influence more youth.
20．When did Lin realize his inventions could benefit others
A．In 2018. B．In 2019. C．In 2021.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.
Her Trees Save Lives
Adeline Tiffanie Suwana was 12 when her family’s home flooded. Indonesia, her island nation, is often hit hard by floods and other natural disasters.
Adeline learned that mangrove trees play a key role in flood protection and rallied classmates to plant 200 trees during a school break. They started a group called Sahabat Alam or Friends of Nature, which works to conserve the region’s biodiversity and combat climate change.
Today. Adeline attends university, studying how businesses can help the environment.
Teens’ Two-Fold Invention
EPS—expanded polystyrene foam—is the white, lightweight stuff used to make things like takeout food containers, foam egg cartons, and packing “peanuts”. But it takes up a lot of space and is difficult to recycle. EPS breaks into small pieces as it floats down waterways into oceans, harming wildlife along the way.
Eighth-graders Julia Bray, Luke Clay, and Ashton Cofer looked at EPS’s chemical makeup and saw that it was mostly carbon. That sparked an idea. Could they turn it into activated carbon, a material that filters toxins from water
After 50 hours of experiments, including one that accidentally set the family grill fire, they succeeded!
Solar for Her School
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in seventh grade, she learned about plans to expand and modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to the project. The board liked the idea but said it could contribute just $25,000, one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and adults who set to work raising the rest.
They asked for donations, even going door-to-door for them. And they appealed to charitable foundations too. One even donated half the cost!
After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now supply one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs.
21．What do the three groups of teenagers have in common
A．They are Earth-helping heroes. B．They are from island countries.
C．They are high school students. D．They are keen on experiments.
22．How much did one of the charitable organizations donate for solar panels
A．$25,000. B．$50,000. C．$62,500. D．$125,000.
23．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To give models for colorful school activities.
B．To explore the ways to deal with plastic pollution.
C．To inspire people to act for environmental problems.
D．To display the amazing power of effective cooperation.
B
Parents often think that their kids should be good at studies and do well in sports. That’s usually the case because parents feel that could get their children admission to top colleges. However, Melissa and Mark Wimmer think differently.
Their 14-year-old son, Mike, is a prodigy. He is a member of Mensa, which is the world’s top IQ club. He completed his high school, associate’s and bachelor’s degrees all in three years. That’s not all. He also ran two tech companies, founded a third one that works towards controlling the population of lionfish, an invasive (入侵的) species.
But the parents are proud that they were able to help Mike with his social skills along with his intellectual skills. Melissa told CNBC that people expected “Young Sheldon” before they met her son. Young Sheldon is a television show about a child talent who is an indoor man and lacks social skills. “But once they talk to Mike, they understand that he’s just a normal 14-year-old that happens to be able to do amazing things,” said Melissa.
Mark and Melissa got to know about their child’s intelligence when he entered preschool. A child psychologist told them that their son would need a different course to support his fast-track development. Many parents aren’t comfortable with putting their children with 18-year-olds, but Mike’s parents saw the value in letting their child go through it. “I wanted him to be social and be able to deal with all the different personalities in the classrooms with older children,” said Melissa.
The parents shared that they were able to do this by letting Mike find his own voice and put it to use. “We let him order food when he’s 3 or 4 from the waiter or waitress and introduce himself to people. Those kinds of things are done to encourage him to engage with everyone else and be more comfortable talking to others outside of our environment,” said Melissa.
Thanks to his parents, Mike has learned to get along with young and old alike.
24．What do the underlined words “a prodigy” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．A gifted person. B．A famous student.
C．A brilliant biologist. D．A successful businessman.
25．What can we infer about the child in the show Young Sheldon
A．He likes to make friends. B．He is a well-rounded man.
C．He is a popular child actor. D．He is poor at dealing with people.
26．How did Mark and Melissa discover Mike’s high intelligence
A．Through a recommendation from a child psychologist.
B．Through observing Mike’s behavior in preschool.
C．Through participating in a special educational program.
D．Through the information provided by Mike’s school teachers.
27．What do Mike’s parents do to improve his social skills
A．Teach him some communication rules. B．Encourage him to speak in class.
C．Place him in social situations. D．Let him go to school alone.
C
Tonal languages use pitch (音调) to distinguish words that otherwise might sound the same. In Mandarin, for instance, m means horse whereas m means mother. Nontonal languages like Spanish sometimes include pitch changes to suggest emotion, for example, but not to change a word’s meaning.
As a Mandarin speaker and musician, Jingxuan Liu wondered about the crossover (融合) between language and music. While studying at Duke University, Liu helped analyze the musical abilities of nearly half a million people from 203 countries. Her colleagues had launched an online game in which participants completed several musical tasks, including identifying matching melodies at different pitches and finding beat tracks that fit songs’ rhythms.
On average, native speakers of the 19 represented tonal languages were better at the melody task compared with speakers of 29 nontonal languages. And the effect wasn’t small a tonal first language strengthened melodic understanding by about half the amount that music lessons did, which was also surveyed. But tonal languages speakers tended to be worse at the rhythm task.
Humans must be choosy about what they pay attention to. Pitch patterns are quite important in tonal languages, which might explain the balancing act in music. “You’ve got a finite resource of attention, and you’ve got to divide up that somehow,” says study coauthor Courtney Hilton, a scientist at the University of Auckland in New Zealand.
Prior research on language and music often compared just two tongues, usually English and Mandarin. But other cultural influences, such as Eastern and Western music styles, could have affected results. By examining a wide range of people, the new study included languages never estimated in this way and reached more generalizable conclusion.
“Our result here is showing that the language someone speaks which is an important part of culture — also shapes cognition,” Hilton says.
28．Why did Liu’s colleagues launch the online game
A．To attract more students to do the research.
B．To learn about different people’s musical abilities.
C．To confirm the role of music in people’s language learning.
D．To find the difference between tonal languages and nontonal ones.
29．What were native speakers of tonal languages better at than those of nontonal languages
A．Finding beat tracks. B．Suggesting emotion.
C．Distinguishing word meanings. D．Figuring out matching melodies.
30．What does the underlined word “finite” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Valued. B．Limited. C．Special. D．Potential.
31．Which of the following words can best describe Liu’s study
A．Ground-breaking. B．Brain-washing. C．Inefficient. D．Unreliable.
D
Professors at the University of California San Diego have developed microrobots, which can be a potential treatment for life-threatening cases of bacterial pneumonia, a serious disease affecting lungs and making breathing difficult. In mice, the microrobots safely removed pneumonia-causing bacteria in the lungs and resulted in 100% survival while untreated mice all died within three days after infection.
The microrobots are made of algae (藻类) cells whose surfaces are covered with substances that are filled with antibiotics (抗生素). The algae provides movement, which allows the microrobots to swim around and make antibiotics go directly to more bacteria in the lungs, helping absorb bacteria and clear them of infected cells. This give the microrobots the ability to reduce bacterial infection, which in turn makes them more effective at fighting lung infection.
The work is a joint effort by engineering professors Joseph and Zhang Liangfang. Together, they have pioneered the development of tiny drug-delivering robots that can be safely used in live animals to treat bacterial infections in the stomach and blood. Treating bacterial lung infection is the latest in their line of work.
“In the traditional treatment, sometimes only a very small number of antibiotics will get into the lungs. That’s why many current antibiotic treatments for pneumonia don’t work as well as needed,” said Victor Nizet, a co-worker of Joseph and Zhang “Based on these mouse data, we see that the microrobots could potentially improve the use of antibiotics to kill bacteria and save more patients’ lives.”
The work is still at the proof-of-concept stage. The team plans to do more basic research to understand exactly how the microrobots interact with the immune system (免疫系统). Next steps also include studies to confirm the effectiveness of the microrobot treatment before testing it in larger animals and eventually, in humans. “We’re pushing the boundary further in the field of targeted drug delivery,” said Zhang.
32．How do microrobots work
A．By doing targeted drug delivery.
B．By interacting with antibiotic-filled matter.
C．By producing algae cells in lungs.
D．By separating harmful cells from healthy ones.
33．What is Victor Nizet’s attitude towards the invention
A．Doubtful. B．Subjective. C．Cautious. D．Favorable.
34．What does the team expect of the microrobots
A．They’ll inspire a new line of research.
B．They’ll help strengthen the immune system.
C．They’ll have a wider range of application.
D．They’ll be a further proof of their concept.
35．What is the text mainly about
A．A scientific invention treating deadly cancers.
B．Tiny swimming robots helping treat pneumonia.
C．A major breakthrough made in antibiotic research.
D．Microrobots employed in the engineering field.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Go on a 15-minute Tour
Didn’t someone say that life is about the journey, not the destination 36 when you are focused only on getting to the next meeting, starting your next class period, or hurrying to send an email, you’re missing all of the people between Points A and B．
To commit some time to the journey, take some time to walk around where you work and notice your surroundings. 37 Also, some of the smaller yet critical social clues that exist right under your nose will be concentrated on again.
38 Things to look for include the look and feel of people’s work spaces, the timing of when different people move around the office, and which people seek interaction versus those who stay at their desks all day.
After your first observation tour, select a different day to tour your workspace for moods. Other people’s moods can provide you with critical clues about how things are going. 39 Focus on what you see, hear, and pick up on in other people.
Schedule 15 minutes to tour your workplace twice a week for a month and be sure to avoid making too many assumptions or conclusions — just simply observe. 40
A．You’ll be amazed at what you see along the way.
B．Spare a little time to closely monitor each person’s progress.
C．Notice what people may be feeling when you drop by to talk briefly.
D．During any workday, take just 15 minutes to observe neglected things.
E．You generally love the breathtaking landscape and people’s performances.
F．Going on a short tour will help you get in tune with other people and their emotions.
G．To become socially aware, remember to enjoy the journey and notice people along the way.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper. “You can’t go there,” the innkeeper 41 me. “The viewing platform has been closed due to 42 that too many visitors could cause geological damage.”
Despite our disappointment, we 43 an alternative: a seven-hour hike through the “funnel forest”. Initially, we were 44 to run the risk. However, I had 45 the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.” Three of our group 46 decided to venture into the forest. The innkeeper responded with a knowing 47 : “Great. Bear Grylls went there.”
The next morning, we set off with a local 48 . Rain came and went three times, and before I actually 49 to climb over the first mountain, I had already got wet to the skin. I was a walking 50 of mud and water.
Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist, introducing the locally specific plants to us, but I was hardly in the 51 . Every step sank into the muddy, sucking ground. Every log or rock in front of us was a physical 52 . “One can never reach those places without strong willpower,” I murmured, reciting that millennium-old 53 , over and over again.
Sinkholes and entrances to underground rivers kept popping up along our 54 . Thinking of them leading to an unknown world, I began to 55 the road that I can control even more.
Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking.
41．A．answered B．told C．followed D．favored
42．A．news B．matters C．concerns D．conclusions
43．A．worked out B．took in C．set down D．ruled out
44．A．unwilling B．surprised C．calm D．inspired
45．A．forgotten B．promoted C．interpreted D．noticed
46．A．shortly B．lately C．eventually D．suddenly
47．A．taste B．tone C．smile D．sigh
48．A．botanist B．keeper C．farmer D．guide
49．A．managed B．decided C．planned D．agreed
50．A．visitor B．mixture C．log D．stranger
51．A．eagerness B．mood C．humor D．pity
52．A．contact B．energy C．activity D．challenge
53．A．prediction B．line C．deal D．secret
54．A．route B．landmark C．platform D．rock
55．A．guarantee B．ignore C．doubt D．appreciate
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With less people 56 (choose) to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a distant memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, devotes himself to 57 (keep) the art of sugar painting alive.
Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 58 mine closed down, Li turned 59 housing decoration, until he 60 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in.
Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 61 (he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make 62 (vary) sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with 63 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman normally paint animals and flowers on a stone board 64 the syrup (糖浆). When the sugar cools down, 65 appears is a piece of sugar art.
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
66．假设你是校学生会主席李华，下周是你校的体育周。请你给交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，介绍体育周的活动内容，并邀请他参加其中一项运动。内容包括：1．介绍体育周；2．发出邀请。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
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Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ali and his younger sister, Zahra, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their moth- er was very sick and their father was struggling to finda job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for sever al months, the landlord was breathing down their necks.
One day, Ali took Zahra's shoes to a shoe re pairman to be fixed, but he lost them on the way home. It wasn’t until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali’s running shoes. Zahra's school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Ali. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Ali often arrived late and was warned by the school.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city.When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived. Ali had a strong start, but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right be hind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided(碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead.
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Filled with delight, Ali walked home quickly.
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