2024年中考英语必考题型：阅读理解之说明文（福建专用）（含解析）

2024年中考英语必考题型：阅读理解之说明文（福建专用）
（2024·福建莆田·二模）
Five universities in Australia have partnered with 38 other organizations, including NASA, to develop ideas for how to feed astronauts in space. Over the next 20 years, NASA is planning to send humans to the Moon and Mars. It wants to set up a long-lasting base on the Moon, which would mean having to keep astronauts happy and healthy with nutritious (营养的) meals for long periods.
For now, most space food is pre-made like ready meals. Scientists want astronauts to be able to grow fresh food in space, so they can replace their food and have a healthier diet. It could also stop astronauts from getting bored with their diet.
A team at Melbourne University is using robots to grow food. These “farmbots” can plant seeds, keep the plants watered as they grow and harvest them when they are ready to eat. The farmbots can also measure things like temperature and growth. The farmbots have “E-noses”, which can detect the smells given off by the plants. Used with sensors (传感器) in the soil, the technology can work out what the plants need. So far, leafy greens have been the easiest to grow.
The team have also been testing the effect the foods might have on humans in space, by putting people in reclining (倾斜) chairs. This tricks the body into feeling it is experiencing the “weightless” condition that people get in space, As they eat in this position, people’s physical and emotional (情绪的) responses are recorded.
The scientists want to make the plant-growing process automatic (自动的) on space missions. Professor Sigfredo Fuentes told that it would be like having “a smart fridge in space” where everything, from food to medicines, can be created from plants when needed.
1．According to Paragraph 1, these organizations are studying ____________.
A．how to send humans to Mars
B．how to keep astronauts happy
C．how to feed astronauts in space
D．how to set up a base on the Moon
2．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The diet of the astronauts in space.
B．The way of growing fresh food in space.
C．The effect of the food on humans in space.
D．The reason for growing fresh food in space.
3．What does the underlined word “detect” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．检测 B．收集 C．笼罩 D．消除
4．What is Sigfredo Fuentes’s attitude (态度) towards growing plants in space
A．Supportive. B．Worried. C．Puzzled. D．Doubtful.
5．What can we learn from the text
A．Scientists have grown greens in space so far.
B．The farmbots are the robots to help make ready meals.
C．Pre-made meals can stop astronauts from getting bored.
D．It’s possible for astronauts to eat fresh food in space in the future.
（2024·福建莆田·二模）
Do you know Pi (π) Day Every year on March 14, mathematicians and math lovers around the world celebrate Pi Day. Pi is the ratio (比率) of a circle’s circumference (圆周) to its diameter. The idea itself is as easy as pie. Even middle schoolers can easily understand it. But the exact value of Pi is difficult to calculate (计算). We only know it starts with 3. 14159265. The number goes on and on. The digits never repeat regularly.
People have worked on the value of Pi for thousands of years. In the fifth century, Zu Chongzhi correctly calculated Pi to seven decimal places (小数位). There were no computers or calculators at that time. Zu didn’t even use an abacus (算盘). For 900 years after him, nobody managed to calculate the number any further. That’s why Pi is also known as “Zu’s ratio”.
Fast-forward to 2021, some Swiss scientists calculated Pi to 62. 8 trillion (万亿) decimal places. It took them 108 days, but it was a new world record. In reality, we seldom need more than 15 decimal places of Pi. Then why did scientists work out the 62. 8 trillionth digit Was it a waste of time
Jan de Gier is a mathematician in Australia. He says that calculating Pi is like the Olympic Games. It is not useful in itself, but it teaches us about what is possible. We may never finish calculating Pi. Pi mirrors life itself, as our lives are also full of unknowns. We don’t know what’s going to happen. We’ll face many problems, but many surprises are waiting for us, too.
6．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 1
A．Pi. B．Pi Day. C．A pie. D．A circle.
7．Why was Pi also called Zu’s ratio
A．Zu Chongzhi calculated Pi without an abacus.
B．Zu Chongzhi found Pi 900 years earlier than others.
C．Nobody worked on the value of Pi before Zu Chongzhi.
D．Zu Chongzhi was the first to calculate Pi to seven decimal places correctly.
8．In 2021, the new record of decimal places of Pi was ________.
A．7 B．15 C．3. 14 trillion D．62. 8 trillion
9．According to the text, what does the writer want to tell us
A．We should continue to calculate Pi.
B．Calculating Pi is an item of the Olympic Games.
C．We should try to explore the unknowns in our life.
D．We should know more information about Pi Day.
10．What can be the best title for the text
A．The History of Pi B．The Power of Pi
C．The Introduction of Pi Day D．The Achievement of Zu Chongzhi
（2024·福建福州·二模）Hoh Xil National Natural Reserve (保护区) is located in Qinghai Province. It’s home to more than 200 species (物种) of wild animals. These include chiru, yaks, deer and brown bears. Recently, however, a wolf has stolen the show.
In July, 2023, a woman came across a skinny wolf while driving through Hoh Xil. The wolf looked hungry at the time. Out of kindness, the woman got out of the car and offered it some beef jerky. She later posted a video of her experience online. The video attracted many tourists to the area to feed the hungry wolf. Three months later, the wolf again caught public attention with noticeable changes in its size. In a recent video, the wolf can be seen as much larger and fatter. More surprisingly, it has learned to beg (乞讨) for food from tourists!
Feeding wild animals isn’t an unusual practice among tourists in the area. In addition to wild wolves, brown bears have also received their share of handouts from visitors. Last October, a netizen posted a video in which tourists fed several wild brown bears at a scenic spot, saying that these bears often go close to the village for food and that there seemed be a “harmonious” (和谐的) relationship between locals and bears.
However, experts warn that such behavior can have bad effects on these animals, as they may become increasingly dependent on humans. “Reserve has a complex food chain. Unless an animal is endangered, it’s better to stay away from it,” said Dai Qiang, an animal researcher. “And wild animals may carry bacteria (细菌). Getting too close to them can be dangerous.”
11．The underlined part “has stolen the show” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”.
A．has drawn the attention B．has stolen the food
C．has eaten up the animals D．has performed a show
12．The woman offered beef jerky because she wanted to ________.
A．help the hungry wolf B．make friends with the wolf
C．get close to the wolf D．record a video of the wolf
13．What can we learn from the video posted last October
A．Villagers often sell food to visitors.
B．Locals call on people to protect the area.
C．Quite a few tourists like feeding wild animals.
D．A netizen got hurt when getting close to the bear.
14．What does Dai Qiang think of feeding wild animals
A．It will increase human dependence on nature.
B．It may harm the animals and be a risk to humans.
C．It is a good way to protect the endangered animals.
D．It improves the relationship between humans and animals.
15．What can be the best title for the text
A．Tourists in Hoh Xil B．From Visitor to Villager
C．Animals in Hoh Xil D．From Hunter to Beggar
（2024·福建福州·二模）For the first time, scientists have grown seeds in samples (样本) of soil collected from Moon 50 years. Researchers at the University of Florida found that it was harder for the plants to grow in the lunar soil than it was for them to grow in similar soils found on Earth. This could someday help people grow crops on the surface of Moon.
The team used three very small samples of dusty lunar soil, called regolith, which were gathered by astronauts on the Apollo 11, 12 and 17 missions of 1969 and 1972. The scientists planted seeds of a small flowering plant in each of the samples, as well as the soil from Earth. This small plant called thale cress is a member of the cabbage family. A number of factors (因素) including its short generation time (生长周期) make it widely used in scientific researches.
Although the thale cress sprouted (发芽) in all of the soils, the ones grown in Moon dust grew more slowly and showed more signs of stress. The plants also grew differently in each of the lunar soils. Researchers believe that’s because the samples were collected from separated Apollo landing sites, where the soil had been on the surface for different lengths of time. The older the soil was, the worse the plants grew. This suggests that the longer the regolith has been exposed (暴露) to rays from Sun and outer space, the less welcoming it is for plants.
For the question whether plants would grow in lunar soil, the answer, it turns out, is yes. But how might that one day help humans have a longer stay on Moon Scientists may need follow-up studies to get the answer.
16．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．Scientists. B．Samples. C．Plants. D．Soils.
17．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The materials of the experiment. B．The tools of the experiment.
C．The purpose of the experiment. D．The result of the experiment.
18．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is TRUE
A． B． C． D．
19．What will scientists most probably try to do next
A．Have a longer stay in outer space.
B．Grow plants on the surface of Moon.
C．Use the best Earth soil to grow crops.
D．Make the generation time of plants longer.
20．In which section of a magazine can you read the text
A．Health and sport. B．Science and technology.
C．History and culture. D．Population and environment.
（2024·福建南平·二模）The Harbin Ice Festival, which began in 1985, is China’s oldest and most exciting ice artwork festival in China. It attracts thousands of local people and visitors from around the world every year.
Today, this festival is not just an exhibition of beautiful ice and snow art. It’s also a special event for people from different countries to meet and learn from each other. Many experts, artists, and fans from places like America, Canada, Japan, Singapore, Russia, and China come to Harbin every year. They come together to create amazing ice sculptures and compete in exciting competitions.
Harbin Ice and Snow World is the largest place in the world to see ice and snow art. The festival gets better and better every year, with a new idea that gives visitors a unique experience. The ice carvings here are considered the best in the world.
This festival is also a great place for fun and entertainment. You can see fantastic ice buildings, like an ice maze (迷宫) and an ice bar. There’s even an ice hotel! If you love snow sports, you can try ice rock-climbing, skating, skiing, snow fights, and ice golf there.
The best time to visit Harbin is in winter. The festival is usually held in late December or early January. For those who dream of a real winter experience, Harbin Ice and Snow World is the perfect place. I’m sure it will become even more well-known in the future!
21．What is the main attraction of the Harbin Ice Festival
A．Ice skating competitions. B．Snow sports activities.
C．Ice and snow art exhibitions. D．Cultural exchange events.
22．What does the underlined word “sculptures” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese
A．雕塑 B．割裂 C．刻画 D．划开
23．When is the Harbin Ice Festival usually held
A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. D．In winter.
24．Who are the people most attracted to the Harbin Ice Festival
A．People who enjoy indoor activities.
B．People who love ice sculptures and winter.
C．People who prefer hot weather and beaches.
D．People who like summer activities and outdoor music.
25．What is special about the Harbin Ice Festival compared to other festivals
A．Its focus on winter sports. B．Its long history and tradition.
C．Its mixture of art and culture. D．Its place in a busy city center.
（2024·福建三明·二模）Do you know about bioplastic (生物塑料) It is a kind of plastic. But it is different. Normal plastic is made from chemical materials and takes a very long time to degrade (降解). But bioplastic is good for the environment. It is made by using bacteria (细菌) to process natural sources like vegetable oils, corn or sugar. It can degrade more easily.
But there is a problem with bioplastic. The “food” that bacteria eat is also what we eat. This means that bacteria are competing against humans for the same.
Now scientists have found a new way to make bioplastic using two kinds of bacteria and sunlight, according to Newsweek.
One of the bacteria is called synthetic cyanobacteria (合成蓝藻), which can use sunlight to produce sugar. The other kind is Halomonas boliviensis (玻利维亚盐单胞菌), which lives in the salty waters of Bolivia. It eats the sugar that the first bacteria produce and then it can produce polymers (聚合物). Polymers are used to create bioplastics. The way the bacteria store polymers is similar to how humans store fats.
Producing bioplastic with these two bacteria has many advantages. It is 20 times faster than the normal way we produce bioplastic. Also, using these two bacteria saves resources.
First, producing large numbers of bioplastic requires corn and sugar, which are used to feed normal bacteria. And growing corn and sugar needs farmland. But these two special bacteria can just use sunlight. The land that is saved can be used to grow food for humans.
Besides, this process doesn’t need rich land or clean water at all, scientists said to Newsweek. The next challenge scientists face is that they want to put their lab research into real-world practice. By doing this, bioplastic made with these two bacteria can be widely produced in the future.
26．Compared to normal plastic, bioplastic __________.
A．is easier to process B．uses more materials
C．produces no waste D．is easier to degrade
27．What problem can bioplastic cause
A．Humans might have less food to eat.
B．It helps spread harmful bacteria.
C．People are afraid to use bioplastic.
D．It leads to the overuse of chemical materials.
28．From the text, which is the correct order to make bioplastic
a. eating the sugar b. creating bioplastics
c. producing polymers d. using sunlight to produce sugar
A．a-d-c-b B．a-d-b-c C．d-a-c-b D．d-c-a-b
29．What advantages can the new way of making bioplastic have
A．It only requires farmland.
B．It saves time and resources.
C．It helps kill harmful bacteria.
D．Its process produces lots of fats.
30．What would be the best title for the text
A．A New Kind of Plastic B．Advantages of Bioplastic
C．A Way to Store Fats D．Two Kinds of Bacteria
（2024·福建三明·二模）Recently, male god Lei Jun has become even more popular on the Internet because of SU7, which is a new kind of electric car. Lei is a man who is full of legends (传奇), not only because of his ability, but also because of his attitude in doing things and being a person.
Lei was born in a common family in December, 1969 in Xiantao, Hubei. His father was a teacher. When Lei was very young, he showed amazing talent in learning. In 1987, when taking the college entrance examination, he got 700 points out of 710 point s in the test paper, being the No.1 in the city, and he made up his mind to study in Wuhan University. During the college days, he also completed the four-year courses in two years, and won the first prize of the scientific and technological achievement s of college students in Hubei Province.
In 2010, Xiaomi Company was founded, Lei Jun is the founder of it. He has rich experience in the field of technology and has led xiaomi to become a well-known global brand (品牌). Many mi fans think Xiaomi can provide both good user experience and high product quality for them. They can get better enjoyment at a lower price as well.
On November 29th, 2023, Lei donated (捐赠) 1.3 billion yuan to his former school—Wuhan University. This is the largest single donation received by Wuhan University since its setting up. Lei Jun said that without his former school, there wouldn’t be his achievement today. 30 years ago, when he was a student, he once received a scholarship (奖学金) of 2,000 yuan, and he thought that he would return it for ten times or more in the future, and now he has made it. Lei is such a man, low-key, hard-working and generous.
31．According to the text, SU7 is a __________.
A． B． C． D．
32．How long did Lei Jun spend on his college courses
A．For one year. B．For two years.
C．For three years. D．For four years.
33．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Xiaomi technology. B．A global brand.
C．Wuhan University. D．Xiaomi Company.
34．What can Xiaomi offer to mi fans
①better enjoyment ②good user experience
③higher price ④high product quality
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
35．We can learn from the text that __________.
A．Lei Jun was thankful to Wuhan University
B．Lei Jun hasn’t received any scholarship
C．Lei Jun didn’t do well in the college entrance examination
D．Lei Jun donated 1.3 billion to Wuhan University in 2010
（2024·福建三明·二模）
From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors Fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青素). These pigments appear in different numbers, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
To find out how environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black. They found that red fruit tends (倾向) to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warmer places. These fruits tend to grow a lot in just one special area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator (赤道), the darker its color will be.
Animals have also had an influence on the evolution of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds (种子) in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see.
However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ seeing abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Many yellow fruit can be found in their living areas, as they can easily see this color.
36．According to paragraph 1, fruit colors depend on ________.
A．red carotenoid B．blue anthocyanin
C．their numbers D．their environment
37．You are more likely to find blue and purple fruit in ________ places.
A．cooler B．warmer C．higher D．lower
38．What does the underlined word “evolution” in paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese
A．特性 B．辨识 C．演变 D．参数
39．Some fruit develop certain colors to ________.
A．frighten animals away B．get more sunlight
C．attract animals to eat them D．protect themselves
40．What do we know from the text
A．Dark fruit enjoys growing close to the equator.
B．Green fruit is fond of growing in cool places.
C．Humans can see red more easily than birds.
D．Lemurs are color-blind and can’t see any colors.
（2024·福建南平·二模）Can you believe it A person who couldn’t move because of paralysis (瘫痪) could drink water all by himself ! He did it by using his brain to control a special glove. It sounds like something from a magic show, doesn’t it But it’s true! Chinese doctors from Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University and Tsinghua University made this happen with their new brain-machine interface(BMI) technology.
On October 24, 2023, these doctors did a very important experiment. They put two small BMI devices (设备), as big as coins, into the patient’s skull (颅骨). These devices could get signals from his brain. After three months of practicing at home, the patient could use his brain to control the special glove. It was like magic! He could drink water without anyone helping him.
This project is very special because it didn’t hurt the patient’s brain. The devices used wireless power, so they didn’t need batteries.
Li Yuanning from Shanghai Tech University told CCTV News that BMI is mostly used to help people who have trouble moving or talking because of their brain-related problems. It can help doctors see how long they can focus, how tired they are, and how well they sleep. It can even be like a game for them to have fun!
However, China’s BMI technology is still new, and there are no products for sale yet. Some people are worried that these experiments might change how patients live and how they are. They also worry about keeping patients’ information safe and making sure they understand everything before they try the experiment.
41．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．The use of a special glove. B．The ability to move even paralysis.
C．The ability to drink water all by himself. D．The control of a special glove using his brain.
42．Why is the use of wireless power important in this experiment
A．To call aliens over. B．To remove the need for batteries.
C．To power a time machine. D．To help the patient remain in the air.
43．BMI technology can monitor patients’ health EXCEPT ________.
A．their focus B．their tiredness C．their sleep quality D．their favorite food
44．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．Li Yuanning commented on BMI technology.
B．China’s BMI technology is already on the market.
C．The patient was able to move objects with his mind.
D．The experiment was carried out by researchers from Harvard University.
45．The writing purpose of the text is to ________.
A．tell a magical adventure B．explain the process of calling aliens
C．detail the construction of a time machine D．describe an important medical discovery
（2024·福建南平·二模）During Chinese New Year, a 40-meter balloon loong in a Hong Kong mall broke the Guinness World Record. The loong, also known as the Chinese dragon, symbolizes resilience (韧性) , energy, and liveliness in Chinese culture. Made up of 38,000 balloons, the record-breaking loong showed a sense of power.
Wilson Pang, a balloon artist with more than ten years of experience, has always dreamed of creating a dragon-shaped balloon. Throughout history, dragons have been respected as symbols of good luck, bringing pleasant weather and rich crops. Pang points out the deep respect dragons hold in Chinese culture. As this year marks the Year of the Loong, Pang quickly partnered with the mall, deciding to create a huge balloon loong.
Teaming up with City University students, Pang formed a 60-person team. At the beginning, the team planned for a 10-meter dragon, but the Guinness officials required it to be at least 33 meters without any extra support, so the team faced a challenge. Starling on January 20, the team worked tirelessly, creating an amazing 41.77-meter balloon loong. Praised by Guinness, Pang, who used to be a magician, called it his most unforgettable creation.
The dragon exhibit caught a lot of people’s eye, with positive social media comments. Thanking supporters, Pang printed 5,000 dragon postcards and organized a meet-and-greet. Focusing on the importance of supporting young people, Pang aims to share knowledge and help grow future winners. Growing up in Hong Kong, a cultural crossroads where East meets West, Pang thinks about blending (融合) Eastern and Western influences in his balloon art. The balloon artist hopes one day he can introduce to the world balloon works that display the beauty of Chinese culture.
46．The loong in Chinese culture is a symbol of ________.
A．strength and energy B．luck and danger
C．sadness and weakness D．courage and fear
47．Who is Wilson Pang, the creator of the balloon loong
A．A cook and teacher. B．A musician and composer.
C．A magician and balloon artist. D．A scientist and researcher.
48．How long did the Guinness officials require the balloon loong to be at least ________ without any support
A．10 meters B．33 meters C．40 meters D．41. 77 meters
49．Wilson Pang aims to ________.
A．create more balloon loongs B．become a Guinness record holder
C．make money from his balloon at D．share his knowledge with young people
50．What can be the best title for the text
A．East Meets West B．Hong Kong’s Balloon Magic
C．Record-Breaking Balloon Loong D．Year of the Loong Celebration
（2024·福建福州·二模）Are you a procrastinator (拖延者) Are you putting off going to the gym Have you seldom cleaned your rooms in time Are you waiting just one more day to study for that test Procrastination is putting off to later what you know you should be doing now. But all those tasks you push to tomorrow can make their way into your mind. And that could harm your health.
In one study, scientists connected procrastination to many problems. These included depression (沮丧), nervousness and even arm pain. “I was surprised when I saw that one,” says Fred Johansson. The psychologist (心理学家) and his team reported the results in a newspaper.
The study is one of the largest so far to deal with procrastination’s ties to health. For years, scientists didn’t seem to view procrastination as something serious. This new study could change that.
The study followed about 2,500 students over nine months. They found that procrastinators perform worse over time than those who did things without delay (延迟). For instance, they were more worried, depressed and sleep-deprived (睡眠不足的).
From this type of study, the team can’t say for sure that putting things off causes poor health. But results from other research teams seem to point in the same direction. One 2021 study tied procrastinating at bedtime to depression. And a 2015 study connected procrastinating to poor heart health. According to Fuschia Sirois, a scientist at Durham University in England, the harmful effects of procrastination could build up over time. Procrastination alone may not cause disease, however it could be “one factor that can tip the scales (扭转局势).”
51．How did the writer lead to the topic
A．By comparing facts. B．By telling stories.
C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples.
52．The underlined word “These” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A．procrastinators B．tasks C．scientists D．problems
53．How many students took part in the study of Fred Johansson
A．2500. B．2015. C．2000. D．1500.
54．What is the same conclusion of studies in 2021 and 2015
A．Delaying makes poor heart health.
B．Procrastination is a kind of disease.
C．Delaying at bedtime makes depression.
D．Procrastination leads to many problems.
55．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text
A．To make the readers know about the procrastinators.
B．To advise the readers to keep away from procrastination.
C．To tell about the different result of studies.
D．To show the reasons for procrastination.
（2024·福建福州·二模）Thanks to modern travel, even though faraway countries may now seem closer, they may still be different from your home country. Following are some tips that will make your trip more enjoyable.
Never raise your voice in order to make yourself understood. If you do not know the word for something in the local language, try to draw a picture or point to an object. If you have to point something out, do so by gesturing towards the object, with the palm (掌心) of your hand flat, facing upward, and your fingers straight.
Consider the main religion of the country you plan to visit and read about any taboo related to clothing, especially if you plan to visit places that are considered sacred (神圣的). You’d better wear T-shirts that cover your shoulders, and long trousers. What’s more, avoid topics of conversation that you think may be sensitive (敏感的). If a topic is sensitive in your own culture, it will more than likely be the same in other cultures.
If you plan to stay with a host family, and you wish to take a gift, do some research. One of the easiest ways to upset somebody is to give the wrong gift. In China, you mustn’t give fans as gifts. The Chinese word for “fan” has a similar sound to the word for “separation”.
Wherever you go in the world, always show respect for the values of the country you are in.
56．Which picture shows the right gesture “pointing something out” in paragraph 2 ________
A． B． C． D．
57．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the text ________
A．Thanks to modern travel, faraway countries may seem closer now.
B．If you do not know the word for something in the local language, try to raise your voice.
C．You can not talk about sensitive topics of conversation when you make a trip.
D．The easiest ways to make somebody sad is to give the wrong gift.
58．What would be the best structure of the passage ________
A． B． C． D．
59．What can be given as a present in China according to Paragraph 4 ________
A．A fan. B．A clock. C．A fish. D．A pear.
60．What can we learn from the text ________
A．To see is to believe. B．Experience is the mother of wisdom.
C．East or west, home is the best. D．When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
（2024·福建福州·二模）Since humans sent the first satellite to space in the 1950s, scientists have been studying an important topic: how to grow food in space if humans will one day live there. A recent experiment at the Tiangong space station makes a big step forward.
Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings (幼苗) during the Shenzhou XIV mission “The rice seedlings are growing very well” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher from the Chinesc Academy of Sciences. Since the rice experiment began on July 29, the seedlings of the tall shoot rice variety (高杆水稻品种) have reached a height of 30 centimeters. The seedlings of the dwarf rice variety (矮杆水稻品种) have grown to 5 centimeters, China Daily reported on Aug. 30
While there have been other rice experiments in space, this one is the first of its kind to produce the complete life cycle of a plant—it begins with a seed and ends with a mature (成熟的) plant producing new seeds.
Such food-growing experiments are not just for astronauts. They can also solve food problems on Earth. By sending seeds to space, we can create mutated (突变的) seeds, thanks to microgravity, lack of air and cosmic rays (宇宙射线). The seeds can then produce higher amount on Earth.
For more than 30 years, China has developed over 260 new types of seeds in space. They are planted every year in fields that cover tens of millions of hectares (公顷).
According to Yao Tong, an engineer from Hainan Aerospace Engineering Breeding Research Center. 30 percent of strawberries sold in Beijing are “space strawberries”, which are as big as eggs. The center has also produced “space tomatoes” with yields (产量) increased by 30 percent, and “space bananas” with a growth cycle shortened from 13 months to 9 months.
61．How high did the tall shoot rice variety grow for the first month
A．5 cm. B．25 cm. C．30 cm. D．35 cm.
62．What does the underlined phrase “this one” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．The dwarf rice variety.
B．The tall shoot rice variety.
C．The rice experiment on Shenchou XIV.
D．The last rice experiment in space.
63．How does the current (当前的) rice experiment differ from other experiments
A．Its seedlings have successfully come up.
B．It goes through a complete life cycle.
C．Its seedlings are growing very well.
D．It uses completely new rice varieties.
64．Why do we grow food in space
a. To feed astronauts b. To study microgravity
c. To increase yields on Earth d. To research on cosmic rays.
A．ab B．be C．ac D．bd
65．What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A．Space planting is benefiting us.
B．Space planting has disadvantages.
C．People will never run out of food.
D．People are afraid of food bred in space.
（2024·福建宁德·二模）In November, our school went to iFLYTEK for a study tour to get a deeper understanding of artificial intelligence (AI).
The teacher first introduced some common knowledge and real-world uses of AI. For example, it beat humans in some difficult chess games. And ChatGPT could pass math exams with high scores. However, most students questioned the ability of AI. Some classmates even said, “I don’t think AI can do things better than humans in many ways.” But after visiting, we came to believe that AI may be able to do things that humans may not expect.
Then we experienced iFLYTEK’s Starfire model. To test its function, we suggested a Chinese writing topic about happiness that we had been thinking about for a long time. At first, Starfire gave us a common article, so we weren’t happy with it. One student said, “This article has no standout features. I think it should include some character descriptions. And the descriptions should be detailed.” After many suggestions and tries, the AI’s final article was really good. And it won our applause (掌声).
After that, the teacher introduced digital humans to us, which amazed us most. The digital humans can not only talk naturally, but also use real human body languages and make facial expressions. They do this with the help of special technology that reads humans’ faces and copies humans’ moves. And it makes them seem real.
We all saw the power of AI in different fields, but we also realized that it still has a long way to go. As AI technology continues to develop, it will surely meet with new challenges.
66．Why did our school have the study tour
A．To know AI more. B．To doubt the ability of AI.
C．To pass the exams. D．To introduce knowledge of AI.
67．What does the underlined word “standout” probably mean
A．普通的 B．出色的 C．熟悉的 D．复杂的
68．What amazed students most about digital humans
A．They can talk like humans. B．They can write articles quickly.
C．They can beat humans in games. D．They can copy real human feelings.
69．What can we infer (推断) from the passage
A．Students consider AI perfect.
B．AI needs further development.
C．AI will take away humans’ jobs.
D．Students will beat AI successfully.
70．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The power that AI brings to us.
B．The surprise that teachers give us.
C．Learning about AI: A wonderful tour.
D．Discovering AI: An in-school experience.
（2024·福建宁德·二模）A new game is becoming popular with young people: tens or even hundreds of people come together, choose to be “cats” or “mice”, share locations on their phones, and then play hide-and-seek in a big open-air space.
Young people say that this game not only gets people to exercise but also throws them into the joys of childhood memories. It helps them deal with pressure and turns running into a fun social game.
On Sept. 24, I went to experience the activity with Patrick McCarthy in the park. There were around 30 people. Most of us didn’t know each other. The game had two rounds (轮). In the first round, five people were “cats” and the rest were “mice”. With five minutes for “mice” to run and hide, the “cats” found them using the locations they shared on a map app. The second round was group competition.
We all played hide-and-seek when we were little. When I invited McCarthy, he asked, “What’s the purpose of playing this game as an adult (成人) ”
It turned out (结果是) that the game was a joyful experience for him. The use of GPS made it much more fun. “It was a creative way of bringing something new to old games with technology,” said McCarthy. “It is a good way to make friends, as they need teamwork.”
For me, it’s good that this activity got me moving as I’m not so interested in doing sports in my daily life. However, I could have had more fun if the park weren’t so big.
71．Why is the new game popular with young people according to Paragraph 2
A．It brings fun for them. B．It gives them no pressure.
C．It improves their memories. D．It gets them to do less sports.
72．What can we know about the new game
A．“Cats” are more than “mice”.
B．“Cats” find “mice” with a map app.
C．Players need to know each other well.
D．The space for the activity is very small.
73．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 5
A．The teamwork. B．The technology. C．The fun. D．The game.
74．What does the writer think of the game
A．He thinks the game is creative.
B．He thinks the game makes him do sports.
C．He believes the game isn’t interesting.
D．He believes the game helps him make friends.
75．What’s the passage mainly about
A．A new way to play hide-and-seek.
B．A joyful experience of playing games.
C．The rules for playing hide-and-seek.
D．The importance of technology in games.
（2024·福建泉州·二模）The “loong” is a magical dragon from Chinese stories. It is considered very powerful in China because people believe it controls all water in the sky and on Earth. Ancient emperors said they were related to the loong to show they had the right to rule. The loong has always been a key symbol in Chinese history. Ever wondered where it came from
Yangshao Period
The story of the loong begins with the Yangshao Culture, which started around 5,500 to 7,000 years ago. That’s when people first made designs of loongs, inspired by animals like fish, snakes, pigs, and crocodiles. These early loong designs showed their respect for nature.
Longshan Era
Fast forward to about 4,000 to 5,000 years ago, during the Longshan period, making loong designs became popular, especially those that looked like snakes and crocodiles, but also included bits of tigers, fish, and other animals too. The Taosi culture, part of this period, is known for its pottery (陶器) decorated with special dragon designs, which had heads like crocodiles and cool horns (角) on top.
Xia and Shang Dynasties
In the Xia and Shang dynasties, the loong turned into a big symbol for the country, representing strength and togetherness. The Xia people really respected the loong as an important ancestor and thought it helped them in tough times.
In 2002, historian discovered a loong-shaped pot in Erlitou, Henan, made of over 2,000 turquoise (绿松石) pieces, looking like a loong’s head and body. After the Xia, the Shang Dynasty’s interest in loong designs grew, with many bronze (青铜) pots showing loong patterns. This period saw the loong become even cooler and more mysterious.
Through thousands of years, the loong’s image has changed but remains a key symbol of Chinese culture and spirit, showing how stories and beliefs can deeply shape a nation’s identity.
76．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．China. B．Water. C．The loong. D．The sky.
77．When did the first loong designs appear
A．4,000 to 5,000 years ago. B．5,500 to 7,000 years ago.
C．After the Xia Dynasties. D．During the Shang Dynasties.
78．What animals influenced the loong designs the Longshan Era
① dragon ② fish ③snakes ④ pigs ⑤ tiger ⑥ crocodile
A．①②③④ B．②③④⑤ C．①③④⑤ D．②③⑤⑥
79．What role did the loong play in the Xia Dynasties
A．A magical being. B．The rule of the country.
C．A pottery pattern. D．A symbol and an ancestor.
80．What is the main idea of the text
A．The change of the Chinese loong in Chinese history.
B．The different uses of loong designs in ancient China.
C．The importance of loong designs in pottery making.
D．The influence of the loong throughout ancient China.
（2024·福建泉州·二模）
On November 14, 2023, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) officially acknowledged (承认) China’s Bei Dou satellite Navigation System (BDS) as a global (全球的) standard. This acknowledgement places it among the top group of global satellite navigation systems, sharing the stage with the United States’ GPS, Russia’s GLONASS, and the European Union’s Galileo.
China began working on the BDS in 1994. The system became operational in 2000. After 12 years of development, it started helping people in the Asia-Pacific area. By 2020, with BDS-3 being used all over the world, China improved the system to offer more accurate (精确的) positioning services. This improvement has made it a valuable tool for different kinds of industries, including transportation, farming, and land measuring.
Now, the BDS, with its 59 satellites, has served more than 1.5 billion users around the world. In China, most mobile apps that provide maps, navigation, and shopping services already support the BDS. The country’s satellite navigation industry is growing quickly, with its value reaching more than 500 billion yuan in 2022 — an amount expected to double by 2025. In the first six months of 2023, about 13.4 million new BDS devices (设备) were introduced. Nearly 60% of these devices have been used in transportation, while the rest support communication and farming. About 28% are used for communication and 12% for farming.
As BDS gets more popular, it is expected to play an increasingly important role in global navigation and positioning services.
81．Which systems is BDS similar to after being acknowledged by ICAO
A．GPS, GLONASS, Galileo. B．GPS, Galileo, satellites.
C．Galileos, mobile apps, maps. D．GLONASS, maps, navigation.
82．When did BDS-3 start offering improved global services
A．By 1994. B．By 2000. C．By 2012. D．By 2020.
83．What can we infer from the Paragraph 3
A．The apps are all supported by the BDS.
B．The BDS devices went global in 2023.
C．The global use of the BDS is increasing.
D．Farming uses the BDS the most in China.
84．What is the expected value of China’s satellite navigation industry by 2025
A．500 billion yuan. B．10,000 billion yuan.
C．60% of the 2022 value. D．Double the 2023 value.
85．Where is the text most probably from
A．A science textbook. B．A daily newspaper.
C．An industry report. D．A farming magazine.
（2024·福建福州·二模）In 1993, Swedish psychologist K. Anders Ericsson planned to find the secret to turning a typical teen into a violinist. His answer Practice: 10,000 hours of it. The figure was called “the magic number of greatness” by journalist and writer Malcolm Gladwell.
The idea “Practice makes perfect” has been rooted in the heads of ambitious youths since the Roman Empire. Anyone can be the next LeBron James, Yo-Yo Ma, or Celine Dion as long as they can devote enough time to practicing their skills. But can it be simple Not every expert agrees. While training is quite important for learning, spending plenty of your life trying something over and over doesn’t mean you’ll become skilled, says Zach Hambrick, a psychologist at Michigan State University.
Being great isn’t just about the total of work, he says, but also about the workers themselves. In reviewing different studies, Hambrick found that practice time explains only about one-quarter of any noticeable difference in skill level. Other factors (因素)——like age, brainpower, and natural gifts——all played big roles in separating the better from the best.
Genes (基因) in particular offer physical and intellectual advantages. Height might be useful for a basketball star. A limber vocal range (灵活的音域) could help you take the lead in a chorus.
Of course, this doesn’t mean we should all quit practicing, Hambrick says. Nobody is born knowing how to pirouette (单脚尖旋转) or plot a checkmate. But perfection in 10,000 hours There’s no promise.
86．According to K .Anders Ericsson, what makes a typical teen turn into a violinist
A．Height. B．Age. C．Brainpower. D．Practice.
87．What is the purpose of the underlined question in paragraph 2
A．To show study reviews. B．To lead in the topic.
C．To present a new point. D．To consider the perfection process.
88．According to paragraph 3, what’s Hambrick’s attitude (态度) towards “practice makes perfect”
A．Confident. B．Unsupportive. C．Objective. D．Doubtful.
89．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “quit” in paragraph 5
quit /kw t/ v. ①to stop doing sth. ②to close a computer program ③to leave your job, school, etc. ④to leave the place where you live
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
90．What is the main idea of the text
A．The road to being skilled isn’t smooth.
B．Many factors contribute to being great.
C．Having new ideas is a good way to study.
D．Genes offer physical and intellectual advantages.
（2024·福建福州·二模）Going shopping with your parents for new clothes can make you happy. However, in the UK we buy more clothes per person than any other country in Europe. What people might not realize is that the fashion industry, especially “fast fashion”, is harmful to the planet.
Fast fashion refers to cheap clothing items that are quickly produced by large companies to follow the latest trends (时尚). The aim of fast fashion is to get the new styles into shops as fast as possible so customers can buy them.
The fashion industry is responsible for between eight and 10% of greenhouse gas emissions (排放), which cause climate change. To keep prices low, fashion companies often use a fabric called polyester, which is a type of plastic that is not biodegradable. Producers dye (染色) fabrics using lots of chemicals, which can pollute the environment. Making clothes also requires lots of water. The clothes then have to be shipped to the countries where they’re going to be sold, which produces even more polluting emissions. Fast fashion items aren’t made to last forever because they often go out of style quite quickly. Some people throw their clothes away when they don’t want them any more. Each year, the UK sends 300,000 tonnes of clothes to landfill.
What can we do to help Try buying second-hand clothes. They aren’t too expensive and help to reduce the amount of clothes that get thrown away. Someone else could wear a T-shirt that doesn’t fit you or suit your style any more. Donate or swap. If items of clothing start to look very worn or get ripped, they can be fixed or reused in a different way.
91．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 mean
A．Fast fashion is the most popular in Europe.
B．The British buy the most clothes in Europe.
C．Britain has the most clothes shops in Europe.
D．British parents go shopping most often in Europe.
92．According to the text, what’s the aim of fast fashion
A．To produce cheap clothes as fast as possible.
B．To spread the latest information about fashion.
C．To sell new styles to customers in the shortest time.
D．To help fashion industry develop in a better direction.
93．How does the writer explain that fast fashion is harmful to the earth
A．By showing facts. B．By asking questions.
C．By telling stories. D．By making surveys.
94．What does the underlined “They” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Fashion companies. B．Dyed fabrics.
C．Different chemicals. D．Second-hand clothes.
95．What’s the best title for the text
A．The Future of Fast Fashion B．How to Reuse Our Old Clothes
C．Wise Shopping Could Help Earth D．Fashion Industry Is Changing Its Way
（2024·福建福州·二模）Living in a forest in the city This sounds like something out of a fiction story. However, this has become a reality for some people in Turin, Italy.
25 Verde, an apartment building in Turin, looks like a forest. The building has five floors and 63 residential (住宅的) units. From outside, it looks like a modern tree house. One hundred and fifty trees grow from terraces (阳台) and green gardens cover the roofs. Inside the building, there is a garden in the center. It also has small ponds in the yard, where people can relax during the summertime. From the terraces, people can enjoy the perfect view of the Alps (阿尔卑斯山). People living on the top floor can enjoy their own garden.25 Verde isn't just a feast (盛宴) for the eyes, it also serves a bigger purpose. With its trees, the building takes in about 200,000 liters (升) of CO and produces 150,000 liters of O an hour. This protects people from air pollution. The building also has a heating and cooling system that uses groundwater to save energy.
All of these make the building stand out on its corner of the city. For the people of the building, going home must feel like a dreamlike experience. This wonderful piece of modern building shows that nature and people can live together with thoughtful planning!
96．How many floors are there in 25 Verde according to Paragraph 2
A．50. B．25. C．5. D．150.
97．The location of 25 Verde is in ________.
A．America B．Austria C．Japan D．Italy
98．What is the bigger purpose of 25 Verde according to Paragraph 2
A．25 Verde is only a feast for the eyes.
B．The building 25 Verde protects people from air pollution.
C．The building produces about 200,000 liters of CO an hour.
D．25 Verde uses groundwater for cooling system to save water.
99．Which of the following is TRUE
A．There is a garden in the center inside the building.
B．Green grass covers the roofs of the building.
C．The building has small ponds outside the yard.
D．Everyone living in the building can enjoy their own garden.
100．The text mainly wants to tell us ________.
A．the building stands out on its corner of the city
B．living in 25 Verde must feel like a dreamlike experience
C．this wonderful piece of modern building is really wonderful
D．nature and people can live together with thoughtful planning
参考答案：
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了目前宇航员在太空都是食用即食食品，墨尔本大学的一个团队正在尝试利用机器人来种植太空食物，以实现宇航员能够在太空吃到新鲜的食物。
1．细节理解题。根据“Five universities in Australia have partnered with 38 other organizations, including NASA, to develop ideas for how to feed astronauts in space”可知，这些组织正在研究如何为太空中的宇航员提供食物。故选C。
2．段落大意题。根据“Scientists want astronauts to be able to grow fresh food in space, so they can replace their food and have a healthier diet. It could also stop astronauts from getting bored with their diet.”可知，本段讲述的是在太空中种植新鲜食物的原因。故选D。
3．词义猜测题。根据“The farmbots have ‘E-noses’”可知，农场机器人有“电子鼻”，这是检测植物发出的气味的手段。detect表示“检测”，故选A。
4．观点态度题。根据“The scientists want to make the plant-growing process automatic (自动的) on space missions. Professor Sigfredo Fuentes told that it would be like having “a smart fridge in space” where everything, from food to medicines, can be created from plants when needed.”科学家们希望在太空任务中实现植物生长过程的自动化。Sigfredo Fuentes教授说，这就像“太空中的智能冰箱”，从食物到药物，一切都可以在需要的时候从植物中制造出来。由此可知，他对在太空种植植物持支持态度，故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据“So far, leafy greens have been the easiest to grow.”和“where everything, from food to medicines, can be created from plants when needed.”可知，将来宇航员有可能在太空中吃到新鲜的食物。故选D。
6．A 7．D 8．D 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了圆周率日的由来及圆周率的相关知识。
6．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Pi is the ratio (比率) of a circle’s circumference (圆周) to its diameter. The idea itself is as easy as pie. Even middle schoolers can easily understand it.”可知，Pi是圆的圆周与直径的比率，这个想法本身很简单，即使是中学生也很容易理解Pi，所以划线词指代的是上文中的“Pi”。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the fifth century, Zu Chongzhi correctly calculated Pi to seven decimal places (小数位).”和“For 900 years after him, nobody managed to calculate the number any further. That’s why Pi is also known as ‘Zu’s ratio’.”可知，祖冲之是第一个把圆周率精确到小数点后7位的人。在他之后的900年里，没有人能够进一步计算出这个数字，所以Pi也被称为“祖率”。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Fast-forward to 2021, some Swiss scientists calculated Pi to 62. 8 trillion (万亿) decimal places.”可知，在2021年，一些瑞士科学家将圆周率计算到了小数点后62.8万亿位。故选D。
9．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Pi mirrors life itself, as our lives are also full of unknowns. We don’t know what’s going to happen. We’ll face many problems, but many surprises are waiting for us, too.”可知，圆周率反映了生活本身，因为我们的生活也充满了未知，我们不知道会发生什么，我们将面临许多问题，但也有许多惊喜在等着我们，所以作者想要告诉我们应该尝试探索生活中的未知。故选C。
10．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了圆周率日的由来及圆周率的相关知识，所以B项最符合。故选B。
11．A 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了青海可可西里国家级自然保护区，一头野狼因经常被游客和司机投喂而“判若两狼”的视频引发了广泛关注。野狼从猎手到乞丐，这个转变引发网友热议。
11．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The video attracted many tourists to the area to feed the hungry wolf. Three months later, the wolf again caught public attention with noticeable changes in its size.”可知，这段视频吸引了许多游客到该地区去喂这只饥饿的狼。三个月后，这只狼再次因为它的大小有明显的变化引起了公众的注意。所以“has stolen the show”意思是“引起了人们的注意”。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“The wolf looked hungry at the time. Out of kindness, the woman got out of the car and offered it some beef jerky.”可知，狼当时看起来很饿。出于好意，那个女人下了车，递给它一些牛肉干。由此可知，这位女士提供了牛肉干是因为她想帮助饥饿的狼。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据“In addition to wild wolves, brown bears have also received their share of handouts from visitors. Last October, a netizen posted a video in which tourists fed several wild brown bears at a scenic spot, saying that these bears often go close to the village for food and that there seemed be a ‘harmonious’ (和谐的) relationship between locals and bears.”可知，除了野狼，棕熊也收到了来访者的分发品。去年10月有网友发布在青海某景点的视频有游客向多只棕熊投喂食物并称棕熊经常进村讨食当地人与棕熊关系“和睦”。由此可以推断，我们从去年十月发布的视频中了解到不少游客喜欢喂野生动物。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“However, experts warn that such behavior can have bad effects on these animals, as they may become increasingly dependent on humans. And wild animals may carry bacteria (细菌). Getting too close to them can be dangerous.”可知，然而，专家警告说，这种行为可能会对这些动物产生不良影响。野生动物可能携带细菌。由此可知，喂食野生动物可能会伤害动物，并对人类构成风险。故选B。
15．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了青海可可西里国家级自然保护区，一头野狼因经常被游客和司机投喂而“判若两狼”的视频引发了广泛关注。野狼从猎手到乞丐，这个转变引发网友热议。故选D。
16．C 17．A 18．A 19．B 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家在月球土壤中种植植物。
16．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Researchers at the University of Florida found that it was harder for the plants to grow in the lunar soil than it was for them to grow in similar soils found on Earth.”可知，佛罗里达大学的研究人员发现，这些植物在月球土壤中生长比在地球上类似的土壤中生长更难，所以划线词指代的是前面的“plants”。故选C。
17．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“The team used three very small samples of dusty lunar soil, called regolith, which were gathered by astronauts on the Apollo 11, 12 and 17 missions of 1969 and 1972. The scientists planted seeds of a small flowering plant in each of the samples, as well as the soil from Earth.”可知，本段主要介绍实验材料。故选A。
18．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Although the thale cress sprouted (发芽) in all of the soils, the ones grown in Moon dust grew more slowly and showed more signs of stress. The plants also grew differently in each of the lunar soils.”可知，尽管水芹在所有的土壤中都发芽了，但在月球土壤中的水芹生长得更慢，这些植物在月球土壤中的生长情况也各不相同，所以A项正确。故选A。
19．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For the question whether plants would grow in lunar soil, the answer, it turns out, is yes. But how might that one day help humans have a longer stay on Moon Scientists may need follow-up studies to get the answer.”可知，事实证明，植物是会在月球土壤中生长的，所以科学家们下一步最有可能尝试在月球表面种植植物。故选B。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了科学家在月球土壤中种植植物，属于科学范畴。故选B。
21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了哈尔滨的冰雪节及哈尔滨冰雪大世界。
21．细节理解题。根据“The Harbin Ice Festival, which began in 1985, is China’s oldest and most exciting ice artwork festival in China.”以及“Today, this festival is not just an exhibition of beautiful ice and snow art.”可知哈尔滨冰雪节的主要景点是冰雪艺术展。故选C。
22．词句猜测题。根据“The ice carvings here are considered the best in the world.”可知，哈尔滨的冰雕是世界上最棒的，所以吸引了世界上很多人来哈尔滨创作冰雕，故sculptures意思为“雕塑”。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“The best time to visit Harbin is in winter. The festival is usually held in late December or early January.”可知，哈尔滨冰雪节通常在冬天举办。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“For those who dream of a real winter experience, Harbin Ice and Snow World is the perfect place.”可知，对于喜欢冬天和冰雕的人来说，哈尔滨冰雪节最具吸引力。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据“Today, this festival is not just an exhibition of beautiful ice and snow art. It’s also a special event for people from different countries to meet and learn from each other.”可知，哈尔滨冰雪节相较于其他节日，不仅是艺术展更是文化的融合。故选C。
26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家发明了生物塑料并帮助节约了资源。
26．细节理解题。根据“But bioplastic is good for the environment.”以及“It can degrade more easily.”可知，生物塑料更容易降解。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“The ‘food’ that bacteria eat is also what we eat. This means that bacteria are competing against humans for the same.”可知，生物塑料可能导致的问题是会导致人类吃的食物减少。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据“One of the bacteria is called synthetic cyanobacteria (合成蓝藻), which can use sunlight to produce sugar.”可知，应该利用阳光产生糖；根据“ It eats the sugar that the first bacteria produce and then it can produce polymers (聚合物).”可知，然后细菌开始吃糖，并产生聚合物；根据“Polymers are used to create bioplastics.”可知，聚合物被用来制造生物塑料，因此选项C中的顺序符合题意。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“It is 20 times faster than the normal way we produce bioplastic. Also, using these two bacteria saves resources.”可知，制作生物塑料的新方法可以节约时间和资源。故选B。
30．标题归纳题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了科学家发明了生物塑料并帮助节约了资源，选项B“生物塑料的优点”适合作为文章标题。故选B。
31．B 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文介绍了小米的创始人——雷军的经历。
31．细节理解题。根据“Recently, male god Lei Jun has become even more popular on the Internet because of SU7, which is a new kind of electric car.”可知，SU7是一辆车。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“During the college days, he also completed the four-year courses in two years,”可知，雷军花了两年时间学习大学课程。故选B。
33．词义猜测题。根据“In 2010, Xiaomi Company was founded, Lei Jun is the founder of it.”可知，2010年，小米公司成立，雷军是其创始人，it指的是“小米公司”。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“Many mi fans think Xiaomi can provide both good user experience and high product quality for them. They can get better enjoyment at a lower price as well.”可知，小米给用户提供了优质体验，更好的享受，以及高质量的产品。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据“On November 29th, 2023, Lei donated (捐赠) 1.3 billion yuan to his former school—Wuhan University.”以及“Lei Jun said that without his former school, there wouldn’t be his achievement today.”可知，我们可以从文中得知雷军感谢武汉大学。故选A。
36．D 37．B 38．C 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了水果有不同的颜色的原因。
36．细节理解题。根据“Fruit colors actually come from their different pigments, such as red or yellow carotenoid and blue or purple anthocyanin. These pigments appear in different numbers, depending on the fruit’s environment.”可知，水果的颜色来自于其不同的色素，例如红色或黄色的类胡萝卜素和蓝色或紫色的花青素，这些色素的数量不同，取决于水果所处的环境，即水果的颜色取决于环境。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据“Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warmer places.”可知，蓝色和紫色的水果大多生长在较温暖的地方，即在温暖的地方找到蓝色和紫色的水果。故选B。
38．词句猜测题。根据“Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see.”可知，动物吃掉果实后，会把种子散播到其他地方，这有助于果实在不同的地方传播和生长，为了吸引动物，一些果实会呈现出动物容易看到的颜色，即动物也对水果颜色的演变产生了影响，可推测evolution表示“演变”。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see.”可知，有些水果会呈现出特定的颜色为了吸引动物。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places...The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be...For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can...The lemurs of Madagascar are red-green color-blind.”可知，红色水果往往生长在凉爽的地方；水果越靠近赤道，颜色就越深；鸟类比人类更容易看到红色；狐猴是红绿色盲；A选项“深色水果喜欢生长在靠近赤道的地方。”与文章相符。故选A。
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了通过用大脑控制一只特殊的手套，让一个因瘫痪而不能动弹的人可以自己喝水的项目。
41．词义猜测题。根据“A person who couldn’t move because of paralysis (瘫痪) could drink water all by himself ! He did it by using his brain to control a special glove.”可知，it指的是“自己喝水的能力”。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“The devices used wireless power, so they didn’t need batteries.”可知，因为不再需要电池。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“It can help doctors see how long they can focus, how tired they are, and how well they sleep.”可知，不包括他们最喜欢吃的食物。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据“Li Yuanning from Shanghai Tech University told CCTV News that BMI is mostly used to help people who have trouble moving or talking because of their brain-related problems.”可知，李远宁对身体质量指数做出评价。故选A。
45．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了通过用大脑控制一只特殊的手套，让一个因瘫痪而不能动弹的人可以自己喝水的项目。因此这篇文章的目的是描述一项重要的医学发现。故选D。
46．A 47．C 48．B 49．D 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了香港展出40米长巨型龙气球，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，创作者Wilson Pang希望借此推广中国文化。
46．细节理解题。根据“The loong, also known as the Chinese dragon, symbolizes resilience, energy, and liveliness in Chinese culture.”可知，龙象征着坚韧、活力和生命力。故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据“Wilson Pang, a balloon artist with more than ten years of experience”和“Praised by Guinness, Pang, who used to be a magician, called it his most unforgettable creation.”可知，Wilson Pang曾经是一位魔术师，现在是一位气球艺术家。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据“the Guinness officials required it to be at least 33 meters without any extra support”可知，吉尼斯的工作人员要求它至少有33米长，且不能有任何额外的支撑。故选B。
49．细节理解题。根据“Focusing on the importance of supporting young people, Pang aims to share knowledge and help grow future winners.”可知，Wilson Pang强调了年轻人的重要性，旨在分享知识，以培养未来的赢家。故选D。
50．最佳标题题。本文介绍了香港展出40米长巨型气球龙，破吉尼斯世界纪录，创作者Wilson Pang希望借此推广中国文化。因此C项“破纪录的龙气球”最适合做本文的标题。故选C。
51．C 52．D 53．A 54．D 55．B
【导语】本文介绍拖延症对人的影响。
51．推理判断题。根据第一段“Are you a procrastinator (拖延者) Are you putting off going to the gym Have you seldom cleaned your rooms in time Are you waiting just one more day to study for that test ”可知是通过问问题开启话题。故选C。
52．词句猜测题。根据“In one study, scientists connected procrastination to many problems.”在一项研究中，科学家将拖延与许多问题联系起来，“These included depression (沮丧), nervousness and even arm pain.”这些包括抑郁、紧张，甚至手臂疼痛，可知“These”代指问题。故选D。
53．细节理解题。根据“The study followed about 2,500 students over nine months.”可知，该研究在九个月内对约 2,500 名学生进行了跟踪调查。故选A。
54．推理判断题。根据“One 2021 study tied procrastinating at bedtime to depression. And a 2015 study connected procrastinating to poor heart health.”2021 年的一项研究将睡前拖延与抑郁症联系起来。2015 年的一项研究表明，拖延症与心脏健康状况不佳有关。可知拖延症带来很多问题。故选D。
55．推理判断题。本文介绍拖延症对人的影响。根据“According to Fuschia Sirois, a scientist at Durham University in England, the harmful effects of procrastination could build up over time.”英国达勒姆大学科学家 Fuschia Sirois 表示，拖延症的有害影响可能会随着时间的