中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
知识过关第2讲 词汇二
1
use作及物动词,意为“使用;运用”,其后可以直接跟宾语。use...to do sth. 使用……做某事。如:
My father is using his new camera to take photos.
我爸爸正在使用他的新相机拍照。
【拓展】
use还可以作名词, 意为“使用；用途”。
She is learning the use of cameras. 她正在学习照相机的使用。
useful adj. 有用的 useless adj.无用的
2 .
miss作动词,在此处表示“怀念;思念”,是及物动词,其后可以直接跟宾语。如:
I really miss the old days. 我真的怀念过去的那些日子。
【拓展】
miss还有“错过;未赶上”之意。如:
Get up early, or you will miss the plane.早点起床,否则你会错过飞机的。
【对点训练】
The boy is studying in America now and he really _________（miss）his family at the Dragon Boat Festival.
答案misses
3
wish作动词,意为“希望”。wish to do sth.意为“希望做某事”,如:
I wish to see you again.
我希望再次见到你。
wish还可以作名词,意为“心愿;愿望”。如:
Don't forget to make a wish.
不要忘记许个愿。
【对点训练】
—I have a dream. I wish______a good job in Hefei.
—I think your dream can come true.
A.find B.finding
C.to find D.finds
答案C
4
differently作副词,意为“不同地”。如:
They are twins,but they do things differently.他们是双胞胎,但是他们做事的方式不同。
【拓展】
difference n.差别;不同 different adj.不同的(be different from 和……不同)
【对点训练】
I don't like your idea. I want to do the job ______ (different).
答案differently
5
辨析：problem,question
problem 常指等待解决的问题,尤指比较难的问题或者物理、数学题等,常和solve、work out等搭配。如:I can't work out the math problem. 我解答不出那道数学题。
question 常指由于疑惑不解而提出的问题,常和ask或answer搭配。如:Can you answer the question 你能回答这个问题吗
6
辨析：family, home, house
family 意为“家庭;家庭成员”,与居住的房子无关;当family作为整体概念的“家庭”讲时表单数意义;family作“家庭成员”讲时表复数意义
home 意为“家”,主要指一个人出生或居住的地方,房屋是其中的一部分;它具有house所没有的感彩(如“团聚”“思念”等)
house 意为“房屋;住宅”,一般指家人所居住的建筑物
7
辨析：some, any
some 表示“一些”,通常用在肯定句中,还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中
any 表示“一些,任何的,任一的”,通常用于疑问句和否定句中;还可以用在肯定句中,表示“任一”
There are some flowers in the park.
公园里有一些花。
—Would you like some tea 你想喝一些茶吗
—Yes, please. 是的,请给我一些。
Do you have any coins
你有硬币吗
There isn't any water in the glass.
杯子里没有一点儿水了。
【对点训练】
( ) I asked her for__milk, but she didn't have___.
A. any; some
B. some : any
C. some; some
D. any ; any
答案B
8
辨析：other, the other, others, another
other other通常用在复数名词的前面,意为“别的;其他的;另外的”
the other 特指两者中的 “另一个”,通常和one搭配,构成“one...the other...”,表示“一个……另一个……”;the other修饰复数名词或不可数名词时,表示“其余所有的”
others 相当于“other+复数名词”,泛指其他的人或物
another 表示不确定数目的人或物中的另一个,泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一个”
I have some other friends.
我有一些其他的朋友。
I have two T-shirts. One is red and the other is black.
我有两件T恤衫,一件是红色的,另一件是黑色的。
You should care for others.
你应该关心别人。
I don't like the hat. Could you please show me another one 我不喜
欢这顶帽子。你让我看看另一顶,好吗
【对点训练】
—I don’t like the color of the T-shirt.Can you show me ____one
—Sure.Here you are.
A.other B.others
C.the others D.another
答案D
9
worry/ w ri /,/ w ri/ v.＆n. 担心；担忧
(1) worry在句中作动词，过去式为worried。后面可接宾语从句。
Her parents worry (that) she may be late for school. 她的父母担心她可能上学迟到。
(2) worry还可作名词，意为“担心；担忧”。no worries意为“没什么，不客气，没关系”，常用以回答别人的道谢。
—Thank you for posting the card to my mother 谢谢你把这张卡片寄给了我妈妈。
—No worries. 不客气。
【拓展】
(1) worry作及物动词，还可意为“使担心；使发愁”，常接表示人的名词或代词作宾语。
The naughty boy worries his teachers. 这个顽皮的男孩让他的老师很担心。
(2) worry还可作不及物动词，意为“担心；忧虑”。worry about意为“担心(某人或某事)“，相当于be worried about。
Don’t worry about me. I’m old enough. 别担心我，我足够大了。
(3) worried是形容词，意为“担忧的；担心的”。
She felt worried because her son wasn’t at home. 她因为儿子不在家而担心。
【对点训练】
—Which do you want to read, paper books or e-books
—Paper books. I ______my eyes.
A.talk about B.hear about
C.learn about D.worry about
答案D
10
辨析
something 表示“某事;某物”,通常用在肯定句中;还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中 I have something to tell you. /Would you like something to eat
anything 表示“某事;某物”,通常用在否定句或疑问句中;还可以用在肯定句中,此时表示“任何事;任何东西” There isn't anything in the bottle. /You can take anything you like.
nothing 表示“没有任何东西”I looked carefully, but I found nothing.
everything 表示“每件事情;所有的事情”Everything is fine. Don't worry.
【对点训练】
1.—Did you find _____ funny in the book
—Yes. It talks about how to be a good kid.
A.nothing B.something
C.anything D.everything
2.My friend John knows ________ about football．He doesn't like it at all．
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
答案CD
11
visit作及物动词，意为“参观; 拜访”。
She and her family visited Xi'an last summer.
去年夏天，她和她的家人参观了西安。
（1）visit还可用作名词，意为“参观;拜访”。常用短语：
pay/have a visit to...看望某人;去某地参观
I had/paid a visit to my grandparents in the countryside.
我去看望了在乡下的祖父母。
（2）visitor为名词，意为“游客;访问者”。
There are too many visitors to Hongyadong on May Day vacation.
五一假期有很多游客到洪崖洞游玩。
【对点训练】
Old Mr. Green doesn't feel ________ because some students visit him regularly.
A. sadly B. gently
C. lonely D. angrily
答案C
12
boring 意为“没趣的；令人厌倦（烦）的”。
He told us a story, but it was really boring.
他给我们讲了一个故事，但是它真的很没趣。
【辨析】 boring与bored
boring 指事物或人具有令人厌烦的特征; bored指人对某事物感到厌烦、无趣。
I'm bored with what he said to me.
我对他对我所说的话感到厌烦。
What he said is boring.
他说的事情很没趣。
13
surprise作名词,意为“惊奇;惊讶”,可以作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词。如:
He looked at me in surprise.他惊讶地看着我。
I got a surprise when I saw the bill.一看到账单我就吃了一惊。
【拓展】
surprise还可以作动词,意为“使吃惊;使惊讶”,通常作及物动词,其后可以直接跟宾语。如:
His story surprised everyone.他的故事使每个人都惊讶。
【拓展】
【对点训练】
We weren't ______ (surprise)that she won the talent competition. She sings very well.
答案surprised
14
teach动词，意为“教授”，过去式为taught。teach sb. sth. 教某人某事； teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事；teach oneself 自学
I teach you English.
I teach you to learn English.
I teach myself English.
15
enjoy 动词，意为“喜欢；欣赏；享受”，enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,其中enjoy后若跟动词,只能跟动名词。enjoy oneself 意为“过得开心”，相当于have a good time。
Most boys enjoy playing computer games.大多数男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。
We enjoyed ourselves .我们玩得很开心。
【拓展】
【对点训练】
My sister is a book lover and she enjoys _____ very much.
A.read B.reading C.to read
答案B
16
辨析 one, it, that
one 用来指代前面提到的同类事物中的任何一个,表泛指,相当于“a/an+单数可数名词”
it 指代上文中出现过的特定事物,即“同一事物”
that 用来指代前面提到过的单数可数名词或不可数名词,相当
于“the+单数可数名词/不可数名词”;为避免重复,than后通常用that
I don't have any stamps. Can you give me one
我没有邮票了。你能给我一枚吗
Can you see the bird in the tree I like it.
你看到树上的那只鸟了吗 我喜欢它。
The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.
我们学校的图书馆比你们学校的大。
17
spend, take, cost, pay
spend spend的主语是人,常用于以下结构:spend money on(doing)sth.“在(做)……上花钱”;spend time on sth./(in)doing sth.“花费时间在某事上/做某事”
take take的常见用法:It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”
cost cost的主语是物,表示“花费”,常见用法:sth. cost(s)
(sb.)+金钱“某物花费(某人)多少钱”
pay pay的主语是人,基本用法:pay money for sth.付钱买某物
I spent two hours on this problem.
这个问题花了我两个小时。
It took him the whole afternoon to repair the car.
他花了整个下午修这辆小汽车。
A new computer costs a lot of money.
一台新电脑要花很多钱。
He pays $200 a month for this apartment.
这套公寓他每月要付200美元。
【对点训练】
She'll ____ 20 yuan for the pen.
A.spend B.cost
C.pay D.take
答案C
一、根据句意及汉语提示写单词
1. A little bird entered through the open window to ________(加入) us for dinner last night.
2. It's too ________(寒冷的) outside. You'd better put on more clothes.
3Liu Cixin is the ________(作家) who wrote the science fiction novel The Three- Body Problem.
4. Can I ________(转向) right at the second crossing
5.Be quiet. The baby is ________(睡觉) in the bedroom now.
6. The man is happily __________(描述) what he saw during his winter vacation.
7.Jackie Chan is not only an ________ (演员) but also a singer.
8.You can take the book and it's ________(免费的).
答案1.join 2cold 3 writer 4turn 5 sleeping 6describing 7actor 8 free
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The ban is at the end of the street and you can find it ________(easy).
2. Look! It is ________(cloud) today. It is going to rain.
3. Li Fang is one of the most beautiful ________(teach) in our country.
4. The weather report says it will be ________ (sun) in the following two days.
5. There are two ________(hospital) in the neighborhood.
6. There are two _____________(mountain) in front of our village(村子).
7. The baby has two ________(tooth) already.
8. Can you tell me ________(Tom) hobby(爱好)
9. Chinese scientists have successfully cloned (克隆) two ________(monkey). They are named Zhong zhong and Huahua.
10. There are many ________(bus) at the station.
答案1 easily 2 cloudy 3 teachers 4sunny 5 hospitals 6 mountains 7 teeth 8 Tom’s 9 monkeys 10 buses
三、单项选择
1. The Greens like the quietness in the countryside. The city is too ________ for them.
A. comfortable B. dangerous
C. noisy D. perfect
2.I have two ________ and three bottles of ________ here.
A. orange; orange B. oranges; oranges
C. oranges; orange D. orange; oranges
3.Every evening Mr. King takes a ________ to his home.
A. 25 minutes’ walk B. 25 minute’s walk
C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk
4.Help yourself to ________.
A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple
C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples
5.Mr Wu keeps ________ his students that the future belongs to the well -educated.
A. telling B. to tell
C. ordering D. to order
6.You're new here and it's ________ of you to bring a map.
A. smart B. strict C. beautiful D. true
7.—Helen, don't ________ to come here before 6: 30.
—OK. I'll arrive on time.
A. learn B. want
C. forget D. like
8. —Mom, I'm hungry. Is there ________ to eat
—Yes, you can have some bread on the table.
A. something B. nothing
C. anything D. everything
9. I don't like this TV program(节目). It's ________.
A. fun B. great
C. boring D. relaxing
10. You'd better leave ________, or trouble will come to you.
A. lively B. friendly
C. heavily D. quickly
答案 CCADA ACCCD
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
知识过关第2讲 词汇二
1
use作及物动词,意为“使用;运用”,其后可以直接跟宾语。use...to do sth. 使用……做某事。如:
My father is using his new camera to take photos.
我爸爸正在使用他的新相机拍照。
【拓展】
use还可以作名词, 意为“使用；用途”。
She is learning the use of cameras. 她正在学习照相机的使用。
useful adj. 有用的 useless adj.无用的
2 .
miss作动词,在此处表示“怀念;思念”,是及物动词,其后可以直接跟宾语。如:
I really miss the old days. 我真的怀念过去的那些日子。
【拓展】
miss还有“错过;未赶上”之意。如:
Get up early, or you will miss the plane.早点起床,否则你会错过飞机的。
【对点训练】
The boy is studying in America now and he really _________（miss）his family at the Dragon Boat Festival.
3
wish作动词,意为“希望”。wish to do sth.意为“希望做某事”,如:
I wish to see you again.
我希望再次见到你。
wish还可以作名词,意为“心愿;愿望”。如:
Don't forget to make a wish.
不要忘记许个愿。
【对点训练】
—I have a dream. I wish______a good job in Hefei.
—I think your dream can come true.
A.find B.finding
C.to find D.finds
4
differently作副词,意为“不同地”。如:
They are twins,but they do things differently.他们是双胞胎,但是他们做事的方式不同。
【拓展】
difference n.差别;不同 different adj.不同的(be different from 和……不同)
【对点训练】
I don't like your idea. I want to do the job ______ (different).
5
辨析：problem,question
problem 常指等待解决的问题,尤指比较难的问题或者物理、数学题等,常和solve、work out等搭配。如:I can't work out the math problem. 我解答不出那道数学题。
question 常指由于疑惑不解而提出的问题,常和ask或answer搭配。如:Can you answer the question 你能回答这个问题吗
6
辨析：family, home, house
family 意为“家庭;家庭成员”,与居住的房子无关;当family作为整体概念的“家庭”讲时表单数意义;family作“家庭成员”讲时表复数意义
home 意为“家”,主要指一个人出生或居住的地方,房屋是其中的一部分;它具有house所没有的感彩(如“团聚”“思念”等)
house 意为“房屋;住宅”,一般指家人所居住的建筑物
7
辨析：some, any
some 表示“一些”,通常用在肯定句中,还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中
any 表示“一些,任何的,任一的”,通常用于疑问句和否定句中;还可以用在肯定句中,表示“任一”
There are some flowers in the park.
公园里有一些花。
—Would you like some tea 你想喝一些茶吗
—Yes, please. 是的,请给我一些。
Do you have any coins
你有硬币吗
There isn't any water in the glass.
杯子里没有一点儿水了。
【对点训练】
( ) I asked her for__milk, but she didn't have___.
A. any; some
B. some : any
C. some; some
D. any ; any
8
辨析：other, the other, others, another
other other通常用在复数名词的前面,意为“别的;其他的;另外的”
the other 特指两者中的 “另一个”,通常和one搭配,构成“one...the other...”,表示“一个……另一个……”;the other修饰复数名词或不可数名词时,表示“其余所有的”
others 相当于“other+复数名词”,泛指其他的人或物
another 表示不确定数目的人或物中的另一个,泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一个”
I have some other friends.
我有一些其他的朋友。
I have two T-shirts. One is red and the other is black.
我有两件T恤衫,一件是红色的,另一件是黑色的。
You should care for others.
你应该关心别人。
I don't like the hat. Could you please show me another one 我不喜
欢这顶帽子。你让我看看另一顶,好吗
【对点训练】
—I don’t like the color of the T-shirt.Can you show me ____one
—Sure.Here you are.
A.other B.others
C.the others D.another
9
worry/ w ri /,/ w ri/ v.＆n. 担心；担忧
(1) worry在句中作动词，过去式为worried。后面可接宾语从句。
Her parents worry (that) she may be late for school. 她的父母担心她可能上学迟到。
(2) worry还可作名词，意为“担心；担忧”。no worries意为“没什么，不客气，没关系”，常用以回答别人的道谢。
—Thank you for posting the card to my mother 谢谢你把这张卡片寄给了我妈妈。
—No worries. 不客气。
【拓展】
(1) worry作及物动词，还可意为“使担心；使发愁”，常接表示人的名词或代词作宾语。
The naughty boy worries his teachers. 这个顽皮的男孩让他的老师很担心。
(2) worry还可作不及物动词，意为“担心；忧虑”。worry about意为“担心(某人或某事)“，相当于be worried about。
Don’t worry about me. I’m old enough. 别担心我，我足够大了。
(3) worried是形容词，意为“担忧的；担心的”。
She felt worried because her son wasn’t at home. 她因为儿子不在家而担心。
【对点训练】
—Which do you want to read, paper books or e-books
—Paper books. I ______my eyes.
A.talk about B.hear about
C.learn about D.worry about
10
辨析
something 表示“某事;某物”,通常用在肯定句中;还可以用在表示邀请、请求或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中 I have something to tell you. /Would you like something to eat
anything 表示“某事;某物”,通常用在否定句或疑问句中;还可以用在肯定句中,此时表示“任何事;任何东西” There isn't anything in the bottle. /You can take anything you like.
nothing 表示“没有任何东西”I looked carefully, but I found nothing.
everything 表示“每件事情;所有的事情”Everything is fine. Don't worry.
【对点训练】
1.—Did you find _____ funny in the book
—Yes. It talks about how to be a good kid.
A.nothing B.something
C.anything D.everything
2.My friend John knows ________ about football．He doesn't like it at all．
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
11
visit作及物动词，意为“参观; 拜访”。
She and her family visited Xi'an last summer.
去年夏天，她和她的家人参观了西安。
（1）visit还可用作名词，意为“参观;拜访”。常用短语：
pay/have a visit to...看望某人;去某地参观
I had/paid a visit to my grandparents in the countryside.
我去看望了在乡下的祖父母。
（2）visitor为名词，意为“游客;访问者”。
There are too many visitors to Hongyadong on May Day vacation.
五一假期有很多游客到洪崖洞游玩。
【对点训练】
Old Mr. Green doesn't feel ________ because some students visit him regularly.
A. sadly B. gently
C. lonely D. angrily
12
boring 意为“没趣的；令人厌倦（烦）的”。
He told us a story, but it was really boring.
他给我们讲了一个故事，但是它真的很没趣。
【辨析】 boring与bored
boring 指事物或人具有令人厌烦的特征; bored指人对某事物感到厌烦、无趣。
I'm bored with what he said to me.
我对他对我所说的话感到厌烦。
What he said is boring.
他说的事情很没趣。
13
surprise作名词,意为“惊奇;惊讶”,可以作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词。如:
He looked at me in surprise.他惊讶地看着我。
I got a surprise when I saw the bill.一看到账单我就吃了一惊。
【拓展】
surprise还可以作动词,意为“使吃惊;使惊讶”,通常作及物动词,其后可以直接跟宾语。如:
His story surprised everyone.他的故事使每个人都惊讶。
【拓展】
【对点训练】
We weren't ______ (surprise)that she won the talent competition. She sings very well.
14
teach动词，意为“教授”，过去式为taught。teach sb. sth. 教某人某事； teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事；teach oneself 自学
I teach you English.
I teach you to learn English.
I teach myself English.
15
enjoy 动词，意为“喜欢；欣赏；享受”，enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,其中enjoy后若跟动词,只能跟动名词。enjoy oneself 意为“过得开心”，相当于have a good time。
Most boys enjoy playing computer games.大多数男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。
We enjoyed ourselves .我们玩得很开心。
【拓展】
【对点训练】
My sister is a book lover and she enjoys _____ very much.
A.read B.reading C.to read
16
辨析 one, it, that
one 用来指代前面提到的同类事物中的任何一个,表泛指,相当于“a/an+单数可数名词”
it 指代上文中出现过的特定事物,即“同一事物”
that 用来指代前面提到过的单数可数名词或不可数名词,相当
于“the+单数可数名词/不可数名词”;为避免重复,than后通常用that
I don't have any stamps. Can you give me one
我没有邮票了。你能给我一枚吗
Can you see the bird in the tree I like it.
你看到树上的那只鸟了吗 我喜欢它。
The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.
我们学校的图书馆比你们学校的大。
17
spend, take, cost, pay
spend spend的主语是人,常用于以下结构:spend money on(doing)sth.“在(做)……上花钱”;spend time on sth./(in)doing sth.“花费时间在某事上/做某事”
take take的常见用法:It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”
cost cost的主语是物,表示“花费”,常见用法:sth. cost(s)
(sb.)+金钱“某物花费(某人)多少钱”
pay pay的主语是人,基本用法:pay money for sth.付钱买某物
I spent two hours on this problem.
这个问题花了我两个小时。
It took him the whole afternoon to repair the car.
他花了整个下午修这辆小汽车。
A new computer costs a lot of money.
一台新电脑要花很多钱。
He pays $200 a month for this apartment.
这套公寓他每月要付200美元。
【对点训练】
She'll ____ 20 yuan for the pen.
A.spend B.cost
C.pay D.take
一、根据句意及汉语提示写单词
1. A little bird entered through the open window to ________(加入) us for dinner last night.
2. It's too ________(寒冷的) outside. You'd better put on more clothes.
3Liu Cixin is the ________(作家) who wrote the science fiction novel The Three- Body Problem.
4. Can I ________(转向) right at the second crossing
5.Be quiet. The baby is ________(睡觉) in the bedroom now.
6. The man is happily __________(描述) what he saw during his winter vacation.
7.Jackie Chan is not only an ________ (演员) but also a singer.
8.You can take the book and it's ________(免费的).
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The ban is at the end of the street and you can find it ________(easy).
2. Look! It is ________(cloud) today. It is going to rain.
3. Li Fang is one of the most beautiful ________(teach) in our country.
4. The weather report says it will be ________ (sun) in the following two days.
5. There are two ________(hospital) in the neighborhood.
6. There are two _____________(mountain) in front of our village(村子).
7. The baby has two ________(tooth) already.
8. Can you tell me ________(Tom) hobby(爱好)
9. Chinese scientists have successfully cloned (克隆) two ________(monkey). They are named Zhong zhong and Huahua.
10. There are many ________(bus) at the station.
三、单项选择
1. The Greens like the quietness in the countryside. The city is too ________ for them.
A. comfortable B. dangerous
C. noisy D. perfect
2.I have two ________ and three bottles of ________ here.
A. orange; orange B. oranges; oranges
C. oranges; orange D. orange; oranges
3.Every evening Mr. King takes a ________ to his home.
A. 25 minutes’ walk B. 25 minute’s walk
C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk
4.Help yourself to ________.
A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple
C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples
5.Mr Wu keeps ________ his students that the future belongs to the well -educated.
A. telling B. to tell
C. ordering D. to order
6.You're new here and it's ________ of you to bring a map.
A. smart B. strict C. beautiful D. true
7.—Helen, don't ________ to come here before 6: 30.
—OK. I'll arrive on time.
A. learn B. want
C. forget D. like
8. —Mom, I'm hungry. Is there ________ to eat
—Yes, you can have some bread on the table.
A. something B. nothing
C. anything D. everything
9. I don't like this TV program(节目). It's ________.
A. fun B. great
C. boring D. relaxing
10. You'd better leave ________, or trouble will come to you.
A. lively B. friendly
C. heavily D. quickly
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
