2024年译林版八年级下册历年期末考试任务型阅读专练（含部分解析）
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2024年译林版八年级下册历年期末考试任务型阅读专练
题号 一 总分
得分
任务型阅读-简答：
1. A natural resource is anything people can use from nature. People cannot make natural resources, but get them from the earth. Examples of natural resources are air, water, copper, wood, oil, wind energy, iron and coal. Refined (精炼的) oil is not a natural resource because people make it.
We often say that we can divide natural resources into two different groups: renewable resources and non-renewable resources.
A renewable resource can grow again and come back again after we use it. For example, sunlight, water and wood are renewable resources.
A non-renewable resource is a resource that cannot grow or come back, or a resource that will take a very long time to come back. For example, coal is a non-renewable resource. When we use more coal, there will be less coal afterward. One day, there will be no coal to make goods. The non-renewable resource can be used up directly, or we can find a renewable resource to replace it. It is important to save non-renewable resources, because if we use them too quickly, there will not be enough in the future.
Most natural resources are limited. This means that they will run out. But a perpetual (长久的；无尽的) resource won't. Some examples of perpetual resources include solar energy, tidal (潮汐的) energy and wind energy. Other examples are salt, stone and diamonds.
(1) Where can we get natural resources like air, water and oil _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) What isn't included in natural resources according to Paragraph 1 _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) How many groups can natural resources be divided into _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) Why do we say most natural resources are limited _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What do you think is the best title for the passage (请自拟一句话作答) _______________________________________________________________________________
2. One of my patients, a successful businessman, tells me that before he fell ill he wasn't happy. Happiness was "having the cookie". Only if you had the cookie could things be good.
Unluckily, the cookie kept changing. Some of the time it was money, sometimes power, sometimes fancy things.
A year and a half after his diagnosis (诊断) of cancer, he sits in my office shaking his head. "It's like I stopped learning how to live after I was a kid. When I give my son a cookie, he is happy. If I take the cookie away or it breaks, he is unhappy. But he is 2 years old and I am 43. It has taken me this long to understand that the cookie will never make me happy for long," he says, "The minute you have the cookie, you start to worry about someone trying to take it away from you."
My patient laughs and says cancer has changed him. For the first time he is happy. No matter if his business is doing well or not, no matter if he wins or loses at golf. "Two years ago, cancer asked me, 'What is really important ' Well, life is important—life with the cookie, life without the cookie. Happiness doesn't have anything to do with the cookie; it has something to do with being alive," he pauses thoughtfully, "I guess life is the cookie."
每题不多于5个词。
(1) What was "the cookie" for the businessman before he fell ill
(2) How does the patient's 2-year-old son feel when he gets a cookie _____
(3) What makes the patient change his mind to be happy
(4) What question did the patient start to think about after he got cancer
(5) What does the patient think happiness is at present
3. Lily was a cheerful girl. She always had a big smile on her face. One day, she noticed an old man named Grumble sitting beside a river. The old man looked sad. Lily wanted to make him smile, so she walked up to him with a friendly greeting. "Good morning, Mr. Grumble! Why the long face " she asked.
Grumble said, "What's there to be happy about, young one Life is full of troubles." Lily laughed and replied, "Troubles are like big and scary thunderclouds, Mr. Grumble. But just like clouds, they pass, making way for the sun to shine again. You should try looking on the bright side!"
Lily made a bet with Grumble, saying, "I bet I can make you smile by the end of the day." Grumble challenged her, "You're welcome to try, but it won't be easy."
For the rest of the day, Lily did all kinds of funny and silly things to make Grumble laugh. She told jokes, sang like nobody was watching, and even made faces. However, Grumble was still unhappy. As the sun began to set, Lily decided to give it one last try. She took a deep breath and broke into a joyous dance.
Surprisingly, Grumble couldn't help it. He let out a chuckle (咯咯笑声), and then another. Before he knew it, he was laughing heartily, his sadness giving way to happiness. Lily had won the contest, but more importantly, she showed Grumble that becoming cheerful was not difficult.
Happiness is a choice, and we can find it.
(1) What was Mr. Grumble like as Lily walked up to him
(2) Why did Lily see troubles as thunderclouds
(3) What does the story teach us
4. One night, John came into the stable, calling, "Wake up, Beauty!"
He put my saddle and bridle on and rode up to the front door of the house. The Squire was there.
"John," he said, "Mrs Gordon is very ill. Ride to the doctor's and give him this note."
"Now, Beauty, do your best," said John.
I went as fast as possible.
When we arrived at Dr White's house, John told him: "Mrs Gordon is very ill. Squire Gordon thinks she is going to die. Please go to her immediately."
"Yes," said the doctor, "but my son has my horse. Can I have yours " he asked.
The doctor was heavier than John, and not such a good rider. But I did my very best and went as fast as possible.
When we got to Birtwick Park, Squire Gordon was at the door. The doctor went into the house with him, and Joe led me to the stable. I was glad to be home. My legs were shaking, and I was very wet. Joe was young and he forgot to put a warm blanket on me. Then he gave me cold water to drink. Soon all my body began to shake, and I felt very cold. A long time later John came back. He covered me with two or three warm blankets, and ran to the house for some hot water. He gave me some warm food, and then I think I went to sleep.
Over and over again, John said to himself: "Stupid boy! Stupid boy!"
I was now very sick, and John was nursing me night and day. The Squire came to see me. "Poor Beauty," he said one day. "You saved Mrs Gordon's life."
John said, "Black Beauty went so fast, he seemed to know what was wrong."
(1) Who was ill and needed a doctor ________________________________
(2) Where did Black Beauty and John arrive ________________________________
(3) How did Dr. White go to Mrs Gordon's home ________________________________
(4) Why was John nursing Black Beauty night and day ________________________________
(5) What did Black Beauty think of the doctor ________________________________
5. There is an old saying, "Take the time to stop and smell the flowers." I think we should also take the time to plant flowers.
My grandmother knew just how to do that. She grew flowers with earth, water and love, so her back garden was filled with beautiful flowers. She would smile when she saw the sun shine down on them. In her front garden she planted flowers, too. You could see red, white, and yellow flowers in it. My mum and I used to walk around in the front garden and enjoy the flowers' smells. Beautiful butterflies flew among them. Grandma also cared for wild flowers. She would send me and my brother out to pick flowers and would then turn them into delicious wine(酒).
Grandma not only planted flowers in the gardens but also planted flowers in our hearts. Her delicious dinners made with love encouraged us. Her sweet smiles always made us happy. Her hugs and kisses were the sunshine that kept our own love growing day after day.
Take the time to plant a few flowers yourself today. Show your smiles, kindness and love. Plant your wishes, talents and pleasure. Make this world brighter with your sunshine.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过5个词。
(1) What did Grandma grow flowers with
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2) Where did the writer and her mother use to walk
_______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What were the wild flowers used for
_______________________________________________________________________________
(4) What does the underlined word "sunshine" refer to
_______________________________________________________________________________
(5) How do you understand "Take the time to stop and smell the flowers"
_______________________________________________________________________________
6.
During the Warring States Period, the two highest officials of Zhao Kingdom were Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. Lian Po was the head of the army. He made sure the Kingdom of Zhao was safe. He was strong and proud. Lin Xiangru was the chief minister. He made sure that the country worked well.
Lin Xiangru had quickly become powerful in the country. The king of Zhao liked him very much. However, Lin Xiangru's quick rise made Lian Po jealous(嫉妒的).
Lian Po told his soldiers, "I had to risk my life in many battles to get where I am. But then this guy, Lin Xiangru, gets to the top by doing nothing!" Lian Po was so angry that he thought of a plan to embarrass(使尴尬) Lin Xiangru.
One day, Lin Xiangru went out in his carriage (马车). Soon he saw Lian Po's carriage coming toward him. He asked his servant(仆人) to quickly turn around. Lin Xiangru returned home. When other ministers heard about it, they laughed at him.
But Lin Xiangru said calmly, "Do you want to know why I did not want to meet Lian Po You may think I'm afraid of Lian Po. No. The conflict(冲突) between us is personal. As the chief minister, I make sure the country works correctly. As the head of the army, Lian Po makes sure that we stay safe. Together, we keep the country running smoothly. So, if other countries learn of our conflict, they might think that our country is weak.* Then they might attack and destroy us. So, I cannot let a personal matter destroy the whole country!"
Lian Po heard about what Lin Xiangru said. His jealousy turned to regret. He asked Lin Xiangru for forgiveness(原谅).
(1) What did Lin Xiangru do _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) What made Lian Po jealous of Lin Xiangru _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What might other ministers think of Lin Xiangru about his turning around in order not to meet Lian Po ________________________________________________________________
(4) What can we infer from the fifth paragraph _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What was Lian Po like according to the passage _______________________________________________________________________________
7.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important traditional festival in China. Here is how people usually celebrate it.
Reuniting(团聚) with Families
The Mid-Autumn Festival is a big day for the family reunion. People go back home and get together with their families. They share a fantastic meal together to enjoy this family re union time.
Admiring the Full Moon
The full moon is the symbol of a family reunion, reminding people of their hometown s and loved ones. After the family reunion dinner, people go outdoors to admire the full moon on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Eating Mooncakes
The Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as the Mooncake Festival. The round mooncakes symbolize the full moon, and they are given as the most popular gifts to relatives and friends.
Lighting and Hanging Up Lanterns
Chinese people believe the higher the lanterns are hung, the luckier the family will be. Every Mid-Autumn Festival, lanterns are hung in parks and other public places. The whole area is decorated with beautiful lighting.
Guessing Lantern Riddles
Besides hanging up lanterns outside, Chinese people usually write some interesting riddles on the lanterns and other people try to guess the answers. Nowadays, some Chinatown or southeast Asian countries would hold lantern riddle contests on the Mid-Autumn night.
Worshipping the Moon
People put a table outside under the moon on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Then they put mooncakes and fruits on the table, faced the moon, and prayed for fortune. This custom is still popular in some places in China.
(1) How many activities are mentioned about the Mid-Autumn Festival _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) What activities are related to the family reunion _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What is the most popular gift for people to give others during the Mid-Autumn Festival _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) Which activity requires thinking carefully during the Mid-Autumn Festival _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What is the purpose of Worshipping the Moon _______________________________________________________________________________
8.春联
Chunlian is a special type of duilian, or couplets. It is used only during the Chinese New Year as part of its celebration. Duilian is permanent(永恒的), while chunlian is a temporary decoration to be usually placed on the entrance of the house, a little similar to Halloween and Christmas decorations.
Chunlian is written on red paper with ink. Red is a very lucky color for Chinese people, which frightened off the Chinese New Year monster(怪兽) "Nian" who arrived at this time of the year and destroyed crops and homes.* "Nian" had three weaknesses: noise, sunshine, and the color red. So villagers made fires, set off firecrackers, and painted the doors to their houses red and placed red chunlian beside the doors. Red stands for good fortune, fame and riches for Chinese people.
Chunlian can be placed outside beside the main door and also inside in important rooms like the kitchen and the bedroom. It is usually there for two months after the Chinese New Year although many people leave it all year round for continuing good luck.
(1) What isduilian also called _________________________________________________
(2) Where ischunlian written _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What was "Nian" afraid of _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) What does the color "red" represent(代表) in China
_______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What does the underlined word "It" in the last paragraph refer to _______________________________________________________________________________
9.万年历
Wan Nian Li is the oldest solar calendar in ancient China. It is more like a guide and an important tool for farming and daily life of Chinese people.
It's said that in ancient times there was a young man named Wan Nian. He thought that there were natural rules for the change of seasons and climate, and wanted to find out the special rules of nature. When he climbed the mountain, he was inspired by the shadows(影子) of trees on the mountain, and made a sundial(日晷) that measures the shadow of the sun to fi x the time. As time went on, he found that every more than three hundred and sixty days, the length of the day would repeat itself.
When Wan Nian knew that the emperor of the Shang Dynasty, Zu Yi was worried because of the uncertainty of the time, he nominated(推荐) himself to create a calendar for the country and help all the people.
After the long-term study, Wan Nian worked out an exact calendar called "Tai Yang Li". When he presented it to the emperor, Wan Nian was an old man with white hair. The emperor was very moved. To praise the achievements of Wan Nian, he named the solar calendar as Wan Nian Li. In memory of(为了纪念) Wan Nian, people called the first day of a year as "Nian", so the Chinese New Year was born.
(1) What is Wan Nian Li _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) What was Wan Nian's purpose of making the sundial _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) Who asked Wan Nian to create a calendar _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) What is Wan Nian Li named after _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What do you think of Wan Nian _______________________________________________________________________________
10. US company Motorola created the first cell phone in 1973. The brick-sized phone could only make calls for 30 minutes. Today, we have 5G smartphones that look very different and can do a lot more. What will the future phones be like
Most foldable (可折叠的) phones today can only fold the screen up and down or left and right. But in the future, phones will be much more flexible (灵活的). In October 2023, Motorola put out a new phone. People can wear it like a bracelet (手环) and bend it into different shapes. Apple is also working on a way to make foldable screens with fewer creases.
Not only will the phones become flexible, but they will also be able to fix themselves. Professor Zhenan Bao from Stanford University made an electronic skin that can fix itself with heat and magnets (磁). This skin acts like human skin, stretching (拉伸) without tearing (撕破). If it is used to make phones, the technology could lead to devices that could fix scratches (划痕) by themselves.
People will also power phones in ways that are different from now. For example, using solar energy. In 2016, Kyocera Corporation from Japan and French company Sun Partner Technologies made a phone with solar panels (电池板) in the screen. It takes only three minutes to charge. But it still needs traditional batteries (电池). In the future, faster and independent solar charging could make solar-powered phones more popular.
(1) When did Motorola company put out a new phone ________________________________________________________________
(2) How long could the first Motorola phone make calls ________________________________________________________________
(3) What can an electronic skin do on a cell phone ________________________________________________________________
(4) What will make solar-powered phones more popular in the future ________________________________________________________________
(5) What the future phone may be like according to latest designs ________________________________________________________________
11. This is the example of hope and unlimited possibilities, This is proof that big dreams do come true. So don't let anybody tell you that you are ever past your prime.
—Preface
82-year-old Yang Benfen, known as a granny writer "by the stove", published her third book in February, Yang started writing in her 60s and published her first book Qiuyuan at 80. She spent most of her time writing in the kitchen and became a bestselling author.
Being asked about what makes her keep writing, she explained, "I realized that if those stories were not written down, all traces (痕迹) of my mother would be completely wiped out from the world sooner or later like dust on a table blown away by wind," she said. Thus, she started her writing journey while making meals for her family members.
She finished her first hand-written copy of book with more than 100,000 words in 2007. "It seems like a reunion (团聚) with many people who have left me in my memory." Yang described her writing process.
Later, Yang's daughter posted this copy of book online as a serial. Bad words and good words poured in. Those who disliked it said the story of a "nobody" is unworthy of being recorded, but some readers' support encouraged the granny writer to hold out for her dream. Yet the online serialized (连载的) novel did not get the attention of any publishers until more than ten years later. "She writes in gentle and simple words but describes the characters struggles with their destiny (命运), I was shocked that it was written by a green hand," said publisher Tu Zhigang. Her first work Qiuyuan was published in June 2020 and proved a big success. More than 90,000 copies have been sold so far. As for now, Granny Yang has no plans to stop. Her fourth book is on the way and she has learned how to use a computer, "I can write anytime, anywhere, and it is more convenient to improve my writing." "In old age, I am like a train on a new journey. An unimaginable force drives me forward. I know that the story under my pen is just a drop of water, and it will finally flow into the long river of human history." Yang said.
注意：回答时每题不得超过8个词
(1) When did the granny writer publish her first book Qiuyuan ________________________
(2) What makes the granny writer keep writing ___________________________________
(3) How do the readers like the book Qiuyuan __________________________________
(4) Why was publisher Tu Zhigang shocked when reading the novel _________________
(5) Do you think an elderly lady like Yang Benfen should begin to write novels Why or why not __________________________________
12. A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste theme store is about providing people with a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products to help them start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey.
"Zero waste" or "danshari" was first given by a French woman called Bea Johnson. "Live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different methods to protect the earth." she said.
Yu Yuan, 27, and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to be a customer without thinking a lot until she saw a video about "zero waste". The video is about a family of four, and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend.
Yu says that a zero-waste life followed the 6 R principle—Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot (腐烂).
Over August—October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6 R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.
Now, the couple have opened a small shop called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang (南锣鼓巷), Beijing, to support a zero-waste life.
At the store they use environmentally friendly products. For example, they use wood products to replace plastic ones and prepare cloth bags printed with zero-waste logos for customers. Most of the products sold in the store can be reused, and a small number of them which are not recyclable can degrade (分解). The store also has secondhand books and audio-visual CD/DVDs.
For used toiletries (洗漱用品) things like soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself, there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it.
Yu says that those who were once not interested in the zero-waste lifestyle have gradually changed because of curiosity. The zero-waste lifestyle, she adds, is for everyone. "It's around us at our fingertips." Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste. As the saying goes, many hands make light work.
(1) Who first gave the idea of "Zero waste" or "danshari"
(2) Where is the Bulk House
(3) What can you do to be environmentally friendly if you have some used toiletries
(4) How much rubbish do Bea Johnson and her boyfriend produce after they follow 6 R principle
(5) What do you think of a zero-waste life
13. "How do you get to school " This question often gets an answer like "by bus" or "walk" or "My parents take me by car." But not always — there are children in many different parts of the world who, every day, have to go on a difficult way to get to their lessons. They travel for kilometres on foot, bicycle, donkey or train. They cross deserts (沙漠), mountains, rivers, snow and ice: for example, a pupil at Gulu Village Primary School, China, rides a donkey as his grandfather walks beside him. The school is far away from the village. It is halfway up a mountain, so it takes five hours to climb from the bottom of the mountain to the school. The dangerous path is only 45 centimetres wide in some places. And they are not the only ones, kids in many countries do this and more.
Some children in Indonesia have to cross a bridge ten metres above a dangerous river to get to their class on time. (Some years ago the bridge fell down after a very heavy rain.) Then they walk many more kilometres through the forest to their school in Banten. The children of the Inupiat community in Alaska, the USA go to school and then come back when it is dark, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. Their teacher watches them carefully. Six-year-old Fabricio Oliveira gets on his donkey every morning to ride with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry Sert o area of Northeast Brazil. Their school is in Extrema. It's a tiny village — very few people live there.
So one question we can ask is: why do the children do this Because their parents make them do it The answer, in many cases, is no — it's because for them going to school means a better future: they hope to get a job so they can help their families and their neighbours. And this is why rivers, deserts or danger won't stop them on their way to school.
(1) How many countries are mentioned (提及) in the passage
(2) Why do teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully
(3) Besides the answers in the last paragraph, what else have these children got as they tried hard to overcome (克服) difficulties (at least two points)
14. Cheng Feng is a teacher. However, to many of her students, the 34-year-old teacher is more than that. Cheng s care for her students has made her "a mother" to them.
Over the past years, Cheng has gone into the mountains and worked in several poor schools in Poyang to help village children.
Right after graduation in 2011, Cheng became a teacher at Tutang Primary School in Youcheng Town of Poyang. Over the following four years, she did well at her job there.
Beitang Primary School is a poor school far away from her home. When Cheng found out it was going to close because of a lack (缺少) of teachers, she decided to give up her life at Tutang Primary School and go there.
After arriving there, she learned that because of the poor educational conditions, many local parents had sent their children to schools further away. Cheng tried her best to encourage seventeen students to return. She called upon her college classmates to offer a helping hand. To make the students life more colourful, Cheng learned music, sports and art courses online and then taught the students. As things got well at Beitang Primary School, Cheng went to Siwanghu Primary School.
Cheng s husband is 36 years old. He always supports Cheng s choice. He has also served as a teacher in Poyang over the years.
"We should help the children to see further and dream bigger," Cheng says.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。每题答案不超过 5个单词。
(1) What does Cheng Feng mean to many of her students _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) How many students did Cheng Feng encourage to return to Beitang Primary School _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What did Cheng Feng learn online to make the students'life more colourful _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) Who always supports Cheng Feng's choice to work in the poor schools _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What do you think of Cheng Feng （请自拟一句话作答）_______________________________________________________________________________
15.
We all know that running is good for our healthy. Have you ever thought that running is also good for the planet Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win-win situation.
Plogging is becoming increasingly popular after it started as an organizational activity in Sweden(瑞典). What is plogging It is a term referring to the act of picking up litter while jogging. The term "plogging" is created by combining the English word "jogging" and "plocka upp", a Swedish term that means "picking up".
A Swedish man called Eric Ahlstrom started the movement. After moving from a Swedish ski resort to Stockholm, Eric noticed a lot of litter when he rode to work each day. So, he decided to do something about it. In 2016, Eric began organizing groups to pick up rubbish while jogging, and thus "plogging" was born. It spread to other countries in 2018, following increased concern about plastic pollution.
Plogging is considered a perfect activity, as it is positive both for the body, and for the environment. There's no doubt that moving your body will do great things for your health, and plogging will also add some extra moves like squatting(蹲下) or bending(弯曲) your body. According to a research, plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories, while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns about 39 calories.
Plogging is a movement that anyone can join. To get started, choose plogging route that you know is heavily littered but still considered safe. Do not forget to bring your recyclable rubbish bags and gloves, as well as some hand sanitizer(消毒纸巾) if necessary. You can jog alone or in groups. You can do it early in the morning, or a bit before going to work, or even in the late afternoon. If you're not much of a jogger, that's okay! You can take a walk. Anything that suits you! It really does not matter whether you take a 2-mile jog or a 5-mile marathon, or just a 15-minute morning walk, the idea with plogging is that you do some physical exercise while helping to pick up litter!
Every day, about 2 million people plog in over 100 countries. If you have a pair of gloves, a rubbish bag, and enjoy being outside, plogging may be right for you!
(1) What is plogging _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) Who started the movement of plogging _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What do you need to bring when you plog _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) How many people plog in more than 100 countries every day _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) Why is plogging becoming popular _______________________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】
From nature. /From the earth.
【小题2】Refined oil.
【小题3】Two.
【小题4】Because they will run out.
【小题5】Natural resources
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
2.【答案】【小题1】Money, power or fancy things.
【小题2】Happy./He feels happy.
【小题3】Cancer./Cancer has changed him.
【小题4】What's really important？
【小题5】Being alive./To be alive.
【解析】1. 根据Unluckily, the cookie kept changing. Some of the time it was money, sometimes power, sometimes fancy things可知，商人生病前，他所追求的是金钱、权力和最昂贵的东西。故填Money, power or fancy things.
2. 根据When I give my son a cookie, he is happy可知，病人两岁的孩子得到甜饼后是开心的。故填Happy./He feels happy.
3. 根据My patient laughs and says cancer has changed him可知，癌症改变了商人对于幸福的理解。故填Cancer./Cancer has changed him.
4. 根据Two years ago, cancer asked me, 'What is really important '可知，商人得了癌症之后开始思索的问题是“什么才是真正地重要”。故填What's really important？
5. 根据Happiness doesn't have anything to do with the cookie; it has something to do with being alive," 可知，商人现在认为活着很幸福。故填Being alive./To be alive.
3.【答案】【小题1】He looked sad.
【小题2】Because trouble will pass just like clouds.
【小题3】Happiness is a choice, and we can find it.
【解析】1.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了快乐女孩Lily逗Mr. Grumble开心的故事。
根据第一段“The old man looked sad.”可知，Mr. Grumble看起来很伤心，故填He looked sad.
2.
根据第二段“But just like clouds, they pass, making way for the sun to shine again.”可知，Lily把烦恼看作乌云，因为它像乌云一样总会过去，故填Because trouble will pass just like clouds.
3.
根据最后一段“Happiness is a choice, and we can find it.”可知，文章想教会我们的就是“幸福是一种选择，我们都能寻找到它”，故填Happiness is a choice, and we can find it.
4.【答案】【小题1】Mrs Gordon.
【小题2】At Dr White's house.
【小题3】By riding a horse/Black Beauty.
【小题4】Because Black Beauty was very sick.
【小题5】He was (heavier than John and he was) not a good rider.
【解析】1.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章摘自小说《黑骏马》，主要讲述了约翰骑马去为生病的戈登夫人找医生，回来后马因没有得到良好的照顾也生病了，约翰细心照顾马的故事。
根据“Mrs Gordon is very ill. Ride to the doctor's and give him this note.”可知，戈登夫人生病了，需要一名医生。故填Mrs Gordon.
2.
根据“When we arrived at Dr White's house…”可知，约翰骑马来到了怀特医生家。故填At Dr White's house.
3.
根据“but my son has my horse. Can I have yours ”以及“The doctor was heavier than John, and not such a good rider. But I did my very best and went as fast as possible.”可知，怀特医生骑马/Black Beauty来到了戈登夫人家。故填By riding a horse/Black Beauty.
4.
根据“I was now very sick, and John was nursing me night and day.”可知，约翰日夜护理Black Beauty的原因是因为Black Beauty病的很严重。故填Because Black Beauty was very sick.
5.
根据“The doctor was heavier than John, and not such a good rider.”可知，Black Beauty认为医生比约翰重，也不是一个好骑手。故填He was (heavier than John and he was) not a good rider.
5.【答案】【小题1】Earth, water and love.
【小题2】In the front garden.
【小题3】For making delicious wine.
【小题4】Grandma's hugs and kisses.
【小题5】Enjoy our life.
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
6.【答案】【小题1】The chief minister.
【小题2】Lin Xiangru's quick rise.
【小题3】They didn't understand why Lin Xiangru did so./They thought Lin Xiangru was afraid of Lian Po.
【小题4】Lin Xiangru put his country first and had a wide heart.
【小题5】Lian Po was a good head of the army and bravely corrected his mistakes.
【解析】1. 由第一段第五句可知答案。故答案为The chief minister.
2. 由第二段最后一句可知，蔺相如的快速高升使廉颇嫉妒。故答案为Lin Xiangru's quick rise.
3. 由第四段以及第五段第一、二句可知，其他大臣可能会对蔺相如为什么避着不见廉颇不理解，会认为蔺相如怕廉颇。(答案不唯一，符合此意即可)。故答案为 They didn't understand why Lin Xiangru did so./They thought Lin Xiangru was afraid of Lian Po.
4. 由第五段蔺相如的话可知，蔺相如以国家为重，不与廉颇冲突，并且心胸宽广。(答案不唯一，符合此意即可)。故答案为Lin Xiangru put his country first and had a wide heart.
5. 由第一段可知，廉颇是一位好的军队首领；由最后一段可知，廉颇知错就改。(答案不唯一，符合此意即可) 。故答案为Lian Po was a good head of the army and bravely corrected his mistakes.
7.【答案】【小题1】Six.
【小题2】Reuniting with Families and Admiring the Full Moon.
【小题3】Mooncakes.
【小题4】Guessing Lantern Riddles.
【小题5】To pray for fortune.
【解析】1. 【文章大意】中秋节是中国一个重要的传统节日。本文主要介绍了人们通常庆祝中秋节的活动。
文章中每个小标题代表一项活动，共六项。故填Six.
2. 由第二段第二句和第三段第一句可知，前两项活动都与家人团聚有关。故填Reuniting with Families and Admiring the Full Moon.
3. 由第四段第二句可知，月饼是中秋节期间人们最喜欢送的礼物。Mooncakes.
4. 由第六段内容可知，猜灯谜更需要人们认真思考。故填Guessing Lantern Riddles.
5. 由最后一段第二句可知，拜月的目的是祈求好运。故填To pray for fortune.
8.【答案】【小题1】Couplets.
【小题2】On red paper.
【小题3】Noise, sunshine, and the color red.
【小题4】Good fortune, fame and riches.
【小题5】Chunlian.
【解析】1. 由第一段第一句可知，对联又被称为couplets。故填Couplets.
2. 由第二段第一句可知答案。故填On red paper.
3. 由第二段第三句可知，怪兽“年”害怕噪音、阳光和红色。故填Noise, sunshine, and the color red.
4. 由第二段最后一句可知，对中国人来说，红色代表好运、名誉和财富。故填Good fortune, fame and riches.
5. 由上下文可知，尽管许多人一整年都保留春联，但它通常在春节后被保留两个月。由此推出，It指代的是“春联”。故填Chunlian.
9.【答案】【小题1】It is a guide and an important tool for Chinese people to farm and live.
【小题2】
To fix the time.
【小题3】
Wan Nian himself.
【小题4】The name of its inventor./Its inventor Wan Nina.
【小题5】He was a scientist/an inventor with national feelings./He was clever and great...
【解析】1.
【文章大意】万年历是中国古代最古老的一部太阳历。传说万年历的名称来源于商朝一个名叫万年的人，他就是这部历法的编撰者，为赞扬他的功绩，当时的帝王将这部太阳历命名为“万年历”。
由第一段第二句可知，万年历是中国人农耕和日常生活的指南和重要工具。故填It is a guide and an important tool for Chinese people to farm and live.
2.
由第二段第三句可知，日晷是用来确定时间的工具。故填To fix the time.
3.
由第三段可知，万年是毛遂自荐为国家创造历法的。故填Wan Nian himself.
4.
由最后一段倒数第二句可知，为了赞扬万年的成就，当时的帝王将太阳历命名为万年历。故填The name of its inventor./Its inventor Wan Nina.
5. 由第三、四段可知，当万年得知商王祖乙因为时间的不确定性而忧心忡忡时，他毛遂自荐为国家创造一种历法，帮助大家，并最终得偿所愿。由此推出，他是一位伟大的、具有家国情怀的科学家或发明家。(答案不唯一，符合此意皆可)
10.【答案】【小题1】In October 2023.
【小题2】For 30 minutes.
【小题3】It can fix most problems with the cell phone./It can fix scratches on the phone.
【小题4】Faster and independent solar charging.
【小题5】Foldable/Flexible/Be able to fix themselves/Solar-powered/Short charging time.
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了可折叠手机。
根据“In October 2023, Motorola put out a new phone.”可知，2023年10月，摩托罗拉推出了一款新手机。故填In October 2023.
2. 根据“US company Motorola created the first cell phone in 1973. The brick-sized phone could only make calls for 30 minutes.”可知，摩托罗拉的第一部手机能打30分钟电话。故填For 30 minutes.
3. 根据“Professor Zhenan Bao from Stanford University made an electronic skin that can fix itself with heat and magnets (磁). ... If it is used to make phones, the technology could lead to devices that could fix scratches (划痕) by themselves.”可知，手机上的电子皮肤可以自我修复手机的问题，也能够自己修复手机上的划痕。故填It can fix most problems with the cell phone./It can fix scratches on the phone.
4. 根据“In the future, faster and independent solar charging could make solar-powered phones more popular.”可知，未来，更快更独立的太阳能充电技术可能会让太阳能手机更受欢迎。故填Faster and independent solar charging.
5. 根据“Most foldable (可折叠的) phones today can only fold the screen up and down or left and right. But in the future, phones will be much more flexible (灵活的).”、“Not only will the phones become flexible, but they will also be able to fix themselves.”、“In the future, faster and independent solar charging could make solar-powered phones more popular.”及“It takes only three minutes to charge.”可知，未来的手机可能能够折叠，并且更灵活，还能够自我修复、也能够用太阳能充电，充电时间也会更短。故填Foldable/Flexible/Be able to fix themselves/Solar-powered/Short charging time.
11.【答案】【小题1】In June 2020.
【小题2】To keep her mother's traces.
【小题3】Some supported it, others disliked it.
【小题4】Because it was written by a green hand.
【小题5】Yes, because it's never too late to begin.
【解析】1. 根据文中“Her first work Qiuyuan was published in June 2020 and proved a big success.”可知，她的第一部作品《秋园》于2020年6月出版，并取得了巨大成功，故填In June 2020.
2. 根据文中“I realized that if those stories were not written down, all traces (痕迹) of my mother would be completely wiped out from the world sooner or later like dust on a table blown away by wind,”可知，这位老奶奶作家一直在写作是为了留下她母亲的痕迹，故填To keep her mother's traces.
3. 根据文中Bad words and good words poured in. Those who disliked it said the story of a "nobody" is unworthy of being recorded, but some readers' support encouraged the granny writer to hold out for her dream.可知，一些人支持，一些人不喜欢，故填Some supported it, others disliked it.
4. 根据文中“I was shocked that it was written by a green hand”可知，出版人涂志刚很震惊这是一个新手写的，故填Because it was written by a green hand.
5. 开放型试题，答案合理即可。故填Yes, because it's never too late to begin.
12.【答案】【小题1】A French woman called Bea Johnson.
【小题2】 In Nanluoguxiang, Beijing.
【小题3】I can mails them to a company which accepts them.
【小题4】 They both produced only two cans of rubbish.
【小题5】I think it is good for protecting the environment.
【解析】1. 根据“'Zero waste' or 'danshari' was first given by a French woman called Bea Johnson.”可知“零浪费”一词由法国女士比娅·约翰逊首次提出。故答案为A French woman called Bea Johnson.
2. 根据“Now, the couple have opened a small shop called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang (南锣鼓巷), Beijing”可知The Bulk House开在北京南锣鼓巷。故答案为In Nanluoguxiang, Beijing.
3. 根据“For used toiletries (洗漱用品) things ... there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it.”可知有一家公司会接受用过的洗漱用品，可以把它们邮寄给这家公司。故答案为I can mails them to a company which accepts them.
4. 根据“Over August—October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.”可知，比娅·约翰逊和她的男朋友都只生产了两罐垃圾。故答案为They both produced only two cans of rubbish.
5. 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。故答案为I think it is good for protecting the environment.
13.【答案】【小题1】The passage mentions five countries: China，Indonesia, the USA, Sri Lanka and Brazil.
【小题2】Teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully because some of them have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning, which could pose a danger. The teacher's careful observation ensures the safety of the children.
【小题3】In addition to the hope for a better future, these children have developed resilience and a sense of responsibility towards their families and communities. They demonstrate courage and determination in overcoming challenges, showing strong and brave qualities.
【解析】1. 根据第一段“for example, a pupil at Gulu Village Primary School, China, rides a donkey as his grandfather walks beside him.”；第二段“ Some children in Indonesia have to cross a bridge ten metres above a dangerous river to get to their class on time. ”以及“The children of the Inupiat community in Alaska, the USA go to school and then come back when it is dark, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning.”以及“In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. ”和“Six-year-old Fabricio Oliveira gets on his donkey every morning to ride with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry Sert o area of Northeast Brazil.”可知，文章提到了五个国家，分别是：中国、印度尼西亚、美国、斯里兰卡和巴西，故答案为The passage mentions five countries: China，Indonesia, the USA, Sri Lanka and Brazil.
2. 根据第二段“In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. ”可知，斯里兰卡的老师们对孩子们非常小心是因为他们中的一些人每天早上必须穿过一座古老城堡的两堵墙之间的一块木头，这可能会带来危险，故答案为Teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully because some of them have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning, which could pose a danger. The teacher's careful observation ensures the safety of the children.
3. 开放性作答，言之成理即可，故答案为In addition to the hope for a better future, these children have developed resilience and a sense of responsibility towards their families and communities. They demonstrate courage and determination in overcoming challenges, showing strong and brave qualities.
14.【答案】【小题1】She is like a mother.
【小题2】17 (students)./Seventeen.
【小题3】Music, sports and art courses.
【小题4】Her husband./Cheng Feng's husband.
【小题5】She is selfless and hard-working.
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了程风去贫困学校教书的事迹。
略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
15.【答案】【小题1】It is a term referring to the act of picking up litter while jogging.
【小题2】A Swedish man called Eric Ahlstrom.
【小题3】Recyclable rubbish bags and gloves, as well as some hand sanitizer.
【小题4】About 2 million.
【小题5】Because it is good for the body and the environment.
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
第1页，共1页
题号 一 总分
得分
任务型阅读-简答：
1. A natural resource is anything people can use from nature. People cannot make natural resources, but get them from the earth. Examples of natural resources are air, water, copper, wood, oil, wind energy, iron and coal. Refined (精炼的) oil is not a natural resource because people make it.
We often say that we can divide natural resources into two different groups: renewable resources and non-renewable resources.
A renewable resource can grow again and come back again after we use it. For example, sunlight, water and wood are renewable resources.
A non-renewable resource is a resource that cannot grow or come back, or a resource that will take a very long time to come back. For example, coal is a non-renewable resource. When we use more coal, there will be less coal afterward. One day, there will be no coal to make goods. The non-renewable resource can be used up directly, or we can find a renewable resource to replace it. It is important to save non-renewable resources, because if we use them too quickly, there will not be enough in the future.
Most natural resources are limited. This means that they will run out. But a perpetual (长久的；无尽的) resource won't. Some examples of perpetual resources include solar energy, tidal (潮汐的) energy and wind energy. Other examples are salt, stone and diamonds.
(1) Where can we get natural resources like air, water and oil _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) What isn't included in natural resources according to Paragraph 1 _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) How many groups can natural resources be divided into _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) Why do we say most natural resources are limited _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What do you think is the best title for the passage (请自拟一句话作答) _______________________________________________________________________________
2. One of my patients, a successful businessman, tells me that before he fell ill he wasn't happy. Happiness was "having the cookie". Only if you had the cookie could things be good.
Unluckily, the cookie kept changing. Some of the time it was money, sometimes power, sometimes fancy things.
A year and a half after his diagnosis (诊断) of cancer, he sits in my office shaking his head. "It's like I stopped learning how to live after I was a kid. When I give my son a cookie, he is happy. If I take the cookie away or it breaks, he is unhappy. But he is 2 years old and I am 43. It has taken me this long to understand that the cookie will never make me happy for long," he says, "The minute you have the cookie, you start to worry about someone trying to take it away from you."
My patient laughs and says cancer has changed him. For the first time he is happy. No matter if his business is doing well or not, no matter if he wins or loses at golf. "Two years ago, cancer asked me, 'What is really important ' Well, life is important—life with the cookie, life without the cookie. Happiness doesn't have anything to do with the cookie; it has something to do with being alive," he pauses thoughtfully, "I guess life is the cookie."
每题不多于5个词。
(1) What was "the cookie" for the businessman before he fell ill
(2) How does the patient's 2-year-old son feel when he gets a cookie _____
(3) What makes the patient change his mind to be happy
(4) What question did the patient start to think about after he got cancer
(5) What does the patient think happiness is at present
3. Lily was a cheerful girl. She always had a big smile on her face. One day, she noticed an old man named Grumble sitting beside a river. The old man looked sad. Lily wanted to make him smile, so she walked up to him with a friendly greeting. "Good morning, Mr. Grumble! Why the long face " she asked.
Grumble said, "What's there to be happy about, young one Life is full of troubles." Lily laughed and replied, "Troubles are like big and scary thunderclouds, Mr. Grumble. But just like clouds, they pass, making way for the sun to shine again. You should try looking on the bright side!"
Lily made a bet with Grumble, saying, "I bet I can make you smile by the end of the day." Grumble challenged her, "You're welcome to try, but it won't be easy."
For the rest of the day, Lily did all kinds of funny and silly things to make Grumble laugh. She told jokes, sang like nobody was watching, and even made faces. However, Grumble was still unhappy. As the sun began to set, Lily decided to give it one last try. She took a deep breath and broke into a joyous dance.
Surprisingly, Grumble couldn't help it. He let out a chuckle (咯咯笑声), and then another. Before he knew it, he was laughing heartily, his sadness giving way to happiness. Lily had won the contest, but more importantly, she showed Grumble that becoming cheerful was not difficult.
Happiness is a choice, and we can find it.
(1) What was Mr. Grumble like as Lily walked up to him
(2) Why did Lily see troubles as thunderclouds
(3) What does the story teach us
4. One night, John came into the stable, calling, "Wake up, Beauty!"
He put my saddle and bridle on and rode up to the front door of the house. The Squire was there.
"John," he said, "Mrs Gordon is very ill. Ride to the doctor's and give him this note."
"Now, Beauty, do your best," said John.
I went as fast as possible.
When we arrived at Dr White's house, John told him: "Mrs Gordon is very ill. Squire Gordon thinks she is going to die. Please go to her immediately."
"Yes," said the doctor, "but my son has my horse. Can I have yours " he asked.
The doctor was heavier than John, and not such a good rider. But I did my very best and went as fast as possible.
When we got to Birtwick Park, Squire Gordon was at the door. The doctor went into the house with him, and Joe led me to the stable. I was glad to be home. My legs were shaking, and I was very wet. Joe was young and he forgot to put a warm blanket on me. Then he gave me cold water to drink. Soon all my body began to shake, and I felt very cold. A long time later John came back. He covered me with two or three warm blankets, and ran to the house for some hot water. He gave me some warm food, and then I think I went to sleep.
Over and over again, John said to himself: "Stupid boy! Stupid boy!"
I was now very sick, and John was nursing me night and day. The Squire came to see me. "Poor Beauty," he said one day. "You saved Mrs Gordon's life."
John said, "Black Beauty went so fast, he seemed to know what was wrong."
(1) Who was ill and needed a doctor ________________________________
(2) Where did Black Beauty and John arrive ________________________________
(3) How did Dr. White go to Mrs Gordon's home ________________________________
(4) Why was John nursing Black Beauty night and day ________________________________
(5) What did Black Beauty think of the doctor ________________________________
5. There is an old saying, "Take the time to stop and smell the flowers." I think we should also take the time to plant flowers.
My grandmother knew just how to do that. She grew flowers with earth, water and love, so her back garden was filled with beautiful flowers. She would smile when she saw the sun shine down on them. In her front garden she planted flowers, too. You could see red, white, and yellow flowers in it. My mum and I used to walk around in the front garden and enjoy the flowers' smells. Beautiful butterflies flew among them. Grandma also cared for wild flowers. She would send me and my brother out to pick flowers and would then turn them into delicious wine(酒).
Grandma not only planted flowers in the gardens but also planted flowers in our hearts. Her delicious dinners made with love encouraged us. Her sweet smiles always made us happy. Her hugs and kisses were the sunshine that kept our own love growing day after day.
Take the time to plant a few flowers yourself today. Show your smiles, kindness and love. Plant your wishes, talents and pleasure. Make this world brighter with your sunshine.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过5个词。
(1) What did Grandma grow flowers with
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2) Where did the writer and her mother use to walk
_______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What were the wild flowers used for
_______________________________________________________________________________
(4) What does the underlined word "sunshine" refer to
_______________________________________________________________________________
(5) How do you understand "Take the time to stop and smell the flowers"
_______________________________________________________________________________
6.
During the Warring States Period, the two highest officials of Zhao Kingdom were Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. Lian Po was the head of the army. He made sure the Kingdom of Zhao was safe. He was strong and proud. Lin Xiangru was the chief minister. He made sure that the country worked well.
Lin Xiangru had quickly become powerful in the country. The king of Zhao liked him very much. However, Lin Xiangru's quick rise made Lian Po jealous(嫉妒的).
Lian Po told his soldiers, "I had to risk my life in many battles to get where I am. But then this guy, Lin Xiangru, gets to the top by doing nothing!" Lian Po was so angry that he thought of a plan to embarrass(使尴尬) Lin Xiangru.
One day, Lin Xiangru went out in his carriage (马车). Soon he saw Lian Po's carriage coming toward him. He asked his servant(仆人) to quickly turn around. Lin Xiangru returned home. When other ministers heard about it, they laughed at him.
But Lin Xiangru said calmly, "Do you want to know why I did not want to meet Lian Po You may think I'm afraid of Lian Po. No. The conflict(冲突) between us is personal. As the chief minister, I make sure the country works correctly. As the head of the army, Lian Po makes sure that we stay safe. Together, we keep the country running smoothly. So, if other countries learn of our conflict, they might think that our country is weak.* Then they might attack and destroy us. So, I cannot let a personal matter destroy the whole country!"
Lian Po heard about what Lin Xiangru said. His jealousy turned to regret. He asked Lin Xiangru for forgiveness(原谅).
(1) What did Lin Xiangru do _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) What made Lian Po jealous of Lin Xiangru _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What might other ministers think of Lin Xiangru about his turning around in order not to meet Lian Po ________________________________________________________________
(4) What can we infer from the fifth paragraph _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What was Lian Po like according to the passage _______________________________________________________________________________
7.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important traditional festival in China. Here is how people usually celebrate it.
Reuniting(团聚) with Families
The Mid-Autumn Festival is a big day for the family reunion. People go back home and get together with their families. They share a fantastic meal together to enjoy this family re union time.
Admiring the Full Moon
The full moon is the symbol of a family reunion, reminding people of their hometown s and loved ones. After the family reunion dinner, people go outdoors to admire the full moon on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Eating Mooncakes
The Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as the Mooncake Festival. The round mooncakes symbolize the full moon, and they are given as the most popular gifts to relatives and friends.
Lighting and Hanging Up Lanterns
Chinese people believe the higher the lanterns are hung, the luckier the family will be. Every Mid-Autumn Festival, lanterns are hung in parks and other public places. The whole area is decorated with beautiful lighting.
Guessing Lantern Riddles
Besides hanging up lanterns outside, Chinese people usually write some interesting riddles on the lanterns and other people try to guess the answers. Nowadays, some Chinatown or southeast Asian countries would hold lantern riddle contests on the Mid-Autumn night.
Worshipping the Moon
People put a table outside under the moon on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Then they put mooncakes and fruits on the table, faced the moon, and prayed for fortune. This custom is still popular in some places in China.
(1) How many activities are mentioned about the Mid-Autumn Festival _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) What activities are related to the family reunion _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What is the most popular gift for people to give others during the Mid-Autumn Festival _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) Which activity requires thinking carefully during the Mid-Autumn Festival _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What is the purpose of Worshipping the Moon _______________________________________________________________________________
8.春联
Chunlian is a special type of duilian, or couplets. It is used only during the Chinese New Year as part of its celebration. Duilian is permanent(永恒的), while chunlian is a temporary decoration to be usually placed on the entrance of the house, a little similar to Halloween and Christmas decorations.
Chunlian is written on red paper with ink. Red is a very lucky color for Chinese people, which frightened off the Chinese New Year monster(怪兽) "Nian" who arrived at this time of the year and destroyed crops and homes.* "Nian" had three weaknesses: noise, sunshine, and the color red. So villagers made fires, set off firecrackers, and painted the doors to their houses red and placed red chunlian beside the doors. Red stands for good fortune, fame and riches for Chinese people.
Chunlian can be placed outside beside the main door and also inside in important rooms like the kitchen and the bedroom. It is usually there for two months after the Chinese New Year although many people leave it all year round for continuing good luck.
(1) What isduilian also called _________________________________________________
(2) Where ischunlian written _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What was "Nian" afraid of _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) What does the color "red" represent(代表) in China
_______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What does the underlined word "It" in the last paragraph refer to _______________________________________________________________________________
9.万年历
Wan Nian Li is the oldest solar calendar in ancient China. It is more like a guide and an important tool for farming and daily life of Chinese people.
It's said that in ancient times there was a young man named Wan Nian. He thought that there were natural rules for the change of seasons and climate, and wanted to find out the special rules of nature. When he climbed the mountain, he was inspired by the shadows(影子) of trees on the mountain, and made a sundial(日晷) that measures the shadow of the sun to fi x the time. As time went on, he found that every more than three hundred and sixty days, the length of the day would repeat itself.
When Wan Nian knew that the emperor of the Shang Dynasty, Zu Yi was worried because of the uncertainty of the time, he nominated(推荐) himself to create a calendar for the country and help all the people.
After the long-term study, Wan Nian worked out an exact calendar called "Tai Yang Li". When he presented it to the emperor, Wan Nian was an old man with white hair. The emperor was very moved. To praise the achievements of Wan Nian, he named the solar calendar as Wan Nian Li. In memory of(为了纪念) Wan Nian, people called the first day of a year as "Nian", so the Chinese New Year was born.
(1) What is Wan Nian Li _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) What was Wan Nian's purpose of making the sundial _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) Who asked Wan Nian to create a calendar _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) What is Wan Nian Li named after _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What do you think of Wan Nian _______________________________________________________________________________
10. US company Motorola created the first cell phone in 1973. The brick-sized phone could only make calls for 30 minutes. Today, we have 5G smartphones that look very different and can do a lot more. What will the future phones be like
Most foldable (可折叠的) phones today can only fold the screen up and down or left and right. But in the future, phones will be much more flexible (灵活的). In October 2023, Motorola put out a new phone. People can wear it like a bracelet (手环) and bend it into different shapes. Apple is also working on a way to make foldable screens with fewer creases.
Not only will the phones become flexible, but they will also be able to fix themselves. Professor Zhenan Bao from Stanford University made an electronic skin that can fix itself with heat and magnets (磁). This skin acts like human skin, stretching (拉伸) without tearing (撕破). If it is used to make phones, the technology could lead to devices that could fix scratches (划痕) by themselves.
People will also power phones in ways that are different from now. For example, using solar energy. In 2016, Kyocera Corporation from Japan and French company Sun Partner Technologies made a phone with solar panels (电池板) in the screen. It takes only three minutes to charge. But it still needs traditional batteries (电池). In the future, faster and independent solar charging could make solar-powered phones more popular.
(1) When did Motorola company put out a new phone ________________________________________________________________
(2) How long could the first Motorola phone make calls ________________________________________________________________
(3) What can an electronic skin do on a cell phone ________________________________________________________________
(4) What will make solar-powered phones more popular in the future ________________________________________________________________
(5) What the future phone may be like according to latest designs ________________________________________________________________
11. This is the example of hope and unlimited possibilities, This is proof that big dreams do come true. So don't let anybody tell you that you are ever past your prime.
—Preface
82-year-old Yang Benfen, known as a granny writer "by the stove", published her third book in February, Yang started writing in her 60s and published her first book Qiuyuan at 80. She spent most of her time writing in the kitchen and became a bestselling author.
Being asked about what makes her keep writing, she explained, "I realized that if those stories were not written down, all traces (痕迹) of my mother would be completely wiped out from the world sooner or later like dust on a table blown away by wind," she said. Thus, she started her writing journey while making meals for her family members.
She finished her first hand-written copy of book with more than 100,000 words in 2007. "It seems like a reunion (团聚) with many people who have left me in my memory." Yang described her writing process.
Later, Yang's daughter posted this copy of book online as a serial. Bad words and good words poured in. Those who disliked it said the story of a "nobody" is unworthy of being recorded, but some readers' support encouraged the granny writer to hold out for her dream. Yet the online serialized (连载的) novel did not get the attention of any publishers until more than ten years later. "She writes in gentle and simple words but describes the characters struggles with their destiny (命运), I was shocked that it was written by a green hand," said publisher Tu Zhigang. Her first work Qiuyuan was published in June 2020 and proved a big success. More than 90,000 copies have been sold so far. As for now, Granny Yang has no plans to stop. Her fourth book is on the way and she has learned how to use a computer, "I can write anytime, anywhere, and it is more convenient to improve my writing." "In old age, I am like a train on a new journey. An unimaginable force drives me forward. I know that the story under my pen is just a drop of water, and it will finally flow into the long river of human history." Yang said.
注意：回答时每题不得超过8个词
(1) When did the granny writer publish her first book Qiuyuan ________________________
(2) What makes the granny writer keep writing ___________________________________
(3) How do the readers like the book Qiuyuan __________________________________
(4) Why was publisher Tu Zhigang shocked when reading the novel _________________
(5) Do you think an elderly lady like Yang Benfen should begin to write novels Why or why not __________________________________
12. A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste theme store is about providing people with a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products to help them start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey.
"Zero waste" or "danshari" was first given by a French woman called Bea Johnson. "Live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different methods to protect the earth." she said.
Yu Yuan, 27, and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to be a customer without thinking a lot until she saw a video about "zero waste". The video is about a family of four, and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend.
Yu says that a zero-waste life followed the 6 R principle—Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot (腐烂).
Over August—October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6 R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.
Now, the couple have opened a small shop called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang (南锣鼓巷), Beijing, to support a zero-waste life.
At the store they use environmentally friendly products. For example, they use wood products to replace plastic ones and prepare cloth bags printed with zero-waste logos for customers. Most of the products sold in the store can be reused, and a small number of them which are not recyclable can degrade (分解). The store also has secondhand books and audio-visual CD/DVDs.
For used toiletries (洗漱用品) things like soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself, there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it.
Yu says that those who were once not interested in the zero-waste lifestyle have gradually changed because of curiosity. The zero-waste lifestyle, she adds, is for everyone. "It's around us at our fingertips." Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste. As the saying goes, many hands make light work.
(1) Who first gave the idea of "Zero waste" or "danshari"
(2) Where is the Bulk House
(3) What can you do to be environmentally friendly if you have some used toiletries
(4) How much rubbish do Bea Johnson and her boyfriend produce after they follow 6 R principle
(5) What do you think of a zero-waste life
13. "How do you get to school " This question often gets an answer like "by bus" or "walk" or "My parents take me by car." But not always — there are children in many different parts of the world who, every day, have to go on a difficult way to get to their lessons. They travel for kilometres on foot, bicycle, donkey or train. They cross deserts (沙漠), mountains, rivers, snow and ice: for example, a pupil at Gulu Village Primary School, China, rides a donkey as his grandfather walks beside him. The school is far away from the village. It is halfway up a mountain, so it takes five hours to climb from the bottom of the mountain to the school. The dangerous path is only 45 centimetres wide in some places. And they are not the only ones, kids in many countries do this and more.
Some children in Indonesia have to cross a bridge ten metres above a dangerous river to get to their class on time. (Some years ago the bridge fell down after a very heavy rain.) Then they walk many more kilometres through the forest to their school in Banten. The children of the Inupiat community in Alaska, the USA go to school and then come back when it is dark, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. Their teacher watches them carefully. Six-year-old Fabricio Oliveira gets on his donkey every morning to ride with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry Sert o area of Northeast Brazil. Their school is in Extrema. It's a tiny village — very few people live there.
So one question we can ask is: why do the children do this Because their parents make them do it The answer, in many cases, is no — it's because for them going to school means a better future: they hope to get a job so they can help their families and their neighbours. And this is why rivers, deserts or danger won't stop them on their way to school.
(1) How many countries are mentioned (提及) in the passage
(2) Why do teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully
(3) Besides the answers in the last paragraph, what else have these children got as they tried hard to overcome (克服) difficulties (at least two points)
14. Cheng Feng is a teacher. However, to many of her students, the 34-year-old teacher is more than that. Cheng s care for her students has made her "a mother" to them.
Over the past years, Cheng has gone into the mountains and worked in several poor schools in Poyang to help village children.
Right after graduation in 2011, Cheng became a teacher at Tutang Primary School in Youcheng Town of Poyang. Over the following four years, she did well at her job there.
Beitang Primary School is a poor school far away from her home. When Cheng found out it was going to close because of a lack (缺少) of teachers, she decided to give up her life at Tutang Primary School and go there.
After arriving there, she learned that because of the poor educational conditions, many local parents had sent their children to schools further away. Cheng tried her best to encourage seventeen students to return. She called upon her college classmates to offer a helping hand. To make the students life more colourful, Cheng learned music, sports and art courses online and then taught the students. As things got well at Beitang Primary School, Cheng went to Siwanghu Primary School.
Cheng s husband is 36 years old. He always supports Cheng s choice. He has also served as a teacher in Poyang over the years.
"We should help the children to see further and dream bigger," Cheng says.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。每题答案不超过 5个单词。
(1) What does Cheng Feng mean to many of her students _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) How many students did Cheng Feng encourage to return to Beitang Primary School _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What did Cheng Feng learn online to make the students'life more colourful _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) Who always supports Cheng Feng's choice to work in the poor schools _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) What do you think of Cheng Feng （请自拟一句话作答）_______________________________________________________________________________
15.
We all know that running is good for our healthy. Have you ever thought that running is also good for the planet Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win-win situation.
Plogging is becoming increasingly popular after it started as an organizational activity in Sweden(瑞典). What is plogging It is a term referring to the act of picking up litter while jogging. The term "plogging" is created by combining the English word "jogging" and "plocka upp", a Swedish term that means "picking up".
A Swedish man called Eric Ahlstrom started the movement. After moving from a Swedish ski resort to Stockholm, Eric noticed a lot of litter when he rode to work each day. So, he decided to do something about it. In 2016, Eric began organizing groups to pick up rubbish while jogging, and thus "plogging" was born. It spread to other countries in 2018, following increased concern about plastic pollution.
Plogging is considered a perfect activity, as it is positive both for the body, and for the environment. There's no doubt that moving your body will do great things for your health, and plogging will also add some extra moves like squatting(蹲下) or bending(弯曲) your body. According to a research, plogging for 10 minutes burns 48 calories, while usual jogging for 10 minutes burns about 39 calories.
Plogging is a movement that anyone can join. To get started, choose plogging route that you know is heavily littered but still considered safe. Do not forget to bring your recyclable rubbish bags and gloves, as well as some hand sanitizer(消毒纸巾) if necessary. You can jog alone or in groups. You can do it early in the morning, or a bit before going to work, or even in the late afternoon. If you're not much of a jogger, that's okay! You can take a walk. Anything that suits you! It really does not matter whether you take a 2-mile jog or a 5-mile marathon, or just a 15-minute morning walk, the idea with plogging is that you do some physical exercise while helping to pick up litter!
Every day, about 2 million people plog in over 100 countries. If you have a pair of gloves, a rubbish bag, and enjoy being outside, plogging may be right for you!
(1) What is plogging _______________________________________________________________________________
(2) Who started the movement of plogging _______________________________________________________________________________
(3) What do you need to bring when you plog _______________________________________________________________________________
(4) How many people plog in more than 100 countries every day _______________________________________________________________________________
(5) Why is plogging becoming popular _______________________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】
From nature. /From the earth.
【小题2】Refined oil.
【小题3】Two.
【小题4】Because they will run out.
【小题5】Natural resources
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
2.【答案】【小题1】Money, power or fancy things.
【小题2】Happy./He feels happy.
【小题3】Cancer./Cancer has changed him.
【小题4】What's really important？
【小题5】Being alive./To be alive.
【解析】1. 根据Unluckily, the cookie kept changing. Some of the time it was money, sometimes power, sometimes fancy things可知，商人生病前，他所追求的是金钱、权力和最昂贵的东西。故填Money, power or fancy things.
2. 根据When I give my son a cookie, he is happy可知，病人两岁的孩子得到甜饼后是开心的。故填Happy./He feels happy.
3. 根据My patient laughs and says cancer has changed him可知，癌症改变了商人对于幸福的理解。故填Cancer./Cancer has changed him.
4. 根据Two years ago, cancer asked me, 'What is really important '可知，商人得了癌症之后开始思索的问题是“什么才是真正地重要”。故填What's really important？
5. 根据Happiness doesn't have anything to do with the cookie; it has something to do with being alive," 可知，商人现在认为活着很幸福。故填Being alive./To be alive.
3.【答案】【小题1】He looked sad.
【小题2】Because trouble will pass just like clouds.
【小题3】Happiness is a choice, and we can find it.
【解析】1.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了快乐女孩Lily逗Mr. Grumble开心的故事。
根据第一段“The old man looked sad.”可知，Mr. Grumble看起来很伤心，故填He looked sad.
2.
根据第二段“But just like clouds, they pass, making way for the sun to shine again.”可知，Lily把烦恼看作乌云，因为它像乌云一样总会过去，故填Because trouble will pass just like clouds.
3.
根据最后一段“Happiness is a choice, and we can find it.”可知，文章想教会我们的就是“幸福是一种选择，我们都能寻找到它”，故填Happiness is a choice, and we can find it.
4.【答案】【小题1】Mrs Gordon.
【小题2】At Dr White's house.
【小题3】By riding a horse/Black Beauty.
【小题4】Because Black Beauty was very sick.
【小题5】He was (heavier than John and he was) not a good rider.
【解析】1.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章摘自小说《黑骏马》，主要讲述了约翰骑马去为生病的戈登夫人找医生，回来后马因没有得到良好的照顾也生病了，约翰细心照顾马的故事。
根据“Mrs Gordon is very ill. Ride to the doctor's and give him this note.”可知，戈登夫人生病了，需要一名医生。故填Mrs Gordon.
2.
根据“When we arrived at Dr White's house…”可知，约翰骑马来到了怀特医生家。故填At Dr White's house.
3.
根据“but my son has my horse. Can I have yours ”以及“The doctor was heavier than John, and not such a good rider. But I did my very best and went as fast as possible.”可知，怀特医生骑马/Black Beauty来到了戈登夫人家。故填By riding a horse/Black Beauty.
4.
根据“I was now very sick, and John was nursing me night and day.”可知，约翰日夜护理Black Beauty的原因是因为Black Beauty病的很严重。故填Because Black Beauty was very sick.
5.
根据“The doctor was heavier than John, and not such a good rider.”可知，Black Beauty认为医生比约翰重，也不是一个好骑手。故填He was (heavier than John and he was) not a good rider.
5.【答案】【小题1】Earth, water and love.
【小题2】In the front garden.
【小题3】For making delicious wine.
【小题4】Grandma's hugs and kisses.
【小题5】Enjoy our life.
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
6.【答案】【小题1】The chief minister.
【小题2】Lin Xiangru's quick rise.
【小题3】They didn't understand why Lin Xiangru did so./They thought Lin Xiangru was afraid of Lian Po.
【小题4】Lin Xiangru put his country first and had a wide heart.
【小题5】Lian Po was a good head of the army and bravely corrected his mistakes.
【解析】1. 由第一段第五句可知答案。故答案为The chief minister.
2. 由第二段最后一句可知，蔺相如的快速高升使廉颇嫉妒。故答案为Lin Xiangru's quick rise.
3. 由第四段以及第五段第一、二句可知，其他大臣可能会对蔺相如为什么避着不见廉颇不理解，会认为蔺相如怕廉颇。(答案不唯一，符合此意即可)。故答案为 They didn't understand why Lin Xiangru did so./They thought Lin Xiangru was afraid of Lian Po.
4. 由第五段蔺相如的话可知，蔺相如以国家为重，不与廉颇冲突，并且心胸宽广。(答案不唯一，符合此意即可)。故答案为Lin Xiangru put his country first and had a wide heart.
5. 由第一段可知，廉颇是一位好的军队首领；由最后一段可知，廉颇知错就改。(答案不唯一，符合此意即可) 。故答案为Lian Po was a good head of the army and bravely corrected his mistakes.
7.【答案】【小题1】Six.
【小题2】Reuniting with Families and Admiring the Full Moon.
【小题3】Mooncakes.
【小题4】Guessing Lantern Riddles.
【小题5】To pray for fortune.
【解析】1. 【文章大意】中秋节是中国一个重要的传统节日。本文主要介绍了人们通常庆祝中秋节的活动。
文章中每个小标题代表一项活动，共六项。故填Six.
2. 由第二段第二句和第三段第一句可知，前两项活动都与家人团聚有关。故填Reuniting with Families and Admiring the Full Moon.
3. 由第四段第二句可知，月饼是中秋节期间人们最喜欢送的礼物。Mooncakes.
4. 由第六段内容可知，猜灯谜更需要人们认真思考。故填Guessing Lantern Riddles.
5. 由最后一段第二句可知，拜月的目的是祈求好运。故填To pray for fortune.
8.【答案】【小题1】Couplets.
【小题2】On red paper.
【小题3】Noise, sunshine, and the color red.
【小题4】Good fortune, fame and riches.
【小题5】Chunlian.
【解析】1. 由第一段第一句可知，对联又被称为couplets。故填Couplets.
2. 由第二段第一句可知答案。故填On red paper.
3. 由第二段第三句可知，怪兽“年”害怕噪音、阳光和红色。故填Noise, sunshine, and the color red.
4. 由第二段最后一句可知，对中国人来说，红色代表好运、名誉和财富。故填Good fortune, fame and riches.
5. 由上下文可知，尽管许多人一整年都保留春联，但它通常在春节后被保留两个月。由此推出，It指代的是“春联”。故填Chunlian.
9.【答案】【小题1】It is a guide and an important tool for Chinese people to farm and live.
【小题2】
To fix the time.
【小题3】
Wan Nian himself.
【小题4】The name of its inventor./Its inventor Wan Nina.
【小题5】He was a scientist/an inventor with national feelings./He was clever and great...
【解析】1.
【文章大意】万年历是中国古代最古老的一部太阳历。传说万年历的名称来源于商朝一个名叫万年的人，他就是这部历法的编撰者，为赞扬他的功绩，当时的帝王将这部太阳历命名为“万年历”。
由第一段第二句可知，万年历是中国人农耕和日常生活的指南和重要工具。故填It is a guide and an important tool for Chinese people to farm and live.
2.
由第二段第三句可知，日晷是用来确定时间的工具。故填To fix the time.
3.
由第三段可知，万年是毛遂自荐为国家创造历法的。故填Wan Nian himself.
4.
由最后一段倒数第二句可知，为了赞扬万年的成就，当时的帝王将太阳历命名为万年历。故填The name of its inventor./Its inventor Wan Nina.
5. 由第三、四段可知，当万年得知商王祖乙因为时间的不确定性而忧心忡忡时，他毛遂自荐为国家创造一种历法，帮助大家，并最终得偿所愿。由此推出，他是一位伟大的、具有家国情怀的科学家或发明家。(答案不唯一，符合此意皆可)
10.【答案】【小题1】In October 2023.
【小题2】For 30 minutes.
【小题3】It can fix most problems with the cell phone./It can fix scratches on the phone.
【小题4】Faster and independent solar charging.
【小题5】Foldable/Flexible/Be able to fix themselves/Solar-powered/Short charging time.
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了可折叠手机。
根据“In October 2023, Motorola put out a new phone.”可知，2023年10月，摩托罗拉推出了一款新手机。故填In October 2023.
2. 根据“US company Motorola created the first cell phone in 1973. The brick-sized phone could only make calls for 30 minutes.”可知，摩托罗拉的第一部手机能打30分钟电话。故填For 30 minutes.
3. 根据“Professor Zhenan Bao from Stanford University made an electronic skin that can fix itself with heat and magnets (磁). ... If it is used to make phones, the technology could lead to devices that could fix scratches (划痕) by themselves.”可知，手机上的电子皮肤可以自我修复手机的问题，也能够自己修复手机上的划痕。故填It can fix most problems with the cell phone./It can fix scratches on the phone.
4. 根据“In the future, faster and independent solar charging could make solar-powered phones more popular.”可知，未来，更快更独立的太阳能充电技术可能会让太阳能手机更受欢迎。故填Faster and independent solar charging.
5. 根据“Most foldable (可折叠的) phones today can only fold the screen up and down or left and right. But in the future, phones will be much more flexible (灵活的).”、“Not only will the phones become flexible, but they will also be able to fix themselves.”、“In the future, faster and independent solar charging could make solar-powered phones more popular.”及“It takes only three minutes to charge.”可知，未来的手机可能能够折叠，并且更灵活，还能够自我修复、也能够用太阳能充电，充电时间也会更短。故填Foldable/Flexible/Be able to fix themselves/Solar-powered/Short charging time.
11.【答案】【小题1】In June 2020.
【小题2】To keep her mother's traces.
【小题3】Some supported it, others disliked it.
【小题4】Because it was written by a green hand.
【小题5】Yes, because it's never too late to begin.
【解析】1. 根据文中“Her first work Qiuyuan was published in June 2020 and proved a big success.”可知，她的第一部作品《秋园》于2020年6月出版，并取得了巨大成功，故填In June 2020.
2. 根据文中“I realized that if those stories were not written down, all traces (痕迹) of my mother would be completely wiped out from the world sooner or later like dust on a table blown away by wind,”可知，这位老奶奶作家一直在写作是为了留下她母亲的痕迹，故填To keep her mother's traces.
3. 根据文中Bad words and good words poured in. Those who disliked it said the story of a "nobody" is unworthy of being recorded, but some readers' support encouraged the granny writer to hold out for her dream.可知，一些人支持，一些人不喜欢，故填Some supported it, others disliked it.
4. 根据文中“I was shocked that it was written by a green hand”可知，出版人涂志刚很震惊这是一个新手写的，故填Because it was written by a green hand.
5. 开放型试题，答案合理即可。故填Yes, because it's never too late to begin.
12.【答案】【小题1】A French woman called Bea Johnson.
【小题2】 In Nanluoguxiang, Beijing.
【小题3】I can mails them to a company which accepts them.
【小题4】 They both produced only two cans of rubbish.
【小题5】I think it is good for protecting the environment.
【解析】1. 根据“'Zero waste' or 'danshari' was first given by a French woman called Bea Johnson.”可知“零浪费”一词由法国女士比娅·约翰逊首次提出。故答案为A French woman called Bea Johnson.
2. 根据“Now, the couple have opened a small shop called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang (南锣鼓巷), Beijing”可知The Bulk House开在北京南锣鼓巷。故答案为In Nanluoguxiang, Beijing.
3. 根据“For used toiletries (洗漱用品) things ... there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it.”可知有一家公司会接受用过的洗漱用品，可以把它们邮寄给这家公司。故答案为I can mails them to a company which accepts them.
4. 根据“Over August—October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.”可知，比娅·约翰逊和她的男朋友都只生产了两罐垃圾。故答案为They both produced only two cans of rubbish.
5. 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。故答案为I think it is good for protecting the environment.
13.【答案】【小题1】The passage mentions five countries: China，Indonesia, the USA, Sri Lanka and Brazil.
【小题2】Teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully because some of them have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning, which could pose a danger. The teacher's careful observation ensures the safety of the children.
【小题3】In addition to the hope for a better future, these children have developed resilience and a sense of responsibility towards their families and communities. They demonstrate courage and determination in overcoming challenges, showing strong and brave qualities.
【解析】1. 根据第一段“for example, a pupil at Gulu Village Primary School, China, rides a donkey as his grandfather walks beside him.”；第二段“ Some children in Indonesia have to cross a bridge ten metres above a dangerous river to get to their class on time. ”以及“The children of the Inupiat community in Alaska, the USA go to school and then come back when it is dark, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning.”以及“In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. ”和“Six-year-old Fabricio Oliveira gets on his donkey every morning to ride with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry Sert o area of Northeast Brazil.”可知，文章提到了五个国家，分别是：中国、印度尼西亚、美国、斯里兰卡和巴西，故答案为The passage mentions five countries: China，Indonesia, the USA, Sri Lanka and Brazil.
2. 根据第二段“In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. ”可知，斯里兰卡的老师们对孩子们非常小心是因为他们中的一些人每天早上必须穿过一座古老城堡的两堵墙之间的一块木头，这可能会带来危险，故答案为Teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully because some of them have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning, which could pose a danger. The teacher's careful observation ensures the safety of the children.
3. 开放性作答，言之成理即可，故答案为In addition to the hope for a better future, these children have developed resilience and a sense of responsibility towards their families and communities. They demonstrate courage and determination in overcoming challenges, showing strong and brave qualities.
14.【答案】【小题1】She is like a mother.
【小题2】17 (students)./Seventeen.
【小题3】Music, sports and art courses.
【小题4】Her husband./Cheng Feng's husband.
【小题5】She is selfless and hard-working.
【解析】1. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了程风去贫困学校教书的事迹。
略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
15.【答案】【小题1】It is a term referring to the act of picking up litter while jogging.
【小题2】A Swedish man called Eric Ahlstrom.
【小题3】Recyclable rubbish bags and gloves, as well as some hand sanitizer.
【小题4】About 2 million.
【小题5】Because it is good for the body and the environment.
【解析】1. 略
2. 略
3. 略
4. 略
5. 略
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