2024年中考英语二轮复习介词知识点讲义及练习讲义（含答案）

介词专题
15个最常见介词：in on at of by with from to as about around off through over
In (在......里面)
Eg:
表真实位置：in the room/ in the table
表抽象位置：in the air/in the book
表状态：in trouble/ in the danger
表时间：in 2024/ in the morning
表方式：in this way/ in Chinese
表穿着：in pink sweater/ in the black T-shirt
On (紧紧地接触、连着)
Eg:
表真实位置：on the desk/ on the wall
表抽象位置：on the radio/ on the topic
表状态：on duty/ the competition is on
表具体时间：on Friday/ on Monday afternoon
At (在......点上)
Eg:
表真实位置：at school/ at home
表抽象位置：be good at cooking/ English
表状态：at work/ at table
表具体时间：at 3 a.m./ at the age of 20
注意：有“the”表地点，无“the”表动作。
Eg: at the table(在桌上)
at table（吃饭）
补充：
1）区分on in at 在时间上的用法
in>1天 Eg: in 2024 / summer
on=1天 Eg: on Monday / on April
at<1天 Eg: at night / at 3 a.m.
口诀：in年in月in季节，上午、下午和晚上。
on 加具体某一天的时间，和那天的早中晚。
at 加时间点, 正午、夜里和黎明。
区分on in at 在地点上的用法
On+平面（街道、楼层等/在左右边） Eg: on the right
In+大地点（在一个大的区域范围内 Eg: In the city
At+小地点（家、车站、学校等等） Eg: At home
注意：如果在语境中想表达在一个小地点的具体某个位置时，不用at，而是选择相应的方位词。
Eg: she is in the school. 她在学校里。
Of (从属关系，表......的)
Eg:
表无生命：a cup of tea/ the window of the room.
表某市：the city of Guangzhou.
表数量：a pair of shoes/ a bottle of water.
补充：当表有生命时用’s
Eg: Mike’s car/ my books.
区分：of:(强调时间短)
About(强调时间长)
Eg: think of(想一下) Let’s me think of it.
Think about(经常想) I away think about my good friends.
For (为了、因为、时间、对......而言、支持、赞成)
Eg:
表为了：I come here for you./ Let’s go for a walk.
表因为：Thanks for your help./ for the reason.
表时间：For three months./ for a day.
表对......而言：It is so necessary for me to get there ./ It is important for me to learn English.
补充：句型 it is+ adj+(for/of) sb to do sth. 注意for强调某事对某人来说怎么样。Of 强调某人的品格、品质。
Eg: It is so kind of you to help me.(帮助我你人真是太好了)
It is important for me to learn English(学习英语对我来说很重要)
By (通过......交通工具、在......附近、截至到......时间、被)
Eg:
表通过......交通工具：I going to school by bus.
表在......附近: The table by the bed.
表截至到......时间：By the end of this week.
表被：Chinese is spoken by people all over the world.
扩展积累：Passer-by(过客)
By accident/ chance(偶然地、意外地)
By day(日间)
By means of(用、依靠)
By mistake (错误地)
By the hour(按小时)
By reason of(由于)
By the time(到......时/前)
With (表伴随的状态)
Eg:
表和谁一起：I played games with my friends.
表携带：A house with a big garden.
表用......工具：My father cut wood with the long knife.
表伴随：With the development of economy.
From (表远离)
Eg:
表来自：He is from Beijing.
表远离：(常见相关短语)
Be away from
Be different from
Be absent from
Keep/stop/prevent/ sb from doing sth
句子：the paper is made from wood.
注意：Be made of (强调看得出原材料)
Eg: the desk is made of wood.
Be made from (强调看不出原材料)
To (表指向)
Eg:
句子：The road to my school.
Sport is good to our body.
The answer to the question.
短语：Contribute to ......
Belong to......
Be used to doing sth
Lead to......
补充：Be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
Used to do sth 过去常常做某事
Be used to do sth 被用来做某事
As (表作为)
Eg:
句子：She work as a teacher.
About (在......附近=around)
Eg:
句子：Something about your story.
I am walking around/about the park.
I usually get up about 7:30.
Off(表脱离、分开)
Eg:
句子：Take off your coat .
The plane is going to take off.
短语：Turn off
Set off
补充：Turn off关掉
Turn on 打开
Turn down 声音调低
Turn up 声音调高
Through (表内部的出穿过)
Eg:
句子：Go through the forest.
I became rich through hard work.
Over (表在上面，跨过去)
Eg:
句子：We are over.
You should go over before you take an exam
短语：Go over（检查、复习）
Turn over（翻倒）
Get over（克服）
Run over（浏览、辗过）
Take over（接管）
Fall over （跌倒）
Roll over （翻滚）
Look over（翻阅、检查）
Think over （仔细思考）
Watch over （照看、看守）
补充其它介词：before outside between among across onto into out of along near under above below beside next to behind up ......
区分：across介词/cross动词（表面穿过） through（内部穿过） over（上方翻过） past（旁边经过）
Eg: cross the road/ street/bridge.
Go though the forest/tunnel/crowd/door
Our bus drove past the city’s library.
The plane flew over forest.
区分：near（附近、强调有一定的距离）
Eg: The near future（在不远的将来）
Next to（紧挨着）
Eg: The shop is next to the school（商店在学校旁）
区分：among（在......之间、中，强调三者或三者以上）
between（在......之间、中，强调两者或两两之间）
Eg: The English is sitting among the students.
The shop is between the school and the post office.
区分：on（在......上面，强调两物体有接触）
Above（在......上面，没接触，有一定距离）
over （在......上面，强调翻越，跨过去）
Eg: My books is on the desk.
The plane is above the city.
There is a bridge over the river.
练习
(

June 2 nd

summer

noon

2022

the evening
)时间介词in on at填空。
20 th century
the 1990 s
June
Fathers Day
Sunday
(

a sunny day

a rainy morning

6
：
00

March 7 th

the morning of March

the June
7 th

dawn

night

Monday afternoon
) June 2010
eight 0’ clock
spring
8 o’clock
winter
the morning
Valentine’s Day
Children ‘s Day
a month
March 7 th 1998
二、选择填空。
（ ）1.Mr. Brown came to China 2008.
at B. on C. in D.of
the morning.
（ ）2.He often goes school six thirty the afternoon.
A.for；to；in B.to；at；in C.to；for；at D.for；at;to
（ ）3.A lot of students in our school were born
April, 2005.
A.in B.at C.on D.since
（ ）4.She suddenly returned June.
A.on B.at C.in D.during
（ ）5.My grandfather was born July 3, 1944.
A.on B.in C.at D.of
（ ）6.I went to Beijing July.
on B.in C.at D.of
（ ）7.Mike has a lot of pen his bag.
A.in B.at C.on D.before
（ ）8.I saw him at the shop when i a road.
A.on B.at C.in D.cross
（ ）9. There is a pen the book and the pencil box.
among B.between C.in D.cross
（ ）10. He turned his notebook and showed the picture to Amy.
A.in B.over C.on D.before
三．填上合适的介词。
1. I did my homework home yesterday.
2.My father has many old pictures his bag.
3.Did you go to school with Alice yesterday I heard Tony finding you the school.
4.There is a book shop school and market.
5.My sister learn English reading books.
6.He got the car quickly and ran to her.
7.we away go to the supermarket bus.
8.He walked the city when he had a spare time.
9.Tina and Mike were good friends when they study xinghui middle school.
10.I am so excited his birthday party.
参考答案
in on in in in at on in on in in on at on in at at on in on in on on at on at in on on
1.c 2.b 3.a 4.a 5.a 6.b 7.a 8.d 9.b 10.b
1.at 2.in 3.at 4.between 5.by 6.off 7.by 8.around 9.at 10.at