【备考2024】中考英语专题 一文读懂四种基本时态 课件+视频（一般现在时+一般过去时+一般将来时+现在完成时）

(共20张PPT)
一文读懂四种基本时态
一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在完成时
【备考2024】
I have a busy day. I get up at 6: 10 in the morning. I have breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then go to school on foot at 7:30 am. I have lunch at 12 o'clock at school.I go home at 4:30 in the afternoon. I have dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And do my homework at 7:40 pm.I go to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
思考 ：如果将 I 改换成 my brother或者my best friend后会有哪些变化？
概念：
经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
基本结构：
①do/does ②is/am/are+职业、健康状况、地点状语等;
一般问句：
①Do/does+主语+动词原形+其他;②把is/am/are放于句首。
标志词语：
always/usually/often/sometimes/hardly ever/on Sundays
基本用法：
单三形式：
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实以及格言或警句。。
3) 在时间或条件句中,一般现在时表示将来含义。
1) 直接加 “s”或“es”
2) 以“s”“x”“sh”ch”“o”结尾，加“es”
3) 辅音字母+“y”,“y”改“i”加“es”
4) “f”或“fe”结尾，改为“v”加“es”
shops/makes/
wathches/fixes/presses
carry→carries/
life→lives
My brother a busy day. He up at 6: 10 in the morning. He breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then to school on foot at 7:30 am. He lunch at 12 o'clock at school.He home at 4:30 in the afternoon. He dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And his homework at 7:40 pm.He to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
has
gets
has
goes
has
gets
has
does
goes
My brother has a busy day. He gets up at 6: 10 in the morning. He has breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then goes to school on foot at 7:30 am. He has lunch at 12 o'clock at school.He goes home at 4:30 in the afternoon. He has dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And does his homework at 7:40 pm.He goes to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
思考 ：如果讲述My brother上周度过了一个繁忙的一天，文中动词又后会有哪些变化？
概念：
过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。
基本结构：
①动词的过去式 ②was/were+职业、健康状况、地点状语等;
一般问句：
①Did+主语+动词原形+其他;②把was/were放于句首。
标志词语：
yesterday/last night/two days ago/in 2023
基本用法：
过去式构成：
1) 过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作。
2) 过去某个时间或某一段时间内存在的状态。
2)以“e”结尾，加“d”
3)以末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写加ed
4)以辅音字母+y结尾，y改为“i”加“ed”
started/played
used/hoped/lived
stop→stopped
carry→carried
1)一般情况直接加ed
5)不规则变化动词
详见附录不规则动词
My brother had a busy day last Sunday. He up at 6: 10 in the morning. He breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then to school on foot at 7:30 am. He lunch at 12 o'clock at school.He home at 4:30 in the afternoon. He dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And his homework at 7:40 pm.He to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
I had a busy day last Wednesday. I got up at 6: 10 in the morning. I had breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then went to school on foot at 7:30 am. I had lunch at 12 o'clock at school.I went home at 4:30 in the afternoon. I had dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And did my homework at 7:40 pm.I went to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
I had a busy day last Wednesday. I got up at 6: 10 in the morning. I had breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then went to school on foot at 7:30 am. I had lunch at 12 o'clock at school.I went home at 4:30 in the afternoon. I had dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And did my homework at 7:40 pm.I went to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
思考 ：如果要表达My brother下周三将要度过一个繁忙的一天，文中动词又后会有哪些变化？
概念：
未来某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。
基本结构：
①will+动词原形 ②be going to + 动词原形
一般问句：
①will+主语+动词原形+其他;②把be(is,am,are)放于句首。
标志词语：
tomorrow/next night/in two days/in 2025
基本用法：
特殊用法：
1) 未来某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作。
2) 未来某个时间或某一段时间内存在的状态。
表示位置移动等瞬时性动词，用现在进行时结构表示“将要...”
如：The dog is dying.
Look! The subway is comeing.
这只狗要死了
当心！地铁要来了。
The Greens are leaving.
格林一家人将要离开了。
如：The dog is dying.
Look! The subway is comeing.
这只狗要死了
当心！地铁要来了。
The Greens are leaving.
My brother had a busy day last Sunday. He up at 6: 10 in the morning. He breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then to school on foot at 7:30 am. He lunch at 12 o'clock at school.He home at 4:30 in the afternoon. He dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And his homework at 7:40 pm.He to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
I will have a busy day next Wednesday. I will get up at 6: 10 in the morning. I will have breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then I will go to school on foot at 7:30 am. I will have lunch at 12 o'clock at school.I will go home at 4:30 in the afternoon. I will have dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And I will do my homework at 7:40 pm.I will go to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
I had a busy day last Wednesday. I got up at 6: 10 in the morning. I had breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then went to school on foot at 7:30 am. I had lunch at 12 o'clock at school.I went home at 4:30 in the afternoon. I had dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And did my homework at 7:40 pm.I went to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
思考 ：如果要表达My brother近段时间以来都过着忙忙碌碌的日子，文中动词又后会有哪些变化？
概念：
①过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。②过去发生的事影响到现在
基本结构：
have / has + 过去分词
一般问句：
Have / Has+主语+过去分词+其他？
标志词语：
since + 过去时间；for + 一段时间；already；yet等
基本用法：
特殊用法：
1) 过去发生的动作一直延续到现在。
2) 过去发生的事影响到现在。
短暂性(瞬时性)动词，不能和since + 过去时间；for + 一段时间等表示一段时间的短语连用
His grandpa has died for 15 years.
His grandpa has been dead for 15 years.
他爷爷死了15年了。
过去分词的构成：
2)以“e”结尾，加“d”
3)以末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写加ed
4)以辅音字母+y结尾，y改为“i”加“ed”
started/played
used/hoped/lived
stop→stopped
carry→carried
1)一般情况直接加ed
5)不规则变化动词
详见附录不规则动词
My brother had a busy day last Sunday. He up at 6: 10 in the morning. He breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and then to school on foot at 7:30 am. He lunch at 12 o'clock at school.He home at 4:30 in the afternoon. He dinner at 6 o'clock pm. And his homework at 7:40 pm.He to bed at 9:20 in the evening.
I have had a busy day for many days. I have got up at 6: 10 in the morning.I have had breakfast at 7 o'clock am. and I then have gone to school on foot at 7:30 am. I have had lunch at 12 o'clock at school.I have gone home at 4:30 in the afternoon. I have had dinner at 6 o'clock pm.And I have done my homework at 7:40 pm.I have gone to bed at 9:20 in the evening.