2024年中考英语常考题型练习：阅读理解之说明文(天津专用)（含解析）

阅读理解之说明文
(中考真题+名校最新真题)
（2023·天津·中考真题）Most people love animals. Many children’s books use animals as the main characters. Many people look after animals as pets. The love for animals may be why both children and adults (成年人) enjoy going to zoos.
In the past, zoos were usually started by rich people. The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC． Raising animals was a way for people to show they were wealthy and powerful. Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care.
Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they try to protect animals and teach people as well. Zoos must follow rules. People must provide animals with a clean place to live, food and water, and health care. In this way, the rules help protect the animals.
Some people think the rules are not enough. They want to do more to protect the animals they love. For example, people disapproved of the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show. They also thought the animals were not treated properly. With so many people against the shows, the zoos decided to make a change.
People see animals in zoos. At the same time, they try to learn about and protect them. Both people and animals can get a lot from each other.
1．Who started the first zoo
A．A queen in Egypt. B．A king in Egypt. C．A queen in England. D．A king in England.
2．How does the writer feel about the animals in the early zoos
A．He doesn’t care about them. B．He feels sad for them.
C．He is proud of them. D．He is afraid of them.
3．According to the passage, zoos today must ________.
A．train people for shows B．help look after family pets
C．provide health care for tourists D．follow the rules to protect animals
4．The phrase “disapproved of” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A．wrote about B．depended on C．were against D．were good at
5．What is the passage mainly about
A．Large animals in shows. B．Famous zoos around the world.
C．Animals in the wild. D．Zoos in the past and today.
（2023·天津·中考真题）About 80% of people do not get enough vitamin (维生素) D every day. But this vitamin is very important for your health.
Vitamin D is really important for our bones (骨骼). When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong. Our bodies keep the vitamin D in our bones and teeth. Then we lose vitamin D as we work and exercise during the day. But our bodies can’t make vitamin D．So we have to get it from outside of our bodies.
Where can a person get this very important vitamin Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs. Sometimes, vitamin D is added to bread, milk, and orange juice. Food is not the only way our bodies can get vitamin D．The sun also gives us vitamin D．If we want to be healthy, we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough. And we should be sure to eat foods that are rich in vitamin D, too.
6．The writer says that vitamin D ________.
A．makes our bones strong B．keeps our hair clean
C．is not necessary for our teeth D．is harmful to our hearts
7．Why do we have to get vitamin D from outside of our bodies
A．It makes us popular. B．It helps us eat more food.
C．Our bodies can’t make vitamin D． D．The more vitamin D, the better.
8．According to the writer, people can get vitamin D by ________.
A．eating fish B．watching TV C．working hard D．having a sleep
9．How long are we advised to spend in the sun each day
A．About 15 minutes. B．About 45 minutes. C．About 1 hour. D．About 2 hours.
10．Paragraph 3 mainly tells us ________.
A．what vitamin D is B．where we can get vitamin D
C．how much vitamin D we need D．why people don’t like vitamin D
（2022·天津·中考真题）Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses.
Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress(压力) or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey(土耳其), tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcoming. In the UK, homes and offices usually have tea time. Tea and other dishes are served at tea time in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事).
Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers.
Is tea or coffee more common in your country Between the two, which do you like to drink more
11．Where did tea drinking start
A．In Japan. B．In China. C．In Turkey. D．In the UK.
12．We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK ________.
A．drink tea to get fat B．offer tea to say goodbye
C．think of tea as a bad drink D．have tea to relax themselves
13．What is coffee made from
A．Leaves. B．Sugar. C．Dishes. D．Beans.
14．Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3
A．Coffee came much earlier than tea.
B．Many people drink coffee to wake up.
C．Many people work on their computers in coffee shops.
D．Some people meet and talk with friends in coffee shops.
15．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Smells of Tea and Coffee B．The Prices of Tea and Coffee
C．The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee D．The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee
（2022·天津·中考真题）People in the office usually sit for most of the day when they work. But this is bad for a person’s health. When people sit for too long every day, they don’t move very much. So it is easy to start
getting fat. Sitting too long is also bad for their work because it makes them want to sleep. When this happens, people may make more mistakes in their work or spend more time finishing their panies need workers to be healthy, so how do they fix the problem
Some companies have different types of desks to help their workers. The first type of desk is the standing desk. The desk can be taller when a person wants to stand. It can also be shorter when the person wants to sit. Another type of desk is the walking desk. This desk is made so that a person can work while walking at the same time.
Workers in the companies like the different types of desks very much. They think these desks are quite useful.
16．When people in the office work, they usually ________.
A．sit B．move C．run D．sing
17．What does the word “fix” mean in Paragraph 1
A．Cause. B．Solve. C．Bring. D．Discuss.
18．How many types of desks are mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
19．What do the workers think of the different types of desks
A．They are cheap. B．They are traditional. C．They are useful. D．They are expensive.
20．The purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．tell us the reasons for sitting B．show the advantages of standing
C．introduce desks that help people work better D．compare companies that provide different jobs
（2021·天津·中考真题）There are many deserts (沙漠) on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting.
What are deserts like
Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony (多石的). Deserts can also be very windy places. The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place.
Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously(非常). During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade (阴凉处). At night, deserts can become very cold. In winter there may even be a frost (霜冻) in the early morning.
Living in the desert
The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump (驼峰) and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms.
An oasis is an area of the desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow at an oasis. Some farmers are able to grow crops here.
The Arabian Desert
The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf. This oil has made some countries in the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent building fine cities with lovely parks and lakes, and people live a comfortable life there.
21．Which of the following can best describe deserts
A．Hot and dry. B．Sandy and rainy. C．Wet and stony. D．Windy and snowy.
22．The word “vary” in the passage means “________”.
A．be low B．be high C．be similar D．be different
23．The camel has long eyelashes to ________.
A．stay cool in deserts B．go for days without water
C．help it not to fall into the soft sand D．keep out the sand during sandstorms
24．According to the passage, people and animals visit an oasis for ________.
A．frost and crops B．sand and stones C．water and food D．money and oil
25．What is the best title of the passage
A．What is the weather like in deserts B．What do you know about deserts
C．How do people live in deserts D．Where is the Arabian Desert
（2024·天津和平·二模）Look at the pictures of cute rabbits dressed in lion dance costumes. Can you guess what they are used for Are they toys Well, if you think so, think again. These cute “rabbits” are actually huabobo. It has been a popular traditional food in Shandong Province for more than 300 years.
Usually, huabobo is four or even six times bigger than mantou. It has become a necessary part of some important events. Local women use tools like knives, scissors and pens to shape the dough (生面团) into ducks,
dragons, peaches, etc, before having them steamed. Then they color them. Their bright and beautiful colors are generally considered to express good wishes.
For example, huabobo in the shapes of rabbits and tigers is usually given to children to express the wish that a boy will be as strong as a tiger and a girl as lovely and clever as a white rabbit. And huabobo in the shape of yuan yang represents the wish that a newly-married couple will live happily together to an old age.
Huabobo is normally sweet in taste. The way to make huabobo has been passed down from generation (一代人) to generation in Shandong Province.
Huabobo tastes good, but most huabobo shops only serve it locally. That detail caught the attention of Zang Chaiyuan, a 25-year-old girl from Yantai. She wanted to introduce huabobo to more people.
Zang’s love for huabobo has also led her to create new shapes. She also uses natural fruit and vegetable juice to color huabobo. What’s more, she has found a way to store huabobo for over two months, making it more convenient to send it to other cities.
Using her creative works, Zang has managed to breathe new life into the traditional huabobo, allowing more young people to understand and taste this traditional food.
26．What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage
A．To introduce a new topic for discussion. B．To bring in the topic in an interesting way.
C．To provide background information. D．To use an example to support the topic.
27．What are the steps in making huabobo
① Steam it. ② Color the dough. ③ Shape the dough. ④Serve it.
A．③→①→② B．③→ ②→① C．②→③→④ D．①→③→④
28．What shape of huabobo is usually given to a boy
A． B． C． D．
29．Which of the following is TRUE about huabobo
A．Young people don’t like it anymore. B．It is used more widely than mantou.
C．Now it’s easy for non-locals to taste it. D．This traditional food is half a century old.
30．What role does Zang mainly play in introducing huabobo
A．She makes huabobo more child-friendly. B．She reduces the cost of making this food.
C．She improves the way she sends huabobo. D．She helps keep this traditional food alive.
（2024·天津·一模）The Palace Museum is one of the must-see places in Beijing and has millions of cultural relics (遗产) inside its walls. However, the museum can only show a small part of its relics to the public. Experts (专家) can’t fix as many cultural relics as they want. And more importantly, the museum can’t provide a proper service if the number of visitors goes over 80, 000 every day. Why Because there is not enough room inside the museum!
For nearly ten years, the Palace Museum has planned on its new building-a second home for the cultural relics, a second office for the experts, and a second museum for people to visit. Thirty kilometres away from the Palace Museum, the new museum will include places for the display, restoration and storage (展览、修复 和贮存) of the cultural relics. And there is even a garden. Experts can better work on the protection and restoration of the cultural relics. And more visitors will be able to see the relics and learn more about our culture and history.
Although the new museum looks like a traditional Chinese building and has similar colours to the Palace Museum, it is modern and environmentally friendly. For example, it can save a lot of energy: The walls on the south side can let in a lot of air during the summer and keep it cool; during the winter, the walls on the north side can keep the cold air out and help the building stay warm.
The construction (施工) of the new Palace Museum started in December 2022, and it may be open to the public in 2025. The Palace Museum will be 100 years old then. The new museum will surely be a great birthday gift for it.
31．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A．The Palace Museum needs more room these days.
B．80, 000 people visit the Palace Museum every day.
C．Experts from the Palace Museum don’t have a place to work.
D．Most of the cultural relics of the Palace Museum are on display
32．What does the new Palace Museum mean for the experts
A．A second home. B．A second museum. C．A second office. D．A new building.
33．How does the writer explain that the new Palace Museum is environmentally friendly
A．By making a joke. B．By giving an example. C．By telling stories. D．By showing numbers.
34．When will the new Palace Museum be ready for the public
A．In 2022. B．In 2025. C．In 2122. D．In 2125.
35．What’s the best title for the passage
A．New Palace Museum B．Places for the display
C．Birthday gift for China D．Not enough room for visitors
（2024·天津河西·一模）April 23 is known as World Book Day. The idea of setting a day to encourage reading came out from UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) in 1995. In fact, it started long before that in Spain. In 1922, Spanish writer Vicente Clavel Andres suggested the idea as a way to honor the famous writer Miguel de Cervantes. Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes’ birthday. In 1930, it was moved to April 23, the date of his death.
Every year from 2001, one city around the world is chosen to be the UNESCO World Book Capital for a year. The task of the city is to carry out activities to encourage “a culture of reading and spreading its value in all ages in and out of the country.”
Though no Chinese cities have been chosen as the World Book Capital so far, a recent national survey shows a steady (稳定的) rise in reading as a habit in China. According to the survey, each Chinese adult read an average of 4.78 printed books and 3.33 e-books in 2022, both a bit higher than the figures from 2021. Besides, listening to audio books (有声读物) was another popular habit, with 35.5 percent of adults saying they were used to listening to them.
Reading books gives people the chance to look into different worlds and meet new people, both real and imagined. Ancient Chinese believed in the saying, “Read ten thousand books and travel ten thousand miles.” Reading is a way to learn from the past, understand the world, and get life wisdom (智慧). So make every day World Book Day!
36．When did Spain first hold a celebration to honor Cervantes
A．In 1922. B．In 1926. C．In 1930. D．In 1995.
37．What should a World Book Capital city do
A．Help sell books to people of all ages. B．Spread UNESCO’s value.
C．Organize readers to visit the city. D．Carry out reading activities.
38．According to the survey, how many books each Chinese adult read in 2022
A．3.33 printed books and 4.78 e-books. B．4.78 printed books and 3.33 e-books.
C．3.55 printed books and 4.87 e-books. D．4.87 printed books and 3.55 e-books.
39．What does the word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Printed books. B．E-books. C．Audio books. D．Cultural books.
40．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us
A．The meaning of a Chinese saying. B．The importance of reading books.
C．The method of getting life wisdom. D．The way of looking into different worlds.
（2024·天津和平·一模）When you are in a new place or trying to find your way around, it’s important and necessary to know how to ask for directions. However, many ESL (English as a Second Language) learners may find it quite challenging to ask for directions in English. Don’t worry. This passage will help.
The first and most important step is to start the conversation politely. When you ask for directions, the way you make your request can make a difference to the reply you receive. Using polite expressions shows respect for the person you’re asking. This makes him/her more likely to help you. If possible, put on a smile.
Once you’ve started the conversation, you’d better ask for directions by using simple sentences. Here are some English expressions for you to ask for bining (结合) them with a friendly attitude will increase your chances of receiving helpful directions.
Could you please tell me the way to the book shop
Excuse me. Can you give me directions to this house
What’s the best way to reach Donald Street
When receiving directions, it’s important to make sure that you’ve understood them correctly to avoid getting lost or taking a longer path. You can repeat what the person has said. Ask him to repeat certain details or ask for further explanation. This not only shows that you’ve been listening carefully but also provides a chance to correct any misunderstandings. Here are some expressions to help you, too.
Let me make sure I understood correctly; I should turn left, is that right
Did you say I need to turn left at the central park
Would it be possible for you to write down the directions for me
41．What does the author think of being polite
A．Easy. B．Possible. C．Common. D．Necessary.
42．What can you do to increase your chances of getting useful information
①Talk loudly. ② Ask politely ③ Use simple sentences. ④ Listen as quietly as possible.
A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④
43．Why does the author advise that we repeat what we’ve heard
A．To make sure we don’t get it wrong. B．To correct the mistakes of others.
C．To let others serve us better. D．To ask for more details.
44．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Ways to avoid getting lost. B．Reasons for improving your English.
C．Ways to ask for directions in English. D．Steps for proper use of polite expressions.
45．Where is the passage probably from
A．A university introduction. B．A sports report.
C．A safety handbook. D．An educational magazine.
（2024·天津河东·一模）Let’s suppose it is a common day of 2060. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.
Trips to the moon are being made every day. Taking a holiday on the moon today is as easy as taking a holiday in Europe in the 2010s. At a number of scenic spots (风景胜地) on the moon, many hotels have been built. In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon, every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of the young and old.
What are people eating now People are still eating food. But a lot of food now comes in pill (药片) form, and the food that goes into the pill comes mainly from green plants.
Because people in the world today are much more than those about fifty years ago, most of the earth's surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer eaten by pests (害虫). The harvest is always good. Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farms. It is possible to run the farms by just using a few computers.
People are row largely vegetarians, and they eat only bread, vegetables, fruit and so on and they don’t eat meat or fish. You see, as the number of people increases, the number of animals decreases. So people have to be vegetarians. We are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds, and we know how to deal with all kinds of illnesses. No one has to be ill any more.
46．What will be on the moon in 2060 according to the passage
A．Many green plants.
B．Many wild animals.
C．Many interesting places
D．Many children and students.
47．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “irrigated”
A．冲刷 B．灌溉 C．淹没 D．排泄
48．Which of the following is TRUE
A．People only eat food in pill form.
B．People don’t have any crops.
C．People run the farms by using high technology.
D．The harvest is sometimes good.
49．Why do people have to be vegetarians in 2060
A．Because they want to be healthier.
B．Because vegetables can make the patients well.
C．Because there will be more people and fewer animals.
D．Because eating vegetables is good for our minds
50．What attitude (态度) does the writer have about the future life
A．He feels pretty hopeful about the future.
B．He is not very satisfied with some things of the future.
C．He seems really sad about what will happen in the future.
D．He is afraid of the future life
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了早期动物园以及如今的动物园的作用，但是我们还需做更多的事情来保护所爱的动物。
1．细节理解题。根据“The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC.”可知埃及的一位女王创办了第一个动物园。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care.(可悲的是，早期动物园里的动物没有得到很好的对待。它们没有得到足够的关注和照顾。)”可推知作者为它们感到难过。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they try to protect animals and teach people as well. Zoos must follow rules...In this way, the rules help protect the animals.”可知现在的动物园要遵循规则去保护动物。故选D。
4．词句猜测题。根据“For example, people disapproved of the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show.”可知一些人认为动物园没有足够的空间来展示动物，所以应是反对在表演中使用大型动物。划线部分“disapproved of”与C选项“反对”意思相近。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了早期动物园以及如今的动物园的作用，但是我们还需做更多的事情来保护所爱的动物。故选D。
6．A 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了维他命D的重要性及如何获取维他命D。
6．细节理解题。根据“When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong.”可知维他命D能使我们骨骼强壮。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“But our bodies can’t make vitamin D. So we have to get it from outside of our bodies.”可知必须从体外获取维他命D是因为我们的身体不能产生维他命D。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs.”可知可以通过吃鱼来获取维他命D。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据“If we want to be healthy, we should spend some time in the sun each day.
Too much sun is not good for you, but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough.”可知我们被建议每天在阳光中花费大约15分钟。故选A。
10．段落大意题。根据“Where can a person get this very important vitamin ”及全段内容可知第三段主要讲我们从哪里获得维生素D。故选B。
11．B 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。
11．细节理解题。根据“Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago.”可知，饮茶起源于4000多年前的中国。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事).”可知，在英国喝茶是一种和朋友或同事一起放松的方式。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据“Coffee is made from beans.”可知，咖啡是由豆子制成的。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“Coffee came much later than tea”可知，咖啡的出现比茶晚得多。故选A。
15．最佳标题题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡的不同文化。故选C。
16．A 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工。
16．细节理解题。根据“People in the office usually sit for most of the day when they work.”可知，办公室里的人通常在工作的时候大部分时间都坐着。故选A。
17．词义猜测题。根据“Companies need workers to be healthy, so how do they fix the problem ”可知，公司需要解决问题，此处fix的意思是“解决”，故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“The first type...Another type of desk...”可知，提到了两种类型的办公桌，故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“They think these desks are quite useful.”可知，员工们认为这些办公桌很有用，故选C。
20．主旨大意题。根据“Some companies have different types of desks to help their workers.”可知，本文介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工，故选C。
21．A 22．D 23．D 24．C 25．B
【分析】文中主要介绍了一些关于沙漠的常识。
21．细节理解题。根据“Deserts can be hot and dry places.”可知，沙漠又热又干。故选A。
22．词义猜测题。根据“During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade. At night, deserts can become very cold.”可知，沙漠中温度变化很大。vary意为“变化”。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“Its long eyelashes keep out the sand during sandstorms.”可知，骆驼的长睫毛是为了在沙尘暴来袭时挡住沙子。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“People and animals visit an oasis for water and food.”可知，人和动物到绿洲是为了水和食物。故选C。
25．标题归纳题。文中主要介绍了一些关于沙漠的常识，以“What do you know about deserts ”做标题最合适。故选B。
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了花饽饽的起源和制作过程，以及它所代表的吉祥寓意。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段中“It has been a popular traditional food in Shandong Province for more than 300 years.”可知，第一段是以图片和问题来引出文章的主题——介绍山东省的一种食物，可推断出第一段的目的是以有趣的方式引出话题。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Local women use tools like knives, scissors and pens to shape the dough into ducks, dragons, peaches, etc, before having them steamed. Then they color them.”可知，当地妇女用刀子、剪刀和笔等工具将面团做成鸭子、龙、桃子等形状，然后蒸熟，最后给它们上色。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, huabobo in the shapes of rabbits and tigers is usually given to children to express the wish that a boy will be as strong as a tiger and a girl as lovely and clever as a white rabbit.”可知，兔子和老虎形状的花饽饽通常送给孩子，以表达男孩像老虎一样强壮，女孩像白兔一样可爱聪明的愿望，C选项符合题意。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第六段中“What’s more, she has found a way to store huabobo for over two months, making it more convenient to send it to other cities.”可知，她找到了一种方法，可以将花饽饽储存两个多月，这样可以更方便地发送到其他城市，现在非本地人很容易品尝到它。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Using her creative works, Zang has managed to breathe new life into the traditional huabobo, allowing more young people to understand and taste this
traditional food.”可知，通过她富有创意的作品，她成功地为传统的花饽饽注入了新的生命，让更多的年轻人了解和品尝这种传统美食，她帮助保持这种传统食物的生命力。故选D。
31．A 32．C 33．B 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文介绍为了让更多人能参观故宫博物馆，开始修建新的博物馆，新博物馆肯定会成为老博物馆的一份很棒的生日礼物。
31．推理判断题。根据“And more importantly, the museum can’t provide a proper service if the number of visitors goes over 80, 000 every day. Why Because there is not enough room inside the museum!”更重要的是，如果每天的参观人数超过80、000人，博物馆就无法提供应有的服务。为什么？因为博物馆里面没有足够的空间！所以是需要更多的空间。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“a second office for the experts”可知，是第二个专家办公室。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“For example, it can save a lot of energy: The walls on the south side can let in a lot of air during the summer and keep it cool; during the winter, the walls on the north side can keep the cold air out and help the building stay warm.”可知是举例子。故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据“it may be open to the public in 2025”可知，2025年可能向公众开放。故选B。
35．最佳标题题。本文介绍为了让更多人能参观故宫博物馆，开始修建新的博物馆，新博物馆肯定会成为老博物馆的一份很棒的生日礼物。最佳标题是“新故宫博物馆”。故选A。
36．B 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了“世界读书日”的由来、世界图书之都的意义以及读书的重要性。
36．细节理解题。根据“In 1922,...Four years later, the first celebration took place on October 7, Cervantes’ birthday.”可知，第一次庆祝是在1926年，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“The task of the city is to carry out activities to encourage ‘a culture of reading and spreading its value in all ages in and out of the country’”可知，世界图书之都的任务是开展活动，鼓励“一种阅读文化，并在国内外各个年龄段传播其价值观”。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“According to the survey, each Chinese adult read an average of 4.78 printed books and 3.33 e-books in 2022”可知在2022年，每个中国成年人平均阅读4.78本印刷书籍和3.33本电子书。故选B。
39．词义猜测题。根据“Besides, listening to audio books (有声读物) was another rising habit, with
35. 5 percent of adults saying they were used to listening to them.”（此外，听有声书是另一个日益增长的习惯，35.5%的成年人表示他们习惯听有声书）可知，划线的them指的是上文提到的“有声书”，故选C。
40．主旨大意题。根据“Reading books gives people the chance to look into different worlds and meet new people, both real and imagined...”可知，本段主要讲述了读书的重要性，故选B。
41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何用英语问路。
41． 细节理解题。根据“The first and most important step is to start the conversation politely.”可知，礼貌是必要的。故选D。
42．推理判断题。根据“The first and most important step is to start the conversation politely.”和“Once you’ve started the conversation, you’d better ask for directions by using simple sentences”可知，礼貌地询问和简单的句子是作者给出的建议，这会增加你得到有用信息的机会，因此选②③。故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据“This not only shows that you’ve been listening carefully but also provides a chance to correct any misunderstandings.”可知，作者建议我们重复我们听到的是为了确保我们不会弄错。故选A。
44．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了如何用英语问路。故选C。
45．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了如何用英语问路，所以这篇文章可能来自教育杂志。故选D。
46．C 47．B 48．C 49．C 50．A
【导语】本文主要描述了人类在2060年的生活。
46．细节理解题。根据“ At a number of scenic spots (风景胜地) on the moon, many hotels have been built”可知，在2060年月球上将会有许多名胜。故选C。
47．词义猜测题。根据“The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer eaten by pests (害虫). The harvest is always good.”及常识可知，沙漠得到灌溉作物才能生长，才会有好收成，irrigated意为“灌溉”。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据“Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farms. It is possible to run the farms by just using a few computers.”可知，人们能通过使用
高科技管理农场，C项正确。故选C。
49．细节理解题。根据“You see, as the number of people increases, the number of animals decreases. So people have to be vegetarians.”可知，人们不得不做素食者是因为随着人口的增长，动物的数量减少了。故选C。
50．观点态度题。根据“Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of the young and old.”，“The harvest is always good.”和“ No one has to be ill any more.”可知，作者认为在未来人们的娱乐活动会更加多样、庄稼收成总是很好、没有人会再得病，可看出作者对未来生活充满希望。故选A。