2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习：非谓语动词(译林版2020)
一. 不定式作定语和结果状语
1. 不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语常表示将来的动作；不定式的被动式to be done作定语表示将来、被动的动作。
Mr. Smith is an honest man. He is a good person to work with.史密斯先生是一个诚实的人。他是一个很好共事的人。
The house to be built there soon will be a library for the workers.那里即将建成的房子将成为工人们的图书馆。
(2)不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。
I had no pen to write with so he had to borrow one from his classmate.
我没有钢笔写字，不得不从同学那儿借了一支。
(3)当中心词为序数词、最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰，且该中心词是作定语的非谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者时，多用不定式作定语。
Columbus was the first to discover the New Continent.哥伦布是第一个发现新大陆的人。
(4)被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。、
2. 不定式作结果状语
不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，常用于下列结构：only to(不料……)、enough to(足够……)、too...to...(太……而不能……)、so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。
Having saved adequate money for his dream guitar, the little boy hurried to the store, only to be told that it had been sold to someone else.攒了足够的 买他梦寐以求的吉他的钱后，小男孩急忙赶到商店，却被告知吉他已经卖给别人了。
It is interesting enough to attract millions of people.它很有趣，足以吸引数百万人。
I’m too tired to stay up any longer. 我太累了，不能再熬夜了。
二. 分词作定语
1. 分词(V-ing/ V-ed)作定语
(1)及物动词的分词形式作定语
作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being＋过去分词”、过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时，用“being＋过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成或状态时，用过去分词。
The girls wearing traditional costumes look so attractive.穿着传统服装的女孩看起来很有吸引力。(主动)
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。(被动、正在进行)
Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet, I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town.看过不少哈姆雷特的作品后，我充满了信心——直到京剧来到城里。(主动，完成)
These regions have each developed their own characteristics based on traditional kite-making craftsmanship (手艺).这些地区都在传统风筝制作工艺的基础上发展出了自己的特色。(被动、完成)
(2)不及物动词的分词形式作定语
作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词只表示一个动作已完成，不表被动。
falling leaves正在下落的叶子(表正在进行)
fallen leaves落叶(表完成)
(3) 动名词作定语
动名词作定语常用来说明被修饰词的用途或目的。
a reading room阅览室
a sleeping car卧铺车
2. 分词(V-ing/ V-ed) 作状语
分词包括现在分词和过去分词，现在分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是主动关系，且含有进行的意义；过去分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是被动关系，且含有完成的意义。
(1)作时间状语相当于when，while，before，since，as引导的时间状语从句。
Translated into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
＝When the sentence was translated into English，it was found to have an entirely different word order.
当这个句子被译成英语时，人们发现它有一个完全不同的语序。
(2)作原因状语相当于because，since，as引导的原因状语从句。
①Not understanding this problem，he asked the teacher about it.＝Because he didn’t understand this problem，he asked the teacher about it.因为不理解这个问题，他问了老师。
②Defeated by his deskmate，he felt discouraged.＝Because he was defeated by his deskmate，he felt discouraged.
由于被同桌打败了，他感到气馁。
(3)作条件状语相当于if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Given another hour，I can also work out this problem.＝If I’m given another hour，I can also work out the problem.
如果再给我一个小时，我也能解决这个问题。
(4)作结果状语常用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，分词前可接thus。
More highways have been built in China，making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。
(5)作方式或伴随状语表示一个同时发生的次要的(或者伴随的)动作，常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开，相当于并列句。
One evening Harry phoned me，asking me to come to his flat as soon as possible.＝One evening Harry phoned me，and he asked me to come to his flat as soon as possible.一天晚上哈里给我打电话，要求我尽快去他的公寓。
(6)作让步状语相当于though，although，even if等引导的让步状语从句。
Warned of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice.＝Though he was warned of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice.虽然被警告有危险，他仍旧在薄冰上滑冰。
温馨提示 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如：lost(迷路的)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(隐瞒的)、lost/absorbed(沉迷于……的)、dressed(穿着……的)、tired(对……感到厌倦的)、excited(兴奋的)等。
Absorbed in his book，he didn’t notice me enter the room.专心于读书，他没注意到我进入房间。
3. 独立成分作状语
有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：
独立成分 含义
generally speaking 一般来说
frankly/honestly speaking 坦白地/老实说
judging from/by... 根据……来判断
considering.../taking...into consideration/account 考虑到……
to tell you the truth 说实话
seeing... 考虑到……
given... 考虑到……
compared to/with... 与……相比
Generally speaking，the rule is very easy to understand.一般来说，这条规则很容易懂。
Judging from his accent，he is from Hong Kong.从口音判断，他是香港人。
4. 独立主格结构
(1)构成：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式
(2)特点：
①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在；
②独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系；
③它表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。
Weather permitting(＝If weather permits)，they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天气允许的话，他们明天将去海滩郊游。
He was lying on the grass，his hands crossed under his head(＝and his hands were crossed under his head). 他头枕着交叉的双手躺在草地上。
作感官动词(短语)、使役动词的宾补
(1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的宾语补足语有四种形式， 以see为例：
see＋宾语＋Error!
I saw him leave a few minutes ago.
我看见他几分钟前离开了。
Bencheley Bencheley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him.看到鲨鱼被杀，这让他发生了深刻的变化。
Back from his two-year medical service in Africa，Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.
从非洲医疗服务两年回来后，李医生十分高兴地看到家里的母亲得到了很好的照顾。
I was sleeping when I heard my name shouted.我正在睡觉，突然听到有人叫我的名字。
[温馨提示] “感官动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时需加to。
The thief was observed to enter the bank.(被动语态)有人看见小偷进了银行。
(2)使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况：
①make＋宾语＋Error!
The teacher made some students stay in the classroom after school.老师让一些学生放学后待在教室里。
He spoke slowly to make himself understood.他慢慢地说，以使人理解他自己。
②let＋宾语＋Error!
Don’t let your child play with matches.别让你的孩子玩火柴。
Let the work be done immediately.立刻把工作做完。
③have＋宾语＋Error!
He had the light burning all night，which made his parents very angry.他让灯着了整晚，这使他父母很生气。
Before the hurricane came, the family had the doors and windows of their house repaired.在飓风来临之前，这家人把房子的门窗都修好了。
温馨提示 (1)“使役动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时也需加to。
He was made to work day and night，so he was very tired of the job.他被迫日夜工作，所以他非常厌倦这项工作。
(2)have sb doing sth用于否定句中，常与can’t，won’t等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。
I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that.我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话。
④get＋宾语＋Error!
She got her bike running very fast.她把自行车骑得飞快。
Besides performing and modeling, Hannah travels the world giving presentations and talks, getting more people involved in the conservation of ocean life.除了表演和模特，汉娜周游世界做报告和演讲，让更多的人参与到海洋生物的保护中来。
3. 动词leave，keep，find，catch后加非谓语动词作复合宾语的情况
(1)leaveError!
(2)keepError!
(3)find Error!
(4)catch sb doing sth撞见某人正在做某事
She insisted that she should be kept informed.她坚持要求自己被告知情况。
The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious.大部分的菜客人们都没有动，因为它们不可口。
I find my money stolen.我发现我的钱被偷了。
The hall was found thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.人们发现礼堂彻底地被打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。
5. “with＋宾语＋宾补”结构
(1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词，现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行
With the thick fog disappearing finally, the beautiful scenery unfolded before our eyes.随着浓雾终于消失，美丽的景色展现在我们眼前。
(2)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词，过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成或表状态
With the gift brightly wrapped, she handed it to her best friend at the birthday party.礼物包装得光彩夺目，她在生日派对上将它递给了她最好的朋友。
1. 分析句子结构，判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词
首先判定所给提示词是否充当句子的谓语，如果句子不缺少谓语，那就是非谓语动词。
2. 找逻辑主语，再判断与动词之间的关系
(1)非谓语动词作定语时，其逻辑主语是被修饰词；作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语；作补语时，
其逻辑主语是动词或介词的宾语。
(2)如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词；如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词。
但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用现在分词形式的被动式。
3. 判断所给动词与谓语动词发生的先后顺序
(1)to have done，having done表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；
(2)to be doing，doing表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作(几乎)同时发生。
1.(2023 北京高考) She called for action to address the struggles of people around the world ________(face) “too little water or too dirty water”.
答案：facing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。
2.(2023 全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, ________(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
答案：borrowing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
3.(2023 全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ________(intend) for everyone.
答案：intended
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
4.(2022-2023学年江苏南京第一中学高一期末)That is the only way we can imagine ________(reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
【答案】to reduce
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这是我们可以想象的减少学生浴室过度用水的唯一方法。空格前名词是way，we can imagine是限制性定语从句，该空应使用动词不定式短语做后置定语修饰way。故填to reduce。
5.(2022-2023学年江苏南京高一期末)A visit to a health care professional is a great chance ________(educate) your child on the potential risks of e-cigarette use.
【答案】to educate
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：去看专业医生是一个很好的机会，让你的孩子了解使用电子烟的潜在风险。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词chance。故填to educate。
6.(2022-2023学年江苏扬州高一期末)The house ________(build) there soon will be a library.
【答案】to be built
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里不久要建的房子将是一座图书馆。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词the house，二者之间为被动关系；结合后面的will可知，此处表示将来，应用to be done结构。故填to be build。
7.(2022-2023学年江苏南京第一中学高一期末)That morning, I turned on the TV for some local news, only ________(hear) that a hurricane was on its way.
【答案】to hear
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那天早上，我打开电视看一些本地新闻，却听到飓风就要来了。此处是“only+动词不定式”作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。故填to hear。
8.(2022-2023学年江苏南京第一中学高一期末)He raced out of his house, only ________(find) the key locked inside.
【答案】to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他跑出家门，却发现钥匙锁在屋里。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里要用动词不定式，表示出乎意料的结果，作结果状语。故填to find。
9.(2022-2023学年江苏天一中学高一期末)It’s amazing that the boy can swim across the river ________(measure) 100 meters wide.
【答案】measuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这男孩能游过那条宽100米的河，真是令人惊奇。“(measure) 100 meters wide.”作后置定语，修饰名词river，动词measure“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”应用非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the river之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填measuring。
10.(2022-2023学年江苏常州高一期末)Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and a packed lunch ________(consist) of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert.
【答案】consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校为学生提供早餐、晚餐和包括三明治、饮料和甜点的盒装午餐。分析句子结构可知，consist of为非谓语动词短语，无被动形式，主动表被动，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud ________(shoot) from the top of the
volcano.
【答案】shooting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人群抬头望去，看到一片巨大的云从火山顶上喷射而出，他们的恐惧难以言表。see sb./sth. doing固定搭配，意为“看见某人/某物正在做某事”，此处宾语a huge cloud和动词shoot是主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故填shooting。
2. With spring ________(approach), nature seems to be awaken from a sound sleep.
【答案】approaching
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着春天的临近，大自然似乎从沉睡中醒来。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，spring和approach为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填approaching。
3. ________(witness) an increase in foreign legal conflicts recently, China is expected to see the number continue to rise.
【答案】Witnessing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着最近涉外法律纠纷的增多，预计中国的涉外法律纠纷还会继续增加。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，witness和逻辑主语China为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填Witnessing。
4. However, they are quite comfortable ________(communicate) with their friends.
【答案】communicating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，他们和他们的朋友交流很舒服。be comfortable doing sth 很舒服地……，动词的ing形式在句子当中做伴随状语。故填communicating。
5. Many people came to help, ________(donate) food and clothes to charities.
【答案】donating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人前来帮忙，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。分析句子可知，“(donate) food and clothes to charities.”作伴随状语，donate是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语people之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动和同时发生。故填donating。
6. ________(judge) from the data of the State Information Center, Chinese economy is recovering from covid-19 gradually.
【答案】Judging
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：根据国家信息中心的数据来判断，中国经济正在逐步从疫情中复苏。juding from“根据……来判断”现在分词作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Judging。
7. The lantern Festival is the first full moon night in Chinese lunar year, ________(indicate) harmony, reunion, and the coming back of the spring.
【答案】indicating
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：元宵节是中国农历的第一个满月之夜，象征着和谐、团圆和春天的到来。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，indicate与逻辑主语The lantern Festival主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。
故填indicating。
8. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ________(relieve)feelings of homesickness.
【答案】relieving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一口舒适的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源，缓解思乡之情。句中takes为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。逻辑主语One mouthful of comfort food与relieve之间是主动关系，且表伴随，用现在分词作状语。故填relieving。
9. The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail ________(weave) in the air.
【答案】weaving
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：鱼挺直身子，又慢慢地游开了，巨大的尾巴在空中迂回行进。在with独立主格结构中，动词weave意为“迂回行进”，和逻辑主语tail构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填weaving。
10. The music took me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young couple ________(tear) apart by their families.
【答案】torn
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：音乐让我经历了一个关于一对年轻夫妇被家人拆散的经典故事的曲折。分析句子，took是谓语动词，空处应用非谓语动词形式，修饰a young couple，tear apart表示“把……痛苦地分开”，与逻辑主语a young couple之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填torn。
11. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ________(return) to our shop for quality problems.
【答案】returned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：生产商定期来取因质量问题退回到我们店的相机。分析句子结构，可知return在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语cameras构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填returned。
12. With measures ________(take) to promote tourism in China, the 2023 May Day holidays aware cord number of tourists.
【答案】taken
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：随着中国采取措施促进旅游业的发展，2023年的五一假期将吸引大量游客。本句为with的复合结构，measures与take为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填taken。
13. I fell and broke two teeth the other day and I thought I could benefit from getting them ________(fix).
【答案】fixed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：前几天我摔断了两颗牙，我想把它们修好会对我有好处。非谓语动词fix与宾语them是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语，表被动。故填fixed。
14. The poor woman had all her money ________(steal). She couldn’t afford to see the doctor.
【答案】stolen
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个可怜的女人所有的钱都被偷了。她看不起医生。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语补足语使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语money之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填stolen。
15. ________(bath) in a silver night, the countryside took on a fascinating atmosphere.
【答案】Bathed
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：沐浴在一个银色的夜晚，乡村呈现出一种迷人的气氛。设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Bathed。
16. ________(base) on sufficient historical and legal grounds, China’s position on the South China Sea has been consistent and clear.
【答案】Based
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：基于充分的历史和法理依据，中国在南海问题上的立场是一贯和明确的。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为base和主语China’s position之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填Based。
17.(22-23高一下·江苏南京·期末)________(face) with what may be his most impossible mission yet, Hunt gets together his team and joins forces with Ilsa Faust, a female former British secret agent.
【答案】Faced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对可能是他最不可能完成的任务，亨特召集了他的团队，并与前英国女特工伊尔莎·浮士德联手。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词gets，所以face用非谓语形式，此处是固定搭配be faced with意为“面对”所以，此处去掉be，用过去分词作状语。故填Faced.
18.________(paint) on a five-meter-long silk scroll, Qingming Scroll is a masterwork of Chines art.
【答案】Painted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：《清明上河图》绘在五米长的丝绸卷轴上，是中国艺术的杰作。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词作状语，Qingming Scroll和paint之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填Painted。
19.________(compare) with women, men always prefer to stay connected with friends by sharing activities rather than talking.
【答案】Compared
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：与女性相比，男性总是更喜欢通过分享活动而不是交谈来与朋友保持联系。compared with“与……相比”为固定短语，为过去分词作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Compared。
20. Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, ________(award) for her contribution to the fight against malaria.
【答案】awarded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，以表彰她在抗击疟疾方面的贡献。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词在句子中作状语，逻辑主语Tu Youyou与award构成逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词。故填awarded。
21. Once ________(expose), soil is quickly eaten away by wind and rain.
【答案】exposed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：土壤一旦暴露在外，很快就会被风雨侵蚀。分析句子结构可知expose与
soil构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填exposed。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.(2023-2024学年高一上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。
Chickens and even pigs were ________ ________ ________ ________, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
【答案】too nervous to eat
【详解】考查形容词、动词和“too…to”的用法。“焦躁不安”用形容词nervous表达；“进食”用动词eat表达；结合句意可知，“焦躁不安，不愿进食”可用“too…to do(太……以至于不能……)”结构，表达为too nervous to eat。故答案为①too；②nervous；③to；④eat。
2. 我们应该足够勇敢来接受新的挑战，选择我们自己的道路。
We should be ________ ________ new challenges and choose our own path.
【答案】brave enough to take on
【详解】考查动词短语。表示“承担，接受(尤指艰巨工作或重大责任)”应用动词短语take on，动词原形和to构成不定式作结果状语。故空1填take；空2填on。
3. 这才只是刚刚开始，今后还有很多事情要做呢。
This is just the beginning, and ________________.
【答案】there will be lots of things to do
【详解】考查there be句型和不定式。对比中英文可知，设空处为今后还有很多事情要做呢，根据句意和语境可知，应用there be句型的一般将来时，很多事情译为“lots of things”，“要做”修饰things，表将来的动作，应用不定式作定语，译为“to do”。故填there will be lots of things to do。
4. 她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的前兆。
It immediately ________ ________ her that these were signs of an ________ tsunami.
【答案】occurred to; approaching
【详解】考查动词短语、时态和非谓语动词。“意识到……”是主句谓语，可用动词短语occur to(sb.)表示，其意为“(某人)突然想到……”，结合句意和从句中系动词were可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态occurred to；“来临”可用动词approach表示，作定语修饰名词tsunami，用现在分词approaching作定语，表示主动和正在发生的动作。故填occurred；to；approaching。
5. 在观众的注视下，汤姆走上舞台，手心直冒汗。(过去分词作状语)
________________, Tom stepped onto the stage, with his palms sweating.(读后续写—场景描写)
【答案】Watched by the audience
【详解】考查过去分词。根据句意，表示“注视”应为watch，表示“观众”应为the audience，根据提示和句意可知，此处为过去分词作状语，watch与句子主语Tom之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式，表示“关注”的发出者应为“the audience”，其前需使用介词by，所以“在观众的注视下”应为watched by the audience，且位于句首，watched的首字母需大写。故填Watched by the audience。
6. 讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。
There are countless articles ________________.
【答案】telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient
【详解】考查现在分词作后置定语和形容词。表示“讲述”应用动词tell，与articles之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语；表示“互联网”应用the Internet，作宾语从句的主语；表示“使；让”应用动词make，作宾语从句的谓语动词，由句意知此处应用现在完成时；表示“更方便的”应用形容词比较级 more convenient，作宾语补足语，故答案为telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient。
7. 那一刻，他们感到脚下的大地正在颤抖；他们听到远处有屋顶坍塌的巨响。
At that moment, they felt the earth ________ beneath their feet; beyond in the ________, they heard the crash of falling roofs.
【答案】shaking; distance
【详解】考查非谓语动词及名词。根据句意，空1应为动词shake，词义为“颤抖”，且照应固定搭配feel sb/sth doing sth“感觉到……正在做……”，应用shaking；空2应为固定搭配in the distance“在远处”。故填①shaking；②distance。
8. 也许新一代的科学家汲取中医的智慧，确实能发现更多有益于全世界医疗的药物。
Perhaps the next generation of scientists, ________ ________ the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines ________ to global health care.
【答案】drawing on; beneficial
【详解】考查动词短语和形容词。前两空表示“汲取”，使用动词短语draw on，句中有谓语“will discover”，故此处使用非谓语动词形式，draw on的逻辑主语是“the next generation of scientists”，两者之间是主谓关系，故使用现在分词作状语；最后一空表示“有益”，使用形容词beneficial作后置定语，修饰名词“medicine”。故填①drawing②on③beneficial。
9. 12月20日，由海底地震引发的巨浪接连席卷了金海岸附近海域，造成数千人死亡。
On 20 December, a series of huge waves ________ ________ an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.
【答案】caused; by
【详解】考查非谓语。根据汉语提示可知，“造成”为cause，与a series of huge waves为被动关系，用过去分词。介词by引出施动者an undersea earthquake。故填caused by。
10. 把所有事情都考虑在内，你最好还是邀请他来参加你的生日聚会。(用with结构)
________________, you’d better invite him to your birthday party.
【答案】With all things considered
【详解】考查with的复合结构。对比中英文可知，空处表示“把所有事情都考虑在内”，可用with的复合结构说明该背景情况，宾语“所有事情”可用名词短语all things，“考虑”可用动词consider，consider和all things逻辑上是被动关系，应用consider的过去分词形式作宾语补足语，因空处位于句首，with的首字母需大写。故填With all things considered。
Ⅲ 句型转换
1. The experts who will be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad.(用非谓语形式改写划
线部分)
【答案】The experts to be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad.
【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意：应邀参加会议的专家是来自国内外的教授。who will be invited to the meeting是who引导的限制性定语从句，作experts的后置定语，由will be invited可知，是将来被邀请，因此用不定式的被动语态to be invited作experts的后置定语，因此句子改写为The experts to be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad，故答案为The experts to be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad.
2. She took the dress out of the closet and tried it on, but found it didn’t fit.(用不定式改写句子)
【答案】She took the dress off out of the closet and tried it on, only to find it didn’t fit.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她从壁橱里拿出那条裙子试了试，但发现不合身。only+不定式，表示意料之外的结果，所以此处用不定式作结果状语，find和she之间是逻辑主动关系，用不定式的一般式即可。故句子改写为She took the dress off out of the closet and tried it on, only to find it didn’t fit.。
3. The girl who is singing an English song on the stage is Tom’s sister.
→________________________(动词-ing形式作定语)
【答案】The girl singing an English song on the stage is Tom’s sister.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在舞台上唱英文歌的那个女孩是汤姆的妹妹。is是谓语，定语从句who is singing an English song on the stage可以转换为非谓语动词作定语，动词sing和主语The girl为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词短语singing an English song on the stage作后置定语。故答案为：The girl singing an English song on the stage is Tom’s sister.
4. A man who lives in the village rarely sees subways.(用动词-ing形式改写)
【答案】A man living in the village rarely sees subways.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：住在村子里的人很少看到地铁。分析原句可知，本句是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a man，可以转换为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰a man，a man和live为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，即将who lives改为living。故填A man living in the village rarely sees subways.
5. She is the first blind student that will study in this university.(用不定式改写句子)
【答案】She is the first blind student to study in this university.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她是将在这所大学学习的第一个盲人学生。根据句意以及句子结构可知，“第一个……人”可以使用不定式结构充当后置定语the first person to do，“第一个盲人学生”可以是the first blind student to study in this university，故答案是She is the first blind student to study in this university。
6. On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly observed that the sun was rising from the sea.(句型转换)
→On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly ________________ from the sea.
【答案】observed the sun rising
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：在泰山顶上，人们兴奋地看着太阳从海面升起。根据“observed that the sun was rising from the sea”可知，此处应用一般过去时。that从句的部分可以用observe...doing意为“看到……正在做某事”改写，此处用现在分词表示正在进行的动作，作宾语补足语。动词rise意为“升起”。故填observed the sun rising。
7. After we had sent satellites into space, we began to wonder whether it was safe for a human to go into space.
→________________________ .(having done结构)
【答案】Having sent satellites into space, we began to wonder whether it was safe for a human to go into space.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：把人造卫星送入太空后，我们开始怀疑人类进入太空是否安全。原句中意为“在……之后”的After引导时间状语从句，“发射人造卫星”的行为发生后，主句中“开始怀疑”的行为才发生，且主从句的主语一致，因此可用现在分词完成式having done作时间状语，因空处位于句首，having的首字母需大写。故填：Having sent satellites into space, we began to wonder whether it was safe for a human to go into space.
8. We made a plan for the trip. It is very important and we should put it into practice.(用过去分词改写句子)
→We should put the important plan ________ ________ ________ ________ into practice.
【答案】made for the trip
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们制定了旅行计划。这很重要，我们应该付诸实践。对比两句话可知，空格处意为“为旅行制定的”，“制定”是make，“为旅行”是for the trip，plan和make之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词made表被动，因此空格处是made for the trip。故填made，for，the，trip。
9. At dusk, the tourists found that they had been lost in the woods.
→ (find oneself done)
【答案】At dusk，the tourists found themselves lost in the woods.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：黄昏时，游客们发现自己在树林里迷了路。find oneself done表示“发现自己(处于某状态)”，they提示，用反身代词themselves，迷路lost表示状态，作宾补，故答案为At dusk, the tourists found themselves lost in the woods.
10. As it is known as the longest wall in the world, the Great Wall attracts millions of tourists every year.(改成过去分词短语作状语)
【答案】Known as the longest wall in the world, the Great Wall attracts millions of tourists every year.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长城被誉为世界上最长的长城，每年吸引数以百万计的游客。题干中的原因状语从句可替换为分词作状语；be known as“被认为是”，此处省略be，用过去分词形式作状语，故答案为Known as the longest wall in the world, the Great Wall attracts millions of tourists every year.2023-2024学年高一英语下学期期末复习：非谓语动词(译林版2020)
一. 不定式作定语和结果状语
1. 不定式作定语
(1)不定式作定语常表示将来的动作；不定式的被动式to be done作定语表示将来、被动的动作。
Mr. Smith is an honest man. He is a good person to work with.史密斯先生是一个诚实的人。他是一个很好共事的人。
The house to be built there soon will be a library for the workers.那里即将建成的房子将成为工人们的图书馆。
(2)不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。
I had no pen to write with so he had to borrow one from his classmate.
我没有钢笔写字，不得不从同学那儿借了一支。
(3)当中心词为序数词、最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰，且该中心词是作定语的非谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者时，多用不定式作定语。
Columbus was the first to discover the New Continent.哥伦布是第一个发现新大陆的人。
(4)被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。、
2. 不定式作结果状语
不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，常用于下列结构：only to(不料……)、enough to(足够……)、too...to...(太……而不能……)、so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。
Having saved adequate money for his dream guitar, the little boy hurried to the store, only to be told that it had been sold to someone else.攒了足够的 买他梦寐以求的吉他的钱后，小男孩急忙赶到商店，却被告知吉他已经卖给别人了。
It is interesting enough to attract millions of people.它很有趣，足以吸引数百万人。
I’m too tired to stay up any longer. 我太累了，不能再熬夜了。
二. 分词作定语
1. 分词(V-ing/ V-ed)作定语
(1)及物动词的分词形式作定语
作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being＋过去分词”、过去分词。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在分词；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表正在进行时，用“being＋过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完成或状态时，用过去分词。
The girls wearing traditional costumes look so attractive.穿着传统服装的女孩看起来很有吸引力。(主动)
We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。(被动、正在进行)
Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet, I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town.看过不少哈姆雷特的作品后，我充满了信心——直到京剧来到城里。(主动，完成)
These regions have each developed their own characteristics based on traditional kite-making craftsmanship (手艺).这些地区都在传统风筝制作工艺的基础上发展出了自己的特色。(被动、完成)
(2)不及物动词的分词形式作定语
作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词只表示一个动作已完成，不表被动。
falling leaves正在下落的叶子(表正在进行)
fallen leaves落叶(表完成)
(3) 动名词作定语
动名词作定语常用来说明被修饰词的用途或目的。
a reading room阅览室
a sleeping car卧铺车
2. 分词(V-ing/ V-ed) 作状语
分词包括现在分词和过去分词，现在分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是主动关系，且含有进行的意义；过去分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是被动关系，且含有完成的意义。
(1)作时间状语相当于when，while，before，since，as引导的时间状语从句。
Translated into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
＝When the sentence was translated into English，it was found to have an entirely different word order.
当这个句子被译成英语时，人们发现它有一个完全不同的语序。
(2)作原因状语相当于because，since，as引导的原因状语从句。
①Not understanding this problem，he asked the teacher about it.＝Because he didn’t understand this problem，he asked the teacher about it.因为不理解这个问题，他问了老师。
②Defeated by his deskmate，he felt discouraged.＝Because he was defeated by his deskmate，he felt discouraged.
由于被同桌打败了，他感到气馁。
(3)作条件状语相当于if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Given another hour，I can also work out this problem.＝If I’m given another hour，I can also work out the problem.
如果再给我一个小时，我也能解决这个问题。
(4)作结果状语常用现在分词表示自然而然的结果，分词前可接thus。
More highways have been built in China，making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.
中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。
(5)作方式或伴随状语表示一个同时发生的次要的(或者伴随的)动作，常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开，相当于并列句。
One evening Harry phoned me，asking me to come to his flat as soon as possible.＝One evening Harry phoned me，and he asked me to come to his flat as soon as possible.一天晚上哈里给我打电话，要求我尽快去他的公寓。
(6)作让步状语相当于though，although，even if等引导的让步状语从句。
Warned of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice.＝Though he was warned of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice.虽然被警告有危险，他仍旧在薄冰上滑冰。
温馨提示 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如：lost(迷路的)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(隐瞒的)、lost/absorbed(沉迷于……的)、dressed(穿着……的)、tired(对……感到厌倦的)、excited(兴奋的)等。
Absorbed in his book，he didn’t notice me enter the room.专心于读书，他没注意到我进入房间。
3. 独立成分作状语
有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：
独立成分 含义
generally speaking 一般来说
frankly/honestly speaking 坦白地/老实说
judging from/by... 根据……来判断
considering.../taking...into consideration/account 考虑到……
to tell you the truth 说实话
seeing... 考虑到……
given... 考虑到……
compared to/with... 与……相比
Generally speaking，the rule is very easy to understand.一般来说，这条规则很容易懂。
Judging from his accent，he is from Hong Kong.从口音判断，他是香港人。
4. 独立主格结构
(1)构成：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式
(2)特点：
①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在；
②独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系；
③它表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。
Weather permitting(＝If weather permits)，they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天气允许的话，他们明天将去海滩郊游。
He was lying on the grass，his hands crossed under his head(＝and his hands were crossed under his head). 他头枕着交叉的双手躺在草地上。
作感官动词(短语)、使役动词的宾补
(1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel的宾语补足语有四种形式， 以see为例：
see＋宾语＋Error!
I saw him leave a few minutes ago.
我看见他几分钟前离开了。
Bencheley Bencheley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him.看到鲨鱼被杀，这让他发生了深刻的变化。
Back from his two-year medical service in Africa，Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.
从非洲医疗服务两年回来后，李医生十分高兴地看到家里的母亲得到了很好的照顾。
I was sleeping when I heard my name shouted.我正在睡觉，突然听到有人叫我的名字。
[温馨提示] “感官动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时需加to。
The thief was observed to enter the bank.(被动语态)有人看见小偷进了银行。
(2)使役动词make，let，have，get后接复合宾语的情况：
①make＋宾语＋Error!
The teacher made some students stay in the classroom after school.老师让一些学生放学后待在教室里。
He spoke slowly to make himself understood.他慢慢地说，以使人理解他自己。
②let＋宾语＋Error!
Don’t let your child play with matches.别让你的孩子玩火柴。
Let the work be done immediately.立刻把工作做完。
③have＋宾语＋Error!
He had the light burning all night，which made his parents very angry.他让灯着了整晚，这使他父母很生气。
Before the hurricane came, the family had the doors and windows of their house repaired.在飓风来临之前，这家人把房子的门窗都修好了。
温馨提示 (1)“使役动词＋宾语＋省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时也需加to。
He was made to work day and night，so he was very tired of the job.他被迫日夜工作，所以他非常厌倦这项工作。
(2)have sb doing sth用于否定句中，常与can’t，won’t等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。
I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that.我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话。
④get＋宾语＋Error!
She got her bike running very fast.她把自行车骑得飞快。
Besides performing and modeling, Hannah travels the world giving presentations and talks, getting more people involved in the conservation of ocean life.除了表演和模特，汉娜周游世界做报告和演讲，让更多的人参与到海洋生物的保护中来。
3. 动词leave，keep，find，catch后加非谓语动词作复合宾语的情况
(1)leaveError!
(2)keepError!
(3)find Error!
(4)catch sb doing sth撞见某人正在做某事
She insisted that she should be kept informed.她坚持要求自己被告知情况。
The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious.大部分的菜客人们都没有动，因为它们不可口。
I find my money stolen.我发现我的钱被偷了。
The hall was found thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.人们发现礼堂彻底地被打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。
5. “with＋宾语＋宾补”结构
(1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词，现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行
With the thick fog disappearing finally, the beautiful scenery unfolded before our eyes.随着浓雾终于消失，美丽的景色展现在我们眼前。
(2)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词，过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成或表状态
With the gift brightly wrapped, she handed it to her best friend at the birthday party.礼物包装得光彩夺目，她在生日派对上将它递给了她最好的朋友。
1. 分析句子结构，判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词
首先判定所给提示词是否充当句子的谓语，如果句子不缺少谓语，那就是非谓语动词。
2. 找逻辑主语，再判断与动词之间的关系
(1)非谓语动词作定语时，其逻辑主语是被修饰词；作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语；作补语时，
其逻辑主语是动词或介词的宾语。
(2)如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词；如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词。
但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用现在分词形式的被动式。
3. 判断所给动词与谓语动词发生的先后顺序
(1)to have done，having done表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；
(2)to be doing，doing表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作(几乎)同时发生。
1.(2023 北京高考) She called for action to address the struggles of people around the world ________(face) “too little water or too dirty water”.
答案：facing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。
2.(2023 全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, ________(borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
答案：borrowing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
3.(2023 全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ________(intend) for everyone.
答案：intended
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
4.(2022-2023学年江苏南京第一中学高一期末)That is the only way we can imagine ________(reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
【答案】to reduce
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这是我们可以想象的减少学生浴室过度用水的唯一方法。空格前名词是way，we can imagine是限制性定语从句，该空应使用动词不定式短语做后置定语修饰way。故填to reduce。
5.(2022-2023学年江苏南京高一期末)A visit to a health care professional is a great chance ________(educate) your child on the potential risks of e-cigarette use.
【答案】to educate
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：去看专业医生是一个很好的机会，让你的孩子了解使用电子烟的潜在风险。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词chance。故填to educate。
6.(2022-2023学年江苏扬州高一期末)The house ________(build) there soon will be a library.
【答案】to be built
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里不久要建的房子将是一座图书馆。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词the house，二者之间为被动关系；结合后面的will可知，此处表示将来，应用to be done结构。故填to be build。
7.(2022-2023学年江苏南京第一中学高一期末)That morning, I turned on the TV for some local news, only ________(hear) that a hurricane was on its way.
【答案】to hear
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那天早上，我打开电视看一些本地新闻，却听到飓风就要来了。此处是“only+动词不定式”作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。故填to hear。
8.(2022-2023学年江苏南京第一中学高一期末)He raced out of his house, only ________(find) the key locked inside.
【答案】to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他跑出家门，却发现钥匙锁在屋里。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里要用动词不定式，表示出乎意料的结果，作结果状语。故填to find。
9.(2022-2023学年江苏天一中学高一期末)It’s amazing that the boy can swim across the river ________(measure) 100 meters wide.
【答案】measuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这男孩能游过那条宽100米的河，真是令人惊奇。“(measure) 100 meters wide.”作后置定语，修饰名词river，动词measure“(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为”应用非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the river之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填measuring。
10.(2022-2023学年江苏常州高一期末)Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and a packed lunch ________(consist) of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert.
【答案】consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校为学生提供早餐、晚餐和包括三明治、饮料和甜点的盒装午餐。分析句子结构可知，consist of为非谓语动词短语，无被动形式，主动表被动，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud ________(shoot) from the top of the
volcano.
2. With spring ________(approach), nature seems to be awaken from a sound sleep.
3. ________(witness) an increase in foreign legal conflicts recently, China is expected to see the number continue to rise.
4. However, they are quite comfortable ________(communicate) with their friends.
5. Many people came to help, ________(donate) food and clothes to charities.
6. ________(judge) from the data of the State Information Center, Chinese economy is recovering from covid-19 gradually.
7. The lantern Festival is the first full moon night in Chinese lunar year, ________(indicate) harmony, reunion, and the coming back of the spring.
8. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, ________(relieve)feelings of homesickness.
9. The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail ________(weave) in the air.
10. The music took me through the twists and turns of a classic story about a young couple ________(tear) apart by their families.
11. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ________(return) to our shop for quality problems.
12. With measures ________(take) to promote tourism in China, the 2023 May Day holidays aware cord number of tourists.
13. I fell and broke two teeth the other day and I thought I could benefit from getting them ________(fix).
14. The poor woman had all her money ________(steal). She couldn’t afford to see the doctor.
15. ________(bath) in a silver night, the countryside took on a fascinating atmosphere.
16. ________(base) on sufficient historical and legal grounds, China’s position on the South China Sea has been consistent and clear.
17.(22-23高一下·江苏南京·期末)________(face) with what may be his most impossible mission yet, Hunt gets together his team and joins forces with Ilsa Faust, a female former British secret agent.
18.________(paint) on a five-meter-long silk scroll, Qingming Scroll is a masterwork of Chines art.
19.________(compare) with women, men always prefer to stay connected with friends by sharing activities rather than talking.
20. Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, ________(award) for her contribution to the fight against malaria.
21. Once ________(expose), soil is quickly eaten away by wind and rain.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.(2023-2024学年高一上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。
Chickens and even pigs were ________ ________ ________ ________, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
2. 我们应该足够勇敢来接受新的挑战，选择我们自己的道路。
We should be ________ ________ new challenges and choose our own path.
3. 这才只是刚刚开始，今后还有很多事情要做呢。
This is just the beginning, and ________________.
4. 她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的前兆。
It immediately ________ ________ her that these were signs of an ________ tsunami.
5. 在观众的注视下，汤姆走上舞台，手心直冒汗。(过去分词作状语)
________________, Tom stepped onto the stage, with his palms sweating.(读后续写—场景描写)
6. 讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。
There are countless articles ________________.
7. 那一刻，他们感到脚下的大地正在颤抖；他们听到远处有屋顶坍塌的巨响。
At that moment, they felt the earth ________ beneath their feet; beyond in the ________, they heard the crash of falling roofs.
8. 也许新一代的科学家汲取中医的智慧，确实能发现更多有益于全世界医疗的药物。
Perhaps the next generation of scientists, ________ ________ the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines ________ to global health care.
9. 12月20日，由海底地震引发的巨浪接连席卷了金海岸附近海域，造成数千人死亡。
On 20 December, a series of huge waves ________ ________ an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.
10. 把所有事情都考虑在内，你最好还是邀请他来参加你的生日聚会。(用with结构)
________________, you’d better invite him to your birthday party.
Ⅲ 句型转换
1. The experts who will be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad.(用非谓语形式改写划线部分)
2. She took the dress out of the closet and tried it on, but found it didn’t fit.(用不定式改写句子)
3. The girl who is singing an English song on the stage is Tom’s sister.
→________________________(动词-ing形式作定语)
4. A man who lives in the village rarely sees subways.(用动词-ing形式改写)
5. She is the first blind student that will study in this university.(用不定式改写句子)
6. On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly observed that the sun was rising from the sea.(句型转换)
→On the top of Mount Tai, people excitedly ________________ from the sea.
7. After we had sent satellites into space, we began to wonder whether it was safe for a human to go into space.
→________________________ .(having done结构)
8. We made a plan for the trip. It is very important and we should put it into practice.(用过去分词改写句子)
→We should put the important plan ________ ________ ________ ________ into practice.
9. At dusk, the tourists found that they had been lost in the woods.
→ (find oneself
done)
10. As it is known as the longest wall in the world, the Great Wall attracts millions of tourists every year.(改成过去分词短语作状语)
