Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?考点精析+语法精讲

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名称 Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?考点精析+语法精讲
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更新时间 2024-05-29 08:25:21

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Section A
考点精析
1 about 9, 600, 000 square kilometers in size面积大约960万平方千米(P49)
考点1 大数的读法
用法分析 本句中的9,600,000读作 nine million and six hundred thousand,1000以上的基数词的表示法:先从数字的右端向左数,每三位数加一个逗号。第一个逗号前的数为thousand,第二个逗号前的数为million,第三个逗号前的数为billion(十亿),然后一段一段地表示。
考点2 square的用法
用法分析 square意为“正方形”时,是可数名词;意为“平方”时是不可数名词。square用于专有名词时,其前不加冠词。本句中 square kilometer表示“平方千米/公里”。
我们的新家面积为165平方米。Our new house is 165 square meters in size.
考点3 in size的用法
用法分析 in size意为“(面积、体积等)大小”be...in size=have/has an area of...。
莫斯科红场面积大约是91000平方米。Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square meters in size.
考点拓展 what size意为“什么尺码,什么型号”。
你的夹克衫是什么尺码的?What size is your jacket
中考链接 —Do you have this T-shirt in a small A
—I'm afraid not. It only comes in medium.
A. size B. colour C. material D. taste
2 1,025 meters deep深1025米(P49)
考点4 deep的用法
用法分析 deep为形容词,意为“深的;纵深的”,在句中可做表语和定语。
The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. 里海是所有咸水湖中最深的。
考点拓展 (1) deep adv. 深深地。
医生叫我深呼吸。The doctor asked me to breathe deep.
(2)
deep adj. 深的 depth n. 深度
deeply adv. 深深地,深切地
考点辨析 deep, deeply
(1)deep用于表示具体的深度,包括时间和空间。
她继续学习到深夜。 She went on studying deep into the night.
(2)deeply用于表示抽象的、比喻的意义,多用来修饰一些带有感彩的动词(如:hate, dislike, love, admire, hurt, regret等)。
我们对你的不幸深表遗憾。We deeply regret your misfortune.
考点5 长、宽、高等的表达方式
用法分析 “数字+meter(s) deep”是一种表达深度的方法。
这个洞大约5米深。The hole is about5 meters deep.
注意 在英语中,表示长、宽、高等时,主要有两种表达方式:基数词+单位词+形容词(long, wide, high, deep等);基数词+单位词+in+名词(length, width, height, depth等)。单位词有 meter, foot, inch, kilogram等。
两米高 two meters high/two meters in height
中考链接 —Have you heard about Zhangjiajie Glass Footbridge
—Of course, it's built over a A canyon in the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park.
A. 300-meter-deep B. 300-meters-deep
C. 300 meter deep D. 300-meters deep
3 Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何其他山都高。(P49)
句子结构分析 higher than any other mountain意为“比其他任何山都高”。“形容词的比较级+than any other+单数名词”相当于“最高级+单数名词”或“形容词的比较级+than the other+复数名词”。 any other意为“其他任何一个”,指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或事物,其后跟单数名词,也可以说“any of the other+复数名词”。
This book is more difficult than any other book here.
=This book is the most difficult book here. 在这里这本书最难。
Asia is bigger than the other continents on the earth. 亚洲是地球上最大的洲。
中考链接 —Do you know Shanghai is one of C in the world
—Yes, it's bigger than______ city in China.
A. the biggest city; any
B. the biggest cities; any
C. the biggest cities; any other
4 The Nile is the longest river in the world. 尼罗河是世界上最长的河。(P49)
考点6 “形容词最高级+of/in短语”的用法
用法分析 形容词最高级常与由介词of或in引起的表示范围的短语连用。若介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一类事物时,则用of短语;当只说明是在某一空间、时间范围内的比较时,则用in短语。
在所有的苹果中,这个苹果最大。The apple is the biggest of all.
东京是日本最大的城市。Tokyo is the biggest city in Japan.
注意 当表达……之一、”“第几大/小/高/矮……”时用最高级,而不用比较级。
亚马孙河是世界第二长河。
(F) The Amazon River is the second longer river in the world.
(T) The Amazon River is the second longest river in the world.
中考链接 Tianjin is one of C cities in China.
A. big B. biggest C. the biggest D. the bigger
5 China has the biggest population in the world. It's a lot bigger than the population of the US. 中国有世界上最多的人口,比美国人口多得多。(P50)
考点7 population的用法
用法分析 population意为“人口”,做主语时谓语用单数。
这个镇的人口大约是两万。The population of the town is about twenty thousand.
考点拓展 (1)“分数/百分数+ of the population”做主语时,谓语用复数。
这个镇三分之二的人是富人。Two thirds of the population of the town are very rich.
(2)对人口提问不用 how many/how much,而用what或 how large/big。
中国有多少人口?What's the population of China =How large is the population of China
(3)表明人口的“多”或“少”用 large/big或 small,不用many/few, much/little。
北京人口很多。 Beijing has large population.
(4)说某地有多少人口,常用...have/has a population of...The population of...is...。
青岛的人口有八百多万。Qingdao has a population of more than eight million
考点8 比较级的修饰语
用法分析 lot bigger多得多, bigger是比较级,前面用a lot修饰。在比较级前面加a lot, little, much, a bit, still, even, far等可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级,表示程度,起强调作用。
我的房间比你的稍小一点儿。 My room is little smaller than yours.
注意 比较级前不可用very, so, quite, too等词修饰。
这支钢笔比那支贵多了。
误:This pen is very more expensive than that one.
正:This pen is much more expensive than that one.
中考链接 —Is it D cheaper and ______ enjoyable to travel by train than by plane
—Yes, I think so.
A. very; very more B. even; a little
C. more; much more D. much; far more
6 Feel free to ask me anything on today's Great Wall tour任何有关今天游览长城的事大家可以随意问我。(P50)
考点9 feel free to...的用法
用法分析 feel free to...意为“(可以)随便(做某事)”,是常用的英语口语表达,其后接动词不定式。
请随意提问。 Please feel free to ask any questions.
考点10 wall的用法
用法分析 wall为可数名词,意为“墙”。
墙上有一幅画。 There is picture on the wall.
考点辨析 in the wall, on the wall
(1)in the wall意为“在墙上”,指某物镶嵌在墙上或墙上的洞、钉等。
墙里有一个花瓶。 There is vase in the wall.
(2)on the wall意为“在墙上”,指某物在墙的表面上,如图画、钟表、黑板等。
墙上有幅画。 There is picture on the wall.
on the wall in the wall
考点11 tour的用法
用法分析 tour为名词,意为“旅行;旅游”。主要的目的是游览或观察,距离可长可短,常带有最后回到出发地的含义。
我们今天下午要到城里去观光。We are going on a tour of the city this afternoon.
注意 tour+后缀ist →tourist n. 旅游者;tour+后缀ism →tourism n. 旅游业。
7 The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 主要原因是为了保卫自己的国家。(P50)
句子结构分析 本句中 to protect their part of the country为动词不定式短语在句子中做表语。动词不定式短语做表语,强调一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作。
考点12 protect的用法
用法分析 protect为及物动词,意为“保护;防护”,后接名词或代词做宾语。强调使不受到伤害或损害,常与介词from或 against连用。 Protect...against/from...意为“保护……免于……”。
你应该学会保护自己。You should learn to protect yourself.
他戴上太阳镜以保护眼睛免受日光的强烈照射。 He put on the sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
考点拓展 protection做不可数名词,意为“保护防卫”
8 As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知,没有任何一个人造物和这个一样大。(P50)
考点13 as far as...的用法
用法分析 as far as know意为“据我所知”,为固定表达,类似的有 as far as I can see“依我看”。 as far as意为“就……来说;至于……”,引导状语从句,强调程度或范围,常与动词know, see, concern等连用,可放在句首或句中。
据我所知,他将离开四个月。As far as I know, he will be away for four months.
中考链接 —We're still expecting a new movie shown in the cinema.
— B , there is no more new movies this month.
A. After all B. As far as I know C. So far
9 Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. (比这)更严峻的困难包括冰冻的天气条件和强烈的暴风雪。(P51)
考点14 include的用法
用法分析 include意为“包括,包含”,为及物动词,其后可接动名词做宾语,不接不定式。指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容或项目等,强调包含部分。一般不用于进行时态。
我的工作并不包括为老板做晚饭。My job doesn't include making dinner for the boss.
考点拓展 (1)including为介词,意为“包括,包含在内”,其后跟名词或代词构成介宾短语。
The party has been taking on staff, including temporary organiser. 这个政党一直在招募工作人员,包括临时的组织人员。
(2)included为形容词,仅置于名词后,做后置定语。
考点15 condition的用法
用法分析 condition在本句中意为“条件”,是可数名词,常用复数形式conditions。
在寒冷的天气情况下,你需要一件大衣。In cold conditions you'll' need coat.
考点拓展 condition意为“状态,状况”时,是不可数名词。
这辆汽车的状况好极了。 The car is in excellent condition.
固定搭配
be in good condition处于良好的状态
be in bad/poor condition处于糟糕的状态
weather conditions天气状况
living conditions居住条件
10 It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近峰顶时,呼吸也很困难。(P51)
考点16 take in的用法
用法分析 take in为固定短语,意为“吸入,吞入(体内)”。
打开窗户,吸入新鲜空气。 Open the window and take in fresh air.
考点拓展 take in的其他含义:
take in 欺骗
领会
包括
收留
11 The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in1975. 1960年第一支中国队也做到了,而在1975年来自日本的田部井淳子成为第一个成功登顶的女子。(P51)
考点17 succeed的用法
用法分析 succeed为不及物动词,意为“实现目标,成功”,指某人在工作、理想、抱负等方面获得成功或达到目的。常用结构为 succeed in doing sth. “成功地做某事”。
我们的计划成功了。Our plan has succeeded.
他成功地解决了这个问题。 He succeeded in solving the problem.
考点拓展 (1)success n. 成功。
她的成功给她家带来了荣誉。 Her success brings honor to her family.
(2)successful adj. 成功的。
表演很成功。 The performance was quite successful.
(3)successfully adv. 成功地。
这位老人成功地经受了这次手术。 The old man successfully survived the operation.
中考链接 Linda's' performance at the art festival was a(n) A and was loved by her teachers and classmates.
A. success B. dream C. chance D. idea
12 One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 主要原因之一是人们想在困难面前挑战他们自己。(P51)
句子结构分析 that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties在此句中为表语从句,在句中做表语,对 One of the main reasons进行说明。表语从句是在表语部分为一个完整的句子,并在整个句子中充当表语的句式。除that外,可以引导表语从句的词还有: because, what, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
考点18 Challenge的用法
用法分析 本句中 challenge为及物动词,意为“挑战,考验”,常接介词to或动词不定式。 challenge sb. to (do) sth. 意为“向某人挑战(做)某事”。
午饭后,我朋友吉姆邀请我和他比一场网球。After lunch, my friend Jim challenged me to a game of tennis.
考点拓展 challenge还可为可数名词,意为“挑战,邀请比赛”,后与介词to或动词不定式连用。
我们接受挑战,与他们打一场棒球赛。We accepted their challenge to a baseball game.
考点19 in the face of的用法
用法分析 in the face of意为“面对(问题、困难等)”。
面对危险他们表现出了勇气。 They showed courage in the face of danger.
考点拓展 face to face面对面地。
13 The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神说明我们绝不能放弃努力实现我们的梦想。(P51)
考点20 “show sb. +从句”的用法
用法分析 “show sb+从句”中的show意为“说明,表明”。
他的发言表明他对这个课题并不了解。 His speech showed that he didn't understand the subject.
考点拓展 show sb. sth. /show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看; show sb. how to do sth. 向某人说明怎样做某事;show sb. around带领某人参观;show sb. the way to告知某人去……的路。
请让我们看看你的新画。 Please show us your new paintings.
=Please show your new paintings to us.
我叔叔曾教我怎样上网。My uncle showed me how to surf the Internet.
请告诉我去工厂的路好吗?Could you please show me the way to the factory
考点21 achieve的用法
用法分析 achieve为及物动词,意为“达到,完成,成功”,后常接名词或代词做宾语,其主语通常为人,宾语通常为目标、目的或胜利、成功、地位等。achieve one's dream=make one's dream come true,意为“实现某人的梦想”。
最后,他实现了他的梦想。 At last, he achieved his dream.
考点辨析 achieve, come true, realize
achieve 意为“实现”,主要指实现成绩、目标等,其主语是人 Try your best to achieve your dream 尽你最大的努力实现你的梦想。
come true 表示“实现”,为不及物动词短语,多指实现梦想、蓝图、计划等,其主语是要实现的梦想、蓝图、计划等 Your dream seems to come true. 你的梦想似乎成真了。
realize 意为“实现,意识到”,多指意识到某种道理、规律等,其主语也是人 I didn't realize (that) you were so unhappy. 我没有察觉到你那么不开心。
考点拓展 achieve的名词形式为 achievement,意为“成就,功绩”时为可数名词,意为“达到,完成”时为不可数名词。
当我们到达山顶时,我们感受到极大的成就感。 We felt a strong sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain.
固定搭配
achieve achieve success 取得成功
achieve one' aim实现目标
中考链接 根据汉语意思完成句子
坚持努力学习,你将会梦想成真。
Keep studying hard, and your dream will come true/become true/be realized/ be achieved.
14 It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 它也表明有时候人类比自然力量更强大。(P51)
考点22 force的用法
用法分析 force在本句中为可数名词,意为“力,力量”。
大自然的力量太强大了。The forces of nature are too powerful.
考点拓展 force还可用作动词,意为“强制;逼迫,迫使”,常用于 force sb. to do sth. 的结构,意为“迫使某人做某事”。
战争迫使他们离开家园。 Wars forced them to leave their homes.
考点23 nature的用法
用法分析 nature为不可数名词,意为“自然界,大自然”,其前一般不加定冠词the,其形容词形式为 natural,意为“自然的,天然的,自然界的”。
让我们一起保护大自然!Let's protect nature together!
为孩子操心是很自然的。 It's only natural to worry about your children.
15 Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous 为什么即使它很危险还是有那么多人试图攀登这座山?(P51)
考点24 even though的用法
用法分析 even though为连词,意为“即使,虽然”,引导让步状语从句,相当于 even if even though不能和but连用,但可以和yet, still连用。 even though引导的从句既可放在主句前面,也可放在主句后面。
失败,他也要试一下。Even though he should fail, he will have a try.
Section B
考点精析
1 This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。(P53)
考点1 weigh的用法
用法分析 本句中 weigh为动词,意为“有……重,重”,其后常加数字和单位词。
雏鸟重量只有几克。The young birds weigh only few grams.
我体重是50公斤。I weigh 50 kilos.
考点拓展 (1)weigh为及物动词时,意为“称……的重量”。
She weighed the stone in her hand. 她用手掂了掂那块石头的重量。
(2)weight为不可数名词,意为“重量,分量”,常用短语 put on/gain weight意为“增加体重”;lose weight意为“减肥”。
不要谈论她的体重。Don't talk about her weight.
中考链接 Daniel has tried to lose A by eating less recently, but two kilos has been put on instead.
A. weight B. weights C. height D. heights
考点2 倍数表达法
用法分析 many times意为“许多倍”,其中time为可数名词,意为“倍数”,常用于表示比较。 many times more than意为“比……多很多倍”,是倍数的表达方式之一。英语中常用的倍数表达法:
(1)“A+谓语动词+倍数+形容词/副词的比较级than+B”意为“A比B……多少倍”。
这本书比那本书贵四倍。The book is four times more expensive than that one.
(2)“A+谓语动词+倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as+B”意为“A是B的多少倍……”。
他父亲的年龄是他年龄的两倍。His father is twice as old as he.
2 At birth, a baby panda is about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos. 刚出生的熊猫幼崽约0.1到0.2千克。(P53)
考点3 at birth的用法
用法分析 at birth意为“出生时”,相当于 when one was born,为固定短语,常用作时间状语,其中 birth为不可数名词,意为“出生;诞生”。
At birth, baby is always crying aloud. 出生时,小宝宝总是大声地哭。
固定搭配
birth date of birth出生日期
give birth to生孩子;产仔
3 A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years. 大熊猫能活20到30年。(P53)
考点4 live up to的用法
用法分析 live up to意为“活到……岁”,其中up to后常跟数词,表示“到达(某数量、程度等),至多有,不多于”。
我希望我爷爷能活到95岁。I hope my grandfather can live up to 95 years old.
考点拓展 be up to sb. 意为“是某人的职责;由某人决定”。
你可以今天走,也可以明天走。你自己决定。You can leave today or tomorrow. It's up to you.
中考链接 Imagine you're Yu Gong, what could you do B moving the mountain
A. in the middle of B. instead of C. across from D. up to
4 It is 8:30 a. m. at the Chengdu Research Base. 现在是上午8:30,在成都研究基地。(P54)
考点5 research的用法
用法分析 research为不可数名词,意为“研究,调查”,常与动词(词组)do, make, carry out等连用,表示“做或进行研究工作”,其后可接介词on, in, into表示研究的内容。
他们在做一些医疗研究。 They are doing some medical research.
考点拓展 research为动词时,意为“研究,调查”,可做不及物动词,也可做及物动词。做不及物动词时常与into, in, on等介词连用,引出研究的内容。
他们正在研究癌症的起因。They are researching into the cause of cancer.
5 Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas' breakfast熊猫饲养员们正在为熊猫宝宝准备早餐喝的牛奶。(P54)
考点6 prepare的用法
用法分析 prepare为及物动词,意为“准备”。常用结构:prepare sth. for sb. /prepare sb. sth. 为某人准备某物。
当莉莉到家时,母亲已为她准备好了晚餐。When Lily arrived home, her mother had already prepared dinner for her.
中考链接 —Can you come to my party this evening
—Sorry, I can't. I have to prepare B my exams.
A. of B. for C. about D. with
6 At 9:00 a.m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. 上午九点,他们发现大多数的熊猫宝宝都已经醒来,并且很饿了。(P54)
考点7 awake的用法
用法分析 awake做形容词,意为“醒着的”,尤指入睡前或刚醒时,其反义词为asleep(睡着的),一般只做表语,不做定语,可用 fully等修饰,表示程度的大小。其动词形式为wake,意为“弄醒,醒”。
他们还没醒呢。 They aren't awake yet.
7 When the babies see the keepers, they run over to them with excitement and some of the young pandas even walk into their friends and fall over!当熊猫宝宝看见饲养员的时候,它们兴奋地朝他们跑过来,一些小熊猫甚至踩到了同伴,摔倒了!(P54)
考点8 run over的用法
用法分析 run over意为“跑上前去,跑过去”,其中over为副词,意为“从……的一边到另一边;穿越”。表示跑向某人或某地时需要加介词to。
你能不能跑到超市去? Could you run over to the supermarket
考点9 walk into的用法
用法分析 walk into意为“(走路时意外地)撞着”。
他走路时不看路,撞到了树上。 He wasn't looking and walked into the tree.
考点10 fall over的用法
用法分析 fall over在本句中为不及物动词短语,意为“跌倒,摔倒”,其后不可接宾语;此短语后也可直接接宾语,意为“被……绊倒”。
我看到这个小女孩跌倒了,碰了头。I saw the little girl fall over and hit her head.
8 I wash, feed and play with them everyday我每天都给它们清洗、喂食并和它们玩。(P54)
考点11 feed的用法
用法分析 feed(fed, fed)是及物动词,意为“喂养,饲养”,强调动作时意为“给……喂食,给……东西吃”。
在给孩子喂粥。 She is feeding the baby with porridge.
马吃草/马以草为食。 Horses feed on grass.
固定搭配(1)feed sb/sth喂养某人/某种动物。
你可以帮我喂一下猫吗? Could you please help me feed my cat
(2)feed...to...把……喂给……
母亲正在给宝宝喂牛奶。 Mother is feeding milk to her baby.
(3)feed...on/with...用……来喂(养)……。
他用稻谷粒饲养鸭子。He feeds the ducks on grains of rice.
(4)feed on...以……为食,只用于动物。
绵羊主要以草为食。 Sheep feed chiefly on grass.
9 Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the forests. 科学家说在森林里现在住着不到2000只熊猫。(P54)
句子结构分析 “There be+sb. /sth. +doing sth.”意思是“有某人/某物正在做某事”,这种句型常用来强调动作,一般对进行时态进行强调。
有很多孩子正在操场上玩耍。There are many children playing on the playground.
树下有个女孩正在唱歌。There is a girl singing under the tree.
考点拓展 (1)“There must be sb. /sth. doing sth. +地点”表示“某处一定有某人/某物正在做某事”。
房间里肯定有个小孩在哭。 There must be child crying in the room.
(2)There be表示“有”,强调某物/某人在某处是客观存在的。There be句型遵循就近原则,即be动词的数(is, are)取决于离它最近的名词,最近的是单数/不可数名词就用is,最近的是复数名词就用are,与后面的名词无关。
教室里有一位老师和十个学生。There is a teacher and ten students in the classroom.
中考链接 Let' 's save pandas! There C only about 2, 000 pandas living in the forests now.
A. am B. is C. are
10 Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries. 另外300只左右住在中国和其他国家的动物园或研究中心。(P54)
考点12 another的用法
用法分析 another在本句中为限定词,放在数词之前,意为“另,再”,而more表示“另”时,则放在数词之后,即:another+基数词+名词=基数词+more+名词。
我在这里又待了五天。I have been here for another five days. = I have been here for five more days.
中考链接 —There is C in Tina's WeChat shop.
—So that's why I decide to buy the present in shop.
A. something special; other B. special something; the other
C. nothing special; another D. special nothing; others
考点13 or so的用法
用法分析 or so意为“大约”,常置于数词或表示时间的名词之后,表示大约的概念,相当于 about或 around.
这所学校里大约有2000名学生。There are 2,000 students or so in this school.
考点辨析 or so, about, around
这三个词都可表示“大约”,但or so与 about/around在句中的位置不同。在用法上about与 around基本相同,都放在数词或表示时间的名词之前,不能位于句末;但or so只能位于句末,且放在数词或者表示时间的名词之后。
我花了大约半小时完成家庭作业。I spent half an hour or so finishing my homework. =I spent about /around half an hour finishing my homework.
11 The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long.熊猫宝宝经常死于疾病,存活时间不长。(P54)
考点14 die from的用法
用法分析 die from为固定短语,意为“死于”,强调死因是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)。
他死于事故/受伤/疾病/污染的空气。He died from an accident/a wound /disease/polluted air.
考点拓展 die of也意为“因……而死”,其宾语表示死亡的原因,当表示因病而死时,可与die from通用。具体使用时 die of一般用于疲劳、寒冷、饥渴、年老、失望、悲伤等感情原因而造成的死亡。
他死于恐惧/失望/疾病/年老/饥饿/寒冷/忧伤。He died of fear/disappointment/disease/old age/ hunger/cold/sorrow.
考点15 illness的用法
用法分析 illness表示“疾病;病”,为不可数名词。
不开心是他生病的根源。Unhappiness is the cause of his illness.
考点辨析 ill, illness
(1)ill做“生病的”讲时只做表语,不做定语。ill做定语时,意为“坏的;丑恶的”,比较级和最高级为worse, worst。
他爸爸生病住院了。 His father is ill in hospital.
(2)illness是ill的名词形式。
因为生病,他没去开会。He didn't go to the meeting because of his illness.
12 Huge巨大的(P55)
考点16 huge的用法
用法分析 huge为形容词,意为“巨大的”,在句中可做定语,也可做表语,通常指体积巨大或量多,指本身巨大,不含与一般相比的意味,即可修饰具体的事物,也可修饰抽象的事物。
河边有幢大楼。There is huge building near the river.
考点辨析 huge e, great, large, big
(1)huge指实物时,强调尺寸或容量的庞大,指抽象事物时有“重大的,极大的”意思。
我们将不得不借助杠杆之力来移动这块巨石。We'll have to use leverage to move this huge rock.
(2)great常用来修饰抽象名词,含有一定的感彩,表示“巨大的,伟大的,突出的”意思。
她取得了巨大的进步。 She has made great progress.
(3)large意为“大的,巨大的”,侧重表示三维量值,强调体积,修饰人时指个子大。此外它也可以表示范围、能力和数量方面的大,常与 number, amount等词连用。
你想要大号的吗? Do you want the large size
(4)big意为“大的”,也可以表示体积大,但不同于large。此外,big还表示给人以深刻的印象,有时含有“重要”的意思。
这件毛衣对我来说太大了,穿不了。 The sweater is too big for me to wear.
13 Some kinds of whales are in danger because一些种类的鲸鱼处于危险之中,因为……(P56)
考点17 in danger的用法
用法分析 in danger是主语本身处于危险之中,其反义短语为out of danger,意为“脱离危险”。
这位老人的生命处于危险中。 The old man's' life is in danger.
病人已经脱离危险了。 The patient was out of danger.
考点拓展 (1)danger(s) of...表示“……的危险/危害”,of后接名词、代词或动名词形式。
你知道开快车的危险吗? Do you know the dangers of driving too fast
(2)dangerous是形容词,表示“危险的”,指句子的主语能够或可能造成危险,强调主语对别人有危害,做表语或定语,其反义词为safe。
老虎是危险的动物。Tigers are dangerous animals.
小孩子一个人在河里游泳很危险。 It's dangerous to swim alone in the river as a child.
(3)endanger v. 使受危害,危及; endangered adj. 有灭绝危险的。
中考链接 Blue whales are C . We should try to protect them.
A. in time B. in public C. in danger
语法讲练案
语法精讲
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
一、基本用法
(一)概述
英语中的形容词和副词有三个等级,即原级、比较级和最高级,以此表示人或事物的等级差别。形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较,表示“较……”或“更……一些”;形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较,表示“最……”,形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可以省略。
(二)比较等级的构成
形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。
1. 规则变化
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est High–higher–highest fast–faster– fastest
以字母e结尾的词,直接加-r或-st nice–nicer–nicest late–later–latest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先把y变为i,再加-er或-est busy–busier–busiest early–earlier–earliest
以重读闭音节结尾,词尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅音字母, 再加-er或-es. hot–hotter–hottest thin–thinner–thinnest
多音节和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most difficult–more difficult–most difficult quickly–more quickly–most quickly
2. 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的)/ well(好地,健康的) better best
bad(坏的)/ill(有病的)/ badly(坏地;恶劣地) worse worst
many(许多)/ much(许多) more most
little(少的) less least
far(远的/地) farther(指距离)较远 further(指距离和抽象概念)较远 farthest(指距离)最远 furthest(指距离和抽象概念)最远
old(老的) older elder(指年长的) oldest eldest
二、特殊用法
(一)比较级的修饰语
1. 在比较级前常用much(……得多),even(甚至),still(更),a little(一点),a bit(有点),a lot(很多)等来修饰,表示程度进一步加深。
I am much older than my brother.我比我弟弟大得多。
Lin Ping is a little more outgoing than me.林萍比我更外向一点。
2. very, quite, too等程度副词一般只修饰形容词原级,不能修饰比较级。
This tree is very tall. 这棵树很高。
(二)形容词和副词原级比较的两种句型
1. the same as...意为“与……一致,与……相同的”。
His dream is the same as mine. 他的梦想和我的一样。
2.“as+形容词/副词原级+as...”表示……和……一样”,否定结构为“not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”,表示“第一个人/物在……比不上第二个”。
This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
(三)形容词与副词的比较级的常用句型结构
1. A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B. ,表示“A比B……”。
I think English is less important than maths. 我认为英语不如数学重要。
2. Which/Who+谓语动词比较级,A or B ,or连接两个选项,表示对两者的比较或选择,意为“A和B,哪个/谁更……?”。
Which is heavier, pig or an elephant 一头猪和一头大象哪个重?
Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei 林涛和韩梅谁的书更多?
3. get/become+比较级+and+比较级,意为“变得越来越……”,and连接两个相同的形容词比较级,当形容词是多音节或部分双音节词时,结构变为“get/ become more and more+形容词原级”。
It's getting colder and colder when winter comes. 当冬天来临时,天气变得越来越冷。
Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful我们的家乡正变得越来越美丽。
4. the+比较级,the+比较级,意为“越……,就越……”,表示两个过程按比例同时增减。
The more, the better. 多多益善。
The harder you study, the better grades you'll get. 你学习越努力,就越能取得好成绩。
5. “主语+谓语动词+the+比较级+of the two+...”意为“主语是两者中较……的那个。”,是特指的情况。
Jack is the taller of the two. 杰克是两个人中较高的一个。
6. 主语+谓语动词+比较级+ than any other+单数名词. 表示“一个人或物比同一范围内的任何其他一个都……”。
Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。
(四)形容词与副词的最高级的常用句型
形容词与副词的最高级常用于三者或三者以上人或事(物)之间的比较,在表示最高程度,即表示其中一个在某方面“最……”时使用。在句中使用时,形容词最高级前通常用the,句中常含有表示比较范围的介词of或in;of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词,in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词,常用句型结构为:
1. 主语+be+the+形容词最高级(+名词/代词)+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的(……)”。
Spring is the best season of year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。
2. 主语实义动词(+the)+副词最高级+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的”。
Jack works (the) hardest in our class. 在我们班杰克学习最努力。
3. 主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……
的……之一”。
New York is one of the biggest cities in the world. 纽约是世界上最大的城市之一。
4. 主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语. 意为“……在……中是第几……的……”。
The Yangtze River is the first longest river in our country. 长江是我们国家的第一长河。
5. Which/Who+谓语动词(+the)+最高级,A,B or C 意为“A、B和C,哪个/谁最……?”。
Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon 太阳地球和月球,哪一个最大?
Who runs (the) fastest, Kate, Tom or Mike 谁跑得最快,凯特、汤姆还是迈克?
(五)比较级的替代
使用比较级时,前后两个比较项要保持一致。若前一个比较项是不可数名词,则后一个比较项可为替代词that。若前一个比较项是复数名词,则后一个比较项可为替代词those。
The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter. 在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。
There are more students in Class 1 than those in Class2. 一班的学生比二班的学生多。
三、注意事项
1. 使用比较级的基本原则:不做比较用原级,两者比较用比较级,多者比较用最高级。
2. 比较的对象要保持前后一致。
Your coat looks more beautiful than mine. 你的大衣比我的好看。
3. 避免将主语包含在比较对象中
China is bigger than any country in Africa. (×)
China is bigger than any other country in Africa. (√)
4. “a/an+比较级”表示“又一/再一更……的”。
My daughter has a doll, but she wants a bigger one. 我女儿有一个玩具娃娃,但是她还想要一个更大的。
5. 最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时,其前不用加the。
My eldest daughter is10 years old. 我最大的女儿10岁。
6. 形容词最高级前加不定冠词a,不表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思。
Spring is best season. 春天是一个非常好的季节。
7. most同形容词连用而不用the,表示“极,很,非常,十分”。
It is most useful book. 它是一本非常有用的书。
四、比较结构的同义转换
1. more...than与less...than, not as/so...as的转换
Her sister is more intelligent than her.
=She is less intelligent than her sister.
=She isn't as/so intelligent as her sister. 她的妹妹比她要聪明。
2. 最高级与no...more than的转换
Maths is the most difficult subject of all.
=No subject is more difficult than maths. 数学是所有学科中最难的。
3. 比较级形式表示最高级意义
(1)比较级+than+ other+可数名词单数。
(2)比较级+than+anyone/anything else.
(3)比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数。
(4)比较级+any of the other+可数名词复数。
语法专练
1. Youth (《芳华》) is wonderful film, I've never seen a B one before.
A. worse B. better C. best D. worst
2. —I feel C after night's good sleep.
—Yeah, sleeping is the best way to relax.
A. very tired B. more tired C. less tired D. the most tired
3. —What do you think of your junior high school life
—I think it is one of D periods in my life.
A. wonderful B. more wonderful C. much wonderful D. the most wonderful
4. Daniel is C his twin brother. They are both 1.75 metres tall.
A. taller than B. shorter than C. as tall as D. so tall as
5. After we cleaned up the room, it looked A than before.
A. tidier B. tidiest C. worse D. worstly
6. —What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea
—Wonderful. I've never seen a movie B than it.
A. more excited B. more exciting C. most excited D. most exciting
7. Everyone knows that China is getting C .
A. strong and strong
B. strongest and strongest
C. stronger and stronger
8. Mr Brown has written some short stories, but he is C known for his plays.
A. much more B. the most C. better
9. —What sports do you like D
—Basketball. I think it's very relaxing.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
10. —Could speak to Paul I phoned B .
—Sorry, he is still in his meeting.
A. late B. earlier C. earliest D. later
11. We are happy to see our city is developing B these years than before.
A. quickly B. more quickly C. very quickly D. the most quickly
12. Tony is the best student in the class because he works B than the others.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest
13. —It's reported that Fuxing high-speed train can go as C as 350 km an hour.
—Wow, how amazing!
A. fastest B. faster C. fast
14. It's believed that playing computer games too much does C harm than good.
A. many B. much C. more D. most
15. —What do you think of the movie
—Great! I have never seen a C one.
A. good B. bad C. better D. worse
单元写作案
保护动物
写作分析
本单元的写作内容是谈论大自然及保护野生动物。我们要了解野生动物的生存现状,进一步提醒人们从自我做起,热爱大自然,保护野生动物。利用本单元学到的知识介绍一种或几种珍稀野生动物的现状,并谈谈如何保护它们。
如何写好这类文章,主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式:
※常用的词汇
protect保护
duty责任
die out灭绝,消失
as we all know正如我们所知
take action采取行动
the importance of的重要性
set up建立
the number of...……的数量
wild animal野生动物
※常用的句型句式
It's our duty to protect...保护……是我们的责任。
The number of...is getting smaller and smaller. ……的数量正在变得越来越少。
It's time to do something to protect...是时候做些什么来保护……了。
※常用开头结尾句
nimals are our friends. However, many of them are...动物是我们的朋友。然而它们中的许多……
Let's take action to protect...at once! 让我们立刻行动去保护吧!
We should teach our children about the importance of protecting...我们应该教会我们的孩子关于保护……的重要性。
As we all know, ...are very important to humans. 众所周知,……对人类来说很重要。
经典试题
英语课堂上,老师请同学们就濒危动物(endangered animals)这一话题展开讨论,并希望大家能够提出保护野生动物的建议和办法。请你根据下表提示,适当发挥想象,写一篇110词左右的短文。
现状 建议
有些野生动 物濒临灭绝 1. 建立更多的自然保护区(nature reserves); 2. 不吃野生动物,不买卖野生动物,不破坏(destroy)它们的栖息地; 3. 捐钱(donate money)给动物园或野生动物保护组织; 4. ……
思路点拨 揭示有些野生动物濒临灭绝的现状 However, many of them are endangered. If we don't help them, they'll probably die out soon.
提出保护野生动物的建议和方法 First, we should set up more nature reserves, so that they can live in safety. Second, don't eat, buy or sell wild animals Besides, we can donate money to the zoo or Wildlife Conservation Organization. Finally, we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals.
发起保护濒危野生动物的倡导 Let's take action to protect the wild animals at once!
范文赏析
Animals are our friends. However, many of them are endangered. If we don't help them, they' ll probably die out soon. So it's time to do something to protect them.
First, we should set up more nature reserves, so that they can live in safety. Second, don't eat, buy or sell wild animals. Don't destroy their habitats. Besides, we can donate money to the zoo or Wildlife Conservation Organization. Finally, we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals. Only when everyone knows this can the problem of animals' dying out be settled.
Let's take action to protect the wild animals at once!
名师点评
本文围绕保护野生动物的建议和方法展开,并发起了倡导保护动物。
1. 文章第一段运用了条件状语从句,揭示了有些野生动物濒临灭绝的现状。
2. 运用表示顺序的词First,Second,Besides,Finally,提出了保护野生动物的建议和方法,条理清晰,层次分明。
3. 文章最后用Let's...祈使句发起了保护濒危野生动物的倡导。