Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 考点精析+语法精讲

A考点精析
1. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm？昨天暴风雨来临的时候人们在做什么？（P33）
『考点1』 at the time of的用法
用法分析 at the time of为介词短语，意为“..….的时候”，其后常接名词或名词短语。
我第一次去南京的时候，天气是多雨的。It was rainy at the time of my first trip to Nanjing.
2. My alarm didn’t go off so I got up late.我的闹钟没有响，因此我起床晚了。（P34）
『考点2』 go off的用法
用法分析 go off为不及物动词短语，意为“（闹钟）发出响声。”
昨天早晨闹钟五点响的。The alarm went off at 5. a. m. yesterday morning.
考点拓展
go off的其他常见含义 离开，动身
（食物、饮料）变质；变坏
（水、电等）中断
（机械或设备）停止运转
中考链接
The boss was late for the meeting because his alarm clock didn’t ___A___.
A. go off B. go out C. go on
3. I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.当雨开始下大的时候，我正在等公共汽车。（P34）
『考点3』 begin的用法
用法分析 begin为动词，意为“开始”。现在分词为beginning；过去式是began；过去分词是begun，其后的动词可用不定式也可用动名词。begin为非延续性动词，因此不能与一段时间连用。同义词为：start。
现在我们开始写表单。Now we begin the form.
固定搭配
begin短语 begin to do sth.开始做某事
begin with以......开始
to begin with首先
『考点4』 rain heavily的用法
用法分析 rain heavily意为“下大雨”。rain做动词时，意为“下雨”；做名词时，意为“雨”。heavily为副词，意为“在很大程度上，大量地”，其形容词为heavy。
进来。外面雨下得很大。Come in. It is raining heavily outside.
注意 雨的大小可用heavy rain（大雨），light rain（小雨），fine rain（毛毛细雨）来表达，切忌用large或small来表达。
中考链接
We can collect rainwater when it rains ___B___, and use it to water plants.
A. softly B. heavily C. noisily D. quietly
4. So, when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing？那么，当暴风雨突然袭来的时候，你正在做什么？（P34）
『考点5』 suddenly的用法
用法分析 suddenly为副词，意为“突然；忽然”，在句中的位置很灵活，可以用在句首、句中或句末。
突然有很大的噪音。Suddenly there was a loud noise.
考点拓展 suddenly的形容词形式为sudden，意为“突然的；忽然的”。all of a sudden意为“突然的”，相当于suddenly。
中考链接
___A___, Chinese people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival by enjoying the full moon and eating mooncakes.
A. Quickly B. Suddenly C. Secretly D. Traditionally
5. I called at seven and you didn’t pick up.我七点打的电话，你没接。（P34）
『考点6』 pick up的用法
用法分析 pickup在本句中指“接电话”，相当于pick up the phone。pick up本意是“抬起来，捡起”，是“动词+副词”构成的动副短语，接名词做宾语时，放在副词前、后都可以，当接代词it/them做宾语时，只能放在动词和副词之间。类似的短语还有：put on, take off, turn on, turn off, turn up, turn down, take away, put away, try on等。
你的钢笔在地上；请把它捡起来。Your pen is lying on the floor; please pick it up.
考点拓展
pick up的含义 捡起，拾起
整理，收拾
搭载、驾车接（某人）
学会，（偶然）得到
中考链接
On my way home, my friend Bill came by in his car and picked me up.（同义替换）
A. ran after me B. looked for me C. gave me a ride D. cheered me up
6. That’s strange.真奇怪。（P34）
『考点7』 strange的用法
用法分析 strange为形容词，意为“奇特的；奇怪的”，其比较级形式为stranger，最高级形式为strangest，副词形式为strangely，意为“奇怪地”。
他竟然考试不及格，真是想不到。It’s strange that he’s failed in the exam.
注意 strange（陌生的）+（e）r（......的人）=stranger陌生人。
固定搭配 be/feel strange to...对.…..感到陌生/新奇。
It feels strange to be visiting the place again after all these years.时隔多年，旧地重游使人感到很新奇。
中考链接
—How ___A___！There are no workers in the bank.
—It’s the first self-service bank in China.
A. strange B. scary C. boring
7. Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama.在阿拉巴马州，本能听到他家外面的狂风。（P35）！
『考点8』 wind的用法
用法分析 wind n.风。
北京的风很大。There is a strong wind in Bejing.
注意 windy adj.有风的，做表语或定语。
中考链接 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
It is w___windy___ now. I’m afraid it is going to rain soon.
8. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有光亮，感觉像是午夜。（P35）
句子结构分析 本句中，With no light outside是“with（+no）+名词+副词”结构，在这里表示一种伴随状况，该结构有时暗含着某种因果关系，意为“由于；因为”。
『考点9』 light的用法
用法分析 light在本句中为不可数名词，意为“光；光线；光亮”。
房间里没有光。There’s no light in the room.
考点拓展 light的其他词性及词义
可数名词“灯”
轻的，反义词为heavy“重的”
Light 形容词 浅色的，反义词为dark“深色的”
明亮的，反义词为dark“黑暗的”
动词，“点燃”，过去式及过去分词为lit或lighted
『考点10.』 It feels like...的用法
用法分析 It feels like...句式可用来表示天气、时间等，意为“好像......似乎...…”。
好像到用茶的时间了。It feels like tea time.
考点拓展（1）feel like表示“感到..….，摸起来像……”。
This feels like silk.这东西摸上去像是丝绸。
（2）feel like表示“想要”，后接名词或动名词。
Do you feel like walking to the sea with me？你想跟我一起到海边散步吗？
9. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.电视上的新闻报道这个地区有大暴风雨。（P35）
『考点11』 report的用法
用法分析 本句中report为及物动词，意为“报道，公布”，后接名词、代词、that引导的宾语从句等做宾语。
他报道了这个新闻。He reported the news.
考点拓展（1）report n.报道，报告；reporter n.记者，报道员。
（2）“It is reported+that从句.”意为“据报道...…”。
中考链接 用所给词的适当形式填空
It was ___reported___（report）that China put its first homemade aircraft carrier in the water in Dalian on April 26,2017.
10. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上，而他的妈妈正在确保手电简和收音机能正常使用。（P35）
『考点12』 wood的用法
用法分析 本句中的wood为不可数名词，意为“木；木头”，常与“数词+piece（s）+of”连用。a piece of wood意为“一块木头”。
这种纸是用木头制成的。This kind of paper is I made from wood.
考点拓展（1）wood做可数名词，常用复数，woods意为“树林；小树林”，指面积不大的树林。
我们将去树林里野餐。We’ll go picnicking in the woods.
注意 forest意为“森林”，多指树木高大、面积大、人迹罕至的原始森林。
（2）wood的形容词为wooden（木制的），在句中做定语。
A wooden chair is more comfortable than a metal one.木制的椅子比金属的要舒服些。
『考点13』 make sure的用法
用法分析 make sure意为“确信；确保”，后接动词不定式、of介词短语或that从句做宾语。
你务必准时到那儿。Make sure you will arrive there on time.
中考链接
High technology is used in EURO 2016 to ___B___ the matches are fair enough in France.
A. make up B. make sure C. come out D. come over
11. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.当雨开始剧烈地敲打窗户的时候，本正在帮妈妈做晚饭。（P35）
『考点14』 beat的用法
用法分析 本句中的beat为不及物动词，意为“敲打”，其过去式为beat，过去分词为beaten。
他们擂鼓给运动员加油。They beat the drums to cheer up the players.
考点拓展 beat做动词，表示“（在比赛或竞赛中）赢；打败（某人）”时，后面接比赛的对手，用于beat sb.（at sth.）结构，意为“（在......方面）打败某人”。
We always beat them at football.我们跟他们踢足球总是贏。
考点辨析 beat, win
（1）beat打败，战胜，后接（比赛、战斗、辩论等的对手）人或集体。
I can beat you at swimming.在游泳方面我能战胜你。
（2）win打败，赢，战胜，后接（比赛、战斗、辩论、奖品、钱等）事或物。
Who do you think can win the volleyball match in the end？你认为谁最终能赢得这场排球赛？
中考链接
—Great！Our women’s volleyball team ___A___ the gold medal in Rio Olympic Games on Saturday.
—Yes. We see the great spirit of Chinese women’s volleyball team once again.
A. won B. beat C. lost D. missed
『考点15』 against的用法
用法分析 against为介词，意为“碰；撞；倚”。
雨正拍在窗户上。The rain was beating against the windows.
固定搭配（1）be against反对。
People are usually against smoking in public.人们通常反对在公共场所吸烟。
（2）play against sb.与某人比赛。
中考链接
Let’s put the piano over there, ___B___ the wall.
A. above B. against C. across D. around
12. Ben could not sleep at first.起初本睡不着。（P35）
『考点16』 at first的用法
用法分析 at first为介词短语，意为“首先；最初”，常用于句首或句末，在句中充当状语，用来表示一件事的开始，下文有but, but soon等词或词组与之呼应。其反义词组为at last，意为“最后；终于”。
他当初刚搬到伦敦时很孤单。He was very lonely at first when he moved to London.
考点拓展 first表示“首先”时，用来说明顺序，含有“接下来还有另一个动作或其他一些动作要发生”之意；at first与at the beginning 同义，有“起先；开头”之意，多指下一个动作与开始的完全不同，甚至相反。
I must ask my parents first, then I’ll make a decision.我必须先问问我的父母，然后我将做出决定。
At first I didn’t like English, but now I do.最初我不喜欢英语，但现在我喜欢它了。
13. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a. m.当凌晨3点左右，风逐渐变弱时，他终于睡着了。（P35）
『考点17』 fall asleep的用法
用法分析 fall asleep意为“进入梦乡；睡着”，有时指无意之中或在不适合的场合睡着了，其反义词组为wake up，意为“醒来”。
他刚要睡着就有人敲门。He was just falling asleep when there was a knock at the door.
考点辨析 sleep, be asleep, fall asleep, get to sleep, go to bed
（1）sleep可做延续性动词，意为“睡觉”，也可做名词，意为“睡眠”。
He slept for two hours.他睡了两个小时。
He had a long sleep.他睡了长长的一觉。
（2）be asleep意为“睡着”，asleep做形容词，意为“睡着的”，强调状态。
The boy was asleep with his head on his arms.那个男孩头枕着胳膊睡着了。
（3）fall asleep意为“睡着，入睡”，表示动作的过程，侧重于无意识地入睡。
The old man sat in his armchair, closed his eyes and fell asleep.老人坐在扶手椅上，闭上眼睛就睡着了。
（4）get to sleep意为“睡着，入眠”，强调进入睡眠状态，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
I was waiting for the sound of the other shoe！I can‘t get to sleep.我在等另一只鞋的落地声！我睡不着。
（5）go to bed意为“上床睡觉"，强调睡的动作，不一定睡着。一般说来，go to bed在前，然后才是go/get to sleep或fall asleep。
We usually go to bed at nine o’clock.我们通常九点钟就寝。
中考链接
—It’s time to work now.
—OK. I’ll wake Carl up. He ___B___ for an hour.
A. has fallen asleep B. has been asleep C. fell asleep D. falls asleep
『考点18』 die down的用法
用法分析 diedown为固定短语，意为“逐渐变弱，逐渐消失”。
过了一会儿，风开始减弱。After a while, the wind began to die down.
考点辨析 die down, die out
（1）指火的熄灭时，用die down或die out皆可。但die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭、植物慢慢死亡这一过程，而die out指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down用得普遍。
（2）指风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来，一般多用die down；指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡，则用die out。
Open the air hole. The fire is dying down.把气孔打开。火要熄灭了。
This kind of bird has died out in the world. 这种鸟已在世界上灭绝了。
14. When he woke up, the sun was rising.当他醒来时，太阳升起来了。（P35）
『考点19』 rise的用法
用法分析 rise为不及物动词，意为“增加；提高；增强；上升”，不能用于被动结构，后接介词短语、副词短语等，过去式为rose，过去分词为risen。
每个人都知道太阳从东方升起。Everyone knows that the sun rises in the east.
考点辨析 rise, raise
（1）rise强调主语在位置、数量或价值等方面的增加，比如太阳的升起、价格的上涨等。
The river rose.河水上涨了。
（2）raise为及物动词，意为“举起；提升”，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的，比如举手、升国旗等。
Raise your hand if you have any questions.如果有什么问题的话，请举手。
中考链接
—The price of vegtables ___B___ so quickly these days.
—Oh, no, but I don’t think so.
A. afford B. rises C. improves D. raise
15. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.到处都是倒了的树、破碎的窗户和垃圾。（P35）
『考点20』 fallen的用法
用法分析 本句中fallen是形容词，只用在名词前做定语，意为“落下的，倒下的”。
考点拓展 fallen（落下的）是动词fall的过去分词形式，broken（坏了的；碎了的）为break的过去分词形式，这两个词都可以在句中做定语或表语。
16. My brother and I went out right away to have a look.我和哥哥立刻出去看了看。（P36）
『考点21』 英语中人称排序
用法分析 英语中，人称排序和汉语不同：
（1）一般情况下，人称代词单数排列顺序是：第二人称，第三人称，第一人称，即you and但是，为了强调或承认错误时，有时也把第一人称I放在前面。I; you and he; he and I; you, he and I。
我和他都去过一次上海。He and I have been to Shanghai once.
刚才我和他打破了这个玻璃杯。I and he broke the glass just now.
（2）若人称代词是复数，其排列顺序为：第一人称，第二人称，第三人称，即we and you; we and they; we, you and they。
（3）当第三人称两性并列时，一般是男先女后，即he and she。
B考点精析
1. Kate realized her bag was still at home.凯特意识到她的包还在家里。（P37）
『考点1』 realize的用法
用法分析 realize做动词，意为“意识到”，后面可接名词、代词或宾语从句做宾语。
当吉姆听到汽车响声时，他意识到他的父亲回家了。When Jim heard the car, he realized his father had come home.
考点拓展 realize做动词，还意为“实现；将…...变为现实”，常用于realize one’s dream结构，意为，“实现某人的梦想”，相当于make one’s dream come true，主语一般是人。
She realized her dream of becoming a doctor.她实现了成为一名医生的梦想。
2. When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school.当学校的篮球比赛开始的时候，凯特还在上学的路上。（P37）
『考点2』 make one’s way to的用法
用法分析 make one’s way to意为“向…...走去，前..….”，短语中的to是介词，表示方向，后接地点名词，常表示克服困难前进，强调很艰难地走去或想方设法去。
我们向森林走去。We made our way to the forest.
考点拓展 与way相关的短语
by the way顺便说一下 way make one’s way前往
lose one’s way迷路 in a way在某种程度上
on one’s way to sp.在某人去某处的路上 in the/one’s way挡路，妨碍
3. On this day, Dr.Martin Luther King was killed.在这一天，马丁，路德，金博士被刺杀了。（P38）
句子结构分析 本句中Dr. Martin Luther King是kill这个动作的承受者，此处使用了被动语态。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。一般过去时的被动语态结构为：“was/were+及物动词的过去分词”。
主要用法如下：
（1）不知道动作的执行者是谁，或者没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时要用被动语态。
The house was built in 2001（by us）.这房子是2001年（由我们）建的。
（2）强调动作的承受者，此时若想同时指出动作的执行者，可用“by+动作的执行者”来表示。
The book was written by Mo Yan.这本书是由莫言写的。
4. My parents were completely shocked！我的父母完全惊呆了！（P38）
『考点3』 completely的用法
用法分析 completely为副词，意为“彻底地，完全地”，用于修饰形容词或动词，一般位于形容词之前或动词之后。
这个女孩完全被这部小说感动了。The girl was moved completely by the novel.
考点拓展 complete adj.完整的；完全的。
I’ll give you a complete set of phonetic picture.我将给你一套完整的发音图。
中考链接 用所给词的适当形式填空
After I talked with an English girl, I got to know that Chinese huo guo is ___completely___（complete）different from hotpot.
5. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.在那之后我父母没有交谈，我们在沉默中结束了剩余的晚餐。（P38）
『考点4』 silence的用法
用法分析 silence为名词，意为“沉默；缄默；无声”，通常指无人讲话或某人拒绝谈论某事或拒绝回答问话。常用固定结构：in silence沉默；无声。
请安静。Please be in silence.
考点辨析 silence, quiet
（1）silence主要指人“沉默；不出声”，但不一定无活动。
He looked at the boy in silence for some minutes.他默默地盯着这个男孩子看了好几分钟。
（2）quiet意为“安静的；宁静的”，指人时表示安静，不易激动，用于自然环境时，指没有干扰活动、没有喧闹声的寂静状态。
She is a quiet girl.她是一个文静的女孩。
考点拓展 silence的形容词形式为silent，意为“沉默的；无声的；寂静的”。keep silent意为“保持沉默”。
He kept silent when the teacher asked him to answer the question.当老师让他回答问题时，他默不作声。
6. More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists.最近，大多数美国人记得当纽约世贸中心被恐怖分子炸毁的时候他们正在做什么。（P38）
『考点5』 recently的用法
用法分析 recently为副词，意为“不久前；最近”，它是多音节副词，因此比较级形式是more recently，意为“更近地”，recently可用于一般过去时或现在完成时中，但不可用于将来时中，在句中的位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾。
最近我们收到了叔叔的来信。We received a letter from our uncle recently.
注意 recent adj.近来的，最近的。
考点辨析 recently, lately
recently 可指时间点或时间段。指某个时间点时，用于过去时态；指一段时间内，用于现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 I have been very tired recently.我最近很疲惫。
lately 只能用于一段时间，用于现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 I have spent too much money lately.我最近花太多钱了
『考点6』 take down的用法
用法分析 take down是由“动词+副词”构成的短语，代词做宾语时要放在take和down之间。
工人们正在拆除那个建筑物。The workers are now taking down the building.
考点拓展 take down还意为“记录”，相当于write down。
Please take down my telephone number.请记下我的电话号码。
7. Even the date-September 11, 2001-has meaning to most Americans.甚至这个日子——2001年9月11日——对大多数美国人来说是有意义的。（P38）
『考点7』 date的用法
用法分析 date为名词，意为“日期；日子”，常用句型为“What date is it today？”或“What’s the date today？”，意为“今天是几号？”。
考点拓展 What day is today？意为“今天是星期几？”。
『考点8』 have meaning to sb.的用法
用法分析 have meaning to sb.意为“对某人来说有意义”。
这本书对我的意义很大。This book has meaning to me.
8. Kate didn’t think her friend was telling the truth about the event.凯特认为关于这件事她的朋友没说实话。（P39）
『考点9』 truth的用法
用法分析 本句中truth为不可数名词，意为“实情；事实”，是true的名词形式。
你将永远不会知道这次事故背后的实情。You’ll never know the truth behind the accident.
固定搭配
truth短语 tell the truth说实话
in truth事实上
to tell the truth老实说
词形转换 truth n.实情；事实→true adj.符合事实的→truly adv.真正地，确实地
9. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.在那之后我很难清晰地思考，因为我太害怕了。（P39）
『考点10』 have trouble（in）doing sth.的用法
have trouble（in）doing sth.表示“做某事很困难/费劲”，相当于have problems/diffculty（in）doing sth.，介词in可以省略。
我认她的笔迹有些困难。I have some trouble in reading her handwriting.
我把英语学好没有什么困难。I have no difficulty in learning English well.
他现在买电脑有许多困难。He has a lot of problems in buying computers now.
考点拓展 have的相关结构：
（1）have sb. /sth.doing表示“让某人/某物处于某种状态”。现在分词表示进行或持续，have的宾语是该动作的执行者。
Don’t have the children studying all day.别让孩子们整天学习。
（2）“have+sth.（宾语）+过去分词（宾语补足语）”意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。宾语sth.后面用过去分词做宾语补足语，说明sth.与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。
I’m going to have my bike repaired this afternoon.今天下午我打算请人修理我的自行车。
『考点11』 clearly的用法
用法分析 clearly为副词，意为“清楚地，明显地”，用于修饰动词，其形容词为clear（清楚的；明显的），做表语或定语。
虽然天黑了，但是我还能很清楚地看到那些人。I can see the people clearly, though it’s dark.
现在一切真相大白。你是对的。Now everything is very clear. You are right.
中考链接
I can’t hear the teacher ___A___ with so much noise outside.
A. clearly B. slowly C. warmly D. bravely
10. But when I pointed it out to my friend, it went away.但是当我把它指给我的朋友看时，它消失了。（P40）
『考点12』 point out的用法
用法分析 point out意为“指出”，其中out为副词，后接名词做宾语时，可把名词放于point和out的后面或中间，后接代词做宾语时，只能把代词放于中间。
把你爸爸指给我好吗？Can you point out your father for me？
考点辨析 point out, point at, point to
（1）point out表示的是给某人指出方向要点或错误等，意为“指出”，out是副词。
The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework.老师指出我作业里的许多错误。
（2）point at习惯上表示指向离说话人较近的事物，意为“指着”，at是介词，着重于指的对象。
Don’t point at the words while you are reading.读书时不要用手指着单词。
（3）point to多用来表示指向离说话人较远的事物，意为“指向”，to也是介词，着重方向。
He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said, “That’s my home.”他指着河对岸的房子说：“那是我家。”
11. While my brother was laughing, the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well.当我的哥哥正在笑时，电视新闻报道了其他人也看到了那道光。（P40）
句子结构分析 本句中的had seen为过去完成时结构。过去完成时表示在过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作或情况。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，过去完成时的基本结构是“had+过去分词”。
『考点13』 as well的用法
用法分析 as well意为“也”，是副词短语，多用于口语中，只用于句末，前面无逗号。
她不但教过我们英语，还教过我们数学。She not only taught us English but taught us math as we ll.
考点辨析 also, as well, too, either
also, as well, too用于肯定句，also常用于be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前；as well（前无逗号）和too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。
My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.
=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher, too.我爸爸是一名老师。我妈妈也是。
语法讲练案
语法精讲
过去进行时
—、基本用法
1.过去进行时的概念
过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。
2.过去进行时的构成
过去进行时由“助动词be（was/were）+现在分词”构成。当主语是第一人称和第三人称单数时，要用was，其他则用were。
Linda was drawing pictures at five yesterday afternoon.昨天下午五点琳达正在画画。
The children were doing their homework from 6:00 to 8:00 yesterday evening.昨晚六点到八点孩子们正在做作业。
3.过去进行时的基本句式
（1）肯定句：主语+ was/were+现在分词+其他。
Jim was sleeping when I read books.我看书时吉姆正在睡觉。
（2）否定句：主语+ was/were+ not+现在分词+其他。
We were not watching TV at that time.那个时候我们不是在看电视。
（3）一般疑问句及回答
Was/Were+.主语+现在分词+十其他？
肯定回答：Yes，主语+was/were.
否定回答：No，主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
—Was he playing football this time yesterday？他昨天这个时候在踢足球吗？
—Yes, he was.是的，他是。/No, he wasn’t.不，他不是。
（4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+现在分词+其他？
What was he doing at seven last night？昨天晚上七点他在做什么？
4.过去进行时的时间状语
过去进行时的时间状语有：then, last night.（at）this time yesterday, at that time, at ten yesterday morning, from 7 to 9 yesterday morning, the whole afternoon以及由when, while等引导的时间状语从句。
While I was working in the garden, the accident happened.正当我在花园干活时，事故发生了。
The teacher was giving a class at ten yesterday morning.昨天上午十点，那位老师正在给学生上课。
二、特殊用法
when和while引导的时间状语从句中过去进行时的应用。
when和while都可意为“当…...时”，可与过去进行时连用，表示主句动作发生的背景。
1.主句中动作先于从句中动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，主句用过去进行时（从句常用一般过去时）。
We were playing outside when it began to rain.我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。
2.从句中动作先于主句中动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时（主句用一般过去时）。
While I was watching the basketball game, suddenly the ball flew over and hit me.当我正在看篮球赛时，突然球飞了过来并打中了我。
3.若主从句动作开始时间不存在先后关系（即时间发生）或无所谓先后时，主从句可同时使用过去进行时，此时的时间状语从句一般由while引导。
I was doing homework while my father was watching TV.我做作业的时候爸爸正在看电视。
三、难点突破
1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作，常与the whole day, all day yesterday等时间状语连用。有时没有明显的时间状语，可根据上下文语境判断。
We were having classes all day yesterday.我们昨天整天都在上课。
2.过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作，与表示过去某一时间点的时间状语连用，如at three o’clock yesterday afternoon, at this time yesterday等。
I was taking a walk at nine last Monday morning.上周一上午九点我正在散步。
四、与一般过去时的区别
一般过去时着重表示过去某个时候发生了某件事情，强调所做的动作已完成；过去进行时表示某个动作在过去某个时候正在发生或进行，强调动作正在进行。
I did my homework yesterday evening.我昨晚做了作业。（表示did这个动作在昨晚发生过，did这一动作已经完成）
I was doing my homework at eight o’clock yesterday evening.昨晚八点我在做作业。（表示昨晚八点在做作业，动作在过去这个时间正在进行中）
语法专练
1.—I called you at eight last night, but you didn’t answer. What were you doing？
—I ___B___.
A. took a shower B. was taking a shower C. take a shower D. have taken a shower
2. While Alan was writing a letter, the children ___B___ outside.
A. play B. were playing C. will play
3. Linda was busy when I went to see her yesterday. She ___B___ for an exam.
A. will study B. was studying C. has studied D. is studying
4. —Uncle Wang, I dropped by your home at 6:00 p. m. yesterday, but nobody was in.
—Oh, I ___A___ a meeting.
A. was having B. am having C. will have D. have had
5. My father ___C___ when I came back last night.
A. will watch TV B. is watching TV C. was watching TV D. watches TV
6. The robot ___A___ my mother sweep the floor when she got home.
A. was helping B. is helping C. will help D. helps
7. Jack ___D___ a shower when his mother rang him up.
A. takes B. has taken C. is taking D. was taking
8. While Nick ___B___ CCTV News, someone knocked at the door.
A. watched B. was watching C. watch D. watches
9. —I saw the light of.your room was still on at two o‘clock last night.
—Oh, I ___D___ a football match of the Russia World Cup.
A. watched B. was watched C. am watching D. was watching
10. —I saw Mr. Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning.
—That’s impossible. He ___C___ an English party with us then.
A. has B. had C. was having D. has had
11. My mother ___D___ some washing when the telephone rang.
A. does B. did C. is doing D. was doing
12. —Where were Bill and David when the teacher came in？
—They ___C___ in the hallway.
A. are talking B. have talked C. were talking D. talk
13. —Hey, Kate. I called you at 6:30 yesterday evening, but you didn’t answer.
—Oh, sorry. I ___C___ at that time.
A. am doing the dishes B. do the dishes C. was doing the dishes
14. —You look tired. What’s wrong with you？
—I stayed up late last night. I ___C___ my speech from eight o clock to midnight.
A. practiced B. am practicing C. was practicing D. has practiced
15. —I called you this morning, but nobody answered.
—I ___B___ flowers in my garden at that time.
A. watered B. was watering C. water D. am watering
单元写作案
叙述过去发生的事情
写作分析
本单元的写作内容是叙述过去发生的事情。此类话题应以记叙文为主。写此类文章可以从以下几方面作为切入点：
一是写人时，要注意介绍人物的身份、经历和事迹等；二是叙事时，要写清事件发生的前因后果及发展过程等。
如何写好这类文章，主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式：
※常用的词汇
luckily幸运地 miss错过 when/while当…...的时候 because因为 learn from从…...中学会 look around四处看看
※常用的句型句式
He/She/I was...when...当.…..的时候，他/她/我正......
While he was...he suddenly...当他在..….他突然..….
※常用开头结尾句
I think we are supposed to...我认为我们应...…
It was a...day...这是......的一天。
All of us should learn from...我们中的所有人应该…...中学习。
经典试题
上周日在秦淮河边发生了张明救落水小男孩的事情，请根据以下四幅图所描述的事情经过，为校刊的“英语园地”写一篇 题为“A Brave Young Man”"的英文稿件。
注意：1.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
2.语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
3.词数：80左右，文章的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
A Brave Young Man
It was a nice day last Sunday._______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
思路点拨 介绍事情发生的情境 Zhang Ming was fishing by the Qinhuai River when he heard someone crying for help.
救人的过程 He jumped into the river and then swam to the boy. As Zhang Ming was saving the boy, other people who also heard it came to help.
事情的结果 With all the efforts, the boy was saved.
范文赏析
A Brave Young Man
It was a nice day last Sunday. Zhang Ming was fishing by the Qinhuai River when he heard someone crying for help. He ran along the river and found a lttle boy was drowning in the river. Zhang Ming looked around but couldn’t find anyone. He jumped into the river and then swam to the boy. As Zhang Ming was saving the boy, other people who also heard it came to help. With all the efforts, the boy was saved. But Zhang Ming was too tired to stand and he had to lie on the bank for a rest. I think Zhang Ming is very brave and the little boy’s parents can‘t thank him enough. All of us should learn from him.
名师点评
本文围绕图片展开描述，介绍了“张明救落水儿童”的故事
1.文中运用了宾语从句，形象描述了小男孩当时的状态。
2.文中运用了as引导的时间状语从句和who引导的定语从句，丰富了文章的句式。
3.最后一句号召人们应该向他学习。