2024高考英语考前十天冲刺之语法填空
解析版
一、括号内给动词的三种填法：
一是谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；
二是非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词；
三是动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。
二、填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：
一看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three months;
二看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…;
三看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；
四看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。
三、语法填空两个重要理念：
一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。
四、自由填空黄金做题思路:
一是填写介词，需要考虑空前空后与动词、名词或形容词的固定搭配或习惯用法；
二是填写冠词，考虑a和an的区别，以及定冠词和不定冠词的区别以及含冠词固定搭配；
三是填写连词，既要考虑并列句中and, or ,but的选择又要考虑名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句连接词的选择；
四是填写代词，高频词是it，还有one，another, either, neither, that等不定代词。
上述自由填空一般占3-4空，其余为给词填空。
五、规范训练目标：做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时7分钟/每篇。
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心
（2024·山东济南·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we think of the Silk Road, the first thing that appears in people’s minds is trade. However, trade isn’t just limited to goods 1 includes culture.
Since ancient times, strong connections between the Chinese and the Turkish people 2 (build) by cultural exchange along the Silk Road. Some historians believe Karagoz, Turkish traditional shadow puppetry (皮影) , drew 3 (inspire) from Chinese shadow puppetry art. Karagoz originally 4 (find) its place in Bursa, a city in northwestern Turkey, and it first rose to popularity in the 16th century.
Karagoz is a dramatic form of storytelling 5 shadows are projected onto a white screen, with a multitasking performer 6 (sing) the tunes and words of the story and the lead puppeteer controlling the movement of the puppets. The performances 7 (main) center around social events and public criticism, whose primary objective is 8 (educate) people via entertainment.
The tradition’s popularity in Turkey is credited 9 people’s sense of nostalgia (怀旧) . Historically, Karagoz performances served as 10 educational tool for people of all classes. As society progresses, there is often a tendency to reconnect with the past.
【答案】
1．but 2．have been built 3．inspiration (s) 4．found 5．where 6．singing 7．mainly 8．to educate 9．to 10．an
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了土耳其传统皮影戏卡拉戈兹。
1．考查固定句型。句意：然而，贸易不仅限于商品，还包括文化。句型not just…but…表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
2．考查时态语态。句意：自古以来，中国和土耳其人民就通过丝绸之路的文化交流建立起紧密的联系。主语connections与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Since ancient times可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been built。
3．考查名词。句意：一些历史学家认为，土耳其传统皮影戏卡拉戈兹的灵感来自中国皮影戏艺术。作动词的宾语，应用名词inspiration，可用单数可用复数。故填inspiration (s)。
4．考查时态。句意：卡拉戈兹最初位于土耳其西北部的城市布尔萨，并于16世纪开始流行起来。根据后文rose可知为一般过去时。故填found。
5．考查定语从句。句意：卡拉戈兹是一种戏剧形式的讲故事，影子投射到白色屏幕上，一个多任务的表演者唱着故事的曲调和歌词，主要的木偶师控制木偶的运动。定语从句修饰先行词form，在从句作地点状语。故填where。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：卡拉戈兹是一种戏剧形式的讲故事，影子投射到白色屏幕上，一个多任务的表演者唱着故事的曲调和歌词，主要的木偶师控制木偶的运动。sing与performer为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填singing。
7．考查副词。句意：这些表演主要围绕社会事件和公众批评展开，其主要目的是通过娱乐来教育人们。修饰动词center应用副词mainly，故填mainly。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些表演主要围绕社会事件和公众批评展开，其主要目的是通过娱乐来教育人们。说明主语的内容，应用不定式作表语。故填to educate。
9．考查介词。句意：这一传统在土耳其的流行归功于人们的怀旧情怀。短语be credited to表示“归功于……”。故填to。
10．考查冠词。句意：从历史上看，卡拉戈兹的表演是各阶层人民的教育工具。tool为泛指，且educational是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
（2024·重庆荣昌·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qinqiang Opera is a local Chinese opera that mainly thrives (繁荣) in north west China’s Shaanxi Province, as well as its neighboring regions, like Gansu and Qinghai Provinces. It has the most ancient and 11 (large) musical system of all Chinese operas.
12 (arise) from local folk songs and dance forms in the Yellow River Valley, 13 is the birthplace of Chinese culture, the opera first appeared in the Qin Dynasty. 14 (it) time-honored history has offered Qinqiang Opera a reputation as the forefather 15 Chinese operas.
Its contents usually feature such themes as anti-aggression (反侵略) wars, as well as a number of other 16 (topic) of strong human interest that reflect the characteristics of local people.
Qinqiang Opera is also one of the earliest operatic musical systems to reflect the emotions of human beings. 17 (equip) with a set of performing skills created by the artists, Qinqiang Opera 18 (influence) other operatic forms for long. During the Qing Dynasty, Qinqiang Opera entered Beijing and 19 (direct) affected the formation of Peking Opera. Qinqiang Opera thrived during 20 rule of Emperor Qianlong when Qinqiang troupes (剧团) were distributed throughout the country.
【答案】
11．largest 12．Arising 13．which 14．Its 15．of 16．topics 17．Equipped 18．has influenced/has been influencing 19．directly 20．the
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了秦腔的历史及其艺术特色。
11．考查形容词最高级。句意：它拥有中国所有戏曲中最古老、最大的音乐体系。根据上文 the most ancient 及连词 and 可知，空处应与上文一致，使用形容词最高级，表示“最古老且最大的音乐体系”。故填largest。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：秦腔起源于黄河流域的民歌和舞蹈形式，是中华文化的发源地，最早出现在秦朝。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语动词作状语，因与其逻辑主语 the opera之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词。故填 Arising。
13．考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为 the Yellow River Valley，因先行词在定语从句中做主语指物，使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填 which。
14．考查代词。句意：悠久的历史使秦腔被誉为“中国戏曲之父”。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰time-honored history，且位于句首。故填 Its
15．考查介词。句意：同上。根据上文“the forefather(鼻祖)”以及下文“Chinese operas(中国戏曲)”可知，此处表示“秦腔有作为中国戏曲鼻祖的美誉”，空处前后为所属关系。故填 of。
16．考查名词的数。句意：其内容通常以反侵略战争等主题以及反映当地人民特点的其他一些强烈的人类兴趣话题为特色。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，topic 为可数名词，根据上文a number of 及句意可知，空处应用名词复数形式。故填 topics。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：秦腔拥有一套由艺术家创造的表演技巧，长期以来一直影响着其他歌剧形式。分析句子可知，空处应为非谓语动词作状语，且位于句首；逻辑 主语 Qinqiang Opera与equip 之间为被动关系，所以用动词的-ed 形式。故填 Equipped。
18．考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空处应为本句的谓语动词；主语 Qinqiang Opera为单数，且与influence 之间为主动关系；根据时间状语for long 可知，句子表示的是一个从过去一直持续到现在的动作，谓语动词应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填 has influenced/has been influencing。
19．考查副词。句意：在清朝，秦腔进入北京，直接影响了京剧的形成。分析句子可知，空处应为副词作状语。修饰动词affected。故填 directly。
20．考查冠词。句意：秦腔在乾隆皇帝统治时期蓬勃发展，当时秦腔剧团遍布全国各地。分析句子结构，空白处后面的名词被介词短语修饰，表示特指，根据句意可知，此处表示“乾隆皇帝统治时期”，所以应用定冠词。故填the。
（2024·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in Lichuan, Hubei proince, Tenglong Dong is one of the world’s largest caves. The cave 21 (list) as the 74th longest cave of the world and the third longest in China with a length of 53,210 m. The cave offers extraordinary big passages and one of the 22 (tall) cave entrances on earth, 74 m high and 64m wide. The cave 23 (it) is a huge passage, only slightly smaller than the entrance.
The cave is entered at one point by a huge river, 24 (call) Qingjiang River, a branch of the Changjiang. This river first drops 25 almost 10m high waterfall, right before it enters the cave. Here a path was built about20 m above the water, 26 (enter) the river cave. The water deepens and calms down, while it is narrowed by the cave 27 (wall).
The first written mention of the cave is from the Qing dynasty. The cave was 28 (original) named Dong Po or Shui Dong 29 means Water Cave, probably in the meaning river cave. It was renamed 30 the unique name Tenglong Dong, after a Chinese evergreen about flying dragons (龙). And of course, there are mountains in the cave, caves in the mountains.
【答案】
21．is listed 22．tallest 23．itself 24．called 25．an 26．entering 27．walls 28．originally 29．that/which 30．with
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了位于中国湖北省利川市的世界最大洞穴之一——腾龙洞。腾龙洞以其53210米的长度位列世界第74长洞穴，同时也是中国第三长洞穴，拥有极为壮观的大通道和地球上最高的洞口之一。
21．考查时态。句意：该洞被列为世界第74大洞，中国第三大洞，全长53210米。此处缺少谓语，同时表示被动意义，叙述客观事实，为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为cave，谓语用单数。故填is listed。
22．考查形容词。句意：这个洞穴提供了非凡的大通道和地球上最高的洞穴入口之一，高74米，宽64米。结合后面的on earth在全球的范围之内，因此使用最高级，故填tallest。
23．考查代词。句意：洞穴本身是一条巨大的通道，只比入口略小。此处作前面the cave的同位语，指这个岩洞本身，故填itself。
24．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个洞穴一度被一条叫做清江的大河进入，清江是长江的一条支流。此处call与前面的river构成动宾关系，表示被动意义，过去分词作定语。故填called。
25．考查冠词。句意：这条河在进入洞穴之前，首先落下了一个近10米高的瀑布。此处waterfall为泛指，且almost是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这里，一条小路建在水面上大约20米的地方，进入河洞。此处enter与path为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填entering。
27．考查名词。句意：由于岩壁的作用，水变得越来越深，越来越平静。此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填walls。
28．考查副词。句意：这个洞穴最初被命名为洞坡或水洞，意思是水洞，可能是河洞的意思。修饰动词named使用副词originally作状语，故填originally。
29．考查定语从句。句意：这个洞穴最初被命名为洞坡或水洞，意思是水洞，可能是河洞的意思。定语从句修饰前面的名词Dong Po or Shui Dong，在作主语，指物，故填that/which。
30．考查介词。句意：它被重新命名为“腾龙洞”，这是一种关于飞龙的中国常绿植物。此处表示“使用”，指用了一个更加独特的名字，应用介词with。故填with。
（2024·安徽合肥·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has nearly 5,000 years of 31 (record) history. However, the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than 32 of its writing, which can be traced back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7,000 years ago.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, most of the furniture was hand-made using high-quality hardwood 33 raw materials, which are now rare and expensive. Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and beech, but the quality between the woods 34 (differ) greatly.
Classical furniture is mostly made by hand. Modern machines cannot 35 (complete) replace handwork. The shapes carved by the machine are neat but the lines are rigid and lacking vitality.
The most delicate aspect of Chinese classical furniture is the structural part of the furniture—mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) bining pieces of wood together, 36 (use) nothing more than the wood itself, is a basic skill of all carpenters (木匠) in ancient China. It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site 37 the ancestors lived more than 7,000 years ago. This structure is the wisdom of the Chinese working people and fully represents the 38 (create) and artistry (艺术性) of humanity.
Ancient Chinese 39 (philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. For example, Confucianism emphasizes gentleness and moderation. 40 (achieve) that, skilled carpenters properly matched the curves and straight lines of the furniture. That’s why Chinese furniture always displays both balance and stability.
【答案】
31．recorded 32．that 33．as 34．differs 35．completely 36．using 37．where 38．creativity 39．philosophies 40．To achieve
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了中国家具的悠久历史、制作材料、手工艺、榫卯结构的特点以及与中国古代哲学的关联。
31．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国有近5000年的历史记载。分析句子成分可知，空处为定语修饰空后的名词“history”，动词record和名词history之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词。故填recorded。
32．考查代词。句意：然而，中国家具的历史甚至比它的文字还要悠久，它可以追溯到7000多年前的河姆渡文化。代词代指上文出现的“the history”，有后置定语，用代词“that”代指。故填that。
33．考查介词。句意：明清时期的家具多为手工制作，以优质硬木为原料，如今这种木材已十分稀少，价格昂贵。介词的用法，意为“作为、以……为”，用介词“as”。故填as。
34．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一般人常用的木材有松木、榆树、山毛榉等，但这些木材的质量差别很大。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上文时态可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the quality”，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填differs。
35．考查副词。句意：古典家具大多是手工制作的。现代机器不能完全取代手工。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式修饰动词。故填completely。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国古代，只使用木材就可以将木块组合在一起，这是所有木匠的基本技能。非谓语动词担当状语，表示主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填using。
37．考查定语从句。句意：它最初是在7000多年前祖先居住的河姆渡遗址的木结构中发现的。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the Hemudu site”，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
38．考查名词。句意：它代表了中国工匠的聪明才智和艺术卓越性。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当宾语。故填creativity。
39．考查名词的数。句意：此外，中国传统家具深受古代哲学思想的影响。根据句意和空格后的have可知，空处为名词的复数形式担当主语。故填philosophies。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了做到这一点，熟练的木匠正确地匹配了家具的曲线和直线。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填To achieve。
（2024·江苏镇江·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。
Restoring the Old Book
Song Jing, who is a 34-year-old “book doctor”, 41 (make) her way to the ancient books division after graduating from Beijing University in 2015. She has been working in the restoration division for ancient books at the National Library of China in Beijing for eight years.
At the moment, Song and her colleagues are working on restoring a copy of Yongle Dadian, an encyclopedia
42 (create) in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). After receiving the challenge, it took Song and her colleagues six months to research and decide on 43 to restore the books. To restore them to their 44 (origin) form, they need to gather information from various sources, such as images and texts, before they can figure out their binding (装订) style and repair them accordingly.
In the past, restorers had to rely on their experience to determine the materials appropriate 45 (use). As technology develops, they are able to use a new method to finish the task through microscopes. 46 , ancient-book restoration still requires essential manual skills, including cutting and brushing paper and binding. Apart from this, 47 restoration process also requires strong control. Unless the pressure of touching books 48 (control) in a proper way during the brushing process, the paper will tear; if the touch is too light, the paper won’t stick.
“ 49 (hopeful), I can be of some help in inspiring more young people to find their lifelong passion 50 cultural heritage preservation,” said Song.
【答案】
41．made 42．created 43．how 44．original 45．to use 46．However 47．the 48．is controlled 49．Hopefully 50．in
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了34岁的“书籍医生”宋静，自2015年从北京大学毕业后，便在国家图书馆古籍修复部门工作，致力于古籍修复。目前，她与同事正在修复明朝的《永乐大典》。
41．考查时态和语态。句意：34岁的宋静是一名“书医”，2015年从北京大学毕业后，她进入了古籍部门。make(达到，到达)是句中谓语动词，与主语Song Jing之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语after graduating from Beijing University in 2015，句子讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填made。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，宋和她的同事们正在修复《永乐大典》，这是一部创作于明代(1368-1644)的百科全书。“(create) in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)”作后置定语，create(创作)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语encyclopedia之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填created。
43．考查疑问词。句意：接受挑战后，宋和她的同事花了六个月的时间研究并决定如何修复这些书。“特殊疑问词+不定式”是一种常见复合结构，其中特殊疑问词的选择可直接根据句意确定，该结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和补足语；根据句意“决定如何修复这些书”可知，应用特殊疑问词how与不定式构成复合结构作宾语。故填how。
44．考查形容词。句意：为了恢复它们的原始形式，他们需要从各种来源收集信息，例如图像和文本，然后才能找出它们的装订样式并进行相应的修复。此处修饰名词form，作定语，应用形容词original“起初的，
原先的”。故填original。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去，修复者必须依靠他们的经验来决定使用合适的材料。固定搭配(be) appropriate to do...“适合做……”。故填to use。
46．考查副词。句意：然而，古籍修复仍然需要基本的手工技能，包括剪纸、涂布和装订。上文讲“他们能够使用一种新方法通过显微镜来完成这项任务”，下文讲“古籍修复仍然需要基本的手工技能”，上下文有转折关系，应用转折副词however，句首单词首字母大写。故填However。
47．考查冠词。句意：除此之外，修复过程也需要强有力的控制。此处特指上文讲到的“修复过程”，应用定冠词the。故填the。
48．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：除非在涂刷过程中，触摸书本的压力控制得当，否则纸张会撕裂;如果触摸太轻，纸就粘不住。control(控制)是从句中谓语动词，与主语the pressure(压力)之间是被动关系，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，又因主语是不可数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词使用is。故填is controlled。
49．考查副词。句意：希望我能对激励更多的年轻人在文化遗产保护中找到他们毕生的激情有所帮助。此处修饰豁免整句话，应用副词hopefully“有希望地，有前途地”，作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Hopefully。
50．考查介词。句意：希望我能对激励更多的年轻人在文化遗产保护中找到他们毕生的激情有所帮助。此处表示“在……中”，应用介词in。故填in。
（2024·山东泰安·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You can be happy even when you’re suffering from illness, but that doesn’t mean you should ignore the aspects of your health 51 are in your control. Exercise and sleep are particularly important when it comes 52 happiness.
Making exercise a regular habit isn’t just good for the body. It also has a 53 (power) effect on mental well-being. People who exercise regularly are happier across the board. Plus, they’re also less stressed, anxious, and 54 (depress).
It doesn’t really matter 55 kind of exercise you do, so long as you do it regularly. For the best results, aim for an hour of exercise at least five days a week. If you find something you enjoy, you’ll be more likely 56 (stick) to it. So don’t think you’re limited to 57 (go) to the gym. Find something that suits your lifestyle and preferences. If you’re having trouble thinking of activities you enjoy, think back to when you 58 (be) a kid. What sports or games did you like to play
Also, getting quality sleep every night directly 59 (affect) your happiness, and emotional stability during the day. When you re lacking sleep, you’re much easier to stress. It’s harder to be productive, think creatively,
and make wise 60 (decide). The average person needs at least 7.5 - 9 hours each night.
【答案】
51．that/which 52．to 53．powerful 54．depressed 55．what 56．to stick 57．going 58．were 59．affects 60．decisions
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了锻炼和睡眠对于幸福的重要性。
51．考查定语从句。句意：即使你生病了，你也可以很快乐，但这并不意味着你应该忽视你可以控制的健康方面。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词aspects，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词that或which。故填that或which。
52．考查介词。句意：当谈到幸福时，锻炼和睡眠尤为重要。when it comes to“当提到……的时候”为固定搭配。故填to。
53．考查形容词。句意：将锻炼变成一种常规习惯不仅对身体有益，它还对心理健康有着强大的积极影响。分析句子可知，空处应用形容词powerful“强大的”在句中作定语。故填powerful。
54．考查形容词。句意：此外，他们也较少感到压力、焦虑和抑郁。分析句子可知，空处应填名词depressed“抑郁的”在句中和stressed，anxious并列作表语。故填depressed。
55．考查主语从句。句意：你做什么样的运动其实并不重要，关键是要持之以恒。分析句子可知，句中it作形式主语，空处引导的从句作真正的主语，what引导主语从句，此处表示“什么样的运动”。故填what。
56．考查不定式。句意：如果你找到了你喜欢的东西，你就更有可能坚持下去。be likely to do“很可能做某事”为固定短语。故填to stick。
57．考查非谓语。句意：所以，不要以为你只局限于去健身房。介词to后接动词的动名词形式作宾语。故填going。
58．考查时态。句意：如果你难以想到自己喜欢的活动，回想一下你小时候的情况。描述事物过去的状态，应用一般过去时，you作主语，be用were。故填were。
59．考查时态。句意：此外，每晚获得高质量的睡眠会直接影响你白天的幸福感和情绪稳定性。描述现在的一般事实，应用一般现在时，单个动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填affects。
60．考查名词。句意：工作效率会降低，创造性思维变得更加困难，也更难做出明智的决策。分析句子可知，空处应填名词decision“决定”作宾语，可数名词前没有任何限定词修饰，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填decisions。
（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）请在横线上填入一个单词，或用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Evolving from the discovery that 61 (use) stone needles to prick specific points on the surface of the
body could relieve pain and symptoms, for thousands of years acupuncture 62 (become) an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine, in line with the philosophy that promotes the 63 (harmony) coexistence of humans with nature.
According to Records of the Grand Historian, written by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a 64 (high) seasoned physician during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having saved a prince from “death” by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint on the head of 65 unconscious man.
According to TCM, stimulating the acupoints can unblock motionless qi, 66 restore normal circulation, thus improving health. Treatments of traditional Chinese medicine, have won increasing recognition throughout the world since they 67 (list) on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2010.
Li Ming, a 41-year-old, spent one and a half years on the treatment of her dry eyes. After more than 130 68 (visit), her symptoms significantly decreased, and her eyes became moist (湿润的) enough 69 her to resume work.
In 2010, UNESCO inscribed acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yet, the practice is not only cultural and historical, but a medical technique 70 is widely used and researched today.
【答案】
61．using 62．has become 63．harmonious 64．highly 65．the 66．and 67．were listed 68．visits 69．for 70．that/which
【导语】这是一篇说明文。针灸源自古代使用石针刺激身体特定点以缓解疼痛的方法，经过数千年的发展，已成为中医不可或缺的部分，并在2010年被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产名录。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：从发现用石针在身体表面刺入特定的穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状开始，数千年来，针灸已经成为中国传统医学的重要组成部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的哲学。句子中使用了固定短语use… to do sth.，表示“使用……来做某事”，而从句中已经有了谓语动词could relieve，所以此处需要使用非谓语动词形式，用动名词using，作主语。故填using。
62．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从发现用石针在身体表面刺入特定的穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状开始，数千年来，针灸已经成为中国传统医学的重要组成部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的哲学。become“成为”，根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，所以时态用现在完成时，主语acupuncture为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has become。
63．考查形容词。句意：从发现用石针在身体表面刺入特定的穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状开始，数千年来，针灸已经成为中国传统医学的重要组成部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的哲学。空格处用名词harmony“和谐”的形容词harmonious“和谐的”，作定语，修饰名词coexistence。故填harmonious。
64．考查副词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁所著的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475—221年）的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊，曾用针刺激昏迷的男人头上的百会穴，使一位王子免于“死亡”。空格处修饰形容词seasoned，用副词highly，表示“高度地”，作状语。故填highly。
65．考查冠词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁所著的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475—221年）的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊，曾用针刺激昏迷的男人头上的百会穴，使一位王子免于“死亡”。此处特指前面提到的a prince，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
66．考查连词。句意：根据中医的说法，刺激穴位可以疏通静止的气，恢复正常的循环，从而改善健康。空处应使用并列连词and来连接两个并列关系的动词短语unblock motionless qi和restore normal circulation。故填and。
67．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自2010年被联合国教科文组织列入“人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录”以来，中医药疗法在世界范围内赢得了越来越多的认可。根据in 2010可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，且主语Treatments of traditional Chinese medicine与list“把……列入表中”是被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动关系，且主语为复数，助动词用were。故填were listed。
68．考查名词的数。句意：经过130多次就诊后，她的症状明显减轻，眼睛变得湿润，可以恢复工作。根据空前的more than 130可知，空格处需要填入visit的复数形式。故填visits。
69．考查介词。句意：经过130多次就诊后，她的症状明显减轻，眼睛变得湿润，可以恢复工作。固定短语“be+形容词+enough for sb. to do sth.”，表示“足够……以至于某人可以做某事”，所以应该使用介词for。故填for。
70．考查定语从句。句意：然而，这种做法不仅具有文化和历史意义，而且是一种今天被广泛使用和研究的医疗技术。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a medical technique，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
（2024·辽宁沈阳·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Guessing lantern riddles is an activity that 71 (date) back at least as far as the Southern Song Dynasty, 72 scholars wrote riddles on small slips of paper and 73 (hang) them from lanterns for festival attendees to guess.
Most of these lantern riddles were 74 (simple) created as a form of entertainment. Sometimes, however, imperial advisors used them to make a 75 (suggest) to the emperor.
If the emperor didn’t like it, the advisors could claim that the riddle had been interpreted incorrectly, thus
76 (avoid) his wrath (愤怒) . This was possible because the riddles’ answers were rarely obvious and clear-cut, leaving them open to multiple interpretations.
Today’s lantern riddles are still difficult 77 (guess) . So difficult, in fact, that they’re referred to as “lantern tigers” and guessing lantern riddles is sometimes referred to as “guessing lantern tigers”. Generally, lantern riddles are based on complex forms of wordplay and may be difficult for even 78 (advance) students of Chinese to understand.
Most riddles consist of the riddle itself and an implication that tells the guesser what form he or she should expect the answer to take. For example, sometimes 79 implication might indicate that the answer is a Chinese idiom, the name of a country or that it should be composed 80 Chinese characters.
【答案】
71．dates 72．when 73．hung 74．simply 75．suggestion 76．avoiding 77．to guess 78．advanced 79．the 80．of
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了猜灯谜这一传统文化活动的起源、历史变迁、特点及其在现代的状况。
71．考查时态和主谓一致 。句意：猜灯谜是一项至少可以追溯到南宋时期的活动，当时学者们将谜语写在小纸片上，挂在灯笼上供节日参与者猜测。描述事物的一般情况，句子应用一般现在时，空前that引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词activity，在从句中作主语，activity为单数名词，空处应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
72．考查定语从句。句意：猜灯谜是一项至少可以追溯到南宋时期的活动，当时学者们将谜语写在小纸片上，挂在灯笼上供节日参与者猜测。空处应用关系词引导定语从句，修饰先行词the Southern Song Dynasty，先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when。故填when。
73．考查时态。句意：猜灯谜是一项至少可以追溯到南宋时期的活动，当时学者们将谜语写在小纸片上，挂在灯笼上供节日参与者猜测。空处应与wrote并列在定语从句中作谓语，故应用动词的过去式形式。故填hung。
74．考查副词。句意：大多数这些灯谜仅仅是为了娱乐而创造的。空处应用副词simply“仅仅”修饰动词created。故填simply。
75．考查名词。句意：然而，有时朝廷顾问会用它们向皇帝提出建议。由a可知，空处应用单数名词，构成短语make a suggestion“提建议”。故填suggestion。
76．考查现在分词。句意：如果皇帝不喜欢，顾问们可以声称谜语被错误解读了，从而避免他的愤怒。空处应用现在分词的形式在句中作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填avoiding。
77．考查动词不定式。句意：今天的灯谜仍然很难猜。此处为固定结构：主语 + be + 形容词 + to do，其中不定式的主动形式表被动含义。故填to guess。
78．考查形容词。句意：一般来说，灯谜基于复杂的文字游戏，即使是汉语水平较高的学生也可能难以理解。空处应用形容词advanced“高级的，水平高的”修饰名词students。故填advanced。
79．考查定冠词。句意：例如，有时暗示可能表明答案是一个中国成语、国家名称或应该由汉字组成。空处特指上文提到的名词an implication，应用定冠词the。故填the。
80．考查介词。句意：例如，有时暗示可能表明答案是一个中国成语、国家名称或应该由汉字组成。be composed of“由……组成”为固定短语。故填of。
（2024·湖南长沙·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sitting on a lounge chair (躺椅) in her studio in northwest London, Duan Yiran, the 81 (found) of a handcrafts workshop promoting the traditional indigo dyeing (靛蓝染色) technique, admits actually she used to hate the craft. As a member of the Bai ethnic group, she was born and raised in Dali city, Southwest China’s Yunnan province. 82 one time, in her village, nearly every household boasted members who mastered the tie-dyeing (扎染)technique. Duan’s family also ran 83 company that produced handwoven, hand-dyed fabrics.
To tie-dye pieces of cloth, people use needles and threads to create different 84 (fold) in the fabrics before putting them in dye vats (大缸) several times. 85 (typical), the vats contain sky-blue-colored dye 86 (obtain) from plants. Unfolding the fabrics reveals beautiful patterns, such as geometric shapes and flowers. The areas stitched (缝) by threads remain white 87 they were not immersed in the dye, while other areas turn blue. In 2006, the tie-dyeing technique of the Bai ethnic group 88 (list) into state-level intangible cultural heritages.
Duan never thought about 89 (inherit) the craft until she moved to London in 2015 to study costume design. “When making the Victorian-style costumes, I found 90 (I) unconsciously applying the Chinese embroidery (刺绣) stitching and knotting techniques that I learned from my grandmother,” she says. At that time, she realized that a person may not be entirely separated from his homeland and the cultural imprints (印记) that come with it.
【答案】
81．founder 82．At 83．a 84．folds 85．Typically 86．obtained 87．because/as/since 88．was listed 89．inheriting 90．myself
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了白族人段怡然推广传统靛蓝染色技术，2006年，白族扎染技术
被列入国家级非物质文化遗产。
81．考查名词。句意：段怡然是一家推广传统靛蓝染色工艺的手工作坊的创始人，坐在她位于伦敦西北部工作室的躺椅上，她承认自己过去其实很讨厌这种工艺。此处应填名词作主语，需要的词义为“创始人”，即founder，它是可数名词，指的是段怡然一个人，为单数意义，故填founder。
82．考查固定短语。句意：曾经，在她的村子里，几乎每家每户都有精通扎染技术的人。固定短语“at one time”意为“曾经”，空格位于句首，首字母大写。故填At。
83．考查冠词。句意：段的家人还经营着一家生产手工编织和手工染色织物的公司。 company为可数名词，在句子中为泛指意义，它是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。
84．考查名词。句意：为了扎染布料，人们用针和线在织物上创造不同的褶皱，然后把它们放进染缸里几次。此处应填名词作宾语，fold意为“褶皱”，它在句子中是可数名词，前面有different修饰，则它需要变复数，故填folds。
85．考查副词。句意：通常，大桶中含有从植物中提取的天蓝色染料。使用副词作状语修饰整个句子，需要的词义为“通常”，为typically，空格位于句首，首字母大写。故填Typically。
86．考查过去分词。句意：通常，大桶中含有从植物中提取的天蓝色染料。dye和obtain之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语，故填obtained。
87．考查从属连词。句意：被线缝合的区域因为没有浸泡在染料中而保持白色，而其他区域则变成蓝色。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导原因状语从句，需要的词义为“因为”，可以使用because或as或since引导从句，故填because或as或since。
88．考查时态和语态。句意：2006年，白族扎染技艺被列入国家级非物质文化遗产。根据“In 2006”以及“the tie-dyeing technique”承受谓语动词的动作，则此处应使用一般现在时的被动语态，“the tie-dyeing technique”为单数意义，故填was listed。
89．考查动名词。句意：段从未想过要继承这门手艺，直到2015年她搬到伦敦学习服装设计。介词后接动名词作宾语，故填inheriting。
90．考查反身代词。句意：“在制作维多利亚风格的服装时，我发现自己不自觉地运用了从祖母那里学到的中国刺绣缝合和打结技术，”她说。主语为“I”，宾语也是“I”，则宾语使用反身代词的形式，故填myself。
（2024·广西梧州·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
La rou, or preserved meat, is a winter season specialty(特产)in China. There are many kinds of preserved meat in China with 91 (incredible) diverse ingredients and recipes, 92 (result) in a wide range of flavors from sweet to spicy. They are usually made during la yue-the last lunar month on the 93 (tradition) Chinese calendar—when the temperature is cool but not freezing 94 (dry) and preserve these staples(主食).
La rou in general refers to pork products. 95 , other cured meat, la wei, is made across China
depending on local availability by using goose, duck, rabbit, and even seafood. The preserved meat 96 (consider) to be a form of cultural heritage in many places. Similar to bacon and sausages, the Chinese preserved meat is made with large 97 (quantity) of salt, and some of them are smoked over with fire to achieve more flavor. The cured pork belly looks a lot like jerky (干肉条)but it has 98 delicious taste after smoking.
Each region’s sausage has its own seasoning and flavor. The Cantonese variation is sweet, 99 (flavor) with sugar, rice wine, and soy sauce. In Sichuan Province, the sausages tend to be spicier. It is seasoned with chili pepper and Sichuan pepper powder, both of 100 are great choices as ingredients for dishes like fried rice and vegetable stir-fry.
【答案】
91．incredibly 92．resulting 93．traditional 94．to dry 95．However 96．is considered 97．quantities 98．a 99．flavored 100．which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国冬季的特色食品——腊肉以及相关的腌制肉类，包括它们的制作过程、种类、风味特点和地域差异等。
91．考查副词。句意：在中国，腊肉种类繁多，配料和食谱各异，口味从甜到辣，应有尽有。修饰形容词“diverse”用副词，incredibly表示“极其”。故填incredibly。
92．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，腊肉种类繁多，配料和食谱各异，口味从甜到辣，应有尽有。非谓语动词担当目的状语，表示“自然而然的结果”，用现在分词形式。故填resulting。
93．考查形容词。句意：它们通常是在农历的最后一个月——腊月制作的，此时气温凉爽但并未结冰，正好可以风干保存这些主食。空处为形容词，修饰空后的名词“Chinese calendar”。故填traditional。
94．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们通常是在农历的最后一个月——腊月制作的，此时气温凉爽但并未结冰，正好可以风干保存这些主食。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式，表示“为了……”。故填to dry。
95．考查副词。句意：然而，其他腌肉，如腊味，则是在中国各地根据当地的供应情况制作的，原料包括鹅、鸭、兔肉，甚至海鲜。空前“La rou in general refers to pork products.”和空后“other cured meat, la wei, is made across China depending on local availability by using goose, duck, rabbit, and even seafood.”之间存在转折关系，用however；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填However。
96．考查时态和语态。句意：这种腌肉在许多地方被视为一种文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，句子表示客观状态，时态为一般现在时；主语为“the preserved meat”，单数，和动词“consider”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is considered。
97．考查固定短语。句意：类似培根和香肠，中国腌肉也是用大量盐制成的，有些还会用火熏烤以获得更多
风味。短语large quantities of意为“大量的”。故填quantities。
98．考查冠词。句意：腌五花肉看起来很像干肉条，但熏后味道很好。修饰可数名词单数，用不定冠词，表示泛指。故填a。
99．考查非谓语动词。句意：广东风味的香肠是甜的，用糖、米酒和酱油调味。非谓语动词担当状语，逻辑主语“the Cantonese variation”和动词“flavour”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填flavored。
100．考查定语从句。句意：它是用辣椒和花椒粉调味的，这两者都是炒饭和蔬菜炒制等菜肴的绝佳配料。空处为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“chili pepper and Sichuan pepper powder”，在定语从句中担当介词of后的宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（2024·河北张家口·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Large cloisonne (Jingtailan in Chinese) vases, striking plates and other colorful pieces 101 (display) in Beijing Gongmei Group’s arts-and-crafts factory’s studio near Yonghegong in the capital attract a lot of visitors.
Gaze upon these long enough, and you will be surprised by the 102 (diverse) of distinctive Chinese patterns traced by countless thin golden wires.
“It’s said that there are 108 steps in 103 process of producing cloisonne goods,” says Zhang Yongzhen, the factory’s director, 104 has practiced the craft for four decades. “The traditional handicraft is very complicated. No one can finish the process 105 (complete) by himself or herself. It’s a delicate art that takes dedication to every small step.”
The fundamentals of making cloisonne include 106 (shape) the object’s body; bending and inlaying copper (铜) wires 107 (present) surface patterns; coloring these wires; heating and finally, polishing and gilding (镀金).
Te technique was introduced 108 China in the late 13th century. It’s believed that cloisonne reached its peak and 109 (give) its present Chinese name during Emperor Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty. Lan means blue in Chinese. The craft was 110 (far) developed in the Qing Dynasty, following innovations in copper-smelting techniques.
【答案】
101．displayed 102．diversity 103．the 104．who 105．completely 106．shaping 107．to present 108．to 109．was given 110．further
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过北京工美展厅的景泰蓝作品，介绍了景泰蓝的特点、工艺及其历史发展。
101．考查非谓语动词。句意：在位于首都雍和宫附近的北京工美集团工艺美术工厂的工作室里，陈列着大
型中国景泰蓝花瓶、引人注目的盘子和其他五颜六色的物品，吸引了很多游客。本句谓语动词为attract，空前的主语与display在逻辑上是被动关系，所以设空处用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填displayed。
102．考查名词。句意：长时间凝视这些，你会惊讶于无数细细的金丝勾勒出的中国特色图案的多样性。根据空前的定冠词“the”可知，此处应用名词形式作宾语。故填diversity。
103．考查冠词。句意：“据说，生产景泰蓝产品要经过108道工序，”从事景泰蓝工艺40年的厂长张永珍说，他已经从事景泰蓝工艺40年了。空后的of producing cloisonne goods对process进行限定，所以此处表示特指，应使用定冠词the。故填the。
104．考查定语从句。句意：“据说，生产景泰蓝产品要经过108道工序，”从事景泰蓝工艺40年的厂长张永珍说，他已经从事景泰蓝工艺40年了。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，作主语，应用who作引导词。故填who。
105．考查副词。句意：没有人能完全靠自己完成这个过程。此处为副词作状语修饰finish。故填completely。
106．考查非谓语动词。句意：制作景泰蓝的基本原理包括塑造物体的身体，弯曲和镶嵌铜线来呈现表面图案，上色，加热，最后抛光镀金。此处动名词词作include的宾语，并与后面的动名词（短语）等并列。故填shaping。
107．考查非谓语动词。句意：制作景泰蓝的基本原理包括塑造物体的身体，弯曲和镶嵌铜线来呈现表面图案，上色，加热，最后抛光镀金。此处为不定式短语作目的状语。故填to present。
108．考查介词。句意：这种技术在13世纪晚期传入中国。be introduced to意为“引进”，为固定搭配。故填to。
109．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：据信，景泰蓝在明朝景泰年间达到了顶峰，并有了现在的中国名字。It作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语，从句中cloisonne是主语，reached和设空处为并列的谓语，cloisonne和动词give之间为被动关系，且根据“reached”可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was given。
110．考查副词比较级。句意：随着炼铜技术的革新，这种工艺在清代得到进一步发展。根据语境可知，此处表示进一步的发展，应该用副词的比较级作状语。故填further。
（2024·山东菏泽·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cheng Yongmao was born in a village in Huairou, Beijing and began to learn the skill of building under the 111 (guide) of his uncle in 1972. Although he didn’t receive a 112 (high) education, his practical experience enabled him to readily take in the theories, which in turn 113 (improve) his skills significantly.
Cheng received his first Greal Wall assignment in 2004. He led a construction team of dozens of members, most of 114 came from mountainous areas in neighboring Hebei province and were 115 (consequent) good at hiking up and down the peaks.
In 2016, he started to work on the Jiankou section, which 116 (consider) one of the most dangerous parts of the Great Wall in Beijing and is known by hikers as the “Wild Wall”. The toughest place is called Yingfei Daoyang (Eagle Flies Upside Down), 117 (suggest) that even an eagle would have to fly straight up, 118 its beak pointing up directly toward the sky to fly over this spot.
After years of efforts, the section has regained its historical appearance. “Protecting the Great Wall is my responsibility,” he said, “My physical 119 (strong) is still adequate. As long as I can climb up the mountain, I’ll do my best to lead my team, especially to assist them in gaining experience 120 making their due contributions. ”
【答案】
111．guidance 112．higher 113．improved 114．whom 115．consequently 116．is considered 117．suggesting 118．with 119．strength 120．and
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了程永茂修缮长城的故事。
111．考查名词。句意：程永茂出生于北京怀柔的一个村庄，1972年在叔叔的指导下开始学习建筑技术。under the guidance of为固定搭配，意为“在……的指导下”，空处需填名词guidance。故填guidance。
112．考查比较级。句意：虽然他没有受过高等教育，但他的实践经验使他很容易接受理论，这反过来又大大提高了他的技能。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词education，higher education为固定搭配，意为“高等教育”。故填higher。
113．考查动词时态。句意同上。空处作which引导的定语从句谓语，根据“enabled”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填improved。
114．考查定语从句。句意：他带领着一支由几十人组成的施工队，其中大多数人来自邻近的河北省的山区，因此擅长攀登和下山。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a construction team of dozens of members，指人，在定语从句中作of的宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
115．考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词短语were good at，需用副词consequently，作状语。故填consequently。
116．考查动词时态语态。句意：2016年，他开始在箭扣段工作，这段长城被认为是北京长城最危险的一段，被徒步旅行者称为“野长城”。定语从句陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语which，指代“the Jiankou section”，和consider为被动关系，主语为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is considered。
117．考查非谓语动词。句意：最艰难的地方被称为鹰飞倒仰，这表明即使是一只鹰也必须笔直向上飞行，它的喙直接指向天空飞过这个地方。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，suggest和前面的句子为逻辑主谓关系，
需用现在分词形式。故填suggesting。
118．考查介词。句意同上。此处with的复合结构，作状语，“with+名词+现在分词”为固定结构。故填with。
119．考查形容词。句意：我的体力还是够用的。空处作主语，表示“力气”用strength。故填strength。
120．考查连词。句意：只要我还能爬上这座山，我就会尽我所能领导我的团队，特别是帮助他们积累经验，做出应有的贡献。gaining experience和making their due contributions为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。
（2024·广东广州·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An ancient Chinese legend states that there is only one true path up Mount Hua — the 12 km track rising 1,800 m that took 3,000 years 121 (build). I still remember 122 (amaze) by photos of people standing on the Changkong Plank Trail (长空栈道), a wooden path only over 30 centimetres in 123 (wide), with part of their bodies hanging over the cliff. Years later, I found myself 124 (enthusiastic) pursuing the same ambition.
This is where I began—a trail initially pleasant and easy. While many chose to take the cable car 125 (mean) to minimize effort, I avoided the shortcut to the South Peak. I followed the river past some Taoist temples and climbed higher up steep stairs that 126 (carve) expertly into the stone. It took hours 127 I reached higher altitude where view expanded. 128 all directions, equally impressive summits stretched out before me.
Vertical (垂直的) ladders made higher points accessible, often with only chains to arrest your fall. By afternoon, I had reached the very spot 129 had captured my imagination about China. I just stood still, mouth open, leaning right out over the edge, 130 stared down into the vacant space below. Eventually, gathering my courage, I took a few photos. Who would have thought this girl would complete the world’s most dangerous hike !
【答案】
121．to build 122．being amazed 123．width 124．enthusiastically 125．meant 126．were carved 127．before 128．In 129．that 130．and
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了攀登华山的经历，从轻松的起步到艰难跋涉至高峰，沿途经过寺庙、陡峭石阶，最终到达梦想中的长空栈道，体验了世界最险峻远足的成就感。
121．考查非谓语动词。句意：一条耗时3000年建造的，全长12公里，上升1800米的唯一真正上华山的路径。that引导的定语从句的谓语为took，此处为非谓语动词。“took+时间+to do sth.”意为“花费多长时间做
某事”，本空用build“建造”的不定式。故填to build。
122．考查非谓语动词。句意：我还记得那些照片里人们站在长空栈道上，身体的一部分悬在悬崖上，这条栈道只有30多厘米宽。remember doing sth.“记得做过什么”，且I与amaze“使惊奇”为被动关系，本空需要动名词的被动形式，作remember的宾语，表示“被照片所震撼”的状态。故填being amazed。
123．考查名词。句意：我还记得那些照片里人们站在长空栈道上，身体的一部分悬在悬崖上，这条栈道只有30多厘米宽。介词in后面跟名词，所以用名词width，表示“宽度”。故填width。
124．考查副词。句意：多年以后，我发现自己也在热情地追求同样的抱负。用副词修饰动词，因此用副词enthusiastically“热情地”，修饰pursuing，作状语。故填enthusiastically。
125．考查非谓语动词。句意：很多人为了省力选择了缆车，我却避开了去南峰的捷径。本句谓语为chose，此处为非谓语动词，且mean“打算，有……的目的”与cable car之间是被动关系，表示缆车“被设计来”减少努力，故用过去分词meant，作定语，修饰cable car。故填meant。
126．考查动词语态。句意：我沿着河流经过一些道教寺庙，并攀爬更高，那些楼梯被巧妙地雕刻在石头上。根据语境可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时；that引导限制性定语从句，关系词that代替先行词steep stairs在从句中作主语，且steep stairs与carve“雕刻”之间是被动关系，楼梯是被雕刻的，从句用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were carved。
127．考查固定句型。句意：我花了几个小时才到达海拔更高的地方，那里的视野变得更加开阔。考查固定句型It takes/took sb. some time before…，意为“某人花了多久时间才……”。故填before。
128．考查固定短语。句意：向四面八方望去，同样令人印象深刻的山峰展现在我的眼前。表示“在各个方向，四处”，用固定短语in all directions，作状语，in位于句首，首字母大写。故填In。
129．考查定语从句。句意：到了下午，我已经到达了那个激发了我对中国想象的地方。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the very spot，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，且先行词有the very修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
130．考查连词。句意：我只是静静地站着，嘴巴张开，身体靠在边缘之外，向下凝视着下方的虚空。stood still和stared down两个动作为并列关系，所以这里用连词and来连接。故填and。
（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first step of ice 131 (fish) is getting the net, which is usually over two kilometers long, ready to put under the ice. Then the workers will put the net down at a 132 (choose) spot, and take it up in the distance of the vast lake.
133 this is actually achieved is an interesting process. First up, a series of holes are drilled into the ice of about a meter and a half thick. They drill a hole every 50 meters or so and they’ll keep doing that until they’ve drilled the holes the entire way around a circle with a diameter (直径) of two kilometers. Meanwhile, another team
gets to work, 134 (extend) the main hole using a 135 (tradition) ice pick. Eventually, a long piece of bamboo will 136 (employ) to thread the rope of the net into the next hole they have drilled 50 meters away. And these guys will continue like that around the entire outside of the circle until the rope 137 (reach) the other side of the circle two kilometers away. At the same time, back at the mother hole, the net is being lowered slowly 138 surely, meter by meter until it’s 139 (complete) submerged under the ice. In the distance, the diggers have reached the other side of the circle and are now working on digging the hole that the net will eventually come out 140 .
【答案】
131．fishing 132．chosen 133．How 134．extending 135．traditional 136．be employed 137．reaches/has reached 138．but 139．completely 140．of
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰上捕鱼的具体工作机制。
131．考查名词。句意：冰上捕鱼的第一步是把超过两公里长的渔网准备放到冰下。空处作介词of的宾语，被ice修饰，应用名词fishing，意为“捕鱼”，是不可数名词，ice fishing表示“冰上捕鱼”。故填fishing。
132．考查非谓语动词。句意：工人们要在选定的地方撒网，把网带到宽阔的湖边。空处作修饰spot的定语，是非谓语动词，choose和spot逻辑上是被动关系，应用choose的过去分词形式，表示“选定的地方”。故填chosen。
133．考查主语从句。句意：如何实现这一点是一个有趣的过程。空处引导名词性从句作整句的主语，结合下文描述具体的步骤可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达“怎样”，应用连接副词how作引导词，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填How。
134．考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，另一支队伍开始工作，用传统的冰锥扩大主洞。句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语动词，extend“扩大”和another team逻辑上是主动关系，应用extend的现在分词形式，作状语。故填extending。
135．考查形容词。句意：与此同时，另一支队伍开始工作，用传统的冰锥扩大主洞。空处作修饰ice pick的定语，应用形容词traditional，意为“传统的”。故填traditional。
136．考查动词语态。句意：最后，他们会用一根长长的竹子把网绳穿进50米外他们钻的下一个洞里。空处和will构成句子的谓语，employ“使用”和主语a long piece of bamboo之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且空前有will，be动词应用原形。故填be employed。
137．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这些家伙就会像这样绕着整个圈一直到绳子到达两公里外的另一边。空处作until引导的时间状语从句的谓语，此处可理解为描述通常性的事实，时态用一般现在时，或理解为在这一行为完成后，主句的行为才发生，时态用现在完成时，主语the rope为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称
单数形式。故填reaches/has reached。
138．考查连词。句意：与此同时，回到母洞，网正在缓慢但稳定地下降，一米一米地下降，直到完全淹没在冰下。空处连接副词slowly和surely，两者之间是转折关系，应用意为“但是，然而”的连词but。故填but。
139．考查副词。句意：与此同时，回到母洞，网正在缓慢但稳定地下降，一米一米地下降，直到完全淹没在冰下。空处修饰动词submerged，应用副词completely，意为“完全地”，作状语。故填completely。
140．考查介词。句意：在远处，挖掘者已经到达了圆圈的另一边，现在正在挖一个洞，最终网将从这个洞里出来。that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hole，此处表示“网将从这个洞里出来”，应用固定短语come out of，意为“从……中出来”，先行词作of的宾语。故填of。
（2024·四川·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In February 2022, I began learning Chinese with the 141 (intend) of enjoying Chinese culture. Almost a year later, I found myself in Beijing, the capital of China. Before coming here, I 142 (attend) Chinese classes, and I could sense my progress in the language. As 143 matter of fact, studying for just one year wasn’t enough to claim fluency. But full proficiency in the language is not necessary to lose 144 (you) in and enjoy many attractions of life in China.
The one thing that truly makes me feel comfortable is making friends and engaging 145 conversation. At Tsinghua University, 146 I pursued my studies in China, I made friends with many Chinese young people. I often 147 (invite) to have meals or leisure activities with them, such as going to KTV, which is a popular entertainment among Chinese youth. I felt that connecting with my Chinese peers through a shared passion, such as singing, was 148 (incredible) enjoyable and beautiful.
During breaks from study, I frequently travels across China. I’ve explored cities like Shanghai, Chongqing, and Changsha in Hunan province, among others. Though I have experienced traveling on overnight trains for over 12 hours several times and explored 149 (familiar) cities, I never felt fearful or unwelcome as a foreigner. Chinese people are warm and welcoming to foreigners, and eager 150 (offer) help.
【答案】
141．intention 142．had attended 143．a 144．yourself 145．in 146．where 147．was invited 148．incredibly 149．unfamiliar 150．to offer
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者学习汉语的故事。
141．考查名词。句意：2022年2月，我开始学习汉语，目的是享受中国文化。短语with the intention of表
示“目的是……”。故填intention。
142．考查时态。句意：在来这里之前，我上过中文课，我能感觉到自己在语言方面的进步。这里表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。故填had attended。
143．考查冠词。句意：事实上，仅仅学习一年还不足以让你说一口流利的英语。固定短语as a matter of fact表示“事实上”。故填a。
144．考查代词。句意：但是，要沉浸在中国的生活中，享受中国生活的许多魅力，并不需要完全精通汉语。短语lose oneself in表示“沉浸其中”。故填yourself。
145．考查介词。句意：真正让我感到舒服的一件事是交朋友和参与交谈。短语engage in sth.表示“参与某事”。故填in。
146．考查定语从句。句意：在清华大学，我在中国学习，我结交了许多中国年轻人的朋友。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Tsinghua University，关系词在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。
147．考查时态语态。句意：我经常被邀请和他们一起吃饭或休闲，比如去KTV，这是中国年轻人中很受欢迎的娱乐活动。这里表示过去发生的事情，作者是被邀请的对象，故用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was invited。
148．考查副词。句意：我觉得通过共同的激情（比如唱歌）与中国同龄人建立联系是非常愉快和美好的。修饰形容词enjoyable and beautiful应用副词incredibly，作状语。故填incredibly。
149．考查形容词。句意：虽然我有过几次乘坐通宵火车旅行超过12个小时的经历，也去过不熟悉的城市，但作为一个外国人，我从未感到害怕或不受欢迎。修饰名词cities应用形容词unfamiliar。故填unfamiliar。
150．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人对外国人热情好客，乐于提供帮助。短语eager to do sth.表示“热切地想做某事”。故填to offer。
（2024·山西太原·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the source of all life, water plays a vital role in Chinese culture, influencing both Chinese civilization and philosophy. Many Chinese legends reflect the 151 (admire) for water and the spirit of bravely fighting natural disasters caused by water. Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty, 152 (successful) controlled the floods by digging waterways so that the floodwater could flow into the sea smoothly. The Dujiangyan Irrigation System in Sichuan, first 153 (construct) in 256 BC,took advantage of the local natural features without 154 (daumage) the environment. Additionally, water 155 (give) philosophical meanings to help nurture Chinese people and govern the country, inspiring the ancient rulers 156 (respect) the will of people and follow the laws of nature. Confucius believed water had diverse 157 (virtue) including justice, courage and righteousness, so 158 was suggested that people should learn from water and cultivate their sense of morality. Laozi gave birth to the idea of overcoming hardness with softness and non-action. Xunzi compared a ruler
and his people 159 a boat and water to show the importance of the people in society. Water, being an essential clement in daily life, is a symbol in Chinese culture, 160 flows through Chinese civilization.
【答案】
151．admiration 152．successfully 153．constructed 154．damaging 155．was given 156．to respect 157．virtues 158．it 159．to 160．which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。水作为生命之源，在中华文化中起着至关重要的作用，影响着中华文明和哲学。本文从历史传说和哲学层面阐述了水的重要性。
151．考查名词。句意：中国的许多传说反映了对水的崇拜和勇敢抵御水造成的自然灾害的精神。根据空前的the可知，空格处应填入名词在句中作宾语。admire的名词形式为admiration。故填admiration。
152．考查副词。句意：夏朝的第一任统治者——禹，通过开凿水道成功地控制了洪水，使洪水能够顺利流入大海。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词 controlled。successful的副词形为式successfully。故填successfully。
153．考查过去分词。句意：四川都江堰水利系统始建于公元前256年，充分利用了当地的自然特征，不破坏环境。空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词The Dujiangyan Irrigation System与construct是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词，表示被动。故填constructed。
154．考查动名词。句意：同上。根据空前的介词without可知，空格处应填入动名词作宾语。故填damaging。
155．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：此外，水被赋予了滋养中国人民和治理国家的哲学意义，激励古代统治者尊重人民的意愿，遵循自然规律。空格处缺少谓语动词。根据下文对孔子、荀子和老子的哲学思想的描述可知，此处句子应用一般过去时态。主语 water与动词give是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填was given。
156．考查动词不定式。句意：同上。inspire sb. to do sth. 意为“激励某人做某事”，故此处应用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to respect。
157．考查名词的数。句意：孔子认为水具有正义、勇气和正义等多种美德，建议人们学习水，培养道德意识。根据空前的diverse可知，这里的virtue应该用复数形式virtues。故填virtues。
158．考查代词。句意：老子提出了以柔克刚、以柔克难的思想。空格处为形式主语，句中that引导的从句是真正的主语，故用it作形式主语。故填it。
159．考查介词。句意：荀子把统治者和他的人民比作船和水，以表明人民在社会中的重要性。此处为固定搭配compare…to…，意为“把……比作成……”。故填to。
160．考查定语从句。句意：水作为日常生活中必不可少的元素，是中华文化中的一个象征，它贯穿于中华文明之中。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句。先行词为water，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
（2024·浙江杭州·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shoes may not be the first thing one would notice of these 2, 200-year-old Terracotta Warriors, 161 an initial analysis of their footwear showed that these humble accessories might have played a “vital role” in the Qin army. Two Chinese researchers made 162 copy of the footwear using the shoe-making techniques and materials known to be used by the Qin people when the warriors 163 (build). The study found that the replicas provided the wearers with “a more comfortable, stable and efficient” 164 (walk) experience.
165 (equal) fascinating are the warriors’ clothes: they were candy-coloured. When the Terracotta Warriors were originally created, they were painted a bright array of reds, blues, and greens, 166 are believed to have matched the colours of the clothing worn by the Qin soldiers. In many cases, the paint has not survived the centuries after the warriors 167 (burn) by fires or soaked in floods, but a few of the warriors have been unearthed 168 their original colouring still largely undamaged. A 2019 study found that the colors were mixed with various protein-based binders, such as egg, animal glues and milk, before 169 (paint) onto the soldiers to help secure the paint.
170 (reconstruct) based on this research seem to suggest the Qin fashion-at least in the army-was to clash colours (撞色).
【答案】
161．but 162．a 163．were built 164．walking 165．Equally 166．which 167．had been burnt/had been burned/were burnt/were burned 168．with 169．being painted 170．Reconstructions
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是通过对兵马俑的鞋子和衣服颜色研究发现，兵马俑的穿戴服饰在秦军中发挥着“至关重要的作用”。
161．考查连词。句意：在这些2200年前的兵马俑中，鞋子可能不是人们首先注意到的东西，但对鞋子的初步分析表明，这些不起眼的配饰可能在秦军中发挥了“至关重要的作用”。此处为连词，结合句意，空前与空后的内容为转折关系。故填but。
162．考查冠词。句意：两名中国研究人员利用秦人在建造兵马俑时所使用的制鞋技术和材料，复制了这双鞋子。copy为可数名词单数，make a copy of意为“复制”符合句意。故填a。
163．考查谓语动词。句意：两名中国研究人员利用秦人在建造兵马俑时所使用的制鞋技术和材料，复制了这双鞋子。此处为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处指的是兵马俑被建造时的事，所以使用一般过去时，且build与主语the warriors之间为被动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填were built。
164．考查现在分词。句意：研究发现，这些复制品为佩戴者提供了“更舒适、更稳定、更高效”的行走体验。此处为非谓语动词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“行走”应为walking作定语修饰名词experience。故填walking。
165．考查副词。句意：同样吸引人的是战士们的衣服:它们是糖果色的。此处为副词作状语修饰形容词fascinating，equal的副词为equally意为“同样地”符合句意，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Equally。
166．考查定语从句。句意：当兵马俑最初被制作出来的时候，他们被涂上了明亮的红色、蓝色和绿色，据信这些颜色与秦国士兵所穿的衣服的颜色相匹配。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，且先行词a bright array of reds, blues, and greens指事物。故填which。
167．考查谓语动词。句意：在许多情况下，由于这些兵马俑被大火烧毁或被洪水浸泡了几个世纪，这些颜料并没有保存下来，但有一些兵马俑出土时，它们的原始颜色基本上没有受损。此处为谓语动词，根据句意可知，burn发生在主句谓语动词之前，所以此处可以使用过去完成时，且burn与主语the warriors之间为被动关系，所以使用had been burnt/burned，因after引导的时间状语从句已表明与主句动作的先后关系，所以此处也可使用一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情，且与主语为被动关系，主语为名词复数，所以使用were burnt/burned。故填had been burnt/burned/were burnt/burned。
168．考查介词。句意：在许多情况下，由于这些兵马俑被大火烧毁或被洪水浸泡了几个世纪，这些颜料并没有保存下来，但有一些兵马俑出土时，它们的原始颜色基本上没有受损。their original colouring为名词短语，damaged为过去分词作宾补，与宾语为被动关系，由此可推断，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构。故填with。
169．考查动名词。句意：2019年的一项研究发现，这些颜色与各种蛋白质基粘合剂(如鸡蛋、动物胶和牛奶)混合在一起，然后涂在士兵身上，以帮助固定油漆。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据空前的介词before可知，此处为动名词作宾语，结合句意，paint与the colors 以及various protein-based binders之间为被动关系，所以使用动名词的被动形式。故填being painted。
170．考查名词。句意：基于这项研究的重建似乎表明，秦朝的时尚——至少在军队中——是撞色。此处为名词作主语，reconstruct的名词为reconstruction意为“重建”，根据谓语动词seem为动词原形可知，此处为名词复数，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Reconstructions。
（2024·四川·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Brynn Ann Castle is a student from Muscatine High School in Iowa. At the 171 (invite) of Shijiazhuang Foreign Language School, she, along with 31 classmates and eight teachers, engaged in a study tour in
Hebei from April 19 to 22,2024. She visited 172 home of Zhang Xinyi, a senior student at the school.
North China’s Hebei Province and the U. S. state of Iowa 173 (sign) their sister-state relationship in 1983. For over 40 years, Hebei and Iowa have written many praiseworthy tales of friendly exchanges.
In Zhang’s bedroom, pipa, a 174 (tradition) Chinese musical instrument, lying on Zhang’s bed, 175 (particular) attracted Castle’s interest. “This instrument has been in China for 2,000 years. It’s similar 176 a guitar,” Zhang told her. After Castle expressed her desire 177 (have) a try, Zhang shared the playing techniques with her. Soon, a beautiful sound of pipa filled the room. “It’s so 178 (amaze),” said Castle.
Teachers and students from the school held a welcome concert for their American guests, 179 (inspire) by elements such as Tang and Song poetry, and famous Chinese paintings. The American students learned ancient Chinese poems, practiced ping pong, made dumplings, planted friendship trees and visited ancient relics, among others.
The Muscatine High School delegation (代表团) is part of a China-initiated program, 180 will invite 50,000 American youths to China within five years fo2024高考英语考前十天冲刺之语法填空
原卷版
一、括号内给动词的三种填法：
一是谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；
二是非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词；
三是动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。
二、填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：
一看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three months;
二看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…;
三看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；
四看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。
三、语法填空两个重要理念：
一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。
四、自由填空黄金做题思路:
一是填写介词，需要考虑空前空后与动词、名词或形容词的固定搭配或习惯用法；
二是填写冠词，考虑a和an的区别，以及定冠词和不定冠词的区别以及含冠词固定搭配；
三是填写连词，既要考虑并列句中and, or ,but的选择又要考虑名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句连接词的选择；
四是填写代词，高频词是it，还有one，another, either, neither, that等不定代词。
上述自由填空一般占3-4空，其余为给词填空。
五、规范训练目标：做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时7分钟/每篇。
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心
（2024·山东济南·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we think of the Silk Road, the first thing that appears in people’s minds is trade. However, trade isn’t just limited to goods 1 includes culture.
Since ancient times, strong connections between the Chinese and the Turkish people 2 (build) by cultural exchange along the Silk Road. Some historians believe Karagoz, Turkish traditional shadow puppetry (皮影) , drew 3 (inspire) from Chinese shadow puppetry art. Karagoz originally 4 (find) its place in Bursa, a city in northwestern Turkey, and it first rose to popularity in the 16th century.
Karagoz is a dramatic form of storytelling 5 shadows are projected onto a white screen, with a multitasking performer 6 (sing) the tunes and words of the story and the lead puppeteer controlling the movement of the puppets. The performances 7 (main) center around social events and public criticism, whose primary objective is 8 (educate) people via entertainment.
The tradition’s popularity in Turkey is credited 9 people’s sense of nostalgia (怀旧) . Historically, Karagoz performances served as 10 educational tool for people of all classes. As society progresses, there is often a tendency to reconnect with the past.
（2024·重庆荣昌·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qinqiang Opera is a local Chinese opera that mainly thrives (繁荣) in north west China’s Shaanxi Province, as well as its neighboring regions, like Gansu and Qinghai Provinces. It has the most ancient and 11 (large) musical system of all Chinese operas.
12 (arise) from local folk songs and dance forms in the Yellow River Valley, 13 is the birthplace of Chinese culture, the opera first appeared in the Qin Dynasty. 14 (it) time-honored history has offered Qinqiang Opera a reputation as the forefather 15 Chinese operas.
Its contents usually feature such themes as anti-aggression (反侵略) wars, as well as a number of other 16 (topic) of strong human interest that reflect the characteristics of local people.
Qinqiang Opera is also one of the earliest operatic musical systems to reflect the emotions of human beings. 17 (equip) with a set of performing skills created by the artists, Qinqiang Opera 18 (influence) other operatic forms for long. During the Qing Dynasty, Qinqiang Opera entered Beijing and 19 (direct) affected the formation of Peking Opera. Qinqiang Opera thrived during 20 rule of Emperor Qianlong when Qinqiang troupes (剧团) were distributed throughout the country.
（2024·甘肃张掖·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Located in Lichuan, Hubei proince, Tenglong Dong is one of the world’s largest caves. The cave 21 (list) as the 74th longest cave of the world and the third longest in China with a length of 53,210 m. The cave offers
extraordinary big passages and one of the 22 (tall) cave entrances on earth, 74 m high and 64m wide. The cave 23 (it) is a huge passage, only slightly smaller than the entrance.
The cave is entered at one point by a huge river, 24 (call) Qingjiang River, a branch of the Changjiang. This river first drops 25 almost 10m high waterfall, right before it enters the cave. Here a path was built about20 m above the water, 26 (enter) the river cave. The water deepens and calms down, while it is narrowed by the cave 27 (wall).
The first written mention of the cave is from the Qing dynasty. The cave was 28 (original) named Dong Po or Shui Dong 29 means Water Cave, probably in the meaning river cave. It was renamed 30 the unique name Tenglong Dong, after a Chinese evergreen about flying dragons (龙). And of course, there are mountains in the cave, caves in the mountains.
（2024·安徽合肥·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has nearly 5,000 years of 31 (record) history. However, the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than 32 of its writing, which can be traced back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7,000 years ago.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, most of the furniture was hand-made using high-quality hardwood 33 raw materials, which are now rare and expensive. Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and beech, but the quality between the woods 34 (differ) greatly.
Classical furniture is mostly made by hand. Modern machines cannot 35 (complete) replace handwork. The shapes carved by the machine are neat but the lines are rigid and lacking vitality.
The most delicate aspect of Chinese classical furniture is the structural part of the furniture—mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) bining pieces of wood together, 36 (use) nothing more than the wood itself, is a basic skill of all carpenters (木匠) in ancient China. It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site 37 the ancestors lived more than 7,000 years ago. This structure is the wisdom of the Chinese working people and fully represents the 38 (create) and artistry (艺术性) of humanity.
Ancient Chinese 39 (philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. For example, Confucianism emphasizes gentleness and moderation. 40 (achieve) that, skilled carpenters properly matched the curves and straight lines of the furniture. That’s why Chinese furniture always displays both balance and stability.
（2024·江苏镇江·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。
Restoring the Old Book
Song Jing, who is a 34-year-old “book doctor”, 41 (make) her way to the ancient books division after graduating from Beijing University in 2015. She has been working in the restoration division for ancient books at the National Library of China in Beijing for eight years.
At the moment, Song and her colleagues are working on restoring a copy of Yongle Dadian, an encyclopedia 42 (create) in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). After receiving the challenge, it took Song and her colleagues six months to research and decide on 43 to restore the books. To restore them to their 44 (origin) form, they need to gather information from various sources, such as images and texts, before they can figure out their binding (装订) style and repair them accordingly.
In the past, restorers had to rely on their experience to determine the materials appropriate 45 (use). As technology develops, they are able to use a new method to finish the task through microscopes. 46 , ancient-book restoration still requires essential manual skills, including cutting and brushing paper and binding. Apart from this, 47 restoration process also requires strong control. Unless the pressure of touching books
48 (control) in a proper way during the brushing process, the paper will tear; if the touch is too light, the paper won’t stick.
“ 49 (hopeful), I can be of some help in inspiring more young people to find their lifelong passion 50 cultural heritage preservation,” said Song.
（2024·山东泰安·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You can be happy even when you’re suffering from illness, but that doesn’t mean you should ignore the aspects of your health 51 are in your control. Exercise and sleep are particularly important when it comes 52 happiness.
Making exercise a regular habit isn’t just good for the body. It also has a 53 (power) effect on mental well-being. People who exercise regularly are happier across the board. Plus, they’re also less stressed, anxious, and 54 (depress).
It doesn’t really matter 55 kind of exercise you do, so long as you do it regularly. For the best results, aim for an hour of exercise at least five days a week. If you find something you enjoy, you’ll be more likely 56 (stick) to it. So don’t think you’re limited to 57 (go) to the gym. Find something that suits your lifestyle and preferences. If you’re having trouble thinking of activities you enjoy, think back to when you 58 (be) a kid. What sports or games did you like to play
Also, getting quality sleep every night directly 59 (affect) your happiness, and emotional stability during the day. When you re lacking sleep, you’re much easier to stress. It’s harder to be productive, think creatively, and make wise 60 (decide). The average person needs at least 7.5 - 9 hours each night.
（2024·福建福州·模拟预测）请在横线上填入一个单词，或用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Evolving from the discovery that 61 (use) stone needles to prick specific points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms, for thousands of years acupuncture 62 (become) an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine, in line with the philosophy that promotes the 63 (harmony) coexistence of humans with nature.
According to Records of the Grand Historian, written by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a 64 (high) seasoned physician during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having saved a prince from “death” by using needles to stimulate the Baihui acupoint on the head of 65 unconscious man.
According to TCM, stimulating the acupoints can unblock motionless qi, 66 restore normal circulation, thus improving health. Treatments of traditional Chinese medicine, have won increasing recognition throughout the world since they 67 (list) on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2010.
Li Ming, a 41-year-old, spent one and a half years on the treatment of her dry eyes. After more than 130 68 (visit), her symptoms significantly decreased, and her eyes became moist (湿润的) enough 69 her to resume work.
In 2010, UNESCO inscribed acupuncture and moxibustion of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yet, the practice is not only cultural and historical, but a medical technique 70 is widely used and researched today.
（2024·辽宁沈阳·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Guessing lantern riddles is an activity that 71 (date) back at least as far as the Southern Song Dynasty, 72 scholars wrote riddles on small slips of paper and 73 (hang) them from lanterns for festival attendees to guess.
Most of these lantern riddles were 74 (simple) created as a form of entertainment. Sometimes, however, imperial advisors used them to make a 75 (suggest) to the emperor.
If the emperor didn’t like it, the advisors could claim that the riddle had been interpreted incorrectly, thus 76 (avoid) his wrath (愤怒) . This was possible because the riddles’ answers were rarely obvious and clear-cut, leaving them open to multiple interpretations.
Today’s lantern riddles are still difficult 77 (guess) . So difficult, in fact, that they’re referred to as “lantern tigers” and guessing lantern riddles is sometimes referred to as “guessing lantern tigers”. Generally, lantern riddles are based on complex forms of wordplay and may be difficult for even 78 (advance) students of Chinese to understand.
Most riddles consist of the riddle itself and an implication that tells the guesser what form he or she should expect the answer to take. For example, sometimes 79 implication might indicate that the answer is a Chinese idiom, the name of a country or that it should be composed 80 Chinese characters.
（2024·湖南长沙·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sitting on a lounge chair (躺椅) in her studio in northwest London, Duan Yiran, the 81 (found) of a handcrafts workshop promoting the traditional indigo dyeing (靛蓝染色) technique, admits actually she used to hate the craft. As a member of the Bai ethnic group, she was born and raised in Dali city, Southwest China’s Yunnan province. 82 one time, in her village, nearly every household boasted members who mastered the tie-dyeing (扎染)technique. Duan’s family also ran 83 company that produced handwoven, hand-dyed fabrics.
To tie-dye pieces of cloth, people use needles and threads to create different 84 (fold) in the fabrics before putting them in dye vats (大缸) several times. 85 (typical), the vats contain sky-blue-colored dye 86 (obtain) from plants. Unfolding the fabrics reveals beautiful patterns, such as geometric shapes and flowers. The areas stitched (缝) by threads remain white 87 they were not immersed in the dye, while other areas turn blue. In 2006, the tie-dyeing technique of the Bai ethnic group 88 (list) into state-level intangible cultural heritages.
Duan never thought about 89 (inherit) the craft until she moved to London in 2015 to study costume design. “When making the Victorian-style costumes, I found 90 (I) unconsciously applying the Chinese embroidery (刺绣) stitching and knotting techniques that I learned from my grandmother,” she says. At that time, she realized that a person may not be entirely separated from his homeland and the cultural imprints (印记) that come with it.
（2024·广西梧州·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
La rou, or preserved meat, is a winter season specialty(特产)in China. There are many kinds of preserved meat in China with 91 (incredible) diverse ingredients and recipes, 92 (result) in a wide range of flavors from sweet to spicy. They are usually made during la yue-the last lunar month on the 93 (tradition) Chinese calendar—when the temperature is cool but not freezing 94 (dry) and preserve these staples(主食).
La rou in general refers to pork products. 95 , other cured meat, la wei, is made across China depending on local availability by using goose, duck, rabbit, and even seafood. The preserved meat 96 (consider) to be a form of cultural heritage in many places. Similar to bacon and sausages, the Chinese preserved meat is made with large 97 (quantity) of salt, and some of them are smoked over with fire to achieve more flavor. The cured pork belly looks a lot like jerky (干肉条)but it has 98 delicious taste after smoking.
Each region’s sausage has its own seasoning and flavor. The Cantonese variation is sweet, 99 (flavor) with sugar, rice wine, and soy sauce. In Sichuan Province, the sausages tend to be spicier. It is seasoned with chili
pepper and Sichuan pepper powder, both of 100 are great choices as ingredients for dishes like fried rice and vegetable stir-fry.
（2024·河北张家口·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Large cloisonne (Jingtailan in Chinese) vases, striking plates and other colorful pieces 101 (display) in Beijing Gongmei Group’s arts-and-crafts factory’s studio near Yonghegong in the capital attract a lot of visitors.
Gaze upon these long enough, and you will be surprised by the 102 (diverse) of distinctive Chinese patterns traced by countless thin golden wires.
“It’s said that there are 108 steps in 103 process of producing cloisonne goods,” says Zhang Yongzhen, the factory’s director, 104 has practiced the craft for four decades. “The traditional handicraft is very complicated. No one can finish the process 105 (complete) by himself or herself. It’s a delicate art that takes dedication to every small step.”
The fundamentals of making cloisonne include 106 (shape) the object’s body; bending and inlaying copper (铜) wires 107 (present) surface patterns; coloring these wires; heating and finally, polishing and gilding (镀金).
Te technique was introduced 108 China in the late 13th century. It’s believed that cloisonne reached its peak and 109 (give) its present Chinese name during Emperor Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty. Lan means blue in Chinese. The craft was 110 (far) developed in the Qing Dynasty, following innovations in copper-smelting techniques.
（2024·山东菏泽·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cheng Yongmao was born in a village in Huairou, Beijing and began to learn the skill of building under the 111 (guide) of his uncle in 1972. Although he didn’t receive a 112 (high) education, his practical experience enabled him to readily take in the theories, which in turn 113 (improve) his skills significantly.
Cheng received his first Greal Wall assignment in 2004. He led a construction team of dozens of members, most of 114 came from mountainous areas in neighboring Hebei province and were 115 (consequent) good at hiking up and down the peaks.
In 2016, he started to work on the Jiankou section, which 116 (consider) one of the most dangerous parts of the Great Wall in Beijing and is known by hikers as the “Wild Wall”. The toughest place is called Yingfei Daoyang (Eagle Flies Upside Down), 117 (suggest) that even an eagle would have to fly straight up, 118 its beak pointing up directly toward the sky to fly over this spot.
After years of efforts, the section has regained its historical appearance. “Protecting the Great Wall is my responsibility,” he said, “My physical 119 (strong) is still adequate. As long as I can climb up the mountain, I’ll do my best to lead my team, especially to assist them in gaining experience 120 making their due contributions. ”
（2024·广东广州·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An ancient Chinese legend states that there is only one true path up Mount Hua — the 12 km track rising 1,800 m that took 3,000 years 121 (build). I still remember 122 (amaze) by photos of people standing on the Changkong Plank Trail (长空栈道), a wooden path only over 30 centimetres in 123 (wide), with part of their bodies hanging over the cliff. Years later, I found myself 124 (enthusiastic) pursuing the same ambition.
This is where I began—a trail initially pleasant and easy. While many chose to take the cable car 125 (mean) to minimize effort, I avoided the shortcut to the South Peak. I followed the river past some Taoist temples
and climbed higher up steep stairs that 126 (carve) expertly into the stone. It took hours 127 I reached higher altitude where view expanded. 128 all directions, equally impressive summits stretched out before me.
Vertical (垂直的) ladders made higher points accessible, often with only chains to arrest your fall. By afternoon, I had reached the very spot 129 had captured my imagination about China. I just stood still, mouth open, leaning right out over the edge, 130 stared down into the vacant space below. Eventually, gathering my courage, I took a few photos. Who would have thought this girl would complete the world’s most dangerous hike !
（2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The first step of ice 131 (fish) is getting the net, which is usually over two kilometers long, ready to put under the ice. Then the workers will put the net down at a 132 (choose) spot, and take it up in the distance of the vast lake.
133 this is actually achieved is an interesting process. First up, a series of holes are drilled into the ice of about a meter and a half thick. They drill a hole every 50 meters or so and they’ll keep doing that until they’ve drilled the holes the entire way around a circle with a diameter (直径) of two kilometers. Meanwhile, another team gets to work, 134 (extend) the main hole using a 135 (tradition) ice pick. Eventually, a long piece of bamboo will 136 (employ) to thread the rope of the net into the next hole they have drilled 50 meters away. And these guys will continue like that around the entire outside of the circle until the rope 137 (reach) the other side of the circle two kilometers away. At the same time, back at the mother hole, the net is being lowered slowly 138 surely, meter by meter until it’s 139 (complete) submerged under the ice. In the distance, the diggers have reached the other side of the circle and are now working on digging the hole that the net will eventually come out 140 .
（2024·四川·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In February 2022, I began learning Chinese with the 141 (intend) of enjoying Chinese culture. Almost a year later, I found myself in Beijing, the capital of China. Before coming here, I 142 (attend) Chinese classes, and I could sense my progress in the language. As 143 matter of fact, studying for just one year wasn’t enough to claim fluency. But full proficiency in the language is not necessary to lose 144 (you) in and enjoy many attractions of life in China.
The one thing that truly makes me feel comfortable is making friends and engaging 145 conversation. At Tsinghua University, 146 I pursued my studies in China, I made friends with many Chinese young people. I often 147 (invite) to have meals or leisure activities with them, such as going to KTV, which is a popular entertainment among Chinese youth. I felt that connecting with my Chinese peers through a shared passion, such as singing, was 148 (incredible) enjoyable and beautiful.
During breaks from study, I frequently travels across China. I’ve explored cities like Shanghai, Chongqing, and Changsha in Hunan province, among others. Though I have experienced traveling on overnight trains for over 12 hours several times and explored 149 (familiar) cities, I never felt fearful or unwelcome as a foreigner. Chinese people are warm and welcoming to foreigners, and eager 150 (offer) help.
（2024·山西太原·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the source of all life, water plays a vital role in Chinese culture, influencing both Chinese civilization and philosophy. Many Chinese legends reflect the 151 (admire) for water and the spirit of bravely fighting natural disasters caused by water. Yu, the first ruler of the Xia Dynasty, 152 (successful) controlled the floods by digging waterways so that the floodwater could flow into the sea smoothly. The Dujiangyan Irrigation
System in Sichuan, first 153 (construct) in 256 BC,took advantage of the local natural features without 154 (daumage) the environment. Additionally, water 155 (give) philosophical meanings to help nurture Chinese people and govern the country, inspiring the ancient rulers 156 (respect) the will of people and follow the laws of nature. Confucius believed water had diverse 157 (virtue) including justice, courage and righteousness, so 158 was suggested that people should learn from water and cultivate their sense of morality. Laozi gave birth to the idea of overcoming hardness with softness and non-action. Xunzi compared a ruler and his people 159 a boat and water to show the importance of the people in society. Water, being an essential clement in daily life, is a symbol in Chinese culture, 160 flows through Chinese civilization.
（2024·浙江杭州·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shoes may not be the first thing one would notice of these 2, 200-year-old Terracotta Warriors, 161 an initial analysis of their footwear showed that these humble accessories might have played a “vital role” in the Qin army. Two Chinese researchers made 162 copy of the footwear using the shoe-making techniques and materials known to be used by the Qin people when the warriors 163 (build). The study found that the replicas provided the wearers with “a more comfortable, stable and efficient” 164 (walk) experience.
165 (equal) fascinating are the warriors’ clothes: they were candy-coloured. When the Terracotta Warriors were originally created, they were painted a bright array of reds, blues, and greens, 166 are believed to have matched the colours of the clothing worn by the Qin soldiers. In many cases, the paint has not survived the centuries after the warriors 167 (burn) by fires or soaked in floods, but a few of the warriors have been unearthed 168 their original colouring still largely undamaged. A 2019 study found that the colors were mixed with various protein-based binders, such as egg, animal glues and milk, before 169 (paint) onto the soldiers to help secure the paint.
170 (reconstruct) based on this research seem to suggest the Qin fashion-at least in the army-was to clash colours (撞色).
（2024·四川·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Brynn Ann Castle is a student from Muscatine High School in Iowa. At the 171 (invite) of Shijiazhuang Foreign Language School, she, along with 31 classmates and eight teachers, engaged in a study tour in Hebei from April 19 to 22,2024. She visited 172 home of Zhang Xinyi, a senior student at the school.
North China’s Hebei Province and the U. S. state of Iowa 173 (sign) their sister-state relationship in 1983. For over 40 years, Hebei and Iowa have written many praiseworthy tales of friendly exchanges.
In Zhang’s bedroom, pipa, a 174 (tradition) Chinese musical instrument, lying on Zhang’s bed, 175 (particular) attracted Castle’s interest. “This instrument has been in China for 2,000 years. It’s similar 176 a guitar,” Zhang told her. After Castle expressed her desire 177 (have) a try, Zhang shared the playing techniques with her. Soon, a beautiful sound of pipa filled the room. “It’s so 178 (amaze),” said Castle.
Teachers and students from the school held a welcome concert for their American guests, 179 (inspire) by elements such as Tang and Song poetry, and famous Chinese paintings. The American students learned ancient Chinese poems, practiced ping pong, made dumplings, planted friendship trees and visited ancient relics, among others.
The Muscatine High School delegation (代表团) is part of a China-initiated program, 180 will invite 50,000 American youths to China within five years for exchanges and study.
（2024·安徽·模拟预测）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mind reading is hard. But not impossible. Modern technology can reach inside someone’s head and pull out their 181 (intend).
Decoding (破解) thought usually requires placing sensors directly on or in someone’s brain. Using brain implants, researchers so far 182 (pick) up electrical signals in the brain linked to certain words or letters. This has allowed brain implants to transform thoughts 183 text or speech on a computer. Brain implants have even enabled scientists 184 (turn) the neural firings (神经网络滤镜) associated with a song in someone’s head into real music.
In a recent study, scientists decoded full stories from people’s brains 185 (use) MRI scans. This did not require any brain implants. But building the thought decoder 186 (definite) required many hours of brain scans for each person. What’s more, the system only worked on the persons 187 were willing to have their minds read.
Devices that might let someone secretly read your mind from across the room 188 (be) still a long, long way off Still, it’s clear that mind-reading tech is getting more and more 189 (advance). As it does, scientists are thinking hard about what it would mean to live in 190 world where not even the inside of your head is completely private.
（2024·河北·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As one of the major schools of opera in China, the Sichuan Opera has a long history. It 191 (date) back to the end of the Ming Dynasty, 192 there were several different forms of popular theatre in the Sichuan area which gradually developed and combined to emerge as the present Sichuan Opera.
Today’s Sichuan opera is a 193 (relative) recent combination of 5 historic theatre styles. It is characterized by solo singing, skillful acting and incredibly funny 194 (comedy). Performers wear brightly colored costumes 195 move to quick and dramatic music. They move their heads up and down or back and forth in an instant, 196 (change) the thin painted masks over their faces. Their movement is so quick and frequent that you will be left amazed at how they could control the masks so skillfully.
197 (attract) the audience, Sichuan Opera uses vivid, humorous narration, singing, and actions. Its 198 (perform) is always full of wit, humor, lively dialogues, and 199 (pronounce) local flavors.
Most Sichuan Opera repertoires (轮演剧目) are adapted from the Chinese classical novels, mythologies, legends, and folk tales. Statistics show that 200 total number of Sichuan Opera plays is over 2,000.
