小升初英语语法专项阅读理解讲义
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文档简介
阅读理解
知识经纬
1. 了解阅读理解的考查内容以及常见题型
2. 掌握并灵活运用阅读理解的解题技巧
知识要点
阅读理解的考查内容
阅读理解所给的阅读材料一般由图表、图片、表格或短文等文字材料，要求考生根据其内容和要求答题。阅读理解是考查学生综合运用英语知识能力的题型。主要考查学生阅读理解、分析判断、语言运用和逻辑思维等方面的能力。
阅读理解的常见题型
1. 阅读短文判断正误；
2. 阅读短文选择正确答案；
3. 阅读短文回答问题；
4. 阅读短文完成句子。
阅读理解的解题技巧
1. 看短文后的问题，做到大体了解题意。
2. 带着问题通读全文，有图片或图表的短文，还要仔细观察所给图片或图表，了解短文大意，同时把与短文后问题相关的单词、句子画出来，并认真理解与问题相关的其他信息，做出准确的分析判断。
3. 如果遇到生词，可以根据上下文的意思去猜测此词的意思，切不可抓住一个生词不放，影响对整个短文的理解。
4. 最后再读短文，边读边核实答案。
温馨提示：在做阅读理解时，建议注意以下几点：
1.采用默读方法，避免唇读。
2.采用目视阅读，不要指读。
3.集中注意力，克服回视的习惯。
4.不要一遇到阅读故障就停下来。
5.不要凭主观印象答题。
6.答题时不要草率，仓促地写出答案。
7.做完题后，一定要复查。
点睛题
A
My name is Sally White. I am a school girl. My school is far from my home. Every day it takes long time to get there. The road is not flat(平坦). So I cannot go to school by bike. I often go there by bus or on foot. It takes me thirty minutes to get there by bus and an hour on foot. I must get up very early every morning. I have no time for breakfast at home. I often eat something for breakfast on the way. I don't want to be late for school.
根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。
( ) 1. The school isn't near to her home.
( ) 2. The girl can go to school by bike .
( ) 3. It takes her thirty minutes to get to school by bike .
( ) 4. The girl gets up very early every day .
( ) 5. She often has breakfast at home.
解析：做这道题时，同学们要先看题目，带着问题阅读短文，找出问题的答案。第1小题可从第三句话推测正误。第2小题可从第六句话推测正误。第3、4小题可从第四行的信息中直接判断正误。第5小题可从倒数第一二行中推测正误。
答案：1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F
B
Music Club Boys and girls, are you interested in music Can you play any musical instruments Welcome to or Star Rock Band. Mr. Green can teach you. You can come here every Sunday afternoon from 13:00 to 16:00. Tel: 623-1904 Room:102
( ) 1. If you want to join the music club, you can call ________.
A. 623-1409 B. 623-1904 C. 623-1940
( ) 2. The teacher of the music club is _______.
A. Mr. White B. Mr. Brown C. Mr. Green
( ) 3. You can learn to play the piano ______.
A. every day B. every Saturday C. every Sunday afternoon
( ) 4. If you want to sing, you can go to Room 102 at ________ every Sunday afternoon.
A. 13:00 p.m. B. 16:00 p.m. C. 3:00 a.m.
( ) 5. You want to know more about music, and you can join ________.
A. swimming club B. chess club C. Star Rock Band
解析：这是一道表格阅读题，同学们要先看题目，带着问题阅读表格中的信息，找出问题的答案。第1小题可在原文中直接找到答案。第2小题可从第二段第二句话推测出答案。第3和4小题可从第三段中测出答案。第5小题通过表格可以看出，Star Rock Band是俱乐部的名称。
答案：1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C
基础闯关
A
Sarah and Her Sister
Sarah has four sisters. They are Betty, Mary, Rose and Ann. Sarah is the oldest of the five. Betty is thirteen years old. She is two years younger than Sarah and one year older than Mary. Rose is nine and Ann is seven. Sarah and Betty study in a middle school. Mary, Rose, and Ann study in a primary school. The primary school is near their home. They walk there. The middle school is far Sarah and Betty goes there by bus.
根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。
( )1. Ann is older than Rose.
( ) 2. Sarah and Betty are middle school students.
( )3. Mary, Rose, and Ann often go to school by bus.[
( )4. Their home is near the primary school.
( )5. There are five people in their family.
B
My name is Betty. I’m 13 years old. Ted is my brother. He is 15 years old. We are in the same school. He is in Grade 9, and I am in Grade 7. My mother is a teacher in our school. My father is a factory manager. I have a dog. Its name is Boxer. It’s only two. We’re good friends.
根据短文选择最佳选项。(每小题2分，共10分)
( ) 6. Ted is Betty’s ________.
A. father B. dog C. brother
( ) 7. Betty and Ted are ________.
A. teachers B. students C. managers
( ) 8. Betty’s mother works in a ________.
A. hotel B. school C. factory
( ) 9. Betty’s father is a ________ in a factory.
A. manager B. doctor C. worker
( ) 10. Boxer is the name of a ________.
A. boy B. girl C. dog
C
My birthday
My name is Tom．It's my birthday on Friday．I am fourteen years old．I usually have a party on my birthday，and this year，my party is on Saturday afternoon．I always have a big birthday cake，sometimes made of ice cream，with candy on top．
I usually get a lot of presents．My mother and father always give me new clothes to wear．Sometimes they give me a new pair of trainers or jeans．My brother usually gives me CDs．My sister often gives me something to read，like magazines or novels．
My grandparents never give me CDs or new clothes．They often give me cinema tickets or money，and they always give me a box of chocolate to eat as well!
阅读短文，根据短文内容在横线上填入正确单词。(每小题2分，共10分)
11．Tom usually gets a lot of _________．
12．Tom's mother and father always give him new _________ to wear．
13．Tom's _________ often gives him something to read．
14．Tom's brother usually gives him _________．
15．Tom's grandparents always give him a box of _________ to eat．
D
Ben thinks he is clever, but he always does foolish things. One day he sees a beautiful bell （门铃） at the top of a door. “Oh! How nice! I will take it home,” he thinks, “What can I do ” After a while he has a “good” idea. “Aha! I have an idea now. I can plug（堵） my ears. Then I will not hear the ring when I take off（拿掉）the bell.” Then Ben does that. But as soon as he takes off the bell, the owner opens the door. “What are you doing ” the owner says angrily.
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(每小题2分，共10分)
16. Is Ben a clever man ________________________________________________
17. Does Ben want the bell ______________________________________________
18. Where is the bell ___________________________________________________
19. The bell rings as soon as Ben takes it off, right ____________________________
20. Who catches Ben while he is taking off the bell ___________________________
名校培优
（限时30分钟 满分40分 ）
A
This is an old story about a crow（乌鸦）.
It is very hot and dry in the desert. The sun is shining all day. A crow is very thirsty. Suddenly he sees a jar with a little water. The mouth of the jar is too small and his mouth cannot reach the water. He thinks hard and later he has a good idea. He collects little stones and drops them, one by one, into the jar. The water in the jar rises and rises. At last, he is able to drink the water. How clever he is！
看图，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。 (每小题2分，共10分)
( ) 1. It is very hot in the desert.
( ) 2. A crow is very hungry and wants to find something to eat.
( ) 3. There is a jar with a lot of water in the desert.
( ) 4. The crow drops many little stones into the jar.
( ) 5. In the end the crow is not thirsty.
B
This is a picture of Mr. Li’s family. The man in the middle is Mr. Li. The woman is Mr. Li’s wife. They have two sons. The child behind Mr. Li is Li Lei. He’s thirteen. The other in front of Mrs. Li is Li Ming. He is eleven. Li Lei and Li Ming are in the same school, but not in the same grade. Li Lei is in Grade Two. Li Ming is in Grade One. They are good students.
根据短文选择最佳选项。(每小题2分，共10分)
( ) 1. There are _________ people in the picture.
A. three B. four C. five D. six
( ) 2.LiLei and Li Ming ______ in the same grade.
A. is B. isn’t C. are D. aren’t
( ) 3. Mr. and Mrs. Li have _________.
A. one boy, one girl B. two children C. two girls D. one boy
( ) 4. Li Ming is ________ brother.
A. Mr. Li’s B. Mrs. Li’s C. Li Lei’s D. we don’t know.
( ) 5. How old are Li Lei and Li Ming They’re ____________.
A. eleven and thirteen B. eleven and twelve
C. twelve and eleven D. thirteen and eleven
C
This is a picture of a park. There is a hill in the park. There are many big green trees on the hill. There are many lovely birds in the trees. They’re different colors. There are many red, yellow and white flowers under the trees. They’re all beautiful. Lucy and Lily are now in the park. Their dresses look the same. They’re brown. A black cat is between the twins. It has two big eyes and a small nose.
阅读短文，根据短文内容在横线上填入正确单词。(每小题2分，共10分)
1. The hill is in the .
2. In the trees, there are many different colors of .
3. The flowers under the trees are , and white.
4. Lucy’s and Lily’s are brown.
5. The cat’s nose is .
D
Tom is seven. He goes to school every day. The school is near his home, so he goes there on foot and comes back home on time(按时). But today he is late. His mother asks him, “Why are you late today ”
“I am in the headmaster’s office(校长办公室).”
“Why do you go to the headmaster’s office ”
“Because my teacher asks us a question in the class, nobody can answer it, but I can.”
“It’s good to answer the teacher’s question.”
“But the question is who puts ink（墨水）on my chair ”
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(每小题2分，共10分)
1. Is Tom’s home far from his school
____________________________________________
2. How does he go to school
_____________________________________________
3. Does Tom often come back home late
____________________________________________
4. Only Tom can answer the question, can’t he
_____________________________________________
5. Is it good for Tom to do it
_____________________________________________
阅读理解基础闯关的答案
A篇1-5 FTFTF
B篇6-10 CBBAC
C篇11. presents / gifts 12.clothes 13. sister 14. CDs 15. chocolate
D篇16. No, he isn’t 17. Yes, he does. 18. The bell is at the top of the door.
19. Yes, it is. 20. The owner of the house
阅读理解名校培优的答案
A篇1-5 TFFTT
B篇 1-5 BDBCD
C篇 1. park 2. birds 3. red; yellow 4. dresses 5. small
D篇 1. No, it isn’t . 2. On foot. 3. No, he doesn’t. 4. Yes, he can. 5. No, it isn’t..
知识经纬
1. 了解阅读理解的考查内容以及常见题型
2. 掌握并灵活运用阅读理解的解题技巧
知识要点
阅读理解的考查内容
阅读理解所给的阅读材料一般由图表、图片、表格或短文等文字材料，要求考生根据其内容和要求答题。阅读理解是考查学生综合运用英语知识能力的题型。主要考查学生阅读理解、分析判断、语言运用和逻辑思维等方面的能力。
阅读理解的常见题型
1. 阅读短文判断正误；
2. 阅读短文选择正确答案；
3. 阅读短文回答问题；
4. 阅读短文完成句子。
阅读理解的解题技巧
1. 看短文后的问题，做到大体了解题意。
2. 带着问题通读全文，有图片或图表的短文，还要仔细观察所给图片或图表，了解短文大意，同时把与短文后问题相关的单词、句子画出来，并认真理解与问题相关的其他信息，做出准确的分析判断。
3. 如果遇到生词，可以根据上下文的意思去猜测此词的意思，切不可抓住一个生词不放，影响对整个短文的理解。
4. 最后再读短文，边读边核实答案。
温馨提示：在做阅读理解时，建议注意以下几点：
1.采用默读方法，避免唇读。
2.采用目视阅读，不要指读。
3.集中注意力，克服回视的习惯。
4.不要一遇到阅读故障就停下来。
5.不要凭主观印象答题。
6.答题时不要草率，仓促地写出答案。
7.做完题后，一定要复查。
点睛题
A
My name is Sally White. I am a school girl. My school is far from my home. Every day it takes long time to get there. The road is not flat(平坦). So I cannot go to school by bike. I often go there by bus or on foot. It takes me thirty minutes to get there by bus and an hour on foot. I must get up very early every morning. I have no time for breakfast at home. I often eat something for breakfast on the way. I don't want to be late for school.
根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。
( ) 1. The school isn't near to her home.
( ) 2. The girl can go to school by bike .
( ) 3. It takes her thirty minutes to get to school by bike .
( ) 4. The girl gets up very early every day .
( ) 5. She often has breakfast at home.
解析：做这道题时，同学们要先看题目，带着问题阅读短文，找出问题的答案。第1小题可从第三句话推测正误。第2小题可从第六句话推测正误。第3、4小题可从第四行的信息中直接判断正误。第5小题可从倒数第一二行中推测正误。
答案：1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F
B
Music Club Boys and girls, are you interested in music Can you play any musical instruments Welcome to or Star Rock Band. Mr. Green can teach you. You can come here every Sunday afternoon from 13:00 to 16:00. Tel: 623-1904 Room:102
( ) 1. If you want to join the music club, you can call ________.
A. 623-1409 B. 623-1904 C. 623-1940
( ) 2. The teacher of the music club is _______.
A. Mr. White B. Mr. Brown C. Mr. Green
( ) 3. You can learn to play the piano ______.
A. every day B. every Saturday C. every Sunday afternoon
( ) 4. If you want to sing, you can go to Room 102 at ________ every Sunday afternoon.
A. 13:00 p.m. B. 16:00 p.m. C. 3:00 a.m.
( ) 5. You want to know more about music, and you can join ________.
A. swimming club B. chess club C. Star Rock Band
解析：这是一道表格阅读题，同学们要先看题目，带着问题阅读表格中的信息，找出问题的答案。第1小题可在原文中直接找到答案。第2小题可从第二段第二句话推测出答案。第3和4小题可从第三段中测出答案。第5小题通过表格可以看出，Star Rock Band是俱乐部的名称。
答案：1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. C
基础闯关
A
Sarah and Her Sister
Sarah has four sisters. They are Betty, Mary, Rose and Ann. Sarah is the oldest of the five. Betty is thirteen years old. She is two years younger than Sarah and one year older than Mary. Rose is nine and Ann is seven. Sarah and Betty study in a middle school. Mary, Rose, and Ann study in a primary school. The primary school is near their home. They walk there. The middle school is far Sarah and Betty goes there by bus.
根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。
( )1. Ann is older than Rose.
( ) 2. Sarah and Betty are middle school students.
( )3. Mary, Rose, and Ann often go to school by bus.[
( )4. Their home is near the primary school.
( )5. There are five people in their family.
B
My name is Betty. I’m 13 years old. Ted is my brother. He is 15 years old. We are in the same school. He is in Grade 9, and I am in Grade 7. My mother is a teacher in our school. My father is a factory manager. I have a dog. Its name is Boxer. It’s only two. We’re good friends.
根据短文选择最佳选项。(每小题2分，共10分)
( ) 6. Ted is Betty’s ________.
A. father B. dog C. brother
( ) 7. Betty and Ted are ________.
A. teachers B. students C. managers
( ) 8. Betty’s mother works in a ________.
A. hotel B. school C. factory
( ) 9. Betty’s father is a ________ in a factory.
A. manager B. doctor C. worker
( ) 10. Boxer is the name of a ________.
A. boy B. girl C. dog
C
My birthday
My name is Tom．It's my birthday on Friday．I am fourteen years old．I usually have a party on my birthday，and this year，my party is on Saturday afternoon．I always have a big birthday cake，sometimes made of ice cream，with candy on top．
I usually get a lot of presents．My mother and father always give me new clothes to wear．Sometimes they give me a new pair of trainers or jeans．My brother usually gives me CDs．My sister often gives me something to read，like magazines or novels．
My grandparents never give me CDs or new clothes．They often give me cinema tickets or money，and they always give me a box of chocolate to eat as well!
阅读短文，根据短文内容在横线上填入正确单词。(每小题2分，共10分)
11．Tom usually gets a lot of _________．
12．Tom's mother and father always give him new _________ to wear．
13．Tom's _________ often gives him something to read．
14．Tom's brother usually gives him _________．
15．Tom's grandparents always give him a box of _________ to eat．
D
Ben thinks he is clever, but he always does foolish things. One day he sees a beautiful bell （门铃） at the top of a door. “Oh! How nice! I will take it home,” he thinks, “What can I do ” After a while he has a “good” idea. “Aha! I have an idea now. I can plug（堵） my ears. Then I will not hear the ring when I take off（拿掉）the bell.” Then Ben does that. But as soon as he takes off the bell, the owner opens the door. “What are you doing ” the owner says angrily.
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(每小题2分，共10分)
16. Is Ben a clever man ________________________________________________
17. Does Ben want the bell ______________________________________________
18. Where is the bell ___________________________________________________
19. The bell rings as soon as Ben takes it off, right ____________________________
20. Who catches Ben while he is taking off the bell ___________________________
名校培优
（限时30分钟 满分40分 ）
A
This is an old story about a crow（乌鸦）.
It is very hot and dry in the desert. The sun is shining all day. A crow is very thirsty. Suddenly he sees a jar with a little water. The mouth of the jar is too small and his mouth cannot reach the water. He thinks hard and later he has a good idea. He collects little stones and drops them, one by one, into the jar. The water in the jar rises and rises. At last, he is able to drink the water. How clever he is！
看图，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。 (每小题2分，共10分)
( ) 1. It is very hot in the desert.
( ) 2. A crow is very hungry and wants to find something to eat.
( ) 3. There is a jar with a lot of water in the desert.
( ) 4. The crow drops many little stones into the jar.
( ) 5. In the end the crow is not thirsty.
B
This is a picture of Mr. Li’s family. The man in the middle is Mr. Li. The woman is Mr. Li’s wife. They have two sons. The child behind Mr. Li is Li Lei. He’s thirteen. The other in front of Mrs. Li is Li Ming. He is eleven. Li Lei and Li Ming are in the same school, but not in the same grade. Li Lei is in Grade Two. Li Ming is in Grade One. They are good students.
根据短文选择最佳选项。(每小题2分，共10分)
( ) 1. There are _________ people in the picture.
A. three B. four C. five D. six
( ) 2.LiLei and Li Ming ______ in the same grade.
A. is B. isn’t C. are D. aren’t
( ) 3. Mr. and Mrs. Li have _________.
A. one boy, one girl B. two children C. two girls D. one boy
( ) 4. Li Ming is ________ brother.
A. Mr. Li’s B. Mrs. Li’s C. Li Lei’s D. we don’t know.
( ) 5. How old are Li Lei and Li Ming They’re ____________.
A. eleven and thirteen B. eleven and twelve
C. twelve and eleven D. thirteen and eleven
C
This is a picture of a park. There is a hill in the park. There are many big green trees on the hill. There are many lovely birds in the trees. They’re different colors. There are many red, yellow and white flowers under the trees. They’re all beautiful. Lucy and Lily are now in the park. Their dresses look the same. They’re brown. A black cat is between the twins. It has two big eyes and a small nose.
阅读短文，根据短文内容在横线上填入正确单词。(每小题2分，共10分)
1. The hill is in the .
2. In the trees, there are many different colors of .
3. The flowers under the trees are , and white.
4. Lucy’s and Lily’s are brown.
5. The cat’s nose is .
D
Tom is seven. He goes to school every day. The school is near his home, so he goes there on foot and comes back home on time(按时). But today he is late. His mother asks him, “Why are you late today ”
“I am in the headmaster’s office(校长办公室).”
“Why do you go to the headmaster’s office ”
“Because my teacher asks us a question in the class, nobody can answer it, but I can.”
“It’s good to answer the teacher’s question.”
“But the question is who puts ink（墨水）on my chair ”
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(每小题2分，共10分)
1. Is Tom’s home far from his school
____________________________________________
2. How does he go to school
_____________________________________________
3. Does Tom often come back home late
____________________________________________
4. Only Tom can answer the question, can’t he
_____________________________________________
5. Is it good for Tom to do it
_____________________________________________
阅读理解基础闯关的答案
A篇1-5 FTFTF
B篇6-10 CBBAC
C篇11. presents / gifts 12.clothes 13. sister 14. CDs 15. chocolate
D篇16. No, he isn’t 17. Yes, he does. 18. The bell is at the top of the door.
19. Yes, it is. 20. The owner of the house
阅读理解名校培优的答案
A篇1-5 TFFTT
B篇 1-5 BDBCD
C篇 1. park 2. birds 3. red; yellow 4. dresses 5. small
D篇 1. No, it isn’t . 2. On foot. 3. No, he doesn’t. 4. Yes, he can. 5. No, it isn’t..