2024届中考英语二轮复习专题突破第5讲 数词和情态动词

课程主题： 数词和情态动词
学习目标 掌握基数词和序数词的拼写和基本用法； 掌握情态动词的基本含义和运用。
教学内容
【课前检测】 建议5min 1.—Isn’t that Mary’s new English teacher over there？ —No, it _______ be her. I’m sure she doesn’t have long hair. A. won’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 2.How nice the food smells! I’m sure it taste delicious. A. must B. can C. may D. should 3.---Mr. Smith must have been to your home this morning. ---No, he , because he didn’t know my address. couldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. may not 4.---Someone is knocking on the door. Is it Nancy ---It be Nancy. She has gone to Shanghai on business. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. may not D. will not 5.It will be the (第七) time for Xi Jinping to visit America this September. 6.My mother is already in her ( forty), but she is still dreaming to go to university. 7.David celebrated his _______ (forty) birthday with his family in Morocco at the beginning of this month. 【课堂导学】 【知识点梳理】 数词 【知识梳理1】数词考情解析 考点201820172016201520142013数词11//11
【知识梳理2】数词的拼写 基数词的拼写 1 one 11 eleven 2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy 8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty 9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety 10 ten 100 one(a) hundred 百 1 000 one(a) thousand 千 10 000 ten thousand 万 100 000 one(a) hundred thousand 十万 1 000 000 one(a) million 百万
序数词的拼写（考查重点） 序数词 缩写 序数词 缩写first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12thtwentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-fifth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth20th 21st 30th 35th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th
【例题精讲】 1.Next Tuesday is my father’s ________(forty) birthday. I’ll buy some flowers for him. 2.Today, people eat rice dumplings and have dragon boat races to remember Quyuan on the _____(five) day of May in the lunar calendar every year. 3.Great men always have enough courage to do what they want and think (two) before taking action. 4.---It’s raining again! ---Yeah, this is the________(four) rainy day in the week! 【巩固练习】 1.Jiangnan Examination Office in Confucius Temple attracted (千) of tourists on China Tourist Day this year. 2.More than six (百) teams took part in 2017 Nanjing primary and secondary school robot competition in May. 3.Shanghai Disneyland will be in service on June 16. It may attract (百万) of visitors this year. 4.Next Wednesday is my mother’s (第四十) birthday. I’ll make a special card for her. 【知识梳理3】数词的用法 一、基数词的用法 1. 时间的表达 12小时制时刻的读法分为顺读法和倒读法。顺读法是依次读“点钟数、分钟数”。倒读法中，在前半小时：“分钟数＋past＋已过点钟数”；在后半小时：“分钟数＋to＋下个钟点数”。半小时用“half”，一刻钟用quarter 6: 00读作：six(o'clock) 7: 30顺读：seven thirty 倒读：half past seven 9: 15顺读：nine fifteen 倒读：a quarter past nine 2: 45顺读：two forty-five 倒读：a quarter to three 21: 50顺读：twenty-one fifty 倒读：ten to ten in the evening＝9: 50p.m. 24: 00读作：twenty-four hundred hours＝midnight The bus usually leaves at 19:15. 公共汽车通常在19:15离开。 (读作a quarter past seven in the evening 或nineteen fifteen) 2. 表示计量：表示事物的计量，即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度 3. 表示编号：编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示 4. 表示不确切的数字：基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字 5. 表示年龄和岁数 1）表示年龄的主要句式如下： He is 10(years of age). 他10 岁。 He is 10 yeas old. 他10 岁。 He is a ten-year-old boy. 他是个10岁的男孩子。 He is a boy of 10 yeas old. 他是个10岁的男孩子。
At the age of ten, he began to learn English. 他10岁开始学英语。 2) 介词in+ one’s twenties (thirties…) 表示 “在某人20多岁（30多岁……）”。 6. 表示年代：表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the ,如1980’s
（20世纪80年代），读作：nineteen eighties. 7. 表示百分数：百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词 8. 数词和名词连用，加连字符相当于形容词 He is a ten-year-old boy. = He is a boy of 10 yeas old 他是一个10岁的男孩。 注意有“-”时名词后不可写复数形式，其作为一个整体相当于形容词，只作定语。而不加“-”时，当基数词大于1时，之后的名词要注意用复数，只能作表语。 类似这样的用法，还有：three-meter-high 三米高的 four-meter-wide 4米宽的 二、序数词的用法 1. 序数词主要用作定语、表语，前面一般要加定冠词the。 2. 序数词前不用定冠词的情况 ①表示顺序的语气很弱，具有“又一”、“再一”的意思时，其前要用不定冠词，不用定冠词。 ②序数词前有指示代词、物主代词、名词所有格或every时，不用定冠词。 ③在表示分数的序数词前不用定冠词。 ④数词与名词构成复合名词时，不用定冠词。 ⑤序数词用作副词时，不用定冠词。 ⑥在一些由序数词构成的固定词组里不用定冠词。 三、基数词和序数词合作之分数的表达 分数的表达方式是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母 加s. 如：a(=one) third 三分之一 one fifth 五分之一 two thirds / two-thirds 三分之二 three fourths/ three-fourths 四分之三 【例题精讲】 1.People who are in their ________ (thirty) care more about their career than their own life. 2.Kitty knows the Jinling Library well because she has been there (two). 3.To our surprise, Mr. Green went to college in his (sixty). 4.The policemen always put the job first and the family (two). 5.The woman looks beautiful and energetic. It’s hard to imagine she is in her ________. sixteen B. sixtieth C. sixty D. sixties 6.The famous writer passed away peacefully in her (九十). 【巩固练习】 1.The Sutong Highway Bridge, a __________ bridge, is already open to traffic. A. 32 kilometre long B. 32-kilometre-long C. 32 kilometres long D. 32-kilometres-long 2.My cousin served in the army in _________ when he was in ________________. A. 1990’s; the twenties B. the 1990’s; the twenties C. the 1990s; his twenties D. 1990’s; his twenties 3.About _________ of the books in our school library ___________ written in Chinese. four-fifth; is B. four-fifths; are C. fourth-fifths; is D. fourths-fifth; are 4.About__________ of the earth ___________ covered with water, but not fresh water. three-fourth; is B. three-fourths; are C. three-fourths; is D. three-fourth; are 情态动词 【知识梳理1】情态动词考情解析 考点201820172016201520142013数词///1//
【知识梳理2】情态动词用法 情态动词用法例句备注can / could表示能力Can you write it down 你能把它写下来吗？could用于过去时态表示允许或请求许可You can leave now. 你现在可以走了。 Could I sit here could表示更委婉，更可气用于否定猜测，表示“一定不”That man can’t be our English teacher.用于否定句中may/might表示请求或许可May I borrow your bike 我能借你的自行车吗？相当于can，might比may更委婉表示推测，意为“可能，或许”It may snow tomorrow. 明天可能下雪。表示祝愿May you have fun! 祝你玩得开心多用于句首must表示主观看法，意为“绝对，必须”You must finish the work in two days.你必须在两天内完成这项工作。mustn’t 指“禁止”、“不许”表示肯定的猜测，意为“一定是”Bill must be ill because he looks terrible.比尔一定是生病了，因为它看起来不舒服。只用于肯定句中have to表示客观看法，意为“不得不，必须”It’s raining. I have to stay at home.下雨了，我只得待在家里。★ 有人称、数和时态的变化，否定或疑问要借助动词变化need表示“需要”Need I wait here 我需要在这儿等吗？★ 做情态动词时，只用于否定或疑问句shall用于征求对方意见，意为“可以”Shall I go now 我现在可以走了吗？多用于第一人称（否定形式为shan’t）should表示劝告、义务，意为“应该”We should do something to help pandas. 我们应该做些事去帮助大熊猫will/would表示意愿或打算I will do my best to help you. 我愿尽力帮助你。would为will的过去时态表示请求或建议Would you mind my smoking here 你介意我在这儿抽烟吗？would比will语气更委婉
【例题精讲】 1.--- Mum, must I go shopping with you ---No, you_______. You can watch the film Big Hero 6 with your friends. needn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t 2. ---Have you decided where to spend your summer holiday ---Not yet. We ________ go to Qingdao. A. must B. should C. need D. may 3.---Who’s the man over there Is it Mr. Black ---It ______ be him. He’s much taller. A. may not B. can’t C. will not D. mustn’t 4.It’s the library!So you________know shouting is not allowed here. A.can B.must C.need D.may 5.---You don’t have to take a raincoat. It isn’t going to rain. ---Well, I am not sure. It ________ do. A. must B. need C. may D. would 6.---Jim, what’s the greatest advantage of shopping online ---I think I spend a lot of time going from shop to shop. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 7.---Are you interested in shopping online ---Not at all. Because I see real products but pictures. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 8.---______ I see your ID card, sir ---No problem. Here you are． A．Can B．May C．Need D．Must 【巩固练习】 用can, may, must, need, have to, had better的适当形式填空： 1. You ________________ return the library book on time. 2. I ______________ (not) find the way to the hospital. _______________ you show me the way 3. —________________ I finish the work right now — No, you ________________ (not). You ____________ do it later. 4. Her mother was ill. She ________________ stay at home and look after her. 5. It’s time for class. You ________________ stop playing football or you __________be late for class. 6. We ________________ start right now, or they would get there first. 7. The cloud is lifting, so it ________________ (not) be a rainy day tomorrow. 【课堂练习】 数词专题训练 1.There are over twelve (千) runners joining in this year’s Lishui Mountain Half-Marathon. 2.The Chinese pianist Wu Yili can play Butterfly Lovers well even in her (八十). 3.We all know Father’s Day falls on the (第三) Sunday of June every year. 4.The students donated over two _________ books at our school charity sale last Friday. A. thousands B. thousand C. thousands of D. thousand of 5.It’s never too old to learn. Karl Marx began to learn English in his . A. fifty B. fifties C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth 6.My cousin is a professor at a university though he is only in his early_______( thirty ) 7.Although my grandfather is in his (九十), he still plays Taichi every morning. 8.Nanjing is building the (第五) bridge across the Changjiang River now. 9.Jason lives on the (第九) floor in this building, two floors above me. 10.Today, many families in our country are planning to have a _______（第二）child. 11.Many women have babies in their (thirty) because of the two-child policy. 12.This famous director won the first award in his _________(forty). 13.Please pass me the ____(five) dictionary from the right in the bookcase. 二、情态动词专练 1.---Kate, it’s midnight! Why stay up so late ---I’d like to go to bed earlier, but the test paper ______ be handed in tomorrow morning. A. may B. should C. can D. must 2.--- How nice the building is! What is it for --- It __________ a hotel. But I am not sure. A. must be B. have to be C. may be D. can 3.---Who will give us the speech on public manners ---Mr. Brown _________, but I’m not sure. A. can B. need C. must D. might 4.---I hear that you’ve got plenty of foreign coins. I have a look ---Sure. Let me show you. Should B. Need C. Must D. May 5.---Who is singing in the next room Is it Lucy ---No, it be her. She has gone to Hainan on holiday. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t 6.Drivers ______ run the red light, otherwise, they will lose 6 points at a time. A. mustn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. may not 7.— It’s very kind of Lily to prepare all the things for the party. — Do you mean we ______ bring anything A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 8.— Robert, I’m afraid I _______ finish the work today. — It doesn’t matter, you may finish it tomorrow. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 9.—I don't mind giving you a detailed explanation of what happened that day. —You________. I'm not asking you for it. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t 10.—Can we still see this kind of rare trees in the Purple Mountain —It is hard to say. There________ be some on the top of it. A. will B. must C. may D. need 11.—Tom went skating on the lake yesterday. —It _______be true. The ice is too thin to skate on.（联合体） A.can’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. needn’t 12.According to the local rule, children under the age of 12_______ride a shared bicycle in Nanjing. A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. may not 13.— I saw Kitty in the library just now. — It _______ be her. She has gone to the USA as an exchange student. A. mustn’t B. can’t C. must D. can 三、阅读填空 A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第56-65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56-65的相应位置上。 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。 Everyone needs a break, and holidays are a great way to take a break and enjoy a good book. Summer vacation is coming so this is the perfect time to discuss some great English literature to take on a long train journey while you’re hanging out with the family. If you’re at the beginner level, there are two choices: reading a children’s book or reading a book that you’ve read in Chinese translation. This will help you understand better, since you’ve already known the story. If you’re at the middle level, popular books like novels and mysteries are good choices, as they are attractive enough to increase the possibility of your understanding of the book. For top readers, science books, classical books or prize winners, such as Nobel, Pulitzer are good choices. The most important thing is to pick a book that you’re really interested in. When I pick up a new book in Chinese, the first few pages are always really hard to get through, as I have to get used to the way the writer uses the language. But after that, things get a lot easier, especially if I like the story. Another great way to help you read in the holiday is to find a friend who’s interested in reading the same book. You can make goals that you both want to achieve and talk about the book with each other by QQ or e-mail. I’m doing that with my friend Laura. We’ve done this since we were classmates in Chinese at college. Some quick recommendations: Harry Potter, start with the first book and go on from there; the Narnia series; and if you like horror, Stephen King’s novels are always unusual and fun. But really you should just find a topic or writer that you’re interested in, and the rest will go from there. Happy reading! TitleEnjoy 56 English books during the journey 57 of books●Beginners may pick a 58 book or a book whose story is familiar to them. ●Popular books may make it 59 for middle-level readers to understand. ●Science books, classical books or prize winners may be 60 for top readers. 61 to keep you reading●Pick a book that is interesting enough to keep you reading. After 62 used to the language, things get easier. ●Read along with a friend and 63 views with each other. 64 of some books●Harry Potter series ●Narnia series ● The 65 by Stephen King
B) 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为66-75的相应位置。 Once upon a time, there was a man with a ne house, healthy animals and fertile land. He also had a handsome, lovely son. But the man was worried about his son, b 66 the boy grew up knowing only good times and comfortable life. “What will happen when something goes w 67 for him ” wondered his father. “How will he know what to do ” So one day, the man asked the boy to go into the f 68 and collect wood. To help him carry the wood home, the man gave the boy an old cart and two horses. As he was l 69 , the man said to his son, “If the cart breaks down w 70 you are in the forest, don’t worry. Real Need will teach you what to do.” The boy collected as m 71 wood as he could and put it onto the cart. But when the cart was filled with wood, it broke under the weight of the wood. “I hope that Real Need lives n 72 ,” thought the boy, and he started crying out,“Real Need! Real Need! Where are you Can you help me ” The boy called and called, but n 73 came, so he had no choice but to repair the cart h74 . When he arrived home he said to his father, “You said Real Need would t75 me to repair the cart, but I couldn’t nd him anywhere. I had to x it all by myself.” The man smiled happily and thought,“Real Need really is the best teacher.” 【课堂回顾】 【课后作业】 数词情态动词练习。 数词情态动词练习。 1.---Anna, must I return the book to you today ---No, you ____ . You can read it for another two days. A.mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 2.---What do you plan to do on the ____ May Day holiday ---I have no idea. Probably, I will spend it by doing many papers. A. three-day B. three-days C. three days D. three day’s 3.---Hurry up, Mum. The lights are turned on. Dad has been back. ---It _______ be him. He has gone to Shanghai. A. must B. can’t C. mustn’t D. may 4.---Where is Zhang Hua Is he in the classroom now ---He be there, for I saw him in the teachers’ office just now. A. can’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t 5.---________I do the laundry first, Mum ---No, you ________. You can do your homework first. A. Must; mustn’t B. Can; mustn’t C. Must; needn’t D. May; needn’t 6.I bought a toy car for my son’s (第九) birthday. 7.There are (百) of women dancing at the square after supper every day. 8.Though the Grade 9 students are busy with their study, they should still do sports _________ (两次) a day. 9.Who will be the _________( four ) speaker Get ready, please. 10.---Jimmy will hold a party for his (twelve) birthday. Let’s buy a present for him. --- OK. Let’s go. 11.Now Father’s Day becomes very popular. It is on the (第三) Sunday every June. 12.At present, Billy is fourteen years old and in the _____(nine) grade. 预习思考