2024届中考英语二轮复习专题突破第6讲 动词及动词短语辨析（无答案）

课程主题： 动词及动词短语辨析
学习目标 1.掌握动词时态和语态的运用； 2.掌握动词短语的辨析及运用； 3.掌握常考动词的辨析及运用；
教学内容
【课前检测】 单项选择。 1. Some people enjoy ______ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea. A. to send B. send C. sending D. sent 2. ---Simon, do you know who invented the kite ---Sure! It ______ by Mozi over 2, 000 years ago. A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented 3. ---Yesterday Tommy walked past my table and ______ my bowls and dishes. ---He should be careful next time. A. knock off B. take off C. show off D. turn off 4.---What’s wrong with you, Eric You look tired. ---I ________ to prepare for the final exam last night. A. picked up B. woke up C. stayed up D. put up 5. Xue Zhiqian’s latest album Animal World, with his posters, ________ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 6. ---What do you think of the TV drama In the Name of People ---Quite good. And I _____ the novel twice. A. read B. have read C. am reading D. was reading 7. You can’t get into the underground unless your luggage(行李) _______. A. checks B. will be checked C. is checked D. to be checked 8. The super star Messi __________ interested in football ever since he was very young. A. has been B. has become C. became D. was 9. Since Tencent released Wechat, it ________ one of the most popular apps in the world. A. became B. has become C. has been D. was 10. To make our city more beautiful, people __________ to throw rubbish into the river. A. allow B. don’t allow C. are allowed D. aren’t allowed 【课堂导学】 【知识点梳理】 【知识梳理1】动词考情分析 考点201820172016201520142013动词时态&语态212324动词或短语辨析122221
【知识梳理2】动词时态和语态考点 一、动词主动语态的六种时态 时态谓语动词形式例句 一般现在时be动词、行为动词原形或第三人称单数形式1. I like sports. 2. He likes sports. 3. She is a good teacher. 一般过去时be动词、行为动词的过去式We had a great time yesterday. 一般将来时will/be going to +动词原形1. They will go to the cinema next week. 2. He is going to have a picnic with his family tomorrow. 现在进行时am/is/are+动词的现在分词形式1.My parents are watching TV now. 2.I am looking for my purse. 现在完成时have/has+动词的过去分词 Lily has learned English for three years.过去进行时was/were+动词的现在分词形式We were talking loudly when the teacher came in.
（一）一般现在时 含义：用于表示现阶段习惯性、周期性、反复或经常发生的动作，或者用于描述客观真理。 谓语部分结构：一般现在时中，谓语动词用be动词或是行为动词。谓语部分结构如下： 1.be: am, is, are 2.行为动词： 用法： （1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作。常与often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day等表示频率的副词和时间状语连用。例： I get up at six every day. He usually takes a bus to school. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态、情感和性格。例： Mary’s father is an English teacher. He lives in Nanjing now. His hair is brown. （3）表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言谚语等。例： The sun rises in the east every day. The earth is round. The Physics teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 在某些以here,there开头的句子中用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。例： Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. 一般现在时表将来。下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情, 经常用在时刻表中。例：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 与一般现在时连用的时间状语： （1）表示频度的副词：always, usually, often, sometimes等。 （2）on Sundays, on Monday afternoons, every day, every morning, every year等时间状语。 （3）once a year, twice a month, three times a week等时间状语。 （二）一般过去时 1.一般过去时的构成 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。如，work—worked。 2.一般过去时的用法 （1）表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 例：We visited a farm last Sunday．我们上周日参观了一个农场。 （2）表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。（过去常常做某事也可用used to do sth.来表示） 例：When I was in the countryside, l used to swim in the river.在农村时，我常常在河里游泳。 3.与一般过去时连用的时间状语有： last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago, in 1990,in the past, in the other day, at that time，just now等。 （三）一般将来时 1.表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，其结构是“will+动词原形”。常与表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow, next week, in a few days, next Saturday, in+一段时间等。例： Will you be back in two days 你两天后会回来吗？ Where shall we meet tomorrow？明天我们在哪里碰面？ 2.be going to+动词原形，表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的并很可能发生的事。例： What are you going to do next Sunday 下周日你打算干什么？ Look at the clouds. There is going to be a storm.看那些乌云，暴风雨就要来临了。（客观现象） 3.“be to+动词原形”结构表示即将发生的动作。 ※4.在下面几种情况下只可用shall( will)表示将来，而不可以用be going to结构。 （1）表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时。 例：Will you please lend me your bike 你能把自行车借给我用一下吗？ （2）表示带有意愿色彩的时候。 例：We will help him if he asks us.如果他向我们求助，我们愿意帮助他。 （3）表示客观性的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时。 例：The sun will rise at 6:00 tomorrow morning.明天早上太阳将在6:00升起。 （四）现在进行时 1.表示此时此刻正在进行的动作； 2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。例： The students are working on the farm these days. 学生们这些天一直在农场劳动。 3.用现在进行时表示将来。 常用这种结构的动词有：go, come, leave, stay, start, begin等，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。例： We are leaving for Shanghai.我们就要动身去上海了。 The bus is coming soon.公共汽车就快来了。 4.现在进行时由“am/is/are+动词的现在分词”构成 （1）否定形式：主语+am/is/are+not+动词的现在分词 （2）疑问形式：am/is/are+主语+动词的现在分词 （3）肯定回答：Yes,+ 主语+ am/is/are （4）否定回答：No,+主语+ am/is/are+not 5.当时间状语为now,these days 等或当句子中含有look, listen, can you see, can’t you see之类的暗示词时，要用现在进行时。 下列这些动词一般不能用现在进行时 （1）表示感觉的动词，如see, hear等； （2）表示喜欢或厌恶的动词，如like, love, hate等； （3）表示希望的动词，如want, would like等； （4）表示状态的动词，如be等； （5）表示归属的动词，如have等； （6）表示思维，知识或理解能力的动词，如know, think, forget等。 （五）现在完成时 1.表示发生在过去的或已经完成的对现在仍有影响的动作。例： I have lost my key. 我把钥匙丢了。（过去丢的，现在还没有找到） I have already seen the film. 我已经看过那部电影了。 —Have you found your lost key yet 你已经找到了你的钥匙了吗？ —No, I haven’t found it yet. 不，我还没有找到。 2.表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，并持续到现在，也许还要持续下去，常和for, since连用。表示持续的动作或状态多用延续性动词。例： Mr. Zhang has taught English for 20 years.张老师已经教了20年英语了。 3.几个副词在现在完成时中的用法 （1）just意为“刚刚”，表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间；例： He has just come back from America. （2）ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词和过去分词之间；例： Have you ever been to London 你去过伦敦吗？ （3）never意为“从来没有”，常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 （4）before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时候，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。例： I have never heard of this singer before.我以前从未听说过这名歌星。 （5）since+时间点，for+时间段。 4.延续性动词和终止性动词的用法 （1）现在完成时表示动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在，而与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。 我离开家乡已有10年了。 误：I have left my hometown for 10 years. 正：I have been away from my hometown for 10 years. （2）在否定句中，终止性动词可与一段时间连用。 （3）终止性动词与一段时间状语连用时可采用下列三种方法： a.将终止性动词转化为延续性动词： come—be here; go—be there; die—be dead; borrow—keep; buy—have; join—be in(be a member); leave—be away等。 b.将时间状语改为过去时间，而用一般过去时代替现在完成时。 c.用句型“it is+一段时间+since从句（从句的用一般过去时）”表示。 终止性动词延续性动词buyhaveborrowkeepopenbe openclosebe closedbegin / startbe oncomebe heregobe therefinish / endbe overdiebe deadcatch a coldhave a coldget upbe upwake upbe awakefall asleepbe asleepjoinbe inleavebe awayarrive / reachbemarrybe married
（六）过去进行时 1.表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语如then, at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday等连用，或用另一动作来表示过去的时间。 例：I was reading when mother came in.当妈妈进来时，我正在看书 2.过去进行时常与always和时间副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感彩。 例：Jack was always changing his mind.杰克总是在改变他的主意。 3.注意含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中过去进行时的运用： （1）主句中的动作先于从句中的动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，主句用过去进行时，从句常用一般过去时。 （2）从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。 （3）若主句、从句动作开始时间不存在先后关系（即同时发生）或无所谓先后时，主从句可同时使用过去进行时，此时的时间状语从句一般由while来引导。 二、动词的被动语态 时态结构例句一般现在时am/is/are +过去分词We are taught English by her.由她教我们英语。一般过去时was/were+过去分词A present was given to me by Mary.玛丽给了我一件礼物。一般将来时will/shall/be going to be+过去分词The desk will be mended by him.这张桌子将由他修理。 情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词（其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变）例1：Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 例2：Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时） 例3：Can tables be made of stone 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
（一）被动语态的基本知识 1. 语态：英语的动词有两种语态形式，即主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词用主动语态。如果主语是动作的对象，谓语动词用被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词的形式表现出来的，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 2. 主动语态与被动语态的转化： （1）将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语； （2）将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构； （3）将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。 例： We visited that factory last summer. 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 3. 用法： 被动语态常用于以下两种情况： （1）不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者； 例：This cloth is made of cotton. （2）强调动作的承受者。 例：Her bike is stolen . （二）被动语态的特殊用法 1.不能用被动语态的情况 （1）不及物动词不用于被动语态，如appear, rise, come out, happen, occur, lie, take place等不及物动词不能用于被动语态。 （2）表状态动词不用于被动语态，常见的有：hold, have, cost, contain, become, look like等。 2.主动形式表被动意义。 （1）某些系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义。如：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, sound等。例： Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的卧室看起来非常干净和整洁。 （2）某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。例： The conversation is hard to understand. 对这话很难理解。 The fish is not easy to fish. 鱼不容易钓。 The passage is difficult to read. 这段文章很难读懂。 （3）动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如：need, require, worth等，并且可相互转化，如need doing = need to be done。例： The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 The children need looking after. 孩子们需要照看。 （4）write, sell, wash和read和副词连用，主动语态表被动意义。例： The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很顺手。 The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。 3.及物动词后跟双宾语的句子，被动语态有两种。 常见的有： 主动语态被动语态bring sb. sth. 把某物带给某人sb be brought sth / sth be brought to sb lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人sb be lent sth/ sth be lent to sboffer sb. sth. 将某物给某人sb be offered sth/ sth be offered to sbpass sb. sth. 把某物递给某人sb be passed sth/ sth be passed to sb pay sb. sth. 付给某人某物（钱）sb be paid sth/ sth be paid to sb send sb. sth.把某物送给某人sb be sent sth/ sth be sent to sbsell sb. sth.把某物卖给某人sb be sold sth/ sth be sold to sbshow sb. sth. 拿某物给某人看sb be shown sth/ sth be shown to sb teach sb. sth. 教某人某物sb be taught sth/ sth be taught to sb tell sb. sth.告诉某人某情况sb be told sth/ sth be told to sbbuy sb. sth. 为某人买某物sb be bought sth/ sth be bought for sb make sb. sth.为某人制作某物sb be made sth/ sth be made for sb
4.感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice及使役动词let, make, have等，动词后省略to不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符合to。 例：I always see the boys play in the park. (变成被动语态) The boys are always seen to play by me in the park. 【例题精讲】 单项选择。 1.---I’ve not finished my project yet. ---Hurry up! Our friends _______ for us. A.wait B.are waiting C.will wait D.have waited 2.We’re sure that the environment in our city ______ greatly through our work in the near future. A. improved B. was improved C. has improved D. will be improved 3.It’s said that an Asian Culture Village__________ inside the AYG Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period. A. builds B. is building C. will be built D. was built 4.Yaxi, a quiet village in Gaochun, ________ China’s first “Slow City” in November 2011. A. names B. named C. is named D. was named 5.It’s reported that Nanjing South Railway Station _______ at the end of this month. A. has been completed B.is completed C. was completed D.will be completed 【巩固练习】 单项选择。 1. In April this year, the First Robotics Competition ______ in the Olympic Park Sydney, Australia. Fourteen students from Northeast Yucai Foreign Language School won five championships. A. was held B. held C. will hold D. is held 2. —Andy, the glass is broken. How did that happen —Sorry, dad. I don’t know. I ______ in the garden then. A. was playing B. have played C. am playing D. play 3. —Do you know why the store to close by the local government —Because of the high prices on goods. Business must be honest, you know. A. would be asked B. was asked C. asked D. has asked 4. There have been 7 underground lines in Nanjing and 9 more lines ______ in a few years. A. are built B. will build C. will be built D. are going to build 5. — What did you do during the Dragon Boat Festival — I ______ a dragon boat race with my cousin. It was so exciting. A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. have watched 6. When the earthquake ________, most of the villagers were working in the fields. A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. would happen 7. —Is it true that in 2020, high school students can take English tests more than once — It’s reported that only the highest score ________. A. will take B. has taken C. will be taken D. was taken 8. — Father’s day is coming. Have you prepared any presents for your father — Not yet, but I’m sure I ______ one for him. A. bought B. buy C. have bought D. will buy 【知识梳理3】非谓语动词考点 一、只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的19个常用动词 1. want to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to buy a new computer this afternoon.我想今天下午买台新电脑。 2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事 I would like to invite you to come to my birthday party this Saturday.我想邀请你这周六来我的聚会。 3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事 I wish to live on the moon one day.我希望有一天在月球上生活。 4. help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事 I often help (to) do some chores at home.我在家经常帮着做家务。 5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope to have a good rest this weekend.我希望这周末好好休息一下。 6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 He finally learned to play the piano with the help of the teacher.在老师的帮助下，他最终学会了弹钢琴。 7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事 They managed to escape the fire yesterday.昨天他们设法逃脱了火灾。 8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 Never offer to teach fish to swim.别在强人面前逞能。 9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 He plans to travel around the world.他计划要周游世界。 10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事（时间或金钱方面） We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.今年夏天我们没有足够的钱出国。 11. agree to do sth. 做某事 He agreed to do it at once.他同意立刻行动。 12. ask to do sth. 要求做某事 The boy asks to go to school by bike.这个男孩要求骑自行车去上学。 13. choose to do sth. 选择做某事 He chose to believe what she had said.他选择相信她说的话。 14. decide to do sth. 决定做某事=make a decision to do sth.= make decisions to do sth.= make up one’s mind to do sth. She has decided to travel all over the world.她已经决定周游世界了。 15. expect to do sth. 等待做某事 I am expecting to hear from you soon.我期待着早点收到你的来信。 16. prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 They prepared to go hiking this Sunday.他们准备周日去远足。 17. promise to do sth. 答应做某事 I have promised to give the children some books.我已经答应给孩子们一些书了。 18. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 She refused to buy a new cellphone for her boy.她拒绝给她儿子买新手机。 二、只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的11个常用动词 1. practice doing sth. 练习做某事 I practice playing the piano twice a week.我每周练习两次弹钢琴。 2. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 I consider waiting a bit longer before I give up.我考虑放弃之前再等待一段时间。 3. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 I enjoy playing basketball.我喜欢打篮球。 4. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 Let's finish doing the work together.让我们一起完成工作吧。 5. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 My father has given up smoking.我爸爸已经戒烟了。 6. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 I can't imagine marrying such a woman.我不能想象娶了这样一个女人。 7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事 I kept studying English for 1 hour yesterday evening.昨天晚上，我一直学了1小时英语。 8. risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 To win the gamble, he risked losing 100 dollars.为了赢这场赌局，他冒了失去100美元的风险。 9. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 I suggest traveling abroad next month.我建议下个月出国旅行。 10. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 Try to avoid drinking and smoking.尽量避免喝酒和抽烟。 11. mind doing sth. 介意做某事 Would you mind opening window 你介意开窗户吗？ 三、既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的5个动词 1. remember to do sth. 记住要做某事（未做） remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（已做） Remember to close the door，please.记着关门。 I remember closing the door.我记得关了门了。 2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做） The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。 He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯了. 3. regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事（未做） regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做） I regret to tell you that you can’t pass the examination.我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试。 I regret disturbing yo so long.我很抱歉打扰了你那么久。 4. go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事 He went on doing his homework in his room after supper.晚饭后他继续在自己的房间里做家庭作业。 After finishing his homework，he went on to read the text.写完家庭作业后，他又继续读课文。 5. stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做事情 The two girls stopped talking when they saw me.那两个女孩一见到我就停止了讲话。 The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me.这两个女孩一看到我就停下来和我讲话。 四、接不定式作宾补的21个常用动词 1. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 3. ask sb. to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事 4. choose sb. to do sth. 选择某人做某事 5. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事 6. expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 7. force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 8. get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事 9. hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌/厌恶某人做某事 10. help sb. （to） do sth. 帮助某人做某事 11. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 12. like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事 13. need sb. to do sth. 需求某人做某事 14. order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 15. remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 16. teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 17. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉/让某人做某事 18. teach sb. to do sth. 教会某人做某事 19. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 20. warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事 21. wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 五、可接动词原形做宾补的9个动词 1. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事 I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday.昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。 2. watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了某事 I watched the thief steal money from others' pockets.我看到这个小偷从别人的口袋里偷了钱。 3. notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事 I noticed him leave the room.我注意到他离开了房间。 4. look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做了某事 I looked at him do his homework just now.刚才，我看着他做了他的作业。 5. hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做了某事 I heard him sing an English song half an hour ago.半个小时前，我听到他唱了一首英文歌曲。 6. listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做了某事 I listened to him read the passage aloud in English yesterday.昨天，我听着他用英语朗读了这段话。 7. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 I made the students elect a monitor.我让学生们推选一位班长。 8. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 Let me help you wash your clothes.让我帮你洗衣服吧。 9. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 My mom haves me do some housework every weekend.我妈妈每周末让我做一些家务。 注意：以上9个动词，也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在时间和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。 see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事 see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 be seen to do 被看见做了什么事
be seen doing 被看见正在做某事 I saw him make the phone call.我看到他打了电话。（他打电话的整个动作我都看见了） 被动结构：He was seen to make the phone call. I saw him making a phone call.我看到他正在打电话。（强调看到他正在打电话，并没有看见全过程。） 被动结构：He was seen making the phone call. 【例题精讲】 单项选择。 1. ---A young man has just borrowed 5,000,000 yuan from a bank to buy a flat. ---That sounds crazy. He will risk ______ everything all at one time. A. lose B. losing C. to lose D. of losing 2. It _______ some boys too much time to play the computer game King Glory. I think these boys should keep a balance between study and entertainment. A. costs B. takes C. spends D. pays 3. Life is about waiting for the right moment________, because everyone is in his own TIME ZONE. A. acting B. to act C. act D. acts 4. The price of housing in Nanjing is so high that many people can’t afford ________ a flat. A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. buy 5. When you travel abroad, you can hardly avoid ________ products made in China. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. be bought 6. --- It’s going to rain tonight. I’m a little worried about Adam. He’s still out. ---Why not ______ him a call A. give B. to give C. giving D. gave 【巩固练习】 词汇填空。 1. ---Do you think it is worth (connect) my watch to the Internet ---I’m afraid it isn’t necessary to do so. 2. This book is so important that it is worth (read) again and again. 3. I would rather stay at home than (play) football with my classmates because it is too hot outside. 4. Over forty countries around the world are expecting (join) the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) (亚投行). 5. ---Why didn’t you arrive home early as usual, Daniel ---On my way home, I met an old friend of mine and stopped (talk) with him. 6.His wife has been dead for years and now he has got used to (live) alone. 7.---What should we do to live a green life, Kitty ---My dad used to (drive) me to school, but now we take the underground. 8. He would rather (go) to Beijing for further study than stay in Hangzhou. 9.Our English teacher asks us not (speak) English in class. 10.---Lily, why do you like classical music so much ---Because it can always help me (放松) when I feel stressed. 【知识梳理4】动词短语 常考短语搭配 add...to... 把……添加到…… allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 ask sb.to do sth.叫某人做某事 agree with sb.同意某人 agree to do sth.同意做某事 be able to do sth. = can do sth. = have an ability to do sth.能够做某事 be strict with sb. 对某人严格 be interested in... = show an interest in...对……感兴趣 be busy doing sth. / be busy with sth.忙于做某事 be worth doing sth. / be worth sth.值得做某事 be / get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 break down出故障 break into 强行闯入 break out 爆发 care about... 在乎，关心…… come out 出来，开花，出版 come true 成真，实现 come up with 想出、提出…… cheer up 使某人振奋起来 cut down 砍伐 consider... as... 把……当作…… carry out 执行 carry on = continue继续 deal with 处理，应付 depend on / upon 依靠 devote...to sth./ doing sth. 奉献……去做某事 die of... 死于……（多指内因） die from... 死于……（多指外因） divide...into... 把……分成…… do / try one’s best to sth. 尽力，努力 do well in... = be good at... 在……做得好 dress up 打扮 dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 eat up 吃光 feel like 想要，感觉像 fall off... 从……摔倒 fall into 掉进 fall in love with... 爱上…… fall over 绊倒 fill ... with... 用……填满…… be filled with...= be full of ……充满…… fill in... 填写…… find out 查找，弄清楚 get to 到达 get up 起床 get on 上车 get off 下车 get on / along well with sb. 和某人相处好 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 give up 放弃 give out= hand out分发 give sb. a helping hand 给某人帮助 go over = review复习 go on doing= continue doing sth. 继续做 grow up 长大 hand in 上交 have fun doing sth.= have a good time doing sth.= enjoy oneself doing sth.做某事很开心 hear from...= receive / get a letter from sth.收到……来信 help each other 互相帮助 help yourself / yourselves to... 自便吃…… hurry up =come on快点 keep away from... 远离…… keep off 不接近，避开 keep / stop / prevent...from doing sth.阻止……做某事 help sb. with... 在……方面帮助 knock into 撞上 knock on / at... 敲…… laugh at... 嘲笑…… leave for+地点 前往某地 leave a message for sb. 为某人留下信息 look forward to sth./doing sth. 期待，期盼…… look up 查找，查字典 look after... = take care of照顾，照看…… look for... 寻找…… look at... 看…… look like... 看起来像…… look through... 浏览…… look the same 看起来一样 look out 当心 make a difference to... = have an influence on...对……有影响；起作用 make up 编造 make up one’s mind to do sth.= decide to do sth.= make a decision to do sth.= make decisions to do sth.下决心做某事 make sb. do使某人做…… make sb./sth. adj. 使……保持状态 make fun of...取笑…… manage to do sth.设法做某事 pick up 捡起 pay for...付钱 pay attention to...注意，关注…… prepare for...为……做准备 protect...from...保护……免遭…… provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.=offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.向某人提供…… put out 熄灭 put on 穿上 put off 推迟 put away整理，收拾 put up 张贴，举起，悬挂，搭建 put through接通（电话） remind ...of... 使某人想起…… replay to ...= answer...答复，回答…… run out用完 sell out 卖完 set up= build建立，搭建 show off 炫耀 show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.给某人展示…… stay up 熬夜 stay out待在外面 speak highly of... 高度赞扬…… spend time/money doing 花费……做…… spend time/money on sth. 花费……在…… succeed in doing sth.= do sth. successfully成功地做某事 take off 起飞，脱下 take away拿走，带走 take up 占据（空间），占用（时间） take place发生 take down记下 take it easy不紧张 take notes记笔记 take notice of sth.注意到某事 take pride in... = be proud of ...对……感到骄傲 take part in参加 take one’s temperature 测量温度 throw away 扔掉 throw about 到处乱扔 turn on 打开 turn off 关上 turn up调高 turn down调低 turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 turn...into... 把……变成…… try out for... 参加……选拔 try on试穿 think over= consider考虑，思虑 think of 想起 used to do 过去常常…… wake up 醒来 work out = solve算出，解决 【例题精讲】 单项选择。 1. ---What did you yesterday afternoon --- My family went camping. We __________ a tent near the lake. It was great fun. A. put on B. put up C. put away D. put out 2. Jim has got a blood cancer. Let’s ________ some money for him. A. rise B. donate C. pay D. raise 3. ---What’s the matter with you, Tony You look pale. --- I _________ to watch the football match last night. A. put up B. turned up C. picked up D. stayed up 4. A big cyclone(飓风) ______ Australian east coast at the end of March this year. Unluckily, eight people died and thousands of people lost their homes. A. hit B. hid C. hung D. held 5. ---Peter, keep an eye on your younger brother. It is easy to ______ when babies learn to walk. ---OK, mum. I will take good care of him. A. fall over B. fall behind C. get away D. move away 6.---Excuse me, can you explain the reason to me again ---Sorry, I know what I want to say but I have difficulty ______ myself clearly. A. express B. to express C. expressing D. to be expressed 7. ---Hello! I’d like to speak to the Customer Service Department. ---Please hold and I’ll your call to it. A. look through B. put through C. run through D. go through 8. Believe in yourself. If you always yourself with others, you may get much stress. A. compare B. connect C. consider D. contact 9. ---Nature is our greatest treasure. ---Yes. If humans don’t take action, natural resources will ______ one day. A. turn out B. put out C. carry out D. run out 10. ---Andy, would you please ________ the report for me and see if there is any mistake ---Of course I will. A. look around B. look through C. look up D. look after 【巩固练习】 单项选择。 1. ---The three cities have an agreement on Ningzhenyang Integration. ---What exciting news! A. arrived B. reached C. realized D. invented 2. ---Jerry, don’t too late, or you’ll feel sleepy in class tomorrow. ---OK, Mum. A. get up B. pick up C. stay up D. wake up 3. The earth ______ us with so many resources that we can live a colourful life. A. prevents B. prepares C. provides D. produces 4. --- Have you heard that there’s a big fire near your home last night ---Sure. Luckily, the firemen came quickly and ______ the fire. A. came out B. broke out C. put out D. cut out 5.Audrey Hepburn ________ to be a great success later although she was considered to be nobody when she first met Colette. A. gave out B. put out C. turned out D. sent out 6.---Mike, your bedroom is in a mess. ---Sorry, mum. I’ll my things at once. A. put away B. put up C. put out D. put on 7.--- How was your trip to Purple Mountain ---Everything was wonderful except that our coach _____ once on the way. A.broke down B. calmed down C. slowed down D. put down 8.Some volunteers are cleaning up lots of rubbish in the community because it too much space. A. puts up B. takes up C. picks up D. turns up 9.---The blouse is very nice. I’ll take it. ---But you’d better ________ first. I think it is a little large for you. A. pay for it B. try it on C. turn it down D. give it away 10.---What beautiful flowers! I can’t decide________ for my mom. ---For Mother’s Day, it can’t be better to buy some carnations. A. when to choose B. which to choose C. how to choose D. to choose what 【课堂练习】 单项选择。 1.World Expo 2012 Shanghai China_________ people from all over the world to the theme “Better city, Better life”. A. attends B. attracts C. allows D. advises 2.---It’s said that aliens tried to warn the astronauts on the moon to _______. ---Maybe they didn’t like human beings to get close to them. stay up B. stay out C. stay away D. stay behind 3.---Many students don’t know how to _________ stress and become worried. ---I think they’d better ask their teachers for help. argue with B. deal with C.quarrel with D.come up with 4.---Would you like to food and clothes to the old at a home for the elderly with me ---Of course I would. It’s very meaningful. A. put out B. sell out C. find out D. give out 5.We all know that learning a foreign language _______ time and effort. A. requires B. reduces C. removes D. repeats 6. ---I saw Mr. Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning. ---That’s impossible. He __________ an English party with us then. A. has B. had C. was having D. has had 7.---Millie, where is Miss Li ---She _________ a speech on Chinese art to the first-year students in the hall. A. gives B. gave C. is giving D. has given 8. As a new kind of transport service, public bicycles ______ in more Chinese cities in the following years. A. use B. are used C. will use D. will be used 9. Mr. Wu ______ someone, so I just smiled at him and went away peacefully. A. called B. is calling C. was calling D. has called 10. ---Uncle Sam, I have to leave right now. ---What a pity! I you could stay a little longer with us. A. thought B. think C. am thinking D. have thought 11.WeChat has become a hot free software. You can often see people ________ with their friends over WeChat everywhere. A. to talk B. talked C. talk D. talking 12.--- It’s said that the project we are looking forward to ______ out in our school this weekend. ---Great! I can’t wait to take part in it! A. will be carried B. will carry C. being carried D. carrying 13.---I think it is important for children to help their parents housework. ---Exactly. It is not enough to just get good grades at school. in B. out C. for D. with 14.______ viruses from spreading, we should wash our hands more often. A. Stop B. Stopped C. Stopping D. To stop 15.Andy made a big bamboo box the little sick bird until it could fly again. A. keep B. kept C. keeps D. to keep 16.---What’s the most important morning news on CCTV today ---The Chinese government warned Japan do harm to China’s territorial sovereignty (领土主权)once more. A. to not B. not to C. didn’t D. do not 【课堂回顾】 【课后作业】 课后巩固 单项选择。 1. Shanghai Disneyland has attracted millions of people since it ______ in 2016. A. is opened B. was opening C. opened D. has opened 2. ---What is the most popular TV programme this year, Li Hua ---I think Readers that ______ by CCTV. A. is held B. are held C. is holding D. are holding 3. Mary worked very hard because she doesn’t want to ______ in her lessons. A. fall down B. fall back C. fall over D. fall behind 4. ---I called you but you didn’t answer me. ---Oh, sorry. I, together with friends, the 3-D film Beauty and the Beast at the cinema. A. has watched B. have watched C. was watching D. were watching 5. Many fans expected the 22-year-old singer Dimash, who has an amazing voice, __________ the champion in the TV program Singer 2017. A. be B. to be C. has been D. will be 6. ---- Did you mail the cards to your teachers
---- No, I want to check them again. I __________ them after dinner. A. mailed B. mail C. have mailed D. will mail 7. ---Have you watched the new movie Hacksaw Ridge, Steven ---Not yet. I _________ it with my cousin this evening. A. will watch B. was watching C. watched D. have watched 8. ---Listen! It’s the popular song, The Little Apple, again. ---Yes. It _________every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs. A. is played B. plays C. was played D. played 9. ---Excuse me, where is the nearest shopping mall ---Go along the road, and you it soon. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see 10. ---A speech on Indian culture in our school hall yesterday afternoon. ---What a pity! I missed it. A. gives B. gave C. was given D. will be given 11. ---I’m still wondering which school our son should choose. ---______ him alone, he can make up his own mind. A. Leave B. Keep C. Let D. Allow 12. The amazing documentary Aerial China(航拍中国) __________ the viewers with the breathtaking beauty of the country’s natural landscapes. A. proves B. prevents C. provides D. praises 13.China announced that it would __________ the Xiong’an New Area in North China, to push for the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. A. tidy up B. set up C. put up D. take up 14. I ________ the phone number many times, but the foreigner couldn’t write it down. A. repeated B. refused C. researched D. received 15. Although you may meet some difficulties in learning English, you should never__________. A. put up B. get up C. give up D. grow up 预习思考 下节课我们将复习简单句。请提前预习简单句的用法哦！