2024届高考英语语法填空-词性变化（三）课件(共27张PPT)

(共27张PPT)
高考英语语法填空
词性变化（三）
知识梳理
01
1. eager [ i ɡ (r)] adj. 渴望的 be eager for sth be eager to do
2. earn [ n] v. 挣；赢得； earn a living /earn one’s living
she earns the respect of her students.
3.easy [ i z ] adj. Easier said than done 说时容易做时难
Take it easy 别急，放松
4. ◎educate [ edj ke t] v. 教育， 培养
educated a. 受过教育的 an educated person
education [edj ke ( )n] n. 教育
receive a good education
5. effect [ fekt] n. 影响，效果
cause and effect 因果 bring sth into effect 使生效
come into effect 生效 take effect 开始起作用，见效
have a … effect on sb/sth 对某人、某物有….影响
The medicine soon took effect.
New controls come into effect next month.
6.effort [ ef t] n. 努力
make an effort /make every effort/ make efforts做出努力
spare no effort(s) 不遗余力
7. elder[ eld (r)] n 长者；长辈；adj 年纪较长的（只做定语）elder sister 大姐
Children have no respect for their elders nowadays.
8. ●elect[ lekt] （投票）选举
v. elect sb.(as)… an elected leader/representative
n. election win/lose a election run for election 参加竞选
9. ◎ 1）electrical[ lektr k( )l] a. 电的，电器的 lectrical equipment/engineer
2）electric [ lektr k]用电的，电动的 electric current 电流electric shock 电击electric blanket
3) electronic [ lek tr n k] 电子的 electronic calendar
10. else[els] adj 别的/其他的（做后置定语）or else 否则
You can use somebody else’s car.
Who else can do it
11. ◎embarrass[ m b r s]v. 使尴尬embarrassed -embarrassing –embarrassment
embarrass sb. feel embarrassed about
12. ◎emergency[ m d ns ]n. 紧急情况 in case of (an) emergency
13. ◎encouragement [ n k r d m nt]n. 鼓励-encourage-encouraged-encouraging
encourage[ n k r d ] sb to do sth
14. end[end] n.末尾;终点;结束 v.结束;终止
bring sth to an end end up in failure
put an end to sth end up doing
come to an end end up with
15. ◎ energetic[en d et k] a. 精力旺盛的，精力充沛的 energetically adv.
energy n. 精力 be full of energy
16. enough [ n f] n 足够 adj足够的/充分的 ad足够地/充分地
I can’t thank you enough.=I can’t thank you too much.
old enough to go to school
There are enough chairs for the guests.
17. enter [ ent (r)] vt进入 ,参加 entrance 入口，入学
enter a room enter for …报名参加…
enter the competition the entrance to the hall
the college entrance exanimation 大学入学考试
18. ◎ enthusiastic[ nθju z st k] a. 热情的，热心的 enthusiastically adv.
be enthusiastic about
19. ●entry [ entr ]进入 Countries seeking entry into the European Union.
20. ◎environmentn. 环境 protect the environment environmentally friendly
21. envy[ env ] vt/ n嫉妒/羡慕 envy sb sth the envy of sb
22. equal[ i kw( )l] adj平等的，相同的 vt等于 be equal to sth/doing equal the world record
23. ●equip[ kw p] vt.提供设备；装备；配备 ________,_________
equip …with be fully equipped
The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.
equipment(不可数)装备/设备 a piece of equipment
24.escape[ ske p] v / n 逃跑，逃脱escape +n/doing逃避… escape from …逃离（地点）
a narrow escape
26. every[ evr ] other day= every second day= every two days 每隔一天、每两天
every few days 每几天
27.exact[ ɡ z kt]adj 精确的 to be exact 确切的说
exactlyadv精确地 This is exactly what he needs.
28.examine[ ɡ z m n]vt检查/诊察have one’s eyes examined
29.example [ ɡ z mpln 榜样 set an example to/for sb
take sth for example follow sb’s example
30. except [ k sept] prep除…之外
His composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.
I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed the money.
31. ◎ exchange [ ks t e nd ]交换，调换，交流
n.1）fair exchange 公平的交换
2) in exchange 作为交换 He gave me a book and I gave him a pen in exchange
3) in exchange for sth 和…交换 I took his watch in exchange in exchange for camera
v. exchange A for B =exchange B with A
exchange greetings
32. excite[ k sa t] vt 使兴奋/使激动
If the loud noise excites the lion, he may attack you.
We are excited to hear the exciting news.
in an excited voice
33.exist [ g'z st]vi 存在 There exists no life on the moon.(有…)
◎existence n. 存在 come into existence 开始存在，成立 be in existence 存在
35. ●expect [ k spekt] 预料；盼望；认为,预料，预期，预计
You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.
expect sth of/from sb. expect too much of sb
I except so/ I don’t except so
----Will you be late ----I expect so. ( I guess / think so)
As expected, they finished the work ahead of time.
◎expectation [ekspek te ( )n]n. 预料，期望
beyond (all) expectation(s) 出乎意料 contrary to (all) expectations 和预料相反
come up tpo one’s expectations 达到期望水平 fall short of one’s expectations 没达到期望
in expectation of 准备（有某种情况） He closed the windows in ~ of rain.
36.experience [ k sp r ns] n 经历(cn) 经验(un) v 经历,体验 experience a different culture
37. experiment[ k sper m nt] n 实验
make/ do/perform/carry out an experiment
38.◎expert [ eksp t] n. 专家 He is an ~ cook.
有经验的 be ~ at He is ~ at playing the piano.
39. explain [ ks ple n]v 解释 explain sth to sb
explanation[ekspl ne ( )n] n 解释
◎exploit vt. 利用, 剥削 In the past, farmers were ~ by landlords.
开采，开发 We must ~ the country s mineral resources
exploitation n.
41. ●explore[ k spl (r)] vt./vi 勘探 explore sth for sth
exploration n. oil exploration
43. ●expose[eksp ze ] 揭露 陈述，揭露（尤指对令人震惊的或故意保密的事实）
My job as a journalist is to expose the truth.
露出He smiled ,exposing a set of amazingly white teeth.
Don’t expose a baby to strong sunlight.
44. express[ k spres] v, 表达; adj, 快的 expression [ k spre ( )n]n表达/词句/表情/神色
45.eye [a ]n 眼睛/眼力
have an eye for sth 对…有鉴赏力 keep an eye on sb/sth 照看/留意
catch one’s eye 吸引注意力
46. face[fe s] n脸， 表情 v面对，面向，正视
face sth 面朝，面对 be faced with …面对，遇到
47. ●fade[fe d] vt./vi 褪色，（颜色）消退
The sun had faded the curtains.
far[fɑ (r)] adj /adv远的，远地 farther, further ( further表抽象含义further study)
far from:离…远； 远远不… His work is far from satisfactory.
As/so far as I can see= In my opinion=Personally依我看….
fault[f lt] n 缺点，毛病
Why should I say sorry when it’s not my fault
find fault with sb
fire[ fa (r)] n 火 v射击，开火，解雇,点燃
be on fire for /fire sb
fit [f t] n合适的衣服adj合适的，胜任的v适合
a good fit/be fit for/be fit to do/keep fit/fit sb well/
think(see) fit to do 认为合适
fix[f ks]v.修理，安装，确定，决定
Has the date of the meeting been fixed
模拟练习
02
Should naps（小睡） actually ___41___ (take) during the day Well, we certainly know from ____42____ (evident) in the sleep center and that of many other scientists that naps can give you benefits for both your brain ____43____ your body. But naps can actually be _____44_____ double-edged sword because while we’re awake during the day, we’re building up sleepiness or sleep pressure. So when you try to fall asleep at night, you’ll fall asleep quickly and then you’ll stay asleep. And when we sleep, we actually release that sleepiness so that we wake up the next morning feeling ____45____ (refresh).
So if you take a nap during the day, especially if you take it too late in the afternoon, you will actually release some of that sleepiness and it will make it much ____46____ (hard) to fall asleep and stay asleep soundly throughout the night. So the advice would be if you don’t struggle with your sleep and you can nap ___47___ (regular), then naps are just fine.
But if you do find it difficult ____48____ (fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening.
The ideal nap depends on _____49_____ you want from that nap. Different stages of sleep actually give you different types of brain and body ___50___ (benefit).
【答案】41. be taken 42. evidence 43. and 44. a 45. refreshed 46. harder 47. regularly
48. to fall 49. what 50. benefits
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。我们从睡眠中心和其他许多科学家的证据中肯定知道午睡对你的大脑和身体都有好处。午睡既有其好处也有其不足，人们应该根据自己的情况选择是否午睡，不同的睡眠阶段实际上给了你不同类型的大脑和身体的好处。
41.考查被动。根据句意：白天真的应该午睡吗？分析句子可知本句的主语是naps ，所以谓语用被动语态，故填be taken。
42.考查名词。介词from后边跟名词做宾语，evidence是名词"证据"。故答案为evidence。
43.考查固定短语。both…and是固定结构"两者都"。故填and。
44.考查冠词。根据句意：午睡实际上是一把双刃剑．可知这里是泛指，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
45.考查形容词。feel是系动词， refreshed是过去分词做表语"感觉清爽的"。故填refreshed。
46.考查比较级。根据句意：这会使人很难入睡，整晚都睡得很香．此处是形容词做宾补，much修饰比较级。故填harder。
47.考查副词．此处是用副词修饰动词，regularly是副词"有规则地"。故填regularly。
48.考查不定式。分析句子可知it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。故填to fall。
49.考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中缺少want的宾语，所以用what引导。故填what。
50.考查名词。根据句意：给了你不同类型的大脑和身体的好处．benefit是名词"好处"本句应该用复数形式。故填benefits。
Most people at present are so busy with their lives that they do not have time ____41____(enjoy) a healthy and balanced diet. For most individuals, as ____42____ result of eating foods rich in fat and sugar for several years, they choose to go on a diet but fail at the end. Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are ____43____ you eat! Therefore, maintaining a healthy diet ____44____ (provide) your body with not only energy but also numerous health benefits. The first one is that you will meet your everyday nutritional ____45____ (require). As we all know, we have to take in various nutrition every day to keep fit. ____46____ (basic) speaking, you should make sure that you take a good amount of vegetables, grains, milk and proteins. Another benefit is that it is the easiest and most ____47____ (benefit) way in which you can be energetic and protect yourself ____48____ a number of diseases when growing old. In most cases, a healthy diet can help you decrease the risk of ____49____ (get) some diseases like diabetes and cancer. And for those who want to lose weight, there ____50____ (come) good news! Keep a healthy diet and you will finally keep a healthy weight!
【答案】41. to enjoy 42. a 43. what 44. provides 45. requirement(s) 46. Basically
47. beneficial 48. from/against 49. getting es
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了均衡的饮食对我们的健康有很多益处。
41.考查固定短语。句意：目前大多数人忙于他们的生活，他们没有时间享受一个健康和平衡的饮食。固定短语have time to do sth.“有时间做某事”。故填to enjoy。
42.考查固定短语。句意：对于大多数人来说，由于多年来吃了富含脂肪和糖的食物，他们选择节食，但最终却失败了。固定短语as a result of“作为……的结果”，故填a。
43.考查连词。句意：一定要有一个强烈的意识，你吃什么就是什么!本句为表语从句，引导词在从句中作eat的宾语，表示“你吃的东西”，故填what。
44.考查主谓一致。句意：因此，保持健康的饮食不仅为你的身体提供能量，而且对健康有很多好处。maintaining a healthy为主语，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填provides。
45.考查名词。句意：第一个是你将满足你每天的营养需求。nutritional为形容词修饰名词，且前面没有冠词，故填requirement或requirements。
46.考查副词。句意：基本上来说，你应该确保摄入大量的蔬菜、谷物、牛奶和蛋白质。固定短语basically speaking“基本上来说”，故填Basically。
47.考查形容词。句意：另一个好处是，这是最简单和最有益的方式，可以让你精力充沛，保护自己在年老时远离一些疾病。修饰名词way，用形容词，故填beneficial。
48.考查固定短语。句意：保护你自己不受多种疾病的侵害。固定短语protect…from/against “不受……之害”，是固定短语，故填from/against。
49.考查非谓语动词。句意：在大多数情况下，健康的饮食可以帮助你降低患糖尿病和癌症等疾病的风险。介词of之后，用动名词做宾语，故填getting。
50.考查主谓一致。句意：对于那些想减肥的人来说，好消息来了!本句主语为news，且为一般现在时，故谓语动词应用三人称单数形式，故填comes。
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