2024届高考英语语法填空词性梳理课件(共25张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语语法填空词性梳理课件(共25张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-29 16:31:24 | ||
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(共25张PPT)
高考英语语法填空
词性梳理
知识梳理
01
◎arrest vt. 逮捕，拘捕 He got arrested for careless driving.
n. put / place sb under arrest 逮捕某人
arrive v arrival n. 到来；达到 arrive at
Guests receive dinner on/upon their arrival
article n. 文章；东西；物品；冠词
an article of clothing 一件衣服
ashamed adj 惭愧，害臊
asleep adj 睡着的，熟睡 (表语形容词)
fall asleep 入睡 He seems to be fast asleep.
●assist v. 帮助，协助
assist sb. in dong /with sth.
we’ll assist you in finding a place to live.
She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.
assistance n. technical/ military assistance 技术/军事援助
assume v. 假定，假设
It is assumed that…普遍认为
I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。
He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。
assuming （that）… 假设，假如
assumption n.
a) be ashamed of 以为是耻辱 b) be ashamed of oneself for 为…而害羞
c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧
※ ashamed & shameful
ashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；
shameful指事物或本身可耻不道德。 He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.
astonish v 使惊讶 astonished /astonishing
be/look astonished at 对…感到大吃一惊
an astonished look
attempt v. 试图，尝试
attempt to do He was charged with attempting to kill his wife.
attempt sth The plane crashed while attempting an emergency landing.
n. make an attempt to do /at doing 试图做某事
attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加
attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concert
attend to sth处理，注意 I have a few other things to attend to.
attend to sb 看护 attend to a baby
attention n. 注意，关心
pay ( much/no/little) attention to draw one’s attention to
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on； attract one’s attention
attract v. 吸引，引起 Like attracts like 物以类聚
available
average adj 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数
on (the)average 按平均
I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。
avoid doing
awake v. 唤醒；(awoke/ awoken)
Is he awake or asleep
awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到
It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation.
adj 醒着的be wide awake
aware be aware of
away adv离开；远离
keep away from 保持距离； far away 在远处
right away 立刻，马上； give away 泄露，赠送
back [b k] adv.回（原处）;向后adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；
back and forth 来回，往返； back to back 背靠背
behind one’s back 背后； look back 回顾
put back 放回去； turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬
◎backward[ b kw d] adv.
backward and forward 来来回回
bend /lean over backward to do 竭尽全力去做…
◎balance [ b l ns]
1) n. ① 平衡 keep a balance (between A and B) lose one’s balance
disturb the balance of one’s mind
② 余额(常用单数） check your bank balance
③ 欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.
短语 be/ hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的， 悬而未决的
catch / throw sb. off balance 使…失去平衡； 使…不知所措
on balance 总的来说
2）v．①保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth
balance on one leg
He balanced the cup on her knee.
②同等重视balance A with/ and B balance home life with career
③比较权衡balance A against B balance the cost against its benefit
balanced adj. be on a balanced diet
ban [b n] n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔
a ban on smoking 禁烟令
place… under ban 对…加以禁止
ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做
◎bar [bɑ (r)1) n. 条，块 a bar of chocolate / soap
障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion.
2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and windows were barred.
阻止bar sb. from ... bar players from drinking
base[be s] n. 根据地，基地 v.以...为基地, 把基地设在
1) base sth on/upon sth 以…为基础
His book is based on a true story.
2)be based in以...为基地,把基地设在
The toy company is based in Guangzhou.
basic[ be s k] adj 基本的basic knowledge/skills
basically adv.
◎basis [ be s s] (复数 bases )
1）基础，要素 form the basis of…
2) 基准，原则 on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式
3) 原因，缘由 on the basis of…
Some videos were banned on the basis of violence.
bath [bɑ θ; (US) b θ] n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆; have/take a bath
bathe [be ] v. 洗澡,游泳 be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线）
bathroom n.浴室
bear[be (r)] (bore, born/borne) v.
1）承受(重量) The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
2) 负担,承担 bear the cost/ burden/responsibility
3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用）
bear to do/doing
4) bear…in mind 记住
beat [bi t] v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击
My heart is beating faster than usual.
Waves are beating the shore.
击败: He beat me in the game.
※ beat & hit &strike & knock
before[b f (r)]
It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才…
It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就…
beg 乞求，请求 beg—begged—begged—begging
beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事
I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅（降调） 请再讲一遍（降调）
begin[b ɡ n]—began—begun—beginning
begin with=start with 以…开始
to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一
I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small.
beginning[b ɡ n ] n.开始，开端
at the beginning of…
in the beginning= at first
◎behave[b he v] v. 表现
He behaved as if nothing had happened.
behave badly/well/like a true gentleman
behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌
well / badly behaved children
◎ behavior b `he vj r / n. 不可数
good/ bad behavior
be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体
belief [b li f] n. （不可数）
1）相信，信心 belief in I admire his belief in what he is doing.
2) 看法，信念 （不可数）
He acted in the belief that he was doing good.
There is a general belief that things will soon get better.
3) 信仰 （可数beliefs） religious/ political beliefs
短语beyond belief 难以置信 to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知
模拟练习
02
Many people believe that their sight is the most important sense they have. Yet they don't care for their eyes ___61___much as they should.
The aim of this article is to improve those percentages so that fewer people develop preventable eye diseases. In other ___62___ (word) , my goal is to keep you from being blind or have a vision impairment so that you can have many more years to use your most ___63___(value) sense.
Yes, you can reduce your risk of developing eye diseases ___64___ following the steps below.
Focus on what's important. ___65___we feed our bodies feeds our eyes. Many of the vitamins and minerals in our bodies ___66___ (find) in much higher concentrations in our eyes, so a diet lacking in these vitamins for eyes and minerals can lead to vision problems as we grow___67___ (old).
Eat the foods and take the vision supplements that provide the___68___ (require) eye health antioxidants, vitamins and minerals. Avoid bad habits (such as smoking or using the screen too long) , and develop good habits such as juicing, and ___69___ (wear) sunglasses when outside.
You'll protect your vision, ensuring years of good eye health, and increasing the things so that you'll avoid blindness or ___70___ (lose) of vision for the rest of your life.
【答案】61. as 62. words 63. valuable 64. by 65. What 66. are found 67. older 68. required 69. wearing 70. loss
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些降低患眼病风险的步骤。
61.考查固定短语。句意：然而他们并不像他们应该的那样关心他们的眼睛。固定短语as much as“差不多；几乎”，故填as。
62.考查固定短语。句意：换句话说，我的目标是防止你失明或有视力障碍，这样你就可以有更多的时间来使用你最有价值的感官。固定短语in other words“换句话说”，故填words。
63.考查形容词。句意同上。sense为名词需要形容词修饰，故填valuable。
64.考查介词。句意：是的，你可以通过以下步骤来降低患眼病的风险。结合句意可知表示“通过；借助”应用介词by。故填by。
65.考查连词。句意：我们喂给身体的东西喂给眼睛。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代“东西”，故填What。
66.考查动词时态语态。句意；我们体内的许多维生素和矿物质在眼睛里的含量要高得多，所以缺乏这些维生素和矿物质的饮食会导致我们随着年龄的增长而出现视力问题。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Many of the vitamins and minerals，故填are found。
67.考查形容词比较级。句意同上。结合语境“随着年龄的增长”，应用形容词比较级，故填older。
68.考查形容词。句意：吃这些食物，服用能提供眼睛健康所需的抗氧化剂、维生素和矿物质的视力补充剂。修饰名词短语eye health antioxidants应用形容词，故填required。
69.考查非谓语动词。句意：避免不良习惯(如吸烟或长时间使用屏幕)，养成良好习惯，如榨汁，外出时戴太阳镜。结合上文such as juicing, and可知为并列非谓语结构，故填wearing。
70.考查名词。句意：你将保护你的视力，确保多年的良好的眼睛健康，并增加的东西，使你避免失明或失去视力的余生。结合上文blindness or可知为名词做并列宾语，故填loss。
thanks
高考英语语法填空
词性梳理
知识梳理
01
◎arrest vt. 逮捕，拘捕 He got arrested for careless driving.
n. put / place sb under arrest 逮捕某人
arrive v arrival n. 到来；达到 arrive at
Guests receive dinner on/upon their arrival
article n. 文章；东西；物品；冠词
an article of clothing 一件衣服
ashamed adj 惭愧，害臊
asleep adj 睡着的，熟睡 (表语形容词)
fall asleep 入睡 He seems to be fast asleep.
●assist v. 帮助，协助
assist sb. in dong /with sth.
we’ll assist you in finding a place to live.
She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.
assistance n. technical/ military assistance 技术/军事援助
assume v. 假定，假设
It is assumed that…普遍认为
I had assumed him to be a teacher. 我本以为他是老师。
He assumed an air of concern. 他装出关心的样子。
assuming （that）… 假设，假如
assumption n.
a) be ashamed of 以为是耻辱 b) be ashamed of oneself for 为…而害羞
c) feel ashamed for sb 替某人感到羞愧
※ ashamed & shameful
ashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；
shameful指事物或本身可耻不道德。 He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.
astonish v 使惊讶 astonished /astonishing
be/look astonished at 对…感到大吃一惊
an astonished look
attempt v. 试图，尝试
attempt to do He was charged with attempting to kill his wife.
attempt sth The plane crashed while attempting an emergency landing.
n. make an attempt to do /at doing 试图做某事
attend v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加
attend a meeting/ school/ church/ the concert
attend to sth处理，注意 I have a few other things to attend to.
attend to sb 看护 attend to a baby
attention n. 注意，关心
pay ( much/no/little) attention to draw one’s attention to
fix one’s attention/mind/eyes on； attract one’s attention
attract v. 吸引，引起 Like attracts like 物以类聚
available
average adj 平均的；普通的 n. 平均数
on (the)average 按平均
I was just an average sort of student. 我只是一个普通学生。
avoid doing
awake v. 唤醒；(awoke/ awoken)
Is he awake or asleep
awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到
It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation.
adj 醒着的be wide awake
aware be aware of
away adv离开；远离
keep away from 保持距离； far away 在远处
right away 立刻，马上； give away 泄露，赠送
back [b k] adv.回（原处）;向后adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；
back and forth 来回，往返； back to back 背靠背
behind one’s back 背后； look back 回顾
put back 放回去； turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬
◎backward[ b kw d] adv.
backward and forward 来来回回
bend /lean over backward to do 竭尽全力去做…
◎balance [ b l ns]
1) n. ① 平衡 keep a balance (between A and B) lose one’s balance
disturb the balance of one’s mind
② 余额(常用单数） check your bank balance
③ 欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days.
短语 be/ hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的， 悬而未决的
catch / throw sb. off balance 使…失去平衡； 使…不知所措
on balance 总的来说
2）v．①保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth
balance on one leg
He balanced the cup on her knee.
②同等重视balance A with/ and B balance home life with career
③比较权衡balance A against B balance the cost against its benefit
balanced adj. be on a balanced diet
ban [b n] n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔
a ban on smoking 禁烟令
place… under ban 对…加以禁止
ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做
◎bar [bɑ (r)1) n. 条，块 a bar of chocolate / soap
障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion.
2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and windows were barred.
阻止bar sb. from ... bar players from drinking
base[be s] n. 根据地，基地 v.以...为基地, 把基地设在
1) base sth on/upon sth 以…为基础
His book is based on a true story.
2)be based in以...为基地,把基地设在
The toy company is based in Guangzhou.
basic[ be s k] adj 基本的basic knowledge/skills
basically adv.
◎basis [ be s s] (复数 bases )
1）基础，要素 form the basis of…
2) 基准，原则 on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式
3) 原因，缘由 on the basis of…
Some videos were banned on the basis of violence.
bath [bɑ θ; (US) b θ] n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆; have/take a bath
bathe [be ] v. 洗澡,游泳 be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线）
bathroom n.浴室
bear[be (r)] (bore, born/borne) v.
1）承受(重量) The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
2) 负担,承担 bear the cost/ burden/responsibility
3）忍受;容忍 （常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用）
bear to do/doing
4) bear…in mind 记住
beat [bi t] v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击
My heart is beating faster than usual.
Waves are beating the shore.
击败: He beat me in the game.
※ beat & hit &strike & knock
before[b f (r)]
It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才…
It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就…
beg 乞求，请求 beg—begged—begged—begging
beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事
I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅（降调） 请再讲一遍（降调）
begin[b ɡ n]—began—begun—beginning
begin with=start with 以…开始
to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一
I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small.
beginning[b ɡ n ] n.开始，开端
at the beginning of…
in the beginning= at first
◎behave[b he v] v. 表现
He behaved as if nothing had happened.
behave badly/well/like a true gentleman
behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌
well / badly behaved children
◎ behavior b `he vj r / n. 不可数
good/ bad behavior
be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体
belief [b li f] n. （不可数）
1）相信，信心 belief in I admire his belief in what he is doing.
2) 看法，信念 （不可数）
He acted in the belief that he was doing good.
There is a general belief that things will soon get better.
3) 信仰 （可数beliefs） religious/ political beliefs
短语beyond belief 难以置信 to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知
模拟练习
02
Many people believe that their sight is the most important sense they have. Yet they don't care for their eyes ___61___much as they should.
The aim of this article is to improve those percentages so that fewer people develop preventable eye diseases. In other ___62___ (word) , my goal is to keep you from being blind or have a vision impairment so that you can have many more years to use your most ___63___(value) sense.
Yes, you can reduce your risk of developing eye diseases ___64___ following the steps below.
Focus on what's important. ___65___we feed our bodies feeds our eyes. Many of the vitamins and minerals in our bodies ___66___ (find) in much higher concentrations in our eyes, so a diet lacking in these vitamins for eyes and minerals can lead to vision problems as we grow___67___ (old).
Eat the foods and take the vision supplements that provide the___68___ (require) eye health antioxidants, vitamins and minerals. Avoid bad habits (such as smoking or using the screen too long) , and develop good habits such as juicing, and ___69___ (wear) sunglasses when outside.
You'll protect your vision, ensuring years of good eye health, and increasing the things so that you'll avoid blindness or ___70___ (lose) of vision for the rest of your life.
【答案】61. as 62. words 63. valuable 64. by 65. What 66. are found 67. older 68. required 69. wearing 70. loss
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些降低患眼病风险的步骤。
61.考查固定短语。句意：然而他们并不像他们应该的那样关心他们的眼睛。固定短语as much as“差不多；几乎”，故填as。
62.考查固定短语。句意：换句话说，我的目标是防止你失明或有视力障碍，这样你就可以有更多的时间来使用你最有价值的感官。固定短语in other words“换句话说”，故填words。
63.考查形容词。句意同上。sense为名词需要形容词修饰，故填valuable。
64.考查介词。句意：是的，你可以通过以下步骤来降低患眼病的风险。结合句意可知表示“通过；借助”应用介词by。故填by。
65.考查连词。句意：我们喂给身体的东西喂给眼睛。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代“东西”，故填What。
66.考查动词时态语态。句意；我们体内的许多维生素和矿物质在眼睛里的含量要高得多，所以缺乏这些维生素和矿物质的饮食会导致我们随着年龄的增长而出现视力问题。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为Many of the vitamins and minerals，故填are found。
67.考查形容词比较级。句意同上。结合语境“随着年龄的增长”，应用形容词比较级，故填older。
68.考查形容词。句意：吃这些食物，服用能提供眼睛健康所需的抗氧化剂、维生素和矿物质的视力补充剂。修饰名词短语eye health antioxidants应用形容词，故填required。
69.考查非谓语动词。句意：避免不良习惯(如吸烟或长时间使用屏幕)，养成良好习惯，如榨汁，外出时戴太阳镜。结合上文such as juicing, and可知为并列非谓语结构，故填wearing。
70.考查名词。句意：你将保护你的视力，确保多年的良好的眼睛健康，并增加的东西，使你避免失明或失去视力的余生。结合上文blindness or可知为名词做并列宾语，故填loss。
thanks