2024届高考英语完形填空高频难词汇总课件(共29张PPT)

(共29张PPT)
高考英语完形填空
高频词汇
知识梳理
01
couple [ k p( )l] n.两人、物；几个人、物；一对夫妻
a young / an elderly couple
I saw a couple of men get out .
We went there a couple of years ago.
courage [ k r d ] n. courageous adj
take courage (from sth) 因某事而鼓起勇气; lose courage
course[k s] n.课程；航线；进程；一道菜
take a course in art and design The plane was on/ off course.
an event that changed the course of history The main course was roast duck.
in course of sth 在…的过程中 in / over the course of 在…期间
◎credit [ kred t] n.
1) on credit 赊购，赊欠 2) three credits 三个学分
3)credit card 信用卡 4) to one’s credit 值得赞扬，使受尊重
( Much/ Greatly) to his credit, Jack refused to accept the gift.
cross [kr s] v.穿越，横过；交叉，交叠；adj生气的，愤怒的
cross the mountains翻过高山
She sat with her legs crossed.
I was cross with him for being late.
across prep. run across the road
cut v.
have one’s hair cut
His salary has been cut by ten percent . 他的薪金减少了10%。
cut through抄近路穿过；走近路
cut down砍倒；削减，缩小 We need to cut the article down to 1000 words.
cut in插嘴；打断 She kept cutting in on our conversation.
cut off停止，中断；割掉，砍掉； 切断…的去路，以外界隔绝
Our water supply has been cut off.
He had his finger cut off in an accident at work.
The army was cut off from its base.
cut up切碎 He cut up the meat on his plate.
cut sth out of sth 裁剪 She cut the dress out of some old materials.
daily [ de l ] n. adj. adv. a. 每日的；日常的
a daily visit be visited daily
The story was in all the dailies.
damage [ d m d ] v. . 毁坏，损害
The storm did / caused great damage to the country.
Smoking seriously damages your health.
danger [ de nd (r)] n. 危险
How many workers are in danger of losing their jobs
dare . [de (r)] v.& aux..敢，敢于
He didn’t dare (to) say what he thought.
How dare you 你竟敢 How dare you talk to me like that
I dare say 我想，很可能 I dare say you know about it already.
date . [de t] n. 日期；约会 n.枣
We need to fix a date for the next meeting .
dawn [d n] n. 黎明，拂晓n
They start work at dawn.
We arrived in Sydney as dawn broke.
He works from dawn till dusk.
deal [di l] n. 量，数额；交易 dealt dealt
deal with对付，应付；解决，处理；涉及，关于
She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.
Have you dealt with these letters yet
They spent a great deal of money.
It is a deal. 就这么办吧！
◎debt [det] n. 债务，欠款
pay off/clear/repay the debts be in debt 欠债
go/get/run/slip into debt 陷入债务之中
decision [d s ( )n] n. 决定；决心 n. make a decision
declare [d kle (r)] v.公布，宣布；声明，断言
The government has declared a state of emergency.
Germany declared war on France on 1 August 1914.
declare for 声明支持 declare against 声明反对
● decline [d kla n] v. 减少,下降,衰退
The number of tourists declined by 10%.
Her health was declining rapidly.
I offered to give them a lift but they declined with thanks.
◎decorate [ dek re t] v. 装饰修饰 decoration n. 装饰，装饰品，奖章
decorate A with B 装点，布置 decorate sb. for bravery 因为勇敢授予奖章
◎decrease [d kri s] v. (使) 减少，变小
decrease (sth.) to 1000 decrease (sth.) by 10%
deed [di d] n. 行为；事迹 do a good deed
defeat[d fi t] v. 击败；战胜
a narrow defeat 惜败 a heavy defeat 惨败 admit defeat
He defeated the champion.
defend[d fend] v.防守；保卫
We are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.
我们都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。
Troops have been sent to defend the borders. 已派出部队去守卫边疆。
He defended his wife against rumours and allegations.
针对谣言和指控他为妻子进行了辩护。
defence n. Soldiers who died in defence of their country
depend v[d pend] vi. 依靠，依赖，指望；取决于.
depend on He was the sort of person you could depend on .
Depend upon it we won’t give up. 请相信我们绝不会放弃。
It / That depends.
describe/d skra b] vt. 描写，叙述
description [d skr p ( )n] n. 描述，描写
Can you describe him to me
a brief / general description
◎disabled [d s e b( )ld]a. 残废的，残疾的
The disabled were sent to the hospital.
◎disadvantage [d s d vɑ nt d ] advantages and disadvantages
take advantage of
have an advantage over 优于…
◎disagree [d s ɡri ] vi. 意见不一致，持不同意见
disagree with what sb. said
disagree on/about sth 就某事达成一致意见
sth disagree with sb 食物天气等使某人身体不适
◎discount [ d ska nt] n. 折扣
discount price at a discount 以折扣价
● discourage[d sk r d ] 使气馁
discourage sb from doing sth
discouraged discouraging discouragement
discover[d sk v (r)] v. / discovery[d sk v r ] n. make a discovery
discuss [d s k s]v. discuss sth with sb
discussion [d s k ( )n] n. under discussion have/ hold a
dish [d ] n.盘子，餐具 I’ll do the dishes. 我来洗碗。
◎dislike[d s la k] v. 不喜欢，厌恶
1) dislike doing 2) dislike it + 从句
◎dismiss[d s m s] v.
1) 拒绝考虑dismiss sth as
He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.
他只是笑笑，就以不实际为由拒绝了我的建议。
2）解雇dismiss sb for sth dismiss sb. from the post
3) 打发走，解散
The teacher will dismiss the class early today because of the snow .
distance[ d st ns】 n. 距离 distant[ d st( )nt] adj. 远的
in the distance 在远处
at a distance of 数字 隔….距离
distinction [d st k ( )n]n. 区别，差别；卓越，优秀
1）make/draw a distinction 区别对待
2）the distinction between A and B
3) of great distinction 卓越的
4）have the distinction of doing sth 有荣誉殊荣做某事
distinguish[d st ɡw ] v．区别，辨别
distinguish between A and B =distinguishA from B
divide [d va d] v. 划分；分配；除 ；
divide sth up into 把…..分成…..份
divide sth up between / among sb 在….. 之间均分
The food was divided among all the people。
◎divorce [d v s] 离婚，离异
1) n. get a divorce divorce rate
2) v. get divorced
●donate 捐赠,捐献 donate sth to sb/sth
donation: organ donation make a donation to
doubt n./ v. 怀疑
I never doubted that she would come.
I doubted whether / if she would come.
without / beyond doubt 毫无疑问
downstairs [ da nste z] adv.到楼下，在楼下 go downstairs
downtown [ da nta n] adj. 市中心的； adv.往市中心区
a downtown office
go downtown
dozen ['d z( )n] n. 打
2 dozen eggs 2 dozen of these eggs dozens of eggs
sell eggs by the dozen.
drag [dr ɡ] -dragged-dragged 拖，拽
1) drag a leg 2) drag sb down 使某人感到不愉快
模拟练习
02
I have invented robots that crawl through pipes to inspect them for damage. Two of my___21___allow cars to be used as power plants on wheels. I___22___building things when I was a kid. It wasn’t until I learned about Thomas Edison, though, that I really became___23___about inventing.
When I was in fourth grade, our teacher gave us a___24___.We had to write to write to a company and learn about the___25___it made. Each student would then give a report in front of the class. Thomas A. Edison Company was the priority on my___26___
Soon after I wrote to the company, our mailman___27___a package to me. It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I___28___reading and rereading about his inventions! The ones that___29___me most were movie cameras, sound recorders and the electric light. Edison became my hero.
My dad noticed my___30___for inventing and inspired me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and___31___into new things.
Together, my dad and I___32___radios and televisions. Once, I surprised my dad with a tool to ___33___the brakes of our car. Later, we found a similar tool in a store. That when I learned that___34___inventors often invent similar things. It is not___35___for this to happen. I learned, too, that not all great ideas turn out practical.___36___is. a common part of the inventing process
As my father and I worked together, I began to___37___that my dad was quite an inventor himself. His guiding hands,___38___with my interest in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. But I am___39___to Thomas Edison, too, for first___40___that bulb inside me.
21. A. approaches. B. experiments C. inventions D. conclusions
22. A. ran across B. took up C. figured out D. turned around
23. A. skeptical B. confident C. hopeless D. excited
24. A. project B. lesson C. surprise D. present
25. A. decisions B. products C. orders D. reports
26. A. program B. letter C. show. D. list
27. A. opened B. offered C. delivered D. lent
28. A. enjoyed B. minded C. avoided D. hated
29. A. worried B. impressed C. reminded D. alarmed
30. A. value B. urge C. benefit D. passion
31. A. finally B. luckily C. typically D. regularly
32. A. received B. bought C. repaired D. deserted
33. A. adjust B. search C. swing D. shut
34. A. young B. different C. great D. unusual
35. A. reasonable B. improper C. practical D. unusual
36. A. Imagination B. Failure C. Happiness D. Wealth
37. A. hope B. suggest C. realize D. consider
38. A. satisfied B. compared C. related D. combined
39. A. grateful B. addicted C. appealing D. equal
40. A. permitting B. operating C. lighting D. creating
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者从小对发明产生兴趣，通过做学习课题任务，他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助下，他最终成了一名发明家。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的两项发明允许汽车被用作车轮上的发电厂。A. approaches方式；B. experiments实验；C. inventions发明；D. conclusions结论。根据第一句中的have invented robots及下文内容可以看出inventions在此处符合语境。故选C。
22.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我小时候就对修建事物很感兴趣。A. ran across偶然遇到；B. took up拿起；对……产生兴趣；C. figured out弄清楚；D. turned around转身。联系下文可以看出作者从小就喜欢发明。take up在这里是“对……产生兴趣”的意思。故选B。
23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到我了解了托马斯·爱迪生，我才真正对发明感到兴奋。A. skeptical怀疑的；B. confident自信的；C. hopeless绝望的；D. excited激动的；活跃的。根据下文Edison became my hero及文章结尾处作者将自己的进步归于爱迪生对他的启迪可知，他自了解爱迪生后就对发明感到兴奋了。故选D。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我四年级的时候，老师给我们布置了一个课题。A. project项目；课题；B. lesson课程；C. surprise惊喜；D. present礼物。根据下文学生需要给一家公司写信，等收到公司寄回的产品介绍后，每名学生要在全班同学面前做一个报告可知，这是学校里老师分配给学生做的课题，project符合语境。故选A。
25.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须写信给一家公司，了解它生产的产品。A. decisions决定；B. products产品；C. orders订单；D. reports根据下文作者收到的包裹中有movie cameras, sound recorders and the electric light可知此处指了解公司产品。故选B。
26.考查名词词义辨析。句意：托马斯爱迪生公司是我首选。A. program程序；B. letter信；C. show展示；D. list列表。由下文作者收到了爱迪生公司寄来的书可知这家公司在作者心中的榜单上是首选。故选D。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给公司写了信后不久，我们的邮递员就给我送来了一个包裹。A. opened打开；B. offered提供；C. delivered递送；D. lent借。由mailman可知delivered符合语境，这里是派送包裹的意思。故选C。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢反复阅读有关爱迪生发明的书籍! A. enjoyed享受；喜欢；B. minded介意；C. avoided避免；D. hated憎恨。作者非常崇拜爱迪生，因此喜欢反复阅读有关爱迪生发明的书。故选A。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：给我印象最深的是电影摄影机、录音机和电灯。A. worried担心；B. impressed印象深刻；打动；C. reminded提醒；D. alarmed报警。这些发明中，最打动作者让其印象深刻的就是电影摄影机、留声机和电灯。故选B。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲注意到了我对发明的热情，并启发了我。A. value价值；B. urge欲望；C. benefit利益；D. passion激情；热情。根据下文爸爸鼓励作者发明创造可知爸爸察觉到了作者对于发明的热情。故选D。
31.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他教我如何把想法变成计划，最后变成新事物。A. finally最终；B. luckily幸运地；C. typically典型的；D. regularly定期地。根据ideas，plans及new things这一变化过程可知finally符合语境。故选A。
32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和爸爸一起修理收音机和电视机。A. received收到；B. bought购买；C. repaired修理；D. deserted遗弃。根据下文作者发明出一种工具可判断作者一开始先和爸爸修理收音机和电视机。故选C。
33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我用工具调整汽车的刹车，让我爸爸大吃一惊。A. adjust调整；B. search搜索；C. swing摇摆；D. shut关闭。作者发明了一种工具，可对汽车的刹车进行调节。故选A。
34.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我知道不同的发明家经常发明相似的东西。A. young年轻的；B. different不同的；C. great伟大的；D. unusual不同寻常的。由上下文语境及similar提示可知，此处different符合语境。故选B。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种情况很常见。A. reasonable合理的；B. improper不合适的；C. practical实际的；D. unusual不同寻常的。作者在学习发明的过程中了解到，不同的发明家发明类似的东西，这种情况很常见。故选D。
36.考查名词词义辨析。句意：失败是发明过程中常见的一部分。A. Imagination想象力；B. Failure失败；C. Happiness幸福；D. Wealth财富。根据上一句I learned, too, that not all great ideas turn out practical.可知不是所有的好主意都能实现，因此Failure符合语境。故选B。
37.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我和父亲一起工作时，我开始意识到我父亲本身就是一个了不起的发明家。A. hope希望；B. suggest建议；C. realize意识到；D. consider考虑。作者在和爸爸合作的过程中意识到爸爸也是一位发明家。故选C。
38.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的指导，加上我对发明的兴趣，使我成为一名工程师和发明家。A. satisfied使满意；B. compared比较；C. related相关；D. combined结合。爸爸的指导，加上我对发明的兴趣，使我成为了一位工程师和发明家。故选D。
39.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我也要感谢托马斯·爱迪生，是他第一次点燃了我内心的灯泡。A. grateful感激的；B. addicted上瘾的；C. appealing吸引人的；D. equal平等的。作者内心很感激爱迪生对他的启发。grateful符合语境。故选A。
40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我也要感谢托马斯·爱迪生，是他第一次点燃了我内心发明的那盏灯。A. permitting允许；B. operating操作；C. lighting点亮；D. creating创造。是爱迪生第一个点燃了作者内心发明的那盏灯。lighting符合语境。故选C。
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