2024中考英语二轮复习课件：语法专题8-系动词和情态动词专题(共44张PPT)

(共44张PPT)
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
┃考点直击 ┃
【考纲解读】
考点 课标要求 命题预测
系动词 掌握系动词的基本用法。 考查seem, become, look, smell, taste等系动词的用法。
情态
动词 掌握情态动词的用法。 考查情态动词may，can, must, could，might，need等的基本用法。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(1)系动词不能单独使用，后面必须跟表语。
(2)情态动词须和动词原形连用构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。常见考点如下：
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
1　系动词的用法
系动词后常跟形容词作表语。
常考
系动词 词义 例句
become 成为，变得 He became interested in English.他对英语产生了兴趣。
get 变得 I got very angry.我很生气。
turn 变得 The trees turn green in spring.树在春天变绿。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
grow 渐渐变得，逐渐成为 It was growing dark.
天渐渐黑了。
keep 保持 Keep quiet, please. The baby is sleeping.请保持安静，孩子在睡觉。
seem 似乎，好像 It seems right.它好像是对的。
feel 感到，
摸起来 The coat feels very soft.
这件外套摸起来很柔软。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
look 看起来 Your mother looks young.你妈妈看上去很年轻。
smell 闻起来 The flowers smell nice.
这些花闻起来很香。
sound 听起来 The English song sounds wonderful.
这首英文歌听起来很棒。
taste 尝起来 The soup tastes delicious.汤尝起来很美味。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
【典例1】 —Oh, I'm hungry, Mom. Can I have the hamburger on the plate
—You'd better not. It tastes ________．
A．terrible B．terribly
C．good D．well
[解析] A　taste是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，排除B、D。根据否定词not，可排除C。故选A。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
【典例2】 —Where would you like to spend your holiday
—At home. I ________ good when I stay with my family.
A．smell B．feel
C．taste D．sound
[答案] B
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
2　情态动词的分类及用法
(1)表示“能，会”的情态动词：can, could, be able to can只能现在和过去两种时态；could表示过去的能力或表示语气很委婉。be able to与can 同义，但前者有不同的形式，可用于多种时态。
(2)表示“可能性”的情态动词：can, could，may, might, must
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
must表示可能性很大的推测；could, may, might表示不太肯定的推测，might的可能性小；can用来表示推测时，只能用于否定句和疑问句中，表示某事肯定不真实。 如：
He must be at home now.他现在必定在家。
She might be from Guilin, but I'm not sure.
她可能来自桂林，但我不确定。
He can't be in the office, for the light is out.
他不可能在办公室里，因为灯熄了。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(3)表示“意愿”的情态动词：shall, will, would shall, will, would作情态动词时，多用于疑问句中。shall常用于第一人称，表示提出或征求意见；will, would用于第二三人称，表示请求或建议，would比will语气更委婉。如：
Will you send this letter for me, please
请你替我把这封信寄出去好吗？
Would you like a cup of coffee
你想要一杯咖啡吗？
Where shall I meet you？我们将在哪里见面？
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(4)表示“责任，义务，需要”的情态动词：must, have to, should, need
①must, have to都有“必须”之意，must多强调主观原因，have to强调客观原因，表示“不得不”。 mustn't表示“禁止”，尤其要注意的是“Must I…？”的否定答语为“No, you needn't.”或“No, you don't have to.”。
②should表示义务、责任，意为“应该”。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
③need作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于否定句、疑问句中。需要注意的是，“Need I…？”的肯定回答为“Yes, you must.”。如：
—Mom, must I finish all the homework today？妈妈，今天我必须完成所有的作业吗？
—Yes, you must.是的，你必须(今天完成)。
—No, you needn't/don't have to.不，你不必(今天完成)。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
【典例3】 —Excuse me, where are we going to have our class meeting
—I'm not sure. Ask our monitor, please. He ________ know.
A．can B．may C．need D．shall
[答案] B
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
【典例4】 To everyone's surprise, Tom ________ play chess very well when he was only four.
A．might 　　B．should
C．would 　　D．could
[解析] D　句意：使大家吃惊的是，汤姆4岁的时候就会下国际象棋了。could为can的过去式，表示“能，会”。故选D。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
┃考点过关┃
(　　)1. 2014·安徽—I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours
—Yes, you ________ .
A．can B．must
C．could D．should
A
could引导一般疑问句，表示委婉的请求，而对其进行肯定回答时通常用can。故选A。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)2. 2014·安徽Mom, what are you cooking It ________ so sweet.
A．tastes B．feels
C．sounds D．smells
(　　)3. 2013·安徽You ______ drive your car so fast. It's very dangerous.
A．wouldn't B．shouldn't
C．couldn't D．mightn't
D
B
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)4.—Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday
—Oh, that ________ good.
A．feels B．looks
C．tastes D．sounds
D
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)5. 2014·合肥包河区三模—Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.
—It ________ be very expensive. I never even dream about it.
A．must B．might
C．can't D．shouldn't
A
根据答语中“I never even dream about it”可推断这个房子“必定”是昂贵的。故选A。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)6. 2014·合肥45中三模—May I go swimming alone this afternoon, Dad
—No, you ________. It is dangerous.
A．needn't B．couldn't
C．can't D．may not
C
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)7. 2014·合肥寿春中学模拟—Is the old man walking in the hallway our headmaster
—It ________ be him. He comes to school to see us every morning.
A．can't B．mustn't
C．needn't D．must
D
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)8. 2014·六安裕安区模拟You have already tried your best, so you ________ worry about it.
A．can't B．mustn't
C．needn't D．couldn't
C
根据“你已经尽力了”可知，后半句的句意应该是“你不需要为这件事担心”。needn't表示“不需要”。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)9. 2014·安庆第三次模拟—________ I smoke here
—I'm sorry. Look! The sign says people ________ smoke here.
A．Can; must B．Must; mustn't
C．May; can D．Can; mustn't
D
根据情境，第一空表示请求许可，可用may或can, 第二空表示绝对禁止，用mustn't。故选D。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)10. 2014·蚌埠五中模拟—Will you please stay for lunch
—Sorry, I ________. My mother wants me back home now.
A．shouldn't B．mustn't C．can't D．needn't
C
根据答语中“我妈妈想让我现在回去”可知，“我不能在这里吃午饭”。故选C。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)1. 2014·赤峰—Do you have any plans for this weekend
—I'm not sure. I ________ go climbing Mount Tai.
A．must B．need
C．may D．have to
语法专练
C
根据答语中“I'm not sure”可知，表示不太肯定的推测。故用may。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)2. 2014·安顺—Must I do my homework now
—No, you ________. You may have a rest.
A．mustn't B．needn't
C．can't D．wouldn't
B
对must引导的一般疑问句进行否定回答时用needn't。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)3.—________ I leave all the books here
—Sorry, you can't. You have to take them back home.
A．Need B．Must
C．May D．Should
C
表示请求别人允许自己做某事用may。故选C。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)4.—I can't give up smoking, doctor.
—For your health, I'm afraid you ________．
A．may B．can
C．could D．have to
D
根据对话的语境可知，戒烟为客观上必须要做的事，因此用have to。 故选D。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)5. 2014·荆州—Do you like swimming in winter
—Of course. The water ________ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy.
A．feels B．tastes
C．smells D．looks
A
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)6.—I hit a tree on the way to meet my friend at the railway station.
—I am sure that you ________ have been driving too fast.
A．need B．should C．will D．must
D
根据对话的语境可判断，此处用must表示肯定的推测，意为“我敢肯定你一定是开车速度太快了。”故选D。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)7.—Andy, will you answer the telephone It ________ be your father.
—Sorry, I ________. I'm having a shower.
A．can; mustn't B．will; can't
C．may; can't D．need; will
C
由句意可判断打电话的并不一定是Andy的父亲，所以只是一种猜测；排除B、D；又因为“我”正在洗澡，所以不能接电话，用can't。故选C。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)8.—What did the head teacher say at the meeting
—He said, “We ________ be proud of working hard. We mustn't be lazy.”
A．must B．needn't C．may D．can't
A
句意：我们一定要以努力学习为荣，一定不要懒惰。故选A。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)9.—Why is online shopping getting more and more popular
—Because it ________ save a lot of money and time if it is properly used.
A．need B．should
C．can D．has to
C
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)10.—I'm sorry I didn't win the race.
—It doesn't matter. You know, you ________ win every time.
A．can't B．must
C．should D．mustn't
A
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)11. 2014·抚州I love the song by the band Wild and Windy. It ________ nice.
A．smells B．tastes
C．feels D．sounds
D
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)12.—Could I borrow your mobile phone I want to call the police.
—Yes, of course you ________ .
A．must B．need C．can D．will
C
当could 表示委婉请求时，不是can的过去式，用can来进行肯定回答。故选C。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)13. 2014·宿迁—Your trainers________ colorful.
—Yes. And they are popular among young people.
A．feel B．smell
C．taste D．look
D
句意：“你的运动鞋看起来色彩艳丽。”“是的，它们很受年轻人的欢迎。”根据句意可知选D。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)14.—I want to buy some bread for supper now.
—Oh, you ________. There's still some in the fridge.
A．may not B．mustn't
C．can't D．needn't
D
根据答句中的“There's still some in the fridge.”可知，冰箱里还有面包，因此不需要买。故选D。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)15.—Mary, ________ you speak Chinese
—Yes, only a little.
A．must B．need
C．should D．can
D
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)16.—Will your sister go to see this film this evening
—I'm not sure. She ________ . She says there's an interesting TV play on TV tonight.
A．may not B．can't
C．mustn't D．needn't
A
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)17.Ads sometimes help people learn about
new products, but at other times ads ________ tell lies.
A．must B．can
C．need D．should
B
句意：广告有时能帮助人们了解新产品，但有时也可能会说假话。表示可能的推测用can。故选B。
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)18.—Will Emily give us a speech this even－ing
—No, it ________ be her. She ________ to Japan.
A．mustn't; has gone
B．mustn't; has been
C．can't; has gone
D．can't; has been
C
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)19. 2014·乐山改编—I can't stand the smell of the stinking tofu.
—Would you like to have a try It ________ quite delicious!
A．looks B．sounds
C．tastes D．smells
C
专题8 　系动词和情态动词
(　　)20. 2014·绍兴—Let's go climbing, shall we
—You ________ be joking! Don't you know I'm afraid of high places
A．may B．can
C．must D．should
C