(共30张PPT)
高考英语阅读理解
高频难词
题型分析
01
331. award vt. 授予,判给 n. 奖品,奖金
332. aware a. 意识到
333. column n. 柱,圆柱；栏,专栏
edy n. 喜剧
335. dumb a. 哑的；沉默的
336. dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒
337. deaf a. 聋的；不愿听的
338. decorate vt. 装饰,装璜
339. principal a. 最重要的 n. 负责人,校长
340. principle n. 原则,原理
341. prior a. 优先的,在前的
342. priority n. 优先,重点
343. prohibit vt. 禁止,不准
344. remarkable a. 值得注意的,异常的,非凡的
345. remedy n./vt. 补救,医治,治疗
346. repetition n. 重复,反复
347. vain a. 徒劳的,无效的
348. undertake vt. 承担,着手做；同意,答应
349. unique a. 唯一的,独特的
350. obstacle n. 障碍（物）,妨碍
351. odd a. 奇特的,古怪的；奇数的
352. omit vt. 省略
353. opponent n. 敌手,对手
354. opportunity n. 机会,时机
355. orchestra n. 管弦乐队
356. semester n. 学期；半年
357. semiconductor n. 半导体
358. seminar n. 研讨会
359. terminal a. 末端的,极限的 n. 终点
360. territory n. 领土
361. approximate a. 大概的,大约 v. 近似
362. arbitrary a. 随意的,未断的
363. architect n. 建筑师
364. architecture n. 建筑学
365. biology n. 生物学
366. geography n. 地理（学）
367. geology n. 地质学
368. geometry n. 几何（学）
369. arithmetic n. 算术
370. algebra n. 代数
371. entertainment n. 娱乐；招待,款待
372. enthusiasm n. 热情,热心
373. entry n. 进入,入口处；参赛的人（或物）
374. environment n. 环境
375. episode n. 插曲,片段
376. equation n. 方程（式）
377. restrain vt. 阻止,抑制
378. restraint n. 抑制,限制
379. resume v. （中断后）重新开始
380. severe a. 严重的
381. sexual a. 性的
382. simplicity n. 简单；朴素
383. simplify vt. 简化
384. sorrow n. 悲哀,悲痛
385. stuff n. 原料,材料 vt. 填进,塞满
386. temporary a. 暂时的,临时的
387. temptation n. 诱惑,引诱
388. terror n. 恐怖
389. thrust v. 挤,推,插
390. treaty n. 条约,协定
391. arise vi. 产生,出现,发生；起身
392. arouse vt. 引起,激起；唤醒
393. burden n. 重担,负荷
394. bureau n. 局,办事处
395. marvelous a. 奇迹般的,惊人的
396. massive a. 大的,大量的,大块的
397. mature a. 成熟的
398. maximum a. 最高的,最大的
399. minimum a. 最低的,最小的
400. nonsense n. 胡说,冒失的行动
401. nuclear a. 核子的,核能的
402. nucleus n. 核
403. retail n./v./ad. 零售
404. retain vt. 保留,保持
405. restrict vt. 限制,约束
406. sponsor n. 发起者,主办者 vt. 发起,主办,资助
407. spur n./vt. 刺激,激励
408. triumph n. 胜利,成功
409. tuition n. 学费
410. twist vt. 使缠绕；转动；扭歪
411. undergraduate n. 大学肄业生
412. universal a. 普遍的,通用的；宇宙的
413. universe n. 宇宙
414. via prep. 经由,经过,通过
415. vibrate v. 振动,摇摆
416. virus n. 病毒
417. voluntary a. 自愿的
418. volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿（做）
419. vote v. 选举 n. 选票
420. wagon n. 四轮马车,铁路货车
421. appoint vt. 任命,委派
422. approach v. 靠近,接近 n. 途径,方式
423. appropriate a. 适当的
424. bunch n. 群,伙；束,串
425. bundle n. 捆,包,束 vt. 收集,归拢
426. ceremony n. 典礼,仪式
427. chaos n. 混乱,紊乱
428. discount n. （价格）折扣
429. display n./vt. 陈列,展览
430. equivalent a. 相等的 a. 相等物
431. erect a. 竖直的 v. 建造,竖立
432. fax n./vt. 传真
433. fertile a. 肥沃的；多产的
434. fertilizer n. 肥料
435. grateful a. 感激的
436. gratitude n. 感激
437. horror n. 恐怖
438. horrible a. 可怕的
439. Internet n. 国际互联网,因特网
440. interpret v. 翻译,解释
441. interpretation n. 解释,说明
442. jungle n. 丛林,密林
443. knot n. 结 vt. 把...打成结
444. leak v. 漏,渗出
445. lean vi. 倾斜,倚,靠
446. leap vi. 跳跃
447. modify vt. 修改
448. nylon n. 尼龙
449. jungle n. 丛林,密林
450. powder n. 粉末
451. applicable a. 可应用的,适当的
452. applicant n. 申请人
453. breadth n. 宽度
454. conservation n. 保存,保护
455. conservative a. 保守的
456. parallel n. 平行线；可相比拟的事物
457. passion n. ,热情
458. passive a. 被动的,消极的
459. pat v./n. 轻拍,轻打
460. peak n. 山峰,顶点
461. phenomenon n. 现象
462. reluctant a. 不情愿的,勉强的
463. rely vi. (on ,upon)依赖,指望
464. relevant a. 有关的,切题的
465. reliable a. 可靠的
466. relief n. 轻松,宽慰；减轻
467. reputation n. 名气,声誉
468. rescue vt./n. 营救
469. triangle n. 三角（形）
470. sequence n. 连续；顺序
471. shallow a. 浅的
472. shiver vi/n. 发抖
473. shrug v./n. 耸肩
474. signature n. 签名
475. sincere a. 诚挚的,真诚的
476. utility n. 功用,效用
477. utilize vt. 利用
478. utter vt. 说出 a. 完全的,彻底的
479. variation n. 变化,变动
480. vehicle n. 交通工具,车辆
481. applause n. 鼓掌,掌声
482. appliance n. 器具,器械
483. consent n. 准许,同意 vi (to)准许,同意
484. conquer vt. 征服
485. defect n. 缺点,缺陷
486. delicate a. 易碎的；娇弱的；精美的
487. evolve v.演变
488. evolution n. 演变,进化
489. frown v./n. 皱眉
490. frustrate vt. 使沮丧
491. guarantee vt./n. 保证
492. guilty a. 内疚的；有罪的
493. jealous a. 妒忌的
494. jeans n. 牛仔裤
495. liquor n. 酒,烈性酒
496.liter/litre n. 升
497. modest a. 谦虚道
498. molecule n. 分子
499. orbit n. 轨道 v. （绕...）作轨道运行
500. participate v. (in)参与,参加
模拟练习
02
Dave Merry and his tools have been through a lot together. The tools helped Dave, now 80, repair his home in St. Paul, Minnesota, where he and his wife, Annette Merry, lived for 46 years and raised three children. The table saw, the jointer plane, the drill press, and the dozens of other power and hand tools had pride of place in his carefully organized workshop. “I had a whole setup, and it was beautiful,” says Dave, a retired engineer.
But then Annette experienced a stroke(中风) that left her relying on a walker to get around, and the Merrys decided to move into assisted living. Dave’s workshop was obviously a minor consideration given Annette’s condition, but the family knew that giving it up, on top of everything else, would hurt.
It was the Merrys’ daughter who came up with a possible solution. She’d heard about some people who were setting up a tool library—a nonprofit facility that would lend out tools just as a regular library lends books. Might Dad be interested in donating his
“I said yes,” Dave says.
The people creating the St. Paul Tool Library were thrilled. They had expected it would take a year to collect enough tools to make their facility fully functional. Instead it took one day: the day Dave donated his.
The library’s founders drove over to the Merrys’ house and picked everything up themselves. The library is housed in the basement of the American Can Factory. Members pay an annual fee (from $20 to $120) for unlimited tool use and a varying number of visits to the workshop. And they get an extra benefit: Dave Merry. “Almost every time we’re open, Dave’s here,” says one of the founders, Peter Hoh. “It means a lot to me to be able to go and use my tools,” Dave says. “But it means just as much to help DIYers use the tools properly.”
As Hoh puts it, “This is his workshop now.”
4. What do we know about Dave Merry
A. He had few DIY tools.
B. He kept his tools well.
C. He owned a tool library.
D. He used a walking stick after stroke.
5. How did the daughter help her parents
A. She took over Dad’s workshop.
B. She offered Dad useful information.
C. She moved them into assisted living.
D. She sold Dad’s tools to a tool library.
6. What is available to the visitors to the St. Paul Tool Library
A. Free use of the tools.
B. A visit to the Merrys’ house.
C. Dave’s instructions for using the tools.
D. Hoh’s share of the profit from the library.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Art of Living B. Setting up a Library
C. A Family-run Library D. Recycling Through Donating
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述Dave Merry年迈之时无偿捐助承载其诸多生活经历的DIY工具，使其循环使用让更多人受益的温馨故事。
4. B细节理解题。根据文章第一段The table saw, the jointer plane, the drill press, and the dozens of other power and hand tools had pride of place in his carefully organized workshop. 台锯、木工刨床、钻床，以及其他几十种动力和手工工具，在他精心组织的车间里都占有重要地位。可知，他把工具保存得很好。故选B。
5. B细节理解题。从第三段It was the Merrys’ daughter who came up with a possible solution. She’d heard about some people who were setting up a tool library—a nonprofit facility that would lend out tools just as a regular library lends books.可知，是梅里家的女儿想出了一个可能的解决办法。她听说有些人正在建立一个工具库——一个像普通图书馆出借图书一样出借工具的非盈利机构。从而可知，女儿给爸爸提供了有用的信息。故选B。
6. C细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Almost every time we’re open, Dave’s here,” says one of the founders, Peter Hoh. “It means a lot to me to be able to go and use my tools,” Dave says. “But it means just as much to help DIYers use the tools properly.”可知，营业的时候，戴夫都在这里帮助DIY者如何正确使用工具。故选C。
7. D主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章记述Dave Merry年迈之时无偿捐助承载其诸多生活经历的DIY工具，使其循环使用让更多人受益的温馨故事。故选D。
I waited half an hour, set the board, and sat in the studio, reviewing my questions until the telephone lines flashed.
“Hello ”
“This is Connie Chung. I’m so sorry I’m late.”
Connie Chung was one of the only four women anchors （主播） to make it into the club of major evening network television news. For almost an hour we talked about the industry. When I asked if she ever had an instructor throughout her trials, she turned around and offered to instruct me. When I asked why she decided to do it, she simply replied, “Because you’re good.”
That afternoon I rushed home and told my mother what had happened. Without looking up, she just said “Good for you.” Hearing this, I felt a sense of loss. Her consistent response always made me feel under-appreciated.
Until then I had been searching for something that I would never get—that sense of love and acceptance in a house full of negativity （消极）
I knew I needed to get rid of all the negativity in my life first, so I packed my bags and walked out of the house, thinking a risk would allow me to open myself to the world again and receive all the positive energy that I needed.
Then radio became my way of connecting with others. My ability to book high-level guests and celebrities（名人）was gradually recognized and eventually all the words of encouragement from past guests and colleagues helped me to re-build my confidence levels. “I can do this,” I kept telling myself, and pushed even harder to find my next aim.
People had faith in me, so I developed faith in myself. Their positive attitudes towards themselves and towards me helped me develop my own positive attitude, leading to productive interactions with celebrities and adding to my list of instructors.
I may not have started life surrounded by positivity but I surely feel that I am surrounded by it now. It’ s amazing how positivity builds on itself.
4. What was the author probably doing at the beginning of the text
A. He was preparing for a show. B. He was looking for an instructor.
C. He was waiting to be interviewed. D. He was broadcasting news in the studio.
5. How did the author’s mother react when told about Connie’s decision
A. She felt excited. B. She didn’t believe it.
C. She was very grateful. D. She didn’t take it seriously.
6. Why did the author leave home
A. To broaden his view. B. To escape punishment.
C. To keep away from negativity. D. To set up a home of his own.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. The Strength of Positivity B. My Goal in Career
C. My Ability in Management D. The Friendship Between Anchors
答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在主持节目过程中遇到的一些朋友和导师，他们积极乐观的态度以及对作者的信任，给作者带来了力量，从而使作者也变得更加积极主动，同时也取得了成功。
4. A推理判断题。根据前四段中出现的“reviewing my questions”以及“I asked if she ever had an instructor”等可推知，作者是在为主持一个访谈节目做准备，在这个节目中他将问Connie Chung一些问题。故选A。
5. D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Without looking up, she just said ‘Good for you.’ ”可知，当被告知Connie的决定时，作者的妈妈对作者将接受Connie Chung指导的事情没有当回事。故选D。
6. C细节理解题。根据第七段第一句I knew I needed to get rid of all the negativity in my life first可知，作者离开家是为了摆脱家庭中的消极影响。故选C。
7. A主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者在主持节目过程中遇到的一些朋友和导师，他们积极乐观的态度以及对作者的信任，给作者带来了力量，让作者也变得更加积极主动，从而迈向一个接一个的目标。故选A。
thanks(共30张PPT)
高考英语阅读理解
高频难词（三）
题型分析
01
331. award vt. 授予,判给 n. 奖品,奖金
332. aware a. 意识到
333. column n. 柱,圆柱；栏,专栏
edy n. 喜剧
335. dumb a. 哑的；沉默的
336. dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒
337. deaf a. 聋的；不愿听的
338. decorate vt. 装饰,装璜
339. principal a. 最重要的 n. 负责人,校长
340. principle n. 原则,原理
341. prior a. 优先的,在前的
342. priority n. 优先,重点
343. prohibit vt. 禁止,不准
344. remarkable a. 值得注意的,异常的,非凡的
345. remedy n./vt. 补救,医治,治疗
346. repetition n. 重复,反复
347. vain a. 徒劳的,无效的
348. undertake vt. 承担,着手做；同意,答应
349. unique a. 唯一的,独特的
350. obstacle n. 障碍（物）,妨碍
351. odd a. 奇特的,古怪的；奇数的
352. omit vt. 省略
353. opponent n. 敌手,对手
354. opportunity n. 机会,时机
355. orchestra n. 管弦乐队
356. semester n. 学期；半年
357. semiconductor n. 半导体
358. seminar n. 研讨会
359. terminal a. 末端的,极限的 n. 终点
360. territory n. 领土
361. approximate a. 大概的,大约 v. 近似
362. arbitrary a. 随意的,未断的
363. architect n. 建筑师
364. architecture n. 建筑学
365. biology n. 生物学
366. geography n. 地理（学）
367. geology n. 地质学
368. geometry n. 几何（学）
369. arithmetic n. 算术
370. algebra n. 代数
371. entertainment n. 娱乐；招待,款待
372. enthusiasm n. 热情,热心
373. entry n. 进入,入口处；参赛的人（或物）
374. environment n. 环境
375. episode n. 插曲,片段
376. equation n. 方程（式）
377. restrain vt. 阻止,抑制
378. restraint n. 抑制,限制
379. resume v. （中断后）重新开始
380. severe a. 严重的
381. sexual a. 性的
382. simplicity n. 简单；朴素
383. simplify vt. 简化
384. sorrow n. 悲哀,悲痛
385. stuff n. 原料,材料 vt. 填进,塞满
386. temporary a. 暂时的,临时的
387. temptation n. 诱惑,引诱
388. terror n. 恐怖
389. thrust v. 挤,推,插
390. treaty n. 条约,协定
391. arise vi. 产生,出现,发生；起身
392. arouse vt. 引起,激起；唤醒
393. burden n. 重担,负荷
394. bureau n. 局,办事处
395. marvelous a. 奇迹般的,惊人的
396. massive a. 大的,大量的,大块的
397. mature a. 成熟的
398. maximum a. 最高的,最大的
399. minimum a. 最低的,最小的
400. nonsense n. 胡说,冒失的行动
401. nuclear a. 核子的,核能的
402. nucleus n. 核
403. retail n./v./ad. 零售
404. retain vt. 保留,保持
405. restrict vt. 限制,约束
406. sponsor n. 发起者,主办者 vt. 发起,主办,资助
407. spur n./vt. 刺激,激励
408. triumph n. 胜利,成功
409. tuition n. 学费
410. twist vt. 使缠绕；转动；扭歪
411. undergraduate n. 大学肄业生
412. universal a. 普遍的,通用的；宇宙的
413. universe n. 宇宙
414. via prep. 经由,经过,通过
415. vibrate v. 振动,摇摆
416. virus n. 病毒
417. voluntary a. 自愿的
418. volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿（做）
419. vote v. 选举 n. 选票
420. wagon n. 四轮马车,铁路货车
421. appoint vt. 任命,委派
422. approach v. 靠近,接近 n. 途径,方式
423. appropriate a. 适当的
424. bunch n. 群,伙；束,串
425. bundle n. 捆,包,束 vt. 收集,归拢
426. ceremony n. 典礼,仪式
427. chaos n. 混乱,紊乱
428. discount n. （价格）折扣
429. display n./vt. 陈列,展览
430. equivalent a. 相等的 a. 相等物
431. erect a. 竖直的 v. 建造,竖立
432. fax n./vt. 传真
433. fertile a. 肥沃的；多产的
434. fertilizer n. 肥料
435. grateful a. 感激的
436. gratitude n. 感激
437. horror n. 恐怖
438. horrible a. 可怕的
439. Internet n. 国际互联网,因特网
440. interpret v. 翻译,解释
441. interpretation n. 解释,说明
442. jungle n. 丛林,密林
443. knot n. 结 vt. 把...打成结
444. leak v. 漏,渗出
445. lean vi. 倾斜,倚,靠
446. leap vi. 跳跃
447. modify vt. 修改
448. nylon n. 尼龙
449. jungle n. 丛林,密林
450. powder n. 粉末
451. applicable a. 可应用的,适当的
452. applicant n. 申请人
453. breadth n. 宽度
454. conservation n. 保存,保护
455. conservative a. 保守的
456. parallel n. 平行线；可相比拟的事物
457. passion n. ,热情
458. passive a. 被动的,消极的
459. pat v./n. 轻拍,轻打
460. peak n. 山峰,顶点
461. phenomenon n. 现象
462. reluctant a. 不情愿的,勉强的
463. rely vi. (on ,upon)依赖,指望
464. relevant a. 有关的,切题的
465. reliable a. 可靠的
466. relief n. 轻松,宽慰；减轻
467. reputation n. 名气,声誉
468. rescue vt./n. 营救
469. triangle n. 三角（形）
470. sequence n. 连续；顺序
471. shallow a. 浅的
472. shiver vi/n. 发抖
473. shrug v./n. 耸肩
474. signature n. 签名
475. sincere a. 诚挚的,真诚的
476. utility n. 功用,效用
477. utilize vt. 利用
478. utter vt. 说出 a. 完全的,彻底的
479. variation n. 变化,变动
480. vehicle n. 交通工具,车辆
481. applause n. 鼓掌,掌声
482. appliance n. 器具,器械
483. consent n. 准许,同意 vi (to)准许,同意
484. conquer vt. 征服
485. defect n. 缺点,缺陷
486. delicate a. 易碎的；娇弱的；精美的
487. evolve v.演变
488. evolution n. 演变,进化
489. frown v./n. 皱眉
490. frustrate vt. 使沮丧
491. guarantee vt./n. 保证
492. guilty a. 内疚的；有罪的
493. jealous a. 妒忌的
494. jeans n. 牛仔裤
495. liquor n. 酒,烈性酒
496.liter/litre n. 升
497. modest a. 谦虚道
498. molecule n. 分子
499. orbit n. 轨道 v. （绕...）作轨道运行
500. participate v. (in)参与,参加
模拟练习
02
Dave Merry and his tools have been through a lot together. The tools helped Dave, now 80, repair his home in St. Paul, Minnesota, where he and his wife, Annette Merry, lived for 46 years and raised three children. The table saw, the jointer plane, the drill press, and the dozens of other power and hand tools had pride of place in his carefully organized workshop. “I had a whole setup, and it was beautiful,” says Dave, a retired engineer.But then Annette experienced a stroke(中风) that left her relying on a walker to get around, and the Merrys decided to move into assisted living. Dave’s workshop was obviously a minor consideration given Annette’s condition, but the family knew that giving it up, on top of everything else, would hurt.It was the Merrys’ daughter who came up with a possible solution. She’d heard about some people who were setting up a tool library—a nonprofit facility that would lend out tools just as a regular library lends books. Might Dad be interested in donating his
“I said yes,” Dave says.The people creating the St. Paul Tool Library were thrilled. They had expected it would take a year to collect enough tools to make their facility fully functional. Instead it took one day: the day Dave donated his.The library’s founders drove over to the Merrys’ house and picked everything up themselves. The library is housed in the basement of the American Can Factory. Members pay an annual fee (from $20 to $120) for unlimited tool use and a varying number of visits to the workshop. And they get an extra benefit: Dave Merry. “Almost every time we’re open, Dave’s here,” says one of the founders, Peter Hoh. “It means a lot to me to be able to go and use my tools,” Dave says. “But it means just as much to help DIYers use the tools properly.”As Hoh puts it, “This is his workshop now.”
4. What do we know about Dave Merry
A. He had few DIY tools.
B. He kept his tools well.
C. He owned a tool library.
D. He used a walking stick after stroke.
5. How did the daughter help her parents
A. She took over Dad’s workshop.
B. She offered Dad useful information.
C. She moved them into assisted living.
D. She sold Dad’s tools to a tool library.
6. What is available to the visitors to the St. Paul Tool Library
A. Free use of the tools.
B. A visit to the Merrys’ house.
C. Dave’s instructions for using the tools.
D. Hoh’s share of the profit from the library.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Art of Living B. Setting up a Library
C. A Family-run Library D. Recycling Through Donating
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述Dave Merry年迈之时无偿捐助承载其诸多生活经历的DIY工具，使其循环使用让更多人受益的温馨故事。4. B细节理解题。根据文章第一段The table saw, the jointer plane, the drill press, and the dozens of other power and hand tools had pride of place in his carefully organized workshop. 台锯、木工刨床、钻床，以及其他几十种动力和手工工具，在他精心组织的车间里都占有重要地位。可知，他把工具保存得很好。故选B。5. B细节理解题。从第三段It was the Merrys’ daughter who came up with a possible solution. She’d heard about some people who were setting up a tool library—a nonprofit facility that would lend out tools just as a regular library lends books.可知，是梅里家的女儿想出了一个可能的解决办法。她听说有些人正在建立一个工具库——一个像普通图书馆出借图书一样出借工具的非盈利机构。从而可知，女儿给爸爸提供了有用的信息。故选B。
6. C细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Almost every time we’re open, Dave’s here,” says one of the founders, Peter Hoh. “It means a lot to me to be able to go and use my tools,” Dave says. “But it means just as much to help DIYers use the tools properly.”可知，营业的时候，戴夫都在这里帮助DIY者如何正确使用工具。故选C。7. D主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章记述Dave Merry年迈之时无偿捐助承载其诸多生活经历的DIY工具，使其循环使用让更多人受益的温馨故事。故选D。
I waited half an hour, set the board, and sat in the studio, reviewing my questions until the telephone lines flashed.“Hello ”“This is Connie Chung. I’m so sorry I’m late.”Connie Chung was one of the only four women anchors （主播） to make it into the club of major evening network television news. For almost an hour we talked about the industry. When I asked if she ever had an instructor throughout her trials, she turned around and offered to instruct me. When I asked why she decided to do it, she simply replied, “Because you’re good.”That afternoon I rushed home and told my mother what had happened. Without looking up, she just said “Good for you.” Hearing this, I felt a sense of loss. Her consistent response always made me feel under-appreciated.Until then I had been searching for something that I would never get—that sense of love and acceptance in a house full of negativity （消极）
I knew I needed to get rid of all the negativity in my life first, so I packed my bags and walked out of the house, thinking a risk would allow me to open myself to the world again and receive all the positive energy that I needed.Then radio became my way of connecting with others. My ability to book high-level guests and celebrities（名人）was gradually recognized and eventually all the words of encouragement from past guests and colleagues helped me to re-build my confidence levels. “I can do this,” I kept telling myself, and pushed even harder to find my next aim.People had faith in me, so I developed faith in myself. Their positive attitudes towards themselves and towards me helped me develop my own positive attitude, leading to productive interactions with celebrities and adding to my list of instructors.I may not have started life surrounded by positivity but I surely feel that I am surrounded by it now. It’ s amazing how positivity builds on itself.
4. What was the author probably doing at the beginning of the text
A. He was preparing for a show. B. He was looking for an instructor.
C. He was waiting to be interviewed. D. He was broadcasting news in the studio.
5. How did the author’s mother react when told about Connie’s decision
A. She felt excited. B. She didn’t believe it.
C. She was very grateful. D. She didn’t take it seriously.
6. Why did the author leave home
A. To broaden his view. B. To escape punishment.
C. To keep away from negativity. D. To set up a home of his own.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. The Strength of Positivity
B. My Goal in Career
C. My Ability in Management
D. The Friendship Between Anchors
答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在主持节目过程中遇到的一些朋友和导师，他们积极乐观的态度以及对作者的信任，给作者带来了力量，从而使作者也变得更加积极主动，同时也取得了成功。4. A推理判断题。根据前四段中出现的“reviewing my questions”以及“I asked if she ever had an instructor”等可推知，作者是在为主持一个访谈节目做准备，在这个节目中他将问Connie Chung一些问题。故选A。5. D推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Without looking up, she just said ‘Good for you.’ ”可知，当被告知Connie的决定时，作者的妈妈对作者将接受Connie Chung指导的事情没有当回事。故选D。6. C细节理解题。根据第七段第一句I knew I needed to get rid of all the negativity in my life first可知，作者离开家是为了摆脱家庭中的消极影响。故选C。7. A主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者在主持节目过程中遇到的一些朋友和导师，他们积极乐观的态度以及对作者的信任，给作者带来了力量，让作者也变得更加积极主动，从而迈向一个接一个的目标。故选A。
thanks(共29张PPT)
高考英语阅读理解
高频难词（三）
题型分析
01
scent n. 气味；嗅觉；痕迹；察觉能力
vt. 闻到；发觉；使充满…的气味；循着遗臭追踪
vi. 发出…的气味；有…的迹象；嗅着气味追赶
monument n. 纪念碑；历史遗迹；不朽的作品 vt. 为…树碑
highlight v. 突出；强调；使显著；加亮；着亮彩于（头发） n. 最精彩的部分；最重要的事情；强光部分
exceptional adj. 异常的，例外的 n. 超常的学生
activist n. 积极分子；激进主义分子
ape n. [脊椎] 猿；猩猩；类人猿 v. 模仿；仿效
digitalize vt. 数字化；数位化
graphics n. （商业设计或插图中的）图形；图样，图案制图学；制图法；图表算法；（计算机程序中）图表
image n. 影像；想象；肖像；偶像 vt. 想象；反映；象征；作…的像
monitor n. 监视器；监听器；监控器；显示屏；班长 vt. 监控
isolation n. 隔离；孤立；[电] 绝缘；[化学] 离析
multigenerational adj. 几代人的
standpoint n. 立场；观点
gene n. [遗] 基因，遗传因子
mutation n. 突变；变化；元音变化
evolved v. （使）逐渐形成；（有机体或生物特征）进化；释放（气体或热量）（evolve 的过去式及过去分词）
adj. 进化了的
stilts n. 高跷；支柱，支撑物 vt. 使踏上高跷
curtain n. 幕；窗帘 vt. 遮蔽；装上门帘 be curtains (for sb) 绝望的处境；无法摆脱的困境；完蛋
unpack v. 打开包裹；分析；卸下……；解除……的负担
havoc n. 大破坏；浩劫；蹂躏 vt. 严重破坏 vi. 损毁
cope with(应对)
ego n. 自我；自负；自我意识
displeased with 对…...生气
behind the scene 幕后；幕后花絮；未开拓市场
above the law 凌驾于法律之上的
lifelike adj. 栩栩如生的；逼真的
portrait n. 肖像；描写；半身雕塑像
legendary adj. 传说的，传奇的
humbled adj. 谦逊的；简陋的；（级别或地位）低下的；不大的
vt. 使谦恭；轻松打败（尤指强大的对手）；低声下气
honorable adj. 光荣的；可敬的；高贵的（honourable的美式写法）
disqualification n. 不合格；取消资格；被罚下场 adj.disqualified 不合格的；被取消资格的
v. disqualified 使 不合格；取消…的资格（disqualify的过去分词）
vt. disqualify 取消…的资格
willpower n. 意志力；毅力
first-generation adj. 出生在美国的；原件第一代
funeral n. 葬礼；麻烦事 adj. 丧葬的，出殡的
reportage n. 报告文学，报道文学；报道，新闻报道
appetite n. 食欲；嗜好
undergraduate n. 大学本科生；大学肄业生 adj. 大学本科生的；大学肄业生的
ostensibly adv. 表面上；外表
viewership n. （电视节目的）观众；收视率
stand up to 经得起；抵抗；勇敢地面对
anticipate v. 预料，预期；预见，预计（并做准备）；期盼，期望；先于……做，早于……行动；在期限内履行（义务），偿还（债务）；提前使用
restlessly adv. 不安地；慌张地
apling n. 树苗；年轻人
drip v. 滴下，使滴下；（液体）滴下，漏下；充满；溢出，发出
n. 水滴；滴水声；滴注器，静脉滴注；滴水槽；（非正式）窝囊废，平庸乏味者，使人厌烦的人
cool down 冷却；平静下来
keep off 让开；不接近
purify vt. 净化；使纯净
simulation n. 仿真；模拟；模仿；假装
thoughtful adj. 深思的；体贴的；关切的
playgoer n. 戏迷；爱看戏的人
playwright n. 剧作家
get across 通过；使...被理解
drama n. 戏剧，戏剧艺术；剧本；戏剧性事件
versatility n. 多功能性；多才多艺；用途广泛
picture n. 照片，图画；影片；景色；化身 vt. 画；想像；描写
dim adj. 暗淡的，昏暗的；模糊的，看不清的；悲观的，怀疑的
vt. 使暗淡，使失去光泽；使变模糊 vi. 变模糊，变暗淡 n. 笨蛋，傻子
in a row 连续；成一长行
intersection n. 交叉；十字路口；交集；交叉点
adaptive adj. 适应的，适合的
managerial adj. [管理] 管理的；经理的
stimulate adj. 刺激的；有刺激性的 v. 刺激；激励；促进
cognitive adj. 认知的，认识的
multitasking n. 多重任务处理；多重任务执行
coordinate v. 调节，配合；使动作协调；（衣服、家具等）搭配；与……形成共价键
adj. 同等的，并列的；配位的；坐标的 n. 坐标；配套服装；同等的人或物
motorway n. 高速公路，汽车高速公路
tractor n. 拖拉机；牵引机
handbrake n. 手煞车；手闸
miraculously adv. 奇迹般地；神奇地；非凡地；出乎意料地
hold back 隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止
get out 离开，出去；泄露；出版
irrigate vt. 灌溉；冲洗；使清新
machinery n. 机械；机器；机构；机械装置
sniff vi. 嗅；嗤之以鼻 vt. 嗅；闻；用力吸；发觉
n. 吸，闻；嗤之以鼻；气味；以鼻吸气；吸气声
shotgun n. 霰弹猎枪；猎枪，火枪；滑膛枪；散弹猎枪；副驾驶位 adj. 猎枪的；被迫的
bear off 赢得；驶离
encounter v. 遭遇；邂逅；遇到 n. 遭遇；偶然碰见
roar n. 咆哮；吼；轰鸣 vi. 咆哮；吼叫；喧闹 vt. 咆哮；呼喊；使……轰鸣
deadline n. 最终期限；（监狱范围的）死线
eligible adj. 合格的，合适的；符合条件的；有资格当选的
n. 合格者；适任者；有资格者
stumble vi. 踌躇，蹒跚；失足；犯错 vt. 使…困惑；使…绊倒 n. 绊倒；蹒跚而行
boast vt. 夸口说，自吹自擂说；以有…而自豪
n. 自夸；值得夸耀的事物，引以为荣的事物vi. 自吹自擂
biometric adj. 生物统计的；生物特征识别的
cadence n. 节奏；韵律；抑扬顿挫；终止式vt. 使有节奏
commercialize vt. 使商业化；使商品化
interpersonal adj. 人际的；人与人之间的
dishonorable adj. 不名誉的；无耻的
engage vt. 吸引，占用；使参加；雇佣；使订婚；预定；攻击，与……开战；使啮合
vi. 从事；参与；答应，保证
openness n. 公开；宽阔；率真
likability n.可爱
sunscreen n. （防晒油中的）遮光剂；防晒霜
glacier n. [地理][水文] 冰川；[地理][水文] 冰河
fade away 逐渐消失
congregating vt. 聚集 vi. 聚集 adj. 集合在一起的subpopulation n.（从其他人口分出或构成总人口的）分组人口
模拟练习
02
It is well known that male humpback whales(座头鲸)are skilled singers.Their songs are thought to attract females in high frequency sounds while to compete with other males in low frequency sounds.Research led by the Wildlife Conservation Society has now made a new discovery.The study looked at the songs of two humpback whale populations, based on sound recordings collected from 2013 to 2018.One group was based in the South Atlantic, off the coast of Gabon, and the other in the Indian Ocean near Madagascar.Analysis of the recordings showed that the two groups picked up musical ideas from each other and borrowed phrases and themes into their latest song.This suggested that the males from the two groups came into contact with each other over the five years and shared songs.
To uncover this musical cooperation, researchers recorded the songs and transcribe them into more than 1,500 individual sounds and patterns, or song units.They found that the units were composed into larger phrases, which were then repeated to form themes.These themes were sung for hours at a time, or even days.By 2018, both populations have been singing largely the same songs."This similarity in the songs shows that these two populations come into closer contact than other southern populations, explains Dr Melinda Rekdahl, leading author of the study.As well as being an interesting phenomenon, she explains that those songs allow even greater insight into the workings of the humpback whale populations.
12.What do people usually think of the purpose of male humpback whales' songs
A.To have fun. B.To attract other fish.C.To increase the population of their group. D.To attract females and compete with other males.
13.How could the two groups of humpback whales in research sing similar songs
A.They were born with those songs.
B.The researchers composed similar songs for them.
C.The male whales from the two groups learned singing from each other.
D.The male whales taught the females songs from the other group.
14.What does the underlined word"transcribe in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Change. B.Describe. C.Create. D.Enjoy.
15.What is the best title for the text A.
A Kind of Magic Whales. B.Male Humpback Whales Share Songs.C.The Biggest Ocean Animals. D.The Workings of Humpback Whale Populations.
【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了雄性座头鲸的声音，以及他们声音的传播分享。12.细节理解题。根据第一段“Their songs are thought to attract females in high frequency sounds while to compete with other males in low frequency sounds.” 人们认为，雄性座头鲸的歌声能在高频吸引雌性，而在低频与其他雄性竞争。吸引雌性并与其他雄性竞争。故选D项。13.细节理解题。根据最后一段“This similarity in the songs shows that these two populations come into closer contact than other southern populations” 这两首歌的相似性表明，这两个族群的接触比其他南方族群更为密切。可知这两组雄性鲸鱼互相学习唱歌。故选C项。14.词义猜测题。第三段“To uncover this musical cooperation, researchers recorded the songs and transcribe them into more than 1,500 individual sounds and patterns,”为了揭示这种音乐上的合作，研究人员记录了这些歌曲，并将它们转录成1500多个单独的声音和模式。由“songs”到“1,500 individual sounds and patterns,”是一个“转变，改变”。故选A项。15.主旨大意题。文章首句“It is well known that male humpback whales(座头鲸)are skilled singers.”开始到最后一的研究报告，通段通篇在研究雄性座头鲸的声音，以及他们声音的传播分享。故选B项。
About one million adults in the USA need someone to help them eat.Researchers at the University of Washington are working on a robotic system that can help make it easier.After identifying different food on a plate, the robot can decide how to use a fork to pick up and deliver the desired bite to a person s mouth.“Being dependent on a caregiver to feed every bite every day takes away a person's sense of independence, "said the researcher."Our goal with this project is to give people a bit more control over their lives The idea was to develop a feeding system that would be attached to wheelchairs and feed people whatever they wanted to eat.“When we started the project, we realized there are so many ways that people can eat a piece of food depending on its size, shape or consistency(坚实度)," said the researcher,“So we set up an experiment to see how humans eat common foods.”
The researchers arranged plates with about a dozen different kinds of food, ranging in consistency from hard carrots to soft bananas, Then the team gave volunteers a fork and asked them to pick up different pieces of food and feed them to a model.The fork contained a sensor to measure how much force people used when they picked up food.To design a feeding strategy that changes based on the food item, the researchers combined two different algorithms (算法).First they used an object-detection algorithm called Retina Net, which scans the plate, identifies the types of food on it and places a frame around each item.Then they developed SPNet, an algorithm that examines the type of food in a specific frame and tells the robot the best way to pick up the food.The team is currently working with the Taskar Center for Accessible Technology to get advice from caregivers and patients on how to improve the system to meet people's need.
12.Why do the researchers work on the robotic system
A.To help old people live a normal life. B.To help people improve their health.C.To release people from heavy housework. D.To make some people more independent.
13.How does the robotic system work
A.By picking up some soft food. B.By picking out food on the wheelchair.
C.By working with some nurses. D.By observing and delivering food.
14.What can be inferred about the robotic system
A.It needs further research. B.It has come onto the market.
C.It is suitable for any disabled person. D.It has won people's great concern.
15.What may be the best title for the text
A.The process of inventing a robotic system.
B.A new way to help those who don't like eating.
C.Robotic feeders for humans are coming into being.
D.Caregivers are going to lose their jobs in the future.
【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【解析】本文是说明文。为了让那些需要他人喂饭的人生活更加独立，研究人员通过观察和实验研发出一种“会喂饭的机器人系统”。 这种“会喂饭的机器人系统”通过观察,从而识别不同的食物,最后选择最合理的方法把食物送到人的嘴里。该团队目前正与塔斯卡尔无障碍技术中心合作，就如何改进系统以满足人们的需求征求护理人员和患者的意见。12.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Our goal with this project is to give people a bit more control over their lives the idea was to develop a feeding system that would be attached to wheelchairs and feed people whatever they wanted to eat.（我们这个项目的目标是让人们对自己的生活有更多的控制，我们的想法是开发一个喂食系统，可以连接到轮椅上，让人们想吃什么就吃什么。）可知研究人员研究这种“会喂饭的机器人系统”是为了让那些坐在轮椅上的残疾人生活更加独立。故选D。
13.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句After identifying different food on a plate, the robot can decide how to use a fork to pick up and deliver the desired bite to a person s mouth.（在识别出盘子里不同的食物后，机器人就可以决定如何用叉子把想要的食物送到人的嘴里。）可知这种“会喂饭的机器人系统”通过观察,从而识别不同的食物,最后选择最合理的方法把食物送到人的嘴里。故选D。14.推理判断题。根据最后一段The team is currently working with the Taskar Center for Accessible Technology to get advice from caregivers and patients on how to improve the system to meet people's need.（该团队目前正与塔斯卡尔无障碍技术中心合作，就如何改进系统以满足人们的需求征求护理人员和患者的意见。）可知研究人员正在和Taskar Center for Accessible Technology开展合作,以收集看护人员和病人们对于这种“会喂饭的机器人系统”的建议,并根据这些建议来改良它,以使它能更好地符合人的需求。由此推出,这种“会喂饭的机器人系统”还需要进一步的研究。故选A。15.主旨大意题。根据第一段About one million adults in the USA need someone to help them eat. Researchers at the University of Washington are working on a robotic system that can help make it easier.（美国大约有100万成年人需要有人帮助他们吃饭。华盛顿大学的研究人员正在研究一种机器人系统，它可以帮助简化这一过程。）以及文章主要内容可知本文主要介绍了一款可以喂人吃饭的机器人系统正在研发中一事。故选C。
thanks(共38张PPT)
高考英语阅读理解
必备词汇
知识分析
01
观点态度题
观点态度类的题目旨在考查考生对作者或者文中人物的观点或态度的理解能力,要求考生在理解文意的基础上进行推理判断。
解题点津：
1. 要先判断题目考查的是作者的观点或态度还是文中人物的观点或态度。
2. 注意切勿用自己的观点代替作者的观点或文中人物的观点。
3. 注意文中描写环境以及表达感彩、观点或态度的词语或句子，利用它们来推断作者的观点或态度。
4. 文中人物的观点或态度经常会出现在该人物的话语中。
主旨题——考分辨和提纲挈领的能力
主旨题是阅读理解中最常见的题型之一，测试阅读理解的基本能力；掌握所读材料的率是和大意。这种题型考查学生在语言水平上对文章的把握：能否分辨主题和细节、是否具备提纲挈领的能力。解答这类题可以运用如下方法：
1、把握文章逻辑结构
把握文章逻辑结构对于做主旨题很朋帮助，因为文章主题出现的位置对应于文章逻辑结构中的一个部分。高考阅读理解文章的主要逻辑结构有：
1)时间顺序。按时间先后说明某一理论的发展，或某一研究成果由过去至现在的情况。属于这种结构的主题通常在首段或末段。
2)一般 一般。首段做总的说明，其他段落分别说明或具体论述首段的观点。属于这种结构的文章主题在首段。
抓主题句
主题句表达中心思想，其它句子均围绕它进行说明或议论。它在文章中的通常位置为第一段首句、第一段末句和全文末句等地方。所以阅读时对这些地方要特别关注。
3、概括段落大意
4、根据论述详略确定
通常与主题有关的部分有较详尽的论述，而与主题关系不够密切的部分论述较简略。
主旨题除了上述形式之外，还有如下变体：
1、标题
问标题的题也是一种主旨题，与主旨题的解题主法和技巧完全一样。二者的差别主要体现于选项的形式：主旨题的答案通常以一句话表示，而问标题的答案大多为一个名词词组。此外，标题必须反映文章的中心大意，而且只能反映文章的中心大意。这就要求选项的归纳范围要恰如其分，既不能只提及文中的一个细节，也不能将本文以外的内容概括于其中。
写作目的
写作目的与文章主题不同，但与它关系密切，所以也可以算作主旨题的一种变全体。二者的异同可以从下面的对比中看出：文章主旨问中心思想、文章大意，而写作目的则阐述文章为何表达这个中心思想，等于文章大意＋论述方法(或＋作者口吻)。文章大意可以根据前面所述的方法找到。至于论述方法，可以根据高考阅读理解的主体文章确定一些。
advice…(建议，劝告)
argue for(论证)，argue against(驳斥)(这两种答案仅适用于议论文体裁)
convice…(说明)
present…(阐述)
propose…(建设)
warn…(警告)
既然全文的写作目的与文章的主旨密切相关，那么段落的写作目的也与段落的大意密切相关，只有反映了段落大意的答案才是段落的写作目的。
convenient adj.便利的，方便的
convince vt.使确信，使信服
corn n.谷物，小麦
cottage n.村舍，小屋
counter n.柜台，计数器
court n.法庭
courtyard n. 庭院，院子
crash vi.碰撞，坠落n.碰撞
cream n.奶油
creature n.生物，创造物
credit n.信用，分数
crew n.全体船员
crime n.罪，罪行，犯罪
crop n.农作物，庄稼
crossing v. 横越n. 交叉口
crowd n.群，大众，一伙人
cupboard n.碗柜
cure vt.医治n.治愈
curious adj.好奇的，稀奇古怪的
curtain n.帘，窗帘，幕(布)
cushion n.垫子，坐垫，靠垫
custom n.习惯，风俗，海关
customer n.顾客，主顾
cycle n.循环
damage vt.损害，毁坏n.损害
damp adj.潮湿的
darkness n.黑暗
dawn n.黎明，开端
deadline n. 最终期限
debate n.vi.争论，辩论
debt n.债务，欠债
declare vt.断言，声明
decorate vt.装饰
decrease vi.n.减少
deed n.行为，功绩，契约
defeat vt.战胜，击败
defence n.防御，辩护
defend vt.保卫，防守
degree n.程度，度，学位
delay vt.推迟，耽搁，延误
delete vt.删除，擦掉
delight n.快乐vt.使高兴
deliver vt.投递，送交
demand vt.要求，需要
department n.部，司，局，处，系
depth n.深度，深处
description n.描述；形容
desert n.沙漠vt.离弃，擅离
deserve vt.应受，值得
design vt.设计n.设计，图样
desire vt.相望，要求n.愿望
destination n.目的地，终点，目标
destroy vt.破坏，消灭
detect vt.察觉，发觉，侦察
determine vt.决定，决心
devote vt.将…奉献，致力于
diagram n.图解，图表，简图
dial n.钟面，拨号盘vt.拨号
diamond n.钻石，菱形
dictation n.口授
diet n.饮食，食物
differ vi.不同，相异
digest vt.消化，领会n.文摘
digital adj.数字的
dirt n.尘，土，污垢
disadvantage n.缺点，弱点
disagree vi.不同意；不一致
disappear vi.不见，失踪，消失
disappoint vt.使失望
disaster n.灾难
discount n.折扣
discriminate vt.vi.区别对待，歧视
dislike vt.n.不喜爱，厌恶
distance n.距离，远处
distant adj.在远处的，疏远的
distinguish vt.区别，辨别
district n.地区，区域
document n.公文，文件
donate vt.vi.捐赠
dormitory n.集体寝室，宿舍
dot n.点，圆点vt.打点于
download n. 下装，卸载
downtown adv. 在市区，往市区
drawing n.绘画
drill n.钻头，操练vi.钻孔
drown v.溺死
drunk a.醉的，陶醉的
due adj.预期的，应给的
dull a.枯燥的，阴暗的
dust n.灰尘
dusty adj.多灰尘的，灰蒙蒙的；粉末状的；灰色的
eager adj.渴望的，热切的
earn vt.挣得，获得
earthquake n.地震
eastern adj.东方的，朝东的
edit vt.编辑，编纂，校订
effect n.效果，效力
elect vt.选举，推选
electricity n.电，电流
electronic adj.电子的
embarrass vt.使窘迫，使为难
emergency n.紧急情况，突然事件
employ vi.雇用
endless adj.无止境的
engine n.发动机，引擎
enjoyable adj.使人快乐的，有乐趣的
entertainment n. 娱乐，款待，娱乐表演
entire adj.全部的，彻底的
entrance n.入口，进入
envelope n.信封，封套
envy vt.n.妒忌，羡慕
equal adj.相等的，平等的
equipment n.装备，设备，配备
error n.错误，谬误，差错
escape vi.逃跑，逸出n.逃跑
especially adv.特别，尤其，格外
essay n.短文，散文，小品文
evaluate vt.评价，估…的价
event n.事件，事变
evidence n.根据，证据，证人
exact adj.确切的，精确的
exactly adv.的确如此
exchange vt.交换，交流n.交换
exciting adj.令人兴奋的
exhibition n.展览，陈列，展览会
exist vi.存在，生存
exit n.出口，退场vi.退出
expand vt.扩大，使膨胀
expense n.花费，消费，费用
expert n.专家a.熟练的
explanation n.解释，说明，辩解
explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸
exploit vt.剥削，利用，开拓
explore vt.vi.探险，探索
export vt.输出，出口
expression n.词句，表达，表情
extra adj.额外的ad.特别地
fade vi.褪色，逐渐消失
failure n.失败，失败的人
fairly adv.相当，公平地
faith n.信任，信心，信仰
false adj.不真实的，伪造的
familiar adj.熟悉的
farther adv.更远地a.更远的
fasten vt.扎牢，扣住，使固定
fault n.缺点，过失，故障
favor n.好感，赞同，恩惠
fax n.vt. 传真
feather n.羽毛，翎毛，羽状物
federal adj.联邦的，联盟的
fee n.费，酬金，赏金
fellow n.人，家伙，伙伴
female n.a.女性的，雌性的
fence n.栅栏
fiction n.小说，虚构，杜撰
fierce adj.凶猛的，狂热的
figure n.数字，外形，人物
file n.档案vt.把…归档
finance n.财政，金融，财源
fireworks n.[pl.]爆竹，烟花
firm adj.坚定的n.公司，商号
fist n.拳头
flame n.火焰，光辉，热情
flash n.闪光vi.闪，闪烁
flesh n.肉，肌肉，肉体
flight n.航班，飞行，逃跑
float vi.漂浮vt.使漂浮
模拟练习
02
Drive through any suburb in the U.S. Today, and it’s hard to miss the recycling bins that have become companions to America’s trash cans. Recycling has become common, as people recognize the need to care for the environment. Yet most people’s recycling consciousness extends only as far as paper, bottles, and cans. People seldom find themselves facing the growing problem of e-waste.
E-waste rapidly increases as the techno- fashionable frequently upgrade to the most advanced devices, and the majority of them end up in landfills (垃圾填埋地). Some people who track such waste say that users throw away nearly 2 million tons of TVs, VCRs, computers, cell phones, and other electronics every year. Unless we can find a safe replacement, this e-waste may get into the ground and poison the water with dangerous toxins (毒素), such as lead, mercury, and arsenic. Burning the waste also dangerously contaminates the air.
However, e-waste often contains reusable silver, gold, and other electrical materials. Recycling these materials reduces environmental problems by reducing both landfill waste and the need to look for such metals, which can destroy ecosystems.
A growing number of states have adopted laws to ban dumping e-waste. Still, less than a quarter of this waste will reach lawful recycling programs. Some companies advertising safe disposal in fact merely ship the waste to some developing countries, where it still ends up in landfills. These organizations prevent progress by unsafely disposing of waste in an out- of- sight, out- of- mind location.
However, the small but growing number of cities and corporations that do handle e- waste responsibly represents progress toward making the world a cleaner, better place for us all.
12. What can we infer from the first paragraph
A. Many Americans now have access to recycling bins.
B. E-waste cannot be put into trash cans in the U.S.
C. Most Americans have realized the dangers of e-waste.
D. Most of America’s trash cans are made of recycled material.
13. What can best replace the underlined word “contaminates” in Paragraph 2
A. pollutes. B. heats.
C. absorbs. D. reduces.
14. How does the author feel about burying e-waste in landfills
A. It’s important. B. It’s unsafe.
C. It’s acceptable. D. It’s uncommon.
15. What’s the author’s purpose in writing this text
A. To tell us how to recycle e-waste.
B. To talk about the future of e-waste.
C. To discuss if it’s necessary to recycle e-waste.
D. To encourage us to deal with e-waste properly.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】本文是一篇科教类阅读。随着技术的不断更新，人们对垃圾的回收普遍关注，回收普通垃圾已经成为习惯。电子垃圾的增加，处理它们存在着问题，如何合理回收，是现代回收垃圾的重点．
12. A
推理判断题。根据第一段Re cycling has become commonplace，as people recognize the need to care for the environment．回收利用变得很普遍，因为人们已经意识到需要关注环境．可知A项（很多美国人已经会用回收箱）符合题意，故选A．
13. A
词义猜测题。A．pollutes污染；B．heats加热；C．absorbs吸收；D．reduces减少．根据“this e-waste may get into the ground and poison the water with dangerous toxins (毒素), such as lead, mercury, and arsenic.”可知，这些电子污染会进入土地，污染到水源，那么燃烧污染物可能会污染空气。．由此可推断出contaminates可能是“污染”，故选A。
14. B
推理判断题．根据文章第二段和第四段内容" Some companies advertising safe disposal in fact merely ship the waste to some developing countries, where it still ends up in landfills. These organizations prevent progress by unsafely disposing of waste in an out- of- sight, out- of- mind location." 一些公司的广而告之说安全处置实际上只是把废物运送到一些发展中国家那里，它最终仍然在垃圾填埋场。这些组织通过把电子垃圾不安全处理方式，即掩埋在一个眼不见为净的地方的，阻止了进一步的处理。分析句意可知，只是把电子垃圾放在看不见的垃圾填埋场，但仍旧不安全，因为它还在那里，分析选项可知 B正确．
15. D
主旨大意题．通读全文可知，人们对垃圾的回收普遍关注，回收普通垃圾已经成为习惯。电子垃圾的增加，处理它们存在着问题。能合理回收，是现代回收垃圾的重点．故本文的目的是鼓励我们合理处理电子垃圾．故选D．
thanks(共34张PPT)
高考英语阅读理解
常用词汇
知识分析
01
细节题——多种多样，细心对待
所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题于针对原文具体叙述本身发问。这类题的表现形式多种多样，不妨总结如下：
1、是非题
出题形式：
三正一误(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)：
Which of the following is true except…
Which of the following is mentioned except…
三误一正(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)：
Which of the following is true
解题方法：
1)定位法
根据题干或选项中的线索词回原文，找到相关句，与选项相比较确定答案。
2)固定思路
这种做题方法主要与三正一误的下列问法相联系：
Which of the following mentioned except…
Which of the following is not mentioned…
这种问题的正确选项所包含的信息通常连续出现在同一段，而且往往无列举标志词，如first，second，third等。做题时只需阅读有关段落，根据一个选项中的关键词在其前后找其他两个正确先项，剩下一个原文中未提到的，为正确答案。
例证题
例子为高考阅读理解的常见考点之一，这类题的基本结构为The author provides in line…(或Paragraph…)an example in order to…意思是问文中举出某现象或例子的目的。高考阅读理解文章如果是说明文和议论文，文章中举出一些例子无非是为了说明一定的道理。关键在于这个例子在原文出现的位置，但不管如何，这个例子之前或之后不远处通常都有一句总结说明性的话，这句话就是答案，即举例的目的。如果例子与全文主题有关，则例证主题，答案为主题句。如果例子与段落主题有关，就例证段落主题，则答案为段落主题句；此外，答案为例子前后总结说明性的话。
其他形式的具体题
1)定义
定义可以分为两种：
a.与主题有关的篇章定义，理解它有助于做主旨题。
b.具体定义对中某个现象或术语加以定义，有时成为词义题的考试内容。
2)年代与数字
这个考点有几种出题方式，但不管以何种形式出现，只要题干问年代与数字，答案就对应于文章中的年代与数字。
3)比较
比较考点的表现形式主要有：
a.比较级与含有比较意义的词汇手段和句型结构；
b.表示绝对意义的字眼：
first(第一)，least(最不)，uttermost(最)等；
c.表示惟一性的词汇：only,unique等；
阅读最最好能圈草表示最高级、惟一性和绝对意义的词汇，便于做题对回原文定位。
4)原因
这种题的答案在原文通常有一些表示因果关系的词汇手段提示：1)表示因果关系的名词：result,reason;2)表示因果关系的动词：result in(结果)，result from(由于，由)，base…on…(以……为基础)，be due to (由于)；3)表示因果关系的连词或介词：because,for,why;4)表示因果关系的副词；as a result,consequently等，阅读时对这些提示词应该予以注意。
除了上述原文有因果关系提示词的显性原因考点之外，隐性原因(两个句子之间为因果关系，但无有关提示词)也是常见考点。不管是显性原因考点，还是隐性原因考点，原文相关句出现的格式都是先说原因，后说结果，而在题干中通常给出结果，就其原因提问。
flour n.面粉，粉末
flow vi.流动，飘扬，涨潮
fluent adj.流利的，流畅的
focus vi.聚焦，注视n.焦点
foggy adj.有雾的，模糊的
fold vt.折叠，合拢n.褶
folk n.人们，家属，亲属
fond adj.喜爱的，溺爱的
fool n.傻子vt.欺骗，愚弄
foolish adj.愚蠢的
forbid vt.禁止
forecast n.预测，预报vt.预示
forever adv.永远，总是，老是
forgive vt.原谅，宽恕
former adj.在前的n.前者
fortnight n.两星期，十四天
fortunate adj.幸运的
fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏
fortune n.命运，运气，财产
found vt.创立，创办
fountain n.泉水，喷泉
freedom n.自由
frequent adj.经常的
frequently adv.时常，频繁地
frighten vt.使惊恐，吓唬
fry vt.油煎，油炸，油炒
fuel n.燃料vt.给…加燃料
function n.功能，职务，函数
fur n.软毛，毛皮，裘皮
gain vt.获得，增加n.增进
garbage n.垃圾，污物，废料
gas n.煤气，气体
gather vi.聚集，集合vt.收集
gay adj.快乐的，鲜明的
generally adv.一般地，通常地
generation n.一代，一代人，产生
generous adj.慷慨的，宽厚的
gentle adj.和蔼的，轻柔的
glance vi.看一下n.一瞥
globe n.地球，世界，地球仪
goal n.球门，得分，目的
goods n.货物，商品
gradual adj.逐渐的，渐进的
gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
graduate n.大学毕业生vi.毕业
graduation n.毕业
grain n.谷物，谷粒，颗粒
grand adj.宏伟的，重大的
grasp vt.抓紧，掌握n.抓
gravity n.重力，引力，严重性
greatly adv.大大地，非常地；伟大地，崇高地
greet vt.问候，招呼，反应
grey n./a.灰色(的)
grocer n.杂货商
grocery n.杂货店
guide n.导游vt.指导
guilty adj.内疚的，有罪的
haircut n.理发；发型，发式
hammer n.锤子 vt.锤击
handkerchief n.手帕
handle n.柄，把手vt.处理
happiness n.幸福；满足
harbour n.港
hard-working adj. 勤劳
hardship n.艰难，困苦
harm n.伤害，损害vt.损害
harmony n.协调，和谐
harvest n.收获，收成vt.收割
headmaster n. 英国中小学校长，男舍监
hesitate vi.犹豫，踌躇
highway n.公路，大路
hire vt.雇用
honey n.蜜，蜂蜜，甜，甜蜜
hopeless adj.没有希望的，绝望的
horrible adj. 可怕的，极可憎的，极可厌的
host n.主人，东道主
identity n.身分，相同vt.确定身份
ignore vt.不顾，不理，忽视
illegal adj.非法的
immediate adj.立即的，直接的
immigrate v.移民
import vt.n.输入，进口
importance n.重要性
impress vt.给…深刻印象
income n.收入，收益
indeed adv.真正地，确实
independent adj.独立的，自主的
indicate vt.标示，表示，表明
infer vt.推论，推断，猜想
inform vt.通知，向…报告
innocent adj.清白的，幼稚的
insect n.昆虫
insert vt.插入，嵌入
inspire vt.鼓舞，给…以灵感
instant n.瞬间a.立即的
institute n.研究所，学院
instrument n.仪器，工具，乐器
insurance n.保险，保险费
intelligence n.智力，理解力，情报
intend vt.想要，打算，意指
interpret vt.解释，说明，口译
interpreter n.翻译
interrupt vt.打断，打扰，中止
jam n.果酱
jar n.罐子，坛子，广口瓶
jazz n.爵士音乐，爵士舞曲
journalist n.记者，新闻工作者
journey n.旅行，旅程
judge n.法官，裁判员
jungle n.丛林，密林
junior adj.年少的，地位较低的n.晚辈
justice n.正义，公正，司法
lack vt.缺乏，不足n.短缺的东西
ladder n.梯子
lately adv.最近
later adv.后来
latter adj.(两者中)后者的
lawyer n.律师
league n.同盟，联盟
leak vi.漏；泄露n.漏洞
lecture vi.演讲；讲课n.演讲；讲课
legal adj.合法的
length n.长度
less adj.更少的ad.更少地
liberate vt.解放，释放
librarian n.图书馆馆员
lifetime n.终身
lightning n.闪电
likely adj.可能的ad.很可能
limit vt.限制，限定n.限度，限制
link vt.连接n.联系
lip n.嘴唇
liquid n.液体a.液体的，流动的
literature n.文学(作品)
litre n.公升
living-room n.起居室
load vt.装，装满n.负载；负担
loaf n.一条面包
local adj.地方的n.局部
loose adj.宽松的；自由的
lorry n.卡车
loss n.遗失；失败；损失
luggage n.行李，皮箱
lung n.肺
mailbox n.邮箱
major vi.主修，专攻a.主要的，多数的n.专业
majority n.多数
male adj.男的，雄的
mankind n.人类
manner n.方式，态度；礼貌
march n.三月
mass n.大量；群众
material n.材料，原料；素材a.物质的
mathematics n.数学
matter n.事情；物质vi.要紧，有关系
maximum n.最大量a.最大的
means n.方法，手段
meanwhile adv.同时，当时
measure vt.量，测量n.测量；措施
medal n.奖章，纪念章
media n. 媒体
mental adj.智力的；精神的
menu n.菜单
merchant n.商人
模拟练习
02
thanks
