2025北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习题--UNIT 3　五年高考练（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册
UNIT 3　CONSERVATION
五年高考练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023全国甲,D)
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere(敬畏)them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,”says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions(预防)aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
1.How do Americans look at grizzlies
A.They cause mixed feelings in people.　　　　　　
B.They should be kept in national parks.
C.They are of high scientific value.　　　　　　
D.They are a symbol of American culture.
2.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population
A.The European settlers' behavior.　　　　　　
B.The expansion of bears' range.
C.The protection by law since 1975.　　　　　　
D.The support of Native Americans.
3.What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies
A.The opposition of conservation groups.　　　　　　
B.The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C.The voice of the biologists.　　　　　　
D.The local farmers' advocates.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Food should be provided for grizzlies.　　　　　　
B.People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C.A special path should be built for grizzlies.　　　　　　
D.Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
派生/合成词汇
1.conflict n.不一致;冲突,争执v.冲突,抵触→　　　　 adj.感到矛盾的
2.biology n.生物学→　　　　 n.生物学家
3.continue v.持续,继续存在;继续做→　　　　 adj.不断的,持续的
4.recover v.恢复→　　　　 n.恢复
5.loose adj.未严加控制的;宽松的→　　　　 v.放松
6.re-occupy v.　　　　　7.overturn v.　　　　
8.campsite n.　　　　　9.attractant-free adj.　　　　
熟词生义
10.flood v.　　　　 　11.rough adj.　　　　　12.quarter n.　　　　
Ⅱ.七选五
(2021全国甲)
Swap, Don't Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources(资源)to make, and buying loads of new clothing(or throwing out old clothing)is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor 　1　. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do!Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 　2　, and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●　3　. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 　4　. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 　5　. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
派生词汇
1.select v.挑选→　　　　 n.可供选择的事物;挑选
2.organize v.安排;组织→　　　　 n.安排;组织工作;组织
3.control v.控制→controllable adj.可控制的→　　　　 adj.无法控制的
熟词生义
4.can n.　　　　 　5.score v.　　　　
答案与分层梯度式解析
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是说明文,主题语境为人与动物。本文介绍了美国濒危动物灰熊的特征、生存区域、濒危原因和现状,以及与人们的相处等。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams”可知,美国人对灰熊有着矛盾的心态,灰熊既令他们心生敬畏,又给他们带来可怕的梦境。由此可知,灰熊引起美国人复杂的情感。故选A。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By the early 1970s...600 to 800 grizzlies remained”和“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.”和第四段第二句“Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.”可知,1975年,被列入《濒危物种法》的灰熊数量恢复很成功,所以正是这部法律的颁布有助于灰熊数量的增长。故选C。
3.A　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息“stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies”可定位到第四段。根据“Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.”可知,由于保护组织的诉讼,将灰熊从法律保护名单上除名的努力都被推翻了。故选A。
4.B　推理判断题。最后一段讲到了灰熊给人类带来的危害和人们对灰熊的防范,其中提到人类生活的区域如果没有引诱灰熊的东西,灰熊一般会径直路过,而不带来麻烦,由此可推断,人类与灰熊是能够和谐共处的。故选B。
【高考词汇站】　1.conflicted　2.biologist　3.continuous
4.recovery　5.loosen　6.重新占领　7.推翻　8.野营地
9.无引诱物的　10.大量涌入　11.粗略的,大致的
12.宿舍,住房
长难句　
原句　Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.
分析　本句是主从复合句。so...that...引导结果状语从句;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies。
译文　它们的恢复非常成功,以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局曾两次试图将灰熊除名,这将放松法律保护,允许它们被猎杀。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自然,主题语境内容是自然保护。作者主要描述了如何交换衣服,从而实现保护环境的目的。
1.B　细节句。设空处位于段中,关注词汇复现、词汇对应和代词指代。设空处前一句提出问题,设空处应该作出回答,根据标题中的“Swap”及第一段中不断出现的关键词“clothing”,我们可以快速锁定B项,设空处后一句中的代词“It”指的是举办服饰交换聚会这件事。
2.A　细节句。设空处位于段中,关注代词指代及句式对应。根据设空处前句提到的“邀请5至10人”及设空处后面的“there may not be enough things to choose from”及“more than that”可知,“邀请5至10人”与A选项“Less people than that”相呼应,that指代5至10人这一信息,“there may not be enough things to choose from”则是“Less people than that”所产生的后果,与“it becomes uncontrollable”形成对比。
3.G　主旨句。设空处位于段首,关注词汇对应、句子位置功能和上下文的逻辑关系。设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致,即应是祈使句。G选项中的“everyone”与设空处后句的主语“They”相对应。此外,设空处后句的“also”表明前后是并列关系,说明此空有与“prepare”相关的动作,这一点与选项G中的“bring clean clothes in good condition”相符。
4.F　细节句。设空处位于段中,关注词汇同义替换以及前后句的逻辑关系。设空处前句表示将不同类型的衣物放置在房间的不同表面上,此处表示让前来交换衣物的朋友们将自己带来的衣物放置在正确的位置。前句中的“Put...on different surfaces”对应了F选项中的“put...in the right spots”,“surfaces”和“spots”两者说的都是位置,前后句之间衔接十分紧密,顺承关系明显。
5.D　细节句。设空处位于段中,关注前后句的逻辑关系。空前句为打开音乐,此空衔接上文,应是让音乐一直放着。“song”和“music”是同一范畴的词,再由空后的“And”可知,前后应该是并列关系,后文的“不要忘记把一些曲奇饼和水果摆好”以及“Remember, it's a party!”可知此处是与“party”相关的内容,选项D“让音乐一直播放着”符合语境。
【高考词汇站】　1.selection　2.organization
3.uncontrollable　4.(盛食品或饮料的)金属罐　5.得到
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