2025北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习题--U1 P1 LEARNING TO LEARN & TOPIC TALK（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册
UNIT 1　RELATIONSHIPS
Part 1　LEARNING TO LEARN & TOPIC TALK
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She has a 　　　　(侄子) who is just ten years of age.
2.Owing to her excellent 　　　　(品质), she was asked to deal with the emergency.
3.(2024广东东莞期中)I am 　　　　(外向的)and active, for which I think we can be good friends.
4.Bird 　　　　(流感) must be brought under control when it is still in its primary stage.
5.Memories of tears and laughter came flooding back as he visited his s　　　　school.
Ⅱ.选词填空
pass away, a series of, be close to, look forward to, fall behind
1.The student was ill but he didn't 　　　　　　in schoolwork.
2.The boy 　　　　　　 the offer from the university he dreams of.
3.Yuan Longping 　　　　　　 in 2021, which made many people sad.
4.He often organizes 　　　　　　 events and activities for school children.
5.The friend I 　　　　　　 is Mary, who helps me a lot.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.He expects to visit Beijing, a city which　　　　　(host) Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
2.(2023新课标Ⅱ)Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they 　　　　　(occasional) make salads for their entire schools.
3.Bad times make people　　　　　(grateful) than good times.
4.Mothers are often the ones who provide　　　　　(emotion) support for the family.
5.It is so wet there that the trees are　　　　　 (extreme)tall, some measuring over 90 meters high.
6.We are both 　　　　　(passion) about acting.
7.The profit forecasts of next year are said to be　　　　　(incredible) high.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.吉姆在同学中很受欢迎,因为他有幽默感。(sense)
Jim is very popular among his classmates because he 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
2.我写信的目的是想谢谢你的耐心帮助。(grateful)
I'm writing to say
I　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 your patient help.　
3.显然我们需要花时间维护我们和他人的关系。(clear)
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 we need to spend time in maintaining our relationships with others.
4.昨晚我们看了一部多么有趣的电影啊!
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 we watched last night!(what)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Your circle of friends may help you get a better reading of your overall health and wellness rather than just using wearable devices such as a Fitbit, according to researchers.
The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, analyzed what the structure of social networks says about the state of health, happiness and stress.“We were interested in the topology(拓扑学) of the social network—what my position within my social network predicts about my health and well-being,” said Nitesh V. Chawla, an educationalist at the University of Notre Dame in the US.“What we found was that the social network structure provides a significant improvement in predictability of wellness states of an individual over just using the data obtained from wearables, like the number of steps or heart rates,” Chawla said.
For the study, participants wore a Fitbit to capture health behaviour data about walking, sleeping, heart rates and the overall activity level. They also completed surveys and self-assessment of their stress, happiness and positivity.Chawla and his team then analyzed the data with a machine learning model, alongside the association and characteristics of an individual's social network.The study showed a strong correlation(关联) between social network structures, heart rates, the number of steps and the level of activity.Social network structures provided extraordinary improvement in predicting one's health and well-being in contrast to just looking at health behaviour data from the Fitbit alone.For example, when social network structures were combined with the data from wearables, the machine learning model achieved a 65 percent improvement in predicting happiness.The model also achieved a 54 percent improvement in predicting one's self-assessed health prediction, a 55 percent improvement in predicting the positive attitude and a 38 percent improvement in predicting success.
This study asserts(断言) that without social network information, we only have an incomplete view of an individual's wellness state. “To be fully predictive or to be able to obtain intervention(干预), it is critical to be aware of the social network,” Chawla said.
1.What did the study find
A.How people choose their friend circles.
B.What factors decide your friend circles.
C.How your circle of friends influences you.
D.What your circle of friends says about your health.
2.How did the researchers draw their conclusions
A.By comparing data.　　　　　　B.By giving examples.
C.By analyzing the cause and effect.　　　　　　D.By describing personal experiences.
3.What does the underlined word “critical” mean in the last paragraph
A.Easy.　　　B.Common.　　　C.Important.　　　D.Challenging.
4.What do Chawla's words in the last paragraph tell us
A.How fitness devices can connect your circle of friends.
B.A person's social network is part of his health picture.
C.The best ways to make friends and keep a healthy social circle.
D.The wearable devices are not useful for understanding someone's health.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024贵州六盘水期中)
How to Overcome a Bad First Impression
First impressions are important, but everyone has an off day or makes mistakes in social situations. 　1　. However, there are still practical tips you can follow to overcome a bad first impression.
Apologize. 　2　. Showing that you are aware of your mistake and willing to take steps to handle it can help improve the impression the other person has of you.
　3　. You don't want to make excuses, but it can be helpful to provide an honest explanation for why your first meeting went poorly. You might explain that you were nervous, or that you weren't feeling well. Whatever the cause, an honest explanation may help the other person better understand your situation.
Suggest another meeting. If you won't see them in another setting, ask if you can have another opportunity to let them get to see the real you. 　4　. For example, don't continue pursuing (追求) someone after they have told you they are not interested.
Show who you really are. If you do get another opportunity to handle a poor initial impression, make sure you show the qualities and strengths that you have and keep them in your future interactions. 　5　.
Overcoming a bad first impression takes time and effort. It's important to learn from the experience and apply those lessons when meeting new people.
A.Don't be nervous
B.Explain what happened
C.Changing how people think of you is not an easy job
D.Let the other person see the “real you” in actual situations
E.Make an apology if your first meeting was affected by a mistake
F.It's common that we may be misunderstood in daily communication
G.However, respect the other person's decision if they refuse your offer
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2022河南安阳一中阶段练习)
Let's take a flashback(闪回) to secondary school. I 　1　that there are very few people I graduated with that I actually keep in touch with. But if there is one person that I want to stay　2　 to, it would have to be my best friend Nathan.
Despite causing trouble in school we shared many 　3　 and times that I will never forget. From things like laughing for no reason to a paper airplane war in the library, I have shared my most 　4　 memories with him.
I believe your best friend in secondary school is one of the most 　5　 relationships you will have in life, and that 　6　should always be kept and never be broken. Even my mother has told me many times that she 　7　 I can keep in touch with him because she saw and 　8　 the special friendship that we share.
One thing I will always remember is his 　9　that I would fall during basketball games. I always thought it was 　10　, but after having experiences where I did fall during my freshman year of college it 　11　 me why his fear that I would fall was so great;he didn't want to see me get hurt because he　12　.
All in all, I have come to truly value the friendships that I do have, especially the 　13　 I have with Nathan.True friends can be 　14　to find but I know I got lucky and have a 　15　 friend like Nathan.
1.A.expect　　　　　　B.wonder
C.explain　　　　　　D.realize
2.A.close　B.similar　C.new　 D.clear
3.A.suggestions　　　　　　B.ideas
C.laughs　　　　　　D.skills
4.A.difficult　　　　　　B.valuable
C.crazy　　　　　　D.famous
5.A.important　　　　　　B.traditional
C.recent　　　　　　D.popular
6.A.information　　　　　　B.record
C.secret　　　　　　D.connection
7.A.guesses　　　　　　B.remembers
C.hopes　　　　　　D.doubts
8.A.knew　　　　　　B.forgot
C.shaped　　　　　　D.helped
9.A.problem　　　　　　B.fear
C.decision　　　　　　D.reason
10.A.different　　　　　　B.dangerous
C.unhealthy　　　　　　D.unnecessary
11.A.hurt　　　　　　B.hit
C.worried　　　　　　D.surprised
12.A.refused　　　　　　B.failed
C.cared　　　　　　D.changed
13.A.friendship　　　　　　B.interest
C.business　　　　　　D.patience
14.A.lucky　　　　　　B.impossible
C.easy　　　　　　D.hard
15.A.single　　　　　　B.true
C.young　　　　　　D.common
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.nephew　2.trait　3.outgoing　4.flu　5.secondary
Ⅱ.1.fall behind　2.looks forward to/is looking forward to　3.passed away　4.a series of　5.am close to
Ⅲ.1.hosted/has hosted　考查时态。设空处作从句的谓语,2022年北京冬季奥运会发生在过去,故用一般过去时或现在完成时(可以表示过去发生的事对现在的影响),故填hosted或has hosted。
2.occasionally　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词make,应用副词作状语,故填occasionally。
3.more grateful　考查形容词比较级。这句话表示“艰难的时光比顺利的时光更让人心存感激”,且空后为than,这里表示“更感激的”,故可知设空处需要填入比较级,故填more grateful。
类比启发　多音节的形容词变比较级一般在前面加more,单音节的形容词变比较级一般在单词后边加-er。
4.emotional　考查形容词。设空处位于名词support 之前,应用形容词作定语,这里表示“情感的”,故填emotional。
5.extremely　考查副词。设空处位于形容词tall之前,所以此处用副词作状语,修饰形容词。
6.passionate　考查固定短语。句意:我们都热爱表演。be passionate about sth. 热爱某事。
7.incredibly　考查副词。设空处位于形容词high之前,所以此处用副词作状语,修饰形容词。
Ⅳ.1.has a sense of humour　2.am grateful to you for
3.It's clear that　4.What an interesting movie/film
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明朋友圈有助于人们更完整、更客观地了解自己的健康状况,本文在此基础上介绍了社交网络对人际关系的影响。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Your circle of friends may help you get a better reading of your overall health and wellness”可知,你的朋友圈可能会帮助你更好地了解你的整体健康状况,故选D。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知,与Fitbit上的健康行为数据相比,研究也结合了社交网络结构所提供的幸福感预测、自我评估的健康预测、积极态度预测、成功预测等几个方面的数据,可以看出,研究人员是通过比较数据得出结论的,故选A。
3.C　词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“This study asserts(断言) that without social network information, we only have an incomplete view of an individual's wellness state.”可知,该研究称,如果没有社交网络信息,我们只能得到不完整的个人健康状况的信息。由此可推断,如果仅依靠某些数据平台的数据不能获得完整和客观的信息,还需要借助社交网络,所以此处指社交网络是非常重要的,故critical意为“重要的”,相当于important,故选C。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“To be fully predictive or to be able to obtain intervention(干预), it is critical to be aware of the social network(要想充分预测或者能够获得干预,了解社交网络非常重要)”可推断,最后一段中查瓦拉的话告诉我们一个人的社交网络是他的健康状况的一部分。故选B。
【高频词汇】　1.overall adj.总体的　2.analyze v.分析　3.structure n.结构;构造　4.predict vt.预测;预言;预报
5.significant adj.重要的;显著的　6.individual n.个人 adj.一个人的;单独的
【差距词汇】　predictability n.可预测性
长难句　
原句　The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, analyzed what the structure of social networks says about the state of health, happiness and stress.
分析　本句是主从复合句。主句主语为The study,主句谓语动词为analyzed,what引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语。published in the journal PLOS ONE是过去分词短语作定语,修饰study。
译文　这项发表在《公共科学图书馆·综合》杂志上的研究分析了社交网络结构对健康、幸福和压力状况的影响。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些克服糟糕的第一印象的方法。
1.C　前文“First impressions are important, but everyone has an off day or makes mistakes in social situations.”引出第一印象的话题,说明每个人都有可能留下糟糕的第一印象,后文“However, there are still practical tips you can follow to overcome a bad first impression.”提出有办法克服糟糕的第一印象,因此C项“改变别人对你的看法不是一件容易的事”符合语境,起到过渡的作用,和后文构成转折关系。故选C。
2.E　前文“Apologize.”建议去道歉,后文“Showing that you are aware of your mistake and willing to take steps to handle it can help improve the impression the other person has of you.”解释说明道歉的作用,因此E项“如果你的第一次会面受到了错误的影响,就道歉”符合语境,承接前文,引出后文的解释,其中的“apology”与前文的“Apologize”呼应,“mistake”与后文的“mistake”一致。故选E。
3.B　后文“You don't want to make excuses, but it can be helpful to provide an honest explanation for why your first meeting went poorly.”主要围绕解释原因展开,因此B项“解释发生了什么”符合语境,契合后文内容,其中的“Explain”与后文的“explanation”呼应。故选B。
4.G　前文“If you won't see them in another setting, ask if you can have another opportunity to let them get to see the real you.”建议争取一个让他们看到真实的自己的机会,后文“For example, don't continue pursuing someone after they have told you they are not interested.”举例说明不要穷追不舍,因此G项“然而,如果别人拒绝你的建议的话,尊重他们的决定”符合语境,建议要尊重他人的决定,与前文构成转折关系,引出后文的例子。故选G。
5.D　前文“If you do get another opportunity to handle a poor initial impression, make sure you show the qualities and strengths that you have and keep them in your future interactions.”建议展示自己拥有的品质和优势,因此D项“让别人在实际情况下看到‘真实的你’”符合语境,强调呈现真实的自己,承接前文。故选D。
【高频词汇】　1.impression n.印象;影响　2.situation n.局面,情况,形势,状况　3.be aware of 知道,意识到;发现,察觉到　4.improve v.改进,改善　5.setting n.环境,背景　6.opportunity n.机会,时机
【熟词生义】　lesson n.教训
【差距词汇】　initial adj.最初的,开始的
长难句　
原句　Showing that you are aware of your mistake and willing to take steps to handle it can help improve the impression the other person has of you.
分析　本句为主从复合句。Showing that you are aware of your mistake and willing to take steps to handle it 为动名词短语作主语,其中含有that引导的宾语从句;the other person has of you为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰先行词the impression。
译文　 表明你意识到自己的错误,并愿意采取措施来处理它,可以帮助改善别人对你的印象。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述作者很幸运能有Nathan这个真正的朋友。
1.D　考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“Let's take a flashback to secondary school.”可知,作者在回忆中学时代,突然意识到自己和一起毕业的人很少有真正保持联系的。故选D项。
2.A　考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“it would have to be my best friend Nathan”可推知,最好的朋友是想保持亲密的。故选A项。
3.C　考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“From things like laughing for no reason to a paper airplane war in the library, I have shared my most 　4　 memories with him.”可知,“我们”分享了许多欢笑。故选C项。
4.B　考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“Despite causing trouble in school we shared many　3　and times that I will never forget.”可知,“我”永远不会忘记和他在一起的时光,所以这份记忆是宝贵的。故选B项。
5.A　考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“your best friend in secondary school”可推知,中学最好的朋友是你生活中最重要的关系之一。故选A项。
6.D　考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“Even my mother has told me many times that she　7　I can keep in touch with him”可知,这里指那种关系应该永远保持。故选D项。
7.C　考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“because she saw and　8　the special friendship that we share”可知,“我”母亲看到并知道“我们”之间的特殊友谊,所以她希望“我”能和他保持联系。故选C项。
8.A　考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“Even my mother has told me many times that she 　7　 I can keep in touch with him”可知,“我”母亲希望“我”能和他保持联系,因为“我”母亲看到并知道“我们”之间的特殊友谊。故选A项。
9.B　考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“why his fear that I would fall was so great”可知,是他害怕“我”在篮球比赛中摔倒。故选B项。
10.D　考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“but after having experiences where I did fall during my freshman year of college it　11　me why his fear that I would fall was so great”可知,此处表转折,“我”明白了为什么他对“我”摔倒的担忧如此强烈,所以之前“我”觉得是不必要的。故选D项。
11.B　考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“I always thought it was　10　”可知,刚开始“我”认为这是没有必要的,但后来“我”真的摔倒了,“我”突然明白了。故选B项。
12.C　考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“he didn't want to see me get hurt”可知,他不想看到“我”受伤,因为他在乎“我”。故选C项。
13.A　考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“I have come to truly value the friendships that I do have”可知,“我”开始珍惜“我”所拥有的友谊,尤其是“我”与内森的友谊。故选A项。
14.D　考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“but I know I got lucky and have a　15　 friend like Nathan”以及常识可知,真正的朋友是很难找到的。故选D项。
15.B　考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“True friends can be　14　 to find”可知,“我”很幸运,有内森这个真正的朋友。故选B项。
【高频词汇】　1.graduate v.中学毕业 n.毕业生　2.keep in touch with与……保持联系　3.special adj.特殊的;重要的　4.experience n.经历;经验 v.经历;感受　5.value v.重视,珍视;给……估价 n.价值(观);重要性
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)