2025北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习题--UNIT 3　Part 3　LESSON 2 WAR ON PLASTIC PACKETS（含答案与解析））

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册
UNIT 3　CONSERVATION
Part 3　LESSON 2 WAR ON PLASTIC PACKETS
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I'll take these two skirts. Please　　　　(包) them up for me.
2.Many foreigners are used to using　　　　(筷子) when they are in China.
3.Beijing has had the city 　　　　(委员会) to pass a law forbidding smoking in public places.
4.(2021浙江)Each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor, providing company and t　　　　.
Ⅱ.选词填空
set out, do away with, end up, focus on, in action
1.　　　　　　the bad habits that might damage your health.
2.It is reported that a local naval(海军的)flier missed　　　　　　.
3.If you don't know what you want, you might　　　　　　 getting something you don't want.
4.(2024河南南阳一中月考)After spending a long time in hospital, Wheatley 　　　　　　 to find comfort and healing in nature.
5.It took an extraordinary effort for him to　　　　　　preparing for his classes or correcting his students' homework.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.It is a shame to be so　　　　　(waste).
2.Jack still can't help being anxious　　　　　 his job interview.
3.Cloth bags are　　　　　(reuse), so they are environmentally friendly.
4.The price increases were passed on by the firm to　　　　　
(consume).
5.(2023新课标Ⅱ)The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental 　　　　　(aware) and healthy lifestyles.
6.It is selling very well, in part because the　　　　　(package) is so attractive.
7.I have reached a point in my life 　　　　　 I am supposed to make up my mind.
8.Compared with abstract art, I have a preference for 　　　　　(reality) art.
9.With new technology applied to art, more and more　　　　　
(innovate) works will be created.
10.Mr Smith owns a larger　　　　　(collect) of coins than anyone else I have ever met.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.拥有均衡的饮食有助于保持我们的身体正常运行。
Having a balanced diet helps 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
　　　　.
2.It's a good idea for you to keep a diary while you are travelling in the area.(句型转换)
→It's a good idea for you to keep a diary while　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.
3.简不知道怎样才能提高她的汉语水平。(一句多译)
①Jane doesn't know　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her Chinese.
②Jane doesn't know　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her Chinese.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2023浙江余姚中学期中)
Peruvian firefighters were fighting to control a forest fire near Machu Picchu on Thursday, as the flames threatened to close in on the ancient city high in the Andes Mountains.
Machu Picchu, a site of Inca ruins sitting on top of a mountain, was built in the mid-15th century by the Incas,whose empire controlled large areas of South America from what is today southern Ecuador to central Chile. Considered as one of the new seven wonders of the world, it is a top tourist attraction in Cusco, Peru.
The fire, which had damaged an area about half the size of Vatican City, was started on June 28, 2022 by farmers burning grass to prepare to plant new seeds. Since Tuesday, about 20 hectares had been affected by the fire, the mayor of the nearby city of Cusco said.
The fire's remoteness has greatly influenced firefighting efforts. “We have already been fighting the forest fire for two days and it has not been possible to get it under control, for the area is quite far away and hard to reach,” said Roberto Abarca, director of the Cusco Risk Management and Security Office.
Some 600 firefighters and volunteers battled the fire, and helicopters dropped retardants(阻燃剂) in front of the flames to prevent them from spreading to archaeological(考古学的) sites. “The fire has left the critical zone where there are ancient monuments, but is still burning fiercely,” the government said.
While South America's top archaeological treasure was safe from the fire, experts feared the destruction of thousands of acres of nearby forest would damage Machu Picchu's attraction to tourists.
1.What can be learned about Machu Picchu
A.It has a history of a thousand years.
B.How and why it was built remains unknown.
C.It covers an area from southern Ecuador to central Chile.
D.It is regarded as one of the new seven wonders of the world.
2.What do we know about the fire from the passage
A.It was put out before it reached archaeological sites.
B.Its remoteness added to the difficulty of firefighting.
C.It was started when farmers were planting new seeds.
D.It affected about 20 hectares of Machu Picchu altogether.
3.How does the writer show the seriousness of the fire
A.By using numbers.　　　　　　B.By giving definitions.
C.By providing examples.　　　　　　D.By making comparisons.
4.Where is the passage probably taken from
A.A story collection.　　　　　　B.A tourist brochure.
C.A weekly newspaper.　　　　　　D.A geography magazine.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2022福建龙岩一中月考)
Everyone hates being stuck in a traffic jam, but sadly, many people have to deal with it every day. Whether you're the driver or a passenger, there are steps you can take to help you handle it.
　1　 This will help if you're stuck in a long traffic jam and get hungry, and it's honestly a pretty good time waster, too. Try to bring food that won't make a mess in the car! If you're drinking anything sugary or sweet, be careful of spilling(洒出).
Play a road game. Playing a road game is a great way to get rid of boredom. 　2　 I Spy is a very popular road game where you say “I spy with my little eye. Something that is...” and you say the colour of the object you've chosen, and the others have to guess what it is.
Take a deep breath. 　3　 If you don't feel comfortable in a serious traffic jam where the cars aren't moving at all, just roll down the window or even open the door (if it's safe to do so), and take a deep breath beside your car for a second. This can help you feel better if you're carsick.
　4　 There are plenty of other things you can do while being stuck in a traffic jam! Ask the driver to go to a good radio station and start calling in and get involved. No matter who's watching you, sing along to the song on the radio at the top of your voice and dance around in your seat to the song! Start a conversation with the person next to you in the car! 　5　
A.Get creative with your free time.
B.Pack some snacks before you go.
C.Talk to your doctor about carsickness.
D.Many people experience carsickness in a long journey.
E.Try thinking about something important in the traffic jam.
F.There are lots of games that are fun and enjoyable for everyone!
G.Pretend you know him/her and start by saying, “I haven't seen you for ages!”
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2023山东名校联考期中)
It was a turtle that changed Victoria Cairns, a headteacher from Derbyshire. She was 　1　 in Bali underwater when she saw one of the island's famous 　2　. It approached her in the crystal clear water, and she was 　3　 at first—until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth. She just thought humans were having a destroying 　4　 on the environment.
She set up an anti-litter social media account to 　5　 awareness of the damage caused by 　6　 pollution. She regularly picks up litter around her neighbourhood. “She's done amazing work to keep the area clean, tidy and beautiful,” says her friend.
Cairns keeps a litter-picker in her car, and will frequently 　7　 on the way back from work to clean something up. When running, Cairns carries a 　8　 litter-picker in her backpack, and picks up rubbish on her cool-down walk.
“Some people don't 　9　 things. There's no value in a plastic bag, so they 　10　 it away, not into the bin but on the earth somewhere. It means they are doing it when people aren't 　11　, as they know it's unacceptable.”
When she collects plastic bottles and carrier bags, it feels like a small act of care: this bag will not end up 　12　 a turtle's mouth. It is a(n) 　13　 small act in the scheme of things, but it's something.
Cairns makes a 　14　 to her surroundings. She has been litter-picking in the 　15　 near her house. “It's so beautiful. You get a different perspective being on the water,” she says.
1.A.skiing　　　　　　B.running
C.diving　　　　　　D.jogging
2.A.sharks　　　　　　B.turtles
C.whales　　　　　　D.dolphins
3.A.delighted　　　　　　B.frightened
C.embarrassed　　　　　　D.disappointed
4.A.mercy　　　　　　B.impact
C.attack　　　　　　D.dependence
5.A.risk　　　　　　B.learn
C.raise　　　　　　D.lessen
6.A.air　　　　　　B.noise
C.water　　　　　　D.plastic
7.A.cheer up　　　　　　B.give away
C.pull over　　　　　　D.break down
8.A.heavy　　　　　　B.portable
C.comfortable　　　　　　D.complex
9.A.value　　　　　　B.change
C.protect　　　　　　D.store
10.A.put　　　　　　B.blow
C.take　　　　　　D.throw
11.A.working　　　　　　B.thinking
C.noticing　　　　　　D.wandering
12.A.in　　　B.from　　　C.as　　　D.on
13.A.frankly　　　　　　B.extremely
C.anxiously　　　　　　D.cautiously
14.A.move　　　　　　B.choice
C.decision　　　　　　D.difference
15.A.canal　　　　　　B.mountain
C.bus　　　　　　D.forest
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.wrap　2.chopsticks　3.council　4.transportation
Ⅱ.1.Do away with　2.in action　3.end up　4.set out　5.focus on
Ⅲ.1.wasteful　考查形容词。根据空前的be so可知设空处应用形容词作表语。故填wasteful。
2.about　考查介词。be anxious about意为“对……焦虑”,为固定搭配。故填about。
3.reusable　考查形容词。根据语境及空前的are可知,此处表达“布包是可以重复使用的”,应用形容词作表语。故填reusable。
4.consumers　考查名词复数。设空处作介词to的宾语,应用名词;根据语境可知,此处指消费者,应用名词consumer;consumer是可数名词,空前没有限定词修饰,所以应用复数。故填consumers。
5.awareness　考查名词。设空处前有形容词,and连接并列成分,skills和lifestyles都是名词,所以设空处用名词,awareness为不可数名词。故填awareness。句意:该计划旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。
6.packaging　考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the可知此处用名词作主语。句意:它卖得非常好,部分原因是包装非常吸引人。
7.where/when　考查定语从句。句意:我已经到了人生中应该下定决心的位置/时候了。结合句意可知此处应为定语从句,修饰先行词point,关系词在从句中作地点或时间状语,应用关系副词where或when。
8.realistic　考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语,修饰名词,故填realistic。句意:与抽象艺术相比,我更喜欢现实主义艺术。
9.innovative　考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语,修饰名词,故填innovative。
10.collection　考查名词。句意:史密斯先生拥有的硬币收藏品比我曾经见过的其他任何人都要多。a collection of...表示“……的收藏品”。
Ⅳ.1.keep our body working well　2.travelling in the area
3.①how she can improve　②how to improve
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了发生于秘鲁马丘比丘附近的一场森林大火。
1.D　 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Considered as one of the new seven wonders of the world, it is a top tourist attraction in Cusco, Peru.”可知,马丘比丘被认为是世界新七大奇迹之一。故选D。
2.B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The fire's remoteness has greatly influenced firefighting efforts.”可知,由于地处偏远,这大大增加了灭火的难度。故选B。
3.A　 推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,这场大火烧毁了约半个梵蒂冈城大小的区域,约有二十公顷的土地受到火灾影响。由此推知,作者是用数字显示了火灾的严重性。故选A。
4.C　 推理判断题。根据文章第一段和第三段可知,文章主要讲述的是2022年6月28日在马丘比丘附近开始的一场森林大火的情况,故文章最可能是一篇新闻报道,应选自周报。故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.attraction n.向往的地方;有吸引力的事
2.prepare v.使(自己)有准备　3.fiercely adv.猛烈地;凶猛地
【差距词汇】　1.empire n.帝国;企业集团
2.remoteness n.远离,遥远
长难句　
原句　The fire, which had damaged an area about half the size of Vatican City, was started on June 28, 2022 by farmers burning grass to prepare to plant new seeds.
分析　本句是主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词The fire;burning grass to prepare to plant new seeds为现在分词短语作后置定语。
译文　2022年6月28日,农民焚烧草准备种植新的种子时引发了大火,这场大火烧毁了约半个梵蒂冈城大小的区域。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了遇到交通堵塞时可以做的几件事情。
1.B　主旨句。设空处位于段首,应为本段的主旨句。B项中的“snacks”与本段中的“hungry”“food”“drinking”等信息相呼应,符合语境。故选B。
2.F　细节句。根据本段的主旨句“Play a road game.”和空前句“Playing a road game is a great way to get rid of boredom.”可知,本段介绍的是玩游戏。F项中的“games”与上文相呼应,符合语境。故选F。
3.D　细节句。根据下文“If you don't feel comfortable in a serious traffic jam...and take a deep breath beside your car for a second. This can help you feel better if you're carsick.”可知,这里在介绍如果交通堵塞时晕车怎么办。D项中的“carsickness”与下文中的“carsick”相呼应,符合语境。故选D。
易错归因　本题易错选C项。虽然C项中也提到了“carsickness”,但本段未提到与医生交流的具体信息。因此C项错误。
4.A　主旨句。设空处位于段首,应为本段的主旨句。根据空后句“There are plenty of other things you can do while being stuck in a traffic jam!”可知,本段讲的是遇到交通堵塞时我们可以做的其他事情;下文接着讲了一些我们可以做的有意思的事。结合选项可知,A项“用空闲时间发挥创意”符合语境。故选A。
5.G　细节句。根据空前句“Start a conversation with the person next to you in the car!”可推测,接下来要讲你如何开始一段谈话,所以G项“假装你认识他/她,通过说:‘我好久没见你了!’开始。”符合语境。故选G。
【高频词汇】　1.handle v.处理;应付　2.comfortable adj.舒服的;舒适的　3.conversation n.交谈;谈话
4.creative adj.有创造力的　5.pretend v.假装;佯装
长难句　
原句　If you don't feel comfortable in a serious traffic jam where the cars aren't moving at all, just roll down the window or even open the door (if it's safe to do so), and take a deep breath beside your car for a second.
分析　本句是主从复合句。If引导条件状语从句;where引导定语从句,修饰先行词a serious traffic jam;括号里if引导条件状语从句。
译文　如果你在严重的交通堵塞中感觉不舒服,车根本就不动了,只需摇下车窗,甚至打开车门(如果这样做安全的话),在你的车旁边深呼吸一会儿。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Cairns在一次潜水中发现了一只被塑料噎住的海龟。从那之后,她创办了一个抵制垃圾的社交媒体账号,告诉人们不能随便丢弃塑料垃圾。她自己也经常捡塑料垃圾来保护环境。
1.C　考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“in Bali underwater”可知,Cairns在巴厘岛潜水。dive潜水。故选C。
2.B　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“It was a turtle that changed Victoria Cairns, a headteacher from Derbyshire.”可知,Cairns在潜水时看到了一只海龟。turtle海龟。故选B。
3.A　考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“It approached her in the crystal clear water”可知,Cairns在清澈透明的水中看到一只海龟朝她游过来,起初感到非常高兴。故选A。delighted高兴的;frightened害怕的;embarrassed尴尬的;disappointed失望的。
4.B　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth”可知,看到海龟嘴里的塑料袋,Cairns认为人类对环境产生了破坏性的影响。impact影响。故选B。
5.C　考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“awareness of”可知,Cairns创办抵制垃圾的社交媒体账号是为了提高人们对塑料污染造成的破坏的意识。raise awareness of“提高(人们)对……的意识”。故选C。
6.D　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“she saw the plastic bag in its mouth”可知,此处是提高人们对塑料污染造成的破坏的意识。故选D。
7.C　考查动词短语辨析。根据空前的“in her car”和空后的“on the way back from work to clean something up”可知,Cairns每天下班在回家的途中都靠边停车,下来捡塑料垃圾。故选C。cheer up振奋起来;give away赠送;pull over靠边停车;break down发生故障。
8.B　考查形容词词义辨析。根据空后的“in her backpack”可知,Cairns在她背包里带着便携式垃圾捡拾器。portable便携式的。故选B。
9.A　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“There's no value in a plastic bag”可知,人们觉得塑料袋没有了价值,所以就不重视它。value重视。故选A。
10.D　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“There's no value in a plastic bag”可知,塑料袋没有了价值,人们就会扔掉它。故选D。
11.C　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“as they know it's unacceptable”可知,因为他们知道这是不能接受的,所以他们在人们没有注意到的时候这样做。故选C。
12.A　考查介词词义辨析。根据空后的“a turtle's mouth”可知,她感觉塑料袋不会再进入海龟的嘴里。故选A。
13.B　考查副词词义辨析。根据空后的“small act in the scheme of things, but it's something”可知,捡塑料垃圾是一个非常小的行为,但是它非常有意义。故选B。frankly坦率地;extremely非常;anxiously焦急地;cautiously谨慎地。
14.D　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“‘It's so beautiful. You get a different perspective being on the water,’she says.”可知,Cairns的行为起了作用。make a difference有作用,有影响。故选D。
15.A　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“on the water”可知,Cairns是在家附近的运河里捡垃圾,这样人们才会看到美丽的河流。canal运河。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.approach v.靠近,接近　2.account n.账户,账号　3.amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的,令人惊喜的
4.frequently adv.频繁地,经常　5.make a difference有作用,有影响
【差距词汇】　the scheme of things 格局;心中的安排
长难句　
原句　It means they are doing it when people aren't noticing, as they know it's unacceptable.
分析　本句是主从复合句。means后是省略了that的宾语从句,宾语从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句;as引导原因状语从句,其中know后是省略了that的宾语从句。
译文　这意味着他们在人们没有注意到的时候这样做,因为他们知道这是不能接受的。
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