2025北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练习题--UNIT 3　Part 4　LESSON 3 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册
UNIT 3　CONSERVATION
Part 4　LESSON 3 THE ROAD TO DESTRUCTION
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.In the past two　　　　(十年), great changes have taken place in our country.
2.(2023全国乙)Pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful 　　　　(气体), such as carbon dioxide.
3.(2022新高考Ⅰ)We were s　　　　 in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1.Five of us were jammed into one small car.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
2.Up to 3,000 former employees have filed(提起) personal injury suits against the company.
词性:　　　　 词义:　　　　
Ⅲ.选词填空
stressed out, be related to, go up, compared to, be addicted to
1.The topic you choose must　　　　　　 your studies.
2.If costs　　　　　　, there will be an increase in prices.
3.I went through about four years of　　　　　　 video games.
4.I've had some difficulties, but they are nothing　　　　　　 yours.
5.These students were　　　　　　, having to cope with too much homework and too many demands.
Ⅳ.单句语法填空
1.We drove to the airport the next morning to pick　　　　　 Susan.
2.(2020北京)People who 　　　　　(regular) practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively.
3.From the　　　　　(annoy) look on her face, we knew that she was quite mad about what her son had done.
4.I was very　　　　　(anger) with myself for making such a stupid mistake.
5.If　　　　　(cancer) are found early, there is a high opportunity for survival.
6.It usually takes me 20 minutes 　　　　　(get) home by bus.
7.Finally they climbed to the top of the mountain, 　　　　　(tire) and thirsty.
8.I enjoyed my stay in the library 　　　　　 I could read various books I was interested in.
9.(2024河北衡水二中三调)There will be times 　　　　　 things are hard, but never give up and you'll succeed.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.英语老师强调了学好英语的重要性。(stress)
The English teacher 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
　　　　 English well.
2.由于伊莎贝尔擅长研究,而彼得总是有说话的天赋,所以他们合作得很好。
As Isabel was good at researching　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, they cooperated quite well.(读后续写—人物描写)
3.毫无疑问,小麦的价格将会下降。(一句多译)
①　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the price of wheat will go down.
②　　　　 　　　　, the price of wheat will go down.
4.The boy was addicted to computer games, so he didn't want to study.(句式升级)
→　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the boy didn't want to study.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
With so many roadworks on the road, quite often we　1　(stick) in traffic jams. That's why we often get to our office, tired and 　2　(annoy). Over the last two decades, the number of cars on the road 　3　(go) up by 25% in Britain, and vehicle accidents have also increased greatly, 　4　 result in lots of deaths. Besides, too much traffic means too much air pollution.
　5　(keep) such a bad tendency under control, we ought to take action 　6　(immediate) so as to make a difference. Instead of 　7　(drive) our cars, we can walk or ride a bike for short journeys. 　8　 addition, we can use public transport or share our cars with others. Also, we are supposed to think 　9　 we set out. Is it necessary for us to go there Can we buy 　10　(thing) in the shop around the corner In this way, we can contribute a lot to our Mother Earth. So, don't just sit around and complain! Do whichever of these things that suit you.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024河南开封联考第一次月考)
The Great Wall, running for more than 20,000 kilometers, is a historical landmark with worldwide fame, but 　1　(climb) it is hard. Everyone may have some knowledge of it, but only a handful of people may have the skill to 　2　 (physical) participate in its restoration.
However, a WeChat miniprogram, Great Wall E-tour, is allowing every enthusiast to be a hero in a virtual world, in 　3　 one not only visits the Great Wall, but also protects it. So far the program 　4　(attract) considerable attention and got a large fan base. Around 50,000 high-definition pictures of the Xipanjiakou site of the Great Wall are used to offer users a 　5　 (remark) experience.
Liu Yuzhu, head of China Foundation For Cultural Heritage Conservation, says, “We made documentaries and published animated books in the past. These are popular, but the Great Wall is 　6　 complex structure and deserves more attention. So we tried something new.” Liu also adds, “A series of 　7　 (program) like ours have been launched in China, with a combination 　8　 public education and restoration of relics through digitization.” The Great Wall 　9　 (list) as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987, the first of 　10　 (it) kind in China.
As a Chinese, I feel extremely proud.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2022河南联盟期末)
More and more birds are flying to settle in Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes in China, thanks to the conservation efforts of the local government. Covering an area of over 4,000 square kilometers, Qinghai Lake is also the country's biggest salt water lake.
Located in Qinghai Province of northwest China, the lake is famous for the two islands at its northwest point—Cormorant Island and Egg Island. The two islands have plenty of float grass and varied kinds of fish, offering rich food sources to birds. The islands have become a paradise for different kinds of groups of birds and have been called “Bird Island”.
Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(高原) start to melt, over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Island to lay eggs. During the months, flocks of birds cover the whole sky over the island and bird eggs can be found everywhere. Visitors can hear the singing of birds from miles away. These have become a world-famous symbol of the lake.
To protect this paradise for birds and support calls for ecological protection, China set up the Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve at the end of 1997. Meanwhile, the State has pointed out that the Bird Island and Spring Bay of Qinghai Lake were central reserves.
Inspectors and conservators often patrol(巡查) the lake, enriching local residents' knowledge of related laws and spreading knowledge about animal protection to visitors. They are making great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birds. At the same time, they have built special fences around the island area to prevent wolves, foxes and other carnivorous(食肉的) animals, as well as illegal hunters from breaking up the birds' building nests, laying eggs and breeding(繁殖). As a result, more and more birds are coming to the islands for shelter and breeding.
1.Why are more and more birds coming to the biggest salt water lake in northwest China
A.It is being reformed.
B.It is getting warmer and warmer.
C.The people there are becoming richer and richer.
D.The environment is getting more agreeable for them to live in.
2.What do the birds feed on
A.Corn from the local farmers.
B.Salt water and plenty of grains.
C.Floating fish and various kinds of grass.
D.Grass growing in the water and different kinds of fish.
3.What can be inferred from the text
A.Visitors can see the birds from miles away.
B.Over 20 kinds of birds come to the Bird Islands before March.
C.The government has taken many measures to protect the district.
D.Flocks of birds fly up to the whole sky over the islands to lay eggs.
4.Where is the text most probably taken from
A.A newspaper.　　　B.A document.　　　C.A storybook.　　　D.A science book.
B
(2022安徽省六安第一中学期末)
Walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if you had been there around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now, no one has reached a satisfying answer.
Rainforests like the Amazon rainforest are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to solve global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon rainforest take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year, equal to the total amount of CO2 given off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon rainforest react to the future climate change If it gets drier, will it survive and continue to draw down CO2 Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.
Unfortunately, collecting information is incredibly difficult. To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen(花粉) kept in lake mud. Going back to the last ice age means drilling down into lake sediment(沉积物), which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery. There are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes. Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the rainforest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled(未取样). So far, only a handful of cores have been drilled to go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacted to climate change.
5.How do scientists study the past climate
A.By drilling down deep into land sediment.
B.By analyzing fossilized pollen in lake mud.
C.By taking samples from rivers in the Amazon rainforest.
D.By predicting climate change in the future.
6.What is needed for drilling down into lake sediment
A.The narrow path.　　　　　　B.The light machinery.
C.The latest helicopter.　　　　　　D.The specialized equipment.
7.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A.To call on people to protect rainforests.
B.To attract more people's attention to CO2.
C.To inform people of how scientists work on rainforests.
D.To warn people to stay away from the danger of rainforests.
8.What can be the best title for the text
A.The Mystery of the Rainforest　　　　　　
B.Changes of the Rainforest
C.Climates of the Rainforest　　　　　　
D.The History of the Rainforest
答案与分层梯度式解析
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.decades　2.gas(es)　3.stuck
Ⅱ.1.动词;挤进,塞进　句意:我们五个人被塞进一辆小汽车里。
2.名词;诉讼　句意:多达三千名前雇员已对该公司提起了个人伤害诉讼。
Ⅲ.1.be related to　2.go up　3.being addicted to
4.compared to　5.stressed out
Ⅳ.1.up　考查固定短语。根据语境可知,此处指“(开车)接人”,pick up符合语境。故填up。
2.regularly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词practise,应用副词作状语。故填regularly。
3.annoyed　考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词look,应用形容词作定语;修饰人的表情时应用以-ed结尾的形容词。故填annoyed。
4.angry　考查形容词。句意:我很生自己的气,因为犯了这样愚蠢的错误。be angry with sb. for sth.因某事而生某人的气。故填angry。
5.cancers　考查名词复数。根据谓语动词的提示可知此处用名词复数。故填cancers。
6.to get　考查固定句式。It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”。其中It为形式主语,后面的不定式短语为真正的主语。
7.tired　考查形容词作状语。句意:最后,他们爬到了山顶,又累又渴。分析句子结构可知此处用形容词作状语。
8.where　考查定语从句。句意:我喜欢待在图书馆,在那里我可以阅读各种各样我感兴趣的书。分析句子结构可知,这里是定语从句,先行词library为地点名词,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
9.when　考查定语从句。句意:会有事情很艰难的时候,但永远不要放弃,你会成功的。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词times为时间名词,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语。故填when。
Ⅴ.1.stressed the importance of learning　2.while Peter always had a talent for speaking　3.①There is no doubt that　②Without doubt　4.Addicted to computer games
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.are stuck　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处作谓语动词;所给提示词stick与句子主语we之间为被动关系,且此处讲述一般事实,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语为we,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are stuck。
2.annoyed　考查形容词。设空处和and前的形容词tired并列,也应用形容词;此处形容人的感受,应用以-ed结尾的形容词。故填annoyed。
3.has gone　考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中的Over the last two decades可知设空处应用现在完成时;“the number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。故填has gone。
4.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词vehicle accidents,指物,且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
5.To keep　考查动词不定式。分析句子成分可知,句中已有谓语动词,所以设空处应用非谓语动词;根据语境可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To keep。
6.immediately　考查副词。设空处修饰take action,应用副词作状语。故填immediately。
7.driving　考查动名词。设空处作短语介词Instead of的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填driving。
8.In　考查介词。in addition意为“此外”,为固定短语,注意首字母大写。故填In。
9.before　考查时间状语从句。句意:此外,我们应该在出发前思考。根据句意和常识可知,此处指“出发之前应该思考”。故填before。
10.things　考查名词复数。thing是可数名词,其前无限定词,所以应用复数。故填things。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。攀登长城并非易事,保护长城更加困难。微信小程序“云游长城”通过虚拟现实技术展示中国长城,使人们能够更加容易地游览并保护长城。
1.climbing　考查动名词。句意:长城全长两万多千米,是举世闻名的历史地标,但攀登它却很难。此处是非谓语动词作主语,陈述一般情况,用动名词作主语。故填climbing。
2.physically　考查副词。句意:每个人可能都对它有一些了解,但可能只有少数人有能力亲自参与修复。此处用副词修饰动词短语participate in。故填physically。
3.which　考查非限制性定语从句。句意:然而,微信小程序“云游长城”让每个狂热爱好者都成为虚拟世界中的英雄,在这个虚拟世界里,一个人不仅参观长城,而且还能保护它。此处virtual world是先行词,指物,应用“介词in+which”引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
4.has attracted　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,这个程序已经吸引了大量的关注和粉丝。根据时间状语So far可知,句子用现在完成时,且句子主语是单数名词program,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has attracted。
5.remarkable　考查形容词。句意:使用了大约五万张西潘家口长城的高清图片,为用户提供了非凡的体验。空后的experience是名词,应用形容词修饰。故填remarkable。
6.a　考查冠词。句意:这些很受欢迎,但长城是一个复杂的建筑物,值得更多的关注。此处指“一个”复杂的建筑物,是泛指,且complex的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
7.programs　考查名词复数。句意:中国已经开展了一系列像我们这样的计划,将公众教育与遗迹数字化修复相结合。a series of意为“一系列的”,后跟名词复数。故填programs。
8.of　考查介词。句意同上题。a combination of意为“一种……的结合体”。故填of。
9.was listed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:1987年,长城被列为世界文化遗产,这是中国首个被列为世界文化遗产的地方。句子主语The Great Wall是第三人称单数,和动词list之间是被动关系,再根据时间状语in 1987可知,该句用一般过去时的被动语态,且谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was listed。
10.its　考查代词。句意同上题。空后的kind是名词,应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。
【高频词汇】　1.fame n.名声,声誉　2.participate v.参加,参与　3.considerable adj.相当多的,相当大的
4.deserve v.值得,应受　5.combination n.结合体,联合体
【熟词生义】　run v.延伸,伸展
【差距词汇】　1.landmark n.地标　2.enthusiast n.热衷于……的人,爱好者　3.animated adj.动画的
4.digitization n.数字化
Ⅲ. A
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。越来越多的鸟来到青海湖,当地政府的保护措施使这个地方成为鸟类的天堂。政府向人们普及鸟类保护法,号召人们保护鸟类。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“More and more birds...the local government.”和第二段中的“The two islands...offering rich food sources to birds.”可知,越来越多的鸟飞到青海湖栖息,一方面是由于当地政府对环境保护所做出的努力,另一方面是因为那里有充足的食物来源。由此可推测,那里的环境正变得更适合鸟类生存。故选D。
2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The two islands have plenty of float grass and varied kinds of fish, offering rich food sources to birds.”可知,两个岛上有丰富的水草与各种鱼类,为鸟类提供了丰富的食物来源。故选D。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“thanks to the conservation efforts of the local government”和第四、五段的内容可推测,政府已经采取了很多措施保护这片区域。故选C。
4.A　推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲的是由于当地政府对环境的保护,越来越多的鸟来到青海湖。由此可推测,这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸上,是一篇新闻报道。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.(be) located in...位于……　2.source n.来源　3.symbol n.象征;记号　4.reserve n.保护区
【差距词汇】　paradise n.天堂;乐园
长难句　
原句　Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau start to melt, over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Island to lay eggs.
分析　本句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句。
译文　每年3月和4月,当覆盖着青藏高原的冰雪开始融化时,二十多种鸟类飞到鸟岛产蛋。
B
◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家为研究亚马孙雨林将如何应对将来的气候变化而对过去的雨林是如何度过冰河时代的进行了研究。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen kept in lake mud.”可知,要研究过去的气候,科学家需要研究保存在湖泥中的花粉化石。故选B。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Going back to the last ice age means drilling down into lake sediment, which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery.”可知,向下钻取湖泊中的沉积物需要专用设备和重型机械。故选D。
易错归因　本题易错选B项。B项错在light。
7.C　推理判断题。这是一篇科普类文章,写作目的通常是提供信息。通读全文可知,文章主要讲了科学家们是如何研究雨林的。故选C。
易错归因　本题易错选A项。A项“为了号召人们保护雨林”与文意不符,本文不是强调保护雨林。
8.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,科学家们对于雨林怎样应对气候变化一直没有满意的答案;第二、三段讲述的是科学家进行该研究的价值和具体实践及遇到的困难,所有这些都是为了研究亚马孙雨林是如何度过冰河时代的,所以A项“雨林的奥秘”可作为文章的最佳标题。B、C、D项都只是文章提到的部分信息。故选A。
【高频词汇】　1.react to对……作出反应　2.in advance提前,事先
【差距词汇】　mop up吸干净;消灭
长难句　
原句　Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.
分析　本句是主从复合句。that引导宾语从句,作hope的宾语;两个how都引导宾语从句,分别作learn和understanding的宾语。
译文　通过了解过去雨林对气候变化的反应,科学家们希望能够提前了解未来雨林将如何应对(气候变化)。
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