人教新目标(Go for it)版八年级下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?现在完成时讲解及练习（无答案）

八下 unit 9现在完成时（二）语法讲练
含been, ever, never的现在完成时，been是be动词的过去分词，ever(曾经)，never(从不，未曾)一般作副词。
been在完成时中，常以have been的形式出现，常见的有以下几种用法：
考点1 have been to＋地点
have been to 曾经去过 现已回来 可接次数 He has been to Beijing 3 times. 他去过北京三次。
have gone to 到某地去了 尚未回来 通常不用 第一人称 She’s not here. She has gone to Qingdao.她不在这里，她去了青岛。
have been in/at 在某地呆了多长时间 常接时间段 He has been in London for half a year.他在伦敦呆了半年。
考点2 当have been to后面接副词，如here, there, home时，to要省略。变为have been here/there/home。
你去过那儿吗？”there前不加to。　
考点3 have been in＋组织，表示加入某组织。
He has been in the army for 3 years.他参军三年了。
考点4 have been＋adj./n.呈现……状态
The shop has been open for 10 years. 这家店营业十年了。
We have been friends since we were 5. 我们从5岁起就一直是朋友。
考点5 ever, never常与现在完成时连用，是现在完成时态的提示词。
ever adv.曾经；在任何时候
never adv.从未
—Have you ever been there？你曾去过那里吗？
—No, I have never been there before. 不，我以前从未去过那里。
考点6
表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。此时常与“for+一段时间”或“since+过去的点时间或从句（从句用一般过去时）”以及so far（到目前为止）等时间状语连用。
I’ve lived here since 2000.自从2000年我就住在这里。
=I’ve lived here since 13 years ago.
=I’ve lived here for 13 years.
=It is 13 years since I began to live here.
注意：①在这类句子的肯定句和疑问句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词。短暂性动词由于动作不能持续，故肯定句中不能与for（达到；累计）或since（自从……到现在）引出的时间状语连用，在否定句中则可以。
②对for和since引导的时间状语提问要用How long。
部分短暂性动词与之对应的延续性动词：
①arrive at/in, get to/reach, come/go/move to—be in/at home/at school/on the farm/be here/be there
②come/go back, return→be back, come/go out→be out
③become→be
④close→be closed; open→be open
⑤get up→be up; die→be dead; leave sp.→be away from sp.； fall asleep/get to sleep→be asleep; finish/end→be over; marry→be married
⑥start/begin to do sth.→do sth.; begin→be on
⑦borrow→keep; lose→not have; buy→have; put on→wear; catch/get a cold→have a cold; get to know→know
⑧join the League/Party/the army→be a League member/a Party member/a soldier→be in the League/the Party/the army
即时训练
一.单项选择。
( )1.Have you met Mr. Li ______？
　　 Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago
( )2.—Our country ______ a lot so far . 　—Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .
　 Ａ.has changed ; well Ｂ.changed ; good
Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better
( )3. _____ you ever _____ to an aquarium Yes, we had a good time there.
A. Have, gone B. Had, been C. Have, been
( ) 4. I _____ my grandpa last Sunday.
A. have visited B. visited C. was visiting
( ) 5. She _____ Shanghai for a month.
A. has come to B. came to C. has been in
( )6. Mr. Hu died last year. He ____for several months already.
A. has been dying B. has died C. has been dead D. died
( ) 7. Fanny _____ TV at this time last Saturday.
A. has watched B. was watching C. watched
( ) 8. Have you ____ been to our town before No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, have come B. ever, come C. ever, have come
( )9. May ______ the book for two weeks.
A. borrowed B. lent C. kept D. bought
( )10.Remember these new words ________him a lot of time.
A. costs B. spends C. takes
二.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.______(has)you ever ______(be)to the Great Wall
2.Where _______(have)he _______(go) I can’t find him here.
3.I________(go)to Fun Time Amusement Park last year.
4.Harvey and his friend are going ________(skate)
5.He. ________(work) in a small town two years ago.
6. My brother ________(be)a soldier for two years.
7.He ________(live)here for a long time.
8. ________(do)he go fishing with you the day before yesterday.
9. ______they______(finish)the work yet
10. When______ you ______(read)it I______(read)it last year.
三．根据语境，用have / has been to或have / has gone to填空，每空一词。
1. David isn't in his bedroom. He _________ _________ _________ the bookshop.
2. —_________ you ever _________ _________ Xi'an
—Yes. I went there last year.
3. Daniel _________ _________ _________ Australia with his parents. They will be back in a week.
4. I _________ never _________ _________ Paris, but I will go there next month.
5. —Where is Betty
—She __________ __________ __________ the teachers' office.
6. —How many times __________ your sister __________ __________ Dalian
—Twice.
7. —__________ your father __________ __________ Suzhou
—No, he hasn't. He is sleeping at home now.