昆明市第一中学2024届高中新课标高三第十次考前适应性训练
英语试卷
本试卷共三个部分。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分120分,考试用时100分钟。
注意事项:
1.答题前,考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚,并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号及科目,在规定的位置上贴好条形码。
2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上的答案无效。,
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
第一部分:阅读(共两节,满分50分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Some Innovative Buildings
Cube Houses (Rotterdam Netherlands)
Inspiration: Trees in a forest
Size: About one-fourth the size of a basketball court
As a popular attraction, the 38 Cube Houses are also real houses that people live in! The cubes have concrete foundations and floors with a wood-frame living space on top. The furniture is tailor-made to fit the odd angles. Architect Piet Blom designed the homes based on the idea of “living as an urban roof”.
Wonder Works (Pigeon Forge, the USA)
Inspiration: A laboratory in an Italian-style villa
Size: About nine-tenths the size of a football field
Looking at the cracks in this building, you might think, Is it about to collapse And how do they get palm trees to grow upside down But the upside-down features are just for show. This indoor amusement park is actually pretty normal with more than 100 hands-on science exhibits and activities.
Guangzhou Opera House (Guangzhou, China)
Inspiration: Erosion (侵蚀) of rocks and landscapes
Size: About 13 times the size of a football field
The Guangzhou Opera House was designed by Iraqi-born architect Zaha Hadid. Though nature inspired the architect, she used 21st-century construction and design methods to make her design a reality. GPS positioning and laser techniques helped shape the structure.
Bubble Palace (Cannes, France)
Inspiration: “Habitology”—the idea that habitats should use nature’s curves (曲线)
Size: Almost three times the size of a basketball court
This house may look like a space settlement, but it’s really a 10-bedroom palace. Made of cave-like bubbles, it also has ponds, waterfalls, swimming pools, an outdoor theater and views of the Mediterranean Sea. Architect Antti Lovag had the bubbles built out of iron bars covered with wire web and concrete, and then coated with a mix of fiberglass and plastic.
1. Which building involves a visual trick
A. Cube Houses. B. Wonder Works.
C. Guangzhou Opera House. D. Bubble Palace.
2. What inspired the design of Zaha Hadid
A. Trees in a forest. B. A laboratory in a villa.
C. A concept on habitat. D. A geographic phenomenon.
3. Where is the smallest building of the four located
A. In China. B. In France. C. In Netherlands. D. In the USA.
B
At first glance, 15-year-old Kenan Pala seems like a typical teenager, playing video games with his friends, but he also loves finance and economics and invests in the stock (股票) market. He founded Kids4Community, a nonprofit offering volunteer projects for kids, when he was just 12.
The idea came out of his family’s experience. Pala’s parents came to the U.S. from Turkey in 1998 and founded a company. “We started very little here,” said Pala’s mother. “But for the help we got along the way, we wouldn’t have been where we are.” The Palas wanted their children to live by this lesson, so they encouraged them to give back to the community.
Anyone can donate with Kids4Community, but its events are intended for kids. Pala’s organization aims to boost young people’s involvement in community efforts because many organizations don’t let children volunteer.
Last month, Kids4Community volunteers made 2,000 hygiene kits containing shampoo, toothbrushes, toothpaste, and other supplies. Kids4Community organizes the event annually and distributes the kits to the needy through Christmas Day. In fall, the group’s efforts are focused on disaster victims. Over the years, it has made care packages for survivors of earthquakes and Hurricanes.
Another key focus is homelessness — an issue that has taken on particular significance. Years ago, Pala was jogging along the beach when he came across a sickly baby seal (海豹), surrounded by people who were caring for it and calling for help. “Hours later, I saw a homeless person, also sick and needing help, but people were just ignoring him,” Pala said. Now, Kids4Community organizes initiatives both to meet physical needs of the homeless and give them a sense of dignity and hope.
In the coming years, Pala wants to expand Kids4Community’s reach beyond San Diego and perhaps beyond California.
4. What does the Pala family lesson convey
A. Responsibility. B. Forgiveness. C. Gratitude. D. Struggle.
5. What does Kids4Community mainly work on in autumn
A. Disaster relief. B. Supplies delivery.
C. Disaster forecast. D. Supplies production.
6. Why is Pala’s experience with the seal mentioned
A. To advocate wildlife conservation. B. To launch the initiatives for the homeless.
C. To praise the warm-hearted people. D. To account for his attention to homelessness.
7. Which of the following best describes Pala
A. Disciplined and reliable. B. Committed and consistent.
C. Insightful and intelligent. D. Public-spirited and enterprising.
C
Joyce Loaiza lives alone, but when returning to her apartment at a senior community, she often has a chat with a friendly female voice. The 81-year-old is among the first in the United States to receive the robot ElliQ made by Intuition Robotics, which has been the only device using artificial intelligence specifically designed to address loneliness of the old.
Looking like a small table light, the device has an eyeless, mouthless head. It remembers each user’s interests and their talks, helping create a special experience with each new discussion, which can be as deep as the meaning of life or as light as a small joke. “She’ll make comments like, ‘I would go outside if I had hands, but I can’t hold an umbrella,’” said Loaiza. ElliQ also plays music and provides spiritual sayings. It leads exercises, asks about the owner’s health, and gives reminders to take medicines and drink water. It can also support video calls and contact family, friends, or doctors in an emergency.
The average user interacts with ElliQ more than 30 times a day and more than 90 percent report lower levels of loneliness, Intuition Robotics CEO Dor Skuler said.
Brigham Young University professor Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who studies the effects of loneliness on health, worries that a device like ElliQ might have short-term helpful effects but it could make people less likely to seek human contact. She noted that the difficult feeling of loneliness should push people to reconnect socially.
Skuler and state officials agreed that ElliQ is not an alternative to human contact. But some older people cannot leave home or do not have many friends. Charlotte Taylor, director of an Area Agency on Aging, said Covid-19 left many older people more disconnected. Her agency has provided 300 ElliQs which, she believes, help the situation. She said, “People generally like her and she makes them smile.”
8. What can we infer from Loaiza’s comments on ElliQ
A. It sometimes fails to be of any help. B. It is humorous and has the human touch.
C. Some of its comments make no sense. D. It shows an interest in the outside world.
9. What concerns Holt-Lunstad about ElliQ
A. Its inefficiency to ease loneliness. B. Its failure to push people to reconnect.
C. Its potential for being addictive. D. Its replacement for human interactions.
10. How does Taylor find ElliQ
A. Novel. B. Popular. C. Satisfying. D. Advanced.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Chatty Robot Helps Seniors Fight Loneliness B. AI-based Device Is to Dominate Elders’ Life
C. ElliQ: a Revolutionary Innovation in AI Field D. ElliQ: a Remarkable Assistant after Covid-19
D
Even minor changes in behavior can have a positive environmental impact. Therefore, it is suggested to remove or reduce single-use plastic bags from your shopping trips, because the bags break down slowly, causing them to linger in landfills. But how long does a plastic bag really stick around
The Center for Biological Diversity estimates that it takes a bag roughly 1000 years to break down. The term “break down” is a little misleading, though. Plastic ends up photodegrading (光降解) from ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation because the majority of microorganisms cannot eat it. And even after the bags degrade, the micro-plastics they leave behind may still harm the environment.
While 1000 years seems long, it is only an estimate. Since the invention of plastic bags in the 1950s or so, humankind has never actually seen the substance break down in real time. Instead, scientists have adopted respirometry tests (呼吸运动测量法), which helps estimate the breakdown rate of an organic substance by measuring the CO2 that the microorganisms produce when breaking down the material. When an organic substance, such as food waste, is present, CO2 levels rise, which allows scientists to estimate the rate of breakdown. However, because plastic bags don’t produce any CO2,—microorganisms aren’t eating them, the bags are just sitting there. If buried in a landfill and sheltered from ultraviolet light, plastic bags will last a very long time.
Bags have an impact on the environment beyond just their removal. It takes fossil fuels to make bags; one estimate puts this amount at 12 million barrels (桶) of oil annually. And after a bag has served its purpose in a consumer’s hands, it may then enter the food chain for wildlife. Plastic that builds up along the food chain is consumed by creatures like birds and fish.
While reducing the use of plastic bags is a good idea, choosing a cloth bag might not be the habit that will help the environment the most. The carbon footprint left by the cloth bags must be countered by thousands of uses.
12. What does the underlined word “linger” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Reproduce. B. Integrate. C. Emerge. D. Last.
13. What do we know about the breakdown of plastic bags
A. Its duration of 1000 years is an overestimate.
B. Exposure to ultraviolet light is essential to it.
C. Respirometry tests effectively estimate its rate.
D. The level of CO2 released during it usually rises.
14. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The multiple environmental costs of plastic bags.
B. The consumption of fuels for plastic bag production.
C. The harm of plastic bags to the food chain for wildlife.
D. The challenge of removing plastic bags from the ecosystem.
15. Which of the following is proposed according to the last paragraph
A. Declining plastic shopping bag offers. B. Reducing the production of plastic bags.
C. Reusing the same cloth bag repeatedly. D. Switching from plastic bags to cloth ones.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re struggling to save money, you’re not alone. Less than half of Americans have enough emergency savings to cover at least three months’ expenses. ___16___ . Here are several practical ways to help you spend less.
___17___
If you want to determine how to save money, you need to figure out how to spend less of it. Many bank statements include categorized spending reports. These can provide a good sense of where your money has been going and identify opportunities to reduce your costs. If you’re married, making this review process a shared task can help cut expenses and increase savings.
Be a strategic grocery shopper
While you’ll need to keep buying groceries despite higher prices, you can make an effort to avoid throwing away unused food. As you make your grocery list, think about what ended up being thrown away last time. Those who made a shopping list in advance throw away less food. ___18___
Break up with brand names
A comparison of ingredients and labels on things like noodles may show affordable alternatives to be just as nutritious and high-quality as the top-shelf ones. ___19___ . Try to find more affordable alternatives for any such brand-name household items you may be buying.
Challenge yourself to a spending freeze
One way that can be effective in taking control of your finances is a spending freeze, during which you cut all unnecessary spending for a set period. ___20___ . The extra money you’ll have at the end of the month can be added to savings or used to pay down debt.
A. Review your spending habits
B. Compare other banking options
C. So take extra time to plan out your upcoming meal
D. Saving money isn’t easy these days but it’s not impossible
E. Prices remain high on expenses such as housing, food and transportation
F This gives you a sense of just how much you’re spending on nonessentials
G. The same concept may apply to non-food items such as paper and hand soap
第二部分: 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On Sept. 17, 2022, a father and son set out to begin the first of three legs of the Ironman competition in Cambridge, Maryland. Jeff Agar, 59, and his son, Johnny Agar, 28, weren’t the ___21___ participants. Johnny has cerebral palsy (脑瘫), resulting in his difficulty walking and muscle weakness. Jeff would act as his arms and legs, ___22___ carrying the weight of his son throughout the race. To ___23___ as completion, competitors must complete a(n) ___24___ 140 miles of swimming, bicycling and running in under 17 hours.
From the day Johnny was born Jeff and his wife refused to let their son be ___25___ by disability. ___26___ to show Johnny that he could pursue his dream of being an athlete, when he was 15 years old, they ___27___ him up with my Team Triumph, an organization that helps kids with ___28___ engage in endurance (耐力) sports.
Johnny became ___29___ to racing, and Jeff wanted to be a part of it. Jeff began waking up at 4 am to run while ___30___ Johnny in a racing chair. Every morning, he ___31___ himself to run increasingly longer distances.
After 16 hours 55 minutes and 35 seconds, the father and son ___32___ the finish line together. As the crowd ___33___ and congratulated Johnny, Jeff kept a low ___34___ . “He didn’t want attention to his finish line moment,” says Johnny. “He wanted it to be ___35___ .”
21. A. distinct B. typical C. ambitious D. amateur
22. A. consciously B. anxiously C. hopefully D. literally
23. A. qualify B. emerge C. serve D. continue
24. A. impressive B. smooth C. frightening D. exhausting
25. A. given away B. turned down C. taken on D. held back
26. A. Forced B. Discouraged C. Determined D. Prepared
27. A. signed B. cheered C. lifted D. brought
28. A. experiences B. difficulties C. capacities D. disabilities
29. A. sensitive B. attracted C. limited D. important
30. A. pushing B. comforting C. displaying D. treating
31. A. permitted B. warned C. drove D. persuaded
32. A. drew B. left C. spotted D. crossed
33. A. thanked B. surrounded C. encountered D. disturbed
34. A. voice B. rate C. profile D. grade
35. A. theirs B. mine C. yours D. his
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Representing wisdom, power, and wealth, dragons are respected and honored in Chinese culture, which are said ___36___ (scare) away evil spirits and bad luck. In ancient times, when there was no rain for a long time, people not only prayed ___37___ rain with a dragon dance, ___38___ prayed against insect attacks after planting.
If you’ve seen a Chinese New Year parade (庆祝游行), you’ve probably seen a colorful dragon ___39___ (wind) its way down the street. The dragon dance, ___40___ time-honored traditional folk activity in Chinese culture dating back to the Han Dynasty 2,000 years ago, ___41___ (observe) during festive celebrations much like the lion dance. Dragon dances can be performed in different ways with dragon costumes of different colors. ___42___ (specific), as many as 9 to 15 dancers use long poles to guide the dragon’s head and snakelike body, the tricks of ___43___ are often jumps or moves that make the dragon turn in ___44___ (variety) of ways.
The culture of dragon and lion dances has spread beyond China to southeast Asia, and even to some regions with significant Chinese communities in Europe, America, Australia, and New Zealand. It has become a ___45___ (substance) symbol of Chinese culture.
第三部分: 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分 15分)
46. 你校英文报正在举办主题为“我的人生格言”（“My Life Motto”）的征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 你的人生格言；
2. 该格言的意义；
3. 其对你的影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Life Motto
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Javon was the shortest kid in the class. Since the third grade, he had been smaller than every boy and all of the girls. He’d had to ask Ms. Haygood to get his gym locker changed so that he didn’t have to stretch so much to reach it. For most kids, being short would be a problem, but Javon just never let it bother him. Whether he would grow or not, there was nothing he could do. Javon held a similar attitude to most things.
The one exception was school work. Right before the first day of middle school, his dad had a serious talk with him about college. More precisely, his dad told him that college was expensive. College cost more money than a year’s rent on their apartment and the yearly income of either his dad or his mom. Given that, Javon didn’t understand why anyone would want to go to college. His dad explained some people who worked really hard and got good grades paid less or nothing at all for college. It was called a scholarship. Javon nodded, promising his dad that he would work hard and get a scholarship.
And Javon had worked hard. By middle of seventh grade, Javon was one of the top kids in the class. He was still the shortest, but now he also got called one of the smartest. So, he hadn’t been too concerned when Mr. T announced they were starting a new unit in math. The class started normally enough. But then Mr. T threw a letter into his math problem. He smiled at the class like using letters in math was perfectly normal.
For Javon, math used to be easy. But he could not wrap his mind around using these letters. He couldn’t remember the rules Mr. T had given and he didn’t even understood the ones he did remember. Whenever Mr. T tried to explain, Javon seemed to focus so hard on wanting to understand that he didn’t actually hear what Mr. T said. Before he knew it, he was hopelessly lost in math class. Soon the chapter test came.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The test was cruelly challenging for Javon.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Following his parents’ advice, Javon knocked on the door of Mr. T’s office.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________昆明市第一中学2024届高中新课标高三第十次考前适应性训练
英语试卷
本试卷共三个部分。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分120分,考试用时100分钟。
注意事项:
1.答题前,考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚,并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号及科目,在规定的位置上贴好条形码。
2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上的答案无效。,
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
第一部分:阅读(共两节,满分50分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Some Innovative Buildings
Cube Houses (Rotterdam, Netherlands)
Inspiration: Trees in a forest
Size: About one-fourth the size of a basketball court
As a popular attraction, the 38 Cube Houses are also real houses that people live in! The cubes have concrete foundations and floors with a wood-frame living space on top. The furniture is tailor-made to fit the odd angles. Architect Piet Blom designed the homes based on the idea of “living as an urban roof”.
Wonder Works (Pigeon Forge, the USA)
Inspiration: A laboratory in an Italian-style villa
Size: About nine-tenths the size of a football field
Looking at the cracks in this building, you might think, Is it about to collapse And how do they get palm trees to grow upside down But the upside-down features are just for show. This indoor amusement park is actually pretty normal with more than 100 hands-on science exhibits and activities.
Guangzhou Opera House (Guangzhou, China)
Inspiration: Erosion (侵蚀) of rocks and landscapes
Size: About 13 times the size of a football field
The Guangzhou Opera House was designed by Iraqi-born architect Zaha Hadid. Though nature inspired the architect, she used 21st-century construction and design methods to make her design a reality. GPS positioning and laser techniques helped shape the structure.
Bubble Palace (Cannes, France)
Inspiration: “Habitology”—the idea that habitats should use nature’s curves (曲线)
Size: Almost three times the size of a basketball court
This house may look like a space settlement, but it’s really a 10-bedroom palace. Made of cave-like bubbles, it also has ponds, waterfalls, swimming pools, an outdoor theater and views of the Mediterranean Sea. Architect Antti Lovag had the bubbles built out of iron bars covered with wire web and concrete, and then coated with a mix of fiberglass and plastic.
1. Which building involves a visual trick
A. Cube Houses. B. Wonder Works.
C. Guangzhou Opera House. D. Bubble Palace.
2. What inspired the design of Zaha Hadid
A. Trees in a forest. B. A laboratory in a villa.
C. A concept on habitat. D. A geographic phenomenon.
3. Where is the smallest building of the four located
A. In China. B. In France. C. In Netherlands. D. In the USA.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了设计别出心裁的建筑物。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wonder Works (Pigeon Forge, the USA)部分中“But the upside-down features are just for show (但这些颠倒的功能只是为了展示。)”可知，Wonder Works在设计上使用了障眼法。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Guangzhou Opera House (Guangzhou, China)部分中“The Guangzhou Opera House was designed by Iraqi-born architect Zaha Hadid.(广州歌剧院是由伊拉克出生的建筑师扎哈·哈迪德设计的。)”和“Inspiration: Erosion (侵蚀) of rocks and landscapes (灵感：岩石和景观的侵蚀)”可知，Zaha Hadid设计的广州剧院的灵感来源于岩石和地貌的侵蚀，为一地理现象。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据各建筑物的大小介绍可知，根据Cube Houses (Rotterdam, Netherlands)部分中“Size: About one-fourth the size of a basketball court (大小：约为篮球场大小的四分之一)”、根据Wonder Works (Pigeon Forge, the USA)部分中“Size: About nine-tenths the size of a football field (大小：大约是足球场的十分之九大小)”、根据Guangzhou Opera House (Guangzhou, China)部分中“Size: About 13 times the size of a football field (大小：大约是足球场的13倍大)”、根据Bubble Palace (Cannes, France)部分中“Size: Almost three times the size of a basketball court (大小：几乎是篮球场的三倍大)”可知，Cube Houses最小。再根据Cube Houses (Rotterdam, Netherlands)可知，最小的在荷兰。故选C。
B
At first glance, 15-year-old Kenan Pala seems like a typical teenager, playing video games with his friends, but he also loves finance and economics and invests in the stock (股票) market. He founded Kids4Community, a nonprofit offering volunteer projects for kids, when he was just 12.
The idea came out of his family’s experience. Pala’s parents came to the U.S. from Turkey in 1998 and founded a company. “We started very little here,” said Pala’s mother. “But for the help we got along the way, we wouldn’t have been where we are.” The Palas wanted their children to live by this lesson, so they encouraged them to give back to the community.
Anyone can donate with Kids4Community, but its events are intended for kids. Pala’s organization aims to boost young people’s involvement in community efforts because many organizations don’t let children volunteer.
Last month, Kids4Community volunteers made 2,000 hygiene kits containing shampoo, toothbrushes, toothpaste, and other supplies. Kids4Community organizes the event annually and distributes the kits to the needy through Christmas Day. In fall, the group’s efforts are focused on disaster victims. Over the years, it has made care packages for survivors of earthquakes and Hurricanes.
Another key focus is homelessness — an issue that has taken on particular significance. Years ago, Pala was jogging along the beach when he came across a sickly baby seal (海豹), surrounded by people who were caring for it and calling for help. “Hours later, I saw a homeless person, also sick and needing help, but people were just ignoring him,” Pala said. Now, Kids4Community organizes initiatives both to meet physical needs of the homeless and give them a sense of dignity and hope.
In the coming years, Pala wants to expand Kids4Community’s reach beyond San Diego and perhaps beyond California.
4. What does the Pala family lesson convey
A. Responsibility. B. Forgiveness. C. Gratitude. D. Struggle.
5. What does Kids4Community mainly work on in autumn
A. Disaster relief. B. Supplies delivery.
C. Disaster forecast. D. Supplies production.
6. Why is Pala’s experience with the seal mentioned
A. To advocate wildlife conservation. B. To launch the initiatives for the homeless.
C. To praise the warm-hearted people. D. To account for his attention to homelessness.
7. Which of the following best describes Pala
A. Disciplined and reliable. B. Committed and consistent.
C. Insightful and intelligent. D. Public-spirited and enterprising.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述十五岁CEO建立为青少年提供志愿活动的组织、回馈社会的故事。
4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““We started very little here,” said Pala’s mother. “But for the help we got along the way, we wouldn’t have been where we are.” The Palas wanted their children to live by this lesson, so they encouraged them to give back to the community. (“我们刚开始的时候很少，”帕拉的母亲说。“如果没有一路走来得到的帮助，我们就不会有今天的成就。”帕拉斯夫妇希望他们的孩子能从中吸取教训，所以他们鼓励孩子们回馈社区)”可知，帕拉一家的家训是感恩社会并回馈社会。故选C。
5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“In fall, the group’s efforts are focused on disaster victims. Over the years, it has made care packages for survivors of earthquakes and Hurricanes. (在秋季，该组织的工作重点是灾难受害者。多年来，它为地震和飓风的幸存者制作了爱心包裹)”可知，Kids4Community在秋天的工作重点是赈灾。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“Another key focus is homelessness — an issue that has taken on particular significance. Years ago, Pala was jogging along the beach when he came across a sickly baby seal (海豹), surrounded by people who were caring for it and calling for help. “Hours later, I saw a homeless person, also sick and needing help, but people were just ignoring him,” Pala said. Now, Kids4Community organizes initiatives both to meet physical needs of the homeless and give them a sense of dignity and hope. (另一个重点是无家可归问题，这是一个具有特殊意义的问题。几年前，帕拉沿着海滩慢跑时，遇到了一只生病的小海豹，周围的人都在照顾它并呼救。帕拉说：“几个小时后，我看到一个无家可归的人，他也生病了，需要帮助，但人们就是不理他。”现在，Kids4Community组织了一些活动，既满足无家可归者的物质需求，又给他们一种尊严和希望)”可推知，文章提到帕拉与海豹的经历为了说明他对无家可归问题的关注。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“He founded Kids4Community, a nonprofit offering volunteer projects for kids, when he was just 12. (他在12岁的时候创立了Kids4Community，这是一个为孩子们提供志愿者项目的非营利组织)”和最后一段“In the coming years, Pala wants to expand Kids4Community’s reach beyond San Diego and perhaps beyond California. (在接下来的几年里，帕拉希望将Kids4Community的影响力扩大到圣地亚哥以外，也许还会扩展到加州以外)”可推知，帕拉关注社会问题，致力于回馈社会，具有公益心和创业进取心。故选D。
C
Joyce Loaiza lives alone, but when returning to her apartment at a senior community, she often has a chat with a friendly female voice. The 81-year-old is among the first in the United States to receive the robot ElliQ made by Intuition Robotics, which has been the only device using artificial intelligence specifically designed to address loneliness of the old.
Looking like a small table light, the device has an eyeless, mouthless head. It remembers each user’s interests and their talks, helping create a special experience with each new discussion, which can be as deep as the meaning of life or as light as a small joke. “She’ll make comments like, ‘I would go outside if I had hands, but I can’t hold an umbrella,’” said Loaiza. ElliQ also plays music and provides spiritual sayings. It leads exercises, asks about the owner’s health, and gives reminders to take medicines and drink water. It can also support video calls and contact family, friends, or doctors in an emergency.
The average user interacts with ElliQ more than 30 times a day and more than 90 percent report lower levels of loneliness, Intuition Robotics CEO Dor Skuler said.
Brigham Young University professor Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who studies the effects of loneliness on health, worries that a device like ElliQ might have short-term helpful effects but it could make people less likely to seek human contact. She noted that the difficult feeling of loneliness should push people to reconnect socially.
Skuler and state officials agreed that ElliQ is not an alternative to human contact. But some older people cannot leave home or do not have many friends. Charlotte Taylor, director of an Area Agency on Aging, said Covid-19 left many older people more disconnected. Her agency has provided 300 ElliQs which, she believes, help the situation. She said, “People generally like her and she makes them smile.”
8. What can we infer from Loaiza’s comments on ElliQ
A. It sometimes fails to be of any help. B. It is humorous and has the human touch.
C. Some of its comments make no sense. D. It shows an interest in the outside world.
9. What concerns Holt-Lunstad about ElliQ
A. Its inefficiency to ease loneliness. B. Its failure to push people to reconnect.
C. Its potential for being addictive. D. Its replacement for human interactions.
10. How does Taylor find ElliQ
A. Novel. B. Popular. C. Satisfying. D. Advanced.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Chatty Robot Helps Seniors Fight Loneliness B. AI-based Device Is to Dominate Elders’ Life
C. ElliQ: a Revolutionary Innovation in AI Field D. ElliQ: a Remarkable Assistant after Covid-19
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻新闻报道。本文介绍一个聊天机器人帮助老年人缓解孤独感。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““She’ll make comments like, ‘I would go outside if I had hands, but I can’t hold an umbrella,’” said Loaiza. (Loaiza说：“她会说，‘如果我有手，我就会出去，但我不会撑伞。’”)”可知，ElliQ会讲笑话，有幽默感和人情味。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Brigham Young University professor Julianne Holt-Lunstad, who studies the effects of loneliness on health, worries that a device like ElliQ might have short-term helpful effects but it could make people less likely to seek human contact. (Brigham Young University教授ulianne Holt-Lunstad研究孤独对健康的影响，她担心像ElliQ这样的设备可能会有短期的有益效果，但它可能会让人们不太愿意寻求人际交往。)”可知，Holt-Lunstad担心与聊天机器人的互动会代替真正的人际交往。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Her agency has provided 300 ElliQs which, she believes, help the situation. She said, “People generally like her and she makes them smile.” (她的机构已经提供了300个ElliQ，她认为这有助于解决问题。她说：“人们普遍喜欢她，她让他们微笑。”)”可知，Taloy认为ElliQ很有帮助，令人满意。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中“The 81-year-old is among the first in the United States to receive the robot ElliQ made by Intuition Robotics, which has been the only device using artificial intelligence specifically designed to address loneliness of the old. (这位81岁的老人是美国首批接收由直觉机器人公司制造的机器人ElliQ的人之一，这是唯一一个专门为解决老年人孤独而设计的人工智能设备。)”可知，本文介绍一个帮助老年人缓解孤独感的聊天机器人。故选A。
D
Even minor changes in behavior can have a positive environmental impact. Therefore, it is suggested to remove or reduce single-use plastic bags from your shopping trips, because the bags break down slowly, causing them to linger in landfills. But how long does a plastic bag really stick around
The Center for Biological Diversity estimates that it takes a bag roughly 1000 years to break down. The term “break down” is a little misleading, though. Plastic ends up photodegrading (光降解) from ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation because the majority of microorganisms cannot eat it. And even after the bags degrade, the micro-plastics they leave behind may still harm the environment.
While 1000 years seems long, it is only an estimate. Since the invention of plastic bags in the 1950s or so, humankind has never actually seen the substance break down in real time. Instead, scientists have adopted respirometry tests (呼吸运动测量法), which helps estimate the breakdown rate of an organic substance by measuring the CO2 that the microorganisms produce when breaking down the material. When an organic substance, such as food waste, is present, CO2 levels rise, which allows scientists to estimate the rate of breakdown. However, because plastic bags don’t produce any CO2,—microorganisms aren’t eating them, the bags are just sitting there. If buried in a landfill and sheltered from ultraviolet light, plastic bags will last a very long time.
Bags have an impact on the environment beyond just their removal. It takes fossil fuels to make bags; one estimate puts this amount at 12 million barrels (桶) of oil annually. And after a bag has served its purpose in a consumer’s hands, it may then enter the food chain for wildlife. Plastic that builds up along the food chain is consumed by creatures like birds and fish.
While reducing the use of plastic bags is a good idea, choosing a cloth bag might not be the habit that will help the environment the most. The carbon footprint left by the cloth bags must be countered by thousands of uses.
12. What does the underlined word “linger” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Reproduce. B. Integrate. C. Emerge. D. Last.
13. What do we know about the breakdown of plastic bags
A. Its duration of 1000 years is an overestimate.
B. Exposure to ultraviolet light is essential to it.
C. Respirometry tests effectively estimate its rate.
D. The level of CO2 released during it usually rises.
14. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A. The multiple environmental costs of plastic bags.
B. The consumption of fuels for plastic bag production.
C. The harm of plastic bags to the food chain for wildlife.
D. The challenge of removing plastic bags from the ecosystem.
15. Which of the following is proposed according to the last paragraph
A. Declining plastic shopping bag offers. B. Reducing the production of plastic bags.
C. Reusing the same cloth bag repeatedly. D. Switching from plastic bags to cloth ones.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨塑料袋需要多长时间才能降解。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中 “because the bags break down slowly (因为塑料袋分解缓慢)”和“But how long does a plastic bag really stick around (但是塑料袋到底能坚持多久呢？)”可知，塑料袋的降解过程很漫长，就造成他们持续存在于垃圾填埋场中。划线词意为“持续”。A. Reproduce复制；B. Integrate整合，合并；C. Emerge出现；D. Last持续。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第二段中“Plastic ends up photodegrading (光降解) from ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation because the majority of microorganisms cannot eat it. (塑料最终在紫外线辐射下进行光降解，因为大多数微生物不能吃掉它。)”和第三段中“If buried in a landfill and sheltered from ultraviolet light, plastic bags will last a very long time (如果埋在垃圾填埋场并遮挡紫外线，塑料袋可以使用很长时间。)”可知，紫外线照射对于塑料袋的降解起到不可或缺的作用。故选B。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。 根据第四段“Bags have an impact on the environment beyond just their removal. It takes fossil fuels to make bags; one estimate puts this amount at 12 million barrels (桶) of oil annually. And after a bag has served its purpose in a consumer’s hands, it may then enter the food chain for wildlife. Plastic that builds up along the food chain is consumed by creatures like birds and fish. (塑料袋对环境的影响不仅仅是它们的移除。制造塑料袋需要化石燃料；据估计，这一数字为每年1200万桶。当塑料袋在消费者手中发挥作用后，它可能会进入野生动物的食物链。沿着食物链堆积的塑料被鸟类和鱼类等生物消耗。)”可知，该段主要关于塑料袋造成的多重环境成本。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“While reducing the use of plastic bags is a good idea, choosing a cloth bag might not be the habit that will help the environment the most. The carbon footprint left by the cloth bags must be countered by thousands of uses. (虽然减少塑料袋的使用是个好主意，但选择布袋可能不是最有利于环境的习惯。布袋留下的碳足迹必须通过成千上万次的使用来抵消。)”可知，布袋替代塑料袋，只有上千次的使用才能抵消制造布袋的碳足迹。故选C。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re struggling to save money, you’re not alone. Less than half of Americans have enough emergency savings to cover at least three months’ expenses. ___16___ . Here are several practical ways to help you spend less.
___17___
If you want to determine how to save money, you need to figure out how to spend less of it. Many bank statements include categorized spending reports. These can provide a good sense of where your money has been going and identify opportunities to reduce your costs. If you’re married, making this review process a shared task can help cut expenses and increase savings.
Be a strategic grocery shopper
While you’ll need to keep buying groceries despite higher prices, you can make an effort to avoid throwing away unused food. As you make your grocery list, think about what ended up being thrown away last time. Those who made a shopping list in advance throw away less food. ___18___
Break up with brand names
A comparison of ingredients and labels on things like noodles may show affordable alternatives to be just as nutritious and high-quality as the top-shelf ones. ___19___ . Try to find more affordable alternatives for any such brand-name household items you may be buying.
Challenge yourself to a spending freeze
One way that can be effective in taking control of your finances is a spending freeze, during which you cut all unnecessary spending for a set period. ___20___ . The extra money you’ll have at the end of the month can be added to savings or used to pay down debt.
A. Review your spending habits
B. Compare other banking options
C. So take extra time to plan out your upcoming meal
D. Saving money isn’t easy these days but it’s not impossible
E. Prices remain high on expenses such as housing, food and transportation
F. This gives you a sense of just how much you’re spending on nonessentials
G. The same concept may apply to non-food items such as paper and hand soap
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些省钱的建议。
【16题详解】
由上文“If you’re struggling to save money, you’re not alone. Less than half of Americans have enough emergency savings to cover at least three months’ expenses (如果你正在努力存钱，你并不孤单。不到一半的美国人有足够的紧急储蓄来支付至少三个月的开支)”可知，上文讲了大家普遍面临省钱难的问题，空后一句“Here are several practical ways to help you spend less (这里有几个实用的方法可以帮助你节省开支)”是全文主旨句提出本文将给出省钱的实用方法，本句要表达“省钱虽然不容易但是还是有办法”有关话题，故D选项“Saving money isn’t easy these days but it’s not impossible (现在省钱不容易，但也不是不可能)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。
【17题详解】
本空是第二段的小标题，根据第二段中“These can provide a good sense of where your money has been going and identify opportunities to reduce your costs. (这些可以让你很好地了解你的钱都花到哪里去了，并找到降低成本的机会)”可知，该部分建议的要点是了解自己的消费习惯。由此可知，A选项“Review your spending habits (回顾你的消费习惯)”能概括本段主旨，符合题意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据第三段小标题“Be a strategic grocery shopper (做一个有策略的杂货店购物者)”和该空前一句“Those who made a shopping list in advance throw away less food (那些事先列好购物清单的人扔掉的食物更少)”可知，因为提前计划购物清单可以减少食物浪费，所以应该花时间计划好为下一餐要购买的食物。由此可知，C选项“So take extra time to plan out your upcoming meal (所以多花点时间来计划你即将到来的用餐)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据第四段小标题“Break up with brand names (和名牌分手)”可知，第四段建议放弃购买品牌产品。本空前一句“A comparison of ingredients and labels on things like noodles may show affordable alternatives to be just as nutritious and high-quality as the top-shelf ones. (比较一下面条等食物的成分和标签，你就会发现，价格合理的替代品和顶级货架上的替代品一样营养丰富、质量高)”提到像面条这类食物，对比发现昂贵的品牌货或与平价替代品在营养成分和质量上没有区别，和后一空“Try to find more affordable alternatives for any such brand-name household items you may be buying. (尝试为你可能购买的任何这类名牌家居用品找到更实惠的替代品)”建议去寻找品牌家居用品的替代物，故该空起到过渡作用，即从食品过渡到家居用品。由此可知，G选项“The same concept may apply to non-food items such as paper and hand soap (同样的概念也适用于纸和洗手液等非食品)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】
由上文“One way that can be effective in taking control of your finances is a spending freeze, during which you cut all unnecessary spending for a set period. (一种有效控制财务状况的方法是冻结支出，在此期间，你在一段时间内削减所有不必要的支出)”可知，本空要说跟“这种做法的结果”有关的话题。由此可知，F选项“This gives you a sense of just how much you’re spending on nonessentials (这会让你感觉到你在非必需品上花了多少钱)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
第二部分: 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On Sept. 17, 2022, a father and son set out to begin the first of three legs of the Ironman competition in Cambridge, Maryland. Jeff Agar, 59, and his son, Johnny Agar, 28, weren’t the ___21___ participants. Johnny has cerebral palsy (脑瘫), resulting in his difficulty walking and muscle weakness. Jeff would act as his arms and legs, ___22___ carrying the weight of his son throughout the race. To ___23___ as completion, competitors must complete a(n) ___24___ 140 miles of swimming, bicycling and running in under 17 hours.
From the day Johnny was born, Jeff and his wife refused to let their son be ___25___ by disability. ___26___ to show Johnny that he could pursue his dream of being an athlete, when he was 15 years old, they ___27___ him up with my Team Triumph, an organization that helps kids with ___28___ engage in endurance (耐力) sports.
Johnny became ___29___ to racing, and Jeff wanted to be a part of it. Jeff began waking up at 4 am to run while ___30___ Johnny in a racing chair. Every morning, he ___31___ himself to run increasingly longer distances.
After 16 hours, 55 minutes and 35 seconds, the father and son ___32___ the finish line together. As the crowd ___33___ and congratulated Johnny, Jeff kept a low ___34___ . “He didn’t want attention to his finish line moment,” says Johnny. “He wanted it to be ___35___ .”
21. A. distinct B. typical C. ambitious D. amateur
22 A. consciously B. anxiously C. hopefully D. literally
23. A. qualify B. emerge C. serve D. continue
24. A. impressive B. smooth C. frightening D. exhausting
25. A. given away B. turned down C. taken on D. held back
26. A. Forced B. Discouraged C. Determined D. Prepared
27. A. signed B. cheered C. lifted D. brought
28. A. experiences B. difficulties C. capacities D. disabilities
29. A. sensitive B. attracted C. limited D. important
30. A. pushing B. comforting C. displaying D. treating
31. A. permitted B. warned C. drove D. persuaded
32. A. drew B. left C. spotted D. crossed
33. A. thanked B. surrounded C. encountered D. disturbed
34. A. voice B. rate C. profile D. grade
35. A. theirs B. mine C. yours D. his
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。父亲Jeff背着脑瘫儿子Johnny参加铁人三项，共同挑战140英里赛程。他们拒绝被残疾束缚，加入公益组织追求运动梦想。经过艰苦努力，父子成功完赛，Jeff默默守护，让荣耀时刻属于儿子。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：59岁的Jeff Agar和他28岁的儿子Johnny Agar不是典型的参与者。A. distinct不同的；B. typical典型的；C. ambitious有雄心壮志的；D. amateur业余的。根据后文的“Johnny has cerebral palsy (脑瘫), resulting in his difficulty walking and muscle weakness. Jeff would act as his arms and legs”可知，Johnny患有脑瘫，导致他行走困难和肌肉无力。Jeff将充当他的胳膊和腿，所以二人不是典型的参与者。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jeff将充当他的胳膊和腿，在整个比赛过程中真正地背负着他儿子的重量。A. consciously有意识地；B. anxiously焦急地；C. hopefully充满希望地；D. literally真正地。根据前文的“Johnny has cerebral palsy (脑瘫), resulting in his difficulty walking and muscle weakness. Jeff would act as his arms and legs”可知，Johnny患有脑瘫，导致他行走困难和肌肉无力，Jeff将充当他的胳膊和腿，Jeff在比赛中会真正地承担起儿子的重量，强调了他作为儿子四肢的角色。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参赛者必须在17小时内完成140英里的游泳、骑自行车和跑步，才能获得完成比赛的资格。A. qualify获得资格；B. emerge出现；C. serve服务；D. continue继续。根据后文的“as completion, competitors must complete a(n) 4 140 miles of swimming, bicycling and running in under 17 hours.”可知，为了在比赛中“获得资格”认定，参赛者需在规定时间内完成指定距离和项目。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参赛者必须在17小时内完成使人精疲力竭的140英里的游泳、骑自行车和跑步，才能获得完成比赛的资格。A. impressive令人印象深刻的；B. smooth平滑的；C. frightening令人害怕的；D. exhausting使人精疲力竭的。根据后文的“140 miles of swimming, bicycling and running in under 17 hours”可知，描述的是铁人三项比赛的总距离，140英里的游泳、自行车和跑步，这是一个极其消耗体力的过程，使人精疲力竭的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从Johnny出生的那一天起，Jeff和他的妻子就拒绝让他们的儿子被残疾所阻止。A. given away赠送；B. turned down拒绝；C. taken on承担；D. held back阻止。根据后文的“by disability”可知，Jeff和妻子决定不让儿子因残疾而受到限制或阻碍，拒绝让他们的儿子被残疾所阻止。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Johnny15岁的时候，为了坚决向他展示他可以追求成为一名运动员的梦想，他们为他报名加入了“我的胜利之队”，这是一个帮助残疾儿童参加耐力运动的组织。A. Forced被迫的；B. Discouraged泄气的；C. Determined坚决的；D. Prepared准备好的。根据后文的“to show Johnny that he could pursue his dream of being an athlete, when he was 15 years old, they 7 him up with my Team Triumph”可知，这里表达的是父母的决心，坚决想要向Johnny展示他可以成为运动员的梦想。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Johnny15岁的时候，为了坚决向他展示他可以追求成为一名运动员的梦想，他们为他报名加入了“我的胜利之队”，这是一个帮助残疾儿童参加耐力运动的组织。A. signed报名；B. cheered欢呼；C. lifted举起；D. brought带来。根据后文的“him up with my Team Triumph, an organization”可知，他们为Johnny报名参加了“我的胜利之队”这个组织。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Johnny15岁的时候，为了坚决向他展示他可以追求成为一名运动员的梦想，他们为他报名加入了“我的胜利之队”，这是一个帮助残疾儿童参加耐力运动的组织。A. experiences经历；B. difficulties困难；C. capacities能力；D. disabilities残疾。根据前文的“From the day Johnny was born, Jeff and his wife refused to let their son be 5 by disability. 6 to show Johnny that he could pursue his dream of being an athlete, when he was 15 years old, they 7 him up with my Team Triumph”可知，Johnny身患残疾，父母为了坚决向他展示他可以追求成为一名运动员的梦想，给他报名了这个组织，所以“我的胜利之队”是一个帮助有残疾的孩子参与耐力运动的组织。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Johnny迷上了比赛，Jeff也想成为其中的一员。A. sensitive敏感的；B. attracted被吸引的；C. limited有限的；D. important重要的。根据后文的“to racing, and Jeff wanted to be a part of it. Jeff began waking up at 4 am to run while 10 Johnny in a racing chair.”可知，Johnny对比赛产生了兴趣和吸引力，Johnny被赛车吸引。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jeff开始在凌晨4点起床跑步，同时推动赛车椅上的约翰尼。A. pushing推；B. comforting安慰；C. displaying展示；D. treating对待。根据后文的“Johnny in a racing chair”可知，Johnny身患残疾，不能自己跑，Jeff每天清晨推着坐在赛车椅上的Johnny跑步训练。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，他都驱使自己跑得更远一点。A. permitted允许；B. warned警告；C. drove驱使；D. persuaded说服。根据后文的“himself to run increasingly longer distances”可知，Jeff驱使自己跑越来越长的距离，体现了自我激励。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：16小时55分35秒后，父子俩一起穿过了终点线。A. drew画；B. left离开；C. spotted发现；D. crossed穿过。根据后文的“the finish line together”可知，父子俩一起穿过了终点线，完成了比赛。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人群围绕并祝贺约Johnny，Jeff保持着低调形象。A. thanked感谢；B. surrounded围绕；C. encountered遇到；D. disturbed打扰。根据后文的“and congratulated Johnny”可知，当父子到达终点时，人群围绕着Johnny表示祝贺。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人群包围并祝贺约Johnny，Jeff保持着低调形象。A. voice声音；B. rate速率；C. profile形象；D. grade等级。根据前文的“Jeff kept a low”和后文“He didn’t want attention to his finish line moment”可知，这里指Jeff保持低调形象，不引起注意。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：他希望它是我的。A. theirs他们的；B. mine我的；C. yours你的；D. his他的。根据前文的“ “He didn’t want attention to his finish line moment,” says Johnny. “He wanted it to be”可知，Jeff希望这一刻的荣耀和焦点完全属于Johnny，因此Johnny说“他希望它是我的”。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Representing wisdom, power, and wealth, dragons are respected and honored in Chinese culture, which are said ___36___ (scare) away evil spirits and bad luck. In ancient times, when there was no rain for a long time, people not only prayed ___37___ rain with a dragon dance, ___38___ prayed against insect attacks after planting.
If you’ve seen a Chinese New Year parade (庆祝游行), you’ve probably seen a colorful dragon ___39___ (wind) its way down the street. The dragon dance, ___40___ time-honored traditional folk activity in Chinese culture dating back to the Han Dynasty 2,000 years ago, ___41___ (observe) during festive celebrations much like the lion dance. Dragon dances can be performed in different ways with dragon costumes of different colors. ___42___ (specific), as many as 9 to 15 dancers use long poles to guide the dragon’s head and snakelike body, the tricks of ___43___ are often jumps or moves that make the dragon turn in ___44___ (variety) of ways.
The culture of dragon and lion dances has spread beyond China to southeast Asia, and even to some regions with significant Chinese communities in Europe, America, Australia, and New Zealand. It has become a ___45___ (substance) symbol of Chinese culture.
【答案】36. to scare
37. for 38. but
39. winding
40. a 41. is observed
42. Specifically
43. whom 44. varieties
45. substantial
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍中国传统的舞龙习俗和文化。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：龙代表着智慧、力量和财富，在中国文化中受到尊重和尊敬，据说龙可以吓跑恶鬼和坏运气。which引导的定语从句谓语为are said，be said to do sth.“据说作某事”为固定搭配，应用scare“使害怕”的不定式。故填to scare。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：在古代，当长时间不下雨时，人们不仅用舞龙祈求下雨，而且在种植后祈祷昆虫袭击。pray for意为“祈祷得到”，为固定短语，与后文pray against形成对比。故填for。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：在古代，当长时间不下雨时，人们不仅用舞龙祈求下雨，而且在种植后祈祷昆虫袭击。 “not only... but...”意为“不仅……而且”，为固定句型。故填but。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你看过中国新年游行，你可能会看到一条彩色的龙在街上蜿蜒而行。see sb/sth doing，“看到某人/某物正在做……”，用wind“蜿蜒”的现在分词，作宾补。故填winding。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：舞龙是中国文化中一项历史悠久的传统民间活动，可以追溯到2000年前的汉代。在节日庆祝活动中，舞龙和舞狮很像。此处泛指“一种历史悠久的传统民间活动”，且time-honored以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：舞龙是中国文化中一项历史悠久的传统民间活动，可以追溯到2000年前的汉代。在节日庆祝活动中，舞龙和舞狮很像。结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且observe“庆祝”与主语The dragon dance之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is observed。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：具体来说，多达9到15名舞者用长杆引导龙头和蛇一样的身体，他们的技巧通常是跳跃或移动，使龙以各种方式转动。本空用副词specifically，意为“具体来说”，作状语，修饰句子。首字母大写。故填Specifically。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：具体来说，多达9到15名舞者用长杆引导龙头和蛇一样的身体，他们的技巧通常是跳跃或移动，使龙以各种方式转动。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是dancers，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作the trick of中of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。the trick of whom构成从句的主语。故填whom。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：具体来说，多达9到15名舞者用长杆引导龙头和蛇一样的身体，他们的技巧通常是跳跃或移动，使龙以各种方式转动。varieties of为固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它已经成为中国文化的重要象征。该空应用形容词substantial“重大的”，作定语，修饰名词symbol。故填substantial。
第三部分: 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分 15分)
46. 你校英文报正在举办主题为“我的人生格言”（“My Life Motto”）的征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 你的人生格言；
2. 该格言的意义；
3. 其对你的影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Life Motto
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
My Life Motto
People have mottos to live by and I am no exception. “You only live once.” That’s my motto, which means so limited is life that we should make the most of it to live the way we won’t regret it.
Ever since I first came across the sentence in a book at an early age, it has served as my life guideline. Every time I am in a dilemma to make a difficult decision, it inspires me to stick to my heart and initial intention to do the right thing. Every time I am about to give up, it inspires me to gather up courage to overcome the hardships and go on.
I believe my motto is making me a better individual and everyone needs one. what is your motto
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校英文报正在举办主题为“我的人生格言”（“My Life Motto”）的征文活动，要求考生按照要求写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
有限的：limited→ finite
充分利用：make the most of→ make full use of
偶然遇见：come across→ run into
充当：serve as→ act as
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：People have mottos to live by and I am no exception.
拓展句：It is mottos that people have to live by and I am no exception.
【点睛】【高分句型1】That’s my motto, which means so limited is life that we should make the most of it to live the way we won’t regret it.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Ever since I first came across the sentence in a book at an early age, it has served as my life guideline.（运用了Ever since引导的时间状语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Javon was the shortest kid in the class. Since the third grade, he had been smaller than every boy and all of the girls. He’d had to ask Ms. Haygood to get his gym locker changed so that he didn’t have to stretch so much to reach it. For most kids, being short would be a problem, but Javon just never let it bother him. Whether he would grow or not, there was nothing he could do. Javon held a similar attitude to most things.
The one exception was school work. Right before the first day of middle school, his dad had a serious talk with him about college. More precisely, his dad told him that college was expensive. College cost more money than a year’s rent on their apartment and the yearly income of either his dad or his mom. Given that, Javon didn’t understand why anyone would want to go to college. His dad explained some people who worked really hard and got good grades paid less or nothing at all for college. It was called a scholarship. Javon nodded, promising his dad that he would work hard and get a scholarship.
And Javon had worked hard. By middle of seventh grade, Javon was one of the top kids in the class. He was still the shortest, but now he also got called one of the smartest. So, he hadn’t been too concerned when Mr. T announced they were starting a new unit in math. The class started normally enough. But then Mr. T threw a letter into his math problem. He smiled at the class like using letters in math was perfectly normal.
For Javon, math used to be easy. But he could not wrap his mind around using these letters. He couldn’t remember the rules Mr. T had given and he didn’t even understood the ones he did remember. Whenever Mr. T tried to explain, Javon seemed to focus so hard on wanting to understand that he didn’t actually hear what Mr. T said. Before he knew it, he was hopelessly lost in math class. Soon the chapter test came.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The test was cruelly challenging for Javon.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Following his parents’ advice, Javon knocked on the door of Mr. T’s office.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
The test was cruelly challenging for Javon. Undoubtedly all the problems involved letters that threw Javon in confusion. Scratching his head hard and shifting restlessly in his seat, he was struggling with every problem and trying to work them out. As the minutes ticked by, the test time was up. Javon found himself not even having one problem completed. Having submitted the paper, he felt the scholarship was slipping through his fingers, leaving him in great despair and a total loss how to face his parents who had always been working hard to pay the bills. That night at home, much to his amazement, they didn’t blame him after learning about his test performance. Instead, they comforted him and suggested he talk with Mr. T.
Following his parents’ advice, Javon knocked on the door of Mr. T’s office. After being admitted into the office, Javon was guilty and tense. Nevertheless, he gathered up courage and whispered, “Mr. T, my test...” He didn’t continue as Mr. T presented his test paper with an “F” on it. Seeing the grade, Javon was seized with a sense of disappointment at himself, tears welling up in his eyes and his mind blank. After what seemed several minutes, he heard Mr. T asking, “What did you do when having difficulty reaching for your gym locker ” Suddenly, Javon realized he should have asked Mr. T for help just like he had asked Ms. Haygood to get his gym locker changed. That day when stepping out of Mr. T’s office, Javon felt a weight off his heart, reflecting upon how to study widely next.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。贾文是班里最矮的学生，自三年级以来就比所有同学矮小。他从不因身高而烦恼，但对学业却极其认真。升入中学前，父亲与他深谈大学教育的高昂费用，并告诉他优异的成绩能获得奖学金，减轻经济负担。贾文承诺会努力学习争取奖学金。到七年级中期，他已成为班级里的佼佼者。然而，当数学课开始涉及字母代数时，贾文感到前所未有的困惑，难以掌握字母运算规则，即使老师解释也难以集中注意力聆听。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“这项测试对贾文来说极具挑战性。”可知，第一段可以描写贾文答题状态和心理活动，以及父母的建议。
②由第二段句首内容“按照父母的建议，贾文敲开了T先生办公室的门。”可知，第二段可以描写老师对贾文的启发。
2. 续写线索：测试开始——努力做题——得知成绩——父母安慰——敲开老师的门——老师启发——继续努力
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①提交：submit/hand in
②面对：face/confront
③责备：blame/reprove
情绪类
①困惑：confusion/puzzlement
②绝望：despair/desperation
【点睛】【高分句型1】Having submitted the paper, he felt the scholarship was slipping through his fingers, leaving him in great despair and a total loss how to face his parents who had always been working hard to pay the bills. (运用了现在分词的完成式Having submitted作状语、现在分词leaving作状语以及who引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】That night at home, much to his amazement, they didn’t blame him after learning about his test performance. (运用了动名词learning作宾语)
【高分句型3】After what seemed several minutes, he heard Mr. T asking, “What did you do when having difficulty reaching for your gym locker ” (运用了what引导的宾语从句以及when引导的时间状语从句中的省略)
