Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years 知识点精讲精练课件（新目标八年级下册）

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人教版 八年级下册
Unit 10
I've had this bike for three years.
知识点精讲精练
1. how long… …多长时间了？
用现在完成时翻译：
1) ——你离开你的家乡多长时间了？——大约两年了。
--- How long have you been away from your hometown
--- For about 2 years.
2) ——你在中国呆多久了？ ——从我10岁的时候开始。
--- How long have you been in China
--- Since I was 10.
How long提问，回答一般用用for+时间段或since+时间点
Language points
how soon… 还要多久… (回答一般为in+时间段)
how often… 多久一次… (回答多用次数)
how far… …多远 (回答用距离)
--- How soon will you be ready？
--- In 5 minutes.
--- How often do you watch TV
--- Three times a week.
--- How far is it from your school to your home
--- 6 kilometers.
--- ___ does it take you to get to school by bike
--- About fifteen minutes.
How soon B. How often
C. How long D. How far
2. since prep. & conj. & adv. ①从…以后 ②因为，既然
since + 过去时间点
I haven’t met him since 2010.
2) since + 一段时间 + ago
I haven’t met him 9 years ago.
3) since + 一般过去时的句子
I haven’t met him since his father died.
自从他父亲去世，我就没见过他。
Language points
I’m forever on a diet, _____ I put on weight easily.
A. so B. but C. although D. since
It ______ twenty years since we last went to the theatre.
A. has B. was C. is D have been
自从…已经…
It is / has been + 时间 + since + 一般过去时句子
3. sale n. 出售, 销售
Chickens are on sale in the market.
小鸡在市场上出售。
I'm sorry; it's not for sale.
抱歉，它不是卖的。
on sale 减价出售
for sale 待售，供出售
Language points
4. bring back ①归还 ②把…送回 ③使想起 ④恢复
He brought me back in his car.
他用车把我送回家。
Please bring back all the library books by the end of the week.
请在周末前把图书馆的书全部归还。
Most people are against bringing back the death penalty.
大多数人反对恢复死刑。
The photos brought back many pleasant memories.
那些老照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。
Language points
5. memory n[C]. 记忆；回忆；内存
have a good / bad / short memory 记性好、差
have a short memory 健忘
bring back memories 唤起回忆
in memory of sb. 用来纪念某人
He held the funeral in memory of his late wife.
他举办葬礼来纪念他已故的妻子。
Language points
6. in need 需要；在困难中 (一般作后置定语)
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难见真情。
be in need of = need 需要
I'll come when you need / are in need of help.
在你需要帮助的时候我会来的。
Language points
—Do you know how I can give away some old things to
the people_______
— Yes, you can put them into the collection box in
your neighborhood.
A. in danger B. in public C. in need D. in order
处于危险中
当众
需要；在困难中
按顺序
Conclusion:
a couple of 表示具体的数量“______”，指两个相同的人或物体；
有时也表示数量不定的“__________”，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。
少数几个
两个
Production
Observe and discuss the usage of a couple of.
1. ① I've had this magazine for a couple of months.
② Mary jogs a couple of miles every morning.
③ They have to wait for a couple of hours for their clothes to
dry completely.
Language points
Conclusion:
1）a bit 表示“_____________”。作副词，表达“程度”时，修
饰动词、形容词、副词或比较级等，a bit 后_____直接接名词。
2）a bit of / a little 后面接_______名词，表示“_____________”。
Production
Observe and discuss the usage of a bit.
2. ① The stories inside may be a bit old, but they're still interesting.
② There is a bit of / a little water in the bottle.
③ You notice that your breathing has speeded up a bit.
Language points
不能
稍微；有点儿
一点；少量的
不可数
Conclusion:
1）check 用作及物动词， 意为“___________”；
2）check out 意为“______________________________”或
“____________”，注意代词放中间。
Production
Observe and discuss the usage of check out.
3. ① And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.
② The Smiths packed and checked out of the hotel .
③ Check out your belongings before getting off the bus.
④ Maybe we ought to go down to the library and check it out.
Language points
察看；观察
检查；审查
结账退房；给······办理结账手续
Please help me clear the rubbish.
请帮我清理一下垃圾。
It was clear from his letter that he was not interested.
从他的信中可以明显看出他不感兴趣。
clear out 清理；丢掉
The shelf in your room is old and useless. Clear it out.
你房间里的架子旧了，而且没什么用。把它丢掉吧。
1. clear vt. 清理, 清除 adj. 清楚的；明显的
Language points
2. part ① vi. 离开；分开
I hate being parted from my friends.
我不愿和朋友们分开。
Please read this before parting with your money.
请先读一下这个再交钱。
part from… 与…分开
part with 放弃，交出 ( 尤指不舍得的东西 )
2. part ② n. 部分
We should take an active part in protecting wild animals.
我们应该积极参与保护野生动物。
Parents play an important part in children’s education.
父母在孩子的教育里起着重要作用。
take (an active) part in (积极)参加
play a part/ role in… 在…扮演角色；在…中起作用
part of… 部分…
3. certain
1）adj. 某种；某事；某人（作定语放名词前）
A certain Mr. Brown phoned while you were out.
你出去的时候，有一位叫布朗的先生来过电话。
There are certain things I just can’t discuss with my mother.
有些事情就是没法和我母亲讨论。
3. certain
2）adj. 肯定的；无疑的（作表语放系动词后）
He is certain to succeed. 他一定会成功。
He is certain of success. 他有把握成功。
I am certain that he will succeed. 我肯定他会成功。
be certain to do 一定会做某事
be certain of sth. 对某事有把握
be certain + that 从句 肯定…
certainly = sure = of course 当然
—Can I open the door
—Certainly.
4. as for 至于；关于（用来开始谈论某人或事，表话题转变）
As for the man, I know nothing about him.
至于那个人，我对他一无所知。
I like playing the guitar, but as for the piano, I’m not very interested.
我喜欢弹吉他，但至于钢琴，我并不很感兴趣。
4. honest adj. 诚实的；老实的
an honest person / boy / face
一个诚实的人/ 男孩/ 一张真诚的面孔
to be honest = honestly = to tell the truth = to be frank
说实在的（在句中作插入语，用逗号与其他成分隔开）
truthful adj. 诚实的；真实的
To be honest/Honestly, I don't know what to do next.
说实在的，我不知道接下来该做什么。
To be honest/To tell the truth, I don’t like your new dress at all.
说实在的，我一点儿也不喜欢你的新连衣裙。
6. while n[C]. 一段时间；一会儿
一般用其单数形式，其前通常加不定冠词a
The postman came a short while ago.
邮递员刚刚来过。
I haven't seen her for a long while.
我好久没有看见她了。
for a while 一会儿
6. while conj. ①当…时，与…同时；② 但是，而=but
Her parents passed away when she was still at school.
她还在读书时父母就去世了。
You can go swimming while I’m having lunch.
我吃午饭时你可以去游泳。
Tom is very good at English while his deskmate is hopeless.
汤姆很擅长英语，而他的同桌不可救药。
一、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. How long have you _______(拥有；有) this lovely pet
2. A ______ (某一) man will visit you tomorrow.
3. My brother is a _______ (职位低下的) officer.
4. Leave the railway. The train is coming in a short ______ (一会儿).
5. You and I must be _______ (诚实的) with each other.
owned
certain
junior
while
truthful
Exercises
二、单项选择
1. _____ movies, the boy likes the action movies best.
A. In fact B. Even though
C. As for D. At first
2. —Do you watch Peppa Pig on TV It’s so funny!
—Well, no, to be ___, I think it’s quite silly. (无锡)
A. curious B. brave C. gentle D. honest
绅士的，文雅的
好奇的
勇敢的
诚实的
Exercises
3. Oh! The room is really in a mess. Could you__the rubbish
A. come out B. clear out
C. give out D. go out
出版；出来；开花
清楚；清理
分发；释放；耗尽
出去
4. Mr. Black walked around and offered help ____we were
doing an experiment. (上海)
A. while B. although C. until D. unless
Exercises
5. My sister loves her toys very much, so she feels sad when she has to ______them.
play with
agree with
part with
D. share with
和…玩耍
同意某人的意见
放弃，交出
和…分享
Exercises
1. Even though it’s old, it’s full of interesting places to see and things to do. 虽然是个老城镇，但是有很多有意思的东西可以看以及事情可以做。
even though = even if 即使；虽然，引导让步状语从句
e.g. I’ll get there, even though I have to walk.
即使我必须步行，也会到那儿的。
I like her, even though she can be lazy at times.
我喜欢她，虽然可能她有时会发懒。
be full of = be filled with 充满；装满
e.g. The kitchen was full of smoke.
厨房里全是烟。
Life’s full of surprises, isn’t it
生活真是充满了意想不到的事，对吧？
Her eyes filled with tears.
她的双眼噙满了泪水。
The air was filled with the sound of children’s laughter. 空气中充满着孩子们的笑声。
2. Yes, that’s one of the oldest buildings in this town.
是的，那是这个镇上最老的建筑之一。
one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 最……之一
e.g. Tom is one of the tallest boys in our class.
Tom是我们班最高的男孩之一。
It’s one of the most beautiful songs I’ve ever heard.
这是我听过的最好听的歌曲之一。
3. Many families go there on weekends to let the kids run around and climb the hills.
许多家庭在周末带着孩子们去那里玩耍和爬山。
let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
e.g. Don’t let the boy take care of his sister; he’s too young. 别让这个男孩照看他妹妹，他太小了。
Let me help you with your homework.
让我帮你做作业吧！
4. It’s been around for as long as I can remember.
从我记事起它就在那里。
as…as… 和……一样……，as之间跟形容词或副词原形
e.g. I met an old woman with hair as white as snow.
我碰见一个白发如雪的老太太。
Please let me know your decision as soon as possible.
请尽快告诉我你的决定。
as long as = only if 只要，引导条件状语从句
e.g. We’ll go as long as the weather is good.
只要天气好，我们就去。
As long as we keep playing well, we’ll keep winning games.
只要我们一直都打得好，我们就会一直赢下去。
5. It’s been around for at least 20 years.
它在这至少已经20年了。
at least 至少；不少于；起码
e.g. Cut the grass at least once a week in summer.
夏季一周至少除草一次。
You could at least listen to what he says.
你起码可以听听他说什么了。
at (the) most 至多；不超过
e.g. It costs, at most, only a few dollars.
它最多只花了几美元。
She only worked here for a month or two at the most.
她在这儿最多只工作了一到两个月。
for 和 since 在现在完成时中的应用
for与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：
(1) for后须接“时间段”
e.g. He has studied English for five years.
(2) since后须接“时间点”
e.g. He has studied English since 1999.
(3) 二者可以转换
for +一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ago
e.g. He has been here for five weeks.
= He has been here since five weeks ago.
for 和 since 在现在完成时中的应用
(4) since能引导时间状语从句(主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时)，而for则不能。
e.g. He has taught here since he came to China.
We have been friends since we met in school.
(5) 现在完成时常用句型：
①It is/has been +时间段+ since +时间状语或从句
e.g. It is four days since last Friday.
It has been two years since Jim came to Beijing.
(6) 均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延续性动词的否定式连用。
e.g. I have bought this computer since four years ago. (×)
I have had this computer since four years ago. (√)
I haven’t bought anything for two months.(√ )
I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks. (√)
1. search v. 搜索；搜查
I search among the rocks, but there was nothing.
我在岩石间搜寻，但那里什么也没有。
You can search for information on the Internet.
= You can search the Internet for information.
你可以通过网络搜寻信息。
search(...)for... 搜(…)寻…
Language points
search 接人时，指搜某人的身； 接地点时，指搜查寻处 The policeman searched the thief but found nothing. 那个警察搜了那个小偷的身，但什么都没发现。
search for 后直接跟要寻找的人或事物 They are searching for the missing dog. 他们在寻找那条丢失的狗。
search...for... 为了找…而搜查… Mary is searching her bag for her keys. 玛丽正在包里找她的钥匙。
Language points
in search of… 为了寻找…
I walked into a bookstore in search of some books that I wanted.
我走进一家书店寻找几本我想要的书。
1. search n. 搜索；搜查
Language points
2. among prep. 在(其)中；…之一
among用于表示三者或三者以上的人或事物之中的一个
He climbed up the tree and hid among the branches.
他爬上树，藏在树枝之中。
between用于表示两者之中
There is a picture between the two windows.
这两扇窗户间有一幅画。
Language points
3. shame n. 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧
表抽象的“羞耻；耻辱”时为n[U].
表具体的“可耻的人、事或物”时为n[C].
She covered her face with her hands in shame.
她羞愧地用手遮住了脸。
He is a shame to us. 他是我们引以为耻的人。
Language points
to one's shame 令某人感到羞愧地
in / with shame 羞愧地
a sense of shame 羞耻感
What a shame！/ It is a shame. 多遗憾！/ 真可惜。
To my shame, I left him alone at home.
让我感到羞愧的是，我把他一个人留在了家里。
Language points
4. regard v. 将…认为；把…视为；看待
regard...as... 把…视为…
I regard him as a friend of mine.
我把他视为我的一个朋友。
as regards… 关于, 至于 = as for…
As regards him, he is a clever but lazy boy.
至于他,他是一个聪明但懒惰的男孩儿。
Language points
regards n. 致意，问候
Give your brother my regards when you see him.
看到你哥哥时，代我向他问好。
give sb. regards 问候某人
Language points
They stood there, considering the painting.
他们站在那里，凝视着那副画。
consider (doing) sth. 考虑(做)某事
He is considering going to see her.
他正在考虑去见她。
翻译：为什么不考虑举办个庭院拍卖会呢？
Why not consider having a yard sale
5. consider v. ① 注视 ② 仔细考虑 (= think about)
③ 认为 (= think of)
Language points
consider...(as).../consider...(to be)... 把…视为… / 认为…是…
We considered it (as) part of her work.
我们认为这是她工作的一部分。
She considers him (to be) a good teacher.
她认为他是一位好老师。
Language points
5. consider v. ① 注视 ② 仔细考虑 (= think about)
③ 认为 (= think of)
consider + that 从句 认为… (= think + that从句)
He considers that having money is a little bit important.
他认为有钱并不怎么重要。
considerate adj. 体贴的；深思熟虑的
considerable adj. 相当多的；相当大的
Language points
5. consider v. ① 注视 ② 仔细考虑 (= think about)
③ 认为 (= think of)
6. count v. 数数；计算；重要 (= matter)
The 3-year-old boy can count from 1 to 100.
这个3岁的小男孩可以从1数到100。
She is counting the calories since she’s on a diet.
她在计算卡路里，因为她在节食减肥。
Every point in the game counts / matters.
这场比赛的每一分都很重要。
countless adj. 数不清的；无数的 = numerous
Language points
7. according to 依据；按照
according to sb. = in one’s opinion 在某人看来
According to George, she's a really good teacher.
按照乔治的说法，她是一位真正的好老师。
Language points
8. opposite
常与名词一起构成介词短语，表方位。
The bank is opposite the bus stop.
银行在公交车站的对面。
1) prep. 与…相对；在…对面 = across from
Language points
We live on the opposite side of the road.
我们住在马路对面。
be opposite to 和…相对
Her house is opposite to mine.
她的房子与我的房子相对。
2) adj. 对面的，另一边的
Language points
3) adv. 在对面
There's an old man living opposite.
有一个老人住在对面。
4) n. 对立面；反义词 (常与介词of一起使用)
“Tall” is the opposite of “short”
“高”是“矮”的反义词。
Language points
9. especially adv. 尤其；特别；格外
用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性
I love to travel to Italy, especially in summer.
我喜欢去意大利旅行，尤其是在夏天。
especial adj. 特别的；特殊的
Language points
10. hold v. 拥有；抓住；抱住；使保持；容纳；举行
(hold - held - held)
The plane holds about 300 passengers.
这架飞机可以容纳大约300名乘客。
He holds a different view on education.
他对教育有着不同的看法。
I held the mouse by its tails.
我抓着耗子尾巴倒提起来。
hold a view (on…)
(对…)持有观点
Language points
10. hold v. 拥有；抓住；抱住；使保持；容纳；举行
(hold - held - held)
The meeting will be held in the city center.
会议将在市中心举行。
The lover held each other close.
这对恋人紧紧相拥。
Hold your breath and hold your head up.
屏住呼吸然后抬起头来。
hold the breath 屏住呼吸
hold the head up 抬起头
Language points
一、根据句意及汉语提示或首字母提示写出单词
1. ________ (现今) most kids prefer watching TV to reading.
2. The church was built in the 13th________ (世纪).
3. She has been writing poems since her_________ ( 童年).
4. He had to run to the o side of the road.
5. He e likes watching Disney cartoon movies.
Nowadays
century
childhood
pposite
specially
Exercises
二、单项选择
1. Sleeping is a popular way to relax ____ students. (临沂)
on B. among C. about D. between
2. —How many apples are there
—I don't know. Let me ________ them.
A. make B. count C. wash D. lend
Exercises
3. —I don't know where to go this summer vacation.
—Why not _____ visiting Qingdao There are many places of interest there.
A. suggest B. wonder C. consider D. regard
4. —I haven't been back to my hometown for years.
—________. You must miss your parents very much.
A. Of course B. No way
C. No, you haven't D. It's a shame
5. — Have you heard about Zhangjiajie Glass Footbridge
— Of course, it’s built over a _______canyon in the
Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. (连云港)
A. 300-meter-deep B. 300-meters-deep
C. 300 meter deep D. 300-meters deep
“基数词 - 单数名词 - 形容词”可构成复合形容词