2024年“江南十校”高二年级联考
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1 Why does the woman need help
A. She finds the directions difficult.
B. She has never baked before.
C. She doesn’t have a recipe.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom.
3. What does the man want to do
A. Admire the scenery. B. Continue walking. C. Have a rest.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. The woman’s indecision about going abroad.
B. The advantage of homestay accommodation.
C. The woman’s fear of traveling.
5. What do we know about the woman
A. She is more sensitive to hot weather than the man.
B. She wants to buy an air conditioner.
C. She cooled herself down by a fan.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
6. What is the woman planning to do next year
A. Row a race. B. Compete in a marathon. C. Improve her health.
7. What food does the woman value most at present
A. Meat. B. Rice. C. Vegetables.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers organizing
A. A corporate dinner. B. A wedding celebration. C. A birthday party.
9. When will the event take place
A. On July 10th. B. On August 10th. C. On September 10th.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where did the woman know about the advertisement
A. On the Internet. B. From a newspaper. C. From her friend.
11. Why will the man sell the dining table
A. He has bought a smaller one.
B. He doesn’t like it anymore.
C. He will move house.
12. What will the woman probably do this afternoon
A. Talk with her friend. B. Check on the dining table. C. Tidy up her room.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man doing
A. Painting a picture. B. Admiring a masterpiece. C. Having his meal.
14. What does the woman think of the food at the canteen
A. Disappointing. B. Acceptable. C. Satisfactory.
15. What dishes does the woman like best
A. Hot dogs and ground beef. B. Rice and fish. C. Bread and fish.
16. What does the woman suggest doing for the talent show
A. Singing a song. B. Bringing some food. C. Creating a backdrop.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker
A. A teacher. B. A manager. C. A film-maker.
18. How did the speaker feel after his first project
A. Joyful. B. Proud. C. Nervous.
19. When do the courses end
A. In July. B. In August. C. In September.
20. What does Pow Pictures offer throughout the year
A. Graphic design courses.
B. Language learning programs.
C Job opportunities.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There’s nothing so annoying as a broken bike. If there’s something wrong with your bicycle, stop using it and have it checked and fixed by MacBike’s expert mechanics (机修工).
FIXED WITHIN ONE DAY
Most of our repairs are done by our bike mechanics within one day, so if you bring your bike in the morning you can pick it up at the end of the day.
FREE LOAN BIKE
If repairs are 35 Euros or more, you will find free replacement transport ready and waiting for you. This loan bike will have you back on the road within 10 minutes!
BOVAG CERTIFIED
We are a BOVAG-certified bike repair shop. We follow specialized workshops annually so we can deliver high-quality services to our customers. We handle BOVAG guarantee and BOVAG terms of delivery.
Where
MacBike has three shops for bicycle sales and repair shops in the city centre of Amsterdam: 38th Avenue, 30th Avenue, 45th Avenue.
Business Hours
Monday-Saturday from 09:00-18:00
Closed on
25 & 26 December.
1 January
27 April
Telephone Number
0031 (0)20 428 14 40
Getting There
Bus 9, 14
Subway 51, 53, 54
1. How long will it take for a MacBike’s worker to fix a broken bike
A. A day. B. A week. C. A morning. D. An afternoon.
2. What can be inferred about BOVAG from the text
A. It is located in Amsterdam. B. It has the public recognition.
C. It offers professionals to the shop. D. It has three shops in the city center.
3. How could a visitor pay a visit to the MacBike’s repair shop
A. By taking Bus 53. B. By taking Subway 51.
C. By riding a loan bike. D. By going there on Christmas.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是自行车销售和维修店MacBike的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据FIXED WITHIN ONE DAY部分的“Most of our repairs are done by our bike mechanics within one day, so if you bring your bike in the morning you can pick it up at the end of the day.(我们的大部分维修都是在一天内由我们的自行车修理工完成的，所以如果你早上把你的自行车带来，你可以在一天结束的时候来取。)”可知，MacBike的工人修理一辆坏了的自行车需要一天。故选A。
2题详解】
推理判断题。根据BOVAG CERTIFIED部分的“We are a BOVAG-certified bike repair shop.(我们是BOVAG认证的自行车维修店。)”可知，BOVAG是公众认可的，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Getting There部分的“Subway 51, 53, 54(地铁51，53，54)”可知，游客可以乘51号地铁去MacBike的维修店，故选B。
B
When 12-year-old Erica Fernandez volunteered to help clean up the beach in her new hometown, Oxnard, California, she could barely speak English. She was just a kid helping 20 adults take care of the beach. She and her family had recently arrived in California from a small town in Mexico.
Erica started going door to door in her mainly Spanish-speaking farmworker community. “I always loved the ocean,” she says, “so it made me really sad to see this beautiful beach full of trash. That’s why I decided to help.”
Erica cared too much to stay silent. Having grown up in a tiny town in the Mexican state of Michoacán, she had a strong motivation to care for nature. “We grew our own food and raised our own animals. Taking care of nature was part of survival.” She wanted to bring that same spirit to her new life in California.
As her English improved, she talked to kids in her high school about what was going on. “I didn’t know if they would listen to me. My English wasn’t good and I was only sixteen,” she says. As she nervously approached the microphone, she was informed that time was running out. One minute and thirty seconds was all she had. “I couldn’t give my prepared speech, so I just spoke from my heart.”
The result was electrifying. When Erica was finished, people stood up and broke into applause. One of the teachers said, “I’m very moved by your words, Erica. When I was your age, I was playing video games.”
Only the second person in her family to go to college, Erica wants to become an environmental lawyer so she can fight for the environment and for the rights of communities. She wants other young people to speak out when they see something wrong, even if they feel shy about it at first. “We are the future. The future is ours.”
4. Why did the author mention Erica’s words in Paragraph 2
A. To show gratitude to her action. B. To advocate learning from her.
C. To clarify the reason for her help. D. To think highly of her devotion.
5. According to the passage, what can we learn about Erica
A. She was the only college student in her family.
B. She volunteered to clean up the garbage on Spanish beaches.
C. She spent her childhood in a small town in Mexico.
D. She couldn’t speak either English or Spanish in California.
6. What do we know about Erica’s speech
A. The device disturbed her performance.
B. The audience was greatly encouraged.
C. It affected people’s attitude to playing games.
D. Erica expressed her inner thoughts fluently.
7. From which is this text most probably taken
A. A geography textbook. B. A health report.
C. A scientific website. D. An environmental magazine.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是主人公Erica Fernandez志愿清理海滩垃圾的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的““I always loved the ocean,” she says, “so it made me really sad to see this beautiful beach full of trash. That’s why I decided to help.”(“我一直很喜欢海洋，”她说，“所以看到这个美丽的海滩上到处都是垃圾，我真的很难过。这就是我决定帮忙的原因。”)”可知，Erica看到美丽的海滩到处都是垃圾，她感到很难过，所以决定帮忙清理海滩，由此可知，她的话告知了自己行为的原因。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Having grown up in a tiny town in the Mexican state of Michoacán, she had a strong motivation to care for nature.(她在墨西哥Michoacán州的一个小镇长大，有强烈的动机去关心自然。)”可知，她在墨西哥的一个小镇长大。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The result was electrifying.(结果令人振奋。)”以及“When Erica was finished, people stood up and broke into applause.(当Erica讲完时，人们站起来，爆发出热烈的掌声。)”可知，演讲令人振奋，且演讲结束后，人们站起来鼓掌，由此可知，此次演讲很成功，人们受到鼓舞并起立鼓掌。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“When 12-year-old Erica Fernandez volunteered to help clean up the beach in her new hometown, Oxnard, California, she could barely speak English.(当12岁的Erica Fernandez在她的新家乡加州奥克斯纳德志愿帮助清理海滩时，她几乎不会说英语。)”以及下文中的介绍的她为了清理海滩所作出的努力可知，本文主要讲述的是主人公志愿清理海滩垃圾的故事，属于环境保护类话题，由此可知推断，本文有可能会出自环境杂志。故选D项。
C
Social events are understandably taxing on your mind and body. But you’ve probably heard that extroverts gain vivacity from being around other people, while introverts get their energy from being alone. Does this mean that extroverts don’t get tired of socializing
We all fall somewhere on a scale between introversion and extroversion — nobody is only one or the other. The impact of your personality preference on your in-the-moment behaviour varies depending on the situation.
In studies that have tested levels of extroversion, results indicate that there’s a connection between a more introverted personality and fatigue (疲劳). It’s not simply the case that extroverts never tire of social interaction, though. It’s just that the upper limit will vary from person to person.
Research into the fatiguing effects of social interactions has identified some common factors among those considered most tiring. Conversations that were long, difficult or intense, felt more tiring. If a person was trying hard to make a good impression or meeting lots of new people, they were more likely to feel exhausted afterward. Conflict and complaint also took more energy.
This means that it may be possible to reduce the tiring effect of socializing by actively seeking encounters that make you feel at ease, that don’t involve too many new people or that allow for breaks during long conversations.
It’s thought that the emotions you experience during social events can also have an effect on your feelings of fatigue. If you have to spend a long time suppressing (抑制) your true feelings, or showing a certain emotion that’s at odds with what you really feel, you could be more prone to (倾向于) emotional exhaustion.
For example, “service with a smile” jobs could make servers more tired, and care workers who are unable to show their sadness or fear for their patients may find themselves emotionally exhausted outside of work. To get rid of this, it’s suggested that you make time to express your negative feelings and accept and acknowledge that they’re reasonable, reducing the emotional disharmony wherever possible.
8. What does the underlined word “vivacity” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Harm. B. Energy. C. Humor D. Inspiration.
9. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4
A. The consequence of tiredness.
B. The way of getting rid of tiredness.
C. The reason why socializing causes tiredness.
D. The importance of keeping away from tiredness.
10. What is an effective way to avoid fatigue when socializing
A. Sleep after socializing.
B. Have a rest after talking much.
C. Involve yourself in an activity with more people.
D. Making more friends puts you at ease.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. It is better to develop more optimistic character.
B. People taking a job that requires a smile can feel happier.
C. It is better to accept and acknowledge valid positive feelings.
D. Care workers had better show negative feelings for their well-being.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了外向型人和内向型人在社交活动中疲劳感的差异，并指出性格类型并非决定性因素，而是受具体情况和个人经历影响。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“But you’ve probably heard that extroverts gain vivacity from being around other people, while introverts get their energy from being alone.(但你可能听说过，外向的人从周围的人那里获得vivacity，而内向的人从独处中获得能量)”中连词while(而，然而)可知，句中将外向的人和内向的人进行对比，对比了他们获得vivacity和energy的不同途径，两个词语意一致，都是“活力”的意思。故选B项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Research into the fatiguing effects of social interactions has identified some common factors among those considered most tiring. Conversations that were long, difficult or intense, felt more tiring. If a person was trying hard to make a good impression or meeting lots of new people, they were more likely to feel exhausted afterward. Conflict and complaint also took more energy.(对社交互动的疲劳效应的研究已经确定了一些常见的因素，这些因素被认为是最累的。长时间、困难或激烈的谈话会让人感觉更累。如果一个人努力想给人留下好印象，或者想见很多新朋友，那么之后他们更有可能感到筋疲力尽。冲突和抱怨也消耗了更多的精力)”可知，第四段主要介绍了社交导致疲劳的各种原因。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“This means that it may be possible to reduce the tiring effect of socializing by actively seeking encounters that make you feel at ease, that don’t involve too many new people or that allow for breaks during long conversations.(这意味着积极地寻找让你感觉轻松的交往，不涉及太多的新朋友，或者在长时间的交谈中允许休息，可能会减少社交的疲劳效应)”可知，在社交中，说了很多话后休息一下可以避免疲劳。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““service with a smile” jobs could make servers more tired, and care workers who are unable to show their sadness or fear for their patients may find themselves emotionally exhausted outside of work. To get rid of this, it’s suggested that you make time to express your negative feelings and accept and acknowledge that they’re reasonable(“微笑服务”的工作可能会让服务员更加疲惫，而那些无法向病人表达悲伤或恐惧的护理人员可能会发现自己在工作之余情绪疲惫。为了摆脱这种情况，建议你花时间表达你的负面情绪，接受并承认它们是合理的)”可知，作者认为护理人员需要表现出负面情绪，这样有利于他们的健康。故选D项。
D
Psychologists Edward Deci and Richard Ryan tried to find the core of living well. Their research in self-determination theory conducted over the course of four decades with a network of 500 participants in 39 countries, has found that the experience of happiness is affected by the satisfaction of basic psychological needs to feel competent, self-determining, and positively related to other people in the activities of one’s life. These are universal needs, observed across all stages of life and in every culture in which studies have been conducted, and they help explain the truth in the ancient ideal of happiness, or human flourishing (繁荣).
According to this ideal, living well involves fulfilling one’s human potential in ways that are admirable, sustainable (可持续的), and personally satisfying. Ryan and Deci identifies three broad forms of potential: social, intellectual, and productive/creative. In other words, the forms are psychologically linked to the satisfaction of human beings’ universal basic needs for positive relatedness, self-determination, and competence. Fulfilling all three forms of potential is the key to happiness, and shaping our lives and institutions accordingly would be much more matched with sustainability than pursuing wealth without limit.
A related finding, which is very important for the pursuit of sustainability, is that escape from poverty is important to happiness but the pursuit of wealth, status (地位), and image as life goals is less beneficial to happiness than the pursuit of life goals that directly fulfill our basic forms of potential and satisfy our related psychological needs. Societies that have promoted the accumulation of wealth without limit have not raised their general level of happiness by doing so. It should be evident to any observer of life in the U.S. that as wealth and inequality have grown, most Americans have become more painfully focused on occupational insecurity and on status competition that has simply become more expensive and less sustainable.
As a consequence, we could be happier both now and in the future if we could overcome the blind faith in wealth accumulation that shaped the socially, politically and environmentally unstable world with which we must now deal.
12. What did Deci and Ryan find in their research
A. Happiness is only determined by oneself.
B. 500 people feel competent in their lives.
C. People should spend 4 decades to meet the basic needs.
D. Every culture has the similar understanding of happiness.
13. How can we live well according to the research
A. By achieving our potential. B. By shaping our lives and institutions.
C. By pursuing wealth without any limit. D. By identifying three forms of potential.
14. Why did the author mention America in the third paragraph
A. To show the importance of wealth.
B. To present the necessity of escape from poverty.
C. To introduce the new finding of the pursuit of life goals.
D. To prove the wrong concept between money and happiness.
15. What is the author’s attitude to the world nowadays
A. Confident. B. Supportive. C. Disappointed. D. Unconcerned.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了自我决定理论对于幸福和可持续性的理解，并强调了追求基本心理需求的满足和多种形式的潜力实现对于幸福的重要性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Their research in self-determination theory conducted over the course of four decades with a network of 500 participants in 39 countries, has found that the experience of happiness is affected by the satisfaction of basic psychological needs to feel competent, self-determining, and positively related to other people in the activities of one’s life. These are universal needs, observed across all stages of life and in every culture in which studies have been conducted, and they help explain the truth in the ancient ideal of happiness, or human flourishing (繁荣).(他们对自我决定理论进行了长达40年的研究，研究对象是来自39个国家的500名参与者。他们发现，幸福的体验受到基本心理需求的满足的影响，这些心理需求是指在生活活动中感到自己有能力、自我决定，并与他人积极联系。这些都是普遍的需求，在生命的各个阶段和进行研究的每种文化中都能观察到，它们有助于解释古代幸福或人类繁荣理想的真相。)”可知，Deci和Ryan在他们的研究中发现了每种文化对幸福都有相似的理解。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“According to this ideal, living well involves fulfilling one’s human potential in ways that are admirable, sustainable (可持续的), and personally satisfying.(根据这一理想，生活得好包括以令人钦佩的、可持续的和个人满意的方式实现一个人的潜能。)”可知，通过发挥我们的潜力我们才能生活得更好。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Societies that have promoted the accumulation of wealth without limit have not raised their general level of happiness by doing so. It should be evident to any observer of life in the U.S. that as wealth and inequality have grown, most Americans have become more painfully focused on occupational insecurity and on status competition that has simply become more expensive and less sustainable.(那些无限制地促进财富积累的社会，并没有因此提高他们的总体幸福水平。任何观察美国生活的人都应该很清楚，随着财富和不平等的加剧，大多数美国人更加痛苦地关注职业不安全感和地位竞争，这种竞争变得更加昂贵，更不可持续。)”可知，作者在第三段提到了美国是为了证明金钱和幸福之间的错误概念。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“As a consequence, we could be happier both now and in the future if we could overcome the blind faith in wealth accumulation that shaped the socially, politically and environmentally unstable world with which we must now deal.(因此，如果我们能够克服对财富积累的盲目信仰，我们现在和将来都会更幸福。正是这种盲目信仰造就了我们现在必须面对的社会、政治和环境不稳定的世界。)”可知，作者对当今世界的态度是失望的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两处为多余选项。
As global warming heats up, humans will suffer from rising temperatures. ____16____.
In recent years, scientists have found links between human-caused climate change and heat stress. This can lower milk production. The researchers studied 48 Holstein cows. ____17____ Over the course of two weeks, half of the cows were exposed to approximately 98-degree heat. The other half were housed in neutral conditions (中性条件). All of the cows were milked twice a day. The researchers tracked everything from their vital signs to their weight, feed intake and milk yields. ____18____ The research was published in the Journal of Dairy Science.
____19____ The heat-stressed cows had higher insulin (胰岛素) levels. They ate and drank less, too. The researchers also analyzed blood samples from the cows. The heat-stressed cows developed leaky gut (肠子) within just three days. The condition occurs when bacteria and other material “leak’s” trough weakened parts of the intestinal wall (肠壁). This can cause inflammation in cows.
____20____ When they fed them a special mix of organic acids and pure botanicals, their guts became less permeable. The cows ate more. Thy produced more milk. That dietary solution could help prevent some of the billions of dollars in comic losses related to heat stressed cows. The research could eventually lead to changes in feed formulations.
A. But the researchers also found a way to help cows deal with heat.
B. As predicted, the warm cows’ milk production declined.
C. But how will climate change affect cows
D. When exposed to heat, the cows ate less and drank less.
E. Heat stress can also lead to diseases and other issues in dairy cows.
F. They housed them in temperature-controlled stalls.
G. However, there are many measures we can take to deal with the problem.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了气候变化对奶牛的奶产量所产生的影响，气温越高，牛奶产量越低。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“As global warming heats up, humans will suffer from rising temperatures.(随着全球变暖的加剧，人类将受到气温升高的影响)”可知，全球变暖导致人类受到影响，根据下文中的“In recent years, scientists have found links between human-caused climate change and heat stress. This can lower milk production.(近年来，科学家们发现了人类引起的气候变化和热应激之间的联系。这会降低产奶量。)”可知，温度升高会降低奶牛的奶产量，由此可知，此空应引出下文中谈论气温上升对奶牛有影响，C选项“But how will climate change affect cows (但是气候变化将如何影响奶牛呢？)”呼应空前的内容且引出下文话题，符合语境。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“The researchers studied 48 Holstein cows.(研究人员研究了48头荷斯坦奶牛。)”以及空后的“Over the course of two weeks, half of the cows were exposed to approximately 98-degree heat. The other half were housed in neutral conditions (中性条件). All of the cows were milked twice a day.(在两周的时间里，一半的奶牛暴露在大约98度的高温下。另一半则被安置在中性条件中。所有的奶牛一天挤两次奶。)”可知，本段描述了研究的过程和方法，F选项“They housed them in temperature-controlled stalls.(研究人员们把奶牛安置在控制温度的牛棚里。)”仍然在谈论研究方法，符合语境。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据空前“Over the course of two weeks, half of the cows were exposed to approximately 98-degree heat. The other half were housed in neutral conditions (中性条件). All of the cows were milked twice a day. The researchers tracked everything from their vital signs to their weight, feed intake and milk yields.(在两周的时间里，一半的奶牛暴露在大约98度的高温下。另一半则被安置在中性环境中。所有的奶牛一天挤两次奶。研究人员追踪了从它们的生命体征到体重、采食量和产奶量的一切。)”可知，此处描述了研究的过程和方法，结合空后的“The research was published in the Journal of Dairy Science.(这项研究发表在《乳品科学杂志》上。)”可知，该项研究发表在相应的杂志上，由此可推断，此空讲述的应与研究发现相关，B选项“As predicted, the warm cows’ milk production declined.(正如预测的那样，温暖条件下的奶牛的产奶量下降了。)”讲述的是研究的结果，符合语境。故选B项。
【19题详解】
分析语篇可知，此空为本段的主题句，根据空后的“The heat-stressed cows had higher insulin (胰岛素) levels. They ate and drank less, too. The researchers also analyzed blood samples from the cows. The heat-stressed cows developed leaky gut (肠子) within just three days.(热应激奶牛的胰岛素水平更高。它们也少吃少喝。研究人员还分析了奶牛的血液样本。热应激的奶牛在短短三天内就出现了肠漏。)”可知，研究表明热应激会导致牛的胰岛素更高，而且奶牛在三天内还会出现肠漏，由此可知，本段主要讲述的是热应激导致的一些问题。E选项“Heat stress can also lead to diseases and other issues in dairy cows.(热应激也会导致奶牛的疾病和其他问题。)”概括了本段讲述的内容，为本段落的总起句，符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
分析语篇可知，此空为本段的主题句，根据空后的“When they fed them a special mix of organic acids and pure botanicals, their guts became less permeable.(当研究人员给他们喂食有机酸和纯植物的特殊混合物时，他们的肠道变得不那么容易渗透。)”可知，给奶牛喂食有机酸和纯植物的特殊混合物时，牛的肠道就不容易渗透，由此可知，本段讲述的事研究人员找到了一种帮助奶牛处理热量的方法，A选项“But the researchers also found a way to help cows deal with heat.(但研究人员也发现了一种帮助奶牛应对高温的方法。)”讲述的内容与上文为转折关系，且概括了本段要讲述的内容，符合语境。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识应用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
23-year-old Ganesh Baraiya is living proof that nothing is impossible. Despite facing ____21____ because of his short stature, he managed to become the world’s shortest doctor.
Ganesh Baraiya was born in the Talaia Thaluka area of Gujarat, India, and faced adversity (逆境) from a very young age. He was born normal. ____22____, at the age of four, his parents noticed that his head was ____23____ his body, so they took him to a doctor. They learned that the boy suffered from an ____24____ condition and there was nothing anyone could do. Wanting to help her son, Ganesh’s mother put a tub-like helmet on his head to prevent it from growing and give his body a chance to ____25____. In school, he was often ____26____ because of his large head and short stature, but he also had friends who ____27____ him and he was able to focus on his studies.
Despite his physical limitations, Ganesh Baraya was always very ____28____. He knew he wanted to be a doctor from a very young age, and put all his energy into his studies, working hard to get high grades. When the time came, he applied for a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degree (MBBS), only to be ____29____ because of his dwarfism (侏儒症). Despite his good test results, the Medical Council of India rejected his application because of his height (only three feet), _____30_____ that he wouldn’t be able to perform his duties in emergency cases.
Ganesh was shocked by the rejection, but he wasn’t about to give up on his dream. With the help of his school principal, he _____31_____ the District Collector, then the state Education Minister, and _____32_____ knocked on the doors of the Gujarat High Court. _____33_____ of his efforts were successful, but he refused to give up. His case reached India’s Supreme Court, and justice was _____34_____ done. In 2018, India’s top court of law awarded Ganesh the right to enroll in an MBBS, and he did just that the following year.
“I was very disappointed three years ago, but I refused to accept their refusal. Now I am very happy that I got justice from the Supreme Court,” Ganesh said. “Now I am on the way to fulfill the dream I’ve _____35_____ since childhood. I know I’m different, but I want to live a good life like other people and make my parents proud.”
21. A. disappointment B. embarrassment C. discrimination D. distinction
22. A. However B. But C. Instead D. Thus
23. A. matching B. outgrowing C. overflowing D. overdoing
24. A. unbearable B. inefficient C. unavoidable D. incurable
25. A. catch up B. take up C. make up D. put up
26. A. encouraged B. recognized C. teased D. complained
27. A. turned to B. stood by C. counted on D. referred to
28. A. humorous B. curious C. creative D. ambitious
29. A. denied B. replaced C. admitted D. reserved
30. A. warning B. claiming C. proving D. hoping
31. A. threatened B. recommended C. tracked D. contacted
32. A. only B. still C. even D. also
33. A. None B. Any C. Some D. Nothing
34. A. hardly B. never C. initially D. finally
35. A. acquired B. cherished C. dominated D. escaped
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了印度医生Ganesh Baraiya并没有因为自己身材矮小，受到歧视而放弃自己的梦想，相反一直努力，让自己更优秀的同时不忘争取自己的合法权利，最终成为一名优秀的医生。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管因为身材矮小而受到歧视，他还是成为了世界上最矮的医生。A. disappointment失望；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. discrimination歧视；D. distinction区别。根据下文中的“because of his short stature”可知，Ganesh Baraiya身材矮小，由此可推断，此处指的是因此而受到“歧视”符合语境。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他四岁时候，他的父母注意到他的头比他的身体长，所以他们带他去看医生。A. However然而；B. But但是；C. Instead代替，反而；D. Thus因此。根据上文中的“He was born normal.”可知，他生下来是正常的，结合下文中的“at the age of four, his parents noticed that his head was ____3____ his body, so they took him to a doctor.”可知，在他4岁的时候，由于身体的一些一样带父母带他去看医生，上下文之间为转折关系，空后有“逗号”，所以使用however。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他四岁的时候，他的父母注意到他的头比他的身体长得大，所以他们带他去看医生。A. matching匹配；B. outgrowing比……长的大；C. overflowing溢出；D. overdoing做的过分。根据下文中的“because of his large head and short stature”可知，他有个大头和短小的身体，由此可推断，此处指的是他的头“比身体”长得大。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们了解到这个男孩患有不治之症，任何人都无能为力。A. unbearable难以忍受的；B. inefficient效率低的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. incurable不能治愈的。根据下文中的“and there was nothing anyone could do.”可知，没有任何医生可做任何事情，由此可知，这个男孩患上“不能治愈的”疾病，符合语境。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了帮助儿子，Ganesh的母亲给他戴上了一个像浴缸一样的头盔，以防止他的头长大，并给他的身体一个赶上的机会。A. catch up赶上；B. take up从事；C. make up构成；D. put up张贴，举起。根据上文中的“his parents noticed that his head was ____3____ his body”可知，家长发现他的头比身体长的要大，结合“Ganesh’s mother put a tub-like helmet on his head to prevent it from growing and give his body a chance”可知，由于头比身体长得大，所以他的妈妈给他的头上戴上一个头盔，防止他的头长大，这样可以给身体一个“赶上”的机会。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校里，他经常因为个头大身材矮而被嘲笑，但他也有朋友支持他，他能够专注于学习。A. encouraged鼓励；B. recognized识别；C. teased嘲笑；D. complained抱怨。根据下文中的“because of his large head and short stature”可知，由于他长得头大身体小，所以学生们“取笑”他，符合语境。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在学校里，他经常因为个头大身材矮而被嘲笑，但他也有朋友支持他，他能够专注于学习。A. turned to求助；B. stood by支持；C. counted on指望；D. referred to参考。根据上文中的but以及下文中的“and he was able to focus on his studies.”可知，虽然有学生因他头大身体小取笑他，但也有朋友“支持”他，这样使他能专心学习。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管身体有缺陷，但Ganesh Baraiya一直很有雄心。A. humorous幽默的；B. curious好奇的；C. creative有创造力的；D. ambitious有雄心的。根据上文中的“Despite his physical limitations”可知，尽管他身体有缺陷，此空处与上文为转折关系，结合下文中的“He knew he wanted to be a doctor from a very young age”可知，他很小的时候就想成为一名医生，由此可知，他是很“有雄心的”符合语境。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他申请了医学学士学位和外科学士学位（MBBS），但因患有侏儒症而被拒绝。A. denied拒绝；B. replaced取代；C. admitted承认；D. reserved预留。根据下文中的“because of his dwarfism (侏儒症).”以及“the Medical Council of India rejected his application”可知，印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，由此可知，此处指的是因患有侏儒症而被“拒绝”符合语境。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的测试结果很好，但印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，因为他的身高（只有3英尺），声称他无法在紧急情况下履行职责。A. warning警告；B. claiming宣称；C. proving证明；D. hoping希望。根据上文中的“the Medical Council of India rejected his application because of his height”可知，印度医学委员会拒绝了他的申请，结合下文中的“that he wouldn’t be able to perform his duties in emergency cases.”可知，说他不能在紧急情况下履行职责，所以此处给出的是拒绝他申请的理由，由此可知，此处应为“声称”符合语境。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校校长的帮助下，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门。A. threatened威胁；B. recommended推荐；C. tracked跟踪；D. contacted联系。根据上文中的“With the help of his school principal”以及下文中的“then the state Education Minister, and ____12____ knocked on the doors of the Gujarat High Court.”可知，他敲响了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门，此处指的是在校长的帮助之下，他为自己的梦想所作出的努力，所以此处应为“联系”了地区行政长官，符合语境。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在学校校长的帮助下，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门。A. only仅仅；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. also也。根据上文中的“the District Collector, then the state Education Minister,”以及下文中的“knocked on the doors of the Gujarat High Court”可知，从地区行政长官、州教育部长到古吉拉特邦高等法院，一个级别比一个级别高，所以此处应为“甚至”表示表递进关系。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：他的努力全没有成功，但他拒绝放弃。A. None全没有；B. Any任何；C. Some一些；D. Nothing没有什么。根据上文中的“he ____11____ the District Collector, then the state Education Minister, and ____12____ knocked on the doors of the Gujarat High Court.”可知，他联系了地区行政长官，然后是州教育部长，甚至敲开了古吉拉特邦高等法院的门，结合下文中的“but he refused to give up.”可知，他却没有放弃，由此可推断，他所做出的努力“全没有”成功，符合语境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他案子到了印度最高法院，正义终于得到了伸张。A. hardly几乎不；B. never从不；C. initially最初；D. finally最终。根据下文中的“In 2018, India’s top court of law awarded Ganesh the right to enroll in an MBBS, and he did just that the following year.”可知，印度最高法院授予加内什注册医学学士的权利，由此可知，正义“最终”得到了伸张。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我正在实现我从小就怀有的梦想。A. acquired获取；B. cherished抱有，怀有；C. dominated支配；D. escaped逃跑。根据上文中的“He knew he wanted to be a doctor from a very young age”可知，他从小就想成为一名医生，由此可知，此处指的是他从小就“怀有”的梦想，符合语境。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Remains of an ancient battlefield ____36____ date back to the Southern and Northern Dynasties (386-589) have been discovered at the Yecheng ruins in North China’s Hebei Province, according to a report by the Xinhua News Agency.
____37____ (locate) in the city of Handan, the site contains two interconnected ancient city ruins. It was once the capital of several ancient dynasties during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Many ancient military artifacts, including weapons an armor (盔甲), ____38____ (dig) out during the excavation (挖掘) of the former moat (护城河) outside the Zhuming Gate from March to June 2023. It is these armor and weapons ____39____ have provided vital physical evidence to enrich the ____40____ (field) of weapon archaeology and iron research, said Shen Lihua, an associate researcher at the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), and the head of the archaeological team — consisting ____41____ members from the CASS and the Hebei provincial institute.
Among the notable findings ____42____ (be) a bridge, marked by a brick-built, load-bearing wall and evenly spaced pillar holes. However, further archaeological work is needed ____43____ (confirm) the specific shape of the bridge.
According to Shen, the moat runs ____44____ (rough) parallel to the city wall. At the central axis of the gate, the water channel of the moat is slightly narrower, and the riverbank steeper, “This excavation has provided _____45_____ good understanding of the layout and structure of the moat and bridge while providing new materials for researching ceremonies and warfare,” Shen noted.
【答案】36. which##that
37. Located
38. were dug
39. that 40. fields
41. of 42. is
43. to confirm
44. roughly
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文本篇主要是关于中国河北省邺城遗址发现了南北朝时期的古战场遗迹的报道。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据新华社报道，在中国北部河北省邺城遗址发现了南北朝(386-589)时期的古战场遗迹。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ancient battlefield，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/ that。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗址位于邯郸市，包含两个相互连接的古城遗址。“(locate) in the city of Handan”作地点状语，locate(找出……的准确位置)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the site之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Located。
【38题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2023年3月至6月，在朱明门外的前护城河挖掘过程中，挖掘出了许多古代军事器物，包括武器和盔甲。dig(挖掘)是句中谓语动词，与主语Many ancient military artifacts(许多古代军事器物)之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语from March to June 2023，讲述过去的事情应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were dug。
【39题详解】
考查强调句。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。句中使用了强调句型，强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其它部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用who代替that；本句中强调的是原句主语“these armor and weapons”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。可数名词field作宾语，意为“领域”，结合其后定语 of weapon archaeology and iron research可知，指两个领域，用复数形式。故填fields。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国社会科学院考古研究所副研究员沈丽华说，正是这些盔甲和武器提供了重要的物证，丰富了武器考古学和铁器研究领域。沈丽华是考古小组的组长，该小组由中国社会科学院和河北省考古研究所的成员组成。consist of是固定短语，意为“由……组成”。故填of。
【42题详解】
考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：其中值得注意的发现是一座桥，以砖砌的承重墙和均匀间隔的柱孔为标志。“Among the notable findings (be) a bridge”是倒装句，名词a bridge是主语，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，系动词用is。故填is。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，需要进一步的考古工作来确认桥梁的具体形状。“(confirm) the specific shape of the bridge”作目的状语，用不定式。故填to confirm。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：据沈说，护城河大致与城墙平行。提示词修饰动词runs，用副词roughly作状语，意为“大约”。故填roughly。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这次发掘为了解护城河和桥梁的布局和结构提供了很好的认识，同时也为研究仪式和战争提供了新的材料。an understanding of...是固定短语，意为“对……的理解”，有形容词good修饰，且发音以辅音音素开头，用冠词a修饰。故填a。
第四部 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 目前，“脆皮学生”成为热门话题并在社会上引起了广泛的关注和讨论。“脆皮学生”因缺乏体育锻炼，体质差，易受伤，易生病。假定你是李华，请你以此用英文写一份倡议书，呼吁学生们积极进行体育锻炼，增强体质。
内容包括：
1. 倡议的目的；
2. 体育锻炼的意义；
3. 呼吁大家积极响应。
参考词汇：脆皮学生brittle students
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible answer:
With brittle students becoming a heated topic, in order to strengthen their physical and mental health, I appeal to you all to spend more time on physical exercise.
The significance of physical exercise, as far as I am concerned, cannot be overstated, as it lays the foundation for a lifetime of health and well-being. On the one hand, regular physical activities can improve bone density, build muscle, maintain a healthy weight, which contributes to a stronger body. On the other hand, physical exercise releases a kind of chemical, which can boost mood and reduce stress and anxiety, leading to better mental health.
Hope you can actively act on my appeal, participating in physical exercise on a regular basis. Let’s take action from now on.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一份倡议书，呼吁学生们积极进行体育锻炼，增强体质。
【详解】1.词汇积累
为了：in order to→so as to
重要性：significance→importance
改善：improve→better
释放：release→set…free
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Let’s take action from now on.
拓展句：It’s high time that we should take action from now on.
【点睛】【高分句型1】With brittle students becoming a heated topic, in order to strengthen their physical and mental health, I appeal to you all to spend more time on physical exercise.（运用了with+宾语+宾语补足语，不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】On the one hand, regular physical activities can improve bone density, build muscle, maintain a healthy weight, which contributes to a stronger body.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have always been free and easy when it comes to handing out small change on the street, and a couple of months ago I lend 200 to a man I had never met before. Anyway, let me tell you about Brendan.
On my way back to London, I spotted a man with a large backpack and his thumb out to ask for a free lift. I pulled over and lowered the window.
“Which way are you heading ” I asked. “I’m going back to London.”
“Ah, that would be grand,” came his immediate reply. He opened the door and put his backpack on the back seat, “I’m Brendan,” he said with a smile. “I’ve had my thumb out for a day and half. Nobody seems to stop these days.”
As we headed cast along the motorway, Brendan told me about the two recent family tragedies that had pushed him out of his old life and on to the road. He told me that he was 52. He laughed a lot and enjoyed his off-grid (离网) lifestyle until the week before when he’d been mugged (抢劫). And now he just wanted to get some casual work in London, so he could then get himself home to Ireland.
It must have been the notion of home that got me and helping a man who’d clearly had a tough time seemed like the right thing to do. To my surprise I heard myself say: “Well, I’ll lend you 200 to fly home, Brendan.”
“Grand,” he replied excitedly. Then, after a pause, “and please don’t worry. I’ll definitely pay back the money when I get home.” He took my phone number and address, saying he’d call as soon as he could.
Eight weeks past, a call from Brendan made me disappointed.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A month after I got the call, to my surprise, a package was delivered to me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible answer:
Eight weeks past, a call from Brendan made me disappointed. Hardly had I heard his voice full of guilt when the thought that he wouldn’t pay back the money struck me. Just as expected, he apologized for not being able to return the money, explaining that he had encountered more difficulties than expected and needed more time. With a mixture of regret and anger overwhelming me, I blamed myself for lending him money, feeling that after Brendan was mugged, he then mugged me. I hung up without any patience to listen to his excuses any longer and promised to myself not to lend a stranger any money.
A month after I got the call, to my surprise, a package was delivered to me. Inside was a beautifully handwritten letter from Brenda, expressing his gratitude for my help and his apology for not repaying me on time. He also mentioned that he found a steady work and save enough to return the money. Along with the letter was a check for the full amount of the loan, as well as a small gift to reward my act of kindness. I couldn’t help but feel a sense of shame for misunderstanding Brendan. The package made me have faith in the good side of human nature and I was determined to deliver kindness to people in need in the future.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者几个月前在回伦敦的途中遇到了一个名叫Brendan的人，他向作者介绍了自己遭遇的各种不幸，作者对他报以同情，认为帮助一个明显经历艰难时期的人是正确的事情，作者主动借给了Brendan 200美元，Brendan也记下了作者的电话和地址，并承诺会尽快联系作者的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“八周前，Brendan的一个电话让我很失望。”可知，第一段可描写作者接到Brendan的电话中什么让作者失望，以及作者的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“在我接到电话一个月后，令我惊讶的是，我收到了一个包裹。”可知，第二段可描写作者在包裹里看到了什么以及作者对这件事情的感受。
2.续写线索：接到电话——失望——收到包裹——回报作者——误解——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①偿还：pay back/repay/return
②挂断：hung up/ring off
③承诺：promise/ pledge
情绪类
①感激： gratitude/appreciation/be grateful
②愤怒：anger/annoyance
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Hardly had I heard his voice full of guilt when the thought that he wouldn’t pay back the money struck me.（运用了部分倒装句和that引导的同位语从句）
[高分句型2]. Just as expected, he apologized for not being able to return the money, explaining that he had encountered more difficulties than expected and needed more time.（运用了as引导的状语从句的省略和现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型3]. With a mixture of regret and anger overwhelming me, I blamed myself for lending him money, feeling that after Brendan was mugged, he then mugged me. （运用了with复合结构和现在分词短语作状语）
1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C2024年“江南十校”高二年级联考
英 语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why does the woman need help
A. She finds the directions difficult.
B. She has never baked before.
C. She doesn’t have a recipe.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom.
3. What does the man want to do
A. Admire the scenery. B. Continue walking. C. Have a rest.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. The woman’s indecision about going abroad.
B. The advantage of homestay accommodation.
C. The woman’s fear of traveling.
5 What do we know about the woman
A. She is more sensitive to hot weather than the man.
B. She wants to buy an air conditioner.
C. She cooled herself down by a fan.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题
6. What is the woman planning to do next year
A. Row a race. B. Compete in a marathon. C. Improve her health.
7. What food does the woman value most at present
A. Meat. B. Rice. C. Vegetables.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers organizing
A. A corporate dinner. B. A wedding celebration. C. A birthday party.
9. When will the event take place
A. On July 10th. B. On August 10th. C. On September 10th.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Where did the woman know about the advertisement
A. On the Internet. B. From a newspaper. C. From her friend.
11. Why will the man sell the dining table
A. He has bought a smaller one.
B. He doesn’t like it anymore.
C. He will move house.
12. What will the woman probably do this afternoon
A. Talk with her friend. B. Check on the dining table. C. Tidy up her room.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the man doing
A. Painting a picture. B. Admiring a masterpiece. C. Having his meal.
14. What does the woman think of the food at the canteen
A. Disappointing. B. Acceptable. C. Satisfactory.
15. What dishes does the woman like best
A. Hot dogs and ground beef. B. Rice and fish. C. Bread and fish.
16. What does the woman suggest doing for the talent show
A. Singing a song. B. Bringing some food. C. Creating a backdrop.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker
A. A teacher. B. A manager. C. A film-maker.
18. How did the speaker feel after his first project
A. Joyful. B. Proud. C. Nervous.
19. When do the courses end
A. In July. B. In August. C. In September.
20. What does Pow Pictures offer throughout the year
A. Graphic design courses.
B. Language learning programs.
C. Job opportunities.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There’s nothing so annoying as a broken bike. If there’s something wrong with your bicycle, stop using it and have it checked and fixed by MacBike’s expert mechanics (机修工).
FIXED WITHIN ONE DAY
Most of our repairs are done by our bike mechanics within one day, so if you bring your bike in the morning you can pick it up at the end of the day.
FREE LOAN BIKE
If repairs are 35 Euros or more, you will find free replacement transport ready and waiting for you. This loan bike will have you back on the road within 10 minutes!
BOVAG CERTIFIED
We are a BOVAG-certified bike repair shop. We follow specialized workshops annually so we can deliver high-quality services to our customers. We handle BOVAG guarantee and BOVAG terms of delivery.
Where
MacBike has three shops for bicycle sales and repair shops in the city centre of Amsterdam: 38th Avenue, 30th Avenue, 45th Avenue.
Business Hours
Monday-Saturday from 09:00-18:00
Closed on
25 & 26 December.
1 January
27 April
Telephone Number
0031 (0)20 428 14 40
Getting There
Bus 9, 14
Subway 51, 53, 54
1. How long will it take for a MacBike’s worker to fix a broken bike
A. A day. B. A week. C. A morning. D. An afternoon.
2. What can be inferred about BOVAG from the text
A. It is located in Amsterdam. B. It has the public recognition.
C. It offers professionals to the shop. D. It has three shops in the city center.
3. How could a visitor pay a visit to the MacBike’s repair shop
A. By taking Bus 53. B. By taking Subway 51.
C. By riding a loan bike. D. By going there on Christmas.
B
When 12-year-old Erica Fernandez volunteered to help clean up the beach in her new hometown, Oxnard, California, she could barely speak English. She was just a kid helping 20 adults take care of the beach. She and her family had recently arrived in California from a small town in Mexico.
Erica started going door to door in her mainly Spanish-speaking farmworker community. “I always loved the ocean,” she says, “so it made me really sad to see this beautiful beach full of trash. That’s why I decided to help.”
Erica cared too much to stay silent. Having grown up in a tiny town in the Mexican state of Michoacán, she had a strong motivation to care for nature. “We grew our own food and raised our own animals. Taking care of nature was part of survival.” She wanted to bring that same spirit to her new life in California.
As her English improved, she talked to kids in her high school about what was going on. “I didn’t know if they would listen to me. My English wasn’t good and I was only sixteen,” she says. As she nervously approached the microphone, she was informed that time was running out. One minute and thirty seconds was all she had. “I couldn’t give my prepared speech, so I just spoke from my heart.”
The result was electrifying. When Erica was finished, people stood up and broke into applause. One of the teachers said, “I’m very moved by your words, Erica. When I was your age, I was playing video games.”
Only the second person in her family to go to college, Erica wants to become an environmental lawyer so she can fight for the environment and for the rights of communities. She wants other young people to speak out when they see something wrong, even if they feel shy about it at first. “We are the future. The future is ours.”
4. Why did the author mention Erica’s words in Paragraph 2
A. To show gratitude to her action. B. To advocate learning from her.
C. To clarify the reason for her help. D. To think highly of her devotion.
5. According to the passage, what can we learn about Erica
A She was the only college student in her family.
B. She volunteered to clean up the garbage on Spanish beaches.
C. She spent her childhood in a small town in Mexico.
D. She couldn’t speak either English or Spanish in California.
6. What do we know about Erica’s speech
A. The device disturbed her performance.
B. The audience was greatly encouraged.
C. It affected people’s attitude to playing games.
D. Erica expressed her inner thoughts fluently.
7. From which is this text most probably taken
A. A geography textbook. B. A health report.
C. A scientific website. D. An environmental magazine.
C
Social events are understandably taxing on your mind and body. But you’ve probably heard that extroverts gain vivacity from being around other people, while introverts get their energy from being alone. Does this mean that extroverts don’t get tired of socializing
We all fall somewhere on a scale between introversion and extroversion — nobody is only one or the other. The impact of your personality preference on your in-the-moment behaviour varies depending on the situation.
In studies that have tested levels of extroversion, results indicate that there’s a connection between a more introverted personality and fatigue (疲劳). It’s not simply the case that extroverts never tire of social interaction, though. It’s just that the upper limit will vary from person to person.
Research into the fatiguing effects of social interactions has identified some common factors among those considered most tiring. Conversations that were long, difficult or intense, felt more tiring. If a person was trying hard to make a good impression or meeting lots of new people, they were more likely to feel exhausted afterward. Conflict and complaint also took more energy.
This means that it may be possible to reduce the tiring effect of socializing by actively seeking encounters that make you feel at ease, that don’t involve too many new people or that allow for breaks during long conversations.
It’s thought that the emotions you experience during social events can also have an effect on your feelings of fatigue. If you have to spend a long time suppressing (抑制) your true feelings, or showing a certain emotion that’s at odds with what you really feel, you could be more prone to (倾向于) emotional exhaustion.
For example, “service with a smile” jobs could make servers more tired, and care workers who are unable to show their sadness or fear for their patients may find themselves emotionally exhausted outside of work. To get rid of this, it’s suggested that you make time to express your negative feelings and accept and acknowledge that they’re reasonable, reducing the emotional disharmony wherever possible.
8. What does the underlined word “vivacity” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Harm. B. Energy. C. Humor D. Inspiration.
9. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4
A. The consequence of tiredness.
B. The way of getting rid of tiredness.
C. The reason why socializing causes tiredness.
D. The importance of keeping away from tiredness.
10. What is an effective way to avoid fatigue when socializing
A. Sleep after socializing.
B. Have a rest after talking much.
C. Involve yourself in an activity with more people.
D. Making more friends puts you at ease.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. It is better to develop more optimistic character.
B. People taking a job that requires a smile can feel happier.
C. It is better to accept and acknowledge valid positive feelings.
D. Care workers had better show negative feelings for their well-being.
D
Psychologists Edward Deci and Richard Ryan tried to find the core of living well. Their research in self-determination theory conducted over the course of four decades with a network of 500 participants in 39 countries, has found that the experience of happiness is affected by the satisfaction of basic psychological needs to feel competent, self-determining, and positively related to other people in the activities of one’s life. These are universal needs, observed across all stages of life and in every culture in which studies have been conducted, and they help explain the truth in the ancient ideal of happiness, or human flourishing (繁荣).
According to this ideal, living well involves fulfilling one’s human potential in ways that are admirable, sustainable (可持续的), and personally satisfying. Ryan and Deci identifies three broad forms of potential: social, intellectual, and productive/creative. In other words, the forms are psychologically linked to the satisfaction of human beings’ universal basic needs for positive relatedness, self-determination, and competence. Fulfilling all three forms of potential is the key to happiness, and shaping our lives and institutions accordingly would be much more matched with sustainability than pursuing wealth without limit.
A related finding, which is very important for the pursuit of sustainability, is that escape from poverty is important to happiness but the pursuit of wealth, status (地位), and image as life goals is less beneficial to happiness than the pursuit of life goals that directly fulfill our basic forms of potential and satisfy our related psychological needs. Societies that have promoted the accumulation of wealth without limit have not raised their general level of happiness by doing so. It should be evident to any observer of life in the U.S. that as wealth and inequality have grown, most Americans have become more painfully focused on occupational insecurity and on status competition that has simply become more expensive and less sustainable.
As a consequence, we could be happier both now and in the future if we could overcome the blind faith in wealth accumulation that shaped the socially, politically and environmentally unstable world with which we must now deal.
12. What did Deci and Ryan find in their research
A. Happiness is only determined by oneself.
B. 500 people feel competent in their lives.
C. People should spend 4 decades to meet the basic needs.
D. Every culture has the similar understanding of happiness.
13. How can we live well according to the research
A. By achieving our potential. B. By shaping our lives and institutions.
C. By pursuing wealth without any limit. D. By identifying three forms of potential.
14. Why did the author mention America in the third paragraph
A To show the importance of wealth.
B. To present the necessity of escape from poverty.
C. To introduce the new finding of the pursuit of life goals.
D. To prove the wrong concept between money and happiness.
15. What is the author’s attitude to the world nowadays
A. Confident. B. Supportive. C. Disappointed. D. Unconcerned.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两处为多余选项。
As global warming heats up, humans will suffer from rising temperatures. ____16____.
In recent years, scientists have found links between human-caused climate change and heat stress. This can lower milk production. The researchers studied 48 Holstein cows. ____17____ Over the course of two weeks, half of the cows were exposed to approximately 98-degree heat. The other half were housed in neutral conditions (中性条件). All of the cows were milked twice a day. The researchers tracked everything from their vital signs to their weight, feed intake and milk yields. ____18____ The research was published in the Journal of Dairy Science.
____19____ The heat-stressed cows had higher insulin (胰岛素) levels. They ate and drank less, too. The researchers also analyzed blood samples from the cows. The heat-stressed cows developed leaky gut (肠子) within just three days. The condition occurs when bacteria and other material “leak’s” trough weakened parts of the intestinal wall (肠壁). This can cause inflammation in cows.
____20____ When they fed them a special mix of organic acids and pure botanicals, their guts became less permeable. The cows ate more. Thy produced more milk. That dietary solution could help prevent some of the billions of dollars in comic losses related to heat stressed cows. The research could eventually lead to changes in feed formulations.
A. But the researchers also found a way to help cows deal with heat.
B. As predicted, the warm cows’ milk production declined.
C. But how will climate change affect cows
D. When exposed to heat, the cows ate less and drank less.
E. Heat stress can also lead to diseases and other issues in dairy cows.
F. They housed them in temperature-controlled stalls.
G. However, there are many measures we can take to deal with the problem.
第三部分 语言知识应用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
23-year-old Ganesh Baraiya is living proof that nothing is impossible. Despite facing ____21____ because of his short stature, he managed to become the world’s shortest doctor.
Ganesh Baraiya was born in the Talaia Thaluka area of Gujarat, India, and faced adversity (逆境) from a very young age. He was born normal. ____22____, at the age of four, his parents noticed that his head was ____23____ his body, so they took him to a doctor. They learned that the boy suffered from an ____24____ condition and there was nothing anyone could do. Wanting to help her son, Ganesh’s mother put a tub-like helmet on his head to prevent it from growing and give his body a chance to ____25____. In school, he was often ____26____ because of his large head and short stature, but he also had friends who ____27____ him and he was able to focus on his studies.
Despite his physical limitations, Ganesh Baraya was always very ____28____. He knew he wanted to be a doctor from a very young age, and put all his energy into his studies, working hard to get high grades. When the time came, he applied for a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degree (MBBS), only to be ____29____ because of his dwarfism (侏儒症). Despite his good test results, the Medical Council of India rejected his application because of his height (only three feet), _____30_____ that he wouldn’t be able to perform his duties in emergency cases.
Ganesh was shocked by the rejection, but he wasn’t about to give up on his dream. With the help of his school principal, he _____31_____ the District Collector, then the state Education Minister, and _____32_____ knocked on the doors of the Gujarat High Court. _____33_____ of his efforts were successful, but he refused to give up. His case reached India’s Supreme Court, and justice was _____34_____ done. In 2018, India’s top court of law awarded Ganesh the right to enroll in an MBBS, and he did just that the following year.
“I was very disappointed three years ago, but I refused to accept their refusal. Now I am very happy that I got justice from the Supreme Court,” Ganesh said. “Now I am on the way to fulfill the dream I’ve _____35_____ since childhood. I know I’m different, but I want to live a good life like other people and make my parents proud.”
21. A. disappointment B. embarrassment C. discrimination D. distinction
22. A. However B. But C. Instead D. Thus
23. A. matching B. outgrowing C. overflowing D. overdoing
24. A. unbearable B. inefficient C. unavoidable D. incurable
25. A. catch up B. take up C. make up D. put up
26. A. encouraged B. recognized C. teased D. complained
27. A. turned to B. stood by C. counted on D. referred to
28 A. humorous B. curious C. creative D. ambitious
29. A. denied B. replaced C. admitted D. reserved
30. A. warning B. claiming C. proving D. hoping
31. A. threatened B. recommended C. tracked D. contacted
32. A. only B. still C. even D. also
33. A. None B. Any C. Some D. Nothing
34. A. hardly B. never C. initially D. finally
35. A. acquired B. cherished C. dominated D. escaped
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Remains of an ancient battlefield ____36____ date back to the Southern and Northern Dynasties (386-589) have been discovered at the Yecheng ruins in North China’s Hebei Province, according to a report by the Xinhua News Agency.
____37____ (locate) in the city of Handan, the site contains two interconnected ancient city ruins. It was once the capital of several ancient dynasties during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Many ancient military artifacts, including weapons an armor (盔甲), ____38____ (dig) out during the excavation (挖掘) of the former moat (护城河) outside the Zhuming Gate from March to June 2023. It is these armor and weapons ____39____ have provided vital physical evidence to enrich the ____40____ (field) of weapon archaeology and iron research, said Shen Lihua, an associate researcher at the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), and the head of the archaeological team — consisting ____41____ members from the CASS and the Hebei provincial institute.
Among the notable findings ____42____ (be) a bridge, marked by a brick-built, load-bearing wall and evenly spaced pillar holes. However, further archaeological work is needed ____43____ (confirm) the specific shape of the bridge.
According to Shen, the moat runs ____44____ (rough) parallel to the city wall. At the central axis of the gate, the water channel of the moat is slightly narrower, and the riverbank steeper, “This excavation has provided _____45_____ good understanding of the layout and structure of the moat and bridge while providing new materials for researching ceremonies and warfare,” Shen noted.
第四部 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 目前，“脆皮学生”成为热门话题并在社会上引起了广泛的关注和讨论。“脆皮学生”因缺乏体育锻炼，体质差，易受伤，易生病。假定你是李华，请你以此用英文写一份倡议书，呼吁学生们积极进行体育锻炼，增强体质。
内容包括：
1. 倡议的目的；
2. 体育锻炼的意义；
3. 呼吁大家积极响应。
参考词汇：脆皮学生brittle students
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have always been free and easy when it comes to handing out small change on the street, and a couple of months ago I lend 200 to a man I had never met before. Anyway, let me tell you about Brendan.
On my way back to London, I spotted a man with a large backpack and his thumb out to ask for a free lift. I pulled over and lowered the window.
“Which way are you heading ” I asked. “I’m going back to London.”
“Ah, that would be grand,” came his immediate reply. He opened the door and put his backpack on the back seat, “I’m Brendan,” he said with a smile. “I’ve had my thumb out for a day and half. Nobody seems to stop these days.”
As we headed cast along the motorway, Brendan told me about the two recent family tragedies that had pushed him out of his old life and on to the road. He told me that he was 52. He laughed a lot and enjoyed his off-grid (离网) lifestyle until the week before when he’d been mugged (抢劫). And now he just wanted to get some casual work in London, so he could then get himself home to Ireland.
It must have been the notion of home that got me and helping a man who’d clearly had a tough time seemed like the right thing to do. To my surprise I heard myself say: “Well, I’ll lend you 200 to fly home, Brendan.”
“Grand” he replied excitedly. Then, after a pause, “and please don’t worry. I’ll definitely pay back the money when I get home.” He took my phone number and address, saying he’d call as soon as he could.
Eight weeks past, a call from Brendan made me disappointed.
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A month after I got the call, to my surprise, a package was delivered to me.
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1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C
