泗阳县实验高级中学2023-2024学年第二学期高一第二次调研测试
英语试卷
共150分，考试用时120分钟
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Everyone has unique needs and preferences, and individual sleep requirements are no different. However, the amount of sleep you need per night is mainly determined by your age. Official recommendations for the length of a person’s sleep are broken down by age group:
Older adults (65+): 7–8 hours
Adults (18–64 years): 7–9 hours
Teenagers (14–17 years): 8–10 hours
School children (6–13 years): 9–11 hours
Preschoolers (3–5 years): 10–13 hours (including naps)
Toddlers (1–2 years): 11–14 hours (including naps)
Infants (4–12 months): 12–15 hours (including naps)
Newborns (0–3 months): 14–17 hours
However, some people might need more or less sleep than what is generally recommended, depending on the following factors.
Genetic makeup
Your genetics are an important factor in how many hours of sleep you need per night.
For example, those with one specific genetic mutation (基因突变) need only around 6 hours, whereas people without such particular mutation require about 8 hours, on average.
Sleep quality
The quality of your sleep can also affect how much you need.
If your sleep quality is poor, you may find that you still feel tired after getting what should be considered enough.
Therefore, it’s not only important to focus on sleeping long enough but also on sleeping well enough. If you often feel like you aren’t sleeping well or are extremely tired and don’t know why, it’s a good idea to check in with your healthcare provider.
21. What is the main reason for the amount of sleep we need per night
A. Sleep quality. B. Genetics. C. Our eating habits. D. Our age.
22. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. All school children need to sleep for 9 to 11 hours.
B. Any kind of genetic mutation can lead to a 6-hour sleep pattern.
C. You should turn to your healthcare provider as long as you feel tired.
D Poor sleep quality may lead to tiredness though you’ve got enough sleep.
23. Where does this passage most probably come from
A. A health magazine. B. A travel brochure.
C. A fashion website. D. A sports newspaper.
B
Whenever he can, 15-year-old Elliot Morgan practices basketball in his backyard. He says it’s a good stress-reliever. But it wasn’t that long ago that he didn’t have time for this new hobby. “There were times in the summer when I would spend four or five hours a day on my phone,” he says. When school started in the fall, Morgan found himself scrolling (划屏) as soon as he woke up. “I realize I start to avoid workouts because I’m on my phone,” he says. “It’s affecting my focus.”
It has become clear that social media is a key player in many drivers of unhealthy habits. Social media apps are designed to encourage overuse, and teenagers are more likely to be influenced because their brains are at an important period of development that makes it harder to be free from temptation (诱惑). All of this makes limiting use more challenging — even for families who set rules.
“It’s a really big problem,” says Elliot’s mom, Alyssa. She was shocked when she discovered Elliot had bypassed parental controls and was spending five hours a day on social media. “I asked him, ‘Can you just take a look and see Just tell me what you think. Does this feel good to you ’” she says.
Elliot hadn’t realized how many hours he was on social media. And he was at a loss. With his mother’s help, he tried to start cutting back. After several months, he decided to delete (删除) social media apps altogether. “After that, I actually sleep enough and feel better,” he says. He’s now closer with his friends because they spend more time talking instead of scrolling. And joining school clubs has also helped him reduce time on his phone.
24. What can we learn about Elliot from the first paragraph
A. He is always late for class. B. He used to work out early.
C. He likes football at school. D. He lost himself in his phone.
25. How does social media affect teenagers according to the text
A. They tend to develop bad habits. B. They will take up more challenges.
C. They can improve reading skills. D. They find it hard to make friends.
26. What is probably Alyssa’s attitude to limiting social media use
A. Uncaring. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
27. How does Elliot probably find his life now
A. Lonely. B. Simple. C. Enjoyable. D. Difficult.
C
Alaska’s Yukon River has faced major salmon shortages in recent years. Officials say record-high temperatures last year killed most salmon in the 3,200-kilometer river before the fish were able to reproduce. The losses led Alaska to stop their salmon harvests in 2021 to make sure that enough fish survived to reproduce for another year.
The poor salmon harvests caused major financial losses to private fishing companies in the area. The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.
Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available. Alaska has sent emergency fish shipments to areas affected by the salmon shortages.
Scientists have mostly blamed the problems on a series of heat waves in the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean from 2014 to 2019. The warm ocean waters affected salmon’s living in the sea before they returned to lay eggs.
Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms (有机物) they normally feed on. “In my opinion, the salmon are starving with climate change,” said Brooke Woods in the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.
The effects of climate change on freshwater environments have also been studied. Vanessa von Biela is a biologist who looked at the rivers, streams and lakes where salmon live. Her team found that Chinook salmon show heat stress at temperatures above 18℃. They start dying above 20℃. In 2019, temperatures on the Alaskan side were above 18℃ for 44 straight days, a recent study found.
The effects of warming waters can be reduced by climate-driven glacier (冰川) runoff, which brings cooler water into rivers and streams. But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska. “Salmon will find a way,” said Biela. “but it’s going to be hard for communities in places where there might not be salmon anymore.”
28. What do the locals rely on salmon for
A. Food supply. B. Scientific study. C. Green tourism. D. Water improvement.
29. What did the declaration of the disaster bring about
A. Financial losses. B. Relief funds. C. Economic growth. D. Fast delivery.
30. Which of the following is the effect of climate change in Yukon River
A. No healthy organisms are left there. B. Salmon there lose the ability to lay eggs.
C. Salmon there go short of nutritious food. D. The temperature remains above 18℃ till now.
31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Measures to protect salmon are effective. B. Salmon will not find a way out of the crisis.
C. The amount of salmon will increase greatly. D. Salmon are likely to leave the river for survival.
D
Three young American men were on a crowded train when they came across a dangerous robber. Ignoring their personal safety, they rushed the robber and controlled him. Only some people seem capable of this sudden form of heroism (英雄主义). Why some men rise to the occasion — and others don’t — has been a bit difficult to explain. Psychologists have explored this question through biological and personality psychology.
Of course, heroism and courage can appear in many forms, and men and women risk their reputation (名声), health, and social recognition to do what they think is right. When it comes to physically risky bravery, people assume that men will take the lead. There are sound biological reasons for this fixed image. One of the most common fears in men is that they will be viewed as a coward (懦夫), and a man who fails to display physical courage will suffer damage to his reputation in a way that a woman will not. Throughout history, gaining a higher position among peers (同龄人) has been the ticket that needs to get punched for a man to attract future wife and father children.
People tend to have an idea of what heroes are like. When rating (打分) the personalities of movie heroes, participants expected them to be more hard-working, open to experience, approachable, and emotionally stable than the average person. But some studies suggest that people who show heroic behavior usually have the personalities of madmen: risk-taking, coolness under stress, and an eagerness to take over in social situations.
The study of the relationship between personality and heroism is at an early stage. Psychologists are still at a loss to predict in advance who will heroically step up when needed. Often, the hero is an otherwise ordinary person who finds himself on an extraordinary occasion. Meanwhile, some individuals trained to behave heroically might hesitate in a dangerous situation. Various factors like identities, occasions and specific training will influence the final heroism. Hopefully, the right mix of occasion and personalities enable courage to carry the day.
32. How is the topic introduced in the first paragraph
A. By presenting an idea. B. By giving an example.
C. By making a comparison. D. By drawing a conclusion.
33. What do the underlined words “get punched” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Be bought. B. Be returned. C. Be abandoned. D. Be gained.
34. Why is it difficult to predict who will act heroically in a crisis
A. Heroes are born not made.
B. Heroic acts only appear in a specific crisis.
C. Individual personality is not a dependable sign of heroism.
D. Heroism is a phenomenon influenced by numerous factors.
35. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A How Are Heroes Trained B. Why Are Heroes Important
C. Who Are the True Heroes D. What Makes a Person Heroic
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Curiosity is part of human nature. Children are famous for wanting answers to tons of questions. Books and TV shows often rely on curiosity. People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens. _____36_____
Many of history’s greatest discoveries were made by curious people. People wondered how processes worked or how certain tasks could be done more effectively. Thanks to their curiosity, people now know far more about the world and have useful technology to help them.
Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. If you develop the joy of learning, class will be more fun. _____37_____ Even if you’re no longer a student, curiosity will make you better informed and thus a more capable worker.
What do you do if you’re not already curious _____38_____ If you act like you’re curious, you’ll quickly start to actually feel curious. Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes.
As you learn about a topic, gather information from as many sources as possible. Read a variety of books, watch or listen to lectures and ask questions. _____39_____ Instead, learn to appreciate facts that different people know and the different opinions that they express. Don’t assume you already know what you need to know. Instead, search for alternative possibilities and points of view.
_____40_____ Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t. Find out what that is, and ask about it. This lets you learn something and makes the other person happy by letting them show off their knowledge. In the classroom or out of it, developing curiosity is sure to be worthwhile.
A. Ask a lot of questions.
B. Curiosity also provides many practical benefits.
C. Accept a variety of resources to feed your curiosity.
D. Fortunately curiosity is a skill that can be improved.
E. Don’t always get your information from the same source.
F. Curiosity drives the process of discoveries and innovation.
G. And you’ll do better because you’ll be fully engaged in the learning process.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Louie, a pet parrot, saved a whole family. He _____41_____ the sleeping Klein family in the middle of the night as flames swept through their home.
“Louie is a true _____42_____,” Barbara Klein recently told news agency South West News Service (SWNS). “If it hadn’t been for him, I probably wouldn’t have been _____43_____ at that time. He started shouting ‘Fire’. He had never said that word before in my _____44_____. When I woke up, the fire was starting to spread across the living room floor.” Unluckily for the family, Louie didn’t _____45_____. Barbara said, “He was like our babies, so it’s _____46_____.”
Barbara took her five-year-old granddaughter _____47_____ and ran out of the house. Her husband Larry also made it out, but was severely wounded when escaping from the burning building. “He ran to the kitchen and tried to _____48_____ the fire out with water,” Barbara told SWNS. “After we left, he ran back into the house and insisted on _____49_____ the pet but with no _____50_____.” The Kleins suffered great _____51_____ in the fire. Their house was in _____52_____ along with its contents and the parrot Louie passed away.
“People have _____53_____ with clothing and someone donated an apartment for three months,” Barbara said. “The man who donated the apartment also _____54_____ us with a baby parrot. We call him Louie Jr to _____55_____ Louie.”
41. A. annoyed B. alarmed C. digested D. noticed
42. A. model B. chef C. hero D. pioneer
43. A. awake B. asleep C. alone D. afraid
44. A. opinion B. version C. memory D. sight
45. A. survive B. resist C. relieve D. respond
46. A. frightening B. shocking C. sorrowful D. adorable
47. A. appropriately B. gently C. secretly D. immediately
48. A. turn B. blow C. keep D. put
49. A. accompanying B. saving C. comforting D. generating
50. A. luck B. doubt C. bet D. barrier
51 A. injuries B. losses C. calories D. failures
52. A. association B. link C. ruins D. rows
53. A. rushed out B. cry out for C. run away D. reached out
54. A. presented B. equipped C. expanded D. compared
55. A. estimate B. honor C. forget D. reward
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy is an artistic practice of writing Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The ___56___ (develop) of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters ___57___ date back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 16th century—11th century BC). Over time, calligraphy took shape step by step as ___58___ form of art rather than just a means of record.
Calligraphy is a difficult art. The type of brush, ink and paper can all affect the output. From brush direction ___59___ speed of writing, every turn of the wrist also ___60___ (matter). Structure of individual characters and spatial layout (布局) as a whole influence ___61___ (it) quality. Moreover, it is said that even the feelings and values of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy.
Lan Ting Xu, ___62___ (create) by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317—420), is one of the most celebrated ___63___ (masterpiece) of Chinese calligraphy. Its expressive brushwork brought it both historical ___64___ cultural significance in Chinese literature. Calligraphy is also within reach, like the Spring Festival couplets (春联).
Where there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy, and where there is calligraphy, there is beauty. The art is still ___65___ (high) valued today, for it is more than just writing, it is a living heritage.
第三节根据汉语或首字母填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
66. Our comfort foods _________ (不同) from person to person. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
67. To eat out is also asocial activity, allowing me to e________the relationship with my friends. （根据首字母单词拼写）
68. It definitely hit the s _________ when I tried it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
69. Today Guangzhou’s restaurant stimulate customers’ a_________ with a thousand offerings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70. The food in my hometown never fails to __________ (给...留下深刻印象) tourists from around the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(满分15分)
71. 假设你是李华，你的笔友Jim 下个月要来中国旅游，他想向你了解一下中国的饮食并请你帮忙推荐几道中国特色菜。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.简单介绍一下中餐;
2.推荐几道中国特色菜。
注意：1.词数80词左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hu
第二节(满分20分)
72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mr. Ward couldn’t stand students cheating the most. Whenever there was an exam, he watched very closely, making sure no act of cheating was neglected, and any student who cheated would be seriously punished.
I remember many times after tests, Mr. Ward found that the students sitting around me had better scores than the others and the further away a student was from me, the worse his grade. Mr. Ward suspected that some of the juniors “accidentally” got some of my answers. So he and I had a very interesting talk about cheating.
Mr. Ward once told me of some of the ways students tried to cheat. Student A intentionally “dropped” his pencil an unusually far distance from his desk. Then he stood up and walked slowly across the room to take it back. On the way, he glanced at the papers. Student B got a piece of paper and wrote down all the formulas (公式) on a tiny bit of paper taped to the inside of the kid’s palm. These incidents weren’t very rare.
The last day of the entire school year, all I had left was my math exam and there seemed to be some definite tension in the air because this was the biggest test of the year. I saw some kids trying to do some last minute studying, some trying to calm themselves down by breathing slowly and some saying a silent prayer.
Mr. Ward went to the front and started handing out the tests by rows. After explaining the rules of the test, he said very clearly, “If you cheat, I will take your test and tear it up. You will get a 0 for the biggest grade of the year.” Mr. Ward moved very effortlessly and efficiently about the room and during every test he went into a sort of RADAR mode. He sat at the front and watched the room for anything that might look like cheating. During this RADAR mode, if you were cheating, you would be caught. Guaranteed.
注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Our test started and we were sitting there busy working on our papers.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then Mr. Ward asked the kid he was watching to go to his office.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________泗阳县实验高级中学2023-2024学年第二学期高一第二次调研测试
英语试卷
共150分，考试用时120分钟
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Everyone has unique needs and preferences, and individual sleep requirements are no different. However, the amount of sleep you need per night is mainly determined by your age. Official recommendations for the length of a person’s sleep are broken down by age group:
Older adults (65+): 7–8 hours
Adults (18–64 years): 7–9 hours
Teenagers (14–17 years): 8–10 hours
School children (6–13 years): 9–11 hours
Preschoolers (3–5 years): 10–13 hours (including naps)
Toddlers (1–2 years): 11–14 hours (including naps)
Infants (4–12 months): 12–15 hours (including naps)
Newborns (0–3 months): 14–17 hours
However, some people might need more or less sleep than what is generally recommended, depending on the following factors.
Genetic makeup
Your genetics are an important factor in how many hours of sleep you need per night.
For example, those with one specific genetic mutation (基因突变) need only around 6 hours, whereas people without such particular mutation require about 8 hours, on average.
Sleep quality
The quality of your sleep can also affect how much you need.
If your sleep quality is poor, you may find that you still feel tired after getting what should be considered enough.
Therefore, it’s not only important to focus on sleeping long enough but also on sleeping well enough. If you often feel like you aren’t sleeping well or are extremely tired and don’t know why, it’s a good idea to check in with your healthcare provider.
21. What is the main reason for the amount of sleep we need per night
A. Sleep quality. B. Genetics. C. Our eating habits. D. Our age.
22. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. All school children need to sleep for 9 to 11 hours.
B. Any kind of genetic mutation can lead to a 6-hour sleep pattern.
C. You should turn to your healthcare provider as long as you feel tired.
D. Poor sleep quality may lead to tiredness though you’ve got enough sleep.
23. Where does this passage most probably come from
A. A health magazine. B. A travel brochure.
C. A fashion website. D. A sports newspaper.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了不同年龄段所需要的睡眠时间以及其他影响睡眠的因素。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“However, the amount of sleep you need per night is mainly determined by your age.(然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄)”可知，我们每晚需要多少睡眠的主要原因是我们的年龄。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If your sleep quality is poor, you may find that you still feel tired after getting what should be considered enough.(如果你的睡眠质量很差，你可能会发现你在得到应该被认为足够的睡眠后仍然感到疲倦)”可知，D选项“尽管你睡眠充足，睡眠质量差可能会导致疲劳”正确。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone has unique needs and preferences, and individual sleep requirements are no different. However, the amount of sleep you need per night is mainly determined by your age. Official recommendations for the length of a person’s sleep are broken down by age group(每个人都有独特的需求和偏好，个人的睡眠需求也没有什么不同。然而，你每晚需要的睡眠时间主要取决于你的年龄。官方对一个人的睡眠时间的建议是按年龄分组的)”结合文章主要说明了不同年龄段所需要的睡眠时间以及其他影响睡眠的因素。可推知，文章选自一本健康杂志。故选A。
B
Whenever he can, 15-year-old Elliot Morgan practices basketball in his backyard. He says it’s a good stress-reliever. But it wasn’t that long ago that he didn’t have time for this new hobby. “There were times in the summer when I would spend four or five hours a day on my phone,” he says. When school started in the fall, Morgan found himself scrolling (划屏) as soon as he woke up. “I realize I start to avoid workouts because I’m on my phone,” he says. “It’s affecting my focus.”
It has become clear that social media is a key player in many drivers of unhealthy habits. Social media apps are designed to encourage overuse, and teenagers are more likely to be influenced because their brains are at an important period of development that makes it harder to be free from temptation (诱惑). All of this makes limiting use more challenging — even for families who set rules.
“It’s a really big problem,” says Elliot’s mom, Alyssa. She was shocked when she discovered Elliot had bypassed parental controls and was spending five hours a day on social media. “I asked him, ‘Can you just take a look and see Just tell me what you think. Does this feel good to you ’” she says.
Elliot hadn’t realized how many hours he was on social media. And he was at a loss. With his mother’s help, he tried to start cutting back. After several months, he decided to delete (删除) social media apps altogether. “After that, I actually sleep enough and feel better,” he says. He’s now closer with his friends because they spend more time talking instead of scrolling. And joining school clubs has also helped him reduce time on his phone.
24. What can we learn about Elliot from the first paragraph
A. He is always late for class. B. He used to work out early.
C. He likes football at school. D. He lost himself in his phone.
25. How does social media affect teenagers according to the text
A. They tend to develop bad habits. B. They will take up more challenges.
C. They can improve reading skills. D. They find it hard to make friends.
26. What is probably Alyssa’s attitude to limiting social media use
A. Uncaring. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
27. How does Elliot probably find his life now
A. Lonely. B. Simple. C. Enjoyable. D. Difficult.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了15岁的Elliot Morgan如何从过度使用社交媒体的困扰中解脱出来，找回了健康的生活方式。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““There were times in the summer when I would spend four or five hours a day on my phone,” he says. When school started in the fall, Morgan found himself scrolling (划屏) as soon as he woke up.(‘夏天有段时间，我每天要花四五个小时在手机上，’他说。秋季开学后，摩根发现自己一醒来就在刷手机)”可知，Elliot曾沉迷于手机。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It has become clear that social media is a key player in many drivers of unhealthy habits. Social media apps are designed to encourage overuse, and teenagers are more likely to be influenced because their brains are at an important period of development that makes it harder to be free from temptation (诱惑).(很明显，社交媒体在许多不健康习惯的驱动因素中起着关键作用。社交媒体应用的设计就是为了鼓励过度使用，青少年更容易受到影响，因为他们的大脑正处于重要的发育阶段，很难摆脱诱惑)”可知，社交媒体会导致青少年形成不良习惯。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““It’s a really big problem,” says Elliot’s mom, Alyssa. She was shocked when she discovered Elliot had bypassed parental controls and was spending five hours a day on social media.(‘这真的是个大问题，’埃利奥特的妈妈阿丽莎说。当她发现埃利奥特绕过父母的控制，每天花五个小时在社交媒体上时，她很震惊)”可知，当阿丽莎发现埃利奥特绕过父母的控制，每天花五个小时在社交媒体上时，她很震惊，认为这是一个大问题；由此可推知，Alyssa对限制青少年使用社交媒体的做法可能持肯定态度。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““After that, I actually sleep enough and feel better,” he says. He’s now closer with his friends because they spend more time talking instead of scrolling. (‘在那之后，我实际上睡得足够了，感觉好多了，’他说。他现在和朋友们更亲近了，因为他们花更多的时间聊天，而不是刷屏)”可知，Elliot觉得自己现在睡眠更足、状态更好、与朋友关系更近；由此可知，Elliot可能认为眼下的生活是愉快的。故选C。
C
Alaska’s Yukon River has faced major salmon shortages in recent years. Officials say record-high temperatures last year killed most salmon in the 3,200-kilometer river before the fish were able to reproduce. The losses led Alaska to stop their salmon harvests in 2021 to make sure that enough fish survived to reproduce for another year.
The poor salmon harvests caused major financial losses to private fishing companies in the area. The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.
Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available. Alaska has sent emergency fish shipments to areas affected by the salmon shortages.
Scientists have mostly blamed the problems on a series of heat waves in the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean from 2014 to 2019. The warm ocean waters affected salmon’s living in the sea before they returned to lay eggs.
Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms (有机物) they normally feed on. “In my opinion, the salmon are starving with climate change,” said Brooke Woods in the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.
The effects of climate change on freshwater environments have also been studied. Vanessa von Biela is a biologist who looked at the rivers, streams and lakes where salmon live. Her team found that Chinook salmon show heat stress at temperatures above 18℃. They start dying above 20℃. In 2019, temperatures on the Alaskan side were above 18℃ for 44 straight days, a recent study found.
The effects of warming waters can be reduced by climate-driven glacier (冰川) runoff, which brings cooler water into rivers and streams. But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska. “Salmon will find a way,” said Biela. “but it’s going to be hard for communities in places where there might not be salmon anymore.”
28. What do the locals rely on salmon for
A. Food supply. B. Scientific study. C. Green tourism. D. Water improvement.
29. What did the declaration of the disaster bring about
A. Financial losses. B. Relief funds. C. Economic growth. D. Fast delivery.
30. Which of the following is the effect of climate change in Yukon River
A. No healthy organisms are left there. B. Salmon there lose the ability to lay eggs.
C. Salmon there go short of nutritious food. D. The temperature remains above 18℃ till now.
31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Measures to protect salmon are effective. B. Salmon will not find a way out of the crisis.
C. The amount of salmon will increase greatly. D. Salmon are likely to leave the river for survival.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿拉斯加育空河近年来面临鲑鱼严重短缺的问题，科学家们大多将这些问题归咎于气候变化。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.(这些鱼类的死亡也对当地社区造成了伤害，当地传统上储存这些鱼类作为全年的食物供应。)”可知，当地人靠鲑鱼来作为食物供应。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available.(上个月，美国商务部宣布育空河渔业在2020年和2021年处于灾难状态，使得援助资金被获得。)”可知，灾难的声明带来了救援资金。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms they normally feed on.(气候变化也可能影响鲑鱼的饮食。渔业专家说，年幼的鲑鱼可能会吃营养不良的食物，因为温暖的海水赶走了它们通常赖以为生的健康生物。)”可知，Yukon River的气候变化的影响是那里的鲑鱼缺乏营养食物。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska.(但科学家仍然预计鲑鱼会开始缓慢地迁移到阿拉斯加的新地区。)”可知，鲑鱼很可能为了生存而离开这条河流。故选D。
D
Three young American men were on a crowded train when they came across a dangerous robber. Ignoring their personal safety, they rushed the robber and controlled him. Only some people seem capable of this sudden form of heroism (英雄主义). Why some men rise to the occasion — and others don’t — has been a bit difficult to explain. Psychologists have explored this question through biological and personality psychology.
Of course, heroism and courage can appear in many forms, and men and women risk their reputation (名声), health, and social recognition to do what they think is right. When it comes to physically risky bravery, people assume that men will take the lead. There are sound biological reasons for this fixed image. One of the most common fears in men is that they will be viewed as a coward (懦夫), and a man who fails to display physical courage will suffer damage to his reputation in a way that a woman will not. Throughout history, gaining a higher position among peers (同龄人) has been the ticket that needs to get punched for a man to attract future wife and father children.
People tend to have an idea of what heroes are like. When rating (打分) the personalities of movie heroes, participants expected them to be more hard-working, open to experience, approachable, and emotionally stable than the average person. But some studies suggest that people who show heroic behavior usually have the personalities of madmen: risk-taking, coolness under stress, and an eagerness to take over in social situations.
The study of the relationship between personality and heroism is at an early stage. Psychologists are still at a loss to predict in advance who will heroically step up when needed. Often, the hero is an otherwise ordinary person who finds himself on an extraordinary occasion. Meanwhile, some individuals trained to behave heroically might hesitate in a dangerous situation. Various factors like identities, occasions and specific training will influence the final heroism. Hopefully, the right mix of occasion and personalities enable courage to carry the day.
32. How is the topic introduced in the first paragraph
A. By presenting an idea. B. By giving an example.
C. By making a comparison. D. By drawing a conclusion.
33. What do the underlined words “get punched” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Be bought. B. Be returned. C. Be abandoned. D. Be gained.
34 Why is it difficult to predict who will act heroically in a crisis
A. Heroes are born, not made.
B. Heroic acts only appear in a specific crisis.
C. Individual personality is not a dependable sign of heroism.
D. Heroism is a phenomenon influenced by numerous factors.
35. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. How Are Heroes Trained B. Why Are Heroes Important
C. Who Are the True Heroes D. What Makes a Person Heroic
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文，本文讨论了为什么有的人愿意冒着生命危险去救助他人。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Three young American men were on a crowded train when they encountered a heavily armed terrorist. With little regard for their personal safety, they rushed the terrorist and controlled him.(三名年轻的美国男子在拥挤的火车上遇到了一名全副武装的恐怖分子。他们不顾自己的人身安全，冲向恐怖分子并控制住了他)”作者描述了三个年轻的美国人在拥挤的列车上不顾个人安危，挺身而出，勇斗并制服全副武装的恐怖分子。这个具体的事例引出了本篇文章的主题——为什么有的人能成为英雄。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。结合划线部分所在句中“attaining a position of high status or dominance among one’s peers(在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位)”可推知，在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位对男性来说应是一种荣誉、优势，故此处指在人类历史上，在同辈中获得崇高或主导地位一直是男性吸引伴侣和生育后代的必要条件。get punched指“获取入场券或通行证”。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段“Psychologists are still at a loss to predict in advance who will heroically step up when needed. Often, the hero is an otherwise ordinary person who finds himself on an extraordinary occasion. Meanwhile, some individuals trained to behave heroically might hesitate in a dangerous situation(心理学家仍然无法提前预测谁会在需要的时候挺身而出。通常，英雄是一个普通人，他发现自己处于非同寻常的环境中。与此同时，一些受过英勇训练的人可能会在危险情况中犹豫不决)”可知，心理学家们仍然无法提前预测谁会在需要时挺身而出。因为英雄主义是与复杂的个人特质有关， 往往是在极端压力和不确定性下表现出来。然而有些人可能接受过英雄主义行为的训练，但这并不意味着他们在所有情况下都能表现出英勇行为，他们可能会在危机中犹豫或失去勇气。 由于个体差异、 不确定情境、受训经历、心理情绪多种因素的影响，很难预测谁会在危机中英勇行动。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Why some men rise to the occasion — and others don’t — has been a bit tricky to explain. Psychologists have explored this question through biological and personality psychology.(为什么有些男人能应付得了，而有些人却不能，这一点很难解释。心理学家通过生物心理学和人格心理学探索了这个问题)”可知，文章主要讲心理学家通过生物心理学和人格心理学探讨了为什么有人愿意冒着生命危险去救助他人这个问题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Curiosity is part of human nature. Children are famous for wanting answers to tons of questions. Books and TV shows often rely on curiosity. People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens. _____36_____
Many of history’s greatest discoveries were made by curious people. People wondered how processes worked or how certain tasks could be done more effectively. Thanks to their curiosity, people now know far more about the world and have useful technology to help them.
Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. If you develop the joy of learning, class will be more fun. _____37_____ Even if you’re no longer a student, curiosity will make you better informed and thus a more capable worker.
What do you do if you’re not already curious _____38_____ If you act like you’re curious, you’ll quickly start to actually feel curious. Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes.
As you learn about a topic, gather information from as many sources as possible. Read a variety of books, watch or listen to lectures and ask questions. _____39_____ Instead, learn to appreciate facts that different people know and the different opinions that they express. Don’t assume you already know what you need to know. Instead, search for alternative possibilities and points of view.
_____40_____ Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t. Find out what that is, and ask about it. This lets you learn something and makes the other person happy by letting them show off their knowledge. In the classroom or out of it, developing curiosity is sure to be worthwhile.
A. Ask a lot of questions.
B. Curiosity also provides many practical benefits.
C. Accept a variety of resources to feed your curiosity.
D. Fortunately, curiosity is a skill that can be improved.
E. Don’t always get your information from the same source.
F. Curiosity drives the process of discoveries and innovation.
G. And you’ll do better because you’ll be fully engaged in the learning process.
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. D 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了好奇心的好处以及提高好奇心的方法和策略。
【36题详解】
上文“People keep reading or watching because they want to find out what happens. (人们一直阅读或观看，因为他们想知道发生了什么)”指出人们去阅读和看电视是因为好奇心；下文讲述了所带来的好处；空处承接前文，并引出后文好奇心的好处，B项“但是好奇心也会带来一些实际的好处。”符合语境，在前文讨论好奇心驱动探索行为之后，引出后文关于好奇心带来的具体好处。故选B。
【37题详解】
上文“Even if you don’t plan to be an inventor or researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. If you develop the joy of learning, class will be more fun. (即使你不打算成为一名发明家或研究人员，好奇心仍然可以在课堂上帮助你。如果你培养了学习的乐趣，课堂就会更有趣)”说明好奇心能够让课堂变得更有趣。空处承接前文，说明由于完全投入学习过程，所以表现会更好。G项“你会做得更好，因为你会全身心地投入到学习过程中。”符合语境，G项中的“fully engaged in the learning process”和前文中的“develop the joy of learning”相呼应。故选G。
【38题详解】
由上文“What do you do if you’re not already curious (如果你还不好奇，你会怎么办？)”以及下文“If you act like you’re curious, you’ll quickly start to actually feel curious. Often, the more you learn about a topic, the more interesting it becomes.(如果你表现得很好奇，你会很快开始感到好奇。通常，你对一个话题了解得越多，它就越有趣)”可知，本段提出了如果本身不具好奇心应如何做的问题并给出了建议。空处回答上文提出的问题，说明好奇心是可以培养的技能，自然引出下文关于如何培养好奇心的建议。D项“幸运的是，好奇心是一种可以提高的技能。”符合语境。故选D。
【39题详解】
下文“Instead, learn to appreciate facts that different people know and the different opinions that they express. Don’t assume you already know what you need to know. Instead, search for alternative possibilities and points of view.(相反，要学会欣赏不同的人知道的事实和他们表达的不同意见。不要以为你已经知道你需要知道的。相反，寻找其他可能性和观点)”说明从多方面获取信息，欣赏不同人的知识和观点，避免固守单一视角。空出引出下文，E项“不要总是从同一个来源获取信息。”符合语境。故选E。
【40题详解】
设空处为段首句；由下文“Remember, everyone knows something that you don’t. Find out what that is, and ask about it. This lets you learn something and makes the other person happy by letting them show off their knowledge.(记住，每个人都知道一些你不知道的事情。找出这是什么，并询问它。这可以让你学到一些东西，并通过让对方展示他们的知识来让他们高兴)”可知本段建议要多去问一些你不知道的问题。A项“多问问题。”适合作本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Louie, a pet parrot, saved a whole family. He _____41_____ the sleeping Klein family in the middle of the night as flames swept through their home.
“Louie is a true _____42_____,” Barbara Klein recently told news agency South West News Service (SWNS). “If it hadn’t been for him, I probably wouldn’t have been _____43_____ at that time. He started shouting ‘Fire’. He had never said that word before in my _____44_____. When I woke up, the fire was starting to spread across the living room floor.” Unluckily for the family, Louie didn’t _____45_____. Barbara said, “He was like our babies, so it’s _____46_____.”
Barbara took her five-year-old granddaughter _____47_____ and ran out of the house. Her husband Larry also made it out, but was severely wounded when escaping from the burning building. “He ran to the kitchen and tried to _____48_____ the fire out with water,” Barbara told SWNS. “After we left, he ran back into the house and insisted on _____49_____ the pet but with no _____50_____.” The Kleins suffered great _____51_____ in the fire. Their house was in _____52_____ along with its contents and the parrot Louie passed away.
“People have _____53_____ with clothing and someone donated an apartment for three months,” Barbara said. “The man who donated the apartment also _____54_____ us with a baby parrot. We call him Louie Jr to _____55_____ Louie.”
41. A. annoyed B. alarmed C. digested D. noticed
42. A. model B. chef C. hero D. pioneer
43. A. awake B. asleep C. alone D. afraid
44. A. opinion B. version C. memory D. sight
45. A. survive B. resist C. relieve D. respond
46. A. frightening B. shocking C. sorrowful D. adorable
47. A. appropriately B. gently C. secretly D. immediately
48. A. turn B. blow C. keep D. put
49. A. accompanying B. saving C. comforting D. generating
50. A. luck B. doubt C. bet D. barrier
51. A. injuries B. losses C. calories D. failures
52. A. association B. link C. ruins D. rows
53. A. rushed out B. cry out for C. run away D. reached out
54. A. presented B. equipped C. expanded D. compared
55. A. estimate B. honor C. forget D. reward
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要报道一只宠物鹦鹉发现家中起火，在熊熊烈火中及时呼救，成了全家人的救命英雄的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在大半夜惊动了熟睡的Klein一家，当时火焰正席卷他们的家。A. annoyed使生气，惹恼；B. alarmed警告，惊动；C. digested消化；D. noticed注意。根据上文“Louie, a pet parrot, saved a whole family.”可知，在火灾中，鹦鹉发出警告，惊动了Klein一家，从而拯救了他们。故选B。
42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Louie是一个真正的英雄，”Barbara Klein最近告诉SWNS新闻社。A. model模型，榜样；B. chef厨师；C. hero英雄；D. pioneer先锋。根据上文“Louie, a pet parrot, saved a whole family.”可知，Louie救了全家人，是个英雄。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果不是因为它，我可能那时候不会醒来。A. awake醒着的；B. asleep睡着的；C. alone独自的；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文“He ___1____ the sleeping Klein family in the middle of the night”可知，要不是鹦鹉，Barbara在那时不会是醒着的。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的记忆中，他以前从未说过这个词。A. opinion意见；B. version版本；C. memory记忆；D. sight景象。结合语境及“before”可知，此处指在记忆中鹦鹉以前从没说过“Fire”这个词。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，对于这家人来说，Louie没有活下来。A. survive幸存，活下来；B. resist抵抗；C. relieve缓解；D. respond回应。根据下文“the parrot Louie passed away”可知，鹦鹉去世了，没有能活下来。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它就像我们的孩子一样，所以这很令人悲伤。A. frightening可怕的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. sorrowful悲伤的；D. adorable可爱的。根据上文“He was like our babies”可知，鹦鹉就像家里的孩子一样，所以鹦鹉去世是一件悲伤的事情。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Barbara立刻带着她五岁的孙女跑出了房子。A. appropriately适当地；B. gently温柔地；C. secretly秘密地；D. immediately立即。根据语境及下文“ran out of the house”可知，发生火灾应立刻逃生。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他跑到厨房，试图用水扑灭火势。”Barbara告诉SWNS。A. turn转向；B. blow吹；C. keep保持；D. put使处于（某状态或情况）。根据下文“with water”可知，此处指用水灭火，put out“熄灭，扑灭”为固定短语。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们离开后，他又跑回房子里，坚持要救出宠物，但运气不好。A. accompanying陪伴；B. saving拯救，节约；C. comforting安慰；D. generating生成。根据上文“he ran back into the house”可知，发生火灾时跑回屋子应是要救鹦鹉出来。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们离开后，他又跑回房子里，坚持要救出宠物，但运气不好。A. luck运气；B. doubt怀疑；C. bet打赌；D. barrier障碍。根据下文“the parrot Louie passed away”可知，没能救出鹦鹉，no luck“运气不佳”。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Klein一家在火灾中遭受了巨大的损失。A. injuries伤害；B. losses损失；C. calories卡路里；D. failures失败。根据下文“Their house was in ___12___ along with its contents and the parrot Louie passed away.”可知，这家人在火灾中损失惨重。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的房子和里面的东西都成了废墟，鹦鹉Louie也去世了。A. association协会；B. link链接；C. ruins废墟；D. rows排。结合语境及下文“People have ___13___ with clothing and someone donated an apartment for three months”可知，房子被烧成废墟，be in ruins“成为废墟”。故选C。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“人们纷纷伸出援手，提供衣物，有人捐赠了一套公寓，为期三个月。”Barbara说。A. rushed out冲出去；B. cried out for迫切需要；C. run away逃跑；D. reached out伸出援手。根据下文“someone donated an apartment”可知，此处指好心人对Klein一家伸出援手。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：捐赠公寓的人还赠送给我们一只小鹦鹉。A. presented赠送；B. equipped装备；C. expanded扩展；D. compared比较。根据空后“us with a baby parrot”可知，此处指那个人还送了一只小鹦鹉，present sb. with sth.“向某人赠送某物”。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们称它为Louie Jr，以纪念Louie。A. estimate估计；B. honor纪念；C. forget忘记；D. reward奖励。根据上文“We call him Louie Jr”可知，给小鹦鹉取名Louie Jr是为了纪念英勇救人的鹦鹉Louie。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese calligraphy is an artistic practice of writing Chinese characters, often with a brush and ink on xuan paper. The ___56___ (develop) of Chinese calligraphy began alongside the earliest Chinese characters ___57___ date back to the Shang Dynasty (c. 16th century—11th century BC). Over time, calligraphy took shape step by step as ___58___ form of art rather than just a means of record.
Calligraphy is a difficult art. The type of brush, ink and paper can all affect the output. From brush direction ___59___ speed of writing, every turn of the wrist also ___60___ (matter). Structure of individual characters and spatial layout (布局) as a whole influence ___61___ (it) quality. Moreover, it is said that even the feelings and values of the writer are directly reflected on calligraphy.
Lan Ting Xu, ___62___ (create) by Wang Xizhi during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317—420), is one of the most celebrated ___63___ (masterpiece) of Chinese calligraphy. Its expressive brushwork brought it both historical ___64___ cultural significance in Chinese literature. Calligraphy is also within reach, like the Spring Festival couplets (春联).
Where there is Chinese language, there is Chinese calligraphy, and where there is calligraphy, there is beauty. The art is still ___65___ (high) valued today, for it is more than just writing, it is a living heritage.
【答案】56. development
57. that 58. a
59. to 60. matters
61. its 62. created
63. masterpieces
64. and 65. highly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国书法的历史、艺术特点及其文化价值。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国书法的发展始于最早的汉字，可以追溯到商朝(公元前16世纪至公元前11世纪)。分析句式结构再根据空格前的the可知，此处用提示词的名词形式developmen作主语。故填developmen。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词characters指物，且先行词前有最高级the earliest修饰，所以应该用关系代词that来引导。故填that。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着时间的推移，书法逐渐成为一种艺术形式，而不仅仅是一种记录手段。意可知，此处是泛指“一种”一种艺术形式，且form的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：从笔触的方向到书写的速度，手腕的每一次转动都很重要。分析句意再根据上文的From可知，此处用介词to构成固定短语from…to表示“从……到……”。故填to。
【60题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：同上。根据上文的is可知，本句的时态为一般现在时，且主语every turn of the wrist是第三人称单数，所以空格处谓语动词应该用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填matters。
【61题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：个体人物的结构和整体的空间布局影响其品质。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的形容词性物主代词来修饰名词quality。故填its。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：东晋时期(317-420)王羲之创作的《兰亭序》是中国书法最著名的杰作之一。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，又因为create和Lan Ting Xu之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。分析句意再根据上文的one of可知，one of后面应该跟可数名词的复数形式。故填masterpieces。
【64题详解】
考查连词。句意：其富有表现力的笔法使其在中国文学中具有历史和文化意义。分析句意可知，此处上下文之间是并列关系，所以用连词and。故填and。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：这种艺术在今天仍然受到高度重视，因为它不仅仅是文字，它是一种活的遗产。分析结构可知，此处用提示词的副词形式highly作状语修饰动词valued。故填highly。
第三节根据汉语或首字母填空(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
66. Our comfort foods _________ (不同) from person to person. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】vary
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们的安慰食物因人而异。根据汉语提示可知。vary“不同”，动词，句子是描述一个事实，用一般现在时，主语foods是名词复数，谓语动词用原形，故填vary。
67. To eat out is also asocial activity, allowing me to e________the relationship with my friends. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】enhance##nhance
【解析】
【详解】考查动词原形。句意：出去吃饭也是一种社交活动，可以增进我和朋友的关系。to后接动词原形作宾语补足语。根据首字母和句意可知，空处填动词enhance。故填enhance。
68. It definitely hit the s _________ when I tried it. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】spot##pot
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我试了一下，果然很合我的胃口。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处考查动词短语hit the spot，意为“合口味，恰到好处”，故填spot。
69. Today Guangzhou’s restaurant stimulate customers’ a_________ with a thousand offerings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】appetite##ppetite
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，广州的餐馆用千种美食刺激着顾客的食欲。根据首字母以及空前的“customers’”可知，空处需要名词appetite“胃口，食欲”，在句中作宾语。此处指美食刺激着顾客的食欲。故选appetite。
70. The food in my hometown never fails to __________ (给...留下深刻印象) tourists from around the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】impress
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我家乡的食物总是给来自世界各地的游客留下深刻的印象。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词impress“给……留下深刻印象”。“never fail to do sth.”意为“一定会做某事，总是能够做某事”。故填impress。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(满分15分)
71. 假设你是李华，你的笔友Jim 下个月要来中国旅游，他想向你了解一下中国的饮食并请你帮忙推荐几道中国特色菜。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.简单介绍一下中餐;
2.推荐几道中国特色菜。
注意：1.词数80词左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hu
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m glad to hear that you are going to visit China next month. It’s a great opportunity for you to experience the food culture of China.
Chinese food is famous all over the world. More and more westerners are becoming fond of it. It has eight major cuisines. People in different areas have different cuisine types. There are numerous kinds of foods and light snacks which are to everyone’s taste. When you eat in a restaurant, what is good to order Here I highly recommend the following specialties: Peking duck hot pot, dumplings and Kung Pao chicken. As a hot food lover, hot pot is my favorite.
I’m looking forward to your visit. I’ll treat you to a big meal.
Yours,
Li Hu
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给笔友Jim回信，介绍中国餐饮文化的基本情况，并推荐几道具有代表性的中国特色菜肴。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity → chance
著名的：famous → well-known
主要的：major → principal
众多的：numerous → countless
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Chinese food is famous all over the world.
拓展句：As you know, Chinese food is famous all over the world.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to hear that you are going to visit China next month.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】There are numerous kinds of foods and light snacks which are to everyone’s taste.(运用了which引导的定语从句)
第二节(满分20分)
72. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mr. Ward couldn’t stand students cheating the most. Whenever there was an exam, he watched very closely, making sure no act of cheating was neglected, and any student who cheated would be seriously punished.
I remember many times after tests, Mr. Ward found that the students sitting around me had better scores than the others and the further away a student was from me, the worse his grade. Mr. Ward suspected that some of the juniors “accidentally” got some of my answers. So he and I had a very interesting talk about cheating.
Mr. Ward once told me of some of the ways students tried to cheat. Student A intentionally “dropped” his pencil an unusually far distance from his desk. Then he stood up and walked slowly across the room to take it back. On the way, he glanced at the papers. Student B got a piece of paper and wrote down all the formulas (公式) on a tiny bit of paper taped to the inside of the kid’s palm. These incidents weren’t very rare.
The last day of the entire school year, all I had left was my math exam and there seemed to be some definite tension in the air because this was the biggest test of the year. I saw some kids trying to do some last minute studying, some trying to calm themselves down by breathing slowly and some saying a silent prayer.
Mr. Ward went to the front and started handing out the tests by rows. After explaining the rules of the test he said very clearly, “If you cheat, I will take your test and tear it up. You will get a 0 for the biggest grade of the year.” Mr. Ward moved very effortlessly and efficiently about the room and during every test he went into a sort of RADAR mode. He sat at the front and watched the room for anything that might look like cheating. During this RADAR mode, if you were cheating, you would be caught. Guaranteed.
注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Our test started and we were sitting there busy working on our papers.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then Mr. Ward asked the kid he was watching to go to his office.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Our test started and we were sitting there busy working on our papers. Given the importance of the test, all students put in a lot of effort to write down their answers. I was relieved when I finished it easily. With 15 minutes left, I carefully checked my answers. Then I put down my pencil and looked around. At that time, I noticed something peculiar. I was surprised to see a kid stretching his neck to sneak a look at other students’ answers. He was cheating! I was unsure of what to do when I saw Mr. Ward looking at the kid with anger in his eyes.
Then Mr. Ward asked the kid he was watching to go to his office. The kid, feeling embarrassed and scared, slowly moved into the office. In front of the stern Mr. Ward, the kid stood still and silent, his head hanging low and his body shaking uncontrollably. Eventually, he was overwhelmed with guilt, tears of regret streaming down his face. In a tearful voice, he confessed to cheating in the test. Mr. Ward’s expression softened slightly. He gently patted the kid’s head and said seriously, “Honesty is the most important thing!” The kid nodded in understanding. Despite receiving a failing grade, the kid learned a valuable lesson about honesty.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ward先生最不能容忍学生作弊，在整个学年的最后一天，只剩下数学考试，这是一年中最重要的考试，空气中弥漫着紧张的氛围，Ward先生分发试卷后告诫同学们不要作弊，一旦作弊就会被抓住并得0分。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“考试开始了，我们坐在那里忙着做试卷。”可知，第一段可描写作者写完试卷后发现有个学生在作弊。
②由第二段首句内容“然后，Ward先生让他监视的那个孩子去他的办公室。”可知，第二段可描写那个学生承认作弊，Ward先生告诫他诚实是最重要的。
2.续写线索：写试卷——发现有个学生作弊——学生被叫到办公室——承认作弊——Ward先生教导学生要诚实
3.词汇激活
行为类
①写下：write down /take down
②完成：finish/complete
③承认：confess/admit
情绪类
①惊讶的：surprised/astonished
②害怕：scared/frightened
【点睛】[高分句型1] I was unsure of what to do when I saw Mr. Ward looking at the kid with anger in his eyes.（由连接代词what引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2] In front of the stern Mr. Ward, the kid stood still and silent, his head hanging low and his body shaking uncontrollably.（独立主格结构）
