盐城中学高一年级春学期第二次阶段性质量检测（2024. 5. 23）
英语试题
试卷说明：本场考试时间120分钟，总分150分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does Paul come to the woman’s house this morning
A. To attend a party. B. To show gratitude. C. To look for his phone.
2. How does Felix feel now
A. Regretful. B. Encouraged. C. Sympathetic.
3. What does the woman offer to do for the man
A. Practice French with him.
B. Find him a study partner.
C. Introduce him to a foreigner.
4. What is the man going to do this Friday
A. Go on a picnic. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a meeting.
5. What caused the power failure
A. Delaying paying the bill. B. Using lots of appliances. C. Repairing the roads.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What might the woman be
A. A writer. B. A bookseller. C. A publisher.
7. What does the man mean in the end
A. He can find the book himself.
B. He knows the book very well.
C. He doesn’t like adventure novels.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where probably are the speakers
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a pet store.
9. What is the man’s attitude toward cyber cat petting
A. Critical. B. Understanding. C. Careless.
10. What do Japanese researchers say about looking at pictures of cats
A. It can case people’s stress.
B. It helps people work better.
C. It can improve the family relationship.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did Vicky do to improve her Chinese
A. She traveled to China.
B. She had classes with her mother.
C. She learned from a tutor online.
12. How much has Vicky paid to improve her Chinese so far
A. $600. B. $700. C. $800.
13. How does Vicky sound in the end
A. Anxious. B. Grateful. C. Surprised.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student.
15. What do we know about big talk
A. It’s always related to small things.
B. It’s about talking proudly about personal abilities.
C. It’s conversation about important issues.
16. Why did Kalina Silverman skip small talk
A. She thought small talk is unnecessary.
B. She was eager to connect with others.
C. She wanted to make a fantastic video.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Some phrases. B. School life. C. A meaningful question.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the Missing Post Office do
A. Deliver letters quickly.
B. Receive unaddressed letters.
C. Publish mailed letters.
19. Where did the artist’s inspiration come from
A. An art festival. B. A postman. C. Floating items.
20. What can visitors do in the Missing Post Office
A. Help organize the letters.
B. Buy the postcards they’re interested in.
C. Leave their own letters behind.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Jitterbug Flip2. Our easiest Jitterbug phone ever.
The Jitterbug Flip2, from the makers of the original easy-to-use cell phone, has big buttons and a Urgent Response button on the keypad.
EASY TO USE Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial (拨号) and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Jitterbug Flip2. A large screen, big buttons, and one-touch speed dialing make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation will be loud and clear.
EASY TO ENJOY Wherever you go, a built-in camera makes it easy and fun for you to film and share your favorite memories. Plus, the flashlight and built-in magnifier (放大镜) help you see in dark areas.
EASY TO BE PREPARED Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, judge your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7.
The Jitterbug Flip2 is one of the most affordable cell phones on the market and comes with reliable nationwide coverage. With no long-term contracts or cancellation fees, you can switch plans anytime.
1. How can you get help with Jitterbug Flip2 in face of danger
A. By monitoring around the clock. B. By checking your present location.
C. By judging your future uncertainty. D. By pressing a button and speaking.
2. Who may favor Jitterbug Flip2 most
A. The students. B. The elderly.
C. The disabled. D. The leaders.
3. What is one of the features of the plans of Jitterbug Flip2
A. Zero hidden monthly fees. B. Not many long-term contracts.
C. Most reliable international coverage. D. Mainly U. S. -based customer service.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了智能机Jitterbug Flip2的有关信息，包括其性能介绍、订阅服务以及促销活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据EASY TO BE PREPARED中“but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, judge your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7.(但你可以在不确定或危险的情况下做好准备，使用紧急响应服务非常有用。只需按下紧急响应按钮，即可与经过训练有素的代理通话，他可以确认您的位置，评估你的情况，每时每刻为你提供帮助。)”可知，危险情况下，只需摁下紧急反应键与受过高级训练的经纪人讲话。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段对Jitterbug Flip2的描述“The Jitterbug Flip2, from the makers of the original easy-to-use cell phone, has big buttons and a Urgent Response button on the keypad.(Jitterbug Flip2是最早的易用手机制造商生产的，它有大按键，键盘上还有一个紧急响应按键。)”以及打折图标中“GRANDPARENT’S DAY”可推知，老年人会最喜爱这款智能机。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据套餐服务图标部分的“No hidden monthly fees(没有隐藏的每月费用)”可知，Jitterbug Flip2无隐藏资费。故选A。
【点睛】
B
18 years ago, a 14-year-old boy from Kasungu district in Malawi was forced to drop out of school for lack of fees. At the same time, a severe famine was destroying his village, claiming people’s lives and leaving desperation in its wake.
This was a situation to break the strongest of minds but William Kamkwamba did not give up. Young as he was, he knew that education was where his future lay. He found hope in the library and feasted on the knowledge that he harvested from its books. It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways.
Armed with determination and an iron will, the teenager set out to build a windmill out of random materials from a scrapyard (垃圾场). Though his outside world was collapsing to dust, the youngster did not hesitate about his purpose. He defended himself from all doubt and criticism. He worked tirelessly until his dream of bringing electricity to his village became reality. Soon, he was caught in the center of media attention that took him to new places that he would never have stepped on without his invention.
In his village, the dust has not settled yet and the winds of change continue to blow across the land. Windmills pump water to irrigate crops, sweeping away another period of hunger. William’s former primary school boasts new and stronger buildings, thanks to the help of well-wishers and the villagers’ united efforts.
What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College.
4. What inspired William to bring electricity to his village
A. His realization of the impact of electricity. B. His awareness of the role of education.
C. The science textbook entitled Using Energy. D. The severe famine destroying his village.
5. What can we learn from paragraph 3
A. All people didn’t support William’s dream at first.
B. The public had little interest in William’s invention.
C. The invention enabled William to make a big fortune.
D. The windmill is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.
6. What does the underlined words “set in stone”in the last paragraph mean
A. Visible. B. Avoidable. C. Unchangeable. D. Unpredictable.
7. What message does the author want to convey in this story
A. Knowledge feasts mind and education promises wealth.
B. Necessity inspires invention and hardship makes heroes.
C. Criticism promotes success and doubt facilitates creation.
D. Adversity motivates inspiration and support pushes solutions.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了少年William Kamkwamba通过废品改造，把村里通电的梦想成为现实。风车抽水灌溉庄稼，缓解了当地的饥荒。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways.(在那里，他看到了一本名为《使用能源》的科学教科书。他了解到他可以利用风发电。这个年轻人意识到，如果掌握了这种力量，他可以以不同寻常的方式帮助他的村庄)”可知，科学教科书《使用能源》激励威廉把电带到他的村庄。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“He defended himself from all doubt and criticism.(他为自己辩护，不受任何怀疑和批评)”可知，起初并不是所有人都支持威廉的梦想。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune”以及后文“He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough.(他为自己的问题寻求解决方案，即使情况变得艰难，他也会继续战斗)”可知，一个看似绝望的情况已经变成了一个鼓舞人心的故事，说明没有什么不幸是一成不变的，故划线词意思是“不变的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College.(一个看似绝望的情况已经变成了一个鼓舞人心的故事，激励着我们每一个人，让我们相信没有什么不幸是一成不变的。威廉拒绝永远做一个辍学者。他为自己的问题寻求解决方案，即使情况变得艰难，他也会继续战斗。他能够摆脱贫困，成为美国最好的大学之一达特茅斯学院的毕业生)”结合文章主要讲述了少年William Kamkwamba通过废品改造，把村里通电的梦想成为现实。风车抽水灌溉庄稼，缓解了当地的饥荒。可知，作者想在这个故事中表达需要激发发明，困难造就英雄。故选B。
C
Scientists have found a way to decode (解码) a stream of words in the brain using MRI scans and artificial intelligence. The system reconstructs the main point of what a person hears or imagines, rather than trying to copy each word, a team reports. “It’s getting at the ideas behind the words, the meaning, says Alexander Huth, an author of the study.
Previous efforts to decode language have relied on sensors placed directly on the surface of the brain. The sensors detect signals in areas involved in expressing words. But the Texas team’s approach is an attempt to “decode more freeform thought,” says Marcel Just, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University.
The new study came about as part of an effort to understand how the brain processes language. Researchers had three people spend up to 16 hours each in a functional MRI scanner, which detects signs of activity across the brain. Participants wore headphones that streamed audio from the Internet. Those streams of words produced activity all over the brain, not just in areas associated with speech and language. After participants listened to hours of stories in the scanner, the MRI data was sent to a computer. It learned to match specific patterns of brain activity with certain streams of words. Then came a paraphrased version of what a participant heard.
The MRI approach is currently slower and less accurate than an experimental communication system being developed for paralyzed people, where people get a sheet of electrical sensors implanted directly on the surface of the brain. With an MRI-based system, no one has to get surgery.
But future versions of MRI scans could raise moral questions. “What if you can read out the word that somebody is just thinking in their head That’s potentially a harmful thing.” Huth says. This technology can’t really read minds uncontrollably, though. It only works when a participant is actively cooperating with scientists. Still, systems that decode language could someday support people who are unable to speak because of a brain injury or disease. They are also assisting scientists in understanding how the brain processes words and thoughts.
8. What is special about the Texas team’s study
A. Brain can be reconstructed. B. Sensor signals can be improved.
C. Expression can be perfected. D. Meanings can be comprehended.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The way of speech decoding. B. Steps of word matching.
C. The process of an experiment. D. Patterns of brain activity.
10. What can be implied about MRI scans from the last paragraph
A. They are a double-edged sword. B. They are potentially harmful to life.
C. They are well worth researching. D. They are helpful to treat brain disease.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Decoder That Can Convey Meaning B. A Decoder That Can Read Your Mind
C. MRI Scanner: Still a Long Way to Go D. MRI Scanner: Bridge Message Gap
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家通过核磁共振扫描和人工智能来解码大脑中的单词流，这项新研究是为了了解大脑如何处理语言。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““It’s getting at the ideas behind the words, the meaning, says Alexander Huth, an author of the study.”（该研究的作者之一亚历山大·胡特(Alexander Huth)说:“这是在理解单词背后的意思。”）根据第二段“Previous efforts to decode language have relied on sensors placed directly on the surface of the brain. The sensors detect signals in areas involved in expressing words. But the Texas team’s approach is an attempt to “decode more freeform thought,” says Marcel Just, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University. (以前解码语言的努力依赖于直接放置在大脑表面的传感器。传感器检测与表达单词有关的区域的信号。但卡耐基梅隆大学的心理学教授马塞尔·贾斯特说，德克萨斯团队的方法是试图“解码更多自由形式的思想”)”可知，德克萨斯研究小组的研究的特别之处是意思可以被理解。故选D。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The new study came about as part of an effort to understand how the brain processes language. Researchers had three people spend up to 16 hours each in a functional MRI scanner, which detects signs of activity across the brain. Participants wore headphones that streamed audio from the Internet. Those streams of words produced activity all over the brain, not just in areas associated with speech and language. After participants listened to hours of stories in the scanner, the MRI data was sent to a computer. It learned to match specific patterns of brain activity with certain streams of words. Then came a paraphrased version of what a participant heard.(这项新研究是为了了解大脑如何处理语言。研究人员让三个人每人花16个小时在功能性核磁共振扫描仪上，以检测大脑活动的迹象。参与者戴着耳机，播放来自互联网的音频。这些单词流在整个大脑中产生活动，而不仅仅是与语音和语言相关的区域。参与者在扫描仪中听了几个小时的故事后，核磁共振成像数据被发送到电脑上。它学会了将特定的大脑活动模式与特定的词汇流相匹配。然后是参与者听到的内容的释义版本)”可知，第三段的主要内容是实验的过程。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still, systems that decode language could someday support people who are unable to speak because of a brain injury or disease. They are also assisting scientists in understanding how the brain processes words and thoughts.(尽管如此，解码语言的系统有一天可能会帮助那些因脑损伤或疾病而无法说话的人。它们还帮助科学家了解大脑是如何处理文字和思想的)”可知，核磁共振扫描非常值得研究。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientists have found a way to decode (解码) a stream of words in the brain using MRI scans and artificial intelligence.(科学家们已经找到了一种方法，通过核磁共振扫描和人工智能来解码大脑中的单词流)”结合文章主要说明了科学家通过核磁共振扫描和人工智能来解码大脑中的单词流，这项新研究是为了了解大脑如何处理语言。可知，B选项“一个能读懂你的心的解码器”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
An increase in a country’s working-age population is a blessing. Lots of workers support relatively few children and retired people. So long as the labor market can absorb an increasing number of job-seekers, output per head will rise. That can boost savings and investment, leading to higher economic growth, more productivity gains and developmental speed-up. Yet for countries that fail to seize this opportunity, the results can be tough.
Consider Thailand. It is rapidly aging. In 2021, the share of Thais aged 65 or over hit 14%, a figure that is often used to define an aged society Soon Thailand will, like Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, see a decreasing supply of workers and flagging productivity and growth without extraordinary measures. Yet unlike Japan and the rest. Thailand is not a developed country. It has got old before it has got rich.
This is a big barrier to Thailand’s future development. To protect its aging citizens, many of whom are poor, Thailand’s government will have to spend more on health care and pensions (养老金). This will make it harder to invest in productivity-boosting skills and infrastructure (基础设施). And where Thailand goes, many developing countries will follow.
One conclusion is that countries with a working-age burst need seeking more economic growth out of it. India may never have a better chance than the present. It is widely accepted that privatization and looser foreign-investment rules could raise its growth rate.
Another conclusion is that developing countries need to start planning for old age earlier. They should reform their pension systems, including by raising retirement ages. They should encourage financial markets, providing options for long-term saving and health insurance. And they should try harder to increase female participation in the labor force. Getting more women into jobs would help deal with the fact that women live longer than men, but tend to have less savings and pensions, leaving them in difficult situations in old age.
12. What does “opportunity” in the first paragraph refer to
A. Providing more jobs for working-age laborers.
B. Reducing support for children and the elderly.
C. Encouraging investment for economic growth.
D. Increasing economic output and labor productivity.
13. Why is aging considered a barrier to Thailand’s future development
A. It causes a shortage of young workers.
B. It forces the country to invest in infrastructure.
C. It leads to less investment in economic development.
D. It increases the burden on the working-age population.
14. Why is it important for developing countries to involve more women in labor force
A. To extend women’s retirement ages.
B. To encourage women to be included in health insurance.
C. To equalize the number of men and women in the workplace.
D. To settle the conflict between women’s long lifespan and small pension.
15. What is the best title of the passage
A. Aging Problems in Developing Countries.
B. Planning Ahead for Aging Societies.
C Challenges and Opportunities of Aging Societies.
D. The Role of Female Labors in Addressing the Aging Issue.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于工作年龄人口增加对经济增长的潜在影响，以及那些过早面临老龄化挑战的国家所面临的问题和应对策略。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“opportunity”上文的“An increase in a country’s working-age population is a blessing. Lots of workers support relatively few children and retired people. So long as the labor market can absorb an increasing number of job-seekers, output per head will rise. That can boost savings and investment, leading to higher economic growth, more productivity gains and developmental speed-up.(一个国家适龄劳动人口的增加是一件好事。许多工人抚养的孩子和退休人员相对较少。只要劳动力市场能够吸收越来越多的求职者，人均产出就会上升。这可以促进储蓄和投资，从而实现更高的经济增长、生产率的提高和发展速度的加快。)”可知，这里的“opportunity”指的是劳动力市场能够吸收越来越多的求职者。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“To protect its aging citizens, many of whom are poor, Thailand’s government will have to spend more on health care and pensions(养老金). This will make it harder to invest in productivity-boosting skills and infrastructure(基础设施).(为了保护老年公民，其中许多人都很穷，泰国政府将不得不在医疗保健和养老金方面投入更多资金。这将使投资提高生产力的技能和基础设施变得更加困难。)”可知，泰国正在迅速老龄化，这意味着政府将不得不增加在医疗保健和养老金方面的支出。这将使得投资于提高生产力的技能和基础设施变得更加困难。因此，老龄化导致泰国在经济发展方面的投资减少，从而成为其未来发展的一个障碍。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“And they should try harder to increase female participation in the labor force. Getting more women into jobs would help deal with the fact that women live longer than men, but tend to have less savings and pensions, leaving them in difficult situations in old age.(他们应该更加努力地提高女性在劳动力中的参与度。让更多的女性参加工作将有助于解决这样一个事实:女性比男性寿命更长，但往往储蓄和养老金较少，使她们在老年时处境困难。)”可知，让更多的女性进入工作岗位将有助于应对女性寿命更长但储蓄和养老金较少的现实。这意味着，通过提高女性劳动力市场的参与度，可以使得这些女性有更多的机会进行储蓄和获得更好的养老金，从而解决她们寿命长但养老金少的问题。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“An increase in a country’s working-age population is a blessing. Lots of workers support relatively few children and retired people. So long as the labor market can absorb an increasing number of job-seekers, output per head will rise. That can boost savings and investment, leading to higher economic growth, more productivity gains and developmental speed-up. Yet for countries that fail to seize this opportunity, the results can be tough.(一个国家适龄劳动人口的增加是一件好事。许多工人抚养的孩子和退休人员相对较少。只要劳动力市场能够吸收越来越多的求职者，人均产出就会上升。这可以促进储蓄和投资，从而实现更高的经济增长、生产率的提高和发展速度的加快。然而，对于未能抓住这一机遇的国家来说，结果可能会很艰难。)”以及全文内容可知，本文首先讨论了老龄化社会为经济增长带来的潜在机遇，随后转向过早老龄化的国家所面临的挑战，并为这些国家提供了应对挑战的建议。因此选项C“Challenges and Opportunities of Aging Societies. (老龄化社会的挑战与机遇)”最能概括文章的主要内容和结构。故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Scientists have discovered many uses for peppers. Called capsaicin (辣椒素), it’s the main ingredient in pepper spray. ____16____ In smaller quantities, capsaicin can relieve pain, help with weight loss and possibly affect microbes in the gut (肠道) to keep people healthier. Now how cool is that
Capsaicin triggers a rush of stress hormones. ____17____ It can also make someone feel energized. Some people enjoy this feeling. But there is another reason why peppers show up on dinner plates around the world. When food sits out in warm weather, microbes on the food start to multiply. If people eat food with too many of these germs, they risk getting very sick. The cold temperature inside a refrigerator stops most microbes from growing. ____18____ But long ago, those appliances weren’t available. Peppers were. Their capsaicin and other chemicals, it turns out, can slow or stop microbial growth.
____19____ However, a person can’t simply eat hot, spicy food and expect to lose pounds. A drug is being created to make the body burn through fat more quickly than usual. A primary ingredient: Capsaicin. A study showed that mice that ate a high-fat diet containing capsaicin did not gain extra weight. ____20____
A. Peppers also may help people lose weight.
B. These will make the skin redden and sweat.
C. Some people use this weapon for self-defense.
D. Peppers do much more than burn people’s mouths.
E. But a group of mice that ate only the high-fat diet became obese.
F. That’s why most people today rely on refrigerators to keep their food fresh.
G. Next time you see a pepper on a plate, take a deep breath, and then take a bite.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了辣椒的用途。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Called capsaicin (辣椒素), it’s the main ingredient in pepper spray.(它被称为辣椒素，是辣椒喷雾的主要成分。)”可知，空处承接上文，指出辣椒喷雾的用处，C项中的“this weapon”指代上文中的“pepper spay”。C项：Some people use this weapon for self-defense.(有些人用这种武器自卫。)符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Capsaicin triggers a rush of stress hormones.(辣椒素会引发应激激素激增。)”可知，上文提到辣椒素会触发应激激素的释放，而选项B中的“make the skin redden and sweat”是应激反应的一种表现，与前文相呼应。B项：These will make the skin redden and sweat.(这些会使皮肤变红、出汗。)符合语境。故选B。
18题详解】
根据上文“The cold temperature inside a refrigerator stops most microbes from growing.(冰箱里的低温阻止了大多数微生物的生长。)”可知，上文提到冰箱内的低温可以阻止大多数微生物的生长，空处承接上文，说明这是人们使用冰箱保持食物新鲜的原因。F项：That’s why most people today rely on refrigerators to keep their food fresh.(这就是为什么今天大多数人依靠冰箱来保持食物新鲜的原因。)符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据下文“However, a person can’t simply eat hot, spicy food and expect to lose pounds.(然而，一个人不能只吃辛辣的食物就指望减肥。)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明辣椒有助于减肥。A项：Peppers also may help people lose weight.(辣椒也可以帮助人们减肥。)符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“A study showed that mice that ate a high-fat diet containing capsaicin did not gain extra weight.(一项研究表明，食用含有辣椒素的高脂肪食物的老鼠并没有增加额外的体重。)”可知，上文提到了吃含有辣椒素的高脂肪饮食的老鼠没有增加额外的体重，E项：But a group of mice that ate only the high-fat diet became obese.(但是一组只吃高脂肪食物的老鼠变得肥胖了。)说明了只吃高脂肪饮食的一组老鼠变得肥胖，形成了对比，进一步强调了辣椒素对于减肥的作用。E项中的“ate only the high-fat diet”和上文中的“ate a high-fat diet”对应。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共五节，满分55分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building.
As a crane (吊车) ____21____ working on a construction site, Edwards ____22____ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ____23____ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowering a cage to him to let him ____24____.
However, his attempt to ____25____ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each gust (阵) of wind threatened to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. ____26____ the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ____27____ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ____28____ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ____29____ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hovered (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the _____30_____. With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage.
Eventually, Edwards watched the cage _____31_____ the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd _____32_____ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill _____33_____ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong _____34_____ had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster.
A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him—with organizers _____35_____ people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts.
21. A. engineer B. salesman C. operator D. cleaner
22. A. regularly B. unexpectedly C. intentionally D. unfortunately
23. A. helped B. spotted C. realized D. guided
24. A. slide B. hide C. walk D. escape
25. A. clean B. cover C. position D. open
26. A. In spite of B. In favour of C. In defense of D. In charge of
27. A. maintain B. switch C. lose D. give
28. A. promises B. instructions C. explanations D. courses
29. A. quickened B. described C. adjusted D. repeated
30. A. door B. garden C. crane D. roof
31. A. persuading B. warning C. lifting D. dragging
32. A. went through B. broke into C. asked for D. put on
33. A. displayed B. admired C. exchanged D. required
34. A. preference B. response C. emotion D. determination
35. A. choosing B. teaching C. ordering D. encouraging
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了吊车操作员Glen Edwards凭借自己的敏捷思维和坚定决心将一名建筑工人从着火的楼上救了出来，他成了一名英雄。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的吊车操作员，当火灾发生时，Edwards意外地发现自己处于一场救生任务中。A. engineer工程师；B. salesman售货员；C. operator操作人员；D. cleaner清洁工。根据下文中的“his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱)”可知，他是一名吊车操作员，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. regularly有规律地；B. unexpectedly意外地；C. intentionally故意地；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据句中的“when a fire broke out”可知，火灾是突发情况，所以他意外进行了一场救生任务。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆说，他是如何从吊车的驾驶舱里看到那个被困工人的，以及他是如何想出办法——通过把笼子放低到他身边让他逃跑——来救他的。A. helped帮助；B. spotted看见，发现；C. realized意识到；D. guided指导。根据空后的“the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱)”并结合上文中的“a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building”可知，这名受困的工人位于16层高的楼顶，Edwards从自己的驾驶舱里发现他困在上面了。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. slide（使）滑行；B. hide隐藏；C. walk走路；D. escape逃跑，逃出。根据下文中的“the cage ____11____the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety”并结合语境可知，Edwards放低笼子到这个受困工人身边，好让他从着火的大楼里逃生。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他试图在这名男子面前放置笼子，这绝非易事，因为每一阵风都有可能使他的吊车失去平衡。A. clean打扫；B. cover覆盖；C. position安装，安置；D. open打开。根据上文中的“lowering a cage to him”可知，Edwards想要操作吊车把笼子放在这名受困工人面前。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大挑战，Edwards仍拒绝放弃，并努力保持控制。A. In spite of尽管；B. In favour of支持；C. In defense of保护；D. In charge of掌管，负责。根据“the great challenges”和“Edwards refused to give up and fought to ____7____control”可知，前后之间是让步关系，这里指的是尽管Edwards面临巨大挑战，但他没有放弃。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. maintain维持，保持；B. switch（使）改变，转变；C. lose失去；D. give给。根据句中的“refused to give up”可知，Edwards坚持不放弃，努力保持对吊车的控制。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，地上有人通过无线电指示笼子降落在哪里。A. promises承诺；B. instructions指示；C. explanations解释；D. courses课程。根据空后的“on where to land the cage”可知，这里指关于应该把笼子落在哪里的指示。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一英寸一英寸地调整吊车的动作，直到笼子在离屋顶边缘几英寸的地方盘旋。A. quickened（使）加快；B. described描述；C. adjusted调整；D. repeated重复。根据空后的“the crane’s movements, inch by inch”可知，Edwards根据指示，一点一点地调整吊车的动作。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. door门；B. garden花园；C. crane吊车；D. roof屋顶。根据上文中的“a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building”可知，这名工人被困在楼顶，所以Edwards应该是把笼子调到屋顶边，好让这名工人顺利进入。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，Edwards看着笼子把这名男子从下面可怕的大火中吊了出来，并把他降到了安全的地方。A. persuading说服；B. warning警告；C. lifting提起，吊起；D. dragging拖。根据空后的“the man away from the horrible fire below”并结合常识可知，受困工人进入笼子后，吊车把笼子从楼顶处吊了下来。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：人群爆发出热烈的掌声，向Edwards表现出的勇气和技巧致敬。A. went through通过，检查；B. broke into突然开始（笑、唱等）；C. asked for请求；D. put on穿上，戴上。根据空后的“a big round of applause”可知，人群爆发出热烈的掌声。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. displayed展示，显露；B. admired羡慕；C. exchanged交换；D. required要求。根据空前的“the courage and skill”可知，这里指Edwards表现出的勇气和技巧。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道，面对灾难，他敏捷的思维和坚定的决心造成生与死的区别。A. preference偏爱；B. response反应；C. emotion情绪；D. determination决心。根据“quick thinking”和空前的“strong”可知，这里指的是敏捷的思维和坚定的决心。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在已经建立了一个GoFundMe页面为他筹集资金，组织者鼓励人们为Glen的救命努力“给Glen买杯啤酒”。A. choosing选择；B. teaching教；C. ordering命令；D. encouraging鼓励。根据空后的“people to ‘buy Glen a beer’ for his life-saving efforts”可知，这场筹集资金活动的组织者想要鼓励人们捐款，为Glen买杯啤酒。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Canada we have Chinese restaurants, most of ____36____ are very good. And when in China I had many chances ____37____ (eat) in a lot of different restaurants. It has been long ____38____ I left China, but what I still miss is the Chinese cuisine.
My favourite street food there is Jianbing. It is made on a round pan where some liquid batter (面糊) is poured, which is thinly spread by a ____39____ (wood) tool like a knife. The batter immediately ____40____ (form) a circle about twenty centimeters across. An egg will be spread over its back with onion pieces and different sorts of spicy ____41____ (ingredient), and then a thin crisp cake is placed on the top. With the cooked batter skin folded over the cake, ____42____ whole thing is folded in half.
Then I can take it anywhere to eat after it ____43____ (wrap) in a paper cover. ____44____ simple cooking equipment, it is always tasty and I feel at home with food from China. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural _____45_____ (combine) of Chinese Jianbing and a glass of milk with maple syrup.
【答案】36. which
37. to eat 38. since
39. wooden 40. forms
41. ingredients
42. the 43. is wrapped
44. Despite
bination
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了作者在加拿大最喜爱的中国美食。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在加拿大，我们有中餐馆，大多数都不错。“most of ____1____are very good”是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的Chinese restaurants，指物，且空处在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国的时候，我有很多机会在很多不同的餐馆吃饭。chance to do...意为“做……的机会”，不定式作后置定语。故填to eat。
【38题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：我离开中国已经很久了，但我仍然怀念中国的美食。“It has been+一段时间+since...”为固定句型，意为“自……以来已经多长时间了”，since引导时间状语从句。故填since。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它是在一个圆锅上做的，在锅上倒一些液体面糊，用一把像刀一样的木制工具把面糊薄薄地铺开。空处作定语修饰tool，应用形容词。wooden意为“木制的，木头的”。故填wooden。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：面糊立即形成一个直径约20厘米的圆圈。根据句意和上下文时态可知，这里陈述的是煎饼的制作过程，属于一般事实，应用一般现在时。主语为The batter，谓语应用单数形式。故填forms。
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：鸡蛋的背面会铺上洋葱块和各种各样的辣料，然后在上面放一个薄脆饼。ingredient意为“材料”，为可数名词，前面有“different sorts of”修饰，这里应用名词复数。故填ingredients。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：把烹熟的面糊皮裹着薄脆饼折起来，整个东西对折。根据空后的“whole thing”可知，这里特指煎饼的全部，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【43题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然后我可以把它包在纸套里带到任何地方吃。这里陈述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。主语it（指代煎饼）和wrap之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且be动词应用is。故填is wrapped。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管烹饪设备很简单，但它总是很美味，我对来自中国的食物感到宾至如归。根据“simple cooking equipment”和“it is always tasty and I feel at home with food from China”可知，前后之间是让步关系，这里指的是尽管烹饪设备简单，但食物很美味，让作者宾至如归。故填Despite。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：对我来说，没有什么比中国煎饼和一杯加枫糖浆的牛奶的跨文化组合更好的了。根据空前的“cross-cultural”可知，这里应用名词，combination意为“结合体”，为可数名词，前面有a修饰，应用名词单数。故填combination。
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子，有两个单词为多余词。
dramatic bitter enhance emphasis expand compose consume
46. It’s high time that we __________ the improvement of food safety.
47. In spite of delicate economy the company is confident of further __________.
48. The __________ of the group that is studied depends on the interest of the researcher.
49. Realizing the girl was critically injured, he was __________ with guilt after accident.
50. In fact, the landscape is __________ different from that of just a decade ago.
【答案】46. emphasized##should emphasize
47. expansion
position
49. consumed
50. dramatically
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：该是我们强调提高食品安全的时候了。由“the improvement of food safety”可知，句子表示“该是我们强调提高食品安全的时候了”，空格处意为“强调”，It’s high time that sb. did/should do sth.是固定句型，意为“是某人该做某事的时候了”，空格处用动词过去式或should do，“强调”emphasis的动词形式是emphasize，过去式是emphasized，因此空格处是emphasized/should emphasize。故填emphasized/should emphasize。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管经济形势脆弱，该公司仍有信心进一步扩张。由“In spite of delicate economy, the company is confident of further”可知，句子表示“尽管经济形势脆弱，该公司仍有信心进一步扩张”，空格处意为“扩张”，further是形容词，修饰名词，“扩张”expand的名词形式是expansion，是不可数名词，故填expansion。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：被研究群体的组成取决于研究者的兴趣。由“of the group”和“depends on the interest of the researcher”可知，句子表示“被研究群体的组成取决于研究者的兴趣”，空格处意为“组成”，由The和of可知，空格处用名词，“组成”compose的名词形式是composition，故填composition。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：意识到女孩伤势严重后，他在事故发生后深感内疚。由“with guilt after accident”可知，句子表示“意识到女孩伤势严重后，他在事故发生后深感内疚”，“was____with”意为“为……而不断受折磨”，使用固定短语be consumed with，因此空格处是consumed。故填consumed。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：事实上，现在的情况与十年前截然不同。由“different from that of just a decade ago”可知，句子表示“现在的情况与十年前截然不同”，空格处意为“明显地”，用副词修饰形容词different，“明显地”dramatic的副词形式是dramatically，故填dramatically。
第四节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
51. They’ve all been arranged __________ (appropriate) as purchasing staff, waiters, cooks and even managers of the restaurant. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】appropriately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们都被合理地安排成了采购人员、服务员、厨师甚至是餐厅经理。此处修饰动词arrange，故应用副词“appropriately合理地，恰当地”作状语，故填appropriately。
52. The emphasis is rather __________ conversation about business, family or pleasure. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】on
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：重点是关于生意、家庭或者娱乐的谈话。根据前文的emphasis可知，此处指“重点在......上”，故应用介词on，故填on。
53. It is essential that the diet __________ (vary) and balanced. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】should be varied##be varied
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：饮食多样化和均衡是很重要的。It is essential that...为固定句型，意为“……是至关重要的”，that引导的主语从句中使用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词使用(should) do；the diet和vary为被动关系，需用被动语态，位于情态动词后面使用动词原形。故填should be varied/be varied。
54. The electric car company says sales will take __________ once supply increases. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】off
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：电车公司说，一旦供应增加，销量也将快速增长。根据句意可知，此处意为“快速增长，起飞”，故应用短语take off，故填off。
55. Yancheng, a beautiful coastal city, is a place to open your heart with pleasant __________ (surround). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】surroundings
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：盐城是一座美丽的海滨城市，环境宜人，是一个敞开心扉的地方。空处需填名词surroundings (环境)，作介词with的宾语。故填surroundings。
56. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work. (适当形式填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该公司的老板试图创造轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以从中享受到工作的乐趣。此处为定语从句修饰先行词an easy atmosphere，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故要用where。故填where。
57. They are believed __________(start) off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen to keep warm. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to have started
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：它们被认为始于清朝晚期，是船工取暖的一种方式。根据空前的“are believed”为被动结构可推知，这里应是“be believed to do”结构，为固定用法，意为“被认为做某事”。同时结合时间“in the late Qing Dynasty”可知，所填动作在谓语动词之前发生，应是动词不定式的完成式：to have done。故填to have started。
58. We will talk about a particular type of comfort food ________ power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将讨论一种特殊类型的安慰食品，它的力量主要在于它能唤起人们的记忆。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是 a particular type of comfort food ，空处是引导词，在从句中作定语，表示“它的”，用whose；故填whose。
59. No wonder that the movie attracted so many people, which was an __________ (adapt) from a true story. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】adaptation
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：难怪这部电影吸引了这么多人，这是根据真实故事改编的。分析句子结构可知，空处可使用名词adaptation（改编）在句中作表语。故填adaptation。
【点睛】
60. With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves_________(pay) attention to. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】paying##to be paid
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：随着许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，现状值得关注。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“deserve doing sth.”，意为“值得做某事”，有被动含义，或用“deserve to be done”，“pay”的动名词形式为“paying”，过去分词为“paid”，故空格处可填“paying”或“to be paid”。故填paying/to be paid。
第五节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句意和所给汉语提示，用选择性必修一适当的英文短语完成句子。
61. He________________________(喜欢)classical music. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】has an appetite for
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和固定短语。句意：他喜欢古典音乐。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为固定短语have an appetite for“对……感兴趣，喜欢”，满足句意要求，结合主语he为第三人称单数，为动词的三单形式，根据句意，用一般现在时。故填has an appetite for。
62. Sometimes a few choice words will __________ (奏效). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】do the trick
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：有时几句精辟话就能达到目的。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用短语do the trick“奏效”，且空前为情态动词will，故此处应用动词原形，故填do the trick。
63. When it comes to the art of war, ants __________(无与伦比). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】are without equal
【解析】
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和固定短语。句意：在战争艺术方面，蚂蚁是无与伦比的。根据汉语提示，“无与伦比”用短语“be without equal”表达，be在句中作系动词，结合语境，该句时态为一般现在时，主语“ants”为第三人称复数，be应是用“are”。故填are without equal。
64. She paid for her own education by __________ (自始至终做) college. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】working her way through
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她通过努力完成大学学业来支付自己的教育费用。work one’s way through为固定短语，表示“自始至终做”，结合空前介词by，空处应为动名词，主语为She，故填working her way through。
65. Why don’t you try phoning John one more time, __________ (作为额外增添) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】for good measure
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：另外，你为什么不再给约翰打个电话呢？表示“作为额外增添”应用固定短语for good measure，意为“附加地；除此之外地”做状语。故填for good measure。
66. This is a disgraceful state of affairs and __________ (迫切需要) a thorough investigation. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】cries out for
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这是一种不光彩的情况，迫切需要彻底调查。cry out for意为“迫切需要”，为动词短语。根据前面的is可知，这里陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时。主语为This，谓语应用单数。故填cries out for。
67. The girl the manager had referred to __________ (比……有优势) other competitors in the interview. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】had an edge over
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：经理提到的那个女孩在面试中比其他竞争者有优势。分析句子结构并根据汉语提示可知，空处可使用固定短语have an edge over（比......有优势）在句中作谓语，根据语境可知，该句陈述过去事实，可使用一般过去时。故填had an edge over。
68. The car is still __________ (在保修期内), so you should be able to get it repaired free of charge. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】under guarantee
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这辆车还在保修期内，所以你应该可以免费修理。结合汉语提示，固定短语under guarantee（在保修期内）符合句意。故填under guarantee。
【点睛】
69. A young couple __________ (使分离) by their family finally got married with their parents’ permission. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】torn apart
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这对被家人分开的情侣最终在父母的同意下，结婚了。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用短语“tear...apart”，且此处作定语，修饰a young couple，a young couple与tear之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填torn apart。
70. After the football match, I drank a cup of cola beverages, and it really __________ (正合需要). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】hit the spot
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：足球比赛结束后，我喝了一杯可乐饮料，真的很合我的胃口。表示“正合需要”应用短语hit the spot，意为“恰到好处；正中下怀；击中要害；合口味”本句为一般过去时。空处需使用其过去式。故填hit the spot。
【点睛】
第四部分 写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter说喜欢中国的美食，尤其想品尝中国的火锅，请你给他写一封回信介绍一下中国的火锅这一传统饮食。内容包括：
1. 深受欢迎；
2. 如何制作；
3. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
Learning that you are keen on Chinese cuisine, especially Chinese hotpot, I am more than happy to introduce it to you.
Hotpot is well received with Chinese people, especially in winter. Whenever you come to China, you can find people eating hotpots everywhere. It is very convenient for people to make a hotpot. Usually a metal pot is fixed in the middle of the table. When the soup in the pot is boiling, dishes such as meat fish and vegetables, are put into the pot. After a while, you can enjoy the delicious dishes.
I sincerely invite you to come to taste Chinese hotpot.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给Peter写一封信，向他介绍火锅这一中国美食，内容包括：深受欢迎；如何制作；发出邀请。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
喜欢：be keen on→be fond of
非常：more than→extremely
尤其：especially→in particular
美味的：delicious→tasty
2. 句式拓展
简单句改复合句
原句：It is very convenient for people to make a hotpot.
拓展句：It is very convenient that people make a hotpot.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that you are keen on Chinese cuisine, especially Chinese hotpot, I am more than happy to introduce it to you.(使用了现在分词作状语、that引导宾语从句、不定式作原因状语)
【高分句型2】Whenever you come to China, you can find people eating hotpots everywhere. (使用了Whenever引导让步状语从句、“find+宾语+宾补”结构)
听力答案：1-5 CABAC 6-10 BAABB 11-15 CCBAC 16-20 BABCC盐城中学高一年级春学期第二次阶段性质量检测（2024. 5. 23）
英语试题
试卷说明：本场考试时间120分钟，总分150分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does Paul come to the woman’s house this morning
A. To attend a party. B. To show gratitude. C. To look for his phone.
2. How does Felix feel now
A. Regretful. B. Encouraged. C. Sympathetic.
3. What does the woman offer to do for the man
A. Practice French with him.
B. Find him a study partner.
C. Introduce him to a foreigner.
4. What is the man going to do this Friday
A. Go on a picnic. B. Stay at home. C. Attend a meeting.
5. What caused the power failure
A. Delaying paying the bill. B. Using lots of appliances. C. Repairing the roads.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What might the woman be
A. A writer. B. A bookseller. C. A publisher.
7. What does the man mean in the end
A. He can find the book himself.
B. He knows the book very well.
C. He doesn’t like adventure novels.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where probably are the speakers
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a pet store.
9. What is the man’s attitude toward cyber cat petting
A. Critical. B. Understanding. C. Careless.
10. What do Japanese researchers say about looking at pictures of cats
A. It can case people’s stress.
B. It helps people work better.
C. It can improve the family relationship.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did Vicky do to improve her Chinese
A. She traveled to China.
B. She had classes with her mother.
C. She learned from a tutor online.
12. How much has Vicky paid to improve her Chinese so far
A. $600. B. $700. C. $800.
13. How does Vicky sound in the end
A. Anxious. B. Grateful. C. Surprised.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Classmates. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student.
15. What do we know about big talk
A. It’s always related to small things.
B. It’s about talking proudly about personal abilities.
C. It’s conversation about important issues.
16. Why did Kalina Silverman skip small talk
A. She thought small talk is unnecessary.
B. She was eager to connect with others.
C. She wanted to make a fantastic video.
17. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Some phrases. B. School life. C. A meaningful question.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the Missing Post Office do
A. Deliver letters quickly.
B. Receive unaddressed letters.
C. Publish mailed letters.
19 Where did the artist’s inspiration come from
A. An art festival. B. A postman. C. Floating items.
20. What can visitors do in the Missing Post Office
A. Help organize the letters.
B. Buy the postcards they’re interested in.
C. Leave their own letters behind.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Jitterbug Flip2. Our easiest Jitterbug phone ever.
The Jitterbug Flip2 from the makers of the original easy-to-use cell phone, has big buttons and a Urgent Response button on the keypad.
EASY TO USE Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial (拨号) and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Jitterbug Flip2. A large screen, big buttons, and one-touch speed dialing make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation will be loud and clear.
EASY TO ENJOY Wherever you go, a built-in camera makes it easy and fun for you to film and share your favorite memories. Plus, the flashlight and built-in magnifier (放大镜) help you see in dark areas.
EASY TO BE PREPARED Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, judge your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7.
The Jitterbug Flip2 is one of the most affordable cell phones on the market and comes with reliable nationwide coverage. With no long-term contracts or cancellation fees, you can switch plans anytime.
1. How can you get help with Jitterbug Flip2 in face of danger
A By monitoring around the clock. B. By checking your present location.
C. By judging your future uncertainty. D. By pressing a button and speaking.
2. Who may favor Jitterbug Flip2 most
A. The students. B. The elderly.
C. The disabled. D. The leaders.
3. What is one of the features of the plans of Jitterbug Flip2
A. Zero hidden monthly fees. B. Not many long-term contracts.
C. Most reliable international coverage. D. Mainly U. S. -based customer service.
B
18 years ago, a 14-year-old boy from Kasungu district in Malawi was forced to drop out of school for lack of fees. At the same time, a severe famine was destroying his village, claiming people’s lives and leaving desperation in its wake.
This was a situation to break the strongest of minds but William Kamkwamba did not give up. Young as he was, he knew that education was where his future lay. He found hope in the library and feasted on the knowledge that he harvested from its books. It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways.
Armed with determination and an iron will, the teenager set out to build a windmill out of random materials from a scrapyard (垃圾场). Though his outside world was collapsing to dust, the youngster did not hesitate about his purpose. He defended himself from all doubt and criticism. He worked tirelessly until his dream of bringing electricity to his village became reality. Soon, he was caught in the center of media attention that took him to new places that he would never have stepped on without his invention.
In his village, the dust has not settled yet and the winds of change continue to blow across the land. Windmills pump water to irrigate crops, sweeping away another period of hunger. William’s former primary school boasts new and stronger buildings, thanks to the help of well-wishers and the villagers’ united efforts.
What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College.
4. What inspired William to bring electricity to his village
A. His realization of the impact of electricity. B. His awareness of the role of education.
C. The science textbook entitled Using Energy. D. The severe famine destroying his village.
5. What can we learn from paragraph 3
A. All people didn’t support William’s dream at first.
B. The public had little interest in William’s invention.
C. The invention enabled William to make a big fortune.
D. The windmill is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.
6. What does the underlined words “set in stone”in the last paragraph mean
A. Visible. B. Avoidable. C. Unchangeable. D. Unpredictable.
7. What message does the author want to convey in this story
A. Knowledge feasts mind and education promises wealth.
B. Necessity inspires invention and hardship makes heroes.
C. Criticism promotes success and doubt facilitates creation.
D. Adversity motivates inspiration and support pushes solutions.
C
Scientists have found a way to decode (解码) a stream of words in the brain using MRI scans and artificial intelligence. The system reconstructs the main point of what a person hears or imagines, rather than trying to copy each word, a team reports. “It’s getting at the ideas behind the words, the meaning, says Alexander Huth, an author of the study.
Previous efforts to decode language have relied on sensors placed directly on the surface of the brain. The sensors detect signals in areas involved in expressing words. But the Texas team’s approach is an attempt to “decode more freeform thought,” says Marcel Just, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University.
The new study came about as part of an effort to understand how the brain processes language. Researchers had three people spend up to 16 hours each in a functional MRI scanner, which detects signs of activity across the brain. Participants wore headphones that streamed audio from the Internet. Those streams of words produced activity all over the brain, not just in areas associated with speech and language. After participants listened to hours of stories in the scanner, the MRI data was sent to a computer. It learned to match specific patterns of brain activity with certain streams of words. Then came a paraphrased version of what a participant heard.
The MRI approach is currently slower and less accurate than an experimental communication system being developed for paralyzed people, where people get a sheet of electrical sensors implanted directly on the surface of the brain. With an MRI-based system, no one has to get surgery.
But future versions of MRI scans could raise moral questions. “What if you can read out the word that somebody is just thinking in their head That’s potentially a harmful thing.” Huth says. This technology can’t really read minds uncontrollably, though. It only works when a participant is actively cooperating with scientists. Still, systems that decode language could someday support people who are unable to speak because of a brain injury or disease. They are also assisting scientists in understanding how the brain processes words and thoughts.
8. What is special about the Texas team’s study
A. Brain can be reconstructed. B. Sensor signals can be improved.
C. Expression can be perfected. D. Meanings can be comprehended.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The way of speech decoding. B. Steps of word matching.
C. The process of an experiment. D. Patterns of brain activity.
10. What can be implied about MRI scans from the last paragraph
A. They are a double-edged sword. B. They are potentially harmful to life.
C. They are well worth researching. D. They are helpful to treat brain disease.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Decoder That Can Convey Meaning B. A Decoder That Can Read Your Mind
C. MRI Scanner: Still a Long Way to Go D. MRI Scanner: Bridge Message Gap
D
An increase in a country’s working-age population is a blessing. Lots of workers support relatively few children and retired people. So long as the labor market can absorb an increasing number of job-seekers, output per head will rise. That can boost savings and investment, leading to higher economic growth, more productivity gains and developmental speed-up. Yet for countries that fail to seize this opportunity, the results can be tough.
Consider Thailand. It is rapidly aging. In 2021, the share of Thais aged 65 or over hit 14%, a figure that is often used to define an aged society Soon Thailand will, like Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, see a decreasing supply of workers and flagging productivity and growth without extraordinary measures. Yet unlike Japan and the rest. Thailand is not a developed country. It has got old before it has got rich.
This is a big barrier to Thailand’s future development. To protect its aging citizens, many of whom are poor, Thailand’s government will have to spend more on health care and pensions (养老金). This will make it harder to invest in productivity-boosting skills and infrastructure (基础设施). And where Thailand goes, many developing countries will follow.
One conclusion is that countries with a working-age burst need seeking more economic growth out of it. India may never have a better chance than the present. It is widely accepted that privatization and looser foreign-investment rules could raise its growth rate.
Another conclusion is that developing countries need to start planning for old age earlier. They should reform their pension systems, including by raising retirement ages. They should encourage financial markets, providing options for long-term saving and health insurance. And they should try harder to increase female participation in the labor force. Getting more women into jobs would help deal with the fact that women live longer than men, but tend to have less savings and pensions, leaving them in difficult situations in old age.
12. What does “opportunity” in the first paragraph refer to
A. Providing more jobs for working-age laborers.
B. Reducing support for children and the elderly.
C. Encouraging investment for economic growth.
D. Increasing economic output and labor productivity.
13. Why is aging considered a barrier to Thailand’s future development
A. It causes a shortage of young workers.
B. It forces the country to invest in infrastructure.
C. It leads to less investment in economic development.
D. It increases the burden on the working-age population.
14. Why is it important for developing countries to involve more women in labor force
A. To extend women’s retirement ages.
B. To encourage women to be included in health insurance.
C. To equalize the number of men and women in the workplace.
D To settle the conflict between women’s long lifespan and small pension.
15. What is the best title of the passage
A. Aging Problems in Developing Countries.
B. Planning Ahead for Aging Societies.
C. Challenges and Opportunities of Aging Societies.
D. The Role of Female Labors in Addressing the Aging Issue.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Scientists have discovered many uses for peppers. Called capsaicin (辣椒素), it’s the main ingredient in pepper spray. ____16____ In smaller quantities, capsaicin can relieve pain, help with weight loss and possibly affect microbes in the gut (肠道) to keep people healthier. Now how cool is that
Capsaicin triggers a rush of stress hormones. ____17____ It can also make someone feel energized. Some people enjoy this feeling. But there is another reason why peppers show up on dinner plates around the world. When food sits out in warm weather, microbes on the food start to multiply. If people eat food with too many of these germs, they risk getting very sick. The cold temperature inside a refrigerator stops most microbes from growing. ____18____ But long ago, those appliances weren’t available. Peppers were. Their capsaicin and other chemicals, it turns out, can slow or stop microbial growth.
____19____ However, a person can’t simply eat hot, spicy food and expect to lose pounds. A drug is being created to make the body burn through fat more quickly than usual. A primary ingredient: Capsaicin. A study showed that mice that ate a high-fat diet containing capsaicin did not gain extra weight. ____20____
A. Peppers also may help people lose weight.
B. These will make the skin redden and sweat.
C. Some people use this weapon for self-defense.
D. Peppers do much more than burn people’s mouths.
E. But a group of mice that ate only the high-fat diet became obese.
F. That’s why most people today rely on refrigerators to keep their food fresh.
G. Next time you see a pepper on a plate, take a deep breath, and then take a bite.
第三部分 语言运用（共五节，满分55分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building.
As a crane (吊车) ____21____ working on a construction site, Edwards ____22____ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ____23____ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin (驾驶舱), and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowering a cage to him to let him ____24____.
However, his attempt to ____25____ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each gust (阵) of wind threatened to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. ____26____ the great challenges, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ____27____ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ____28____ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ____29____ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hovered (盘旋) just inches from the edge of the _____30_____. With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage.
Eventually, Edwards watched the cage _____31_____ the man away from the horrible fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd _____32_____ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill _____33_____ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong _____34_____ had made all the difference between life and death in the face of disaster.
A GoFundMe page has now been set up to raise money for him—with organizers _____35_____ people to “buy Glen a beer” for his life-saving efforts.
21. A. engineer B. salesman C. operator D. cleaner
22. A. regularly B. unexpectedly C. intentionally D. unfortunately
23 A. helped B. spotted C. realized D. guided
24. A. slide B. hide C. walk D. escape
25. A. clean B. cover C. position D. open
26. A. In spite of B. In favour of C. In defense of D. In charge of
27. A. maintain B. switch C. lose D. give
28. A. promises B. instructions C. explanations D. courses
29. A. quickened B. described C. adjusted D. repeated
30. A. door B. garden C. crane D. roof
31. A. persuading B. warning C. lifting D. dragging
32. A. went through B. broke into C. asked for D. put on
33. A. displayed B. admired C. exchanged D. required
34. A. preference B. response C. emotion D. determination
35. A. choosing B. teaching C. ordering D. encouraging
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Canada we have Chinese restaurants, most of ____36____ are very good. And when in China I had many chances ____37____ (eat) in a lot of different restaurants. It has been long ____38____ I left China, but what I still miss is the Chinese cuisine.
My favourite street food there is Jianbing. It is made on a round pan where some liquid batter (面糊) is poured, which is thinly spread by a ____39____ (wood) tool like a knife. The batter immediately ____40____ (form) a circle about twenty centimeters across. An egg will be spread over its back with onion pieces and different sorts of spicy ____41____ (ingredient), and then a thin crisp cake is placed on the top. With the cooked batter skin folded over the cake, ____42____ whole thing is folded in half.
Then I can take it anywhere to eat after it ____43____ (wrap) in a paper cover. ____44____ simple cooking equipment, it is always tasty and I feel at home with food from China. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural _____45_____ (combine) of Chinese Jianbing and a glass of milk with maple syrup.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子，有两个单词为多余词。
dramatic bitter enhance emphasis expand compose consume
46. It’s high time that we __________ the improvement of food safety.
47. In spite of delicate economy, the company is confident of further __________.
48. The __________ of the group that is studied depends on the interest of the researcher.
49. Realizing the girl was critically injured, he was __________ with guilt after accident.
50. In fact, the landscape is __________ different from that of just a decade ago.
第四节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
51. They’ve all been arranged __________ (appropriate) as purchasing staff, waiters, cooks and even managers of the restaurant. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. The emphasis is rather __________ conversation about business, family or pleasure. (用适当的词填空)
53. It is essential that the diet __________ (vary) and balanced. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. The electric car company says sales will take __________ once supply increases. (用适当的词填空)
55. Yancheng, a beautiful coastal city, is a place to open your heart with pleasant __________ (surround). (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work. (适当形式填空)
57. They are believed __________(start) off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen to keep warm. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. We will talk about a particular type of comfort food ________ power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. （用适当的词填空）
59. No wonder that the movie attracted so many people, which was an __________ (adapt) from a true story. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves_________(pay) attention to. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第五节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句意和所给汉语提示，用选择性必修一适当的英文短语完成句子。
61. He________________________(喜欢)classical music. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
62. Sometimes a few choice words will __________ (奏效). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
63. When it comes to the art of war, ants __________(无与伦比). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
64. She paid for her own education by __________ (自始至终做) college. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
65. Why don’t you try phoning John one more time, __________ (作为额外增添) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
66. This is a disgraceful state of affairs and __________ (迫切需要) a thorough investigation. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
67. The girl the manager had referred to __________ (比……有优势) other competitors in the interview. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
68. The car is still __________ (在保修期内), so you should be able to get it repaired free of charge. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
69. A young couple __________ (使分离) by their family finally got married with their parents’ permission. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
70. After the football match, I drank a cup of cola beverages, and it really __________ (正合需要). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
第四部分 写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter说喜欢中国的美食，尤其想品尝中国的火锅，请你给他写一封回信介绍一下中国的火锅这一传统饮食。内容包括：
1. 深受欢迎；
2. 如何制作；
3. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
听力答案：1-5 CABAC 6-10 BAABB 11-15 CCBAC 16-20 BABCC
