2023-2024 学年度第二学期阶段练习
高一英语
（本试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在 试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。
1. Who keeps the pen now
A. Louise. B. Julie. C. Mark.
2. When do the speakers usually play tennis
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday C. On Friday.
3. How does the woman probably feel
A. Frightened. B. Relaxed. C. Amused.
4. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Order a taxi. B. Take a different train. C. Reschedule the interview.
5. How many times did the woman call the man
A. Five. B. Four. C. Three.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is the main idea of the conversation
A. Recalling a meeting. B. Discussing a show. C. Mistaking identity.
7. How does the man know of the woman
A. From TV. B. From a party. C. From school.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the woman dislike
A. Cheese. B. Yogurt. C. Cream.
9. What does the man suggest
A. Paying the bill. B. Trying some ice cream. C. Going somewhere else.
10. Where are the speakers
A. At home. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
11. Which book has the boy lost
A. An English book. B. A history book. C. A science book.
12. Why might the boy's brother have taken the book
A. He is interested in it. B. He is learning the subject. C He is using it for an exam.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Roommates. C. Mother and son.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is the woman doing
A. Chairing a meeting. B. Hosting a TV program. C. Giving a lecture.
15. What is the man cooking
A. A pie. B. A steak. C. Vegetable soup.
16. What's the woman's eating habit
A. She eats anything.
B. She does not eat any meat.
C. She does not eat certain meats.
17. What color will the food be when ready
A. Red. B. Black. C. Golden brown.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What does the speaker have in common with the listeners
A. They work in similar fields.
B. They share a similar dream.
C. They attended the same school.
19. What will the speaker do to help the listeners
A. Invent new products.
B. Offer job opportunities.
C. Start book-selling websites.
20. What is the purpose of the speech
A. To introduce himself.
B. To motivate new university graduates.
C. To offer inspiration to new employees.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分 50 分）
第一节 单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
A
People with fixed mindsets believe that: ●Skill, intelligence and talents are natural. ●Failure is shameful and should be avoided. ●Some people are naturally good at things while others not. ●You are not in control of your abilities. People with growth mindsets believe that: ●You have the capacity to learn and grow your skills. ●Failure is a valuable lesson. ●People who are good at something are good because they build that ability. ●You are in control of your abilities.
have a desire to look smart, so tend to: —Avoid challenges. —Give up easily. —See effort as fruitless or worse. —Ignore useful negative feedback. —Feel threatened by the success of others have a desire to learn, so tend to: —Embrace challenges. —Persist in the face of setbacks. —See effort as the path to mastery. —Learn from criticism. —Find lessons and inspiration in the success of others.
As a result, they may stay at the same level early and achieve less than their full potential. As a result, they reach ever-higher levels of achievement.
Change can be tough, but I’ve never heard anyone say it wasn’t worth it. Did changing to a growth mindset solve all my problems No. But I know that I have a different life because of it—a richer one.
1 The book “mindset” is intended to ________.
A. tell readers that two different mindsets lead to different results
B. illustrate that people with different mindsets hold different beliefs
C. help readers believe people act differently when facing challenges
D. persuade people to learn to change so as to enjoy a more fruitful life
2. Generally speaking, people with fixed mindsets are mostly ________.
A. successful B. straightforward
C. intelligent D. narrow-minded
3. A person with a growth mindset is likely to say ________.
A. “If I win, I’ll be somebody; if I lose, I’ll be nobody.”
B. “To be good at sports, you need to be naturally gifted.”
C. “Learn techniques and skills and practice them regularly, and you will always improve.”
D. “You have a certain level of ability in sports and you cannot really do much to change it.”
B
The year 2023 marks the 102th anniversary of Noether’s ring theory, a branch of theoretical mathematics that is still fascinating and challenging numerous mathematicians today.
Neother was born in 1882 in Germany, whose father was a math professor, but it must have seemed unlikely to a young Neother that she would follow in his footsteps because women were banned from academia and few took classes at universities. After Neother graduated from a high school for girls, Erlangen University started to let women enroll. She signed up and earned her doctorate in mathematics, which should have been the end of her mathematical journey. Teaching at a university for women was still out of the question. But Neother stuck with mathematics anyway, staying in Erlangen and unofficially guiding doctoral students without pay.
In 1915, she applied for a position at the University of Gottingen. Bill Nicholl, the dean at the university, also a mathematician, was in favor of hiring Neother, although his argument was far from feminist (女权主义). “The female brain is unsuitable for mathematical production,” he wrote, “but Neother stood out as one of the rare exceptions.”
Unfortunately for Neother,the Ministry of Education would not give the university permission to have a woman as their teacher. Neother stayed in Gottingen and taught courses listed under the name of a male faculty teacher. During those years, she kept doing research and made important contributions to theoretical physics and Einstein’s theory of relativity. The university finally granted her lecturer status. Two years later, Neother published revolutionary discoveries in ring theory, which is the study of mathematical objects called rings. Neotherian rings show up all the time in modern mathematics. Mathematicians still use Neother’s map today,not just in ring theory,but in other area such as number theory and algebraic geometry.
4. What do we learn about Neother from paragraph 2
A. She taught at university as a teacher. B. She earned a degree in mathematics.
C. She was taught by her father at home D. She quit her mathematical journey early.
5. What can we infer from Bill Nicholl’s words
A. He was struggling for feminist. B. Females’brains differed from males’.
C. Neother was a giant in mathematics. D. Women mathematicians were superb.
6. What do we know about Noether’s ring theory
A. It is still used by mathematicians today.
B. It opens up a new field in modern physics.
C. It is based on Einstein’s theory of relativity.
D. It lays the foundation for modern mathematics.
7. Which of the following can best describe Noether
A. Gifted and generous. B. Sensitive and determined.
C. Committed and creative. D. Hardworking and honest.
C
For want of a chip, the factory was lost. On May 18th Toyota became the latest carmaker forced to cut production in a global shortage of microchips, announcing it would stop work at two of its plants in Japan. Other car makers have also had to send workers home.
The pain is not limited to the car industry, for the shortage spans all sorts of chips, from the expensive, high-tech devices that power smartphones and data-centers to the simple sensors and micro-controllers that have become a vital commodity (商品). This chip drought is the result of the covid-19 pandemic interacting with an industry that is subject to cycles of boom and bust.
“The most important thing”, says Malcolm Penn, who runs a chip-industry consultancy, “is that shortages are a natural part of the industry.” Chipmaking is a good example of a “pork-cycle” business, named for the regular swings between under- and over-supply in pork markets. As with pigs, the supply of chips cannot quickly react to changes in demand. Capacity was tight even before the pandemic, says Mr Penn, pointing out that investment by chipmakers in factory equipment has been below its long-term average for many years.
The pandemic arrived at the worst possible time. After an early crash, demand in several fields boomed. Locked-down consumers bought laptops and other devices. Cloud-computing operators added servers to deal with the wave of home-workers. The car industry was particularly badly hit by a decision to cut orders early in the pandemic-demand for cars has since recovered. But the complexities of the production process mean it takes time to recover. “I can cancel my orders in an afternoon,” says Mr. Penn. “If I want to start them up again, that takes months--and that capacity is now busy serving other customers.”
But the pork cycle is turning once again. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, the world’s biggest chipmaker, plans to spend $30bn on new capacity this year. Two other giants, have also decided on further investment. That will bring relief to the wider economy, but not immediately. The boss of IBM said he thought the shortages might last for two years. And, says Mr Penn, when the drought eventually ends, chipmakers may find they face a familiar problem on a bigger scale: a capacity investment in response to serious shortages today could well mean a sizeable surplus (过剩) tomorrow.
8. How does the author illustrate the cyclical nature of chipmaking in paragraph 3
A. By referring to a quotation. B. By making a comparison.
C. By drawing a conclusion. D. By presenting an argument.
9. What may the investment mentioned in paragraph 5 eventually lead to
A. Improved supply chain stability. B. Timely assistance to the business.
C. Economic growth in related sectors. D. Possible future oversupply of chips.
10. What can we learn from the passage
A. Production capacity would recover soon.
B. A combination of reasons led to chip shortage.
C. An investment of S30bn was enough for the problem.
D. Toyota was the first carmaker to suspend production.
11. What might be the best title for the passage
A. Loading, please wait B. Dying, please act
C. Calling, please respond D. Over-supplying, please stop
D
In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.
However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.
These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.
12. What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument
A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Uncertain.
13. Why do many people try to avoid arguments
A. They lack debating skills. B. They may feel bad even if they win.
C. They fear being ignored. D. They are not confident in themselves.
14. What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Defend. B. Explain. C. Conclude. D. Repeat.
15. What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author
A. Sense of logic. B. Solid supporting evidence.
C. Proper manners. D. Understanding from both sides.
第二节 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating
Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate Then, let it melt in your mind, not in your mouth. According to the recent research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it.
This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation. _____16_____
The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind. “If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite,” said Carey Morewedge, a well-known psychologist. “It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing. _____17_____ Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese,” he added.
Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates. _____18_____ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates. Lastly, a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine—with no chocolates. _____19_____ When they said they had finished, these were taken away and weighed. The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups.
_____20_____ Physical signals—that full stomach feeling—are only part of what tells us we’ve finished a meal. The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats. It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily, or have control over other habits.
A. What’s more, this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined.
B. People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment.
C. For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to the study.
D. All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each.
E. It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food.
F. This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet, the study says.
G. This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.
第三部分 语言运用（共四节；满分 55 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Along the coastline in northeastern Australia, many flying foxes are infected with a ____21____ disease. That’s where Pam Tully comes in.
Many ____22____ flying foxes fall from the trees and die. Pam walks miles in the rainforest, ____23____ babies still clinging (依偎) to their dying mothers. It’s very ____24____ work. Pam relies on a few volunteers to help rescue the flying foxes during the migration season. Canace came from America to lend a hand to her aunt Pam, and to ____25____ some kind of purpose in life after her mother passed away.
Pam taught Canace to ____26____ the baby flying foxes, keep them wrapped in nappies, nurse them back to health and take them back into the ____27____ to rejoin their families.
Day after day, Pam led Canace ____28____ the rainforest, collecting babies and bringing them back to the shed where they were ____29____ by an animal doctor, fed every two hours by bottle and even taught to fly. Each flying fox released back into the wild was a ____30____ . And each time one ____31____ away, the loss Canace felt seemed just a little bit less.
We never ____32____ get over the loss of a loved one, but when we take care of a ____33____ creature, or ____34____ to somebody else who is hurting, the wound ____35____ just a little bit, and the hurt becomes a memory of being loved.
21. A. common B. rare C. deadly D. slight
22. A. mother B. father C. baby D. fellow
23 A. curing B. collecting C. searching D. delivering
24. A. tiring B. horrible C. interesting D. thrilling
25. A. mourn for B. long for C. send for D. look for
26. A. inspect B. feed C. train D. raise
27. A. yard B. Zoo C. shelter D. wilderness
28. A. outside B. beyond C. through D. over
29. A. treated B. accompanied C. amused D. served
30. A. desire B. victory C. credit D. fight
31. A. fled B. jumped C. climbed D. winged
32. A. hardly B. merely C. really D. generally
33. A. weak B. strong C. strange D. wild
34. A. figure out B. hand out C. watch out D. reach out
35. A. deepens B. freezes C. heals D. shallows
第二节 短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The time-consuming process of carving a stone, while keeping its natural and unique beauty, can be compared ____36____ an education that helps each individual pupil achieve their full potential. As the place ____37____ the “four treasures of the study”, namely — the brush, ink stick, paper and ink stone — originated, Anhui has had a tradition of pushing education to the forefront since ancient times.
The ink stones ____38____(produce) in Anhui’s Shexian county are well-known for their ability to keep the ink wet for a long time and their ____39____(amazing) detailed patterns. Making a quality ink stone requires close attention to detail, great skill and passion for traditional culture. These are all characteristics that Hu Qiusheng, ____40____ ink stone carver and engraver (雕刻师) in Shexian, ____41____(pursue) and passed down in his family all the time.
____42____ four decades of handwork has deformed (变形) his fingers, Hu has won many awards in the field of crafts and fine arts. His own company, one of the country’s ____43____(lead) ink stone producers, has also sponsored ____44____ (competition) that encourage younger generations of ink stone makers _____45_____ (display) their skills and further develop the craft.
第三节 语法填空（ 共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读下面的句子，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves______(lose)for words.
47. He is thought _________ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. At last, we had a narrow escape, fortunately escaping __________(hurt) by the polar bear. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
49. ________(experience) quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice. （所给词的适当形式填空）
50. The young man left that city, never ________ (hear) from again. （所给词的适当形式填空）
第四节 单词填空（ 共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读下面的句子，根据首字母在空白处填入单词的正确形式（请在答题卡上写全单词形式）。
51. More and more people are using mobile devices to a________ the Internet. （根据首字母单词拼写）
52. Many workers are q________ because of poor pay. （根据首字母单词拼写）
53. The baseball game was p________ until next week because of the bad weather. (根据首字母单词拼写)
54. Smoking is not p________ in the building. （根据首字母单词拼写）
55. I took a pill to r________ my headache. （根据首字母单词拼写）
第五节 完成句子(共 10 小题；每小题 1分，满分 10 分)
根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，使整个句子句意完整，语法正确；每空一词，错一空分全扣。
56. 整个事件很不光彩，亟须彻查。
This is a disgraceful state of affairs and ________ ________ ________ a thorough investigation.
57. 然而，这种牺牲将达不到目的。
However, this sacrifice would fail to ________ ________ ________.
58. 他不会让情绪妨碍自己的工作。
He wouldn’t allow emotions to ________ ________ ________ ________ of him doing his job.
59. 没有提到受害人的姓名。
The victims were not ________ ________ by name.
60. 海伦决心要当个律师，她的坚持得到了回报。
Helen was determined to become a lawyer and her persistence______ _______
61. 许多医学发现都是经过反复试验得出的。
Many medical discoveries were made ________ ________ ________ ________.
62. 我们认为知识进展迅速是理所当然的。
We may ________ ________ ________ ________ that knowledge advances rapidly.
63. 美国人已经开始缩减开支，不只是缩减诸如旅游，娱乐或新车。
Americans have ________ ________ ________ spending, and not just for things like travel and entertainment, or new cars.
64. 在一定程度上，提高工资意味著增加购买力。
________ ________ ________ ________ to raise wages means increasing purchasing power.
65. 你没有紧扣眼前所发生的事，而是只提出了一些过去的类似事例。
Instead of staying in the here and now, you’ve just ________ ________ similar instances from the past.
第四部分 写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你校举办了学生合唱比赛(a chorus competition)。作为校英文报记者，请你写一篇报道。 内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点及参加人员；
2. 活动过程：前期准备 (rehearse v. 排练)、比赛情况;
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1：写作词数应为80左右；
2：请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Chorus Competition Goes off with a Bang !
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 BCABA 6-10 CABBC 11-15 AACBA 16-20 CCCBB2023-2024 学年度第二学期阶段练习
高一英语
（本试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟）
第一部分 听力（共两节，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在 试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。
1. Who keeps the pen now
A. Louise. B. Julie. C. Mark.
2. When do the speakers usually play tennis
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday C. On Friday.
3. How does the woman probably feel
A. Frightened. B. Relaxed. C. Amused.
4. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Order a taxi. B. Take a different train. C. Reschedule the interview.
5. How many times did the woman call the man
A. Five. B. Four. C. Three.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is the main idea of the conversation
A. Recalling a meeting. B. Discussing a show. C. Mistaking identity.
7. How does the man know of the woman
A. From TV. B. From a party. C. From school.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the woman dislike
A. Cheese. B. Yogurt. C. Cream.
9. What does the man suggest
A. Paying the bill. B. Trying some ice cream. C. Going somewhere else.
10. Where are the speakers
A. At home. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
11. Which book has the boy lost
A. An English book. B. A history book. C. A science book.
12. Why might the boy's brother have taken the book
A. He is interested in it. B. He is learning the subject. C He is using it for an exam.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Roommates. C. Mother and son.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is the woman doing
A. Chairing a meeting. B. Hosting a TV program. C. Giving a lecture.
15. What is the man cooking
A. A pie. B. A steak. C. Vegetable soup.
16. What's the woman's eating habit
A. She eats anything.
B. She does not eat any meat.
C. She does not eat certain meats.
17. What color will the food be when ready
A. Red. B. Black. C. Golden brown.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What does the speaker have in common with the listeners
A. They work in similar fields.
B. They share a similar dream.
C. They attended the same school.
19. What will the speaker do to help the listeners
A. Invent new products.
B. Offer job opportunities.
C. Start book-selling websites.
20. What is the purpose of the speech
A. To introduce himself.
B. To motivate new university graduates.
C. To offer inspiration to new employees.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节；满分 50 分）
第一节 单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
A
People with fixed mindsets believe that: ●Skill, intelligence and talents are natural. ●Failure is shameful and should be avoided. ●Some people are naturally good at things while others not. ●You are not in control of your abilities. People with growth mindsets believe that: ●You have the capacity to learn and grow your skills. ●Failure is a valuable lesson. ●People who are good at something are good because they build that ability. ●You are in control of your abilities.
have a desire to look smart, so tend to: —Avoid challenges. —Give up easily. —See effort as fruitless or worse. —Ignore useful negative feedback. —Feel threatened by the success of others. have a desire to learn, so tend to: —Embrace challenges. —Persist in the face of setbacks. —See effort as the path to mastery. —Learn from criticism. —Find lessons and inspiration in the success of others.
As a result, they may stay at the same level early and achieve less than their full potential. As a result, they reach ever-higher levels of achievement.
Change can be tough, but I’ve never heard anyone say it wasn’t worth it. Did changing to a growth mindset solve all my problems No. But I know that I have a different life because of it—a richer one.
1. The book “mindset” is intended to ________.
A. tell readers that two different mindsets lead to different results
B. illustrate that people with different mindsets hold different beliefs
C. help readers believe people act differently when facing challenges
D. persuade people to learn to change so as to enjoy a more fruitful life
2. Generally speaking, people with fixed mindsets are mostly ________.
A. successful B. straightforward
C. intelligent D. narrow-minded
3. A person with a growth mindset is likely to say ________.
A. “If I win, I’ll be somebody; if I lose, I’ll be nobody.”
B. “To be good at sports, you need to be naturally gifted.”
C. “Learn techniques and skills and practice them regularly, and you will always improve.”
D. “You have a certain level of ability in sports and you cannot really do much to change it.”
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了“mindset”这本书。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中两个表格内容“People with fixed mindsets believe that(固定心态的人认为)”和“People with growth mindsets believe that(拥有成长型心态的人相信)”可知，本文通过两种不同心态的人进行对比，最后得出结论，根据表格最后“Change can be tough, but I’ve never heard anyone say it wasn’t worth it. Did changing to a growth mindset solve all my problems No. But I know that I have a different life because of it—a richer one.(改变是艰难的，但我从未听任何人说不值得。转变成长型思维模式能解决我所有的问题吗？不。但我知道，我有一个不同的生活，因为它——一个更丰富的生活)”可知，《心态》一书的目的是说服人们学会改变，才能享受更丰硕的人生。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格中间左边部分have a desire to look smart, so tend to下的“Feel threatened by the success of others.(对他人的成功感到威胁)”可推知固定心态的人一般是心胸狭窄的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据表格上面右边部分People with growth mindsets believe that下的“You have the capacity to learn and grow your skills.(你有能力学习和提高自己的技能)”以及中间部分have a desire to learn, so tend to下的“See effort as the path to mastery.(把努力看作是通往精通的道路)”结合选项可推知，C项“Learn techniques and skills and practice them regularly, and you will always improve.(学习技术和技巧，并经常练习，你就会不断进步)”是一个拥有成长型思维模式的人可能会说的。故选C项。
B
The year 2023 marks the 102th anniversary of Noether’s ring theory, a branch of theoretical mathematics that is still fascinating and challenging numerous mathematicians today.
Neother was born in 1882 in Germany, whose father was a math professor, but it must have seemed unlikely to a young Neother that she would follow in his footsteps because women were banned from academia and few took classes at universities. After Neother graduated from a high school for girls, Erlangen University started to let women enroll. She signed up and earned her doctorate in mathematics, which should have been the end of her mathematical journey. Teaching at a university for women was still out of the question. But Neother stuck with mathematics anyway, staying in Erlangen and unofficially guiding doctoral students without pay.
In 1915, she applied for a position at the University of Gottingen. Bill Nicholl, the dean at the university, also a mathematician, was in favor of hiring Neother, although his argument was far from feminist (女权主义). “The female brain is unsuitable for mathematical production,” he wrote, “but Neother stood out as one of the rare exceptions.”
Unfortunately for Neother,the Ministry of Education would not give the university permission to have a woman as their teacher. Neother stayed in Gottingen and taught courses listed under the name of a male faculty teacher. During those years, she kept doing research and made important contributions to theoretical physics and Einstein’s theory of relativity. The university finally granted her lecturer status. Two years later, Neother published revolutionary discoveries in ring theory, which is the study of mathematical objects called rings. Neotherian rings show up all the time in modern mathematics. Mathematicians still use Neother’s map today,not just in ring theory,but in other area such as number theory and algebraic geometry.
4. What do we learn about Neother from paragraph 2
A. She taught at university as a teacher. B. She earned a degree in mathematics.
C. She was taught by her father at home D. She quit her mathematical journey early.
5. What can we infer from Bill Nicholl’s words
A. He was struggling for feminist. B. Females’brains differed from males’.
C. Neother was a giant in mathematics. D. Women mathematicians were superb.
6. What do we know about Noether’s ring theory
A It is still used by mathematicians today.
B. It opens up a new field in modern physics.
C. It is based on Einstein’s theory of relativity.
D It lays the foundation for modern mathematics.
7. Which of the following can best describe Noether
A. Gifted and generous. B. Sensitive and determined.
C. Committed and creative. D. Hardworking and honest.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Neother 为数学做出了开拓性的贡献，在那个时代，女性还被排斥在学术界之外，但她坚守数学领域，发表了有关环论的革命性发现，至今数学家们仍在思考和发展她的发现。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“She signed up and earned her doctorate in mathematics (她报名参加并获得了数学博士学位)”可知，Neother获得了数学学位。故选 B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“ “The female brain is unsuitable for mathematical production,” he wrote, “but Neother stood out as one of the rare exceptions.”(“女性的大脑不适合进行数学运算，”他写道，“但诺瑟尔是为数不多的例外之一。”)”可推知，Neother是天生的数学大师人物。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Mathematicians still use Neother’s map today, not just in ring theory, but in other area such as number theory and algebraic geometry.(数学家们今天仍然在使用Neother的地图，不仅在环理论中，而且在其他领域，如数论和代数几何中)”可知，环论在今天依然为数学家所利用。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“During those years, she kept doing research and made important contributions to theoretical physics and Einstein’s theory of relativity. The university finally granted her lecturer status. Two years later, Neother published revolutionary discoveries in ring theory.(在那些年里，她一直在做研究，对理论物理学和爱因斯坦的相对论做出了重要贡献。大学最终授予她讲师的地位。两年后，Neother发表了关于环理论的革命性发现)”可推知，Neother 是坚定的且有创意的人。故选C。
C
For want of a chip, the factory was lost. On May 18th Toyota became the latest carmaker forced to cut production in a global shortage of microchips, announcing it would stop work at two of its plants in Japan. Other car makers have also had to send workers home.
The pain is not limited to the car industry, for the shortage spans all sorts of chips, from the expensive, high-tech devices that power smartphones and data-centers to the simple sensors and micro-controllers that have become a vital commodity (商品). This chip drought is the result of the covid-19 pandemic interacting with an industry that is subject to cycles of boom and bust.
“The most important thing”, says Malcolm Penn, who runs a chip-industry consultancy, “is that shortages are a natural part of the industry.” Chipmaking is a good example of a “pork-cycle” business, named for the regular swings between under- and over-supply in pork markets. As with pigs, the supply of chips cannot quickly react to changes in demand. Capacity was tight even before the pandemic, says Mr Penn, pointing out that investment by chipmakers in factory equipment has been below its long-term average for many years.
The pandemic arrived at the worst possible time. After an early crash, demand in several fields boomed. Locked-down consumers bought laptops and other devices. Cloud-computing operators added servers to deal with the wave of home-workers. The car industry was particularly badly hit by a decision to cut orders early in the pandemic-demand for cars has since recovered. But the complexities of the production process mean it takes time to recover. “I can cancel my orders in an afternoon,” says Mr. Penn. “If I want to start them up again, that takes months--and that capacity is now busy serving other customers.”
But the pork cycle is turning once again. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, the world’s biggest chipmaker, plans to spend $30bn on new capacity this year. Two other giants, have also decided on further investment. That will bring relief to the wider economy, but not immediately. The boss of IBM said he thought the shortages might last for two years. And, says Mr Penn, when the drought eventually ends, chipmakers may find they face a familiar problem on a bigger scale: a capacity investment in response to serious shortages today could well mean a sizeable surplus (过剩) tomorrow.
8. How does the author illustrate the cyclical nature of chipmaking in paragraph 3
A. By referring to a quotation. B. By making a comparison.
C. By drawing a conclusion. D. By presenting an argument.
9. What may the investment mentioned in paragraph 5 eventually lead to
A. Improved supply chain stability. B. Timely assistance to the business.
C. Economic growth in related sectors. D. Possible future oversupply of chips.
10. What can we learn from the passage
A. Production capacity would recover soon.
B. A combination of reasons led to chip shortage.
C. An investment of S30bn was enough for the problem.
D. Toyota was the first carmaker to suspend production.
11. What might be the best title for the passage
A. Loading, please wait B. Dying, please act
C. Calling, please respond D. Over-supplying, please stop
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨了全球芯片短缺对汽车工业和其他领域的影响，特别强调了疫情与产业周期性交互作用的重要性，以及投资对未来芯片供应的影响。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““The most important thing”, says Malcolm Penn, who runs a chip-industry consultancy, “is that shortages are a natural part of the industry.” Chipmaking is a good example of a “pork-cycle” business, named for the regular swings between under- and over-supply in pork markets. As with pigs, the supply of chips cannot quickly react to changes in demand. Capacity was tight even before the pandemic, says Mr Penn, pointing out that investment by chipmakers in factory equipment has been below its long-term average for many years.(“最重要的是，”经营一家芯片行业咨询公司的马尔科姆 佩恩说，“短缺是这个行业的一个自然组成部分。”芯片制造是“猪肉周期”的一个很好的例子，以猪肉市场供应不足和供应过剩之间的定期波动命名。与猪肉供应一样，芯片的供应无法迅速对需求变化做出反应。佩恩表示，即使在疫情爆发之前，产能也很紧张。他指出，芯片制造商对工厂设备的投资多年来一直低于长期平均水平)”可知，作者通过比较说明芯片制造的周期性。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“And, says Mr Penn, when the drought eventually ends, chipmakers may find they face a familiar problem on a bigger scale: a capacity investment in response to serious shortages today could well mean a sizeable surplus (过剩) tomorrow.(佩恩表示，当严重短缺最终结束时，芯片制造商可能会发现，他们在更大范围内面临一个熟悉的问题：为应对今天的严重短缺而进行的产能投资，很可能意味着明天会出现相当大的过剩)”可知，第5段提到的投资最终会导致未来可能出现的芯片供过于求。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This chip drought is the result of the covid-19 pandemic interacting with an industry that is subject to cycles of boom and bust.(这种芯片短缺是新冠疫情与受繁荣与萧条周期影响的行业相互作用的结果)”可知，多种原因导致了芯片短缺。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“For want of a chip, the factory was lost. On May 18th Toyota became the latest carmaker forced to cut production in a global shortage of microchips, announcing it would stop work at two of its plants in Japan. Other car makers have also had to send workers home.(由于缺少芯片，工厂歇业了。5月18日，丰田公司宣布将停止其在日本的两家工厂的生产，成为最新一家因全球芯片短缺而被迫减产的汽车制造商。其他汽车制造商也不得不让工人回家)”结合本文探讨了全球芯片短缺对汽车工业和其他领域的影响，特别强调了疫情与产业周期性交互作用的重要性，以及投资对未来芯片供应的影响。可知，A选项“正在装载中，请稍等”最符合文章标题。故选A。
D
In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.
Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.
However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.
These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.
12. What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument
A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Uncertain.
13. Why do many people try to avoid arguments
A. They lack debating skills. B. They may feel bad even if they win.
C. They fear being ignored. D. They are not confident in themselves.
14. What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Defend. B. Explain. C. Conclude. D. Repeat.
15. What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author
A. Sense of logic. B. Solid supporting evidence.
C. Proper manners. D. Understanding from both sides.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.(这种对争论的厌恶是很普遍的，但它取决于对争论的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了争论的意义)”可知，作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments.(和身体上的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会让双方流血。即使你赢了，你最终也不会变得更好。如果争论只是一场比赛，比如网球比赛，你也会感觉很糟糕)”可知， 很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕，故选B。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“ask them to give you a reason for their view”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spell out意为“解释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.(如果我们重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口水战或网球比赛转变为一种理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了‘赢得’争论的本质)”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解，故选D。
第二节 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating
Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate Then, let it melt in your mind, not in your mouth. According to the recent research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it.
This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation. _____16_____
The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind. “If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite,” said Carey Morewedge, a well-known psychologist. “It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing. _____17_____ Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese,” he added.
Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates. _____18_____ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates. Lastly, a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine—with no chocolates. _____19_____ When they said they had finished, these were taken away and weighed. The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups.
_____20_____ Physical signals—that full stomach feeling—are only part of what tells us we’ve finished a meal. The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats. It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily, or have control over other habits.
A. What’s more, this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined.
B. People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment.
C. For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to the study.
D. All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each.
E. It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specific food.
F. This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet, the study says.
G. This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇选句填空。文章介绍了心理因素对人们饮食数量的影响，例如“习惯化”。
【16题详解】
根据横线前面一句This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation.可知，当我们多次接触到某一食物的时候，我们对它的兴趣就会减少，因为我们已经熟悉了它。，C项：For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to the study.(例如，根据这项研究，第十口要比第一口少。)是对前面理论的举例说明，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据横线后面一句Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese可知，想象自己吃巧克力的样子不会阻止你吃奶酪。也就是说我们要想象自己吃某种具体的食物，这样才会减少你对这种食物的渴望。A项：What’s more, this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined.(而且，这只适用于你想象中的特定食物。)恰好与此吻合，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据本段前面两句Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups.可知，研究人员对此问题进行了分组研究。第一组的研究对象被要求想象把30个硬币扔进洗衣机，然后想象吃了3个巧克力。这和从口袋里拿出巧克力来吃有类似的运动神经技巧，所以研究人员才会这样开展研究。F项：This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet, the study says.(这项研究称，这需要和吃小巧克力一样的运动技能。)符合文意，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据本段最后一句The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups.可知，在这些人吃完以后，进行称重。结果发现想象每次吃了30个巧克力的人实际上吃了最少。也就是说在他们实验结束以后，会让他们自由地吃巧克力。D项：All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolate each.(然后，他们所有人都可以自由地从盛有相同数量巧克力的碗中进食。)符合文意，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据本段第三句The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats.可知，本次研究说明心理方面的因素会影响人们吃的东西的量。由此可见这个研究是关于人们饮食数量的话题。G项：This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.(这项研究是研究什么使我们吃得比实际需要的多的研究的一部分。)，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共四节；满分 55 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Along the coastline in northeastern Australia, many flying foxes are infected with a ____21____ disease. That’s where Pam Tully comes in.
Many ____22____ flying foxes fall from the trees and die. Pam walks miles in the rainforest, ____23____ babies still clinging (依偎) to their dying mothers. It’s very ____24____ work. Pam relies on a few volunteers to help rescue the flying foxes during the migration season. Canace came from America to lend a hand to her aunt Pam, and to ____25____ some kind of purpose in life after her mother passed away.
Pam taught Canace to ____26____ the baby flying foxes, keep them wrapped in nappies, nurse them back to health and take them back into the ____27____ to rejoin their families.
Day after day, Pam led Canace ____28____ the rainforest, collecting babies and bringing them back to the shed where they were ____29____ by an animal doctor, fed every two hours by bottle and even taught to fly. Each flying fox released back into the wild was a ____30____ . And each time one ____31____ away, the loss Canace felt seemed just a little bit less.
We never ____32____ get over the loss of a loved one, but when we take care of a ____33____ creature, or ____34____ to somebody else who is hurting, the wound ____35____ just a little bit, and the hurt becomes a memory of being loved.
21. A. common B. rare C. deadly D. slight
22. A. mother B. father C. baby D. fellow
23. A. curing B. collecting C. searching D. delivering
24. A. tiring B. horrible C. interesting D. thrilling
25. A. mourn for B. long for C. send for D. look for
26. A. inspect B. feed C. train D. raise
27. A. yard B. Zoo C. shelter D. wilderness
28. A. outside B. beyond C. through D. over
29. A. treated B. accompanied C. amused D. served
30. A. desire B. victory C. credit D. fight
31. A. fled B. jumped C. climbed D. winged
32. A. hardly B. merely C. really D. generally
33. A. weak B. strong C. strange D. wild
34. A. figure out B. hand out C. watch out D. reach out
35. A. deepens B. freezes C. heals D. shallows
【答案】21 C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述讲述了在澳大利亚东北部的海岸线上，许多飞狐都感染了一种致命的疾病，导致很多飞狐妈妈死去，为了营救飞狐幼崽，Pam经常穿梭在热带雨林中搜集幼崽。Canace在母亲去世后，为了寻找生活的目标，从美国过来帮助Pam。在帮助幼崽康复，放飞到野外的这一过程中，Canace的失去母亲的痛在一点点减少。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在澳大利亚东北部的海岸线上，许多飞狐都感染了一种致命的疾病。A. common共同的；普通的；B. rare稀少的；C. deadly致命的；D. slight轻微的。由下文“flying foxes fall from the trees and die”可知，许多飞狐都死去了，这说明它们感染的疾病是致命的，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多飞狐妈妈从树上掉下来死了。A. mother母亲；妈妈；B. father父亲；C. baby婴儿；D. fellow伙伴。由下文“babies still clinging (依偎) to their dying mothers”可知，许多飞狐妈妈死了，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pam在雨林里走了好几英里，搜集仍然紧紧抱着垂死母亲的幼崽。A. curing治愈；B. collecting收集；搜集；C. searching研究；D. delivering发送。由下文“Pam relies on a few volunteers to help rescue the flying foxes during the migration season.(在迁徙季节，帕姆依靠一些志愿者来帮助营救飞狐。)”和倒数第二段中“collecting babies”可知，Pam在雨林里搜集飞狐幼崽，是为了营救它们，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这工作很累人。A. tiring令人疲倦的；累人的；B. horrible可怕的；C. interesting有趣的；D. thrilling令人兴奋的。由上文“Pam walks miles in the rainforest”可知，为了找飞狐幼崽，Pam在雨林里走了好几英里，这说明这项工作很累人。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Canace从美国过来帮助她的阿姨Pam，她在母亲去世后寻找某种生活目标。A. mourn for悼念；B. long for渴望；C. send for派某人去拿；D. look for寻找。由下文“some kind of purpose in life after her mother passed away.”可知，Canace在母亲去世后，想寻找生活的目标，所以她过来帮助Pam，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pam教会Canace喂养幼小的飞狐，给它们裹上尿布，照顾它们恢复健康，并最终带它们回到荒野与家人团聚。A. inspect视察；B. feed喂养；C. train培训；D. raise提高。由下文“the baby flying foxes, keep them wrapped in nappies, nurse them back to health”可知，此处在描述Pam教会Canace照顾幼小的飞狐，所以“喂养”合适，故选B。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pam教会Canace喂养幼小的飞狐，给它们裹上尿布，照顾它们恢复健康，并最终带它们回到野外与家人团聚。A. yard院子；B. zoo动物园；C. shelter避难处；D. wilderness野地。由下文“to rejoin their families.”可知，照顾幼小的飞狐，直到它们恢复健康后，把它们送回野外与它们的家人团聚，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：日复一日，Pam带领着Canace穿过雨林，搜集飞狐幼儿，带它们回到小屋，在那里，动物医生为他们治疗，每两个小时喂一次奶，甚至教它们飞行。A. outside在……外面；B. beyond超过；C. through通过；穿过；D. over在……上面。由上文“Pam walks miles in the rainforest”可知，应该是穿过森林寻找飞狐幼儿，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：日复一日，Pam带领着Canace穿过雨林，搜集飞狐幼儿，带它们回到小屋，在那里，动物医生为它们治疗，每两个小时喂一次奶，甚至教它们飞行。A. treated款待；B. accompanied陪伴；C. amused使逗乐；D. served服务。由下文“by an animal doctor”可知，医生为飞狐幼儿治疗，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一只被放回野外的飞狐都是一场胜利。A. desire渴望；B. victory胜利；C. credit信用；D. fight斗争。由上文“Each flying fox released back into the wild was a”可知，每一只被放回野外的飞狐都是一场胜利，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次一只飞狐飞走，Canace感到的损失似乎就少了一点。A. fled逃跑；B. jumped跳跃；C. climbed攀爬；D. winged飞行。由上文“And each time one”和下文“the loss Canace felt seemed just a little bit less.”可知，Canace失去了母亲，所以在每次放飞一只飞狐后，她都会感到伤口在一点点愈合，即感到自己的损失就少一点，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们从未真正从失去所爱之人的痛苦中走出来，但是当我们照顾一个脆弱的生物，或者向其他受伤的人伸出援手时，伤口就会一点点愈合，这种伤痛就会变成被爱的记忆。A. hardly几乎不；B. merely仅仅；C. really真地；D. generally大概。由下文“get over the loss of a loved one”可知，此处指我们从未真正从失去所爱之人的痛苦中走出来，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们从未真正从失去所爱之人的痛苦中走出来，但是当我们照顾一个脆弱的生物，或者向其他受伤的人伸出援手时，伤口就会一点点愈合，这种伤痛就会变成被爱的记忆。A. weak虚弱的；B. strong强壮的；C. strange陌生的；D. wild野生的。由上文“when we take care of a”和文章提到照顾飞狐幼崽可知，此处指照顾一个弱小的生物。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们从未真正从失去所爱之人的痛苦中走出来，但是当我们照顾一个脆弱的生物，或者向其他受伤的人伸出援手时，伤口就会一点点愈合，这种伤痛就会变成被爱的记忆。A. figure out解决出；B. hand out拿出来；C. watch out当心；D. reach out伸手。由下文“to somebody else who is hurting”可知，此处指向其他受伤的人伸出援手，reach out to sb.意为“向某人伸出援助之手”，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们从未真正从失去所爱之人的痛苦中走出来，但是当我们照顾一个脆弱的生物，或者向其他受伤的人伸出援手时，伤口就会一点点愈合，这种伤痛就会变成被爱的记忆。A. deepens加深；B. freezes结冰；C. heals治愈；D. shallows变浅。由上文“the wound”和下文“just a little bit, and the hurt becomes a memory of being loved.”可知，当我们照顾一个脆弱的生物，或者向其他受伤的人伸出援手时，伤口就会一点点愈合，故选C。
第二节 短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The time-consuming process of carving a stone, while keeping its natural and unique beauty, can be compared ____36____ an education that helps each individual pupil achieve their full potential. As the place ____37____ the “four treasures of the study”, namely — the brush, ink stick, paper and ink stone — originated, Anhui has had a tradition of pushing education to the forefront since ancient times.
The ink stones ____38____(produce) in Anhui’s Shexian county are well-known for their ability to keep the ink wet for a long time and their ____39____(amazing) detailed patterns. Making a quality ink stone requires close attention to detail, great skill and passion for traditional culture. These are all characteristics that Hu Qiusheng, ____40____ ink stone carver and engraver (雕刻师) in Shexian, ____41____(pursue) and passed down in his family all the time.
____42____ four decades of handwork has deformed (变形) his fingers, Hu has won many awards in the field of crafts and fine arts. His own company, one of the country’s ____43____(lead) ink stone producers, has also sponsored ____44____ (competition) that encourage younger generations of ink stone makers _____45_____ (display) their skills and further develop the craft.
【答案】36. to 37. where
38. produced
39. amazingly
40. an 41. has pursued
42. Although##Though##While
43. leading
petitions
45. to display
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了安徽歙县砚台雕刻家胡秋生对砚台的传承和推广。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：雕刻石头的耗时过程，同时保持其自然和独特的美，可以比作帮助每个学生充分发挥潜力的教育。固定搭配be compared to意为“被比作”，to是介词。故填to。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：安徽作为“文房四宝”——即笔、墨、纸、砚——的发源地，自古就有把教育推向领先地位的传统。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，指代先行词the place，且在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：安徽歙县生产的砚台以其长时间保持墨水湿润的能力和令人惊叹的精细图案而闻名。分析句子结构，本句的谓语是are，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语The ink stones和produce之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填produced。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意参考上题。空处应用修饰detailed，应用副词amazingly意为“令人惊叹地”。故填amazingly。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这些都是歙县砚台雕刻家胡秋生一直追求并在家族中传承的特点。根据空后的“ink stone carver and engraver (雕刻师)”可知，这里表示泛指，且ink的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意参考上题。根据句中的时间状语“all the time”可知，这里应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。主语为Hu Qiusheng，所以谓语应用单数。故填has pursued。
【42题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管四十年的手工使胡的手指变形，但他在工艺美术领域获得了许多奖项。分析句子结构，空处引导一个状语从句。根据句意，“four decades of handwork has deformed(变形) his fingers”和“Hu has won many awards in the field of crafts and fine arts”之间是让步关系，应用Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though/While。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他自己的公司是中国领先的砚台生产商之一，也赞助了一些比赛，鼓励年轻一代的砚台制作者展示他们的技能，进一步发展这一工艺。空处修饰ink stone producers，应用形容词leading意为“领先的，一流的”，作定语。故填leading。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。句意参考上题。competition意为“比赛”，为可数名词。空前没有限定词修饰，应用名词复数。故填competitions。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意参考第8题。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to display。
第三节 语法填空（ 共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读下面的句子，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves______(lose)for words.
【答案】lost
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即使是最好的作家有时也会发现自己陷入词穷。根据所给句子分析可知，此处lose为非谓语动词作宾补，固定结构“find sb. +宾补”及themselves与lose是被动关系可知，此处需要使用过去分词lost，故填lost。
47. He is thought _________ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to have acted
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他被认为做了愚蠢的事。现在对于失去工作这件事，他只能怪自己。由句意可知表示“被认为做某事”短语为be thought to do sth.，此处表示动作已完成，因此要用不定式的完成式。故填to have acted。
48. At last, we had a narrow escape, fortunately escaping __________(hurt) by the polar bear. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being hurt
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，我们死里逃生，幸运地躲过了北极熊的伤害。分析句子可知，空处作escaping的宾语，应用动名词形式，且结合by the polar bear可知，hurt“使……受伤”和we逻辑上是被动的关系，因此应用动名词的被动语态，即being done的形式。故填being hurt。
49. ________(experience) quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】Having experienced
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为在夏威夷已经经历了不少地震，所以我并没有太在意。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，experience与句子主语I之间为主动关系，结合句意可知，experience发生在谓语动词之前，所以此处应使用having experienced，且位于句首，having的首字母需大写。故填Having experienced。
50. The young man left that city, never ________ (hear) from again. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to be heard
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个年轻人离开了那个城市，从此杳无音信。句子谓语动词是left，hear用非谓语动词形式作状语，hear与其逻辑主语man之间是被动关系，表示意料之外的结果用不定式形式，填入动词不定式的被动式符合题意。故填to be heard。
第四节 单词填空（ 共 5 小题，每题 1 分，满分 5 分）
阅读下面的句子，根据首字母在空白处填入单词的正确形式（请在答题卡上写全单词形式）。
51. More and more people are using mobile devices to a________ the Internet. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】access##ccess
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：越来越多的人使用移动设备上网。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填动词access“获取，访问（计算机信息）”。不定式作目的状语。故填access。
52. Many workers are q________ because of poor pay. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】quitting##uitting
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多工人因为工资太低而辞职。根据句意和所给首字母，应是quit意为“辞去(工作)”符合语境，根据句意，用现在进行时，空前已有be动词，空处填现在分词形式。故填quitting。
53. The baseball game was p________ until next week because of the bad weather. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】postponed##ostponed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于天气不好，棒球比赛推迟到下星期举行。根据单词首字母以及句意“推迟”，可知应填动词postpon，此处与主语构成被动关系，结合上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填postponed。
54. Smoking is not p________ in the building. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】permitted##ermitted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：大楼内不准吸烟。根据句意和所给首字母，应是permit意为“允许”，和主语Smoking之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处填过去分词形式。故填permitted。
55. I took a pill to r________ my headache. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】relieve##elieve
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我吃了一片药来缓解头痛。根据首字母和句意可知，空处填动词relieve“缓解”，空前to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，作目的状语。故填relieve。
第五节 完成句子(共 10 小题；每小题 1分，满分 10 分)
根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，使整个句子句意完整，语法正确；每空一词，错一空分全扣。
56. 整个事件很不光彩，亟须彻查。
This is a disgraceful state of affairs and ________ ________ ________ a thorough investigation.
【答案】 ①. cries ②. out ③. for
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。表示“需要”短语为cry out for，根据上文is可知为一般现在时，谓语用三单形式。故填cries out for。
57. 然而，这种牺牲将达不到目的。
However, this sacrifice would fail to ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 ①. do ②. the ③. trick
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“达不到目的”，句中用的是fail to，所以可译为“获得成功失败了”，设空为三个，应是固定搭配：do the trick意为“获得成功”符合语境，空前的to是不定式的标志，空处填动词原形。故填①do，②the，③trick。
58. 他不会让情绪妨碍自己的工作。
He wouldn’t allow emotions to ________ ________ ________ ________ of him doing his job.
【答案】 ① get ②. in ③. the ④. way
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“妨碍”，设空为四个，应是固定短语：get in the way意为“妨碍”，空前的to是不定式的标志，空处填动词原形。故填①get，②in，③the，④way。
59. 没有提到受害人的姓名。
The victims were not ________ ________ by name.
【答案】 ①. referred ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语be referred to“被提到”，空前有were，此处应用过去分词。故填referred to。
60. 海伦决心要当个律师，她的坚持得到了回报。
Helen was determined to become a lawyer and her persistence______ _______
【答案】 ①. paid ②. off
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据Helen was determined to become a lawyer可知描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。pay off回报，该短语是固定短语，所以填(1). paid (2). off
61. 许多医学发现都是经过反复试验得出的。
Many medical discoveries were made ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 ①. through##by ②. trial ③. and ④. error
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。分析句子可知，此处缺少介词短语充当方式状语；表示“经过”的英语是介词through / by；“反复试验”的英语是trial and error。故填through / by；trial；and；error。
62. 我们认为知识进展迅速是理所当然的。
We may ________ ________ ________ ________ that knowledge advances rapidly.
【答案】 ①. take ②. it ③. for ④. granted
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“认为……是理所当然的”的英语是固定短语take it for granted；此处缺少句子谓语，前面有情态动词may，第一空格应使用动词原形。故填take it for granted。
63. 美国人已经开始缩减开支，不只是缩减诸如旅游，娱乐或新车。
Americans have ________ ________ ________ spending, and not just for things like travel and entertainment, or new cars.
【答案】 ①. cut ②. back##down ③. on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“缩减”，设空为三个，此处应是固定搭配：cut back on或者cut down on意为“缩减”，根据句意，用现在完成时，空前已有have，空处填过去分词。故填①cut，②back或者down，③on。
64. 在一定程度上，提高工资意味著增加购买力。
________ ________ ________ ________, to raise wages means increasing purchasing power.
【答案】 ①. To ②. a ③. certain ④. extent
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。在一定程度上为“to a certain extent”作状语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填To a certain extent。
65. 你没有紧扣眼前所发生的事，而是只提出了一些过去的类似事例。
Instead of staying in the here and now, you’ve just ________ ________ similar instances from the past.
【答案】 ①. brought ②. up
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“提出”的英语是动词短语bring up；空格处用作句子的谓语部分，根据句意以及空格前的you’ve可知，用现在完成时，此处缺少过去分词。故填brought up。
第四部分 写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你校举办了学生合唱比赛(a chorus competition)。作为校英文报记者，请你写一篇报道。 内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点及参加人员；
2. 活动过程：前期准备 (rehearse v. 排练)、比赛情况;
3. 活动反响。
注意：
1：写作词数应为80左右；
2：请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Chorus Competition Goes off with a Bang !
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Chorus Competition Goes off with a Bang!
To showcase students’ talents, last Wednesday witnessed a chorus competition in the school auditorium, which involved both the teaching staff and students.
All the classes, immersed in the preparation for the competition, went to great lengths to adapt the music, conduct the stage design and rehearse. Then came the big day -December 9th, when all the participants impressed the audience and judges with abundant emotion and distinguished performance.
The activity turned out to be a huge success. Not only did it enrich students’ campus life, but it also relieved their stress from heavy schoolwork.
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你校举办了学生合唱比赛，要求考生据此写一篇报道。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
展示：showcase→display
包括：involve→include
比赛：competition→contest
活动：activity→event
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All the classes, immersed in the preparation for the competition, went to great lengths to adapt the music, conduct the stage design and rehearse.
拓展句：All the classes, which were immersed in preparing for the competition, went to great lengths to adapt the music, conduct the stage design, and rehearse.
【点睛】[高分句型1]To showcase students’ talents, last Wednesday witnessed a chorus competition in the school auditorium, which involved both the teaching staff and students.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Then came the big day -December 9th, when all the participants impressed the audience and judges with abundant emotion and distinguished performance.(when引导的时间状语从句)
1-5 BCABA 6-10 CABBC 11-15 AACBA 16-20 CCCBB
