绝密★考试结束前
2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Who are coming to the speakers’ house
A．The man’s parents. B．Their friends. C．Some strangers.
2．What time is it now
A．8:25. B．8:45. C．9:00.
3．Why does the man want to change his personal style
A．To be more professional. B．To be more fashionable. C．To be more casual.
4．What is Chris doing
A．Cutting grass. B．Building a fence. C．Putting in a pool.
5．What does the man think he has reached
A．His final goal. B．His maximum limit. C．His greatest moment.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选
项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6．How does the girl feel about leaving the town
A．Indifferent. B．Upset. C．Eager.
7．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Brother and sister. B．Father and daughter. C．Colleagues.
听下面一段较长对话，回第以下小题。
8．Which class did Tom attend today
A．Physics. B．Geometry. C．Chemistry.
9．What do we know about Tom
A．He knows little about the moon.
B．He is a first-year student in high school.
C．He shows little interest in the class.
10．Who is the woman in the conversation
A．A scientist. B．Tom’s teacher. C．Tom’s mother.
听下面一段较长对话，回第以下小题。
11．Why is the woman more tired than normal
A．She slept too long.
B．She attended a boring meeting.
C．She was sitting for too long.
12．How does the woman usually like her coffee
A．Cold. B．Bitter. C．Sour.
13．Where are the speakers going
A．To a concert. B．To a baseball game. C．To a movie theater.
听下面一段较长对话，回第以下小题。
14．What does the man think he still has a problem with
A．His nose. B．His head. C．His mouth.
15．Where are the speakers
A．In a hospital. B．In a school lab. C．At a research center.
16．What will the man work out during the experiment
A．His smell. B．His taste. C．His muscle.
17．What is the main topic of the conversation
A．Taking new medicines. B．Using new treatments. C．Finding new senses.
听下面一段独白，回第以下小题。
18．What helped Dr. Osborn make her discovery
A．That her photograph was unsatisfying.
B．That her photograph had special qualities.
C．That her photograph showed the strange shape of the fish.
19．How might the discovery be useful
A．In making food. B．In making paint. C．In making cameras.
20．What is the talk mainly about
A．A special light in the ocean.
B．A mystery on the blackest fish.
C．A new discovery of the super-black materials.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Young Artists to Watch This YearTafy LaPlanche
New York-based Afro-Latina artist Tafy LaPlanche first discovered her love for portraits(肖像) at 13 when she was hospitalized and drew people who passed by her room. Since then, LaPlanche has explored narratives (叙事) in her portraits, setting women up against bright backgrounds, and adding fruit to create a unique story in every painting.Yan Xinyue
Thirty-year-old Chinese artist Yan Xinyue is one of the artists to watch at this year’s Frieze New York. Xinyue’s work looks at how everyday life is impacted by rapid urban development through her imaginative paintings.
Constantly touching the line between fantasy and reality, Xinyue’s work explores society and the individual.Narumi Nekpenekpen
The Nigcrian-Japanese artist’s layered (分层的) approach to sculpture caught the eyes of collectors during Art Basel Miami Beach design week. The deeply emotional pieces painted throughout her residency at Versailles have a “Sanrio” quality, which makes them seem both distant and friendly.Emma McIntyre
Also featured at this year’s Frieze New York is New Zealand-born, Los Angeles-based artist Emma McIntyre. The self-aware abstract (抽象的) painter is sure to turn heads with her presentations of memory, weather, and the environment. McIntyre’s colorful style makes the viewer feel like they’re slipping into a different dimension and makes it difficult to turn away.
21．What element does Tafy LaPlanche often use in her paintings
A．Fruit. B．Sanrio. C．Hospitals. D．Weather.
22．Who explores the impact of rapid urban development in her work
A．Tafy LaPlanche. B．Yan Xinyue.
C．Narumi Nekpenekpen. D．Emma McIntyre.
23．What is a distinctive feature of Emma McIntyre’s art
A．Exploration of narratives. B．Layered approach to sculpture.
C．Bright backgrounds in self-portraits. D．Self-awareness in abstract paintings.
B
Until she was ten years old. Debby Tewa lived with her grandmother in a three-room stone house in a remote area of the Hopi Reservation in Arizona. Like other families around them, Debby and her grandmother never had running water or a telephone, or electrical power. “I didn’t crave electricity then,” Debby recalls. “Because I didn’t know that I didn’t have it.”
Debby was in fourth grade and living with her parents off the reservation when she first had electricity at home. “I liked being able to study at night and watch TV,” she remembers. She started thinking about how she could help bring electricity to places like her grandmother’s community.
After graduating from Sherman Indian High School in California, Debby returned to the Hopi Reservation, where she took a job helping other young people find summer work. Debby’s big opportunity came when The Hopi Foundation, created by Hopi people to improve life on the reservation, started an organization called Native Sun. The idea was to bring energy to remote Hopi communities in a way that would fit in with their traditional way of life. Solar energy seemed like a perfect solution.
To spread the word about solar energy, The Hopi Foundation recruited (招募) several members who could speak the Hopi language. One of them was Debby Tewa. Part of Debby’s job was to teach people about solar energy. She set up demonstration solar power systems in three villages. In the next few years, Debby installed (安装) more than 300 solar panels on Hopi houses, and people started calling her “Solar Debby.”
For people like Debby’s aunt and her aunt’s 90-year-old neighbor, who had never had electricity before, solar power has made a life-changing difference. They no longer have to use a kerosene (煤油) lamp. But best of all, they know that they have control over their own clectricity. “When you get your own solar clectrical system, it’s yours.” Debby explains. “You’re not dependent on a power company. With solar energy, we can be independent.”
24．What does the underlined word “crave” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Find out. B．Long for. C．Stand up for. D．Make use of.
25．What can we learn about Debby from the first two paragraphs
A．She could take others’ hardships into consideration.
B．She was grateful for her childhood.
C．She demonstrated intelligence early in life.
D．She complained about a lack of life conveniences.
26．What was the purpose of Native Sun
A．To keep Hopi traditions alive. B．To beautify Hopi communities.
C．To provide the Hopi with electricity. D．To offer job opportunities to the Hopi.
27．What does Debby’s explanation about solar power intend to show
A．Its target populations. B．Its possible applications.
C．Its operations by the Hopi. D．Its significance to the Hopi.
C
Fu Lei’s Family Letters is a book of letters written by Chinese translator and writer Fu Lei to his elder son Fu Cong, who is a famous pianist. Between 1954 and 1966, Fu Cong spent a lot of time away from home training as a piano player. As a result, writing letters became Fu Lei’s usual way of communicating with his elder son. Fu Min, Fu Lei’s younger son edited the letters and the book came out in 1981.
The book shows Fu Lei’s family tradition and value. To Fu Lei, the purpose of education of a person, is to make that person useful to the society. Fu Lei praised his son Fu Cong after winning a piano competition. Fu Lei wrote, “We are happy because you make your country proud. I am so excited when I think about your future. You
will make great progress and serve more people, encourage them and heal them.”
In the family letters, Fu Cong was also advised to read famous Chinese texts. When reading these books, Fu Cong was told to connect ideas and feelings together, for that would help him become a better person. To Fu Lei, learning to be a good person comes before any academic training.
Fu Lei’s Family Letters has a great impact on people in China because it helps many young students understand how they should live their lives. The following contents are teenagers’ favorite:
“We won’t get hurt so long as our moods stay stable.”
“The degree of success is not completely under our control. It’s half through personal efforts and half through destiny. But so long as you stay tough, you can weather failures, blunders and heavy blows—whether such blows stem from interpersonal, livelihood-related, technical or academic matters.
“A person needs to have the courage to confront reality and past mistakes. As such, he can come up with sensible analysis and in-depth appreciation. Only then he won’t be weighed down by bad memories.
28．What can we learn from Fu Lei’s Family Letters
A．Fu Lei’s family tradition and value are shown in the book.
B．People in the 1950s communicated with each other by books.
C．It’s difficult for parents to make their children well educated.
D．Praising children after taking part in a competition is important.
29．What did Fu Lei think of Fu Cong’s future
A．Hopeful. B．Difficult. C．Uncertain. D．Interesting.
30．Why was Fu Cong advised to read famous Chinese texts
A．To be a richer man.
B．To help more people.
C．To become a better person.
D．To do more academic training.
31．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A newspaper. B．A comic book.
C．A travel guide. D．A fashion magazine.
D
The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less
likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "
For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.
A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.
These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.
"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
32．What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph
A．Positive effects of doing exercises.
B．Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.
C．Experimental studies on diseases.
D．Advantages of sporty woman over man
33．Why did the researchers ask the women to do bicycle exercise
A．To predict their maximum heart rate.
B．To assess their cardiovascular capacity
C．To change their habits of working out
D．To detect their potential health problems
34．What do we know about Dr Horder's study
A．It aimed to find a cure for dementia.
B．Data collection was a lengthy process.
C．Some participants withdrew from it.
D．The results were far from satisfactory.
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia
B．Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise
C．Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia
D．Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Michael Leviton grew up with a strict code of honesty — where truth meant not just avoiding lies. His family believed that it was important to reveal what was on your mind. If someone asked, “How are you ” the moral response was to say exactly how you were feeling and not brush the question off with a “fine” or “good.” 36 .
The consequences of that kind of honesty, however, were often complicated outside the family home.
In elementary school, teachers didn't know how to respond to him, Leviton recalled. They'd call him brave for not crying after a fall, but Leviton would accuse them of lying. “Usually, I found teachers would flee (迅速离开),” said Leviton. “There was no script for how to talk to a five-year-old who refuses to let them say he's brave.” 37 . Leviton would accuse his teachers of unfairly targeting black kids, but those same kids, while grateful he defended them, found his bluntness (直率) awkward.
38 . If a potential employer asked him about his flaws, Leviton would spare no detail. He was incapable of creating a flattering (讨人喜欢的) portrayal of himself. “I'd be like, ‘I'm trying to get my first job here. I don't know what I'm gonna be doing in five years,'” he recalled. “They would just be like, ‘Okay! All right. Next question.'”
Gradually, Leviton came to realize that constantly revealing his true feelings could have negative impacts. 39 . He began to reply “fine” when people asked him how he was doing. When he got into arguments, instead of asking for an apology, he'd try to pretend it didn't happen. “I had to just shut up about certain things and be nice and positive and grateful, even if I didn't feel that way.” 40 — with just a bit of polite lying and better timing with the truth.
A．Today Leviton said that his life is better
B．Other children also found him hard to be around
C．This would happen multiple times within the same week
D．Pretending you were happy when you weren't was a kind of lie
E．As an adult, Leviton's complete honesty could ruin job interviews
F．He wanted someone honest and found his way of thinking refreshing
G．He sought to become a little less honest and learn to hide his feelings
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When my grandmother was a teenager, her family moved to Transylvania. To make money, she began 41 in a bakery (面包店). For two or three years, she threw herself into 42 desserts and became an excellent baker. It was there that she met my grandfather, got 43 , and had two children: My mother and my uncle.
My grandparents treated us very well as kids, especially when it came to 44 . We often stayed with them on the weekends and as an excellent cook with a 45 tooth, my grandmother always made sure to serve dessert after every single meal. It became a 46 for her to make us a different dessert every Sunday. Of all the desserts, my sister Adriana and I 47 papanasi, a traditional Romanian dessert made of sweet cow cheese (奶酪), best.
After moving to Canada when I was a young girl, my family found it 48 to find a suitable cheese for the recipe (食谱) for papanasi. Back in Romania, there was always fresh cow cheese at the farmers market, and we could 49 buy this cheese. When I 50 my baking skills like my grandmother and finally found the 51 cheese, the recipe turned out just right. It was like I could see her clapping (鼓掌) and 52 in the room with me.
My grandmother passed away when I was 9. Over the years, baking has become my way of 53 her. Every time I make papanasi I 54 her.
Family recipes and the love within them are not limited to space and time. The years may pass, but through this recipe, we’ll always 55 each other.
41．A．working B．painting C．volunteering D．singing
42．A．ordering B．selling C．creating D．choosing
43．A．tired B．married C．paid D．dressed
44．A．training B．reading C．playing D．eating
45．A．sweet B．missing C．gold D．healthy
46．A．need B．mistake C．tradition D．shame
47．A．used B．explained C．knew D．liked
48．A．challenging B．interesting C．dangerous D．popular
49．A．secretly B．probably C．easily D．finally
50．A．perfected B．forgot C．considered D．doubted
51．A．cheap B．right C．old D．famous
52．A．sleeping B．cheering C．exercising D．cleaning
53．A．helping B．changing C．honoring D．guiding
54．A．depend on B．agree with C．wait for D．think of
55．A．hate B．have C．fight D．trust
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
Chang’an Tower, also known as the Great Wild Goose Pagoda, is an architectural wonder 56 (locate) in Xi’an, China. With its rich historical significance and stunning beauty, this ancient tower stands as a masterpiece of China’s cultural heritage.
57 (original) built during the Tang Dynasty in the 7th century, Chang’an Tower served as a Buddhist pagoda, housing Buddhist materials that the monk Xuanzang brought from India. Its construction 58 (order) by Emperor Gaozong to promote Buddhism and facilitate (使……便利) the translation of Buddhist scriptures (佛经) 59 Chinese.
Rising to a 60 (high) of 64 meters, the square-shaped, thirteen-storey tower showcases the splendid craftsmanship of ancient Chinese craftsmen, each storey of 61 exhibits unique architectural features, 62 (reflect) the cultural influences of the time. Visitors can go up the internal staircase to the top for magnificent 63 (view) of the city. Surrounding the pagoda, the serene gardens and the Da Ci’en Temple offer a peaceful retreat as well.
Whether it is for experiencing a piece of history 64 exploring cultural wonders, Chang’an Tower is 65 essential destination for those exploring China’s vast historical landscape.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）66．假设你是李华，是学校环保社的社长，请你根据所给提示，为学校英文报纸写一封倡议书。要点如下：
1. 简要介绍你所在的校园环保社团；
2. 指出校园塑料大量使用的情况；
3. 发出减少塑料使用的倡议。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The School Environmental Protection Club
第二节（满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As he lay awake that night, Tony could hear his parents discussing his sister Alice’s birthday. It was just two days away. Birthdays were always a lot of fun, even though there was no money for store-bought gifts. Nearly all of toys he and his sister had were homemade. There was nothing wrong with that, he knew. Like many families in this part, they were poor.
This birthday would be different, though. Alice was older now, and he’d seen how her eyes lit up when she saw the new doll at Honey House, a neighborhood store just down the road from their house.
How he longed for her to have it! An idea finally came to him just before he went to bed. After a quick breakfast the following morning, he tied a bag to the handlebars of his bike and headed toward a village hill.
After a long journey, he reached his destination, the mango forest. There were already two other boys there.
Tony grabbed his bag and set to work immediately.
The sun was high overhead. The weather was hot and nearly all of the taller trees held ripe mangoes but they were well beyond reach. Tony struggled to climb the trees to pick mangoes, though he fell off many times.
His efforts were sometimes rewarded when a mango dropped into the bag. After a while his neck ached from looking upward, and his arms grew sore. He kept at it, though, and by late afternoon his bag was nearly full.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
2. 续写部分分两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
Tony rushed back to Honey House, out of breath, only to find the owner of the store was going to close the door.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
The following morning, Alice walked into the kitchen and took a seat at the breakfast table.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C
【原文】M: Who did you say was coming over today I might be at my parents’ house until tomorrow, so I will miss your friends if they’re still coming.
W: It’s not my friends. The tree service workers are the ones who will be here later.
2．B
【原文】M: Miss, can I interest you in the seafood special tonight It won’t start until nine, but it’s only $25, half the usual price.
W: Oh really There is only fifteen minutes to go.
3．A
【原文】M: My interview is on Monday, but I only have the formal shirts I bought for the school dance.
W: These shirts are fine. We should go get you a trendier hairstyle.
M: You think so I think all of these shirts are too colorful or casual.
4．B
【原文】M: Who’s the person in Mr. Abar’s yard Is he helping Mr. Abar to put in a new pool
W: Oh, that’s Chris Powell. He’s helping to make a taller barrier, so people can’t climb into the yard. I met him when I was cutting the grass.
5．B
【原文】W: You looked great out there! I know you didn’t reach your goal, but you should be proud.
M: I wish I could do better, but I honestly think this is the best that I will ever do. It was a good race, though.
6．C 7．A
【原文】M: Isn’t this so exciting, Liz We get to move to a new town next month! I’m so pleased about the area, too. California’s weather is so beautiful.
W: I just want to get it over with. We should have just left this week. Dad is already out there anyway.
M: We have to wait until Mom is ready to go. She wants to do things like transferring her bank
accounts and setting up her new driver’s license. Besides, she still has work to finish.
W: I guess so. I’m just glad she told her boss early on. Otherwise, we might be stuck here even longer.
8．A 9．B 10．C
【原文】W: What did you learn in class today, Tom
M: We learned about how things move and the variations that make them move differently.
W: I thought you had geometry on Wednesdays. This sounds complicated for the first-year high school students.
M: We usually do have geometry, but a special speaker came in today. Besides, it isn’t nearly as hard as the chemistry class on Thursday.
W: So what did you learn
M: Well, the scientist that came in told us all about how speed and weight change the way that things interact with our world. But he was surprised when I asked my question about something else.
W: What did you ask about
M: I remembered a long time ago when you and Dad told me about gravity. We were talking about the moon and how people can jump really high there. So I asked him what the difference would be between one object here and on the moon.
11．C 12．B 13．A
【原文】M: If you want, you can sleep for a little while on the couch before we go. I know you had a long day of work. I’ll make sure you don’t sleep too long.
W: I’ll pass up the sleep. But yes, it was especially long because we had our annual meeting. It’s not usually a problem, but this one had us sitting for a long time.
M: Was it really boring
W: Actually, it was pretty interesting.
M: Well, I have coffee already made if you want some. It is cold, if that’s OK.
W: Sure. I don’t normally have cold coffee, though. As long as it doesn’t have any sugar or milk in it, I will enjoy it.
M: No problem. Here you go.
W: Thanks. Did John say what time his baseball game ended today He’ll need to shower afterwards. We can prepare a cup of sour coffee for him.
M: He said in about two hours from now he would be here. We could watch a film while we wait.
W: That’s OK. I’ll save my attention for the classical violinists we will see.
14．C 15．A 16．A 17．B
【原文】W: Tell me how you have been feeling since you have recovered.
M: Well, doctor, I feel much better now. I don’t have headaches anymore and I’m beginning to get my smell back. However, I still can’t taste anything!
W: That may take a while to get back. But I will take some blood work into the laboratory and we can take a look. If you would like, I know of a treatment that is being experimented with. They are looking for people with your condition.
M: Will it help fix my problem Eating and drinking are my favorite things in the world.
W: It might, but you will need to go somewhere else to do the program. We don’t have anything like that here at the hospital.
M: I don’t care. If it gives me my senses back, I’ll do it.
W: Well, taste is strongly tied with the sense of smell. The idea behind the experiment is to have you working out your nose. You will start with strong smells and move to weaker ones in order to train your nose to work again.
M: And that will help me taste things Wouldn’t it be better to eat really strong food or drinks
W: No, it wouldn’t. You need to gain the strength back little by little. Unfortunately, there is no medicine that can cure this issue quickly.
18．A 19．C 20．B
【原文】An ocean mystery — how the blackest fish in the deep sea are so extremely black — has been solved in a study that began with a bad photograph. Dr. Karen Osborn said that she couldn’t get a good shot — just shapes. Her detailed study of the animal’s “super-black” skin revealed that it traps light. While it makes them difficult to photograph, scientists say it provides the best way of hiding. There is, Dr. Osborn explained, nowhere to hide from enemies in the deep ocean, so this
“super-blackness” makes creatures almost invisible. The discovery could result in new super-black materials, such as coatings (涂层) for the insides of telescopes or cameras. Several species appear to have developed the same trick. Parts of their skin push away any light they don’t absorb, Dr. Osborn said. It was her unsuccessful efforts to take good photographs of the creatures that inspired her to take a closer look. “Every picture I took was really bad,” she said, “Then I noticed they had really strange skin — they’re so black, and they suck up all the light.” This is the best way of hiding in the deep sea. Living in the deep sea is like playing hide-and-seek. Being so black really helps these creatures to survive. Her efforts to capture beautifully clear images of these species, all of which live at ocean depths of more than 200 meters, eventually paid off. “It took a lot of special lighting,” she admitted.
21．A 22．B 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四位今年值得关注的年轻艺术家。
21．细节理解题。根据Tafy LaPlanche部分的“Since then, LaPlanche has explored narratives (叙事) in her portraits, setting women up against bright backgrounds, and adding fruit to create a unique story in every painting. (从那时起，LaPlanche在她的肖像画中探索叙事，将女性置于明亮的背景下，并在每幅画中添加水果以创造一个独特的故事。)”可知，Tafy LaPlanche在她的画作中经常使用水果，故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据Yan Xinyue部分的“Xinyue’s work looks at how everyday life is impacted by rapid urban development through her imaginative paintings. (闫欣悦的作品通过她富有想象力的画作，探讨了城市快速发展对日常生活的影响。)”可知，闫欣悦的作品中探讨了城市快速发展对日常生活的影响，故选B项。
23．细节理解题。根据Emma McIntyre部分的“The self-aware abstract (抽象的) painter is sure to turn heads with her presentations of memory, weather, and the environment. McIntyre’s colorful style makes the viewer feel like they’re slipping into a different dimension and makes it difficult to turn away. (这位具有自我意识的抽象画家一定会以她对记忆、天气和环境的呈现而引起人们的注意。)”可知，Emma McIntyre艺术的鲜明特点是抽象绘画中的自我意识，故选D项。
24．B 25．A 26．C 27．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Debby Tewa如何从自身经历出发，致力于为Hopi保留地引入太阳能，极大地改善了当地无电社区的生活条件，赋予居民能源自主权的故事。
24．词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Like other families around them, Debby and her grandmother never had running water or a telephone, or electrical power. (和周围的其他家庭一样，Debby 和她的祖母从来没有自来水、电话或电力)”以及“Because I didn’t know that I didn’t have it.(因为我不知道我没有它)”可知，Debby和她的祖母从来没有自来水、电话或电力，所以她不知道有电这种东西，也就不渴望它。划线的单词crave意为“渴望的”。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段的“She started thinking about how she could help bring electricity to places like her grandmother’s community.(她开始思考如何帮助像她祖母所在的社区这样的地方通电)”可推知，Debby 能够考虑到他人的生活困难，并想要帮助他们解决这一问题。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The idea was to bring energy to remote Hopi communities in a way that would fit in with their traditional way of life. Solar energy seemed like a perfect solution.(这个想法是以一种符合他们传统生活方式的方式为偏远的Hopi社区带来能源。太阳能似乎是一个完美的解决方案)”可知，Native Sun成立的目的是为了向Hopi社区提供电力。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段的““When you get your own solar clectrical system, it’s yours.” Debby explains. “You’re not dependent on a power company. With solar energy, we can be independent.”(黛比解释说：“当你有了自己的太阳能发电系统，它就是你的了。”“你不依赖电力公司。有了太阳能，我们就可以独立了。”)”可推知，Debby 在强调太阳能对于Hopi社区的重要意义，即它给予他们能源自主权和独立性。故选D。
28．A 29．A 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了《傅雷家书》。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The book shows Fu Lei’s family tradition and value. (这本书展示了傅雷的家庭传统和价值观。)”可知，傅雷的家风和价值观都体现在书中。故选A项。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We are happy because you make your country proud. I am so excited when I think about your future. You will make great progress and serve more people, encourage them and heal them. (我们很高兴，因为你让你的国家令人骄傲。一想到你的未来，我就很兴奋。你会取得很大的进步，为更多的人服务，鼓励他们，治愈他们。)”可知，傅雷
对傅聪取得的成绩感到自豪，并相信他会取得很大的进步，为更多人服务，由此可知，傅雷认为傅聪的未来充满希望。故选A项。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the family letters, Fu Cong was also advised to read famous Chinese texts. When reading these books, Fu Cong was told to connect ideas and feelings together, for that would help him become a better person. (在家书中，傅聪还被建议阅读中国名著。在阅读这些书的时候，傅聪被告知要把思想和感情联系起来，因为这将帮助他成为一个更好的人。)”可知，傅聪被告知要多读中国名著，阅读时要把思想和感情联系起来，这样有助于成为一个更好的人，由此可知，之所以建议傅聪读中国名著是因为这能帮助他成为一个更好的人。故选C项。
31．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Fu Lei’s Family Letters is a book of letters written by Chinese translator and writer Fu Lei to his elder son Fu Cong, who is a famous pianist.(《傅雷家书》是中国翻译家、作家傅雷写给著名钢琴家傅聪的家书。)”以及“Fu Min, Fu Lei’s younger son edited the letters and the book came out in 1981.(傅雷的小儿子傅敏编辑了这些信件，这本书于1981年出版。)”可知，《傅雷家书》是傅雷写给他儿子傅聪的家书，由他的小儿子傅敏编辑出版，结合下文讲述的该书的内容可知，文章介绍了《傅雷家书》，是中国翻译家和作家傅雷写给长子傅聪的一本书信集，由此可知，这篇文章最可能来自报纸。故选A项。
32．A 33．B 34．B 35．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了经常锻炼的中年女性在老年时罹患失智症的几率会大大降低。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智症） in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.”（新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。）可知，第一段提到了健身锻炼的好处。故选A项。
33．细节理解题。根据上文“These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia.”（这些发现令人兴奋，因为在中年时改善人们的心血管健康可能会延缓甚至防止他们患上痴呆症。）以及本段“For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity.”（在这项
研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，直到她们精疲力竭，以测量她们的心血管峰值能力。）可知，做这项实验的目的是为了测试女性的心血管峰值能力。故选B项。
34．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades.”（这些女性在随后的四十年里测试了六次失智症状况。）可知，此次实验的数据收集是一个长期的过程。故选B项。
35．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智症） in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.”（新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。）以及文章后面几段通过列举实验目的、过程、方式、结果等，说明了身体健康的中年女性在老年时患失智症的几率会大大降低。故选C项。
【点睛】
36．D 37．B 38．E 39．G 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Michael Leviton生长在一个对于诚实有着严格要求的家庭，导致他在小学时和工作的时候遇到了一些麻烦，因此渐渐地，他也变成了一个带有“礼貌性的谎言”的人。
36．根据空前“His family believed that it was important to reveal what was on your mind. If someone asked, “How are you ” the moral response was to say exactly how you were feeling and not brush the question off with a “fine” or “good.”（他的家人认为说出你的真实想法很重要。如果有人问你“你感觉如何？”，正确的回答就是说出你的真实感觉，而不是只用“不错”或者“很好”来敷衍这个问题。）”可知，空前讲述了的家人对于诚实的要求很严格，就连别人随便的一句问候，都应如实回答，因此D项“当你感觉不太好的时候，回答感觉不错就是一种谎言”符合，D项中的“Pretending you were happy”与空前的问题“How are you ”相呼应，即使假装你很高兴也是撒谎，故选D项。
37．根据空后“Leviton would accuse his teachers of unfairly targeting black kids, but those same kids, while grateful he defended them, found his bluntness (直率) awkward.（Leviton会指控他的老师不公平地对待黑人小孩，但是这些小孩尽管会因为他为他们辩护而感激他，但是他们同样也会因他的直率而感到难堪。）”可知，空后举例说明同学有时会因为他的直率而感到不舒
适，故B项“其他孩子也发现很难与他在一起交朋友”符合，空后具体说明其他孩子对他的直率会感到不舒适，因此很难与他在一起，故选B项。
38．根据空后“If a potential employer asked him about his flaws, Leviton would spare no detail.（如果一个潜在的老板问他关于他的缺点，他也会细细道来。）”可知，本句是E项“作为成年人，Leviton的彻底诚实可能会毁掉面试。”的顺义承接，空后具体说明是如何毁掉面试的，故选E项。
39．根据空前“Gradually, Leviton came to realize that constantly revealing his true feelings could have negative impacts.（渐渐地，Leviton开始意识到，表达出自己的真实感受可能会带来消极影响。）”及空后“He began to reply “fine” when people asked him how he was doing.（当人们问他感觉如何时，他开始回复“不错”了。）”可知，空前他意识到了真实地表达自己会有消极影响，空后说明他发生了改变，故G项“他开始变得不那么诚实了，并且学会了隐藏自己的感受”符合，承接上文，因为意识到了有不好的结果，所以开始变得不那么诚实了，并且引出后文具体如何隐藏自己的感受，故选G项。
40．根据空后“with just a bit of polite lying and better timing with the truth.（带有一点“礼貌性的谎言”以及选择在更好的时机说真话。）”可知，空后说明Leviton现在的状态，生活中不再时刻说真话，而是需要说的时候就说，不需要的时候，就礼貌性的回复一下，且此空谓语全文最后一句话，故A项“现在，Leviton说他的生活变得更好一些了”符合，放在全文末尾，总结Leviton的生活变得更好了，空后说明现在更好的生活具体是什么样的，故选A项。
41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．B 53．C 54．D 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者回忆自己和祖母之间的故事，特别是祖母的烘焙技艺和对她们的爱，以及作者如何通过烘焙来缅怀祖母。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了赚钱，她开始在一家面包店工作。A. working工作；B. painting绘画；C. volunteering自愿做；D. singing唱歌。根据前文“To make money”可知，为了赚钱，应是在一家面包店工作。故选A项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在两三年的时间里，她全身心地投入到制作甜点中，成为了一名出色的面包师。A. ordering要求；B. selling出售；C. creating创造；D. choosing选择。根据后文“became an excellent baker”可知，祖母成为了一名出色的面包师，所以应是她全身
心地投入到制作甜点中。故选C项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她遇到了我的祖父，结了婚，生了两个孩子：我的母亲和我的叔叔。A. tired疲倦的；B. married结婚的；C. paid付费的；D. dressed穿着衣服的。根据后文“and had two children”可知，祖母遇到了祖父，结了婚然后生了两个孩子。故选B项。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小时候，祖父母对我们非常好，特别是在吃的方面。A. training训练；B. reading阅读；C. playing演奏；D. eating吃。根据后文“my grandmother always made sure to serve dessert after every single meal”可知，后文都是在讲述祖母为“我们”做不同的甜点，所以应是在吃东西的方面。故选D项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们经常在周末和他们住在一起，作为一名出色的厨师和甜食爱好者，我的祖母总是确保在每顿饭后都上甜点。A. sweet甜的；B. missing丢失的；C. gold金色的；D. healthy健康的。根据后文“my grandmother always made sure to serve dessert after every single meal”可知，祖母总是确保在每顿饭后都上甜点，所以是甜食爱好者，sweet tooth意为“喜好甜食”符合语境。故选A项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个星期天给我们做不同的甜点成了她的传统。A. need需要；B. mistake错误；C. tradition传统；D. shame羞愧。根据后文“make us a different dessert every Sunday”可知，每个星期天给“我们”做不同的甜点，也就是有规律的做某事，应是传统。故选C项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在所有甜点中，我和妹妹阿德里亚娜最喜欢papanasi，这是一种用甜牛奶酪制成的罗马尼亚传统甜点。A. used使用；B. explained解释；C. knew知道；D. liked 喜欢。根据后文“Every time I make papanasi I 12 her”可知，作者总是作papanasi，所以应是她和妹妹最喜欢papanasi。故选D项。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我搬到了加拿大，我的家人发现找到一种适合做papanasi的奶酪很有挑战性。A. challenging挑战性的；B. interesting有趣的；C. dangerous危险的；D. popular受喜爱的。根据后文“finally found the 11 cheese”可知，最终找到合适的奶酪，推知，在加拿大找到一种适合做papanasi的奶酪很有挑战性。故选A项。
49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在罗马尼亚，农贸市场上总是有新鲜的牛奶酪，我们很容易买到这种奶酪。A. secretly秘密地；B. probably可能；C. easily容易地；D. finally最后。根据前文“there was always fresh cow cheese at the farmers market”可知，农贸市场上总是有新鲜
的牛奶酪，所以是很容易买到这种奶酪。故选C项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我像我祖母一样完善了我的烘焙技术，终于找到了合适的奶酪时，这个食谱就变得恰到好处了。A. perfected使完美；B. forgot忘记；C. considered认为；D. doubted怀疑。根据后文“my baking skills like my grandmother”结合前文内容可知，祖母全身心地投入到制作甜点中，成为了一名出色的面包师，所以此处作者和祖母一样，应是完善了她的烘焙技术。故选A项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我像我祖母一样完善了我的烘焙技术，终于找到了合适的奶酪时，这个食谱就变得恰到好处了。A. cheap便宜的；B. right合适的；C. old老的；D. famous著名的。根据前文“After moving to Canada when I was a young girl, my family found it 8 to find a suitable cheese for the recipe (食谱) for papanasi.”可知，在加拿大找到一种适合做papanasi的奶酪很有挑战性，结合空前的finally，推知应是终于找到了合适的奶酪。故选B项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就好像我能看到她和我一起在房间里鼓掌欢呼。A. sleeping睡觉；B. cheering欢呼；C. exercising锻炼；D. cleaning打扫。根据前文“clapping and”可知，空处和clapping并列，结合选项，应是“cheering欢呼”符合语境。故选B项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，烘焙已经成为我纪念她的方式。A. helping帮助；B. changing改变；C. honoring纪念；D. guiding指导。根据前文“My grandmother passed away when I was 9.”可知，祖母去世了，所以是烘焙成为作者纪念她的方式。故选C项。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每次我做papanasi，我都会想起她。A. depend on依靠；B. agree with同意；C. wait for等待；D. think of想起。根据前文“Over the years, baking has become my way of 13 her.”可知，烘焙成为作者纪念祖母的方式，所以每次作者做papanasi，都会想起她。故选D项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：岁月流逝，但通过这份食谱，我们将永远拥有彼此。A. hate憎恨；B. have拥有；C. fight战斗；D. trust相信。根据前文“Family recipes and the love within them are not limited to space and time.”可知，家庭食谱和其中的爱不受时间和空间的限制，所以通过这份食谱，“我们”将永远拥有彼此。故选B项。
56．located 57．Originally 58．was ordered 59．into 60．height 61．which 62．reflecting 63．views 64．or 65．an
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大雁塔的历史。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：长安塔，又称大雁塔，是位于中国西安的一座建筑奇观。动词locate和wonder之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填located。
57．考查副词。句意：长安塔始建于7世纪的唐朝，是一座佛塔，里面存放着玄奘和尚从印度带来的佛教材料。空处修饰动词built，应用副词形式，首字母应大写，故填Originally。
58．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它的建造是由高宗下令的，目的是推广佛教，促进佛经的汉译。结合空后的by Emperor Gaozong可知，主语construction和动词order之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was ordered。
59．考查介词。句意同上。the translation of…into…“……到……的翻译”，固定搭配，故填into。
60．考查名词。句意：高达64米的方形十三层楼展示了中国古代工匠的精湛技艺，每一层楼都展现出独特的建筑特色，反映了当时的文化影响。结合空前的a可知，空处应填名词作宾语，height“高度”，名词，故填height。
61．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是tower，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。动词reflect和逻辑主语unique architectural features之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填reflecting。
63．考查名词复数。句意：游客可以登上内部楼梯到达顶部，欣赏城市的壮丽景色。view“风景”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填views。
64．考查连词。句意：无论是体验一段历史，还是探索文化奇观，长安塔都是探索中国辽阔历史景观的重要目的地。whether…or…“无论……还是……”，固定短语，故填or。
65．考查冠词。句意：无论是体验一段历史，还是探索文化奇观，长安塔都是探索中国辽阔历史景观的重要目的地。destination是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且essential是以元音音素开头，故填an。
66．Dear fellow students,
I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club. Our club is dedicated to promoting sustainable practices and raising the awareness of environmental protection.
The use of plastics on our campus has reached alarming levels, leading to significant environmental consequences. Single-use plastic items, such as water bottles, food containers, and
plastic bags, are widely used and thrown away, contributing to pollution and waste.
To address this issue, I would like to propose two concrete measures. First, we suggest using a waste sorting system, which will encourage students to separate plastic waste from other trash. In addition, it’s recommended that reusable and eco-friendly shopping bags should be provided in school stores and canteens, thereby reducing the demand for plastic bags.
In the light of the above, we kindly request your support and attention to this matter. Let’s work together to create a more sustainable and plastic-free campus.
The School Environmental Protection Club
【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作。要求考生根据所给提示，为学校英文报纸写一封倡议书。要点如下：1. 简要介绍你所在的校园环保社团；2.指出校园塑料大量使用的情况；3. 发出减少塑料使用的倡议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
致力于：be dedicated to→be devoted to
保护：protection→preservation
此外：in addition→besides/additionally/furthermore/moreover
提供：provide→supply
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club. Our club is dedicated to promoting sustainable practices and raising the awareness of environmental protection.
拓展句：I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club, which is dedicated to promoting sustainable practices and raising the awareness of environmental protection.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, we suggest using a waste sorting system, which will encourage students to separate plastic waste from other trash. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】In addition, it’s recommended that reusable and eco-friendly shopping bags should be provided in school stores and canteens, thereby reducing the demand for plastic bags. (运用了that引导的主语从句和现在分词作结果状语)
67．Paragraph 1：
Tony rushed back to Honey House, out of breath, only to find the owner of the store was going to close the door. Seeing Tony, he told him to come the next day. But Tony didn’t give up
and explained all to the owner. Hearing Tony’s explanation, the owner opened the bag to check the mangoes. To Tony’s disappointment, they were not enough to exchange a lovely doll. He was walking out with tears rolling down his face when the owner stopped him and finally agreed because of his love for his sister. After giving many thanks, Tony got his sister a dream present.
Paragraph 2：
The following morning, Alice walked into the kitchen and took a seat at the breakfast table. She noticed a beautiful box on the table. Curious, she opened the box carefully. To her great surprise, she found the doll she had been dreaming of for a long time. When Tony said happy birthday to her, Alice couldn’t help crying and hugged him tightly. Touched by the warm atmosphere, their parents smiled with pleasure, knowing their son had grown up and was reliable enough to take care of his sister.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Tony想给妹妹Alice买一个新娃娃作为生日礼物，于是想要通过芒果来换取礼物，最终店主同意芒果换新娃娃，Alice得到了梦寐以求的娃娃，他们的父母被温暖的氛围感动了，高兴地笑了，知道儿子已经长大了，可以放心地照顾妹妹了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Tony上气不接下气地跑回蜂蜜屋，却发现店主正要关门。”可知，第一段可描写Tony到店里买娃娃的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，Alice走进厨房，在早餐桌旁坐下。”可知，第二段可描写Alice收到礼物后的反应。
2.续写线索：Tony来到商店买礼物——店主同意芒果交换娃娃——Alice收到礼物——Alice感动——父母感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
回去：rush back to/ go back to
放弃：give up/ quit
照顾：take care of /attend to
情绪类
可爱：lovely /cute
快乐：pleasure / joy
【点睛】[高分句型1] Tony rushed back to Honey House, out of breath, only to find the owner of the store was going to close the door. (运用了不定式作结果状语)
[高分句型2] When Tony said happy birthday to her, Alice couldn’t help crying and hugged him tightly. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
