2024年中考英语（短文首字母填空）模拟真题速递(上海专用)（含解析）

短文首字母填空10篇
（2024·上海杨浦·三模）Fill in the blanks with proper words. (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，首字母已给。)
If you can’t go to school, the school comes to you!
In India, some children work to help their parents. These children often work at railway stations. They sell things to the people who travel on the trains. It is difficult for them to go to school as they work during the day. But, thanks to train platform schools, these children can now get an e 1 .
At train platform schools, the children don’t go to a school to study. A teacher comes to the train station where they work. The children arrive at the train station very early in the morning and work for a couple of hours. Then, at eight o’clock, they start school.
They sit with their classmates and the teacher on the platform and learn different subjects. Train platform schools are like t 2 schools in many ways. For example, the students at train platform schools study Maths, Art and English. However, they a 3 study practical subjects. For example, they have lessons in mutrition[l] and how to help people if they are ill. These subjects are useful for their home life. Students have lunch at around 11:15 a. m., then the school day e 4 at noon. Students play games together before they go back to work later in the afternoon.
Train platform schools don’t have computers. If students want to know something, they have to ask the teacher or look in a b 5 . They can’t just log on and find the information on the internet. They don’t have a library either—the teachers bring everything with them. And there aren’t any school trips, because it isn’t p 6 at the train platform schools. Of course, the teachers at train platform schools are v 7 —they work for free.
The first train platform school opened in 1985. Now there are many platform schools all over India with thousands of students. The teachers who work there believe that it is important for all children to have the chance to learn. They believe that if a child can’t go to school, then the school must come to the child.
Word box[1] nutrition n. 营养
（2024·上海长宁·二模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母己给。
Back in New York, I am fighting fires as the assistant captain of a volunteer fire company.
I still remember my first fire. I was the s 8 volunteer on the scene. The captain was talking with the homeowner, who was standing outside at midnight, in the pouring rain and under an umbrella, barefoot, while her house was on fire. She was surely having one of the w 9 days of her life.
The other volunteer, who had arrived just before me, was asked to go inside and save the homeowner’s dog. The captain then waved me over. He said, “Bezos, I need you to go upstairs and get this woman a pair of shoes.” This was not exactly what 1 was hoping for, but I went up the stairs, past the f 10 , who were almost done putting out the fire at this point, into the bedroom to get a pair of shoes.
Now I know what you’re thinking, but I’m no hero. (Laughter) I carried the shoes d 11 . There I met the other volunteer with the precious dog. We took our treasures (珍宝) outside to the homeowner. Not surprisingly, his treasure r 12 much more attention than mine.
A few weeks later, the company got a letter from the homeowner thanking us for saving her home. In the letter she described the act of k 13 —someone had even gotten her a pair of shoes.
Not every day is going to offer us a chance to save somebody’s life, but every day offers us a chance to a 14 one. So get in the game. Save the shoes.
（2024·上海崇明·二模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Walk to School Week takes place from 15 to 19 May. As well as being better for the environment, regular walking can improve your body and mind.
Why is walking good for you
Have you ever noticed you have more energy after a walk According to experts, walking isn’t just good for your p 15 health, but it can also clear your mind, sharpen your senses and lift your mood. In fact, many people c 16 walking “one of the great superpowers” because it makes your brain work harder. Making walks part of your daily routine (日常事) means you can use this superpower more o 17 .
How do you make the most of your walks
Walking with friends or family is a great opportunity to catch up (叙旧) and t 18 about your daily life, including any friendship or homework worries. If there is a field or a park on the way, you can make a game when you try to find a different bird or insect every day. Walking along pavements is a chance to practise road safety skills and make you know better about t 19 rules. It’s also an opportunity to get to know your neighbourhood better.
What will you do if you can’t walk all the way to school
Not everyone can get to school on foot but there are lots of ways to make walking or exercise part of your daily routine. If you catch a bus, try getting off a stop e 20 and walking the rest of the way. Fewer cars outside the school gates will also mean l 21 pollution in the air, which is good for everybody and the planet too.
（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给).
Pompeii (庞贝) is world-famous and attracts millions of tourists every year. However, the site has been in t 22 in recent years.
Relic (遗迹) hunters have been digging tunnels under Pompeii so they can s 23 items to sell. The w 24 isn’t just about things being stolen. If these tunnels fall down, they could injure people visiting the site.
Human guards at the site have been exploring the tunnels but they are often too n 25 to easily enter. They can also be dangerous as they might fall down at any moment.
This is where Spot, a dog-like robot, steps in. At nighttime, when there are no visitors, Spot will walk around the ancient city looking for hidden tunnels. With a c 26 and light attached (固定), Spot can enter the small tunnels and give a l 27 broadcast of what it can see. With its four stable (稳固的) legs, it is also able to carefully walk across the cobbled streets (鹅卵石路) of Pompeii and e 28 climb stairs.
So who knows, if Spot is successful, there might soon be more futuristic robots wandering around ancient sites.
（2024·上海青浦·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。)
Dear past humans,
I am writing to you from the future, a time beyond your imagination. I want to share with you what our world has become and how it differs from the one you live in.
Firstly, let me tell you that we have made incredible (难以置信的) progress in many a 29 . Medicine has advanced to the point where we have found ways to deal with almost every disease that once caused pains or troubles. We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources and have r 30 our impact (影响) on the environment greatly. We have also made big progress in AI (artificial intelligence) (人工智能) and space exploration, allowing us to unlock the mysteries of the universe.
However, despite all these things, our world still faces many c 31 . The gap between rich and poor has grown wider and many people still struggle to make ends meet. Climate change has caused many natural disasters and forced many people to leave their homes. And while our efforts on artificial intelligence are proved to be a big step f 32 , we must be careful to make sure that it does not cause harm to humanity.
But perhaps the most important thing I want to share with you is that we have realized the importance of being r 33 . We have come to understand that our actions and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we call home. We are working together to build a more reasonable fair world where everyone has chances
to get the resources they need. I hope that you can take these l 34 to heart and fight for yourselves and the future. The choices you make today will have an impact on generations to come. Let us work together to build a b 35 tomorrow.
Yours sincerely,
A future human
（2024·上海虹口·二模） Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Have you ever been stuck for words Knowing what to say and when to say it isn’t always easy—but we can learn, practise and improve.
What does communication mean
Communication is how we s 36 information and it helps us connect with others. When you have a conversation with someone, you’re not just exchanging words. You are also expressing yourself by controlling your voice and using body language. Conversation s 37 include starting conversations, using eye contact, knowing what to talk about and taking turns to speak and listen.
What are the b 38 of conversation
Having a conversation is great for exchanging thoughts and feelings. Listening helps you to discover new ideas and understand other people’s feelings because you are seeing things t 39 someone else’s eyes. Radio presenter Emma Barnett says, “Of all the many different ways we communicate, talking sends out your message best because it’s easier to understand what someone a 40 means. Good communication opens up understanding, feeling and emotion.”
What makes a good conversation
Taking turns to talk is an essential part of a conversation. Some people have a lot to say; others need encouragement to speak, so make sure e 41 has a chance to join in. Listen carefully to what the other person is saying and don’t be afraid to ask questions or express your opinions. Body language sends out messages about how we feel, so make sure you look at someone while speaking to them. If you see them nodding and smiling, this means they’re showing i 42 . If they are looking away, it could mean they want to end the conversation. Advice expert Annalisa Barbieri believes listening is the most important part of a conversation. “It’s all about paying attention,” she says.
（2024·上海普陀·二模）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Every year, there are 400 or more bad storms and other natural disasters around the world. These disasters kill 90,000 people. Other 200 million people were seriously hurt. When people know a storm is coming, they leave for shelters or s 43 areas. But what happens to the animals D 44 for Animals
During storms and other disasters, animals cannot usually go to shelters without help. Storms can hurt animals in different ways. High water in streets and houses can kill dogs and cats. Electrical wires fall in the water and kill fish. Strong winds push birds far away from their homes.
Why don’t people take their animals with them Some shelters don’t have enough space or don’t take pets. Sometimes, t 45 things can happen. In 2005, 600,000 pets died in New Orleans, USA, during Hurricane (飓风) Katrina because their owners left them behind. The animals couldn’t swim. They didn’t have food, either.Ways to Help
Many people help animals before, during, and after disasters. Before storms, some volunteers w 46 people to take pets and farm animals to the shelters. During a storm, they look for animals and save them. Some volunteers also help wild animals, such as birds, deer and even koalas in Australia. They give the animals m 47 care. After the storm, many pets and wild animals are scared and get wounded. High water is very dirty and can make animals sick. They give the animals medicine. They help the animals feel better.R 48 to Help
Animals are part of our communities and they should get help from people. Most people don’t want animals to die. It’s expensive to lose farm animals. Also, dead animals bring disease. In addition, some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster. T 49 , taking care of animals during storms is important. This helps the animals, and it helps people, too.
（2024·上海黄浦·二模）The power of hope
Spring is on the way with warmer days ahead, and we look forward to something good in the future. Keeping a sense of hope helps you to feel c 50 and happy. This is because hope gives us the power to remain strong-minded, even when things don’t go our way.
What is hope
Hope is a belief that things will i 51 . It’s more than just wishful thinking; hope means taking action and believing you have the ability to reach your goals.“When I’m hopeful, I see the bright s 52 in myself,” says 8-year-old Jonah. “It feels good to be hopeful.”
How is hope good for us
Snyder called hope a “rainbow of the m 53 ,” because it “makes us think of what is possible”. Being hopeful about something, like trying out a new sport or hobby, takes courage because you’re taking a step into the unknown. This helps you work out what’s important to you, as well as making you more confident. Studies show that being hopeful also helps you learn better at school, and feel l 54 worried.
How can I be more hopeful
Hope is a skill you can d 55 . You can start by working towards a goal that’s important to you, then thinking up different ways to achieve it. So if you hope to be a chef one day, for example, try to learn one new recipe a week. If you feel hopeless, turn to people who have already succeeded. If necessary, tell someone who supports you, so they can give you a helping hand. Finally, picture y 56 achieving your goal. Picturing success in the future is hope in action.
（2024·上海松江·一模）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Plants “Talk”
Scientists have known for years that plants respond to sounds around them. But now scientists in Israel have shown that plants also seem to be doing some “talking”.
Professor Hadany and her team at Aviv University set up microphones to r 57 tomato plants under different situations. The result showed that the plants made ultrasonic sounds (超声波) . When the researchers changed the sounds into ones that humans could hear, they heard sharp clicking noises (咔哒声) .
As the scientists studied the sounds, they notice the regularity. Plants h 58 clicked when they had enough water. But as their soil (土壤) got drier, they began to click.
When scientists cut off a stem from the plants, the plants also clicked more. But the clicking wasn’t the same as when the plants needed water. The result suggests that researchers may one day be able to use a plant’s sounds to find out when it is having trouble, and what trouble it is having. That could be very helpful to f 59 .
The other research has shown that plants also make sounds to communicate in some ways. When insects a
60 a plant, it will give a warning to its neighbours. Soon, nearby plants start to make chemicals that don’t taste good to insects. It’s an effective way for plants to p 61 themselves.
Then here is a question: Is anything listening to the plants Dr. Hadany points out that mice who live on plants can hear the sounds. The clicks may tell them whether a plant has problems. If the plant isn’t h 62 , they will avoid it.
As Dr. Hadany says, “Even in a quiet field, there are actually sounds that we don’t hear, and those sounds carry i 63 . The team’s research has already changed our ideas about plants.”
（23-24九年级上·上海闵行·期末）Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使其内容通顺。每 空格限填一词, 首字母已给)
People want to know if pre-made meals are healthy enough for teenagers. Pre-made meals refer to half-finished or finished dishes that are already cooked or prepared, according to the China Cuisine Association (中国烹饪协会). There are several kinds of pre-made foods: ready-to-eat food, such as canned food or cooked food in packages, and ready-to-heat or ready-to-cook food. These foods usually r 64 heating or cooking first before being served.
Many people think that pre-made foods are less healthy because they usually need to be kept in f 65 . “In fact, freezing itself does not cause nutrition (营养) loss,” Liu Junya, a 33-year-old professor in diet in Beijing said. “But nutrition loss does happen when we heat or fry the food.
Vitamins B and C in meat and vegetables can be lost during that p 66 . By being heated or cooked twice or more, pre-made foods can be less nutritious than freshly prepared and cooked foods,” Liu said.
“B 67 , many pre-made food companies put the taste of food ahead of nutrition,” said Liu. This leads to higher level of salt and sugar in the food and may cause serious health problems in the long term.
Additives (添加剂) are a 68 problem related to pre-made foods. They are mainly used to improve the flavour of the food, as well as to keep it, increase its shelf life, and color it. In China, food industry has already had modern technology to keep pre-made foods without any additives. In this way some food can be kept for a longer time. But it’s n 69 that customers only buy pre-made foods from big and qualified (有资质的) food
companies or supermarkets.
It is hoped that laws on pre-made meals can ensure better nutrition and hygiene (卫生). “In this way we hope pre-made meals will be a 70 by more and will bring convenience instead of worries to people. But at present, no one can tell.” Liu said.
参考答案：
1．(e)ducation 2．(t)rue 3．(a)lso 4．(e)nds 5．(b)ook 6．(p)ossible 7．(v)olunteers
【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的火车站台学校。
1．句意：但是，多亏了火车站台学校，这些孩子现在可以接受教育了。根据“It is difficult for them to go to school as they work during the day.”可知，火车站台学校让这些孩子现在可以接受教育，education“教育”，空前有不定冠词an，名词用单数。故填(e)ducation。
2．句意：火车站台学校在很多方面和真正的学校很像。根据“For example, the students at train platform schools study Maths, Art and English.”可知，火车站台学校和真正的学校在很多方面很像，true“真正的”，作定语修饰schools。故填(t)rue。
3．句意：然而，他们也学习实用科目。根据“For example, the students at train platform schools study Maths, Art and English.”可知，除了学习数学、美术和英语等科目，他们也学习一些实用的科目，also“也”，用于句中。故填(a)lso。
4．句意：学生们在上午11点15分左右吃午饭，然后学校的一天在中午结束。根据“Students play games together before they go back to work later in the afternoon.”可知，学校在中午就放学了，end“结束”，符合语境；文章时态为一般现在时，主语“the school day”为单数，谓语动词用三单。故填(e)nds。
5．句意：如果学生想知道什么，他们必须问老师或看一本书。根据“If students want to know something, they have to ask the teacher or look in a”及首字母可知，如果学生想知道了解什么事情，他们不得不问老师，或者自己去查书；book“书”，名词，空前有不定冠词a，名词用单数。故填(b)ook。
6．句意：也没有任何学校旅行，因为这在火车站台的学校是不可能的。根据“And there aren’t any school trips, because it isn’t ... at the train platform schools.”及上文可知，火车站台学校不可能给学生提供学校旅行；空前有isn’t表示否定，故此处应用形容词possible“可能的”。故填(p)ossible。
7．句意：当然，火车站台学校的老师是志愿者——他们免费工作。根据“they work for free”可知，火车站台学校的老师是志愿者；volunteer“志愿者”，are后接复数volunteers。故填(v)olunteers。
8．(s)econd 9．(w)orst 10．(f)irefighters 11．(d)ownstairs 12．(r)eceived
13．(k)indness 14．(a)ffect
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者作为一名志愿者第一次参与救火的经历。
8．句意：我是第二个到达现场的志愿者。根据后文“The other volunteer, who had arrived just before me”及首字母可知，作者是第二个到达现场的志愿者，second“第二”符合题意。故填(s)econd。
9．句意：她无疑经历了她一生中最糟糕的一天。根据“The captain was talking with the homeowner, who was standing outside at midnight, in the pouring rain and under an umbrella, barefoot, while her house was on fire”及首字母可知，是经历了她一生中最糟糕的一天。空格处在句中修饰名词days，所以应填形容词，one of the+形容词最高级“……中最……之一”，固定句型，所以应填最高级worst“最糟糕的”。故填(w)orst。
10．句意：这完全不是我所希望的，但我走上楼梯，越过几乎已经扑灭了大火的消防队员，走进卧室拿一双鞋。 根据“who were almost done putting out the fire at this point”及首字母可知，是消防员，firefighter“消防员”，可数名词，空前无限定词，所以应填名词复数形式。故填(f)irefighters。
11．句意：我把鞋子拿下楼。根据前文“but I went up the stairs”及首字母可知，是下楼，downstairs“顺楼梯而下”，符合题意。故填(d)ownstairs。
12．句意：毫不奇怪，他的珍宝受到的关注比我的多得多。根据“much more attention than mine”及首字母可知，是收到关注，receive attention“受到关注”，结合前句中的took可知，该句为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式received。故填(r)eceived。
13．句意：她在信中描述了这一善举一有人甚至给她买了一双鞋。 根据“someone had even gotten her a pair of shoes”及首字母可知，此处指善举，kindness“善举”，此处特指“有人甚至给她买了一双鞋”这一善举，所以用名词单数形式。故填(k)indness。
14．句意：不是每天都有机会拯救他人的生命，但每天都有机会影响他人。根据“but every day offers us a chance to…one”及首字母可知，此处指影响，affect“影响”，动词。结合空前的不定式符号to可知，此处填动词原形。故填(a)ffect。
15．(p)hysical 16． (c)all 17．(o)ften 18．(t)alk 19．(t)raffic 20．(e)arly 21．(l)ess
【导语】本文介绍了5月15日至5月19日的步行去学校周，并讲述了步行的好处、如何最
大化地利用步行，以及如果不能全程步行去学校该怎么办。
15．句意：根据专家的说法，走路不仅有利于你的身体健康，还可以理清思路，增强感官，提升情绪。根据“ walking isn’t just good for your…health,”及首字母提示可知，这里指的是走路有利于身体健康，physical health意为“身体健康”。故填(p)hysical。
16．句意：事实上，许多人把走路称为“伟大的超能力之一”，因为它会让你的大脑更加努力地工作。根据“walking “one of the great superpowers””及首字母提示可知，这里是把走路称为“伟大的超能力之一”，call意为“称为”，这里是一般现在时，主语many people 是复数，因此谓语用动词原形。故填(c)all。
17．句意：把散步作为你日常生活的一部分意味着你可以更频繁地使用这种超能力。根据“you can use this superpower more”及首字母提示可知，这里指你可以更频繁地使用这种超能力，more often意为“更频繁地”。故填(o)ften。
18．句意：与朋友或家人一起散步是一个很好的机会，可以了解并谈论你的日常生活，包括任何友谊或家庭作业方面的担忧。根据“about your daily life, including any friendship or homework worries.”及首字母提示可知，这里是谈论你的日常生活，talk about意为“谈论”，此处用动词原形。故填(t)alk。
19．句意：沿着人行道行走是一个练习道路安全技能的机会，让你更好地了解交通规则。根据“practise road safety skills”及首字母提示可知，这里指更好地了解交通规则，traffic rules意为 “交通规则”。故填(t)raffic。
20．句意：如果你乘公共汽车，试着早点下车，走完剩下的路。根据“walking the rest of the way.”及首字母提示可知，这里是早点下车，early意为“早”。故填(e)arly。
21．句意：学校大门外的汽车数量减少也意味着空气污染减少，这对每个人和地球都有好处。根据“Fewer cars outside the school gates”及首字母提示可知，这里指空气污染减少，less意为“更少”。故填(l)ess。
22．(t)rouble 23．(s)earch 24．(w)orry 25．(n)arrow 26．(c)amera 27．(l)ive 28．(e)asily
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了举世闻名的庞贝古城近来陷入了困境：一方面，文物猎人一直在庞贝古城下面挖掘隧道寻找文物出售；另一方面，人们担心这些隧道倒塌，可能会伤害到参观该遗址的游客。于是，为了保护古代遗址，机器人Spot登场了，在古城周围走动，寻找隐藏的隧道，进入隧道，进行现场直播。相信不久的未来，会有更多的机器
人参与进来。
22．句意：然而，该古城遗址近年来一直陷入困境。结合“Relic hunters have been digging tunnels under Pompeii”和首字母“t”可知，此处是指该遗址处于困境中，考查in trouble“处于困境中”，介词短语。故填(t)rouble。
23．句意：文物猎人一直在庞贝古城下面挖掘隧道，这样他们就可以寻找物品出售。结合“Relic hunters have been digging tunnels under Pompeii”和首字母“s”可知，此处是指挖掘隧道寻找文物出售；search“搜寻”，动词；根据空前“can”可知，此处用动词原形。故填(s)earch。
24．句意：担心的不仅仅是东西被偷。结合下文“If these tunnels fall down, they could injure people visiting the site.”和首字母“w”可知，此处是指人们担心的事情；worry“令人担心的事”，可数名词；根据谓语“isn’t”可知，此处应用名词单数形式。故填(w)orry。
25．句意：现场的人类警卫一直在探索这些隧道，但它们往往太窄，不容易进入。结合“the tunnels but they are often too … to easily enter”和首字母“n”可知，此处是指隧道窄了，不容易进去；narrow“狭窄的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故填(n)arrow。
26．句意：有了摄像头和灯，Spot可以进入小隧道，并对它所看到的进行现场直播。结合“broadcast”和首字母“c”可知，此处是指Spot安装有摄像头；camera“照相机；摄像头”，可数名词；根据空前不定冠词a可知，此处应用名词单数形式。故填(c)amera。
27．句意：有了摄像头和灯，Spot可以进入小隧道，并对它所看到的进行现场直播。结合“give a … broadcast”和首字母“l”可知，此处是指现场直播，live“现场直播的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词broadcast。故填(l)ive。
28．句意：有了四条稳定的腿，它还能小心翼翼地穿过庞贝的鹅卵石街道，轻松地爬上楼梯。结合上文“With its four stable legs, it is also able to carefully walk across the cobbled streets”和首字母“e”可知，此处是指Spot可以轻松爬楼梯，应用副词easily“容易地，轻松自如地”修饰动词climb，在句中作状语。故填(e)asily。
29．(a)reas/aspects 30．(r)educed 31．(c)hallenges 32．(f)orward 33．(r)esponsible 34．(l)essons 35．(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter
【导语】本文主旨是分享未来人类对于他们所取得进步的认识，以及仍然面临的挑战，特别是贫富差距、气候变化和人工智能带来的问题。同时，强调了负责任的重要性，并鼓励现在的人们做出合理和公平的选择，为构建一个更美好的未来而共同努力。
29．句意：首先，我要告诉大家，我们在很多方面都取得了令人难以置信的进步。根据下文
提到的“Medicine has advanced to the point”、“We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources”以及“We have also made big progress in AI”，再结合首字母提示可知，这里说的是在很多方面取得了进步。故填(a)reas/(a)spects。
30．句意：我们学会了使用清洁、可再生能源，大大减少了我们对环境的影响。根据文中的内容“use clean, renewable energy sources”以及空格后的“our impact (影响) on the environment greatly.”可知，因为使用了清洁、可再生资源，所以对环境的影响大大减小了。观察句子结构可知，本句时态是现在完成时，根据首字母提示可知，空格所填词为reduced。故填(r)educed。
31．句意：然而，尽管如此，我们的世界仍然面临许多挑战。根据下文的描述“The gap between rich and poor has grown wider and many people still struggle to make ends meet.”以及“Climate change has caused many natural disasters and forced many people to leave their homes.”可知，面临许多挑战。故填(c)hallenges。
32．句意：虽然我们在人工智能方面的努力被证明是向前迈出的一大步。本题考查短语a big step forward“向前迈了一大步”。故填(f)orward。
33．句意：我们已经认识到负责任的重要性。根据文中的“We have come to understand that our actions and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we call home.”可知，未来人类意识到了责任的重要性。空格处所填词是对来来人类行为的描述，需用形容词。故填(r)esponsible。
34．句意：我希望你能把这些教训牢记在心。本题考查take the lesson to heart“牢记教训”，所填词位于“these”之后，故填复数形式。故填(l)essons。
35．句意：让我们共同努力，建设更加美好的明天。根据“Let us work together to build”和空格后的名词“tomorrow”可知，句子说的是建设美好的明天。这里也暗含和过去相比较，根据首字母提示，空格处可以填bright/brighter/better。故填(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter。
36．(s)hare 37．(s)kills 38．(b)enefits 39．(t)hrough 40．(a)ctually 41．(e)veryone/(e)verybody 42．(i)nterest
【导语】本文主要介绍了通过学习、练习和提高，我们可以知道什么时候该说什么话。
36．句意：沟通是我们分享信息的方式，它帮助我们与他人联系。根据“Communication is how we s...information”可知，是指分享信息。share“分享”，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(s)hare。
37．句意：对话技巧包括开始对话，使用眼神交流，知道该说什么，轮流说和听。根据“starting conversations, using eye contact, knowing what to talk about and taking turns to speak and listen.”可知，这些都属于对话技巧。skill“技巧”，名词应用复数。故填(s)kills。
38．句意：对话的好处是什么？根据“Having a conversation is great for exchanging thoughts and feelings”和首字母可知，这里介绍对话的好处。benefit“好处”，结合are可知，名词应用复数。故填(b)enefits。
39．句意：倾听可以帮助你发现新的想法，理解别人的感受，因为你是在通过别人的眼睛看问题。根据“because you are seeing things t...someone else’s eyes”可知，是指通过别人眼睛看问题，应用介词through“通过”。故填(t)hrough。
40．句意：在所有不同的交流方式中，说话最能传达你的信息，因为它更容易理解别人的真正意思。根据“talking sends out your message best because it’s easier to understand what someone a...means”可知，通过说话，你可以确切地理解别人的意思。actually“确切地”，副词修饰动词。故填(a)ctually。
41．句意：其他人需要鼓励才能发言，所以要确保每个人都有机会加入。根据“Taking turns to talk is an essential part of a conversation.”可知，轮流交谈是谈话的重要组成部分。所以要确保每个人都有机会加入。everyone/everybody“每个人”。故填(e)veryone/(e)verybody。
42．句意：如果你看到他们点头和微笑，这意味着他们对你感兴趣。根据“If you see them nodding and smiling”可知，如果你看到他们点头和微笑，这表明他们感兴趣。interest“兴趣”，名词。故填(i)nterest。
43．(s)afe/(s)afer 44．(D)anger 45．(t)errible 46．(w)arn 47．(m)edical 48．(R)easons 49．(T)herefore
【导语】本文讲述了在面临自然灾害时，动物面临的危险，人类的帮助以及帮助的原因。
43．句意：当人们知道暴风雨即将来临时，他们会前往避难所或安全区域。根据“they leave for shelters”以及结合首字母，可知是指他们会前往避难所或安全区域。safe“安全的”或safer“更安全的”作定语，都符合语境，故填(s)afe/(s)afer。
44．句意：动物面临的危险。根据“Storms can hurt animals in different ways.”可知本段讲述的是动物面临的危险。“danger”在泛指“危险、风险”时，通常是作为不可数名词使用。故填(D)anger。
45．句意：有时候，可怕的事情可能会发生。根据“In 2005, 600,000 pets died in New Orleans, USA, during Hurricane (飓风) Katrina because their owners left them behind.”可知是指
可怕的事情可能会发生。terrible“可怕的”，作定语，故填(t)errible。
46．句意：暴风雨来临前，一些志愿者警告人们把宠物和农场动物带到避难所。根据“Before storms”以及首字母，可知是指一些志愿者警告人们把宠物和农场动物带到避难所。warn“警告”，主语是volunteers复数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。故填(w)arn。
47．句意：他们为这些动物提供医疗护理。根据“During a storm, they look for animals and save them.”以及首字母，可知是指他们为这些动物提供医疗处理。medical care“医疗处理”，故填(m)edical。
48．句意：帮助的原因。根据“Also, dead animals bring disease. In addition, some people die because they stay with their animals during a disaster.”以及本段内容，可知是指帮助的原因。reason“原因”，此处用复数表泛指，故填(R)easons。
49．句意：因此，在暴风雨中照顾动物很重要。根据“taking care of animals during storms is important.”以及结合首字母，可知是指因此，在暴风雨中照顾动物很重要。therefore“因此”，故填(T)herefore。
50．(c)alm 51．(i)mprove 52．(s)ide 53．(m)ind 54．(l)ess 55．(d)evelop 56．(y)ourself
【导语】本文主要讲了什么是希望、希望对人们的好处、我们如何充满希望。
50．句意：保持希望感可以帮助你感到冷静并快乐。根据“This is because hope gives us the power to remain strong-minded, even when things don’t go our way.”及首字母提示可知，希望感让人意志坚定，故空处指“冷静的”，其英文为calm，feel后跟形容词。故填(c)alm。
51．句意：希望是一种相信事情会好转的信念。根据“Hope is a belief that things will...”及首字母提示可知，空处指“提升，好转”，其英文为improve，will后跟动词原形。故填(i)mprove。
52．句意：“当我充满希望时，我会看到自己身上的光，”8 岁的乔纳说。根据“When I’m hopeful, I see the bright s...”及首字母提示可知，当我充满希望时，我看到自己身上有光。故空处指“边”，其英文为side，故填(s)ide。
53．句意：斯奈德称希望为“思想的彩虹”，因为它“让我们思考什么是可能的”。根据“because it ‘makes us think of what is possible’.”可知，它让我们思考什么是可能的，说明他认为希望是“思想的彩虹”，空处指“思想”，其应为mind。故填(m)ind。
54．句意：研究表明，充满希望还可以帮助你在学校学习得更好，并不那么担心了。根据
“...learn better at school,”可知，学习更好了，也没有那么多的担心了。故空处指“更少”，需用little的比较级less。故填(l)ess。
55．句意：希望是一种你能发展的技能。根据“You can start by working towards a goal that’s important to you, then thinking up different ways to achieve it. ”可知，有重要的目标后，就要想不同的方式实现它，在实现过程中，就会无形中发展了技能。故空处指“发展”，其英文为develop，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填(d)evelop。
56．句意：最后，想象你自己实现了你的目标。根据“picture y...achieving your goal”及首字母提示可知，空处指“你自己”，其英文为yourself。故填(y)ourself。
57．(r)ecord 58．(h)ardly 59．(f)armers 60．(a)ttack 61．(p)rotect 62．(h)ealthy 63．(i)nformation
【导语】本文主要介绍了植物能够发出声音，并且这些声音能够告诉人们植物遇到了什么问题。
57．句意：特拉维夫大学的Hadany教授和她的团队设置了麦克风来记录不同情况下的番茄植株。根据“tomato plants under different situations”可知是记录不同情况下的番茄植株，record“记录”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(r)ecord。
58．句意：当植物有足够的水时，它们几乎不会发出咔哒声。根据“But as their soil (土壤) got drier, they began to click.”可知当土壤干燥时，它们开始发出咔哒声，但是当有足够的水时，几乎不会发出咔哒声，hardly“几乎不”。故填(h)ardly。
59．句意：这对农民很有帮助。根据“researchers may one day be able to use a plant’s sounds to find out when it is having trouble, and what trouble it is having. That could be very helpful to”可知对植物的研究结果对农民有帮助，farmer“农民”，此处用名词复数。故填(f)armers。
60．句意：当昆虫攻击植物时，它会向邻居发出警告。根据“it will give a warning to its neighbours”可知是受到攻击时，会发出警告，attack“攻击”，when引导的从句用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(a)ttack。
61．句意：这是植物保护自己的有效方法。根据“It’s an effective way for plants to...themselves”可知附近的植物开始散发对昆虫来说味道不好的化学物质，这是植物在保护自己，protect“保护”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(p)rotect。
62．句意：如果这种植物不健康，它们就会避开它。根据“they will avoid it.”可知当植物不健康时，老鼠就会避开它，healthy“健康的”。故填(h)ealthy。
63．句意：即使在安静的田野里，实际上也有我们听不到的声音，这些声音传递着信息。根据“there are actually sounds that we don’t hear, and those sounds carry”可知这些声音传递着信息，information“信息”，不可数名词。故填(i)nformation。
64．(r)equire 65．(f)ridges 66．(p)rocess 67．(B)esides 68．(a)lso 69．(n)ecessary 70．(a)ccepted
【导语】本文是议论文。针对预制菜对于青少年来说是否健康进行谈论。
64．句意：这些食物通常需要在上菜前先加热或烹饪。根据“heating or cooking first before being served.”可知这些食物需要加热，“require”符合题意，上下文可知用一般现在时，主语为“these foods”，故动词用原形。故填(r)equire。
65．句意：许多人认为预制食品不太健康，因为它们通常需要保存在冰箱。根据“because they usually need to be kept in”可知把食物放在冰箱里，“fridge”符合题意，此处用复数。故填(f)ridges。
66．句意：在这个过程中，肉类和蔬菜中的维生素B和C可能会流失。根据“Vitamins B and C in meat and vegetables can be lost during that”可知是在加热这个过程过程中会流失维生素，根据首字母可知“process”符合题意。故填(p)rocess。
67．句意：此外，许多预制食品公司将食物的味道置于营养之上。根据“many pre-made food companies put the taste of food ahead of nutrition”以及前一段可知，本段是对预制菜的缺点的进一步叙述。根据首字母可知“besides”符合题意。故填(B)esides。
68．句意：添加剂也是与预制食品有关的问题。根据“problem related to pre-made foods”可知，本段是关于预制菜中添加剂的使用的，故是对缺点的进一步说明，根据首字母可知“also”符合题意。故填(a)lso。
69．句意：但顾客只从大型合格食品公司或超市购买预制食品是很有必要的。根据“that customers only buy pre-made foods from big and qualified (有资质的) food companies or supermarkets.”可知民众要从大公司购买预制菜，这是必要的，根据首字母可知“necessary”符合题意。故填(n)ecessary。
70．句意：通过这种方式，我们希望预制餐能被更多人接受，给人们带来方便而不是担忧。根据“we hope pre-made meals will be”可知是被更多的人接受，“accept”符合题意，此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填(a)ccepted。