Unit 8Is there a post office near here？
1
Is there a hospital near here 这儿附近有医院吗
near作介词,意为“在……附近”,属于方位介词。如:
There is a big hotel near the park.
那个公园附近有一家很大的宾馆。
【归纳】
常见的表示地点的介词(短语):
next to紧挨着
near 在……附近
beside/by在……旁边
behind 在……的后面
in front of在……前面
at the back of在……后面
under在……下面
on/over 在……上面
between...and... 在……和……之间
on the right (of...)在(……的)右边
on the left (of...)在(……的)左边
across from 在……对面
【对点训练】
The pay phone is _______Green Street.
A.to B.on
C.about D.of
答案B
2
It's across from the park.它在公园对面。
across from 表示“在……对面”,和opposite同义。如:
The bank is across from the school. 银行在学校对面。
【拓展】
across可以作介词,也可以作副词,意为“穿过;越过;从一边到另一边”,通常表示从物体表面穿过。如:
Can you swim across
你能游过去吗 (across作副词)
I'm helping an old man walk across the street.
我正在帮助一位老人走过马路。(across作介词)
辨析：（1）across、through、over的区别
across 表示从物体的表面穿过或过河等,常与之搭配的词有
street、road、river等
through 表示从某个立体空间穿过,常与之搭配的词有city、forest、door、tunnel、window等
over 表示从某物的上方越过或跨过
He is walking across the street.
他正在步行过马路。
The train is going through the tunnel.
火车要穿越隧道。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
（2） 辨析across, cross。
cross也表示“穿过”,但它是动词,而across是介词,walk/go across同cross。如:
Be careful when you go across the street.=Be careful when you cross the street.你过马路的时候要小心点。
【对点训练】
We must be careful when we go _____the street.
A.cross B.across C.through D.along
答案B
3
—Are there any restaurants near here 这附近有餐馆吗
—Yes, there's one in front of the post office. 有,邮局前面就有一家。
in front of是固定搭配,意为“在……前面”。如:
I can't see the blackboard because a tall boy is sitting in front of me.
我看不到黑板,因为一个高个子男孩正坐在我的前面。
辨析
in front of和in the front of的区别
in front of 指某场所或空间之外的前面
in the front of 指某场所或空间之内的前面
There is a big tree in front of the classroom.
教室前面有一棵大树。(树在教室的外面)
There is a student standing in the front of the classroom.
有一个学生正站在教室的前面。(学生在教室的里面)
【对点训练】
In the car，Joan sits _____Lin Tao，and the driver sits _____the car.
A.in front of；in front of
B.in the front of；in front of
C.in front of；in the front of
D.in the front of；in the front of
答案 C
4
To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on
Bridge Road.为了到达那里,我通常步行外出,在大桥路向右转。本句中动词不定式作目的状语,置于句首表强调。如:
To make more money, he often goes to bed late and gets up early.
为了挣更多的钱,他经常起早贪黑。
【对点训练】
You can take a plane _____to Beijing fast.
A.to going B.go C.going D.to go
答案D
5
To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road.为了到达那里,我通常步行外出,在大桥路向右转。
turn right意为“向右转”,反义短语turn left意为“向左转”。其中turn作动词,意为“转向”。如:
Turn right at the end of the street.
在街的尽头往右拐。
常见的turn短语有:
6
—Where are the pay phones？付费电话在哪里？
—They’re between the post office and the library.在邮局和图书馆之间。
【辨析】among与between
among 一般用于三者或三者以上的“……中间”。among one of可用来表示一个比较的范围，常与最高级连用
between 一般指两者之间，常用短语between…and…意为“……和……之间”
The police station is between the restaurant and the hospital.警察局在餐馆和医院之间。
He is the tallest among the students.他在学生中身高最高。
【对点训练】
The school is ____ the park and the bank.
A.between B.among C.next to D.in front of
答案A
7
It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.那儿很安静,我喜欢在那里读书。
enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,其中enjoy后若跟动词,只能跟动名词。如:
Most boys enjoy playing computer games.大多数男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。
有些动词后若跟动词,只能跟动名词作宾语。常见的此类搭配有:
【拓展】
enjoy的形容词形式为enjoyable，意为“使人愉快的”，其名词形式为enjoyment，意为“快乐；乐事”。
【对点训练】
I enjoy ______apples and pears.
A.eating B.eatting C.to eat D.eat
答案A
8
I like to spend time there on weekends.我喜欢在那里度过周末时光。
spend…( in)doing… 花费……做……
spend…on… 花费……在……上
Eg.He spends an hour( in) doing his homework.他花了一个小时做作业。
She spends half an hour on her shopping.她花了半小时逛街。
I spend 100 yuan on the dress.我花了一百元买这条裙子。
【辨析】take， cost， spend 与pay
单词 主语 固定用法
take it It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间
cost 物 sth.cost sb.some money其物花了某人多少钱
spend 人 sb.spend( s)/spent some money/time on sth.某人花多少钱/时间在某物上 sb.spend( s)/spent some time( in)doing sth.某人花多少时间做某事
pay 人 sb.pay( s)/paid some money for sth.某人为某物花了多少钱 sb.pay( s)/paid for sth.某人为某物付款
【对点训练】
Don't spend too much time ____ computer games.It's bad for your eyes.
A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays
答案C
9
I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.我喜欢看猴子爬来爬去。
see/watch…doing sth.看( 见)……正在做某事
Eg.I see him dancing in the room.我看到他正在房间里跳舞。
I watch her playing football on the playground.我看到她正在操场踢足球。
【辨析】see，watch， hear， notice + do sth./doing sth.
see，watch， hear，notice + sb.do sth.看/听/注意到某人做了某事( 全过程)
+ sb.doing sth.看/听/注意到某人正在做某事
【对点训练】
My uncle’s dog was in the garden. I saw it _______ under the tree.
A. to lie B. lying
C. lied D. is lying
答案B
10
I often exercise at the park because I love the clean air and sunshine.我经常在公园锻炼，因为我喜欢干净的空气和阳光。
【对点训练】
To keep fit，you should take more ____ such as doing morning _____and running.
A.exercise；exercise
B.exercises；exercises
C.exercise；exercises
答案C
There be 句型的用法。
Is there a post office near here 这里附近有一个邮局吗？
There be句型用于描述“某处有某人/某物”。
（1）肯定句：There is/are+主语+其他. 例如：
There is a boat on the lake. 湖上面有一条小船。
（2）否定句：There isn’t/aren’t+主语+其他. 例如：
There isn’t any milk at home. 家里没有牛奶了。
（3）一般疑问句：Is/Are there+主语+其他？肯定回答为“Yes,there is/are. ”；否定回答为“No, there isn’t/aren’t. ”。例如：
—Is there a cat on the tree 树上有一只猫吗？
—Yes, there is. 是的，有。
—No, there isn’t. 不，没有。
（4）特殊疑问句：疑问词+名词+is/are+there+其他？例如：
How many tigers are there in the zoo 动物园里有多少只老虎？
（1）there be句型中如果有some，其否定句和一般疑问句需将some改为any。
（2）如果be动词后面的主语为两个或两个以上的名词，be动词通常与离它最近的那个名词在数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。例如：
There are two apples and one banana on the table. 桌子上有两个苹果和一根香蕉。
There is one banana and two apples on the table. 桌子上有根香蕉和两个苹果。
【对点训练】
( ) （1）There aren’t ________ students in the classroom now.
A.some B.any C.little
( ) （2）There ________ a desk and two chairs in the room.
A.are B.have C.is
答案BC
课堂练习
一、单词拼写
1.I hope to travel_____( 在周围) the world some day.
2.The old woman walked _____ ( 穿过) the road carefully.
3.Becky is sitting______( 在……后面)me.
4.My grandmother lives in a small _____( 城镇).
5.There is a tall tree in______( 前面) of the house.
6.If you want to eat something，you must go to the ______( 餐馆).
7.There is a _____ ( 超市)near here，and we often go there to buy things.
8.We often get money from the ______( 银行).
9.We can borrow some books from the school_________( 图书馆).
10.A _______ ( 桥)is a road over a river for people to cross.
答案1around 2across 3behind 4town 5front 6restaurant 7supermarket 8bank 9 library 10 bridge
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. ______(go) along Bridge Street and turn left at New Park.
7.There ______(be) a hospital and two restaurants around here.
8.Go past the school and turn right at the ______（one） crossing.
9.There______（be not） any water in your glass.I'll get you some water.
10.There are many ______（bank） in our city.
答案1 Go 2 is 3 first 4 isn’t 6 banks
三、按要求完成句子。
1.There are some vegetables in the kitchen.（改为一般疑问句）
______ ______ ________vegetables in the kitchen
2.—Is there a lake in the neighborhood （作否定回答）
—______, _______ ________.
3.The post office is behind the police station.（改为同义句）
The police station is ______ ______ _______ the post office.
4.The supermarket is between the hotel and the bank.（对画线部分提问）
__________ ________the supermarket
答案
1Are there any
2No, there isn’t
3in front of
4.Where isUnit 8Is there a post office near here？
1
Is there a hospital near here 这儿附近有医院吗
near作介词,意为“在……附近”,属于方位介词。如:
There is a big hotel near the park.
那个公园附近有一家很大的宾馆。
【归纳】
常见的表示地点的介词(短语):
next to紧挨着
near 在……附近
beside/by在……旁边
behind 在……的后面
in front of在……前面
at the back of在……后面
under在……下面
on/over 在……上面
between...and... 在……和……之间
on the right (of...)在(……的)右边
on the left (of...)在(……的)左边
across from 在……对面
【对点训练】
The pay phone is_____Green Street.
A.to B.on
C.about D.of
2
It's across from the park.它在公园对面。
across from 表示“在……对面”,和opposite同义。如:
The bank is across from the school. 银行在学校对面。
【拓展】
across可以作介词,也可以作副词,意为“穿过;越过;从一边到另一边”,通常表示从物体表面穿过。如:
Can you swim across
你能游过去吗 (across作副词)
I'm helping an old man walk across the street.
我正在帮助一位老人走过马路。(across作介词)
辨析：（1）across、through、over的区别
across 表示从物体的表面穿过或过河等,常与之搭配的词有
street、road、river等
through 表示从某个立体空间穿过,常与之搭配的词有city、forest、door、tunnel、window等
over 表示从某物的上方越过或跨过
He is walking across the street.
他正在步行过马路。
The train is going through the tunnel.
火车要穿越隧道。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
（2） 辨析across, cross。
cross也表示“穿过”,但它是动词,而across是介词,walk/go across同cross。如:
Be careful when you go across the street.=Be careful when you cross the street.你过马路的时候要小心点。
【对点训练】
We must be careful when we go _____the street.
A.cross B.across C.through D.along
3
—Are there any restaurants near here 这附近有餐馆吗
—Yes, there's one in front of the post office. 有,邮局前面就有一家。
in front of是固定搭配,意为“在……前面”。如:
I can't see the blackboard because a tall boy is sitting in front of me.
我看不到黑板,因为一个高个子男孩正坐在我的前面。
辨析
in front of和in the front of的区别
in front of 指某场所或空间之外的前面
in the front of 指某场所或空间之内的前面
There is a big tree in front of the classroom.
教室前面有一棵大树。(树在教室的外面)
There is a student standing in the front of the classroom.
有一个学生正站在教室的前面。(学生在教室的里面)
【对点训练】
In the car，Joan sits _____Lin Tao，and the driver sits _____the car.
A.in front of；in front of
B.in the front of；in front of
C.in front of；in the front of
D.in the front of；in the front of
4
To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on
Bridge Road.为了到达那里,我通常步行外出,在大桥路向右转。本句中动词不定式作目的状语,置于句首表强调。如:
To make more money, he often goes to bed late and gets up early.
为了挣更多的钱,他经常起早贪黑。
【对点训练】
You can take a plane _____to Beijing fast.
A.to going B.go C.going D.to go
5
To get there, I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road.为了到达那里,我通常步行外出,在大桥路向右转。
turn right意为“向右转”,反义短语turn left意为“向左转”。其中turn作动词,意为“转向”。如:
Turn right at the end of the street.
在街的尽头往右拐。
常见的turn短语有:
6
—Where are the pay phones？付费电话在哪里？
—They’re between the post office and the library.在邮局和图书馆之间。
【辨析】among与between
among 一般用于三者或三者以上的“……中间”。among one of可用来表示一个比较的范围，常与最高级连用
between 一般指两者之间，常用短语between…and…意为“……和……之间”
The police station is between the restaurant and the hospital.警察局在餐馆和医院之间。
He is the tallest among the students.他在学生中身高最高。
【对点训练】
The school is ____ the park and the bank.
A.between B.among C.next to D.in front of
7
It is very quiet and I enjoy reading there.那儿很安静,我喜欢在那里读书。
enjoy doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,其中enjoy后若跟动词,只能跟动名词。如:
Most boys enjoy playing computer games.大多数男孩喜欢玩电脑游戏。
有些动词后若跟动词,只能跟动名词作宾语。常见的此类搭配有:
【拓展】
enjoy的形容词形式为enjoyable，意为“使人愉快的”，其名词形式为enjoyment，意为“快乐；乐事”。
【对点训练】
I enjoy ______apples and pears.
A.eating B.eatting C.to eat D.eat
8
I like to spend time there on weekends.我喜欢在那里度过周末时光。
spend…( in)doing… 花费……做……
spend…on… 花费……在……上
Eg.He spends an hour( in) doing his homework.他花了一个小时做作业。
She spends half an hour on her shopping.她花了半小时逛街。
I spend 100 yuan on the dress.我花了一百元买这条裙子。
【辨析】take， cost， spend 与pay
单词 主语 固定用法
take it It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间
cost 物 sth.cost sb.some money其物花了某人多少钱
spend 人 sb.spend( s)/spent some money/time on sth.某人花多少钱/时间在某物上 sb.spend( s)/spent some time( in)doing sth.某人花多少时间做某事
pay 人 sb.pay( s)/paid some money for sth.某人为某物花了多少钱 sb.pay( s)/paid for sth.某人为某物付款
【对点训练】
Don't spend too much time ____ computer games.It's bad for your eyes.
A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays
9
I love to watch the monkeys climbing around.我喜欢看猴子爬来爬去。
see/watch…doing sth.看( 见)……正在做某事
Eg.I see him dancing in the room.我看到他正在房间里跳舞。
I watch her playing football on the playground.我看到她正在操场踢足球。
【辨析】see，watch， hear， notice + do sth./doing sth.
see，watch， hear，notice + sb.do sth.看/听/注意到某人做了某事( 全过程)
+ sb.doing sth.看/听/注意到某人正在做某事
【对点训练】
My uncle’s dog was in the garden. I saw it _______ under the tree.
A. to lie B. lying
C. lied D. is lying
10
I often exercise at the park because I love the clean air and sunshine.我经常在公园锻炼，因为我喜欢干净的空气和阳光。
【对点训练】
To keep fit，you should take more ____ such as doing morning _____and running.
A.exercise；exercise
B.exercises；exercises
C.exercise；exercises
There be 句型的用法。
Is there a post office near here 这里附近有一个邮局吗？
There be句型用于描述“某处有某人/某物”。
（1）肯定句：There is/are+主语+其他. 例如：
There is a boat on the lake. 湖上面有一条小船。
（2）否定句：There isn’t/aren’t+主语+其他. 例如：
There isn’t any milk at home. 家里没有牛奶了。
（3）一般疑问句：Is/Are there+主语+其他？肯定回答为“Yes,there is/are. ”；否定回答为“No, there isn’t/aren’t. ”。例如：
—Is there a cat on the tree 树上有一只猫吗？
—Yes, there is. 是的，有。
—No, there isn’t. 不，没有。
（4）特殊疑问句：疑问词+名词+is/are+there+其他？例如：
How many tigers are there in the zoo 动物园里有多少只老虎？
（1）there be句型中如果有some，其否定句和一般疑问句需将some改为any。
（2）如果be动词后面的主语为两个或两个以上的名词，be动词通常与离它最近的那个名词在数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。例如：
There are two apples and one banana on the table. 桌子上有两个苹果和一根香蕉。
There is one banana and two apples on the table. 桌子上有根香蕉和两个苹果。
【对点训练】
( ) （1）There aren’t ________ students in the classroom now.
A.some B.any C.little
( ) （2）There ________ a desk and two chairs in the room.
A.are B.have C.is
课堂练习
一、单词拼写
1.I hope to travel_____( 在周围) the world some day.
2.The old woman walked _______ ( 穿过) the road carefully.
3.Becky is sitting______( 在……后面)me.
4.My grandmother lives in a small _____( 城镇).
5.There is a tall tree in______( 前面) of the house.
6.If you want to eat something，you must go to the ______( 餐馆).
7.There is a _____ ( 超市)near here，and we often go there to buy things.
8.We often get money from the ______( 银行).
9.We can borrow some books from the school_________( 图书馆).
10.A _______ ( 桥)is a road over a river for people to cross.
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. ______(go) along Bridge Street and turn left at New Park.
7.There ______(be) a hospital and two restaurants around here.
8.Go past the school and turn right at the ______（one） crossing.
9.There______（be not） any water in your glass.I'll get you some water.
10.There are many ______（bank） in our city.
三、按要求完成句子。
1.There are some vegetables in the kitchen.（改为一般疑问句）
______ ______ ________vegetables in the kitchen
2.—Is there a lake in the neighborhood （作否定回答）
—______, _______ ________.
3.The post office is behind the police station.（改为同义句）
The police station is ______ ______ _______ the post office.
4.The supermarket is between the hotel and the bank.（对画线部分提问）
__________ ________the supermarket
