2024年中考英语三轮复习冲刺专题三：推理判断解题方法（含解析）

推理判断解题技巧
推理判断题要求考生根据文章中给出的线索和事实进行逻辑推断，推断出作者没有提及的事实或某事可能发生的情况，将间接的论据串联起来，从而得出一个合理的结论。合理是指论推理具有事实根据而非读者主观臆断。推理判断题常以infer，imply，suggest，conclude, learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose 等词提问。提问中往往含有表示推测的情态动词，如 can，could，might, would 等和其他表示可能性的副词，如probably，most likely 等。
所谓推断，是指从已知事物出发，对未知事物进行猜测。这里说的未知，就是一篇文章或一篇作者并不直接阐述而已经隐含了的、或依据作者所提供的材料，而可能得出的必然性结论。因此推断类题目虽然无法直接从文中找得到解答，但是我们却能从文中寻找到可以推断的证据。另一项重要技术是恰当地使用排除法。排除许多错误选项，都有赖于我们对文章事实及细节的正确掌握。所以，我们还应相应地强化对文章事实细节方面的培养。常用技巧方法通常有以下几种:
方法：在理解原文表面信息的基础上，做出判断和推理。得出其隐含意义和深层意思。考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。依据文章事实，得出得出符合逻辑的结论。
陷阱：①文章直接言明的内容，这不是推断出来的（凡是推断题一定不选原文信息的同义表述） ②注意干扰项与文章内容有细微区别。（推理判断一定要合情合理，有理有据，依据事实，切不可主观臆断）
③察言观色，依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
方法1 逻辑推理法
逻辑推理法，即根据上下文及其相互间的关系，对文章片段或全文进行深层理解来解答题目。常以时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据，有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音。主要考查学生对文章细节的理解和逻辑思维的推断能力。
方法2 观点态度判定法
观点态度判定法，就是从作者的措词、语气或对某个细节的把握来推断作者在整篇文章中所表现出来的态度，以及对事物的评价。主要考查学生对于作者陈述事件时所表达出的个人观点态度的推断能力。
方法3 目的意图判定法
目的意图判定法，就是根据文章内容推断出作者的写作意图。主要考查学生对作者阐述的目的进行归纳总结和分析的能力。
方法4 文章出处判定法
文章出处判定法，就是根据文章的语言、用词、格式、内容等推断出文章的出处，如杂志、报纸、网络等。主要考查学生对各种文章出处的特点和常识的掌握能力，以及对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。
方法5 读者对象判定法
读者对象判定法，就是根据文章内容推断出文章是针对哪个群体阅读的。主要考查学生的概括和推断能力。
方法6 写作目的判定法
目的意图判定法，就是根据文章内容推断出作者的写作意图。主要考查学生对作者阐述的目的进行归纳总结和分析的能力。
方法7 论证方式判定法
论证方式判定法，就是对文章提出的观点举例子，列数字，作比较等方式去支撑文章中提出的观点，证明观点的合理性。主要考查学生对题干的理解，及线索句的定位和理解能力。
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There is no better way to visit China’s Great Wall than by hiking. Take your time and feel the history come to life. We will help you have an enjoyable Great Wall Hike.
The Great Wall Hike
There are about nine sections（段）of the Great Wall around Beijing. Here are three sections for you to consider.
Mutianyu（Repaired） 2 hours by car from Beijing Hiking difficulty: With cable car: ★★ Hiking up/down: ★★★ Jiankou-Mutianyu hike: ★★★★ Ranked #1 of 1,615 things to do in Beijing on Trip-Advisor. Jinshanling（Half-Repaired） 2.5 hours by car from Beijing Hiking difficulty: With cable car: ★★ Hiking the wall: ★★★ This section has beautiful scenery and is less crowded. Simatai（Wild） 2.5 hours by car from Beijing Hiking difficulty: Night tour with cable car: ★ Hiking the wall: ★★★★ This is the only section open for day tours and night tours, with nice hotels.
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1．How many sections of the Great Wall are there around Beijing according to the text
A．Three. B．Five. C．Seven. D．Nine.
2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．Badaling is to the west of Juyongguan.
B．Hiking from Jiankou to Mutianyu is the easiest.
C．It takes 2 hours to drive to Jinshanling from Beijing.
D．Simatai is the wild- section only open for tours at night.
3．On which of the following websites can we most probably read the text
A．www./sport-events/ B．www. /movies/
C．www./book/ D．www. /greatwall/
With a little touch of art, simple fruit can be turned into a nice gift for Father’s Day or a surprise for your family.
DO IT YOURSELF
Wash your hands first. Cut the green apple and kiwis (猕猴桃) with a knife. Get the banana ready. Place it in the middle of the plate. Cover the banana’s end with kiwis pieces as the ground. Put the apples around the banana’s top as leaves, with their green skin facing up. Put the grapes on top to fit into space between the apple pieces and banana.
4．What do you do first before cutting the apple and kiwis
A．Buy a gift. B．Wash your hands.
C．Cut the banana. D．Cover the banana’s end.
5．What are the leaves made from
A．Apples. B．Bananas. C．Grapes. D．Oranges.
6．Where do you put the grapes
A．Under the banana’s top. B．At the end of the banana.
C．In the middle of the plate. D．Between the apple pieces and banana.
Pandas
Size Up to 1.9 m long
Weight Up to 120 kilos
Home Bamboo forests mainly in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu
Food Bamboo
Lifespan About 25 years
Fun Fact They spend at least 12 hours each day eating bamboo. Most of the rest time is spent sleeping.
New Guinea singing dogs are famous for their howl (长嚎), which sounds like the song of a whale. In a group, one dog starts singing and the others all join in. They are 30 cm to 46 cm tall and can be up to 14 kilos. They live in far-away mountains or forests in New Guinea. They live on birds and small mammals. They can live up to 20 years.
7．How long can pandas be
A．1.5 m. B．2 m. C．2.8 m. D．3 m.
8．What do pandas eat
A．Fish. B．Chicken. C．Bamboo. D．Birds.
Which of the following can be put into No. 3 and No. 4 with the help of Pandas
Name New Guinea singing dogs
3 Up to 20 years
Home Far-away mountains or forests in New Guinea
Fun Fact 4 In a group, one dog starts singing and the others all join in.
9．A．Lifespan. B．Size C．Color. D．Weight.
10．A．They can be up to 14 kilos.
B．They are 30 cm to 46 cm tall.
C．They live on birds and small mammals.
D．Their howl sounds like the song of a whale.
Friendship RestaurantWe have different kinds of Japanese food here. The food menu is written in Japanese and Chinese. All the waiters or waitresses can speak at least one foreign language. Tel: 3129997 Time: 11:30 a.m. —10: 00 p.m.
Volunteer ProjectMaybe you want to help others but don’t know how to do it. Then Volunteer Project will help you. Here you will get the best idea of volunteering. Call 8225566 to join it. E-mail address: lisa@
Red Bird ClubDo you like dancing Do you want to show off your cool dance at parties Join us and make your dream come true. Closed on Tuesday. Call 8223331 for more information.
The Underwater WorldHere you will find different kinds of fishes and even some kinds of sharks. You will feel you are in the sea, but of course this is not true. If you like fishes, I suggest that you pay a visit to it. Time: 9:30 a. m. —5:30 p. m.
11．In the Friendship Restaurant you can eat ________ food.
A．Chinese B．Japanese C．English D．French
12．Sarah wants to do some volunteer work. She can call ________ to get some ideas.
A．8463809 B．3129997 C．8223331 D．8225566
13．Red Bird Club is closed on ________.
A．Tuesday B．Monday C．Saturday D．Thursday
14．According to the ad, you can see ________ in the Underwater World.
A．volunteers B．sea-animals C．excellent dancers D．waiters and waitresses
Book Chat ClubCalling all book lovers aged 11 to 17 years old! The Margaret River Bookshop and the Margaret River Library work together to start a Book Chat Club.
What is a Book Chat Club It’s a club for people aged 11—17 who love reading books. Each month we will discuss what we have read and give recommendations（推荐）to other members. There will not be a “set” of books that every member needs to read. Each time we will choose a different theme and you pick a book that you think fits. The book can be one from your own collection or something you have read at the school library. Actually we don’t mind where you found the book. What we want to know is your thoughts on it. There will be prizes for the best review（评论）of every month and free snacks! If you want to join us, please complete our sign-up sheet（报名裘）at either the Library or the Bookshop. Free Event! Time, location and dates *9:30 a, m.—10:30 a. m. *Margaret River Library * Last Sunday of the month 28 May 25 June 30 July 27 August 29 October 26 November 31 December
Call the library at 555-3721 for more information or visit .
15．When can the club members take part in the activities
A．At 9:50 p. m. on May 28. B．At 9:30 a. m. on July 30.
C．At 10:20 a. m. on November 28. D．At 10:30 p. m. on October 29.
16．How many themes will the club offer in total
A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight.
17．What can we know about the Book Chat Club
A．Each member has a required book list every month.
B．The best reviewer can only get free snacks as the prize.
C．The book lovers aged 11—17 don’t have to pay to join the Book Chat Club.
D．The book lovers aged 11—17 can visit to complete sign-up sheets.
Come and buy books at our great sale! Here is the information about some new books. You will get 50% off if you buy three or more books together.
Chinese Clothing(￥50)
It’s written by Hua Mei, a professor of a university. It’s about typical Chinese clothing styles in different historical periods. From the book, readers can know traditional Chinese customs have made a big difference in clothing culture.
A Little Bit of Beijing ( 60)
The writers are Li Han and Hu Yan. The book is about the beautiful buildings in Beijing. It’s a great gift for kids who love picture books with colorful houses, cars and flowers.
The Brightest from the Best( 40)
The writers are Hong and Zhang Xiaolong. The book tells us some stories about choices and growth. It records the real lives of eleven young people. They graduated from top universities and went to serve the people in the poor areas in China.
Stories of China( 30)
It’s written in both English and Chinese. All the writers are from China and UK. The folk stories in this book help readers understand Chinese history and culture better.
18．Who wrote Chinese Clothing according to the passage
A．Hua Mei. B．Hu Yan. C．Li Han. D．Wang Hong.
19．Which book is the best gift for kids who like colorful pictures
A．Stories of China. B．Chinese Clothing.
C．A Little Bit of Beijing. D．The Brightest from the Best.
20．What is The Brightest from the Best about
A．The history of clothes. B．The folk stories of China.
C．The beauty of Beijing. D．The real stories of young people.
21．How much will you pay if you buy these four books together
A．70 yuan. B．90 yuan. C．140 yuan. D．180 yuan.
22．What do you know from the passage
A．An introduction to some books. B．A list of several bookstores.
C．An interview with foreign readers. D．A report on famous writers.
Years of the rabbit according to the Chinese Zodiac (十二生肖)
…1927.1939.1951.1963.1975.1987.1999.2011.2023.2035…
symbols of the rabbit
●Quietness ●Peacc ●Good luck
The folk story about the rabbit
The rabbit lived with Chang’e in the moon
The information is a part of answers from Chat AI
23．Your Chinese Zodiac is a Rabbit if you were born in ________.
A．1998 B．2011 C．2022
24．Which of the following is a Rabbit’s symbol
A．Peace. B．War. C．Wealth.
Top 10 Most Valuable Chinese Brands
Brand Finance, known for its professional opinions in brand valuation, recently published its yearly report on the 500 most valuable Chinese brands in 2023. In this table below, we will take a closer look at the top 10 brands on the list.
Number Brand Name Brand Value
10 Huawei $44.3 billion
9 Ping An Insurance $44.7 billion
8 Bank of China $47.3 billion
7 Kweichow Moutai Group $49.7 billion
6 WeChat $50.2 billion
5 Agricultural Bank of China $57.7 billion
4 State Grid $58.8 billion
3 China Construction Bank $62.7 billion
2 Douyin $65.7 billion
1 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China $69.5 billion
25．What is the brand with $58. 8 billion
A． B． C．
26．How many banks are in the table above
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
27．Which of the following brands is the most valuable
A．Huawei. B．Douyin. C．WeChat.
（2023·四川绵阳·校联考三模）
Have you seen bamboos coming out of the earth Have you noticed that the days are getting longer, with more daylight to enjoy These are signs of spring’s arrival, promising the return of light, colour and warmth. Spring is nature’s sign that however dark or cold things might be, better days are around the corner. That is hope.
“Hope is the feeling that things can get better.” says Dr. Black. Last year Black interviewed some firefighters who put out wildfire in Australia. The firefighter said, “If we don’t fight it, there’s no chance of it stopping.” In addition, hope is also about taking action. Black says, “In our life, we find ourselves caught in difficult situations from time to time. And our actions start us up and help us out. Make the first move, and we will get them through.”
Experts say that having hope in difficult times can help you worry less, feel calmer and lift your spirits. They also say that research shows hope can build up your body and help you deal with pain.
Feeling disappointed and worried is part of life. If it’s possible to see hope in them, you should; if it’s not, don’t worry. Dr. White calls this “practical hope”. “Life is messy,” says White, “but we can be clear about how we feel whether that’s sadness or disappointment, and focus（专注）on the opposite. You can’t change the fact that your brother or sister is mean（刻薄）to you. But you can act in a way that is kind and friendly rather than making things worse. Even in the most terrible situations, we can decide how we live with each other.”
27．Why is spring mentioned in the beginning
A．It stands for hope. B．It is a pretty season.
C．It promises warmth. D．It is the start of a year.
28．What question is answered in Paragraph 2
A．How can hope change our life B．What does hope really mean
C．Why do firefighters need hope D．Who can help us find hope
29．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．Hope is never easy to find. B．Experts never give up hope.
C．Hope is important to our health. D．Experts often give us hope.
30．What does Dr. White mainly talk about
A．The steps of seeing hope. B．The kinds of practical hope.
C．The possibility of seeing hope. D．The value of practical hope.
31．What would be the best title for the passage
A．How Is Hope Found B．Finding Hope Is Easy
C．Having Hope Is Helpful D．Where Can We See Hope
（2023·四川雅安·雅安中学校考一模）
A soap opera called “Tiger Mother and Cat Father” is popular in China now. The tiger mother is pretty strict with her daughter and the little girl is not allowed to watch TV or play computer games. On the other hand, she makes all effort to buy the expensive house near the key school, in order to let her daughter have a better education. However, the cat father has an opposite view of how to raise their child. He gives her daughter more independence and doesn’t make many rules for her. Which one is better, “Tiger Mother” or “Cat Father”
In China, it seems that in each family, there is a tiger mother and a cat father, even worse, some families have two tigers. ▲
What’s worse, Chinese mothers believe key schools will bring a better future to their children.
This soap opera fully shows us a common problem in China. And maybe it is the real reason why such kind of TV shows can get popular.
Whether the tiger mother or the cat father, respecting children and growing together are the keys to family education. Confidence, kindness, honesty and independence are the most important qualities to develop a child, not the grades. Just like a poem said, “Educating children is like walking with a snail (蜗牛), and the steps are gentle and slow.”
32．In the soap opera, the little girl isn’t allowed to ________.
A．eat vegetables B．get good grades
C．go to the key school D．watch TV or play computer games
33．In the soap opera, the father is called “Cat Father” because ________.
A．he enjoys eating fish just like a cat B．he gives her daughter more independence
C．he is afraid of his wife D．he always stays up late just like a cat
34．Which of the following can be put in “________” in the second paragraph
A．Chinese parents are tigers. B．Tiger Mother is the better.
C．Chinese parents dislike their children. D．Children can’t decide anything for themselves.
35．Except ________ all are the most important qualities to develop a child in this passage.
A．honesty B．kindness C．grade D．confidence
36．The writer thinks it’s good to ________.
A．slow your steps and grow together with your children B．take a walk with your children often
C．be strict with your children like “Tiger Mother” D．buy an expensive house near the key school
（2023·浙江衢州·统考三模）
“Mom I want a cat,” or “Mom I want a dog,” or “Mom I want a…” are common words that parents may hear from their children more than once. However, there are many arguments（争论）for and against children owning pets.
The first argument that supports pet ownership by children is that they help to keep children company. When children come home from school, pets are always there to greet them. They love children and always want to play. As a result, children will be less likely to experience loneliness. They will also help to keep children active as they will need to be walked and played with every day.
Secondly, owning a pet encourages children to learn new responsibilities（责任）. Pets need to be looked after and be taken care of every day. Children will learn different skills that they can use later in life. For example, washing and feeding pets are basic skills to learn. Learning these responsibilities will make sure that children will be able to look after themselves, and possibly their children one day.
On the other hand, some pets can be dangerous. Some dogs, for example, are likely to bite, and children may become scared of animals as a result of this happening to them. Cats also look very soft and lovely, but they do have very sharp claws. If they are treated in the wrong way, cats can use their claws to hurt others.
In addition, pets need a great deal of maintenance（维护）. Many pets need to be often exercised and bathed. As a result of this, children may pay less attention to their studies because they are too busy worrying about their pets and its well being.
A further argument against pet ownership is that pets are costly; buying food and maintaining their care is not cheap. Finally, the cost of owning one falls on parents, and as a result, children don’t fully understand the responsibility of having one.
37．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “company”
A．a business organization that makes or sells goods or services
B．the fact of being with somebody else and not alone
C．a group of people who work or perform together
D．a social or business visitor
38．According to the text, what may people who are against children owning a pet worry about
A．Children’s safety. B．Children’s life skills.
C．Children’s health. D．Children’s responsibilities.
39．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text
A．To introduce how to take good care of a pet.
B．To solve the problem of children owning a pet.
C．To list the disadvantages of children owning a pet.
D．To show different opinions on children owning a pet.
40．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text
A． B．
C． D．
（2023·山东枣庄·校考二模）
Teenagers should be allowed to develop a hobby. A hobby can give you different types of challenges. You’ll need to find different interests and decide which hobby really interests you. You can take up a hobby that can challenge you physically, such as rock climbing or kayaking(皮艇运动）. While this may be hard to do, here are four great reasons to work it in:
Hobbies help build a teen’s confidence (自信). By finding an area of interest, a teen can build his skills. This leads to positive results and builds teenagers’ confidence.
A hobby helps teens have a sense of their identity (身份）. Our likes and dislikes help us know who we are as people. Hobbies help by sending a signal, “I like doing this. This makes me feel good. Therefore, this is a part of who I am.”
Hobbies keep teens from getting bored. Bored teens look for things to do and are more likely to do something bad. Helping teens develop a hobby is helping them stay out of trouble. Hobbies will help teens to get on well with their parents. When a teen is busy with a hobby, his parents have easy chances to something to praise him about. They can communicate with each other easily.
41．According to the passage, hobbies can make teens ________.
A．be sure something they want will happen in the future B．know they are different from their parents
C．feel a little bad about themselves D．have no time to fight with parents
42．The underlined word “positive” in the passage probably means “________”.
A．现实 B．消极的 C．积极的 D．虚拟的
43．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．why it’s not easy to find a hobby B．how to develop a hobby
C．why teens need a hobby D．when a teen is busy with a hobby
（2023·浙江宁波·统考三模）
Children should do housework. Different people have different ideas. A few parents will say that their children are too busy for housework. Many more of us ask them to do housework, or say we believe in them, but the housework just doesn’t get done.
That’s a problem. For starters, housework is good for kids. Being a part of the work of running housework helps children develop an awareness (意识) of the needs of others.
One small study, done over a period of 25 years, found that the best predictor for young adults’ success in their mid-20s was whether they took part in housework tasks at the age of 3 or 4, Those who early shared responsibilities developed a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.
But for all that their help matters, few kids are doing much around the house at all. In a survey of 1,000 American adults, 75 percent said they believed normal housework made kids “more responsible”. Yet while 82 percent reported having had normal housework growing up, only 56 percent of those with children said they required them to do housework.
Sports and homework are not get-out-of-housework-free cards. The goal, after all, is to raise the adults who can balance (平衡) a caring role in their families and communities with whatever lifetime achievement goals they choose. Housework teaches that balance.
What should you do when getting children to do housework Accept no excuses. Don’t worry if you must repeat yourself again and again. If you’re spending more time getting the child to do this job than it would take to do it yourself, then you’re doing it right, Can a payment help Maybe. But if you’re trying to teach kids to share the responsibility of a home, paying them for normal housework is not the right message.
44．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A．Housework is a must-do for parents. B．Very few children get housework done
C．Children are very busy with housework. D．Family members should admire each other.
45．What is found in the small study
A．Housework develops a sense of responsibility.
B．Housework helps a man live a happy life.
C．A child must start doing housework at the age of 3.
D．A man’s success depends on his housework.
46．What docs the writer advise parents to do in the last paragraph
A．Pay the child for housework. B．Balance housework and study.
C．Do house work by themselves. D．Help the child do housework actively.
47．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A．Parents’ Words Speak Louder B．Housework Matters to Children
C．Children Need More Care at Home D．Adults Do Less Housework in the US
（2023·江苏南京·南师附中树人学校校考三模）
To learn to think is to learn to question. Those who don’t question never truly think for themselves. Advancements(进步) are made when thinkers start to question. Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought.
Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist whose ideas explained much of the natural world, often incorrectly. He was so respected by the scientific community that even 1,200 years after his death, scientists were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them! Brilliant minds can make up and coming thinkers believe they are not as good as the minds of giants such as Aristotle, leading many to accept current ideas instead of questioning them.
I like many thinkers of the past, once believed in my mental weakness. I was certain that my parents, my teachers were always right. They were like a textbook to me; I didn’t question what was written on those pages. I respected them, and accepted whatever they told me. But that attitude soon changed. My mind’s independence was first developed in the classroom.
Astem, a 65-year-old science teacher, once told me that light is a type of wave. I confidently went through years of school believing that. One day, however, I heard the German exchange student mention that light could be made of particles(粒子). I started to question my beliefs. I went to the library, read about Einstein’s discovery that puzzles the world’s greatest thinkers—Light behaves as both a particle and a wave. I realized I had gone through life accepting only half of the story as the whole truth.
Each new year brought more new facts, and I found myself in the library after school trying to find my own answers to gain a more complete understanding of what I thought I already knew. I discovered that my parents and teachers are good tools in my quest for knowledge, but they are never the final word. That’s how I developed my independent mind.
Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning. How many things do we know for sure today that we will question in the future At this moment, I know that our sun will burn for another five billion years, and I know nothing can escape the gravity of a black hole. This knowledge, however, may change in the next 20 years — maybe even in the next two. The one thing we can control now is our openness to discovery, which is the key to making progress for human beings!
48．In this passage, Aristotle is taken as an example to show that ________.
A．he is the greatest and respected scientist of all
B．huge influence of great thinkers may stop human thought from developing
C．advancements are made when thinkers start to question
D．great thinkers make mistakes and then correct them
49．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 has an adverbial clause which expresses ________.
A．reason B．purpose C．result D．time
50．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage
A． B． C． D．
51．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．The author is not quite sure about his future.
B．We human beings are afraid of dreaming about the future.
C．The things about black holes will change in two years.
D．Questioning is necessary to intellectual advancement.
参考答案：
1．D 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了长城徒步旅行的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据“There are about nine sections（段）of the Great Wall around Beijing.”可知北京周围大约有九段长城。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据图片可知，八达岭在居庸关的西边。故选A。
3．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了长城徒步旅行的相关信息，所以可能会出现在一个旅行社的网站上，选项D符合语境。故选D。
4．B 5．A 6．D
【导语】本文教如何将简单的水果加上一点艺术，作为父亲节的好礼物。
4．细节理解题。根据“Wash your hands first.”可知，要先洗手，故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据“Put the apples around the banana’s top as leaves, with their green skin facing up.”可知，把苹果围在香蕉的顶部，做成叶子。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据“Put the grapes on top to fit into space between the apple pieces and banana.”可知，把葡萄放在上面，以填充苹果和香蕉之间的空间。故选D。
7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D
【导语】本文介绍了熊猫和新几内亚歌唱犬的基本信息。
7．细节理解题。根据“Up to 1.9 m long”可知，熊猫可长达一米九，故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据“Bamboo”可知，熊猫吃竹子，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“They can live up to 20 years.”可知，新几内亚歌唱犬的寿命是20年，故选A。
10．细节理解题。Fun Fact介绍的是有趣的事实，根据“New Guinea singing dogs are famous for their howl (长嚎), which sounds like the song of a whale. In a group, one dog starts singing and the others all join in.”可知，新几内亚歌唱犬以它们的嚎叫而闻名，听起来像鲸鱼的歌声。在一群狗中，一只狗开始唱歌，其他狗也跟着唱。故选D。
11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B
【导语】本文主要是介绍几个广告，比如友谊饭店、志愿项目、红鸟俱乐部等。
11．细节理解题。根据“We have different kinds of Japanese food here.”可知，在友谊饭店可以吃到日本食物，故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据“Volunteer Project”和“Call 8225566 to join it.”可知，Sarah想做志愿者工作，可以打电话8225566，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据“Closed on Tuesday.”可知，红鸟俱乐部周二不开门，故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据“Here you will find different kinds of fishes and even some kinds of sharks.”可知，在海底世界可以看到不同种类的鱼，甚至是有些种类的鲨鱼，说明看到的是海洋动物，故选B。
15．B 16．C 17．C
【导语】本文是图书聊天俱乐部的广告。
15．细节理解题。根据“*9:30 a, m.—10:30 a. m.”以及“30 July”可知7月30日上午9:30俱乐部成员可以参加活动，故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据“Each month we will discuss what we have read and give recommendations（推荐）to other members...Each time we will choose a different theme and you pick a book that you think fits.”以及“* Last Sunday of the month”下的七个日期可知，俱乐部总共提供7个主题。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“If you want to join us, please complete our sign-up sheet（报名裘）at either the Library or the Bookshop. Free Event!”可知11到17岁的图书爱好者无需付费即可加入图书聊天俱乐部。故选C。
18．A 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．A
【导语】本文介绍了书店促销的四本书。
18．细节理解题。根据“Chinese Clothing(￥50) It’s written by Hua Mei, a professor of a university.”可知《中国服饰》这本书是华梅写的。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据“ It’s a great gift for kids who love picture books with colorful houses, cars and flowers.”可知《北京一角》这本书适合喜欢图画的孩子们。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“The book tells us some stories about choices and growth. It records the real lives of eleven young people.”可知The Brightest from the Best这本书介绍了年轻人的真实故事，记录了选择和成长的故事。故选D。
21．推理判断题。根据“Chinese Clothing(￥50)”、“A Little Bit of Beijing ( 60)”、“The Brightest from the Best( 40)”和“Stories of China( 30)”可知这四本书一共180元，根据“You will get 50% off if you buy three or more books together.”可知买三本以上半价，也就是90元。故选B。
22．主旨大意题。根据“Here is the information about some new books.”可知本文主要是一些书的介绍。故选A。
23．B 24．A
【导语】本文介绍有关十二生肖之一——兔的相关内容。
23．细节理解题。根据图中年份介绍可知，2011年出生的人属兔，故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据“Quietness Peace Good luck”可知，兔子象征安静、平静、好运。故选A。
25．B 26．C 27．B
【导语】本文介绍了中国十大最具价值品牌。
25．细节理解题。根据“State Grid”对应的“$58.8 billion”可知国家电网品牌价值为588亿美元，故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据表格可知，文章提到了中国银行、中国农业银行、中国建设银行、中国工商银行，一共四个银行，故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据表格可知，华为品牌价值为443亿美元，抖音品牌价值为657亿美元，微信品牌价值为502亿美元。故选B。
【答案】27．A 28．B 29．C 30．D 31．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要告诉我们要充满希望以及拥有希望的好处。
27．细节理解题。根据“Spring is nature’s sign that however dark or cold things might be, better days are around the corner. That is hope.”可知，春天是大自然的标志，无论天气多么黑暗或寒冷，美好的日子就在眼前。这就是希望。可见，春天代表希望。故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据“Hope is the feeling that things can get better”可知，希望是一种事情可以变得更好的感觉。根据“In addition, hope is also about taking action.”可知，此外，希望还在于采取行动。并以消防员灭火为例。所以第二段主要回答的问题是，希望到底意味着什么。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“They also say that research shows hope can build up your body and help you deal with pain.”可知，他们还说，研究表明希望可以增强你的身体，并帮助你处理疼痛。所以说，希望对我们的健康很重要。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据“Feeling disappointed and worried is part of life. If it’s possible to see hope in them, you should; if it’s not, don’t worry. Dr. White calls this ‘practical hope’.”可知，感到失望和担忧是生活的一部分。如果有可能你应该在他们身上看到希望；如果不是，别担心。怀特博士称之为“现实的希望”。所以怀特博士主要谈论的是现实的希望的价值。故选D。
31．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，第一段讲述的是：春天代表希望；第二段讲述的是：希望是一种事情可以变得更好的感觉。第三段讲述的是：在困难时期抱有希望可以帮助你减少担忧，感到平静，振奋精神。希望对我们的健康很重要。第四段讲述的是：现实的希望的价值。所以本文主要告诉我们要充满希望以及拥有希望的好处。所以有希望是有帮助的。故选C。
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．D 35．C 36．A
【导语】本文主要通过流行节目引出对中国孩子的教育问题，应该教育孩子就像蜗牛散步，步骤既要温柔又要慢慢来。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“The tiger mother is pretty strict with her daughter and the little girl is not allowed to watch TV or play computer games.”可知，妈妈对女儿很严格，不允许小女孩看电视或玩电脑游戏。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第一段“He gives her daughter more independence and doesn’t make many rules for her.”可知，他给了女儿更多的独立性，没有给她制定很多规矩。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据上一句“In China, it seems that in each family, there is a tiger mother and a cat father, even worse, some families have two tigers.”可知在中国，每个家庭都有一个虎妈妈和一个猫爸爸，甚至有的家庭还有两只老虎，由此推测孩子们不能自己做决定，选项D符合语境。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Confidence, kindness, honesty and independence are the most important qualities to develop a child, not the grades.”可知，自信、善良、诚实和独立是培养孩子最重要的品质，而不是成绩。故选C。
36．观点态度题。根据最后一段“Whether the tiger mother or the cat father, respecting children and growing together are the keys to family education.”可知，作者认为无论是虎妈还是猫爸，尊重孩子，共同成长，都是家庭教育的关键。故选A。
【答案】37．B 38．A 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，分别介绍了支持和反对孩子养宠物的观点。
37．词句猜测题。根据下文“When children come home from school, pets are always there to greet them. They love children and always want to play. As a result, children will be less likely to experience loneliness.”可知，当孩子们放学回家时，宠物总是在那里迎接他们。他们爱孩子，总是想玩。结果，孩子们将不太可能经历孤独。所以company意为“与他人在一起而不是独自一人”。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第四段“On the other hand, some pets can be dangerous. Some dogs, for example, are likely to bite. If they are treated in the wrong way, cats can use their claws to hurt others.”可知，另一方面，有些宠物可能很危险。例如，有些狗可能会咬人。如果猫受到错误的对待，它们可能会用爪子伤害其他的。以此为例说明一些宠物很危险。可见，反对孩子养宠物的人主要担心孩子的安全。故选A。
39．主旨大意题。通过“there are many arguments（争论）for and against children owning pets.”可知，有许多支持和反对孩子养宠物的论点。通过文章可知，本文主要讲述了对于孩子养宠物，存在支持和反对两方面的争论点。所以本文表达了对孩子养宠物的不同意见。故选D。
40．篇章结构题。第一段介绍支持和反对孩子养宠物的争论有很多。第二段介绍了支持孩子养宠物的第一个论点：他们是很好的伴侣。第三段介绍了支持孩子养宠物的第二个论点：养宠物可以鼓励孩子学习新的责任。第四段介绍了反对孩子养宠物的论点：许多宠物很危险。第五段介绍宠物需要恰当的照顾，孩子们可能不太注意他们的学习了。第六段段介绍了反对孩子养宠物的另一个论点：养宠物的成本很高。第二段和第三段介绍的是支持养宠物的观点。第四段、第五段和第六段是反对养宠物的观点。故选A。
【答案】41．A 42．C 43．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了爱好对于青少年发展的好处。
41．推理判断题。根据“Hobbies help build a teen’s confidence (自信). By finding an area of interest, a teen can build his skills. This leads to positive results and builds teenagers’ confidence.”可知，爱好有助于建立青少年的自信心，通过找到感兴趣的领域，青少年可以学习新技能，这会产生积极的结果。故可推断爱好可以帮助青少年增强自信心，使他们确信能实现自己的愿望。故选A。
42．词句猜测题。根据“Hobbies help build a teen’s confidence (自信). By finding an area of interest, a teen can build his skills. This leads to positive results and builds teenagers’ confidence.”可知，“积极的”结果会帮助建立青少年的自信心，划线部分单词意为“积极的”。故选C。
43．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了爱好对于青少年身心发展的好处，也就是说明了青少年为什么需要爱好的原因。故选C。
【答案】44．B 45．A 46．D 47．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要以“孩子要做家务”为话题，通过研究和事例，论证做家务对孩子成长的重要性，鼓励家长督促孩子多参与家务活，培养责任意识。
44．推理判断题。根据第一段“Many more of us ask them to do housework, or say we believe in them, but the housework just doesn’t get done.”可推断，尽管分派了家务活，但是很少有孩子真正去做。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据第三段“Those who early shared responsibilities developed a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.”可知，该研究发现做家务活有助于孩子们培养责任意识。故选A。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段“What should you do when getting children to do housework Accept no excuses.”可知，作者建议家长给孩子分派家务活时不接受孩子的任何托词，应该让孩子真正去行动才是关键。故选D。
47．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，第一段首句“Children should do housework.”为该文的核心话题，并在后文论述了做家务可以给孩子带来的好处。B项“家务对儿童至关重要”贴合主旨。故选B。
【答案】48．B 49．C 50．B 51．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了学会思考就是学会质疑，不质疑就不会真正地思考。
48．推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfortunately, it is often the great and respected thinkers who end up slowing the progress of human thought.”可知第一段以亚里上多德为例，就是为了说明这个观点（伟大思想家的巨大影响可能会阻碍人类思想的发展），故选B。
49．推理判断题。根据第二段“He was so respected by the scientific community that even 1,200 years after his death, scientists were still trying to build upon his mistakes rather than correct them!”可知在他去世后，人们依然没有纠正错误，可推知句子中的状语从句表明了结果，故选C。
50．篇章结构题。根据第一段“To learn to think is to learn to question. Those who don’t question never truly think for themselves. Advancements are made when thinkers start to question.”可知第一段提出学会思考就是学会质疑的观点。第二段以亚里士多德的例子说明观点，第三段以作者自己为例，进一步论证了质疑的作用，而第四段和第五段详细介绍了作者培养独立思考的过程，而最后一段在总结质疑是通往知识和真理的道路。结合选项，只有选项B符合题意，故选B。
51．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Questions are said to be the path to knowledge and truth, and I plan to continue questioning.”可知，最后一段说明了质疑是促进进步的必要条件，故选D。