2023学年第二学期期中三校联考
高二英语
第I卷(共95分)
一、语法选择(共15题,每小题1分，满分15分)
请从1-15题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出正确的一项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. Just as Martin Luther King, Jr. said, peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek, but a means ______ we arrive at the goal.
A. in which B. with which C. by which D. to which
2. I still cherish the days ________ I spent with those farmers in the countryside in those years, ________ has a lasting effect on my entire life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, what D. when, that
3. John showed me the photo and said, “This is the very gallery _______ we visited last month, not the factory _______ father worked last year.”
A. which; that B. that; that C. that; where D. which; where
4. We admire him for the way ________ he faces his difficulties.
A. where B. what C. that D. which
5. The newly-shown movie is well worth ________. Hence, your first main job today is ________ to the cinema! I assume that this experience you’ve been looking forward to ________ rewarding.
A. being seen; going; being B. seeing; to go; is C. seeing; to go; being D. being seen; to go; is
6. —What did Mr. Black say to you just now
—He asked us ________________ the next day.
A. what would the weather be like B. what will the weather be like
C. what the weather would be like D. what the weather was like
7. It remains ______ how many senior citizens will actually benefit from this new plan .
A. to see B. being seen C. seen D. to be seen
8. — Shall we take a break We ________ for a whole morning.
— I’m sorry we can’t. We are on a tight schedule.
A was working B. have been working
C. worked D. had work
9. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________ steadily since 1997.
A. is rising B. are rising C. has been rising D. have been rising
10. In the past few days the professor along with his assistants _____on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A. has been working B. were working
C. have been working D. was working
11. Grass skiing is a rising form of entertainment, popular with young people, ___________focus is on the adventurous and enjoyable form of a sports activity.
A. who B. when C. where D. whose
12. ________is often the case with human beings, many animals sleep a lot when young, but sleep much less when they get older.
A. Which B. It C. As D. What
13. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation ________ to computer games and the online world.
A. to be attracted B. attracted C. being attracted D. to attract
14. He is ______ in painting so much and his dream is ______ an extraordinary artist.
A. interested; to become B. interesting; to become
C. interested; becoming D. interesting; becoming
15. —What did your teacher say to you just now
—He told me that two thirds of the earth______ with water.
A. is covering B. are covering C. was covered D. is covered
二、阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
The cost of living crisis is causing suffering for millions this winter. One in five people are worried about where their next meal will come from. Parents who live near you are burdened with anxiety about how they will afford to feed their children. Families are struggling and don’t know where to turn. Yet while people go hungry, three million tonnes of surplus(剩余的) food is being wasted every year.
Fare Share is a national charity working to get that food to people who are struggling—but we need your help. A gift of 90 could provide three meals a day to a family of four for a whole month. Plus, you may be entitled to recover 25p of tax on every 1 you give as gift money.
Your gift will help us redistribute food to our network of 8,500 local charities and community groups across the UK. You’ll also help people to access other services and support through these groups, strengthening communities and easing loneliness through food.
WILL YOU DO YOUR FARESHARE PLEASE HELP PEOPLE GOING HUNGRY THIS WINTER
How could your 90 help feed a family in your community surplus food is received from suppliers. FareShare redistributes the food to local charities helping people in need. People and families can get healthy meals at day centres, youth groups and community cafes.
We’d love to keep you up to date on Fare Share’s work including fundraising updates. Please get in touch by calling us on 0300 302 3677 or emailing fundraiser@fareshare.org.uk
To give online, please visit fareshare.org.uk/community 1. For more information please scan the QR code.
16. What is the primary focus of FareShare
A. Providing gifts for families. B. Redistributing surplus food.
C. Organizing festival events. D. Offering tax recovery services.
17. What additional benefit will Fare Share donors receive
A. They will receive a tax refund.
B. They will help run the local charities.
C. They will be recognized as organizers.
D. They will receive free meals for themselves.
18. Where does this text probably come from
A. A travel blog. B. A news report.
C. A community noticeboard. D. An entertainment magazine.
B
One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. I became immediately interested because of the word “Poems” that appeared in big, hot pink letters.
“Is it good ” I asked her.
“Yeah,” she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leaned forward.
“Patty Poem,” she read the title. Who is Patty I wondered. The poem began:
She never puts her toys away,
Just leaves them scattered(散乱的)where they lay, …
The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:
When she grows and gathers poise(稳重),
I’ll miss her harum-scarum(莽撞的)noise,
And look in vain(徒劳的) for scattered toys.
And I’ll be sad.
A terrible sadness washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.
“It’s you, honey,” my mother said sadly.
To my mother, the poem described a parent’s feeling when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was terrible. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible that I began crying.
“What’s wrong ” my mother asked.
“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”
She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay ”
“Okay” I was still crying. My fear had gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple that I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now crazy about the idea of poetry (诗歌), words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.
I have since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem. After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.
19. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again
A. It has a meaningful title. B. It was a thick enough book.
C. Something on its cover caught her eye. D. Her mother was reading it with interest.
20. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem” probably because ______.
A. it was a sign of her own childhood B. it was written in simple language
C. it was written by a famous poet D. it made her think of what would happen
21. What does the underlined word probably mean
A. Easily. B. Hardly. C. Nearly. D. Narrowly.
22. It can be known from the passage that “Patty Poem” leads the writer to ______.
A. experience great homesickness B. recognize her love for puzzles
C. find her wishing to grow up D. discover the power of poetry
C
The maker of ChatGPT recently announced its next move into generative artificial intelligence. San Francisco-based OpenAI’s new text-to-video generator, called Sora, is a tool that instantly makes short videos based on written commands, called prompts.
Sora is not the first of its kind. Google, Meta and Runway ML are among the other companies to have developed similar technology. But the high quality of videos displayed by OpenAI — some released after CEO Sam Altman asked social media users to send in ideas for written prompts-surprised observers.
A photographer from New Hampshire posted one suggestion, or prompt, on X. The prompt gave details about a kind of food to be cooked, gnocchi (意大利团子), as well as the setting — an old Italian country kitchen. The prompt said: “An instructional cooking session for homemade gnocchi, hosted by a grandmother — a social media influencer, set in a rustic (土气的) Tuscan country kitchen.” Altman answered a short time later with a realistic video that showed what the prompt described.
The tool is not yet publicly available. OpenAI has given limited information about how it was built. The company also has not stated what imagery and video sources were used to train Sora. At the same time, the video results led to fears about the possible ethical and societal effects.
The New York Times and some writers have taken legal actions against OpenAI for its use of copyrighted works of writing to train ChatGPT. And OpenAI pays a fee to The Associated Press, the source of this report, to license its text news archive (档案) . OpenAI said in a blog post that it is communicating with artists, policymakers and others before releasing the new tool to the public.
The company added that it is working with “red teamers” — people who try to find problems and give helpful suggestions — to develop Sora. “We are working with red teamers-express in areas like misinformation, hateful content, and bias — who will be adversarially testing the model,” the company said. “We’re also building tools to help detect misleading content such as a detection classifier that can tell when a video was generated by Sora.”
23. What makes Sora impressive
A. Its extraordinary video quality. B. Its ethical and societal influence.
C. Its artificial intelligence history. D. Its written commands and prompts.
24. What can we infer from the text
A. Some disagreements over Sora have arisen.
B. Sora is the first text-to-video generator in history.
C. OpenAI CEO Altman wrote a prompt as an example.
D. All the details about how Sora was built have been shared.
25. What is the main idea of Paragraph 6
A. The company’s current challenge.
B. The company’s advanced technology.
C. The company’s problems in management.
D. The company’s efforts for Sora’s improvement.
26. What is the author’s attitude towards Sora
A. Neutral. B. Optimistic. C. Pessimistic. D. Cautious.
D
I love making art and looking at artworks. I’ve found myself wondering how we gain pleasure from art. And now neuroaesthetics, a combination of neuroscience (神经科学) and aesthetics (美学), may provide an answer.
Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments. Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful. Similar research has been done to understand the “neuronal fireworks” that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc.
But why do we find some art beautiful and other art ugly According to research, it all comes down to the “aesthetic triad (三元组合)”.
The first part of the triad is sensory-motor. This involves perceiving things like colours, shapes and movements. Movement in art has an interesting role. If you see a painting of a movement, like of a man pulling his arm away after being bitten by a dog, you feel like going through a similar experience. The part of your brain that controls your own movements lights up in response.
Second is emotion-valuation. This is how a piece of art makes you feel, and whether or not you appreciate or enjoy that feeling. The part of the brain related to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful. This system can be affected in fascinating ways, as found by research using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) (经颅磁刺激). If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art. Such stimulation produces significant changes in aesthetic appreciation of faces, bodies and artworks.
The third part is meaning-knowledge. This is to do with how we can connect with a piece of art and what meaning we can create in it. Art is deeply personal, because when two people see the same artwork, our perception can create vastly different experiences of meaning. If we find meaning, then we often find pleasure. We also get enjoyment from the knowledge of how something was made. For the images that an artist creates, viewers will probably get far more enjoyment once they know the process used to create them.
Informed by neuroaesthetics, the next time I create my art I will value the process even more, enjoying the activation of the aesthetic triad in my brain as I admire the vivid images that I have created.
27. What does “neuronal fireworks” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. A beautiful painting or sculpture. B. The lighting-up of specific brain areas.
C. An advanced brain imaging technology. D. The aesthetic assessment of modern art.
28. What effect does movement in art produce on the viewers
A. Certain part of their brain is activated. B. Their experience of pain is reduced.
C. Their aesthetic sense is sharpened. D. Their body reactions are delayed.
29. The application of TMS to the brain described in Paragraph 5 leads to__________.
A raised memory capacity B. enhanced painting skills
C. changed artistic taste D. improved decision-making ability
30. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To propose an abstract theory of art making.
B. To reveal the beauty of science in an artistic way.
C. To share some personal understanding of artworks.
D. To introduce a new research field for art appreciation.
第二节 短文填空(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’ve all heard of IQ, and terms like EQ, which relates to your emotional intelligence, are commonly used. But have you heard of AQ AQ stands for adversity quotient (商数). ____31____
Being able to handle these rough periods we all go through is not only crucial in our personal lives but in our professional lives too. So how can we learn to be more adaptable
Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us. In the workplace, it could be in the form of unemployment, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion. ____32____ AQ measures our ability to tackle the shocks when life throws curveballs at us. It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the way we learn from changes in environment. In short, our adaptability when there is an extreme change.
____33____ according to Dr Heshmat at the University of Illinois. First, try and find a meaningful goal. Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome. Learning to relax and control your emotions is another key step. And it is one way to help you reduce pressure by practising breathing exercises. Likewise, thinking of things constantly and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. See difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. ____34____
Things happen in life we can’t prevent. ____35____ But, taking a few steps to be more adaptable can make them a little easier to get through.
A. It’s vital to keep silent in new surroundings.
B. Sometimes they aren’t pleasant or unexpected.
C. It measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life.
D. Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.
E. The best way to adapt to a new environment is to give yourself more time,
F. There are some steps to help you be more adaptable in the face of adversity,
G. Failed relationships and financial hard times are things that can occur outside of work.
三、语言知识应用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____36____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____37____ me on the train. My ____38____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____39____ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____40____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____41____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____42____, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____43____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____44____ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I ____45____ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to ____46____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed ____47____ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____48____ me just how much one can gain from ____49____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____50____ with locals from all walks of life.
36. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
37. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
38. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
39. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
40. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
41. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
42. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
43. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download
44. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
45. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
46. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
47. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
48. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
49. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
50. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Featuring a dynamic design, the horse-face skirt is widely preferred by fans of traditional clothing in China. Exploring ways ____51____ (promote) the culture, they prefer to wear traditional clothing when taking part in cultural activities and share the beauty on the Internet.
The horse-face skirt ____52____ (originate) in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty due to its functionality and artistic style. It is ____53____ (traditional) composed of two identical overlapping (部分重叠) panels ____54____ (wrap) around the left and right side of the lower body. Each panel is composed of a large rectangular (长方形的) panel of fabric, a side piece made up of several smaller panels and another rectangular panel narrower than the first. ____55____ (attach) to a waistband by ties, the two sides overlap each other so that one of the large straight panels on each piece is in the front and back of the skirt. This overlapping nature leaves openings in the front and back of the skirt, making ____56____ very suitable for horse-riding.
While maintaining the essential design ____57____ (element) of the horse-face skirt, modern designers change its outline, length, or detailing to match current fashion trends, appealing ____58____ a broader audience for usual daywear or formal evening fashions.
“This kind of skirt shows the grand ____59____ (elegant) that is admired in Chinese culture. Knowing _____60_____ we come from, we can then be clear about where we are going, ” Daben, a Chinese vlogger, told the Global Times.
第II卷(共55分)
四、单词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
根据句意及中文提示，写出所缺单词的适当形式，一空一词。(必须使用选择性必修三第一单元至第五单元单词表内黑体单词的适当形式填空)
61. “I wish I could, but I have some homework to do,” he said,__________(婉拒) their invitation politely . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
62. He received the award in __________(赞誉) of his success over the past year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
63. So may I __________ (谦卑地) suggest we all do something next time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
64. Try not to let __________(消极的) thoughts take over. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
65. Sociology is one of the fairly new __________(学科) in college. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
66. I suggest __________(不参加) the afternoon’s class. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
67. These __________(政策) have a broad base of support. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
68. __________(包容) is the quality of allowing other people to say and do what they like, even if you do not agree with or approve of it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
69 He was already __________ (登上) the plane. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
70. There is plenty of __________(相当不错的) food in the grocery stores. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
71. Is the painting a __________ (真正的) Picasso (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
72. The announcement was greeted __________ (热烈地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
73. I helped him put up some ______ (架子) in his bedroom. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
74. The dark __________(抛光) wood shone like glass. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
75. Rich industrialized countries have ________（播下）the seeds of global warming. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
五、完成句子(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
根据句意及中文提示完成句子，每个短语一个空。(必须使用选择性必修三第一单元至第五单元单词表内短语的适当形式填空)
76. 我和我妈妈都喜欢流行音乐。
Not only me but also my mom _______________ pop music.
77. 他的画以其逼真的人脸和深刻的情感影响而区别于其他绘画，得到了广泛的认可。
His paintings, _______________ other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact, has been widely recognized
78. 有一名同学特别值得表扬。
One of our classmates _______________ deserves a mention.
79. 她筋疲力尽到睁不开眼睛。
So _______________ was she that she could rarely open her eyes.
80. 我代表学生会写信邀请您给我们做一个关于中国历史的演讲。
_______ the Students’ Union, I’m writing to invite you to give us a speech on Chinese history.
81. 他指责美国政府依赖一成不变的政策。
He accused the US government of _______________ paint-by-numbers policies.
82. 要是塑料和橡胶被焚，就会放出有毒的气体。
If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll ________ ________ poisonous gases.
83. 这份报告里有些调查结果值得注意。
A number of the report’s findings _______________ note.
84. 此外，纳税人将调整自己的行为以应对这些税收变化。
In addition, taxpayers will adjust their own behavior __________ these tax changes.
85. 除了拒绝他，我别无选择。
I have no choice but _______________ .
86. 在一个每年发生几十起地震的国家建立核电站实在愚蠢。
It’s sheer folly to build nuclear power stations in a country that has _______________ earthquakes every year.
87. 下定决心，你就能继续前进。
_______________, and you will move on.
88. 由一堆杂乱的巨石构成，海岸线崎岖不平。
_______________ a jumble of huge rocks, the shoreline was rugged.
89. 爸爸和沃尔特一见如故。
Dad and Walter hit it off _______________.
90. 他搭起帐篷，生起火来取暖，并在上面煮食物。
He put up our tents and _______________ to keep us warm and cook food on.
六、读后续写(共1小题;满分25分)
91. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It snowed for days. Everything was frozen solid. As we hadn’t the heating in our classroom, most of us wore thick and warm clothes. Then, by chance I discovered under Lucas’ dirty woolen coat, there was just a semi-sleeved shirt.
It was so strange that I couldn’t help wondering whether Lucas was crazy to make such a choice. I told this to the boys in my class. “How stupid!” We all ran to see Lucas and jokingly pulled of his coat. Lucas stepped back, shaking with both cold and anger. I saw tears welled into his eyes.
When I went back home, I told mom “the stupid choice” Lucas made.
Mom fell silent. Then she made a phone call. The next day, she told me to bring a package to the school. “Give it to Lucas. Tell him to put on the clothes in it.”
“Why ” As a fourth-grader, I wasn’t wise enough to see something hidden behind. It was years later that I understood that Lucas’ family had the basics, but there was little money for much else beyond food and shelter.
Mom hugged me and said softly, “Guess why a hungry person doesn’t eat ”
“Because he can’t get any food to eat.” I answered loudly.
“Exactly.” Mom said, “So, why doesn’t Lucas wear thick and warm sweater ”
It all clicked into place.
It made me feel guilty. Mom said it was unkind to make fun of disadvantaged friends. And mom also told me to “see” through my heart, but not just through my eyes. I wondered “How ”
At the end of the term, the teacher told us we were going to take a class picture as, for some reason, we would break up when we stepped into the fifth grade. Twenty-two students lined up in three rows and faced the camera with happy smiles. The teacher told us anyone who paid a dollar would bring a class picture back home. I could hardly wait to get my first class picture.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then suddenly, I thought of Lucas.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lucas was frozen in shock when the teacher handed him that class picture.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023学年第二学期期中三校联考
高二英语
第I卷(共95分)
一、语法选择(共15题,每小题1分，满分15分)
请从1-15题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出正确的一项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. Just as Martin Luther King, Jr. said, peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek, but a means ______ we arrive at the goal.
A. in which B. with which C. by which D. to which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词+关系代词。句意：正如马丁·路德·金所说，和平不仅是我们追求的遥远目标，也是我们实现目标的手段。“通过……的方式”为by ...means，先行词为means ，作by的宾语，应用冠词代词which，构成“介词+which”结构引导的定语从句。故选C项。
2. I still cherish the days ________ I spent with those farmers in the countryside in those years, ________ has a lasting effect on my entire life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, what D. when, that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我仍然很珍惜那些年在农村和那些农民一起度过的日子，这对我的一生都有深远的影响。分析句子结构可知，第一空为关系词引导的限定性定语从句，从句中缺少spent的宾语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词the days指的是时间，所以使用关系代词that或者which；第二空为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词指的是主句的内容，指的是事情，所以使用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选A项。
3. John showed me the photo and said, “This is the very gallery _______ we visited last month, not the factory _______ father worked last year.”
A. which; that B. that; that C. that; where D. which; where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰给我看了照片，说：“这就是我们上个月参观的画廊，不是爸爸去年工作的工厂。”第一空定语从句修饰先行词gallery，在从句作宾语，且由the very修饰只能用that引导；第二空定语从句修饰先行词factory，在从句作地点状语，应用where引导。故选C。
4. We admire him for the way ________ he faces his difficulties.
A. where B. what C. that D. which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们钦佩他面对困难的方法。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词way，关系词替代先行词在从句作状语，应用that/in which或不填。故选C。
5. The newly-shown movie is well worth ________. Hence, your first main job today is ________ to the cinema! I assume that this experience you’ve been looking forward to ________ rewarding.
A. being seen; going; being B. seeing; to go; is C. seeing; to go; being D. being seen; to go; is
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：这部新上映的电影很值得一看。所以，你今天的首要任务就是去看电影！我猜你期待已久的这段经历会有所回报。根据“is well worth”可推知，此处用固定短语be worth doing sth.表示“值得做某事”，第一空用see的动名词形式作宾语，主动形式表被动；第二空作句子的表语，说明主语的具体内容，应用go的不定式形式；that引导的宾语从句中，you’ve been looking forward to为修饰先行词experience的定语从句，第三空是宾语从句的谓语部分，时态应用一般现在时，主语this experience为单数，be动词应用is。故选B。
6. —What did Mr. Black say to you just now
—He asked us ________________ the next day
A. what would the weather be like B. what will the weather be like
C. what the weather would be like D. what the weather was like
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：——布莱克先生刚才对你说了什么 ——他问我们第二天的天气如何。根据He asked us可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句的语序应用陈述语序，根据asked与the next day可知，应用过去将来时。故选C项。
7. It remains ______ how many senior citizens will actually benefit from this new plan .
A. to see B. being seen C. seen D. to be seen
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有多少老年人能从这个新计划中真正受益还有待观察。分析句子可知，设空处接在remains后作表语，应用不定式表将要发生的动作，并且不定式和它的逻辑主语之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动结构，故选B
8. — Shall we take a break We ________ for a whole morning.
— I’m sorry we can’t. We are on a tight schedule.
A. was working B. have been working
C. worked D. had work
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：——我们休息一下好吗 我们已经工作了整整一个上午。——很抱歉我们不能。我们的时间很紧。根据“Shall we take a break ”和“I’m sorry we can’t. We are on a tight schedule.”可知，这里表示从过去就开始工作，并且现在还在进行中，并且仍然继续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。故选B。
9. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________ steadily since 1997.
A. is rising B. are rising C. has been rising D. have been rising
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1997年以来，在中国大学就读的外国学生人数一直在稳步上升。根据“since 1997 ”可知，本句为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，再结合句意可知，本句为现在完成进行时。the number of +名词复数，谓语动词为单数。故选C项。
10. In the past few days the professor along with his assistants _____on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A. has been working B. were working
C. have been working D. was working
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几天里，教授和他的助手们一直在夜以继日地做这个项目，以赶上最后期限。“In the past few days”意为“在过去几年里”，谓语动词用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时；along with连接两个主语，谓语动词根据前一个主语决定；主语the professor是单数，助动词用has，因此空格处是has been working。故选A。
11. Grass skiing is a rising form of entertainment, popular with young people, ___________focus is on the adventurous and enjoyable form of a sports activity.
A. who B. when C. where D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：草地滑雪是一种新兴的娱乐形式，受到年轻人的欢迎，他们的关注点是一种体育活动即惊险又好玩。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词people与从句中的名词focus有所属关系，即“人们的关注点”，应用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故选D。
12. ________is often the case with human beings, many animals sleep a lot when young, but sleep much less when they get older.
A. Which B. It C. As D. What
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如人类经常遇到的情况一样，许多动物年幼时睡得很多，但长大后睡得更少。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后边的整个句子，且空处表示“正如”，应用as引导从句。故选C项。
13. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation ________ to computer games and the online world.
A. to be attracted B. attracted C. being attracted D. to attract
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：对于你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引是很正常的。此处句型“it + be ＋形容词＋( for sb.)+ to do sth .”，it 为形式主语，不定式是真正主语， 句中teenagers of your generation与 attract之间为被动关系，因此空处应用动词不定式的被动式 to be done 形式。故选A项。
14. He is ______ in painting so much and his dream is ______ an extraordinary artist.
A. interested; to become B. interesting; to become
C. interested; becoming D. interesting; becoming
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意：他对绘画很感兴趣，他的梦想是成为一名非凡的艺术家。空1的主语是He，所以用-ed结尾形容词interested，修饰人的感情，作表语，be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”；空2此处表示未发生的动作，应用动词不定式，即to become，作表语。故选A。
15. —What did your teacher say to you just now
—He told me that two thirds of the earth______ with water.
A. is covering B. are covering C. was covered D. is covered
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：——你的老师刚才对你说了什么？——他告诉我，地球的三分之二被水覆盖。结合“地球的三分之二被水覆盖”可知，that引导的宾语从句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语 two thirds of the earth与 cover“覆盖”为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数形式，be动词用is。故选D。
二、阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
The cost of living crisis is causing suffering for millions this winter. One in five people are worried about where their next meal will come from. Parents who live near you are burdened with anxiety about how they will afford to feed their children. Families are struggling and don’t know where to turn. Yet while people go hungry, three million tonnes of surplus(剩余的) food is being wasted every year.
Fare Share is a national charity working to get that food to people who are struggling—but we need your help. A gift of 90 could provide three meals a day to a family of four for a whole month. Plus, you may be entitled to recover 25p of tax on every 1 you give as gift money.
Your gift will help us redistribute food to our network of 8,500 local charities and community groups across the UK. You’ll also help people to access other services and support through these groups, strengthening communities and easing loneliness through food.
WILL YOU DO YOUR FARESHARE PLEASE HELP PEOPLE GOING HUNGRY THIS WINTER
How could your 90 help feed a family in your community surplus food is received from suppliers. FareShare redistributes the food to local charities helping people in need. People and families can get healthy meals at day centres, youth groups and community cafes.
We’d love to keep you up to date on Fare Share’s work including fundraising updates. Please get in touch by calling us on 0300 302 3677 or emailing fundraiser@fareshare.org.uk
To give online, please visit fareshare.org.uk/community 1. For more information please scan the QR code.
16. What is the primary focus of FareShare
A. Providing gifts for families. B. Redistributing surplus food.
C. Organizing festival events. D. Offering tax recovery services.
17. What additional benefit will Fare Share donors receive
A. They will receive a tax refund.
B. They will help run the local charities.
C. They will be recognized as organizers.
D. They will receive free meals for themselves.
18. Where does this text probably come from
A. A travel blog. B. A news report.
C. A community noticeboard. D. An entertainment magazine.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文，为慈善组织Fare Share的招募捐助者的公告。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Yet while people go hungry, three million tonnes of surplus( 剩余的 ) food is being wasted every year. (然而，在人们挨饿的同时，每年有300万吨剩余粮食被浪费)”及第三段“Your gift will help us redistribute food to our network of 8,500 local charities and community groups across the UK.(你的礼物将帮助我们在英国重新分配食物到我们的网络8,500当地慈善机构和社区团体)”可知，FareShare主要的主要宗旨是重新分配剩余粮食。故选B项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Plus, you may be entitled to recover 25p of tax on every 1 you give as gift money.(此外，你可能有资格收回作为礼金的每1英镑中25便士的税)”可知，FareShare捐助者将会收到部分退税。故选A项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Fare Share is a national charity working to get hat food to people who are struggling—but we need your help. A gift of 90 could provide three meals a day to a family of four for a whole month. (Fare Share是一个全国性的慈善机构，致力于为生活困难的人们提供食物，但我们需要你的帮助。一份90英镑的礼物可以为一个四口之家提供一整个月的一日三餐)”及倒数第二段“We’d love to keep you up to date on Fare Share’s work including fundraising updates. Please get in touch by calling us on 0300 302 3677 or emailing fundraiser@fareshare.org.uk(我们很乐意让您了解Fare Share的最新工作，包括筹款的最新情况。请致电0300 302 3677或发邮件至fundraiser@fareshare.org.uk与我们联系)”可知，本文为慈善组织Fare Share的招募捐助者的公告，因此，最有可能来自一个社区布告栏。故选C项。
B
One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. I became immediately interested because of the word “Poems” that appeared in big, hot pink letters.
“Is it good ” I asked her.
“Yeah,” she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leaned forward.
“Patty Poem,” she read the title. Who is Patty I wondered. The poem began:
She never puts her toys away,
Just leaves them scattered(散乱的)where they lay, …
The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:
When she grows and gathers poise(稳重),
I’ll miss her harum-scarum(莽撞的)noise,
And look in vain(徒劳的) for scattered toys.
And I’ll be sad.
A terrible sadness washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.
“It’s you, honey,” my mother said sadly.
To my mother, the poem described a parent’s feeling when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was terrible. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible that I began crying.
“What’s wrong ” my mother asked.
“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”
She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay ”
“Okay,” I was still crying. My fear had gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple that I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now crazy about the idea of poetry (诗歌), words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.
I have since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem. After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.
19. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again
A. It has a meaningful title. B. It was a thick enough book.
C. Something on its cover caught her eye. D. Her mother was reading it with interest.
20. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem” probably because ______.
A. it was a sign of her own childhood B. it was written in simple language
C. it was written by a famous poet D. it made her think of what would happen
21. What does the underlined word probably mean
A. Easily. B. Hardly. C. Nearly. D. Narrowly.
22. It can be known from the passage that “Patty Poem” leads the writer to ______.
A. experience great homesickness B. recognize her love for puzzles
C. find her wishing to grow up D. discover the power of poetry
【答案】19. C 20. D 21. A 22. D
【解析】
【导语】本文属于记叙文，叙述了作者通过阅读《帕蒂的诗》感受到诗歌的美，进而爱上了诗。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I became immediately interested because of the word “Poems” that appeared in big, hot pink letters. (我立刻就感兴趣了，因为“Poems”这个词是明亮鲜艳的粉红色大字。)”可知，作者会被这本书所吸引是因为这本书封面上印着明亮鲜艳的粉红色大字“Poems”，这引起了她的注意。故选C项。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第六段中“To my mother, the poem described a parent’s feeling when her child grows up and leaves. (对我母亲来说，这首诗描述了一个妈妈在孩子长大离开时的感受。)”可知，对妈妈来说这首诗让她想起我也会长大，也会离开她。由此推知，作者的母亲喜欢读《帕蒂的诗》可能是因为这本书让她想到将要发生的事情。故选D项。
【21题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前“The language was simple, so simple that I could...(语言很简单，简单到……)”可推知，既然如此简单，那应该是很“容易”明白，划线词plainly的意思为“容易地”。A. Easily很容易；B. Hardly几乎没有；C. Nearly差不多；D. Narrowly勉强地。故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most. (毕竟，《帕蒂的诗》让我爱上了诗歌，但不是因为这首诗让我精神振奋，而是因为这首诗最伤我的心。)”可推知，《帕蒂的诗》让作者感受到了诗歌的力量。故选D项。
C
The maker of ChatGPT recently announced its next move into generative artificial intelligence. San Francisco-based OpenAI’s new text-to-video generator, called Sora, is a tool that instantly makes short videos based on written commands, called prompts.
Sora is not the first of its kind. Google, Meta and Runway ML are among the other companies to have developed similar technology. But the high quality of videos displayed by OpenAI — some released after CEO Sam Altman asked social media users to send in ideas for written prompts-surprised observers.
A photographer from New Hampshire posted one suggestion, or prompt, on X. The prompt gave details about a kind of food to be cooked, gnocchi (意大利团子), as well as the setting — an old Italian country kitchen. The prompt said: “An instructional cooking session for homemade gnocchi, hosted by a grandmother — a social media influencer, set in a rustic (土气的) Tuscan country kitchen.” Altman answered a short time later with a realistic video that showed what the prompt described.
The tool is not yet publicly available. OpenAI has given limited information about how it was built. The company also has not stated what imagery and video sources were used to train Sora. At the same time, the video results led to fears about the possible ethical and societal effects.
The New York Times and some writers have taken legal actions against OpenAI for its use of copyrighted works of writing to train ChatGPT. And OpenAI pays a fee to The Associated Press, the source of this report, to license its text news archive (档案) . OpenAI said in a blog post that it is communicating with artists, policymakers and others before releasing the new tool to the public.
The company added that it is working with “red teamers” — people who try to find problems and give helpful suggestions — to develop Sora. “We are working with red teamers-express in areas like misinformation, hateful content, and bias — who will be adversarially testing the model,” the company said. “We’re also building tools to help detect misleading content such as a detection classifier that can tell when a video was generated by Sora.”
23. What makes Sora impressive
A. Its extraordinary video quality. B. Its ethical and societal influence.
C. Its artificial intelligence history. D. Its written commands and prompts.
24. What can we infer from the text
A. Some disagreements over Sora have arisen.
B. Sora is the first text-to-video generator in history.
C. OpenAI CEO Altman wrote a prompt as an example.
D. All the details about how Sora was built have been shared.
25. What is the main idea of Paragraph 6
A. The company’s current challenge.
B. The company’s advanced technology.
C. The company’s problems in management.
D. The company’s efforts for Sora’s improvement.
26. What is the author’s attitude towards Sora
A. Neutral. B. Optimistic. C. Pessimistic. D. Cautious.
【答案】23. A 24. A 25. D 26. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了OpenAI新推出了一款文本到视频生成器Sora，文章介绍了其特点以及其争议。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“But the high quality of videos displayed by OpenAI—some released after CEO Sam Altman asked social media users to send in ideas for written prompts-surprised observers.(但OpenAI显示的高质量视频——其中一些是在首席执行官萨姆·奥特曼要求社交媒体用户发送书面提示的想法后发布的——让观察者感到惊讶)”可知，Sora让人印象深刻的是其非凡的视频质量。故选A。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“OpenAI has given limited information about how it was built. The company also has not stated what imagery and video sources were used to train Sora. At the same time, the video results led to fears about the possible ethical and societal effects.(OpenAI提供的关于它是如何构建的信息有限。该公司也没有说明用于训练Sora的图像和视频来源。与此同时，视频结果引发了人们对可能产生的道德和社会影响的担忧)”可知，视频结果引发了人们对可能产生的道德和社会影响的担忧。由此可知，社会上就Sora出现了一些分歧。故选A。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第六段“The company added that it is working with “red teamers” —people who try to find problems and give helpful suggestions—to develop Sora. “We are working with red teamers-express in areas like misinformation, hateful content, and bias—who will be adversarially testing the model,” the company said. “We’re also building tools to help detect misleading content such as a detection classifier that can tell when a video was generated by Sora.”(该公司补充说，它正在与“红队成员”合作开发索拉。红队成员试图发现问题并提出有用的建议。该公司表示：“我们正在与错误信息、仇恨内容和偏见等领域的红队快递员合作，他们将对该模式进行不利的测试。”。“我们还在构建一些工具来帮助检测误导性内容，比如一个检测分类器，它可以判断视频是由索拉生成的。”)”可知，第六段主要介绍了公司为Sora的改进所做的努力。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The maker of ChatGPT recently announced its next move into generative artificial intelligence. San Francisco-based OpenAI’s new text-to-video generator, called Sora, is a tool that instantly makes short videos based on written commands, called prompts.(ChatGPT的制造商最近宣布了其向生成人工智能的下一步行动。基于旧金山的OpenAI新的文本到视频生成器Sora是一种基于书面命令（称为提示）即时制作短视频的工具)”可知，主要介绍了OpenAI新推出了一款文本到视频生成器Sora。作者客观的在陈述Sora的特点以及其争议，该公司为了Sora的改进所做的努力。所以作者对Sora的态度是中立的。故选A。
D
I love making art and looking at artworks. I’ve found myself wondering how we gain pleasure from art. And now neuroaesthetics, a combination of neuroscience (神经科学) and aesthetics (美学), may provide an answer.
Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments. Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful. Similar research has been done to understand the “neuronal fireworks” that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc.
But why do we find some art beautiful and other art ugly According to research, it all comes down to the “aesthetic triad (三元组合)”.
The first part of the triad is sensory-motor. This involves perceiving things like colours, shapes and movements. Movement in art has an interesting role. If you see a painting of a movement, like of a man pulling his arm away after being bitten by a dog, you feel like going through a similar experience. The part of your brain that controls your own movements lights up in response.
Second is emotion-valuation. This is how a piece of art makes you feel, and whether or not you appreciate or enjoy that feeling. The part of the brain related to pleasure is activated in response to something we find beautiful. This system can be affected in fascinating ways, as found by research using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) (经颅磁刺激). If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art. Such stimulation produces significant changes in aesthetic appreciation of faces, bodies and artworks.
The third part is meaning-knowledge. This is to do with how we can connect with a piece of art and what meaning we can create in it. Art is deeply personal, because when two people see the same artwork, our perception can create vastly different experiences of meaning. If we find meaning, then we often find pleasure. We also get enjoyment from the knowledge of how something was made. For the images that an artist creates, viewers will probably get far more enjoyment once they know the process used to create them.
Informed by neuroaesthetics, the next time I create my art I will value the process even more, enjoying the activation of the aesthetic triad in my brain as I admire the vivid images that I have created.
27. What does “neuronal fireworks” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. A beautiful painting or sculpture. B. The lighting-up of specific brain areas.
C. An advanced brain imaging technology. D. The aesthetic assessment of modern art.
28. What effect does movement in art produce on the viewers
A. Certain part of their brain is activated. B. Their experience of pain is reduced.
C. Their aesthetic sense is sharpened. D. Their body reactions are delayed.
29. The application of TMS to the brain described in Paragraph 5 leads to__________.
A. raised memory capacity B. enhanced painting skills
C. changed artistic taste D. improved decision-making ability
30. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A. To propose an abstract theory of art making.
B. To reveal the beauty of science in an artistic way.
C. To share some personal understanding of artworks.
D. To introduce a new research field for art appreciation.
【答案】27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经美学这一学科领域，以及它如何解释我们为何会从艺术中获得愉悦感。
【27题详解】
词句猜测题。划线短语上文“Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments. Researchers use brain imaging technique to see which brain areas light up when we view paintings that we consider beautiful.(神经美学是一个相对年轻的研究领域，研究的是当我们进行审美评估时大脑会发生什么。研究人员使用脑成像技术来观察当我们看到我们认为美丽的画作时，大脑的哪些区域会发光。)”提出当进行审美评估，看到时美丽的画作时，我们大脑的一些区域会“发光”。划线词所在句“Similar research has been done to understand the “neuronal fireworks” that occur when we look at inspiring sculptures, attractive faces, impressive dance, etc.(类似的研究已经完成，以了解当我们看到鼓舞人心的雕塑，迷人的面孔，令人印象深刻的舞蹈等时发生的“neuronal fireworks”)”提出类似研究发现，人们在看到鼓舞人心的雕塑，迷人的面孔，令人印象深刻的舞蹈等时会产生“neuronal fireworks(神经元烟花)”。文中将两种情况进行了类比，由此推知，“neuronal fireworks(神经元烟花)”与上文中的“大脑的一些区域会‘发光’”是同一个意思，即指上文中的“The lighting-up of specific brain areas”。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Movement in art has an interesting role. If you see a painting of a movement, like of a man pulling his arm away after being bitten by a dog, you feel like going through a similar experience. The part of your brain that controls your own movements lights up in response.(运动在艺术中起着有趣的作用。如果你看到一幅描绘一个动作的画，比如一个人被狗咬了后把胳膊抽走，你会觉得自己也有类似的经历。你大脑中控制你自己动作的部分会相应地亮起来。)”可知，当人们看到艺术中的运动时，人们会觉得自己也有类似的经历，大脑中控制自己动作的部分会相应地亮起来，也就是该部分被激活了。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“This system can be affected in fascinating ways, as found by research using transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) (经颅磁刺激). If TMS is applied to a specific part of your brain behind your forehead that is particularly important for decision-making, you suddenly like different kinds of art. Such stimulation produces significant changes in aesthetic appreciation of faces, bodies and artworks.(通过使用经颅磁刺激(TMS)的研究发现，该系统可以以令人着迷的方式受到影响。如果颅磁刺激应用于前额后大脑中对决策特别重要的特定部位，你就会突然喜欢上不同种类的艺术。这种刺激使人们对面孔、身体和艺术品的审美发生了重大变化。)”可推知，颅磁刺激会使人们的审美发生变化。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Neuroaesthetics is a relatively young field of research on what happens in the brain when we make aesthetic assessments.(神经美学是一个相对年轻的研究领域，研究我们在进行美学评估时大脑中发生了什么)”及全文内容可知，文章介绍了神经美学这一学科领域，以及它如何解释我们为何会从艺术中获得愉悦感，因此作者的目的是介绍一个新的研究领域，即神经美学，以帮助人们更好地欣赏艺术。故选D。
第二节 短文填空(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
We’ve all heard of IQ, and terms like EQ, which relates to your emotional intelligence, are commonly used. But have you heard of AQ AQ stands for adversity quotient (商数). ____31____
Being able to handle these rough periods we all go through is not only crucial in our personal lives but in our professional lives too. So how can we learn to be more adaptable
Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us. In the workplace, it could be in the form of unemployment, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion. ____32____ AQ measures our ability to tackle the shocks when life throws curveballs at us. It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the way we learn from changes in environment. In short, our adaptability when there is an extreme change.
____33____ according to Dr Heshmat at the University of Illinois. First, try and find a meaningful goal. Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome. Learning to relax and control your emotions is another key step. And it is one way to help you reduce pressure by practising breathing exercises. Likewise, thinking of things constantly and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. See difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. ____34____
Things happen in life we can’t prevent. ____35____ But, taking a few steps to be more adaptable can make them a little easier to get through.
A. It’s vital to keep silent in new surroundings.
B. Sometimes they aren’t pleasant or unexpected.
C. It measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life.
D. Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.
E. The best way to adapt to a new environment is to give yourself more time,
F. There are some steps to help you be more adaptable in the face of adversity,
G. Failed relationships and financial hard times are things that can occur outside of work.
【答案】31. C 32. G 33. F 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AQ的定义以及如何适应环境。
【31题详解】
根据前文“AQ stands for adversity quotient.(AQ代表“逆境商”。)”可知，这里介绍的是AQ的含义及作用。C选项“It measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life.(它衡量你应对生活起起落落的能力。)”符合题意。故选C。
【32题详解】
根据前文“In the workplace, it could be in the form of unemployment, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion.(在工作场所，可能是失业，我们工作的公司破产或重组，甚至错过了晋升机会。)”可知，前句介绍的是在工作场所所遇到的逆境，下文应该接着介绍在工作场所外逆境的情况。G选项“Failed relationships and financial hard times are things that can occur outside of work.(失败的关系和经济困难时期都可能发生在工作之外。)”符合题意。故选G。
【33题详解】
根据后文的“First, try and find a meaningful goal. Adaptable people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome. Learning to relax and control your emotions is another key step. And it is one way to help you reduce pressure by practising breathing exercises. Likewise, thinking of things constantly and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. See difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. (首先，试着找到一个有意义的目标。适应性强的人通常有一个目标，能够更专注于期望的结果。学会放松和控制你的情绪是另一个关键步骤。这是通过练习呼吸练习来帮助你减轻压力的一种方法。同样地，不断地想着事情，让它们来烦你，会让你感到有压力。把困难更多地看作是学习和情感成长的机会。最后，确保你有一个良好的社会支持网络。)” 可知，本段开头是起引出下文的作用，本段介绍的是帮助我们适应逆境的方法。F选项“There are some steps to help you be more adaptable in the face of adversity,(有一些方法可以帮助你在逆境中更有适应能力。)”符合题意。故选F。
【34题详解】
根据前文“Finally, make sure you have a good social support network.(最后，确保你有一个良好的社会支持网络。)”可知，这里介绍的方法是有良好的交际圈，有可以倾诉的朋友。D选项“Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.(能够和别人谈论我们面临的挑战是有帮助的。)”符合题意。故选D。
【35题详解】
根据前文“Things happen in life we can’t prevent.(生活中发生的事情我们无法阻止。)”及后文“But, taking a few steps to be more adaptable can make them a little easier to get through.（但是，采取一些更容易适应的步骤可以让它们更容易通过。）”可知，通过后文的“But”，可知前句介绍的是生活出现的一些对我们造成不良影响的事情不可避免。B选项“Sometimes they aren’t pleasant or unexpected. (有时它们并不令人愉快或出乎意料。)”符合题意。故选B。
三、语言知识应用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共 15 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____36____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____37____ me on the train. My ____38____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____39____ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____40____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____41____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____42____, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____43____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____44____ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I ____45____ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to ____46____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____47____ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____48____ me just how much one can gain from ____49____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____50____ with locals from all walks of life.
36. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
37. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
38. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
39. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
40. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
41. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
42. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
43. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download
44. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
45. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
46. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
47. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
48. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
49. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
50. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. C 41. A 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors (你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Featuring a dynamic design, the horse-face skirt is widely preferred by fans of traditional clothing in China. Exploring ways ____51____ (promote) the culture, they prefer to wear traditional clothing when taking part in cultural activities and share the beauty on the Internet.
The horse-face skirt ____52____ (originate) in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty due to its functionality and artistic style. It is ____53____ (traditional) composed of two identical overlapping (部分重叠) panels ____54____ (wrap) around the left and right side of the lower body. Each panel is composed of a large rectangular (长方形的) panel of fabric, a side piece made up of several smaller panels and another rectangular panel narrower than the first. ____55____ (attach) to a waistband by ties, the two sides overlap each other so that one of the large straight panels on each piece is in the front and back of the skirt. This overlapping nature leaves openings in the front and back of the skirt, making ____56____ very suitable for horse-riding.
While maintaining the essential design ____57____ (element) of the horse-face skirt, modern designers change its outline, length, or detailing to match current fashion trends, appealing ____58____ a broader audience for usual daywear or formal evening fashions.
“This kind of skirt shows the grand ____59____ (elegant) that is admired in Chinese culture. Knowing _____60_____ we come from, we can then be clear about where we are going, ” Daben, a Chinese vlogger, told the Global Times.
【答案】51. to promote
52. originated
53. traditionally
54. wrapped
55. Attached
56. it 57. elements
58. to 59. elegance
60. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统服饰马面裙在中国传统文化中的地位和演变，以及其在当代时尚中的影响和发展。
【51题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：探索推广文化的方法，他们在参加文化活动时更喜欢穿传统服装，并在互联网上分享美。way后面用to do不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的方法”，故填to promote。
【52题详解】
考查时态。句意：马面裙起源于宋朝，由于其功能性和艺术风格，在明朝流行起来。根据“in the Song Dynasty”可知，originate用一般过去时，故填originated。
【53题详解】
考查副词。句意：它通常由两个完全重叠的面板组成，分别包裹在下半身的左右两侧。此处用副词作状语修饰动词composed，故填traditionally。
【54题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：它通常由两个完全重叠的面板组成，分别包裹在下半身的左右两侧。此处使用非谓语动词，panels与wrap之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填wrapped。
【55题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：通过系带，两侧相互重叠，这样每个部分的一个大直面板在裙子的前面和后面。此处使用非谓语动词，the two sides与 attach之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，且首字母大写，故填Attached。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：这种重叠的特性在裙子的前面和后面留下了开口，使得骑马非常合适。此处make缺少宾语，指代“the skirt”应该使用代词it，从而避免重复出现“the skirt”，故填it。
【57题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在保持马面裙基本设计元素的同时，现代设计师改变其轮廓、长度或细节，以适应当前的时尚趋势，吸引更广泛的日常服装或正式晚礼服众多观众。element为可数名词，为泛指意义，用复数形式，故填elements。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在保持马面裙基本设计元素的同时，现代设计师改变其轮廓、长度或细节，以适应当前的时尚趋势，吸引更广泛的日常服装或正式晚礼服众多观众。固定短语appeal to：吸引，故填to。
【59题详解】
考查词性转换。句意：这种裙子展现了中国文化中所推崇的伟大优雅。此处用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“优雅”，即elegance，它为不可数名词，故填elegance。
【60题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：知道我们来自哪里我们就可以清楚我们要去哪里。knowing后面使用连词引导宾语从句，从句中缺少from的宾语，表示“从哪里来”，故填where。
第II卷(共55分)
四、单词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
根据句意及中文提示，写出所缺单词的适当形式，一空一词。(必须使用选择性必修三第一单元至第五单元单词表内黑体单词的适当形式填空)
61. “I wish I could, but I have some homework to do,” he said,__________(婉拒) their invitation politely . (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】declining
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“我希望我能去，但我有作业要做，”他说，礼貌地拒绝了他们的邀请。根据汉语提示可知，decline“婉拒”，动词，和逻辑主语he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填declining。
62. He received the award in __________(赞誉) of his success over the past year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查不可数名词。句意：他受到了奖励，这是对他过去一年的成绩的肯定。根据汉语提示可知，表示“赞誉”的名词为recognition（不可数）。in recognition of…“对……的肯定，为赞誉……”为固定搭配。故填recognition。
63. So may I __________ (谦卑地) suggest we all do something next time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】humbly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：所以，我可以谦虚地建议我们下次都做点什么。根据汉语提示“谦卑地”可知，此处使用副词humbly，作状语，修饰动词suggest。故填humbly。
64. Try not to let __________(消极的) thoughts take over. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】negative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽量别受消极的想法左右。根据汉语提示可知，表示“消极的”的形容词为negative，作定语修饰名词thoughts。故填negative。
65. Sociology is one of the fairly new __________(学科) in college. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disciplines
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：社会学是大学里新兴的学科之一。根据汉语提示可知，表示“学科”的名词为discipline，根据“one of+可数名词复数”，空处应用名词的复数形式，作宾语。故填disciplines。
66. I suggest __________(不参加) the afternoon’s class. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】skipping
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我建议不去上下午的课。根据汉语提示可知，表示“不参加”的动词为skip，suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”为固定搭配，空处应用动名词skipping作宾语。故填skipping。
67. These __________(政策) have a broad base of support. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】policies
【解析】
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这些政策有广泛的支持基础。根据汉语提示可知，表示“政策”的名词为policy，根据These可知，空处应用名词复数policies，作主语。故填policies。
68. __________(包容) is the quality of allowing other people to say and do what they like, even if you do not agree with or approve of it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Tolerance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：宽容是允许别人说他们喜欢的话，做他们喜欢做的事，即使你不同意或不赞成。根据汉语提示可知应用名词tolerance，作主语，不可数，首字母大写。故填Tolerance。
69. He was already __________ (登上) the plane. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】aboard
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：他已经登机了。根据汉语提示“登上”可知，此处使介词aboard，aboard the plane (登机)作状语。故填aboard。
70. There is plenty of __________(相当不错的) food in the grocery stores. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】decent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：杂货店里有很多像样的食物。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据所给中文提示词，应是decent意为“相当不错的”符合语境。故填decent。
71. Is the painting a __________ (真正的) Picasso (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】genuine
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这幅画是毕加索的真迹吗？根据汉语提示“真正的”可知，此处使用形容词genuine，作定语，修饰名词Picasso。故填genuine。
72. The announcement was greeted __________ (热烈地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】enthusiastically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这一宣布受到热烈欢迎。根据汉语提示“热烈地”可知，此处使用副词enthusiastically，作状语，修饰谓语was greeted。故填enthusiastically。
73. I helped him put up some ______ (架子) in his bedroom. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】shelves
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我帮他在他的卧室装了一些架子。空处应填名词作宾语，结合汉语提示可知，shelf架子，是可数名词，由some可知应用复数形式。故填shelves。
74. The dark __________(抛光) wood shone like glass. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】polished
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词或形容词。句意：深色抛光的木头像玻璃一样闪闪发光。根据汉语提示可知，表示“抛光”的动词为polish，动词polish与名词wood之间是逻辑被动关系，空处应用过去分词转换而来形容词polished，作定语，修饰名词wood。故填polished。
75. Rich industrialized countries have ________（播下）the seeds of global warming. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】sown##sowed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：富裕的工业化国家已经播下了全球变暖的种子。根据汉语提示和空格前的助动词have可知，空格处应该填入动词sow（播种）的过去分词形式。故填sown或sowed。
五、完成句子(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
根据句意及中文提示完成句子，每个短语一个空。(必须使用选择性必修三第一单元至第五单元单词表内短语的适当形式填空)
76. 我和我妈妈都喜欢流行音乐。
Not only me but also my mom _______________ pop music.
【答案】is fond of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。空处表示“喜欢”，使用介词短语be fond of，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，not only...but also连接并列主语时，谓语动词和较近的主语保持一致，本句中较近的主语是mom，表示单数意义，be动词使用is。故填is fond of。
77. 他的画以其逼真的人脸和深刻的情感影响而区别于其他绘画，得到了广泛的认可。
His paintings, _______________ other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact, has been widely recognized
【答案】set apart from
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“区别于”，用set apart from表示“与……分开，使分离”。本句谓语为has been recognized，此处为非谓语动词，且His paintings与set apart from为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语，修饰His paintings。故填set apart from。
78. 有一名同学特别值得表扬。
One of our classmates _______________ deserves a mention.
【答案】in particular
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“特别”，用固定短语in particular。故填in particular。
79. 她筋疲力尽到睁不开眼睛。
So _______________ was she that she could rarely open her eyes.
【答案】worn out
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。空处表示“筋疲力尽”，使用固定短语be wron out，形容词短语作表语，故填worn out。
80. 我代表学生会写信邀请您给我们做一个关于中国历史的演讲。
_______ the Students’ Union, I’m writing to invite you to give us a speech on Chinese history.
【答案】On behalf of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。名词前用介词短语，根据汉语“代表”可知，是介词短语on behalf of，位于句首，首字母大写。故填On behalf of。
81. 他指责美国政府依赖一成不变的政策。
He accused the US government of _______________ paint-by-numbers policies.
【答案】relying on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“依赖”，使用动词短语rely on，用动名词形式作介词of的宾语，故填relying on。
82. 要是塑料和橡胶被焚，就会放出有毒的气体。
If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll ________ ________ poisonous gases.
【答案】 ①. give ②. off
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据中文和英文句子可知，空处缺少“放出、释放”的英文表达give off。句子为If引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，They’ll后用动词原形。故填①give；②off。
83. 这份报告里有些调查结果值得注意。
A number of the report’s findings _______________ note.
【答案】are worthy of
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“值得”，用固定短语be worthy of。结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语A number of the report’s findings为复数，故be动词用are。故填are worthy of。
84. 此外，纳税人将调整自己的行为以应对这些税收变化。
In addition, taxpayers will adjust their own behavior __________ these tax changes.
【答案】in response to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，空格处应表达“以应对”，应用介词短语in response to“作为回应，作为对……的反应”。故填in response to。
85. 除了拒绝他，我别无选择。
I have no choice but _______________
【答案】to turn him down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“拒绝他”，表示“拒绝”应用动词短语turn sb down；表示“他”用him，作宾语。have no choice but to do sth.表示“除了……别无选择”为固定短语，应用to turn。故填to turn him down。
86. 在一个每年发生几十起地震的国家建立核电站实在愚蠢。
It’s sheer folly to build nuclear power stations in a country that has _______________ earthquakes every year.
【答案】dozens of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。由所给句意可知，空格处应表达“几十”，用固定短语dozens of“几十”。故填dozens of。
87. 下定决心，你就能继续前进。
_______________, and you will move on.
【答案】Make up your mind
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句。根据句意可知，表示“下定决心”的动词短语应用make up one’s mind，根据下文主语you可知，此处one’s应是your，并且此处为“祈使句+and+简单句”句子结构，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Make up your mind。
88. 由一堆杂乱的巨石构成，海岸线崎岖不平。
_______________ a jumble of huge rocks, the shoreline was rugged.
【答案】Made up of/Composed of
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词根据句意可知，“由……构成”应用固定搭配be made up of/be composed of，句中已有be动词was，且无连词，空处作非谓语动词，去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Made up of/Composed of。
89. 爸爸和沃尔特一见如故。
Dad and Walter hit it off _______________.
【答案】straight away
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。“一见如故”是固定短语hit it off straight away，所以空格处填入straight away。故填straight away。
90. 他搭起帐篷，生起火来取暖，并在上面煮食物。
He put up our tents and _______________ to keep us warm and cook food on.
【答案】made fire
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。表示“生火”应用made fire，与put up并列。根据句意和put up可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填made fire。
六、读后续写(共1小题;满分25分)
91. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It snowed for days. Everything was frozen solid. As we hadn’t the heating in our classroom, most of us wore thick and warm clothes. Then, by chance I discovered under Lucas’ dirty woolen coat, there was just a semi-sleeved shirt.
It was so strange that I couldn’t help wondering whether Lucas was crazy to make such a choice. I told this to the boys in my class. “How stupid!” We all ran to see Lucas and jokingly pulled of his coat. Lucas stepped back, shaking with both cold and anger. I saw tears welled into his eyes.
When I went back home, I told mom “the stupid choice” Lucas made.
Mom fell silent. Then she made a phone call. The next day, she told me to bring a package to the school. “Give it to Lucas. Tell him to put on the clothes in it.”
“Why ” As a fourth-grader, I wasn’t wise enough to see something hidden behind. It was years later that I understood that Lucas’ family had the basics, but there was little money for much else beyond food and shelter.
Mom hugged me and said softly, “Guess why a hungry person doesn’t eat ”
“Because he can’t get any food to eat.” I answered loudly.
“Exactly.” Mom said, “So, why doesn’t Lucas wear thick and warm sweater ”
It all clicked into place.
It made me feel guilty. Mom said it was unkind to make fun of disadvantaged friends. And mom also told me to “see” through my heart, but not just through my eyes. I wondered “How ”
At the end of the term, the teacher told us we were going to take a class picture as, for some reason, we would break up when we stepped into the fifth grade. Twenty-two students lined up in three rows and faced the camera with happy smiles. The teacher told us anyone who paid a dollar would bring a class picture back home. I could hardly wait to get my first class picture.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then suddenly, I thought of Lucas.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lucas was frozen in shock when the teacher handed him that class picture.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Then suddenly, I thought of Lucas. Could he pay the extra 1 dollar to get his class picture I ran to my friends the moment the bell rang. We discussed that problem for a long time and finally drew the conclusion that very likely he wouldn’t get the picture. Then we rushed to the teacher’s office for confirmation. We withdrew from the office, upset and silent. “Maybe we can buy one for him.” I proposed. We counted our changes, sent it to our teacher and then waited for the big day excitedly.
Lucas was frozen in shock when the teacher handed him that class picture. He stood up, lowered his head, and whispered nervously, “No, I didn’t…” The teacher smiled, “But your best friends did pay for your class picture.” Lucas raised his head in disbelief and looked around the class. Everyone smiled and then applauded, even if some students didn’t know what happened. At the moment, a surge of pride swept through me. I felt I knew how to see through my heart, but not just see through my eyes.
【解析】
【导语】本文以班级同学为线索展开，故事讲述了作者发现同学Lucas在寒冷的天气里，只在羊毛大衣下穿了短袖衬衫，认为他是愚蠢的，并和同学一起取笑他。放学后作者把此事告诉妈妈，妈妈让他给Lucas送衣服，并教导他不应嘲笑弱势群体。作者受到妈妈的启发，在学期结束时作者说服其他同学，一起用零钱为Lucas买了一张班级照。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，我想起了Lucas。”可知，第一段可描写作者想帮助Lucas，替他交钱买一张班级照。
②由第二段首句内容“当老师递给Lucas那张班级照片时，他吓了一跳。”可知，第二段可描写Lucas的反应，以及他的感激，和作者的自豪。
2.续写线索：作者想到Lucas——作者找同学讨论——确定计划——收集零钱送给老师——Lucas得到照片——Lucas感谢——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①讨论：discuss/debate
②送给：send/give
情绪类
①难过的：upset/sad/frustrated
②自豪： pride/be proud
【点睛】[高分句型1] We discussed that problem for a long time and finally drew the conclusion that very likely he wouldn’t get the picture. (由连接词that引导的同位语从句)
[高分句型2] Everyone smiled and then applauded, even if some students didn’t know what happened. (由even if引导让步状语从句)
