人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future Vocabulary 单词课件(共125张PPT)

(共125张PPT)
1. phrase 词块：a set phrase
2. persuade (说服) 词块：persuade sb to do sth, persuade sb into / out of (doing) sth
(使信服) 词块：persuade sb of sth, persuade sb / oneself that …
3. switch 词块：switch off / on
4. distant di- (=dis-, apart 分离) + st (to stand 站立) + -ant (形容词后缀) → 分开站立的 → 遥远的 (基本义)
5. secure se- (free from 无) + cur (care 关心) + -e → 不需要关心的 → 安心的
形容词动词化 ；派生词：security
6. appliance apply + -ance (名词后缀)
词块：turn on / off appliances, electrical / household appliances
7. remote re- (back 向后) + mot (to move 移动) + -e → 向后移动，越来越远 → 遥远的
近义词：distant；词块：a remote village, a remote control
本单元词汇梳理
8. automatic auto (self 自己) + matic (think 思考) → 自己思考的 →
自动的
派生词：automatically
9. integrate & integrated integrate — integrated
词块：integrate ... into / with ...
10. sensor sense (感觉) + -or (名词后缀)
11. efficient ef- (out 出) + fic (make, do 做) + -i + -ent (形容词后缀) → 能做出事来的 → 有效率的
反义词：inefficient
词族：efficient, efficiency, efficiently, inefficient
12. mode 词块：flight / energy-efficient mode
13. routine 词块：daily routine
14. preference prefer — preference
15. instant in- (into 进入) + st (to stand 站立) + -ant → 站在附近的、紧急待
命的 → 立即的
词块：instant coffee / noodles, for an instant, in an instant, the instant (that) …
派生词：instantly
mand com- (completely 完全) + mand (命令) → 命令
词块：command sb to do sth, command that ... (should) do sth, have a good command of
17. warning warn (v 警告) + -ing；词块：issue / give a warning to
18. constant con- (表示强调) + st (to stand 站立) + -ant (形容词后缀) → 始终站立的 → 不变的；派生词：constantly
19. abnormal ab- (not 非) + normal (正常的) → 不正常的、反常的
20. critical crit (to judge 判断) + -ic (名词后缀) + -al (形容词后缀) → 爱作判断的 → 批判的；挑剔的
词块：be critical to, critical thinking, a critical illness
21. potential & potentially potential — potentially
词块：achieve / fulfil(l) / reach one’s (full) potential
22. leak 一词多义：基本义“漏”水
隐喻：具体的“漏”水 → 抽象的“泄露”消息等
23. electrical 词族：electric, electrical, electrically, electrician, electricity
24. wire & wiring wire — wiring
25. detect de- (不、非) + tect (to cover 掩盖) → 不再被掩盖 → 察觉、发现
派生词：detective
26. relevant 词块：(be) relevant to；反义词：irrelevant
27. fantasy 派生词：fantastic
28. innovation in- (into 入) + nov (new 新的) + -ation (表示结果) → 引入新的思想、方法 → 创新、革新
29. available 英语释义：able to be used or can easily be bought or found
30. structure struct (to build 建造) + -ure (名词后缀) → 建造的状态或行为 → 结构、构造
重难点词
精讲
distant & constant & instant
词根
一词多义
secure & security
一词多义
形容词动词化
persuade
一词多义
搭配义
switch
英语释义
搭配义
critical
一词多义
potential &
potentially
熟词生义
available
英语释义
command
一词多义
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. He decided to persuade his grandpa __________ (set) the bird
free.
2. Get a coffee machine for your home or office, or persuade your
company _________ buying one. Tell them it will improve
productivity（生产率）.（2010 浙江）
3. My parents persuade me _____ the importance of going to
college.
into
of
to set
persuade
二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. _________________________________（由于没有说服我父母）, I failed to go to a music school, where my interest lay. (persuade)（2013 湖北）
2. There is nothing more I can _________________________（劝说
你留下来）, so I wish you good luck.
3. She didn’t really want to go to Beijing, but Tony _____________________（说服了她）somehow.
4. Advertisements __________________（使我们相信）newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.（2015 安
徽）
Not having persuaded my parents
try to persuade you to stay
managed to persuade her
persuade us that
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. She could switch easily from French to English. ______
2. According to the air traffic rules, you should switch off your
mobile phone before boarding. ______
3. The switch in the bathroom is broken and we need a new one for
the light. ______
4. This kind of boat comes with electric pump（泵）. And all you have to
do is just switch it on. ______
5. Tom said he would switch with me on Saturday. ______
6. Can I switch over to the movie channel ______
转换
关掉
开关
打开它
转换
调换
switch
distant
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. To many people, technology means computers or vehicles that travel to distant planets.（2019 天津改） ____________
2. I would like to have my own house in the distant future.
____________
3. After the quarrel（争吵）Sue remained cold and distant.
____________
4. Ashley’s boyfriend is a distant relative of mine. ____________
5. Peace was just a distant hope in the past. ____________
6. The life in the countryside has become a distant memory.
____________
遥远的
遥远的将来
冷淡的 / 疏远的
远亲
遥不可及的
遥远的回忆
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. It is important to store wine at a constant temperature. _________
2. You use less petrol if you drive at a constant speed. _________
3. The Forbidden City attracts a constant stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.（2013 福建） _________
4. The English language is constantly changing. _________
络绎不绝的游客
不断地
constant
恒温
匀速
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. A new government cannot bring about instant change. _________
2. Paul prefers instant coffee to tea. _________
二、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. ______________（立即）her mood had changed. (instant)
2. Just ______________（刹那间）I thought he was going to refuse. (instant)
三、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
她一停止问问题，我就起身走出了房间 。(the instant that)
_________________________________________________________
立刻的 / 立即的
速溶咖啡
The instant that she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out of the room.
instant
In an instant
for an instant
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Children need to feel secure in order to do well at school. _________
2. We want a secure future for our children. _________
3. She has bought a bicycle and is worried about security. _________
4. It’s standard practice for a company like this one to employ a security
guard. _________
5. This insurance plan offers your family financial security in the event of
your death. _________
6. If it’s a choice between higher pay and job security, I’d prefer to keep my
job. __________
安全
保安
经济保障
secure & security
安心的
可靠的未来
工作保障 / 工作稳定
Phrase
Phraphase: a group of words that have a particular meaning when used together, or which someone uses on a particular occasion.
Example: Who first used the phrase“survival of fitness" '
适者生存’这一说法最早是谁说的
Vocabulary Building:
[VT]. means to express sth in a particular way.表达/表述
eg: Sorry,I phrased that badly.抱歉，我表述得不好。
Polly tried to phrase how to phrase the question.波莉在思索这个问题该怎么提。
persuade
生活中有的时候我们不得不试图说服别人。比如，你可能要说服朋友一起去看你最喜欢的电影，或是说服父母给你买某样东西。劝说是一门艺术，需要的不仅仅是口若悬河。你认为应该如何劝说别人呢？
We can’t force someone to do what they don’t want. The art of persuasion is to get them to want what you want.
说服；劝服 (talk into)：
She is always easily persuaded.
persuade sb to do sth:
She persuaded me to go to a dental school.
persuade sb into (doing) sth:
I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.
2015 浙江书面表达
persuade sb out of (doing) sth:
We persuaded him out of his foolish plan.
persuade vt
注：表示“劝说”，但不一定“劝服”时，用 try to persuade。
She would try to persuade local business leaders to contribute money to the cause. 2017 北京改
使相信；使信服 (convince)：
persuade sb of sth:
I’m persuaded of his honesty.
persuade sb + that 从句:
I persuaded him that I was telling the truth.
persuade sb 后接that从句，sb不能省略
【词汇拓展】
persuasion n [U] 说服
persuasive adj 有说服力的
persuade
talk into
convince
说服；劝服
使相信；使信服
程度递进
persuade 语义网络图
开灯、关灯你会表达吗？
开灯 __________________ the light
关灯 __________________ the light
turn on
turn off
开、关电视如何表达？
开电视 __________________ the TV
关电视 __________________ the TV
turn on
turn off
词汇科普：早期的电器的开关钮其实是旋转开关,多用turn,而现在都是平面开关，多用 switch。
switch
/ switch on
/ switch off
/ switch on
/ switch off
n [C]
开关；电闸：
turn on / off the light switch
骤变；突变
vt & vi
改变；转变 to change from one thing to another：
He switched the conversation from one subject to another.
交换；调换 to exchange one thing for another：
We asked them if they would switch places with us.
强调“变”，重在change，常和 from, to 搭配
强调“换”，重在exchange sth for sth else
switch
名词动词化
switch off 关上（电灯、电视等）；[非正式用语] 不听；不理睬：
Have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer 人教新选必① – 2
Thankfully, I’ve learned to switch off and let it go over my head.
switch on 打开（电灯、电视等）：
I hear that song whenever I switch on the radio.
switch over 改变；转换：
We’ve switched over to mobile banking.
同义异构：turn on
同义异构：turn off
switch 语义网络图
n 开关
（基本义）
强调“变”
v 扳动开关
名词动化
由开到关，由关到开，状态瞬间发生彻底改变
由具象到抽象
switch
强调“换”
骤变；突变
改变；转变
交换；调换
distant
So the furthest distance in the world
is not in two distant trees.
It is the same rooted branches
but can’t depend on each other in the wind.
所以世界上最远的距离
不是树与树的距离
而是同根生长的树枝
却无法在风中相依
——出自《世界上最遥远的距离》
拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔(Rabindranath Tagore，1861—1941)，印度诗人、文学家。代表作有《飞鸟集》(Stray Birds)、《新月集》(The Crescent Moon) 等。
distant adj
di-（= dis-, apart 分离）+ st（to stand 站立）+ -ant（形容词后缀）→ 分开站立的 → 遥远的（基本义）
同根词：
constant: con-（表示强调）+ st（to stand 站立）+ -ant（形容词后缀）→ 始终站立的 → 不变的
instant: in-（into 进入）+ st（to stand 站立）+ -ant（形容词后缀）→ 站在附近的，紧急待命的 → 立即的
遥远的；远处的；久远的：
The time we spent together is now a distant memory.
These rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants.
疏远的；冷淡的：
Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone.
[只用于名词前] 远亲的 反 close：
He is my distant cousin / relative.
distant adj
distant 语义网络图
distant
遥远的
基本义
人和人之间关系“遥远的”
亲戚关系 / 血缘关系“遥远的”
距离、时间
“遥远的”
远亲的
遥远的；远处的；久远的
疏远的；冷淡的
constant adj
固定的；不变的：
a constant temperature
drive at a constant speed
［常用于名词前］不停的；连续不断的；持续的：
A constant dropping wears away a stone.
She needed constant medical attention.
词汇拓展
constantly adv 经常地；不断地
adj［常用于名词前］立刻的；马上的 (immediate)；即食的：
instant messenger
an instant reply
instant coffee / noodles
n [C]［常用单数］瞬间；片刻 (moment)：
I couldn’t answer for an instant.
In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water. 2010 陕西
the instant (that) 一……就：
The instant (= As soon as) she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out of the room.
instantly adv 立即；马上 (immediately)
instant
secure
我们平时坐地铁或火车时，都需要过安检。那么“安检”一词怎么表达呢？
安心的；有把握的：
She felt secure when she was with her family.
安全的 (safe)；稳妥的；可靠的：
a secure job / income
牢固的；坚固的；稳固的：
Check that all windows and doors are secure.
Keep your passport in a secure place.
secure adj
se- (without 没有) + cure (to care 关心) → 不需要关心的 → 安心的
安心的
secure
（基本义）
安心的；有把握的
事情使人感到“安心的”
人对境况感到“安心的”
牢固的；坚固的；稳固的
secure语义网络图
物体处于固定状态让人感到“安心的”
安全的；稳妥的；可靠的
使安全；保卫；获得：
Worrying about community safety, I prefer to secure my house with new technology. 2013 广东
使……固定：
He secured the rope firmly to the back of the car.
Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s down with a rock. 2017 全国
vt
形容词动词化
secure 动词释义来源于形容词，其词源义及基本义为 “to make safe”，即“使安全”。
security
看图
猜词
安检
security check
保安人员
security guard
security n
[U] 安全：
a sense of security
[U] 安全工作；保安措施：
security checks / cameras
You have to stay away from the painting for security reasons. 2012 重庆改
[U] 担保；保障；[U] & [C] 抵押品：
financial security
Remote [adj].
Paraphrase: A. far from towns or other places where people live, equivalent to isolated. 偏远的
Example: We used to live in a remote border town for a few years.
我们曾在一个偏远的边境小镇住过几年。
Paraphrase: B. far away in time,equivalent to distant.远古的，遥远的，久远的
Example: In today's class we are gong to talk about the remote time when dinosaurs walked the earth.
今天这节课我们讲恐龙霸行天下的远古时代。
Remote [adj].
Paraphrase: C.being controlled from a distance using radio,or electronic signals. 远程的
Example: Nowadays Russians need a large number of missiles guided by remote control.
俄罗斯人需要大量的远程制导导弹。
remote control 遥控器，遥控
Condition
con-, 强调。-dit, 说
Paraphrase:(1) If you talk about the condition of a person or thing, you are talking about the state that they are in, especially how good or bad their physical state is. (尤指健康) 状况，常用单数
Example:
He remains in a critical condition in a California hospital.
他在加利福尼亚的一家医院里，仍处于危急的状况。
Paraphrase:(2) The conditions under which something is done or happens are all the factors or circumstances which directly affect it. (某事完成或发生的) 条件,常用复数
eg: It's easy to make a wrong turn here even under ideal weather conditions.
即使在非常理想的天气条件下，也很容易在这里拐错弯。
Paraphrase:(2) The conditions in which people live or work are the factors which affect their comfort, safety, or health. (生活或工作的) 环境，常用复数
eg: (1) People are living in appalling conditions.
人们生活在极其恶劣的环境中。
(2) I could not work in these conditions any longer.
我再也不能在这样的环境中工作了。
On condition that
on conditionthat=if只能引导条件状语从句; that不能省略;
该连词引导的主从句的时态也遵循主将从现原则。
On conditionthat是一个固定搭配，可用于强调
某人采取行动前必须事先认可的条件，通常位于主句之后，意思是“如果”“只要”“以..为条件”等。
Attention:（1） 连用陈述语气
eg：(1) I will come on condition (that) she is invited too.
如果邀请她来，那我就来。
(2)I’ll lend it to you on condition that you bring it back tomorrow.
我把它借给你，条件是明天你还给我。
Attention:（2） 连用虚拟语气
eg：(1) He can use the bicycle on condition that he should return it tomorrow.
如果他明天能还回来，就可以借用这辆自行车。
(2) I reluctantly agreed to a postponement on condition that the sale should be completed and the boat handed over by 31st August.
只有销售事宜得以办妥，并在8月31日前交付那艘船，我才勉强同意延期。
Automatic
Paraphrase:(1) having controls that work without needing a person to operate them (自动的)
automatic doors 自动门
a fully automatic driverless train 全自动无人驾驶火车
eg: Modern trains have automatic doors.
现代火车都有自动门。
Paraphrase:(2) done or happening without thinking (无意识的；不假思索的)
eg: You will automatically wake up after this length of time.
你将在这段时间之后自然醒来。
integrate
Paraphrase:(1) vi/vt. means A. if two or more things integrate, or if you integrate them together, they combine or work together in a way that makes sth more effective.
eg: Colorful illustrations are integrated intothetext.
课文里配有插图。
integrate
Paraphrase:(2) to become part of a group or society and be accepted by them, or to help sb do this.(使)融入(某群体或社会);(使)成为一体
eg: We're looking for people who can integrate with a team.我们在寻求能融入团队的人。
Phrase: 1. integrate with 使与…结合
2.integrate into 成为一体，融入；使…并入
integrate
Vocabulary Building
(1) integrate[v]. make into a whole or make part of a whole 整合
eg：The strategy is to integrate the development of these cities for a better economic structure.
策略就是整合这些城市的发展，以便形成更好的经济结构。
(2) Integrated adj. an integrated system, institution,etc. Combines many different groups, ideas or parts in a way that works well.
eg：A well-run city needs an integrated transport system.
管理好一点的城市都需要有一套综合公共交通体系统。
integrate
Vocabulary Building
Integrated adj. an integrated system, institution,etc.
Paraphrase: Combines many different groups, ideas or parts in a way that works well.
eg：A well-run city needs an integrated transport system.管理好一点的城市都需要有一套综合公共交通体系统。
Phrase: 1. integrate with 使与…结合
2.integrate into 成为一体，融入；使…并入
sensor
Paraphrase: any device that receives a signal or stimulus (as heat or pressure or light or motion etc.) and responds to it in a distinctive manner
eg: A sensor channels the light signal along an optical fibre.
传感器沿光导纤维输送光信号。
efficient
Paraphrase: adj. If sb or thing is efficient, they work well without wasting time, money or energy.(opp.inefficient)
eg: Lighting is now more energy efficient.
如今的照明设备更加节能。
Vocabulary building
efficiency【n】.
Paraphrase: A.(u)the quality of doing sth well and effectively, without wasting time,money,or energy.
Energyefficiency can play a huge role in reducing pollution.
能源效率可在减少污染方面发挥巨大作用。
Mode(formal)
Paraphrase (1). a particular way or style of behavingliving or doing something, equivalent to method.方式，方法，做法（method）
eg：Western modes of thought are different from Chinese modes of thought.
西方人的思维模式和中国人的思维模式不同。
Paraphrase (2). particular way in which a machine or piece of equipment can operate.(术语)远行方式，模式
eg：To get out of the 'auto’ mode on the camera, turn the knob to M.
将按钮旋转到M，可退出相机的自动模式。
Vocabulary building
be the mode means(formal) to be fashionable at a particular time 流行
eg：Long skirts were then the mode.长裙当时很时兴。
Routine n .
Paraphrase(1): (c/u) the usual order in which you do things, or the things you regularly do.惯例，常规，例行公事
eg： John’s departure had upset their daily routine.
Paraphrase(2): (n) 程序(program)
...an installation routine.…一个安装程序。
route,路线，-ine,形容词后缀。引申词义常规的，日常的。
Routine adj .
Paraphrase(1): 常规的
eg：...a series of routine medical tests including X-rays and blood tests.
…一系列包括X光和验血在内的常规医学检查。
Paraphrase(2): 平淡的
eg：So many days are routine and uninteresting, especially in winter.
太多的日子都是平淡和无趣，尤其是在冬季。
route,路线，-ine,形容词后缀。引申词义常规的，日常的。
Preference n.
Paraphrase (1).(c/u) if you have a particular for sth, you like it more than another thing and will choose it if you can.
eg: Parents may be able to express a preference as to the school their child will attend.
家长也许可以表明愿意让孩子就读哪所学校。
Paraphrase (2).(c/u)when sb is treated mor favourable than other people,often when he or she has been treated unfairly in the past.优待，优惠，优先权
eg: In allocating housing,preference is given to families with young children.
房屋优先分给有年幼孩子的家庭。
command
com- (completely 完全) + mand (命令) → 命令
command vt
指挥；命令：
The judge commanded silence.
① command sb to do sth:
The captain commanded his men to fire.
② command + that ... (should) do sth:
He commanded that the troops (should) cross the water.
获得；赢得：
Large football clubs benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries. 2011 江西
command n
[C] 命令 an order that should be obeyed：
A soldier should obey commands.
[U] 指挥；控制 the control of a group of people or a situation：
The fire officer took command, ordering everyone to leave the building.
He has 500 men under his command.
[U]［常用单数］（尤指对语言的）掌握；运用能力 the knowledge of sth or ability to use sth, especially a language：
I have such a good command of English that I am
elected as assistant to my English teacher. 2015 陕西书面表达
[C]（计算机的）指令
词汇拓展
commander n [C] 司令官；指挥官；海军中校
Obey vi&vt
adj. obedient (be obedient to)
Paraphrase: to do what you are told or expected to do 服从；遵守；
eg: He had always obeyed his parents without question. 他对父母一向绝对服从。
Synonym: abide by\follow\observe
Antonym: disobey 不服从；违抗
Obey vi&vt
adj. obedient (be obedient to)
Synonym: abide by\follow\observe
Antonym: disobey 不服从；违抗
eg: We have to abide by the new rules.
Take care to follow the instructions.
Both sides have observed the ceasefire.
phrase：obey to
warning [ w n ] n. 警告; 警示(可数); 先兆
warn: v. 警告; 告戒; 提醒注意
eg: The doctor warned me not to drink.
医生告诫我不要喝酒。
warn sb of sth
warn sb (not) to do sth
warn sb that …
abnormal [ b n ml] adj. 不正常的; 反常的
Antonym: normal [ n ml]
n. 常态; 正常 adj. 正常的; 平常的
否定前缀【in- im- un- dis- il- ab- non- -less】
early on 在初期; 早先
later on: 以后，随后来; 随后(afterwards)
crit (to judge 判断) + -ic (名词后缀) + -al (形容词后缀) → 爱作判断的 → 批判的；挑剔的
critical adj
批判的； 挑剔的：
Students are encouraged to develop critical thinking instead of accepting everything they are told without questioning it.
严重的；危急的：
Smart toilets will warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness. 人教新选必① – 2
紧要的；关键的 extremely important：
The first 24 hours after the operation are the most critical.
These talks are critical to the future of the peace process.
critical
你不能选择你的潜能，但你可以选择去发挥潜能。
——西奥多·罗斯福
potential
西奥多·罗斯福（Theodore Roosevelt，1858—1919），人称老罗斯福，荷兰裔美国军事家、政治家、外交家 ，第 26任美国总统，是美国历史上最年轻的在任总统。罗斯福因成功地调停了日俄战争，获得1906年的诺贝尔和平奖。他是第一个获得此奖项的美国人。
adj［只用于名词前］可能的 (possible)；潜在的 likely to become a particular type of person or thing in the future：
a potential disaster
potential resources / customers / bosses
n [U] 潜能；可能性：
achieve / fulfill / reach one’s (full) potential
He has the potential to become a world-class musician.
potentially adv 潜在地；可能地
potential
leak[li k]
vi.&vt. 漏；渗漏；透漏
n. 漏洞；裂缝；透漏
Phrase: leak sth. to sb. 向某人泄露某事
leak out 泄露；走漏
leak into 渗入
eg：Water had started to leak into the cellar.
水已开始渗入地下室。
eg：More details are now beginning to leak out.
更多的细节现在开始泄露出来。
electrical [ lektr kl]: adj. 电的; 用电的
electric [ lektr k]: adj. 电的; 带电的; 发电的; 电动的
electronic adj. 电子的
electricity [ ,lek tr s t ]: n. 电
electric: 通常指使用电力的。
electrical: 与更概括的名词如equipment, wiring 等连用, 以及与电有关的事物连用。 不过现在两者的区别并不总是如此明显。
电子邮件/电子游戏/电子设备
electronic mail/electronic games/electronic devices
26. wiring [ wa r ]: n. 电线线路; 线路系统
wire [ wa ]: n. 电线; 金属丝/线
v. 接通电源; 将…连接到
wireless adj.无线的
wire ... (up) to...: 将…连接到...
27. detect [d tekt] vt. 发现; 查明
detection n. 察觉，发现
detector n. 探测器；检测器
detective: n.侦探（spy）
adj: detectable---detectably (adv.)
wiring [ wa r ]: n. 电线线路; 线路系统
wire [ wa ]: n. 电线; 金属丝/线
v. 接通电源; 将…连接到
wireless adj. 无线的
wire ... (up) to... 将…连接到...
detect [d tekt] vt. 发现; 查明
detection n. 察觉，发现
detector n. 探测器；检测器
detective: n.侦探（spy）
adj: detectable---detectably (adv.)
【练透】
①What he said has no direct __________ (relevant) to the matter in hand.
②The film is relevant ___ what is being discussed in class.
relevant [ rel v nt] adj. 有关的;
Antomym: irrelevant adj.无关的；
relevance n. 相关性；意义
relevantly adv. 有关地；切题地
be relevant to sth 与……有关
Education should be relevant to the child's needs
教育应和孩子的需要挂钩。
30. fantasy['f nt si]n.幻想；想象
fantasy film 奇幻电影 Final Fantasy 最终幻想
fantastic /f n t st k/ 奇异的；空想的；极好的；不可思议的
catch fire: 着火(动作)
be on fire: 着火(状态)
build a fire 生起炉火（火堆）
put out a fire 灭火
play with fire 玩火
add fuel to the fire 火上浇油
fantasy['f nt si]n.幻想；想象
Paraphrase: fiction with a large amount of imagination in it
eg: The story is a magical mix of fantasy and reality.
这个故事是一个幻想与现实的奇妙组合。
fantasy film 奇幻电影
Final Fantasy 最终幻想
adj. fantastic /f n t st k/ 奇异的；空想的；极好的；不可思议的
随堂检测
command
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. He commanded the army ___________ (fire).
2. The boy’s mother commanded that the boy _____________ (clean) his room.
二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. So some have to lead, and some must follow. But who is to ______________（指挥） (command n)
2. He is the commander of the army. That means the whole army is _________________________（由他指挥）.
3. Learning English needs patience and efforts; it is impossible to ______________________（精通）a foreign language within a few months.
to fire
(should) clean
take command
under his command
have a good command of
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The patient is in a critical condition. _________
2. He made some highly critical remarks. _________
3. The talks between the two leaders have reached a critical stage.
_________
4. Reducing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is of critical importance. _________
关键的
极其重要的
critical
危急的
批判性的
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities.（2018 北京改） ___________
2. The European marketplace offers excellent potential for increasing sales. ___________
3. They can help you start a business by supplying useful information of your potential buyers.（2020 天津改） ___________
4. This crisis is potentially the most serious in the organisation’s history. ___________
二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
Theory Y is the view that everyone ________________（有潜力）to find satisfaction in work.（2016 上海）
可能
可能性
潜在的
potential
has the potential
可能地
available
看图
猜释义
available adj
可用的；可得到的 able to be used or can easily be bought or found：
[不用于名词前]（人）有空的 (of a person) free to be seen, talked to, etc.：
Cold drinks will be available at the Sports Center. 2009 天津
With all the information available, they found the hotel in the mountain easily.
In the 1940s, electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States. 2011 安徽改
There will be four basketball courts available for our use with one teacher watching over each game. 2010 福建
I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available. 2013 安徽
availability n [U] 可获得性；可用 / 得到的人或物
词汇拓展
汉语中很难找到精准的词对应，需借助英语释义来理解
一、根据语境，选出下列句子中available的英语释义。
1. Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.（2017 全国） _______
2. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available.（2017 全国） _______
3. We do have tickets available for that movie on those days.（2013 北京） _______
4. The program guidelines and other related information are available at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.（2014 全国） _______
d
a. able to be used
b. can easily be bought
c. can easily be found
d. (of a person) free to be seen, talked to, etc.
a
c
b
available
二、根据汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. I would have gone to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but __________________（我没空）.（2013 安徽改）
2. This information ___________________（任何人都可获得）wishing to see it.
3. — Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind
— Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe
（还能借到）.（2012 福建改）
4. We must consider how to make full use of ____________________
（可用资源）we have.
I was not available
is available to anyone
it is still available
the available resources
innovation
paraphrase: the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new
Synonym: invention\reformation\renovation\renewal
eg: We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage innovation.
我们必须提倡独创性，激发创造力，鼓励创新。
vi. innovation
adj. innovative
1. I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.
2015 浙江书面表达
2. I have such a good command of English that I am
elected as assistant to my English teacher. 2015 陕西书面表达
3. A constant dropping wears away a stone.
4. He has the potential to become a world-class musician.
本单元金句汇总
in this sense从这种意义上说
make sense 讲得通;有意义
make sense of 懂得;了解……的意义
make no sense 讲不通;没有意义
in a sense 在某种意义上;在某种程度上
in no sense决不(置于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
There's no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。
I am terribly sorry to hear that you have difficulty making sense of what your physics teacher says in class.What I must stress is that there is no sense incomplaining. Meanwhile,in no sense should you give up. What you must do now is turn to your classmates and teacher for assistance.In a sense,only if you insist on studying physics can you make obvious progress in the not-too-distant future.
Nevertheless
synonym: however\though
位置灵活：句首，中，末
Nevertheless, the wildlife agency approved the permits.
尽管如此，野生动物管理局还是批准了许可证。
He was in a fine rage, nevertheless.
不过他还是很生气。
Perhaps the biggest disparity, nevertheless, is the process.
然而，最大的差异可能是这个过程。
struture
eg: Sections of the structure have been left unsupported.
Synonym：framework composition construction
adj. structual
combine v
vi & vt（使）结合；（使）组合：
Theory must be combined with practice.
The idea of garden city was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement. 2011 江西改
combine词源解读
com- (together 一起) + bine (two by two 二)
基本义是“使两者合在一起”。
【词汇拓展】
combination n [C] & [U] 结合（体）；联合（体）；混合
vt 兼备；兼顾：
The hotel combines comfort and convenience.
Like her mother Marie Curie, Irene combined family and career. 2011 陕西改
vi & vt（使）化合；（使）混合：
Steel is produced by combining iron with carbon.
combine既可以指物理属性发生变化的化合又可指物理属性未发生变化的混合。
combine…with…把……与……结合起来
combine...and...把……与……结合起来
be\in combined with…与……结合/联合
combine into…联合成……
eg：It is likely some kind of wake-up receivers will be combined into commercial applications soon.
某种唤醒接收器可能很快就会被整合到商业应用中。
combination n.结合;联合
a combination of…一种……的结合(物)
辨析：表示“联合,连接”
易混词 区别
combine “结合,联合”,指为了某一目的而把两事物结合在一起
connect “连接”,指用东西把两个事物连到一起,或两个事物直接相连,二者仍保持原状
join “连接”,指用线、绳、桥等把两个事物或两地连接起来,和connect意思相近,也可指两事物互相紧密相接
unite “联合”,指两种以上的事物结合为一体,强调结合后的统一性
combine语义网络图
combine
合在一起
（基本义）
（使）化合；
（使）混合
（使）结合；
（使）组合
（使）抽象的事物“合在一起”
（使）具体的物质“合在一起”
兼备
把两件或以上的事“合在一起”
把两个或多个特点“合在一起”
兼顾
artificial(not real)
eg：The city is dotted with small lakes, natural and artificial.
这座城市满是天然和人造的小湖泊。
Synonym: synthetic man-made fake imitation
artificial intelligence人工智能
combine
一、在空白处填入combine的正确形式。
1. — In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
— I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two __________.（2010 福建）
2. In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, ____________ the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.（2015 福建）
3. The ____________ weight of the earth’s bacteria is 400 billion tons.
4. I know how I achieved my success. It came from good planning and better doing ___________.（2016 浙江）
5. The _____________ of Fox and Disney will lead to billions of dollars in “synergies”（合并）.
combined
combined
combined
combining
combination
二、根据所给提示，用combine翻译下列句子。
1. 把工作和娱乐结合起来对你来说是件好事。（it作形式主语, business）
________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 我们仍在寻找兼具所有必要品质的人选。（定语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________________________
We are still looking for someone who combines all the necessary qualities.
It will be a good thing for you to combine business and / with pleasure.
重难点词
精讲
occupation
辨析义
emphasis
搭配义
absence
搭配义
resist & resistance
predict & prediction
搭配义
一词多义
正式用语与非正式用语
prospect
一词多义
predict
pre-（before 前、先）+ dict（to say 说）→ 事先说 → 预言
同根词：
indicate: in-（towards 对）+ dic（to say 说）+ -ate（动词后缀）→ 针对某事说清楚 → 指示；指出
dictionary: dict（to say 说）+ -ion（名词后缀：表示行为） + -ary（名词后缀：……之物）→ 说话或措辞用书 → 词典
predict
vt 预言；预计 (forecast)：
predict tomorrow’s weather
① predict + (that) / wh- 从句:
Population experts predict that most people will live in cities in the near future. 2008 上海春
It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. 2018 北京
② it is predicted + that 从句:
It was predicted that inflation would continue to increase.
predictable adj 可预见的；可预料的
prediction n [C] & [U] 预言；预测：
It’s difficult to make accurate predictions about the effects on the environment.
课文
forecast
fore-,在前。cast, 投射。用于天气预报。
Paraphrase(1):【C】 A forecast is a statement of what is expected to happen in the future预报
eg: He delivered his election forecast.
他作了他的选举预报。
(2)【V】They forecast a humiliating defeat for the president.他们预言总统蒙受羞辱的一次失败。
occupation
提到职业，你能想到哪些单词？job,work,career, occupation …
都有什么区别？
occupation n
[U] 占领；居住：
a country under occupation
the wildlife in occupation of the island
[C] 工作；职业：
What do you imagine will be your future occupation
occupation 指某人通常从事的“工作”“职业”，是正式用语，常用于正式文体或表格中。
The applicant is required to state his name, age, and occupation on the form.
work 尤指目的是挣钱的工作、职业。
Though I had a lot of experience, I could not find satisfying work.
career 指生涯、职业。
She fully intends to continue her sporting career once she has recovered from her injuries.
析
辨
profession指需要专门技能（尤其是较高教育水平）的职业、专业。
When he graduated from college, he wanted to enter the medical profession.
trade指行业，尤指手工职业、工艺、行当。
A skilled trade can offer secure（稳定的）employment, even in the worst economic times.
job指工作、职位，是可数名词。
In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
析
辨
oppose vt.反对,反抗;与某人较量
oppose sth./doing sth./sb. doing sth.反对某事/做某事/某人做某事
Attention:
(1)oppose后跟表示动作的词做宾语时,后面要用动名词形式。be opposed to结构中,to 是介词,其后也要用动名词形式。be opposed to doing
(2)表示“反对”的其他表达:disagree with; object to; be against等。
eg: I must say, in common with Helen, that I strongly oppose(=am opposed to) the proposal.
我必须说,与海伦一样,我坚决反对这个建议。
hence
(1)adv.从此,以后
The sports meet will be held three days hence.运动会在三天后举行。
Two years hence they might say something quite different.两年之后他们也许就有不同的说法。
(2)adv.因此
He grew up in Beijing, hence his strong interest in Beijing Opera.
他长在北京,因此对京剧有很浓厚的兴趣。
Hence, they try to assess themselves what went wrong.
因此,他们试着去评定自己哪里出了问题。
辨析比较hence,therefore,thus与so
①hence adv.因此,表示因果关系,后可跟从句也可跟名词。
eg: A better working environment improves people’s performance and hence productivity.
好的工作环境能改善人的表现,从而提高生产率。
②therefore adv.因此, 表示因果关系,可跟从句,但不跟名词。其前必须有分号或破折号隔开或与and连用,才能构成并列分句。
eg: It rained; therefore the game was called off.
下雨了,因此比赛取消了。
eg: Therefore, never give up whatever happens.
因此,无论发生什么事都不要放弃。
③so conj.因此,可独立引导并列分句。
eg: It happened that there was a doctor on the plane, so the old man was saved.
碰巧飞机上有个医生,因此这个老人得救了。
④thus adv. 因此。
a.和therefore 的用法一样。
eg: There has been no rain—thus, the crops are drying.
天没下雨,因此庄稼要枯死了。
b.现在分词做结果状语时,表示伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生),有时在前面加上thus,谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系。
eg: He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch a cold.
被雨淋后他感冒了。
cease
(1)vi:停止,终止
cease from
As suddenly as it began, the rain ceased.雨突然而来,骤然而止。
(2)vt:停止,结束
cease to do sth
That department has ceased to exist forever.那个部门已不复存在。
[adj].deceased已故的
[U]decease死亡;亡故
absence
缺课
absence of school
看图猜词
心不在焉
absence of mind
【温故】
absent 反 present
缺席的；不在的：
be absent from class / work
缺乏的：
His usual big toothy smile was absent today. 2022 新高考
【知新】
absence n 反 presence
[C] & [U] 缺席；不在：
He was eager to be back after more than a week’s absence from school.
[U] 缺乏：
Her absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.
in / during sb’s absence 在某人不在时：
In his absence I looked to see what was on his desk.
in the absence of 在缺乏……的情况下：
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.
absently adv.心不在焉地
课文
单句语法填空
(1)He gave no explanation for his ______(absent) from the meeting.
(2)He acted as chairman _________my absence.
(3)“We’re all going to lose,” said Crowley ______(absent).
emphasis n [C] & [U] (pl emphases) (stress)
强调；重视：
They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family and community.
重读；重音；加重语气：
The emphasis should be on the first syllable.
She said with emphasis that he was innocent.
emphasize / emphasise vt 强调；着重；重读 (stress)：
I’d just like to emphasize how important it is for people to learn foreign languages.
emphasize the third word
课文
lay/put/place emphasis upon/on 强调/重视/着重于……
give emphasis to 强调/重视/着重于……
with an emphasis on在……方面强调
[vt.] emphasize 强调; 重视
[pl] emphases
prospect n
[C]［正式用语］视野；景色：
a delightful prospect of the lake
[U] 可能性 the possibility that sth will happen：
There’s little prospect of better weather before next week.
［单数］展望；设想 an idea of what might or will happen in the future：
When new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect.
[C]［用复数］前景；前途：
job / career prospects
pro- (forward 向前) + spect (look at 看) → 向前看到的事物 (基本义)
词源解读
课文
可能性
向前看到的事物
（基本义）
prospect
脑海中向前看到某事的发生
前景；前途
向前看到的未来成就
prospect 语义网络图
视野；景色
向前看到的景色
向前看到的某事发生的可能性
展望；设想
spect 词根记词汇
expect v 预料；期望
ex- 向外 + (s)pect → 向外看 → 预料；期望
respect v 尊重；尊敬
re- 回 + spect → 回头再看 → 尊重；尊敬
suspect v 怀疑
sus- 由下往上 + spect → 由下往上看 → 怀疑
inspect v 仔细检查；视察；检阅
in- 入 + spect → 进入仔细看 → 仔细检查；视察；检阅
prospect n 可能性；前景；景色
pro- 向前 + spect → 向前看到的事物 → 可能性；前景；景色
aspect n 方面；外观
a- 去 + spect → 去看（到的事物）→ 方面；外观
spect
看
(look at)
resist vt & vi
（用武力）反抗；抵抗：
resist an enemy attack
抗拒；抵制 (oppose)：
I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
resist doing sth:
The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.
re- (against 反对) + sist (to stand 站) → 对立站着 → 抵抗
“抵抗”人
“抵抗”物
课文
［常用于否定句］忍住；按捺住：
I can’t resist the temptation.
I finished the cake. I couldn’t resist it.
resist doing sth:
He found it hard to resist buying these books.
词汇拓展
resistance n [U] 反抗；抵制：
There has been a lot of resistance to tax increases.
“抵抗”诱惑等
正式用语与非正式用语
Informal / Neutral（中性的） Formal / Written
获得学位 get a degree _________ a degree
承认错误 admit / accept mistakes _________ errors
许多女性 many women _________ females
停止生产 stop production _________ production
因此 for this reason / thus _________
然而 however _________
支持……的使用 support the use of _________ the use of
作为……的结果 as a result of _________
根据所给提示完成表格。
obtain
acknowledge
numerous
cease
therefore / hence
nevertheless
advocate
as a consequence of / in consequence of
1. I’d just like to emphasize how important it is for people to learn foreign languages.
2. He found it hard to resist buying these books.
本单元金句汇总
随堂检测
一、根据所给汉语及提示，完成下列句子。
1. ________________（据预测）financial conditions in the country will return to normal.
2. It’s difficult to _______________________（准确预测）about the effects on the environment. (prediction)
二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。
专家预测，在不久的将来人类的工作将被人工智能取代。(predict that …)
________________________________________________
predict & prediction
It’s predicted that
make accurate predictions
Experts predict that the human work will be replaced by artificial intelligence / AI in the near future.
occupation
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. You will be asked to fill in a form with details of your birth and occupation.
___________
2. Parachuting（跳伞）is a dangerous occupation. ___________
3. That farm has been in the occupation of the same family for over a hundred years. ___________
4. The offices will be ready for occupation in June. ___________
5. When the first scientist came to the region they found little evidence of human occupation. ___________
职业
消遣活动
占有 / 占领
使用
居住
根据所给汉语及提示，完成下列句子。
1. My mother was upset with me about my ___________________
（缺课）.
2. A new manager was appointed ___________________（在她不
在时）.
3. He failed in the exam because of his _______________（心不在
焉）.
4. __________________________（没有任何证据）, the police had to let him go.
absence from school
during / in her absence
absence
absence of mind
In the absence of any evidence
emphasis
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. In Japan there is a lot of emphasis on politeness. ___________
2. The emphasis is on the first syllable（音节）of the last word.
___________
3. “I can assure you,” she added with emphasis, “the figures are correct.” ___________
二、根据所给提示，将句子译成英语。
他们重视质量而不是数量。 (emphasis)
________________________________________________________
强调 / 重视
重音
加重语气补充道
They put / place / lay emphasis on quality rather than on quantity.
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. There is every prospect of the weather reamaining dry this week.
___________
2. He’s hoping the course will improve his career prospects.
___________
3. From the restaurant there was a splendid prospect over the mountain and the countryside beyond. ___________
可能性
职业前景
景色
prospect
resist & resistance
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. As with all new ideas it met with resistance. ___________
2. For months the company has resisted changing its accounts system.
___________
3. The soldiers resisted the enemy attacks for two days. ___________
二、根据所给词块，将句子译成英语。
大多数高中生很难抵制玩网络游戏。(resist doing sth)
________________________________________________________
抵制
抗拒 / 拒绝
抵抗
It is difficult / hard for most high school students to resist playing online games.
谢
谢
观
赏