重庆乌江新高考协作体2024届高考模拟监测（三）
英语试题
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following are reviews of four films.
Happiness (Romance)★★★
Happiness tells the story of two people who work for different advertising companies. They talk on the phone all the time and don’t like each other. But then they correspond by email and fall in love. This movie is very popular with teenagers and people who like romances. It also has beautiful music.
I Scream (Thriller)★★
In I Scream, Paul is a young man who joins a thriller club. Each of the members tries to frighten the others. Paul is told to stay in an old house for the night. Everyone who has tried to stay in the house before has died. This movie is very frightening but also quite silly. It doesn’t make sense for Paul to stay in the house when things start to go wrong. It is only for people who like thrillers.
Paul’s Heroes (Comedy)★★★
This is a very funny war movie set in World WarⅡ. Six soldiers have to get to Italy to take secret messages to the American army there. In the movie, they dress up as women and fight with Italian workers. You can guess the ending, but it’s great fun getting there.
________ (Drama)★★★★
This is a very good drama with Jack Ross, who plays a hard working truck driver. His wife becomes ill and he has to find a doctor who can help her. In his travels he meets Dr Lloyd (Phil Driver) who has found the cure for the illness, but Jack Ross has only twelve hours to get the medicine back to his wife on the other side of America. This is an excellent movie, which is very exciting.
21. Which movie does the reviewer like best
A. No.1. B. No.2. C. No.3. D. No.4.
22. Which of the following is the best title for the fourth film
A. A Hard Working Truck Driver B. Medicine C. Strange Illness D. Twelve Hours
23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A Happiness tells the story of two people who don’t like each other but fall in love.
B. Thrillers are popular with most people.
C. Paul’s Heroes is not worth seeing at all.
D. It’s easy for Jack Ross’s wife to be saved.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于几部影片的影评。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This is an excellent movie, which is very exciting.(这是一部优秀的电影，非常令人兴奋。)”以及本段小标题中的★★★★可知这部电影获得了四颗星的评价，而其他三部分别是两颗星或者三颗星，因此，评论者最喜欢第四部电影。故选D项。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“This is a very good drama with Jack Ross, who plays a hard working truck driver. His wife becomes ill and he has to find a doctor who can help her. In his travels he meets Dr Lloyd(Phil Driver) who has found the cure for the illness, but Jack Ross has only twelve hours to get the medicine back to his wife on the other side of America.(这是一部非常好的电视剧，杰克·罗斯扮演一个努力工作的卡车司机。他的妻子病了，他必须找一位能帮助她的医生。在旅途中，他遇到了找到治疗方法的劳埃德医生(菲尔·德赖弗饰)，但杰克·罗斯只有12个小时的时间把药带回美国另一边的妻子身边。)”可知，这部电影主要讲述了主人公需要在12个小时之内把治疗他妻子病的药带给妻子，这是主人公与死亡赛跑的12个小时，D项“12个小时”为最佳标题。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Happiness tells the story of two people who work for different advertising companies. They talk on the phone all the time and don’t like each other. But then they correspond by email and fall in love. This movie is very popular with teenagers and people who like romances.(《幸福》讲述了两个在不同广告公司工作的人的故事。他们一直在打电话，彼此都不喜欢对方。但后来他们通过电子邮件通信并坠入爱河。这部电影很受青少年和喜欢爱情片的人的欢迎。)”可知，《幸福》讲述的是两个彼此不喜欢却相爱的人的故事。故选A项。
B
Most people can think of a time when they were in a bad mood after a long day at work and a shop assistant gave them a warm smile. Or maybe they overheard their bus-mate speaking German and ended up filling the morning commute（通勤）with a stimulating conversation about an upcoming trip.
Nicholas Epley, a psychologist at the University of Chicago conducted a study. Participants speaking to strangers on public transportation during their morning commutes reported having a more enjoyable commute.
Epley shared why speaking to strangers may have such a mood boosting impact. Loneliness, Epley explained, is one of the most dangerous social stressors and is even more physically harmful than obesity（肥胖）. “It’s larger than air pollution, which we spend an awful lot of time worrying about.” Making connections with those around us can reduce loneliness and its harmful impacts.
Despite all the benefits of conversing with strangers, there are some factors that hold people back from new social connections.
Psychologist Gillian Sandstrom thinks that people don’t talk with strangers, simply because most people don’t have the skills or confidence to do so. To address this, she ran London-based events to help people gain confidence in initiating conversations with strangers. Sandstrom said, “By the end, those participants don’t want to stop talking.”
Sandstrom wanted to take this success a step further and she started hosting events where people were forced to talk with strangers. For example, using the app GooseChase, Sandstrom made a campaign that required participants to talk to people with a variety of characteristics. This event was also successful with four fifths of participants sharing that they learned something new, and nearly half hoping to keep in touch with a new-found friend.
People spend so much of our day around strangers, such as in line at the store, on public transportation, and in the office. Why not take advantage of being around people you don’t know Flash a smile or start up a conversation, and you will make two people’s day nicer.
24. Why does Nicholas Epley mention air pollution
A. To show the strong impact of loneliness on mood.
B. To highlight the significance of making connections.
C. To introduce the benefits of conversing with strangers.
D. To prove the necessity of creating a good environment.
25. What can we learn about Gillian Sandstrom’s London-based events
A. They provide new job opportunities.
B. They are highly enjoyed by the participants.
C. They boost people’s confidence in society.
D. They explore why people don’t talk to strangers.
26. How does the author show the success of the app-based campaign
A. By referring to quotes. B. By listing examples.
C. By making comparisons. D. By showing statistics.
27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To urge people to interact with strangers.
B. To relieve commuters from awkwardness.
C. To help people improve communication skills.
D. To remind people to pay attention to their surroundings.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了与陌生人交流的好处，旨在鼓励人们多与陌生人交流。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Loneliness, Epley explained, is one of the most dangerous social stressors and is even more physically harmful than obesity（肥胖）. “It’s larger than air pollution, which we spend an awful lot of time worrying about.” (Epley解释说，孤独是最危险的社会压力源之一，对身体的伤害甚至比肥胖更大。“这比我们花了很多时间担心的空气污染还要严重。”)”可推知，Nicholas Epley提及空气污染是为了说明孤独对心情的影响很大。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“To address this, she ran London-based events to help people gain confidence in initiating conversations with strangers. Sandstrom said, “By the end, those participants don’t want to stop talking.” (为了解决这个问题，她在伦敦举办了一些活动，帮助人们在与陌生人交谈时获得信心。Sandstrom说：“到最后，那些参与者不想停止交谈。”)”可推知，这些活动深受参与者的喜爱。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“This event was also successful with four fifths of participants sharing that they learned something new, and nearly half hoping to keep in touch with a new-found friend. (这项活动也很成功，五分之四的参与者分享了他们学到的新东西，近一半的人希望与新朋友保持联系。)”可推知，作者通过列举数据说明了这个活动大获成功。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了与陌生人交流的好处。根据最后一段内容“People spend so much of our day around strangers, such as in line at the store, on public transportation, and in the office. Why not take advantage of being around people you don’t know Flash a smile or start up a conversation, and you will make two people’s day nicer. (人们一天中的大部分时间都在陌生人身边度过，比如在商店排队、乘坐公共交通工具和办公室。为什么不利用和你不认识的人在一起的机会呢？一个微笑或开始一段对话，你会让两个人的一天变得更好。)”可推知，本文旨在鼓励人们多与陌生人交流。故选A。
C
Huge health care bills, long emergency-room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily.
Primary care should be the backbone of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.
A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries (老年医保受惠人). The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw a total of seven doctors—two primary care physicians and five specialists—in a given year. Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don’t guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.
How did we let primary care slip so far The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he’s reimbursed (返还费用). Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. A specialist who performs a procedure in a 30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient’s bining this fact with annual government threats to indiscriminately (任意地) cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.
Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care.
Medical students are not blind to this scenario. They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primary care. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U. S. medical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results I emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors.
How do we fix this problem
It starts with reforming the physician reimbursement system. Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally (最佳的) managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving students loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.
We’re at a point where primary care is needed more than ever. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million Baby Boomers will become eligible for Medicare. Patients older than 85, who need chronic care most, will rise by 50% this decade.
Who will be there to treat them
28. We learn from the passage that people tend to believe that ________.
A. the more costly the medicine, the more effective the cure
B. seeing more doctors may result in more diagnostic errors
C. visiting the same doctor on a regular basis ensures good health
D. the more doctors a patient sees, the better
29. Faced with the government threats to cut reimbursements indiscriminately, primary care physicians have to ________.
A. increase their income by working overtime
B. improve their expertise and service
C. see more patients at the expense of quality
D. make various deals with specialists
30. What suggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care
A. Bridge the salary gap between specialist and primary care physicians.
B Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.
C. Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.
D. Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as their major.
31. The best title for this passage is ________.
A. The Health Care in Trouble B. The Imbalance System
C. The Declining Number of Doctors D. The Ever-rising Health Care Costs
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述初级保健应是任何卫生保健系统的支柱，而美国却强调专科医生而不是初级保健医生，以至于初级保健滑落，并给出了具体原因和针对这一问题的对策。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw a total of seven doctors—two primary care physicians and five specialists—in a given year. Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don’t guarantee better care. (令人吃惊的发现是，医保病人平均每年看7位医生——2位初级保健医生和5位专科医生。与普遍的看法相反，更多的医生照顾你并不能保证更好的护理)”可推断普遍的看法是病人看的医生越多越好，故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“How did we let primary care slip so far The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he’s reimbursed (返还费用). Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. A specialist who performs a procedure in a 30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient’s bining this fact with annual government threats to indiscriminately (任意地) cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income. (我们怎么会让初级保健滑落到如此地步 关键是医生的薪酬。大多数医生在提供医疗服务时获得报酬。医生做得越多，无论质量或结果如何，他得到的补偿就越多。此外，医生的收入很大程度上依赖于医疗或外科手术。一位专家在30分钟内完成一项手术，其收入是一位初级保健医生在30分钟内讨论病人病情的三倍。再加上政府每年都威胁任意地地削减报销，医生们别无选择，只能增加数量来增加收入。)”可知，面对政府不加选择地削减报销的威胁，初级保健医生不得不以牺牲质量为代价看更多的病人，故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It starts with reforming the physician reimbursement system. Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally (最佳的) managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving students loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries. (首先要改革医生报销制度。消除初级保健医生每小时挤进更多病人的压力，并奖励他们对疾病的最佳管理和循证医学的实践。通过减免那些选择初级保健作为职业的学生贷款，调和专科医生和初级保健医生之间的显著差异，使初级保健对医学生更具吸引力)”可知为了提供更好的医疗保健，作者建议调和专科医生和初级保健医生之间的显著差异，也就是工资差距，故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段和第二段“Huge health care bills, long emergency-room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily. Primary care should be the backbone of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician. (巨额的医疗费用、急诊室的长时间等待以及找不到初级保健医生，这些都只是患者每天面临的问题的皮毛。初级保健应是任何卫生保健系统的支柱。在卫生结果和费用方面，拥有适当初级保健资源的国家得分很高。美国采取了相反的方法，强调专科医生而不是初级保健医生。)”可知本文主要讲述初级保健应是任何卫生保健系统的支柱，而美国却强调专科医生而不是初级保健医生，导致初级保健下滑，也就是保健系统的不平衡，所以B选项“不平衡的系统”符合文章题意，故选B。
D
Teachers worried about students turning in essays written by a popular artificial intelligence chatbot now have a new tool of their own.
Edward Tian, a computer science major at Princeton University, has built an App called GPTZero to detect whether a text is written by Chat GPT, which is a popular chatbot that has caused fears over its possibility for immoral uses in American academic circles. His motivation to create the computer program was to fight what he sees as an increase in AI plagiarism (剽窃). Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, there have been reports of students using the language model to pass off AI-written assignments as their own. Many teachers have reached out to him after he released GPTZero, telling him about the positive results they’ve seen from testing it.
To determine whether an essay is written by a computer program, GPTZero uses two indicators: “confusion” and “burstiness (突发性)”. The first indicator measures the complexity of text; if GPTZero is confused by the text, then it has a high complexity and it’s more likely to be human-written. However, if the text is more familiar to GPTZero — because it’s been trained on such data — then it will have low complexity and therefore is more likely to be AI-generated. Besides, the second indicator compares the variations of sentences. Humans tend to write with greater burstiness, for example, with some longer or complex sentences alongside shorter ones. AI sentences tend to be more uniform.
In a demonstration video, Tian compared the App’s analysis of a story in The New Yorker and a Linked In post written by ChatGPT. It successfully distinguished writing between human and AI. However, GPTZero isn’t foolproof, as some users have reported when putting it to the test. He said he’s still working to improve the model’s accuracy.
Tian is not opposed to the use of AI tools like ChatGPT. GPTZero is “not meant to be a tool to stop these technologies from being used,” he said. “But with any new technologies, we need to be able to adopt it responsibly and we need to have protections.”
32. What have some students done since ChatGPT was released
A. They have built language models from ChatGPT.
B. They have copied AI-written text from ChatGPT
C. They have accessed their assignments through ChatGPT.
D. They have passed their writing exams through ChatGPT.
33. What can be inferred about the two indicators of GPTZero
A. The more uniform the text is, the more likely it is to be AI-generated.
B. The less complex the text is, the more likely it is to be human-written.
C. GPTZero sometimes confuses human-written texts with AI-generated texts.
D. GPTZero is more familiar with human-written texts than with AI-generated texts.
34. What does the underlined word “foolproof” mean in the fourth paragraph
A. User-friendly. B. Time-efficient.
C. Perfectly legal. D. Completely reliable.
35. What maybe Tian’s attitude to the use of AI tools
A. Favorable. B. Disapproving. C. Objective. D. Ambiguous.
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普林斯顿大学计算机科学专业的Edward Tian开发了一款名为GPTZero的应用程序，用于检测文本是否由ChatGPT编写。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, there have been reports of students using the language model to pass off AI-written assignments as their own. (自2022年ChatGPT发布以来，有报道称学生使用该语言模型将人工智能编写的作业冒充自己的作业)”可知，自从ChatGPT发布以来，一些学生的作业抄袭了语言模型ChatGPT人工智能编写的文本。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“To determine whether an essay is written by a computer program, GPTZero uses two indicators: “confusion” and “burstiness (突发性)”. The first indicator measures the complexity of text; if GPTZero is confused by the text, then it has a high complexity and it’s more likely to be human-written. However, if the text is more familiar to GPTZero — because it’s been trained on such data — then it will have low complexity and therefore is more likely to be AI-generated. Besides, the second indicator compares the variations of sentences. Humans tend to write with greater burstiness, for example, with some longer or complex sentences alongside shorter ones. AI sentences tend to be more uniform.(为了确定一篇文章是否由计算机程序编写，GPTZero使用了两个指标：“困惑度”和“突发性”。第一个指标衡量文本的复杂性；如果GPTZero对文本感到困惑，那么它具有很高的复杂性，并且更有可能是人类编写的。然而，如果文本对GPTZero来说更熟悉——因为它是在这样的数据上训练的——那么它的复杂性就会降低，因此更有可能是人工智能生成的。此外，第二个指标比较句子的变化。例如，人类倾向于用更突然的方式写作，一些较长的或复杂的句子与较短的句子并列。人工智能的句子往往更加统一)”可知，GPTZero使用了“困惑度”和“突发性”来确定一篇文章是否由计算机程序编写，困惑度越低就更有可能是人工智能生成的；人类更倾向于用更突然的方式写作。由此推知，文本越统一，就越有可能是人工智能生成的。故选A。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上句“In a demonstration video, Tian compared the App’s analysis of a story in The New Yorker and a Linked In post written by ChatGPT. It successfully distinguished writing between human and AI. (在一段演示视频中，田将该应用对《纽约客》一篇报道的分析与ChatGPT撰写的一篇Linked In文章进行了比较。它成功地区分了人类和人工智能的写作)”可知，在演示视频中GPTZero成功区分出了人类和人工智能的写作；结合划线词所在句首的转折词“However”以及下文“He said he’s still working to improve the model’s accuracy.(他说他仍在努力提高模型的准确性)”可知，GPTZero模型的准确性仍在努力提高，即GPTZero辨别文本是否为人工智能所写并不是完全可靠的、万无一失的；由此可知，“However, GPTZero isn’t foolproof, as some users have reported when putting it to the test. (然而，GPTZero并不是foolproof，正如一些用户在测试时所报告的那样)”中的foolproof意思为“完全可靠的”，与Completely reliable意思一致。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tian is not opposed to the use of AI tools like ChatGPT. GPTZero is “not meant to be a tool to stop these technologies from being used,” he said. “But with any new technologies, we need to be able to adopt it responsibly and we need to have protections.”(Tian并不反对使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具。GPTZero‘并不是要成为阻止这些技术被使用的工具，’他说。‘但对于任何新技术，我们都需要能够负责任地采用它，我们需要有保护措施。’)”可知，Tian并不反对使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具，他认为应该负责任地采用人工智能工具。由此推知，Tian对人工智能使用的态度很客观的。故选C。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you always dreamed of having a garden,but thought you didn’t have enough space (空间) ___36___ With a little planning and creativity. you can still make a beautiful garden from the small outdoor space Here are some tips that you can follow.
Plan your layout (布局) carefully. ____37____ Consider the overall arrangement of the space and create different zones for different purposes. You may want to make an outline or use a design tool to imagine it. Or it’s a good choice to search online for digital garden planners to help you deign the layout _____38_____ If you have limited space,it’s important to select plants that will grow well in your garden. Look for plants that suit the climate,soil type,and growing conditions. Or choose dense or small sizes of plants to make the best use of your space
Make use of vertical (垂直的) space. One of the best ways to make the most of your small garden is to use vertical gardening skills. Vertical gardening is an excellent way to add more greenery to your small garden without taking up too much space. ____39____ You can also use hanging baskets to add more greenery to your space.
Include the eatable into your garden. Growing your own food is not only satisfying,but it can also save you money on groceries Even if you only have a small garden. you can still consider growing various fruits,vegetables, which can be grown ta containers like boxes and pots. ____40____
With these tips in mind,you can create a beautiful and productive garden in even the smallest space. Happy gardening!
A. Follow design rules.
B. It’s time to think again.
C. Choose suitable plants.
D. First,owning a garden is important.
E. You can grow plants on walls or ladders.
F. Before planting. think about how to use your garden.
G. They can provide fresh and delicious food throughout the season.
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. C 39. E 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几条关于如何利用有限的空间设计花园的建议。
【36题详解】
空前说“Have you always dreamed of having a garden, but thought you didn’t have enough space (你是否一直梦想拥有一个花园，但又觉得没有足够的空间？)”，空后说“With a little planning and creativity, you can still make a beautiful garden from the small outdoor space. Here are some tips that you can follow.(只要有一点计划和创意，你仍然可以把小小的户外空间变成一个美丽的花园。这里有一些建议，你可以遵循。)”，这说明要建花园还是有办法的，因此空格处应该承上启下，引出下文建议，说明人们可以重新考虑一下借鉴下面的建议来建花园，B选项“It’s time to think again.(是时候重新考虑了。)”说明是时候重新考虑建花园了，引出下文建议，符合语境，故选B。
【37题详解】
空前说“Plan your layout (布局) carefully.(仔细规划你的布局。)”，布局就是关于如何安排花园的分区，空后说“Consider the overall arrangement of the space and create different zones for different purposes.(考虑空间的整体布局，为不同的目的创造不同的区域。)”，说明要想好用花园来干什么，这都是在建花园之前要考虑的，F选项“Before planting, think about how to use your garden.(在种植之前，考虑一下如何利用你的花园。)”说明了在种植前要考虑用途，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
空格处是下文的概括，由空后的“If you have limited space, it’s important to select plants that will grow well in your garden. Look for plants that suit the climate, soil type, and growing conditions. Or choose dense or small sizes of plants to make the best use of your space.(如果你的空间有限，选择那些能在花园里长得很好的植物是很重要的。寻找适合气候、土壤类型和生长条件的植物。或者选择密集或小尺寸的植物来充分利用你的空间。)”可知，下文主要讲的是要选择恰当的植物，C选项“Choose suitable plants.(选择合适的植物。)”说明了要选择合适的植物，概括了下文，故选C。
【39题详解】
空前说“Vertical gardening is an excellent way to add more greenery to your small garden without taking up too much space.(垂直园艺是一个很好的方式来增加更多的绿色植物到你的小花园，而不占用太多的空间。)”，说明垂直园艺是不占空间的，是垂直地种植作物，空后说“You can also use hanging baskets to add more greenery to your space.(你也可以用挂篮给你的空间增加更多的绿色植物。)”是举的垂直园艺的具体方法，由also可知，空格处是另一个方法，E选项“You can grow plants on walls or ladders.(你可以在墙上或梯子上种植植物。)”说的垂直园艺的一种方法，而且句式和空后的一致，都是You can开头，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
空前说“Even if you only have a small garden. you can still consider growing various fruits, vegetables, which can be grown ta containers like boxes and pots. (即使你只有一个小花园。你仍然可以考虑种植各种各样的水果、蔬菜，这些都可以种植在盒子和罐子之类的容器上。)”，空格处应该说种这些植物的好处，G选项“They can provide fresh and delicious food throughout the season.(它们可以在整个季节提供新鲜美味的食物。)”说明了种蔬菜水果的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
More people are travelling than ever before, and lower barriers to entry and falling costs means they are doing so for ____41____ periods.
The rise of “city breaks” 48-hour bursts of foreign cultures, easier on the pocket and annual leave balance has increased tourist numbers, but not their ____42____ spread. The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure (基础设施) as residents to reach them. “Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time,” says Font, an expert in tourism. “For ____43____, the city no longer belongs to them.”
In response to this situation, cities have come up with various solutions. For instance, Amsterdam has started advising visitors to seek ____44____ outside of the city center on its official website. “That takes courage, really, to do that. But only so many people will look at the website, and it means they can say to their residents they’re doing all they can to ____45____ congestion.”
But it also proposes a better way, which is called “de-tourism”: sustainable travel tips and ____46____ schedules for exploring a real Venice, off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year.
A greater variety of ____47____ for prospective visitors — ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center — can have the effect of removing them from already crowded landmarks, or ____48____ short breaks away in the first place. Longer stays ____49____ the pressure, says Font. ‘If you go to Paris for two days, you’re going to the Eiffel Tower. If you go for two weeks, you’re not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.” Similarly, repeat visitors have a better sense of the____50____, “We should be asking how we can get tourists to ____51____, not how to get them to come for the first time. If they’re coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behaviors with ours.”
Font says cities could stand to be more ____52____ about the tourists they try to attract when the current metric for marketing success is how many there are, and how far they’ve come. “You’re thinking. ‘yeah but at what cost…’” He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourist for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourists — a(n) ____53____ that fails to take into account their bigger carbon footprint. ____54____ tourists are also more likely to be repeat visitors that come at off-peak times, buy local products, and spread out to less crowded parts of the city — all productive steps towards more ____55____ tourism, and more peaceful relations with residents.
41. A. longer B. shorter C. wider D. clearer
42. A. environmental B. national C. economic D. geographic
43. A. locals B. tourists C. visitors D. cleaners
44. A. transports B. accommodation C. restaurants D. service
45. A. cause B. fuel C. transfer D. ease
46. A. separate B. individual C. alternative D. objective
47. A. reform B. guidance C. invitation D. support
48. A. convincing B. discouraging C. promoting D. enjoying
49. A. release B. enhance C. remove D. relieve
50. A. culture B. knowledge C. entertainment D. ability
51. A. go with B. bring up C. come back D. lay off
52. A. selective B. optimistic C. curious D. doubtful
53. A. distinction B. harmony C. association D. comparison
54. A. French B. Japanese C. Spanish D. German
55. A. comfortable B. complex C. temporary D. sustainable
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文属于议论文。旅游的发展，虽然促进了当地的经济发展，但从另外一个方面影响到了当地居民的生活以及各种基础设施，如何保证旅游业的长久发展是摆在人们面前的一大问题。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更多的人旅游的更频繁，因为去一个国家的障碍更少，费用更低，这就意味着游客在一个地方旅游的时间越来越短。A. longer更长的；B. shorter更短的；C. wider更宽的；D. clearer更干净的。根据下文“The rise of “city breaks” 48-hour bursts of foreign cultures”推知，人们在一个景点呆的时间越来越短，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：城市短修的兴起，48小时异域文化爆发式体验旅游，对钱包和年度休假余额构成的压力相对比较轻松，这些都导致游客人数上涨，但是游客目的地地理范围没有相应的扩展。A. environmental环境的；B. national国家的；C. economic经济的；D. geographic地理的。根据下文“The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure ( 基础设施 ) as residents to reach them. ”可知，游客目的地地理范围没有相应的扩展，还是是那些同样的地方旅行。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于当地人来说，城市已经不属于他们了。A. locals当地人；B. tourists游客；C. visitors参观者；D. cleaners清洁工。根据上文“ visitors use the same infrastructure (基础设施) as residents to reach them.”可知，游客和居民使用同样的基础设施，这导致当地人觉得城市不属于自己了，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，阿姆斯特丹已经开始建议游客在其官方网站上寻找市中心以外的住宿。A. transports交通；B. accommodation住宿；C. restaurants餐厅；D. service服务。根据后文“outside of the city center on its official website”可知，此处指阿姆斯特丹已经开始建议游客在其官方网站上寻找市中心以外的住宿。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是也只有这样，人们才会去官网上查看（市中心之外的住宿），这意味着阿姆斯特丹的官员们可以说他们已经在尽力缓解交通堵塞。A. cause造成；B. fuel刺激；C. transfer转移；D. ease缓解。根据宾语congestion并结合上文“Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time”可知，此处指缓解交通拥堵。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它也提出了一种更好的方式，被称为“错峰旅游”：他们给游客提供有关可持续旅游（对环境不造成严重负担和破坏的旅游）的建议，以及探索一个真正的威尼斯的另类旅游路线，并远离那些每年蜂拥而至的2800万游客踩踏过的道路。A. separate分开的；B. individual个人的；C. alternative可替代性的；D. objective客观的。根据本句“off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year”可知，为游客提供一些人少的路线，即可供替代的选择。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为潜在的游客提供更多种类的指导——例如，在淡季或市中心以外的地方做些什么——可以使他们远离已经拥挤的地标，或者从一开始就不鼓励短暂的休息。A. reform改革；B. guidance指导；C. invitation邀请；D. support支持。根据后文“ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center”可知，本段讲述对游客进行指导，实现游客分流，故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为潜在的游客提供更多种类的指导——例如，在淡季或市中心以外的地方做些什么——可以使他们远离已经拥挤的地标，或者从一开始就不鼓励短暂的休息。A. convincing说服；B. discouraging打消积极性；C. promoting促进；D. enjoying欣赏。本段讲述对游客进行指导，实现游客分流，合理规划自己的旅行计划，由此推知，此处指从一开始就不鼓励短暂的休息。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个地方逗留时间更长能够缓解一定的压力。A. release释放；B. enhance加强；C. remove去除；D. relieve缓解。根据后文“If you go to Paris for two days, you’re going to the Eiffel Tower. If you go for two weeks, you’re not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.(如果你去巴黎两天，你会去埃菲尔铁塔。如果你去两周，你不会去埃菲尔铁塔14次)”可知，在一个地方逗留时间更长能够缓解当地的压力，故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：再次去的游客有更好的文化意识，我应该考虑怎样让游客再来这个地方旅游，而不是来第一次就不来了。A. culture文化；B. knowledge知识；C. entertainment娱乐；D. ability能力。根据后文“If they’re coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behavior with ours.(如果他们是第五次来，就更容易把他们的行为和我们的行为结合起来)”可知，多次去同一个地方旅游的游客能够更好地融入当地的文化，故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我应该考虑怎样让游客再来这个地方旅游，而不是来第一次就不来了。A. go with与……一起去；B. bring up抚养；C. come back回来；D. lay off解雇。根据后文“not how to get them to come for the first time”推知，应该考虑怎样让游客来了还想来，故选C。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丰特说，当目前衡量营销成功的标准是有多少游客，以及他们已经走了多远的时候，城市可以对他们试图吸引的游客更有选择性。A. selective认真挑选的，严格筛选的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. curious好奇的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据后文“about the tourists they try to attract”指城市可以对他们试图吸引的游客更有选择性。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他提及巴萨罗那旅游管理局尚未公布的数据，这些数据（显示）日本游客被优先考虑，因为他们平均每人每天消费比法国人要多处640欧元。但是，这个比较并未能考虑日本游客更大的碳足迹。A. distinction区分；B. harmony和谐；C. association联系；D. comparison对比。根据“Japanese tourist for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourists”可知，把日本游客与法国游客进行对比，故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且，法国游客也更可能成为错峰时段的回访者，购买本地的产品，并且分散到城市里不那么拥挤的地方，这些都是建设性的措施，能使得旅游更可持续，游客与本地居民的关系更平和。A. French法国人；B. Japanese日本人；C. Spanish西班牙人；D. German德国人。根据上文“prioritizes Japanese tourist for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourists”可知，尽管日本游客花钱更多，但是法国游客更有可能再次去，故选A。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且，法国游客也更可能成为错峰时段的回访者，购买本地的产品，并且分散到城市里不那么拥挤的地方，这些都是建设性的措施，能使得旅游更可持续，游客与本地居民的关系更平和。A. comfortable舒服的；B. complex复杂的；C. temporary临时的；D. sustainable可持续的。根据上文“come at off-peak times, buy local products, and spread out to less crowded parts of the city”可知，法国人的旅游方式属于持续性旅游发展，故选D。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Animal-rights activists often complain that cute beasts get more sympathy than ugly ones. If so, one would think a lovely creature like the mink (貂) would be easy to protect. Yet in the Netherlands, mink is the only animal ___56___ can still legally be farmed for their fur. That is about to change. On August 28th the government brought forward to this year a ban ___57___ mink-farming that had been scheduled to take effect in 2025. The timetable was sped up not because mink had become more adorable, ___58___ because they can contract COVID-19 and spread it to humans.
Dutch farmers normally raised about 2.5 million minks a year, ___59___ (make) the Netherlands the world’s fourth-largest producer after Denmark, China and Poland. In April, a couple of minks and the farm hands who tended them ___60___ (diagnose) with COVID-19. Genetic tracing showed that at least two workers had probably been infected by mink, rather than the other way around. The affected animals were destroyed and stricter hygiene rules were imposed, but by summer the virus had spread to a third of the country’s farms.
That was a win for the Netherland’s Party for the Animals, which has four seats in the 150-member parliament. In 2013, ___61___ helped pass the law that gave mink farmers until 2025 to get out of the business. Some members of parliament claim that the compensation ___62___ (pay) for destroying the infected minks was higher than the market price for their fur.
Fur farmers say modern standards allow minks to be raised humanely, and ___63___ they are not a big reason for the spread of the virus. But minks tend to live by themselves instead of living in groups; animal-rights advocates say they cannot be raised humanely in small cages. As for COVID-19, the worry is ___64___ mink could serve as a medium for it to attack human immunization (免疫) programs. The industry’s value is modest, and polls show the public overwhelmingly opposes it. “In a democratic country, that widespread belief ____65____ translate into a political decision to ban fur farming,” says Esther Ouwehand, leader of the Party for the Animals. The farmers accept they are shutting down. The remaining argument is over money.
【答案】56. that
57. on 58. but
59. making 60. were diagnosed
61. it 62. paid
63. that 64. that
65. has to##ought to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了荷兰政府加快了禁止农民养殖貂的步伐，主要原因是它们可以感染新冠病毒并将其传播给人类。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而在荷兰，貂是唯一一种仍然可以合法饲养以获取皮毛的动物。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词animal，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，且先行词前有the only修饰，因此应用关系代词that作引导词。故填that。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意：8月28日，政府将原定于2025年生效的貂养殖禁令提前到了今年。ban后通常跟介词on，表示“对……的禁令”。故填on。
【58题详解】
考查连词。句意：时间表加快不是因为貂变得更可爱了，而是因为它们可以感染新冠病毒并将其传播给人类。根据“not because”可推知，此处表示“不是因为……而是因为……”，应用not… but…表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：荷兰农民通常每年饲养约250万只貂，使荷兰成为仅次于丹麦、中国和波兰的世界第四大貂生产国。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用make的现在分词形式。故填making。
【60题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：今年4月，几只貂和照顾它们的农场工人被诊断出患有新冠病毒。空处作主句的谓语，时间状语为In April，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，diagnose和主语a couple of minks and the farm hands之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用were。故填were diagnosed。
【61题详解】
考查代词。句意：2013年，它帮助通过了一项法律，要求貂养殖户在2025年之前退出该行业。空处作句子的主语，指代前一句中的the Netherland’s Party for the Animals，应用代词it来指代。故填it。
62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一些国会议员声称，销毁受感染貂的赔偿费高于其皮毛的市场价格。空处作compensation的后置定语，是非谓语动词，pay和compensation逻辑上是被动关系，应用pay的过去分词形式。故填paid。
【63题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：皮草养殖者表示，现代标准允许人道地饲养貂，这并不是病毒传播的主要原因。空处引导名词性从句作say的第二个宾语，宾语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。
【64题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：至于新冠病毒，人们担心貂可能会成为攻击人类免疫计划的媒介。空处引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：“在一个民主国家，这种普遍的信念应该转化为禁止皮草养殖的政治决定，”动物保护党领导人Esther Ouwehand说。空处和translate构成句子的谓语，且结合语境可知，此处侧重责任与道德上的期待，因此用固定短语have to或ought to表示“应该，应当”，主语为that widespread belief，使用have to时，have用第三人称单数形式。故填has to/ought to。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。请你写一则通知发布在校英语网站上，内容包括：
1、活动的时间和地点；
2、活动的内容；
3、期待参与。
注意：
1、词数80左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
Dear fellow students,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Union
【答案】NOTICE
Dear fellow students,
Our society is rapidly changing. We teenagers are eager to show our talents. To meet the desire, a photo exhibition called “Contemporary teenager’s life” will be held at 3 p.m. next Sunday in our school hall. The exhibition is meant to show an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers. Each photo should tell a unique story, which allows us to appreciate the beauty of modern teenagers.
We eagerly hope for your participation in the exciting event.
Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校学生会计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。要求考生按照要求写一则通知发布在校英语网站上。
【详解】1.词汇积累
渴望：are eager to→ are thirsty for
旨在：be meant to→ be designed to
欣赏：appreciate→admire
捕获：capturing→ catching
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The exhibition is meant to an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers
拓展句：The exhibition is meant to an impressive collection of photographs which will capture the lives and talents of modern teenagers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The exhibition is meant to show an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers. (使用了现在分词capturing充当后置定语)
【高分句型2】Each photo should tell a unique story, which allows us to appreciate the beauty of modern teenagers. (使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The dog days of summer in Central Texas are hot and damp. It was a pity that our home didn’t have air conditioning. Momma and I were just trying to get through this August afternoon the best we could. Reading helped take our minds off the heat. Momma was stretched across the sofa, a pillow (枕头) under her head, reading. I sat on the floor, leaning (倚靠) back against the sofa, a curious nine-year-old in shorts sharing a fan’s flow. My book rested on the floor.
I looked at the thin hardcover my mom was reading, Ed Nichols Rode a Horse. There was a cowboy riding his horse on the front cover, but otherwise the book appeared plain and unimpressive. Before I settled, I asked, “Momma, what’s your book about ”
“It’s a story about a man, his horse and the hardships he encountered in Texas. Some of it takes place in Bosque County,” she answered.
With that, my mom returned to her story. I knew Bosque County was near where Momma had grown up. And I also knew it was best if I didn’t ask any more questions. My mom took her reading seriously.
We’d been reading for the better part of an hour-the only sounds were those that came from the fan and an occasional turn of a page — when I heard something unfamiliar. The sniffling (抽鼻子) back of tears.
I turned in her direction and saw something I’d never seen before: my mom crying. Something big — really big must have happened. My mom did not cry.
“Momma, what’s wrong ” I got up on my knees, staring directly into her face. “Are you all right ” “Jennifer, I’m fine.” Momma sat up and wiped (擦) her eyes. “You don’t need to be concerned.”
I wasn’t buying it. This was not normal behavior. “Why were you crying ” I asked in a whisper. She looked at me hard. “The book made me cry,” she replied.
I was trying to figure out how that plain-looking book could make my mostly no-nonsense momma cry when she said the most amazing thing. “The story made me sad when the horse got hurt.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That’s when I learned the truth that stories affect us.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I read Ed Nichols Rode a Horse from cover to cover with a big plan forming in my mind.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
That’s when I learned the truth that stories affect us. A reader can be transformed and feel strong emotion over something printed on a page. Words had just become very powerful. I looked into my mom’s eyes. “Momma, could I read your book ” I held my breath, afraid she’d deny me the right to read such a sad, adult tale. But my mom was a wise woman. She studied me for what seemed a long time. Finally, she said, “I think you’re old enough to handle it.” Momma handed me her book.
I read Ed Nichols Rode a Horse from cover to cover with a big plan forming in my mind. In the process of my reading I cried just like my mom. The powerful story told on those pages affected me, just like it had my mom. And, the shared reading of it united us. We were unified that hot Texas day over the power of written words. And from that moment on, I knew what I wanted to become. I wanted to be a writer of stories capable of bringing such emotions into others’ mind.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在德克萨斯州中部的夏天，家里没有空调，作者和妈妈只好通过在家里看书来转移注意力，然后，作者发现妈妈看着书竟然哭了，这让作者感到好奇，因为作者从没看妈妈哭过，于是作者询问妈妈是否自己能看看那本书，妈妈同意了，通过这本书，作者明白了文字的力量。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“从那时起，我明白了故事影响我们的真相。”可知，第一段可描写因为好奇，请求妈妈让自己看看那本书，以为妈妈会拒绝，没想到妈妈同意自己看那本书。
②由第二段首句内容“我通读了Ed Nichols Rode a Horse，脑海中形成了一个宏伟的计划。”可知，第二段可描写作者看过书后，也哭了，明白了文字的力量，想成为一名故事作家。
2. 续写线索：读书——发现妈妈哭了——好奇——请求也阅读那本书——妈妈同意自己看那本书——看完之后自己也哭了——明白了文字的力量——想成为一名故事作家
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①拒绝：deny/refuse
②认为：think (that)/hold the belief that
③影响：affect/influence
情绪类
①害怕的：afraid/frightened
②悲伤的：sad/sorrowful/heartbroken
【点睛】[高分句型1] She studied me for what seemed a long time. (what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] And from that moment on, I knew what I wanted to become. (what引导的宾语从句)重庆乌江新高考协作体2024届高考模拟监测（三）
英语试题
（分数：150分，时间：120分钟）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following are reviews of four films.
Happiness (Romance)★★★
Happiness tells the story of two people who work for different advertising companies. They talk on the phone all the time and don’t like each other. But then they correspond by email and fall in love. This movie is very popular with teenagers and people who like romances. It also has beautiful music.
I Scream (Thriller)★★
In I Scream, Paul is a young man who joins a thriller club. Each of the members tries to frighten the others. Paul is told to stay in an old house for the night. Everyone who has tried to stay in the house before has died. This movie is very frightening but also quite silly. It doesn’t make sense for Paul to stay in the house when things start to go wrong. It is only for people who like thrillers.
Paul’s Heroes (Comedy)★★★
This is a very funny war movie set in World WarⅡ. Six soldiers have to get to Italy to take secret messages to the American army there. In the movie, they dress up as women and fight with Italian workers. You can guess the ending, but it’s great fun getting there.
________ (Drama)★★★★
This is a very good drama with Jack Ross, who plays a hard working truck driver. His wife becomes ill and he has to find a doctor who can help her. In his travels he meets Dr Lloyd (Phil Driver) who has found the cure for the illness, but Jack Ross has only twelve hours to get the medicine back to his wife on the other side of America. This is an excellent movie, which is very exciting.
21. Which movie does the reviewer like best
A. No.1. B. No.2. C. No.3. D. No.4.
22. Which of the following is the best title for the fourth film
A. A Hard Working Truck Driver B. Medicine C. Strange Illness D. Twelve Hours
23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Happiness tells the story of two people who don’t like each other but fall in love.
B. Thrillers are popular with most people.
C. Paul’s Heroes is not worth seeing at all.
D. It’s easy for Jack Ross’s wife to be saved.
B
Most people can think of a time when they were in a bad mood after a long day at work and a shop assistant gave them a warm smile. Or maybe they overheard their bus-mate speaking German and ended up filling the morning commute（通勤）with a stimulating conversation about an upcoming trip.
Nicholas Epley, a psychologist at the University of Chicago conducted a study. Participants speaking to strangers on public transportation during their morning commutes reported having a more enjoyable commute.
Epley shared why speaking to strangers may have such a mood boosting impact. Loneliness, Epley explained, is one of the most dangerous social stressors and is even more physically harmful than obesity（肥胖）. “It’s larger than air pollution, which we spend an awful lot of time worrying about.” Making connections with those around us can reduce loneliness and its harmful impacts.
Despite all the benefits of conversing with strangers, there are some factors that hold people back from new social connections.
Psychologist Gillian Sandstrom thinks that people don’t talk with strangers, simply because most people don’t have the skills or confidence to do so. To address this, she ran London-based events to help people gain confidence in initiating conversations with strangers. Sandstrom said, “By the end, those participants don’t want to stop talking.”
Sandstrom wanted to take this success a step further and she started hosting events where people were forced to talk with strangers. For example, using the app GooseChase, Sandstrom made a campaign that required participants to talk to people with a variety of characteristics. This event was also successful with four fifths of participants sharing that they learned something new, and nearly half hoping to keep in touch with a new-found friend.
People spend so much of our day around strangers, such as in line at the store, on public transportation, and in the office. Why not take advantage of being around people you don’t know Flash a smile or start up a conversation, and you will make two people’s day nicer.
24. Why does Nicholas Epley mention air pollution
A To show the strong impact of loneliness on mood.
B. To highlight the significance of making connections.
C. To introduce the benefits of conversing with strangers.
D. To prove the necessity of creating a good environment.
25. What can we learn about Gillian Sandstrom’s London-based events
A. They provide new job opportunities.
B. They are highly enjoyed by the participants.
C. They boost people’s confidence in society.
D. They explore why people don’t talk to strangers.
26. How does the author show the success of the app-based campaign
A. By referring to quotes. B. By listing examples.
C. By making comparisons. D. By showing statistics.
27. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To urge people to interact with strangers.
B. To relieve commuters from awkwardness.
C. To help people improve communication skills.
D. To remind people to pay attention to their surroundings.
C
Huge health care bills, long emergency-room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily.
Primary care should be the backbone of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.
A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries (老年医保受惠人). The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw a total of seven doctors—two primary care physicians and five specialists—in a given year. Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don’t guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.
How did we let primary care slip so far The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he’s reimbursed (返还费用). Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. A specialist who performs a procedure in a 30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient’s bining this fact with annual government threats to indiscriminately (任意地) cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.
Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care.
Medical students are not blind to this scenario. They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primary care. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U. S. medical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results I emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors.
How do we fix this problem
It starts with reforming the physician reimbursement system. Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally (最佳的) managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving students loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.
We’re at a point where primary care is needed more than ever. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million Baby Boomers will become eligible for Medicare. Patients older than 85, who need chronic care most, will rise by 50% this decade.
Who will be there to treat them
28. We learn from the passage that people tend to believe that ________.
A. the more costly the medicine, the more effective the cure
B. seeing more doctors may result in more diagnostic errors
C. visiting the same doctor on a regular basis ensures good health
D. the more doctors a patient sees, the better
29. Faced with the government threats to cut reimbursements indiscriminately, primary care physicians have to ________.
A. increase their income by working overtime
B. improve their expertise and service
C. see more patients at the expense of quality
D. make various deals with specialists
30 What suggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care
A. Bridge the salary gap between specialist and primary care physicians.
B. Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.
C. Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.
D. Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as their major.
31. The best title for this passage is ________.
A. The Health Care in Trouble B. The Imbalance System
C. The Declining Number of Doctors D. The Ever-rising Health Care Costs
D
Teachers worried about students turning in essays written by a popular artificial intelligence chatbot now have a new tool of their own.
Edward Tian, a computer science major at Princeton University, has built an App called GPTZero to detect whether a text is written by Chat GPT, which is a popular chatbot that has caused fears over its possibility for immoral uses in American academic circles. His motivation to create the computer program was to fight what he sees as an increase in AI plagiarism (剽窃). Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, there have been reports of students using the language model to pass off AI-written assignments as their own. Many teachers have reached out to him after he released GPTZero, telling him about the positive results they’ve seen from testing it.
To determine whether an essay is written by a computer program, GPTZero uses two indicators: “confusion” and “burstiness (突发性)”. The first indicator measures the complexity of text; if GPTZero is confused by the text, then it has a high complexity and it’s more likely to be human-written. However, if the text is more familiar to GPTZero — because it’s been trained on such data — then it will have low complexity and therefore is more likely to be AI-generated. Besides, the second indicator compares the variations of sentences. Humans tend to write with greater burstiness, for example, with some longer or complex sentences alongside shorter ones. AI sentences tend to be more uniform.
In a demonstration video, Tian compared the App’s analysis of a story in The New Yorker and a Linked In post written by ChatGPT. It successfully distinguished writing between human and AI. However, GPTZero isn’t foolproof, as some users have reported when putting it to the test. He said he’s still working to improve the model’s accuracy.
Tian is not opposed to the use of AI tools like ChatGPT. GPTZero is “not meant to be a tool to stop these technologies from being used,” he said. “But with any new technologies, we need to be able to adopt it responsibly and we need to have protections.”
32. What have some students done since ChatGPT was released
A. They have built language models from ChatGPT.
B. They have copied AI-written text from ChatGPT
C. They have accessed their assignments through ChatGPT.
D. They have passed their writing exams through ChatGPT.
33 What can be inferred about the two indicators of GPTZero
A. The more uniform the text is, the more likely it is to be AI-generated.
B. The less complex the text is, the more likely it is to be human-written.
C. GPTZero sometimes confuses human-written texts with AI-generated texts.
D GPTZero is more familiar with human-written texts than with AI-generated texts.
34. What does the underlined word “foolproof” mean in the fourth paragraph
A. User-friendly. B. Time-efficient.
C. Perfectly legal. D. Completely reliable.
35. What maybe Tian’s attitude to the use of AI tools
A. Favorable. B. Disapproving. C. Objective. D. Ambiguous.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you always dreamed of having a garden,but thought you didn’t have enough space (空间) ___36___ With a little planning and creativity. you can still make a beautiful garden from the small outdoor space Here are some tips that you can follow.
Plan your layout (布局) carefully. ____37____ Consider the overall arrangement of the space and create different zones for different purposes. You may want to make an outline or use a design tool to imagine it. Or it’s a good choice to search online for digital garden planners to help you deign the layout _____38_____ If you have limited space,it’s important to select plants that will grow well in your garden. Look for plants that suit the climate,soil type,and growing conditions. Or choose dense or small sizes of plants to make the best use of your space
Make use of vertical (垂直的) space. One of the best ways to make the most of your small garden is to use vertical gardening skills. Vertical gardening is an excellent way to add more greenery to your small garden without taking up too much space. ____39____ You can also use hanging baskets to add more greenery to your space.
Include the eatable into your garden. Growing your own food is not only satisfying,but it can also save you money on groceries Even if you only have a small garden. you can still consider growing various fruits,vegetables, which can be grown ta containers like boxes and pots. ____40____
With these tips in mind,you can create a beautiful and productive garden in even the smallest space. Happy gardening!
A. Follow design rules.
B. It’s time to think again.
C. Choose suitable plants.
D. First,owning a garden is important.
E. You can grow plants on walls or ladders.
F. Before planting. think about how to use your garden.
G. They can provide fresh and delicious food throughout the season.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
More people are travelling than ever before, and lower barriers to entry and falling costs means they are doing so for ____41____ periods.
The rise of “city breaks” 48-hour bursts of foreign cultures, easier on the pocket and annual leave balance has increased tourist numbers, but not their ____42____ spread. The same attractions have been used to market cities such as Paris, Barcelona and Venice for decades, and visitors use the same infrastructure (基础设施) as residents to reach them. “Too many people do the same thing at the exact same time,” says Font, an expert in tourism. “For ____43____, the city no longer belongs to them.”
In response to this situation, cities have come up with various solutions. For instance, Amsterdam has started advising visitors to seek ____44____ outside of the city center on its official website. “That takes courage, really, to do that. But only so many people will look at the website, and it means they can say to their residents they’re doing all they can to ____45____ congestion.”
But it also proposes a better way, which is called “de-tourism”: sustainable travel tips and ____46____ schedules for exploring a real Venice, off the paths beaten by the 28 million visitors who flock there each year.
A greater variety of ____47____ for prospective visitors — ideas for what to do in off-peak seasons, for example, or outside of the city center — can have the effect of removing them from already crowded landmarks, or ____48____ short breaks away in the first place. Longer stays ____49____ the pressure, says Font. ‘If you go to Paris for two days, you’re going to the Eiffel Tower. If you go for two weeks, you’re not going to go to the Eiffel Tower 14 times.” Similarly, repeat visitors have a better sense of the____50____, “We should be asking how we can get tourists to ____51____, not how to get them to come for the first time. If they’re coming for the fifth time, it is much easier to integrate their behaviors with ours.”
Font says cities could stand to be more ____52____ about the tourists they try to attract when the current metric for marketing success is how many there are, and how far they’ve come. “You’re thinking. ‘yeah but at what cost…’” He points to unpublished data from the Barcelona Tourist Board that prioritizes Japanese tourist for spending an average of 640 more per day than French tourists — a(n) ____53____ that fails to take into account their bigger carbon footprint. ____54____ tourists are also more likely to be repeat visitors that come at off-peak times, buy local products, and spread out to less crowded parts of the city — all productive steps towards more ____55____ tourism, and more peaceful relations with residents.
41. A. longer B. shorter C. wider D. clearer
42. A. environmental B. national C. economic D. geographic
43. A. locals B. tourists C. visitors D. cleaners
44. A. transports B. accommodation C. restaurants D. service
45. A. cause B. fuel C. transfer D. ease
46. A. separate B. individual C. alternative D. objective
47. A. reform B. guidance C. invitation D. support
48. A. convincing B. discouraging C. promoting D. enjoying
49. A. release B. enhance C. remove D. relieve
50. A. culture B. knowledge C. entertainment D. ability
51. A. go with B. bring up C. come back D. lay off
52. A. selective B. optimistic C. curious D. doubtful
53. A. distinction B. harmony C. association D. comparison
54. A. French B. Japanese C. Spanish D. German
55. A. comfortable B. complex C. temporary D. sustainable
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Animal-rights activists often complain that cute beasts get more sympathy than ugly ones. If so, one would think a lovely creature like the mink (貂) would be easy to protect. Yet in the Netherlands, mink is the only animal ___56___ can still legally be farmed for their fur. That is about to change. On August 28th the government brought forward to this year a ban ___57___ mink-farming that had been scheduled to take effect in 2025. The timetable was sped up not because mink had become more adorable, ___58___ because they can contract COVID-19 and spread it to humans.
Dutch farmers normally raised about 2.5 million minks a year, ___59___ (make) the Netherlands the world’s fourth-largest producer after Denmark, China and Poland. In April, a couple of minks and the farm hands who tended them ___60___ (diagnose) with COVID-19. Genetic tracing showed that at least two workers had probably been infected by mink, rather than the other way around. The affected animals were destroyed and stricter hygiene rules were imposed, but by summer the virus had spread to a third of the country’s farms.
That was a win for the Netherland’s Party for the Animals, which has four seats in the 150-member parliament. In 2013, ___61___ helped pass the law that gave mink farmers until 2025 to get out of the business. Some members of parliament claim that the compensation ___62___ (pay) for destroying the infected minks was higher than the market price for their fur.
Fur farmers say modern standards allow minks to be raised humanely, and ___63___ they are not a big reason for the spread of the virus. But minks tend to live by themselves instead of living in groups; animal-rights advocates say they cannot be raised humanely in small cages. As for COVID-19, the worry is ___64___ mink could serve as a medium for it to attack human immunization (免疫) programs. The industry’s value is modest, and polls show the public overwhelmingly opposes it. “In a democratic country, that widespread belief ____65____ translate into a political decision to ban fur farming,” says Esther Ouwehand, leader of the Party for the Animals. The farmers accept they are shutting down. The remaining argument is over money.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。请你写一则通知发布在校英语网站上，内容包括：
1、活动的时间和地点；
2、活动的内容；
3、期待参与。
注意：
1、词数80左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
NOTICE
Dear fellow students,
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Student Union
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The dog days of summer in Central Texas are hot and damp. It was a pity that our home didn’t have air conditioning. Momma and I were just trying to get through this August afternoon the best we could. Reading helped take our minds off the heat. Momma was stretched across the sofa, a pillow (枕头) under her head, reading. I sat on the floor, leaning (倚靠) back against the sofa, a curious nine-year-old in shorts sharing a fan’s flow. My book rested on the floor.
I looked at the thin hardcover my mom was reading, Ed Nichols Rode a Horse. There was a cowboy riding his horse on the front cover, but otherwise the book appeared plain and unimpressive. Before I settled, I asked, “Momma, what’s your book about ”
“It’s a story about a man, his horse and the hardships he encountered in Texas. Some of it takes place in Bosque County,” she answered.
With that, my mom returned to her story. I knew Bosque County was near where Momma had grown up. And I also knew it was best if I didn’t ask any more questions. My mom took her reading seriously.
We’d been reading for the better part of an hour-the only sounds were those that came from the fan and an occasional turn of a page — when I heard something unfamiliar. The sniffling (抽鼻子) back of tears.
I turned in her direction and saw something I’d never seen before: my mom crying. Something big — really big must have happened. My mom did not cry.
“Momma, what’s wrong ” I got up on my knees, staring directly into her face. “Are you all right ” “Jennifer, I’m fine.” Momma sat up and wiped (擦) her eyes. “You don’t need to be concerned.”
I wasn’t buying it. This was not normal behavior. “Why were you crying ” I asked in a whisper. She looked at me hard. “The book made me cry,” she replied.
I was trying to figure out how that plain-looking book could make my mostly no-nonsense momma cry when she said the most amazing thing. “The story made me sad when the horse got hurt.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That’s when I learned the truth that stories affect us.
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I read Ed Nichols Rode a Horse from cover to cover with a big plan forming in my mind.
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